A dictionary of the Chinook jargon, or, Trade language

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SHEA'S
LIBRARY OF AMERICAK LINGUISTICS.
XIL
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DICTIONAEY
OE'
TEB
CHINOOK JAKGON,
OB,
TRADE LANGUAGE OF OREGON.
BY GEOEGE GIBBS.
NEW TOEK:
CRAMOIST PRESS.
1863.
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PREFACE.
Some
years ago the Smithsonian Institution printed a small vocab-
ulary of the Chinook Jargon, furnished by Dr. B. R. Mitchell, of the
U.
S.
Navy, and prepared, as we afterwards learned, by Mr. Lionnet, a
Catholic priest, for his
nook Point.
It
own
use while studying the language at Chi-
was submitted by the
Institution, for revision
preparation for the press, to the late Professor
though
received the
it
philologist,
was
critical
and was of use
deficient in the
W. W.
Turner.
and
Al-
examination of that distinguished
in directing attention to the language,
number
of words in use, contained
it
many which
did not properly belong to the Jargon, and did not give the sources
from which the words were derived.
Mr. Hale had previously given a vocabulary and account of this
Jargon in his " Ethnography of the United States Exploring Expedi-
which was noticed by Mr. Gallatin in the Transactions of the
American Ethnological Society, vol. ii. He, however, fell into some
tion,"
errors in his derivation of the words, chiefly from ignoring the Chihalis
element of the Jargon, and the number of words given by him
amounted only to about two hundred and
A copy
fifty.
of Mr. Lionnet's vocabulary having been sent to me, with
a request to
make such
corrections as
it
might
require, I concluded
not merely to collate the words contained in this and other printed
and manuscript vocabularies, but
to ascertain, so far as possible, the
languages which had contributed to
it,
with the original Indian words.
This had become the more important, as
tribes
had led to ethnological
tially distinct families.
its
extended use by different
errors in the classing together of essen-
Dr. Sconler, whose vocabularies were
among
the earliest bases of comparison of the languages of the northwest
coast,
assumed a number of words, which he found indiscriminately
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PEEFACE.
VI
employed by the Nootkans of Vancouver Island, the Chinooks of the
Columbia, and the intermediate
tribes, to
belong alike to their several
languages, and exhibit analogies between
this idea,
among
them accordingly.*
On
other points of fancied resemblance, he founded his
family of Nootka-Columbians,
— one -which has been adopted by Drs.
Pritchard and Latham, and has caused very great misconception.
Not only are those languages entirely distinct, but the Nootkans
differ greatly in physical
The
and mental characteristics from the
tors to the
The
latter.
and the other native contribu-
analogies between the Chinook
Jargon are given hereafter.
origin of this Jargon, a conventional language similar to the
Lingua Franca of the Mediterranean, the Negro-English-Dutch of
Surinam, the Pigeon English of China, and several other mixed
Those
tongues, dates back to the fur droguers of the last century.
mariners whose enterprise in the fifteen years preceding 1800, explored
the intricacies of the northwest coast of America, picked up at their
general rendezvous, Nootka Sound, various native words useful in
barter,
lish,
and thence transplanted them, with additions from the Eng-
to the shores of Oregon.
Even before
their day, the coasting
trade and warlike expeditions of the northern tribes, themselves a sea-
had opened up a
faring race,
partial
understanding of each other's
speech; for when, in 1792, Vancouver's officers visited Gray's Harbor,
they found that the natives, though speaking a different language,
understood
On
many words
in 1806, the
new
evidently attained
party,
of the Nootka.
the arrival of Lewis and Clarke at the
some form.
however, that
Many more words
mouth of the Columbia,
language, from the sentences given by them, had
the
It
was with the
Jargon
received
its
of English were then brought
arrival
of Astor's
principal
in,
and
impulse.
for the first
time the French, or rather the Canadian and Missouri patois of the
French, was introduced.
The
principal seat of the
companv being
at
Chinook words was made, but a
considerable number was taken from the Chihalis, who imniedia'ely
Astcria, not only a large addition of
bordered that tribe on the north,
water Bay.
— each
The words adopted from
owning a portion of Shoal-
_the several
naturally enough, those most easily uttered by
all,
languages were,
except, of course,
new to the natives found their names in French or Engand such modifications wore made in pronunciation as suited
tongues accustomed to different sounds. Thus the gutturals of the
that objects
lish,
* Jouruiil Eoyn) Geographical Society of
London,
vol. xi., 1841.
;
:
VU
PEEFACE.
the/ and
Indians wfere softened or dropped; and
and
Gram-
r of the English
French, to them unpronounceable, were modified into
p
and
I.
matical forms were reduced to their simplest expression, and variations
mood and tense conveyed only by adverbs or by the context.
The language continued to receive additions, and assumed a more distinct and settled meaning, under the Northwest and Hudson's Bay
companies, who succeeded Astor's party, as well as through the
in
American
Oregon.
settlers in
advantage was soon perceived by
Its
the Indians, and the Jargon became to some extent a means of com-
munication between natives of different speech, as well as between
them and
the whites.
and Canadians.
It
It
was
was even used as such between Americans
at first
most in vogue upon the lower Colum-
bia and the Willamette, whence
it
the extension of trade, found
way
its
spread to Puget Sound, and with
far
up the
coast, as well as the
Columbia and Fraser rivers; and there are now few tribes between
the 42d and 57th parallels of latitude in which there are not to be
found interpreters through
its
medium.
Its prevalence
quisition, while of vast convenience to traders
and
and easy ac-
settlers,
has tended
greatly to hinder the acquirement of the original Indian languages
so
much
so, that
one of them
is
and Washington
in
except by a few missionaries and pioneers, hardly
spoken or understood by white
Territory.
Notwithstanding
men
its
in all
Oregon
apparent poverty
number of words, and the absence of grammatical forms, it posmuch more flexibility and power of expression than might
sesses
be imagined, and
really serves almost every purpose of ordinary in-
tercourse.
The number of words
ously stated.
Many
constituting the
Jargon proper has been
vari-
formerly employed have become in great meas-
ure obsolete, while others have been locally introduced.
not be intelligible at Astoria or on Puget Sound.
lowing selection, I have included
all
Thus, at
common which would
the Dalles of the Columbia, various terms are
In making the
fol-
those which, on reference to a
number of vocabularies, I have found
current at any of these places,
on the other hand, such as individuals, partially acquainted
with the native languages, have employed for their own convenience.
rejecting,
The
total
An
number
falls
a
little
short of five
hundred words.
analysis of their derivations gives the
Mowing
result
Chinook, including Clatsop
200
Chinook, having analogies with other languages.
Interjections
comnjon
to several
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21
8
:
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Vm
PKKFACE.
Nootka, including dialects
24
Chihalis, 32
39
;
Klikatat and
Nisqually, 7
2
Yakama
Cree
2
Chippeway (Ojibwa)
1
Wasco
,.
4
4
(probably)
Kalapuya (probably)
By
6
direct onomatopoeia
Derivation unknown, or undetermined
18
Canadian, 4
94
67
French, 90
;
English
I
had no opportunity of
original investigation into the I^ootka
proper, but from the few words in different published vocabularies,
and from some imperfect manuscript ones in my possession of the
Tokwaht, Nittinat, and Makah dialects, have ascertained the number
above given. Some of the unascertained words probably also belong
Neither was I able to collate the
to that language.
Wasco or KalaThe former,
puya, but have assigned them on the opinion of others.
also called Cathlasco, the dialect of the Dalles Indians, is
form of the Watlala or Upper Chinook.
With the
a corrupted
Chihalis,
Yakama,
and Klikatat, and the Nisqually, I had abundant means of comparison.
The
Chippeway words is of course due
None have been derived from the Spanish, as
with the Nootka and Makah Indians was too short
introduction of the Cree and
to the Canadians.
their intercourse
to leave an impression.
Spanish words, especially those relating to
horses or mules and their equipments, have of late
come
into geueral
use in Oregon, owing to intercourse with California, but they form no
part of the Jargon.
It
might have been expected from the number
by the Hudson's Bay company, and
of Sandwich Islanders introduced
long resident in the country, that the Kanaka element would have
found its way into the language, but their utterance is so foreign to
the Indian ear, that not a word has been adopted.
In the nouns derived from the French, the definite article
le, la,
has
almost in every instance been incorporated into the word, and the
same has in one or two instances been prefixed to nouns not of French
origin.
quite a
Besides the woVds created by direct onomatopceia, there are
number which
similarity of
are really Indian, but have their origin in the
sound to sense.
Dr. Scouler's analogy between the
Nootkan and
Chinook, was founded on the following words
" Columbian," oi
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PREFACE.
Setting aside interjections,
form to several adjoining
this
common
tribes,
in a
more or
less
modified
twenty-one words of those given in
vocabulary present noticeable analogies between the Chinook
and other native languages.
English,.
They
are as follows
:
—
ri4KFA0E.
XI
Makah
Sahaptin lauguages; and the Tokwaht (Tokwat), Nittinat, and
(Maka), quoted in the dictionary, are dialects of the Nootka (Nutka),
of which the Hailtzuk or Belbella (variously spelled Haeeltzuk and
Hailtsa)
is
probably the northern type.
two or three
It
thus appears that, with
exceptions, the analogies of the Chinook, as contained
in this vocabulary, are to
be sought in the immediately adjoining
tongues, or those of languages belonging to the same families with
them; that these
analogies, with perhaps one or
by no means be considered
rather adoption,
two exceptions, can
and that their correspondence, or
easily accounted for
is
of intermarriage.
radical,
by neighborhood and habits
A much more remarkable
that two words included in this Jargon,
coincidence
is
the fact
— one from the Nootkan,
Mawitch, a deer, venison ; and the other Chinook, Moolulc, an
are also to be found in the Kowilth, the language of
As
viz.,
elk,
Humboldt
bay was first discovered in the winter
of 1849-50, the words could not have been introduced by the fur
Bay, in California.
this
trappers.
"With regard to the form into which this dictionary has been
thrown, an explanation
is
necessary.
The Jargon must
in
some
degree be regarded as a written language, the orthography of which
is
In Mr. Hale's vocabulary alone has one more
English.
scientific
been attempted, and of several other printed, and numerous manuscript dictionaries in circulation,
with,
is
according to the French.
M.
Lionnet's alone,, that I have
Although no
met
fixed system of spell-
among them, I have therefore deemed it best to preserve
Jargon words that which most distinctly represents the com-
ing exists
for the
mon
English pronunciation ; while for the Indian derivations, I have
adopted that recommended by the Smithsonian Institution in
collect-
ing Indian vocabularies, using the Italian sounds of the vowels, and
German ich by M. This seemed the
work would thereby be rendered of practical use,
representing the guttural of the
more proper,
as the
independent of what philological value
it
may
possess.
In collating the words of the present work and obtaining their
derivations, I
whom
I
Victoria,
have been assisted by a number of friends; among
should specially mention Mr. Alexander C. Anderson, of
V.
I.,
and Mr. Solomon H. Smith, of Clatsop, Oregon.
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Bibliography of the Chinoolt Jargon.
By
Journal of Travels over the Rocky Mountains.
12mo. Ithaca, N.Y., 1838.
Rev. Samuel
Parker.
" Vocabulary of the
Chenook language,
as
spoken about Fort Van-
couver," pp. 336-338.
Ethnography and Philology of
By
ditiom
Horatio Hale.
the
United States Exploring Expe-
Philadelphia
4to.
:
&
Lea
Blanohard,
1846.
A vocabulaiy
of the " Jargon or Trade
an essay thereon, and phrases,
is
Language of Oregon," with
given iu this work, pp. 636-650.
Transactions of the American Ethnological Society.
New York:
In
vol.
ii.,
America,"
is
2
vols.,
Svo.
& Welford,
1845, 1848.
pp. 62-70, under title of " Hale's Indians of Northwest
Bartlett
a'partial reprint of the above.
Rev. Z. B. Z. Bolduc, "Mission de la Colombie."
Svo.
Quebec,
1843.
The Lord's Prayer in Jargon, " et quelques mots Tchinoucs et SneoThe Snohomish is a tribe of Puget Sound. The Chinook words
mus."
are merely Jargon.
Journal of Travels over
"
the
Rocky Mountains, &c.
Words used
in the
Palmer.
Chinook Jargon," pp. 147-152.
Adventures of the First Settlers on
By
&c.
By Joel
Cincinnati, 1847, 1852.
12mo.
Alexander Ross.
12mo.
tJie
Oregon or Columbia River,
London, 1849.
Ross gives a " Chinook Vocabulary," pp. 342-348, and words of the
His Chinook is, however, also impure.
dialect," p. 349.
"mixed
Ten Years in Oregon.
By
D. Lee and
F.
H. Frost.
12mo.
New
York, 1844.
"A
short vocabulary of the Clatsop dialect."
Jargon.
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This
is
likewise
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BiBUOGKAPHY OF THE CHINOOK JARGON.
Xiv
*
Collected
History, dc, of the Indian Tribes of the United States.
Philadelphia,
1851,
1-5.
4to.
Parts
Schoolcraft.
by Henry R.
1855.
Lieut. G. F.
Emmons
gives a brief "Klatsop Vocabulary" in Part
pp. 223, 224, which is of the same character.
Note 1 to article, " Philosophy of Utterance," Part V., pp. 548-551,
III.,
a " Vocabulary of the Chinook Jargon."
Vocabulary of the Jargon or Trade Language of Oregon.
Washington, 1853. pp. 22.
8vo.
English,
French, and Jargon.
Printed by the Smithsonian Institution, for private distribution.
Without
Northwest Coast;
IVie
Territory.
''
This
title-page.
A
By James
is
the one by M. Lionnet, before referred
to.
Three Year^ Residence in Washington
or,
G. Swan.
12mo.
New York:
Harpers, 1857.
vocabulary of the Chehalis and Chenook or Jargon Ls^guages,
with the derivation of the words used in the latter," pp. 412-422,
A
Complete Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon.
,and Chinook
— English.
24mo, pp. 24.
3d edition.
McCormick.
&c.
J.
To which
Several editions of this
I
have seen, in
Ouide-Book
1
is
—Chinook,
English
added numerous conversations,
Portland, Oregon
:
work have been published
published by S.
;
the last which
862.
to the
Gold Regions of Frazer River. With a
24mo, pp. 55. New York, 1858.
map
of
the different routes, &c.
A
vocabulary of the Jargon, pp. 45-55.
The Chinook Jargon and English and French Equivalent Forms.
In "Steamer Bulletin," San Francisco, June 21, 1858.
Contains an unarranged vocabulary of 354 words and phrases.
The Canoe and
Boston
"
A
:
Ticknor
&
the
Saddle.
By
Theodore Winthrop.
partial vocabulary of the
Chinook Jargon," pp. 299-r302.
History of the Oregon Territory, dc.
London, 1846.
"
A
12mo.
1863.
Fields.
By
John Dunn.
2d
edition.
few specimens of the language of the Millbank and Chinook
Chinook tribe: SO words and phrases, including digits.
tribes.''
These words, as usual, are
in great part
"Jargon," and belong to the
Nootkan, not to the Chinook.
Besides the above, one, of which I have not the title before me, has
been published by Mr. A. C. Anderson, and several in the newspapers
of
Oregon and Washington Territory.
FART
I.
OHIJOOK-EI^GILISH.
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Note.
—The
references,
" Hale," "Cook," "Jewitt," are respectively to
Hale's " Ethnology of the United States Exploring Expedition," " Cook's Voyages," and " Jewitt's Narrative."
The others, as "Anderson," "Pandosy,"
" Shaw," " Tolmie,'' are from manuscript notes of those gentlemen in posses-
sion of the trriter.
'
;!
DIOTIONART
A
CHINOOK JARGON.
PART
CHINOOK—ENGLISH.
I.
A.
Ah-ha,
adv.
simple assent.
Ah'n-kut-te,
Common to
On Puget
various
Yes.
tribes.
Expiession
of
Sound, e-^h.
Ahn-kot-tie, adv. Chinook, Ankutti. ForWith the accent prolonged .on the first syl-
or
merly ; before now.
Ex. Ahnkutte lakit sun, four days ago
a long time ago.
lable,
Tenas ahnkutte, a
Al-ah,
while since.
little
Ex.
Expression of surprise.
interj.
Alah mika chahko
ah, yovUve come!
Chinook, Alkbkh.
Al-kie, adv.
hold on ;
Al'-ta, adv.
Chinook, Altakij.
A-mo'-te,
Chinook,
An-ah,
n.
An
interj.
preciation.
Ex.
Amutb
younger than
Nov) ; at
Clatsop,
;
Anah nawitka mika
On Puget
Chinook, idem
n.
in a
little
while;
the present time.
Kiabot^.
The strawberry.
exclamation denoting pain, displeasure, or de-
are without shame.
Ats,
Presently;
not so fast.
halo shem, ah, indeed you
Sonnd, Ad-de-dah.
A
Yakama, Atse (Pandosy).
;
In the original, only
the speaker.
sister
when used by her
brother.
A-yah-whul, v. Chihalis, Atahwul.
Ay-keh-nam. See Eh-kah-nam.
To lend; borrow.
B.
B6-be,
n.,
v:
French.
A
word
usedi towards children
A
repetition pf the first syllable of Baiser.
Bed,
n.
English, idem.
Bit, or Mit,
Bloom,
n.
n.
A
;
;
probably a
to hiss.
bed.
English, Bit.
English,
kiss
Broom.
A
A
dime or
broom.
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shilling.
Mamook
bloom,
to sweep.
;
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DICTIONART OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
2
Boat,
A
English, idem.
n.
Bos'-ton,
An
adj.
«.,
boat, as distinguished
American; American.
from the hailing-place of the
Boston
illahie,
from a canoe.
A
name
derived
trading-ships to the Pacific.
first
the United States.
Bur-dash, «. Can. French, Bbkdache (Anderson). An hermaphrodite.
The reputation of hermaphroditism is not uncommon
with Indians, and seems to attach to every malformation of the
organs of generation. The word is of very limited use.
c.
A
Cal'-li-peen, n. French, Carabine.
rifle.
canoe.
Canim
Ca-nim, n. Chinook, Ekanim.
A
stick, the cedar,
wood from which canoes are usually made.
Ca-po', n. French, Capot. A coat.
or
Chah'-ko,
come
Chahko
?
n.
adv., adj.
nika ko,
kloshe, to get well.
n.
Lately ; just now ; new.
Hyas
arrived.
Ohet'-lo, or Jet'-lo, n.
on the lower Columbia.
eagle (by onoma.), from
on the lower Columbia.
local use
Chinook, T'shi.
/ have just
Chet-WOOt,
The bald
Chinook, idem.
Of only
scream.
Chee,
Ex. Kansih mika chahko? when did you
to become.
Chak-chak,
its
Nootka, Clayoquot, Chako; Tokwaht, Tchokwa.
v.
To come;
Chktlokh.
Chihalis,
Chee
chee, entirely neto.
A
Nisqually, idem.
An
black bear.
oyster.
Used
Used only on
Puget Sound.
Chik'-a-min, n., adj. Tokwaht, Tsikamen; Nootka, Sickaminny
(Jewitt); Seekemaile (Cook).
Iron; metal; metallic.
T'kope
chikamin, silver;
pil
chikamin, gold or copper.
Chikamin
lope,
wire; a chain.
Chik-chik.
See Tsik-tsik.
Chil-chil.
Chitsh,
Chope,
n.
Chihalis,
n.
A
Tshup.
Nisqually, idem.
Nootka,
Salt chuck, the
grandmother.
grandfather.
A flea.
Used on Puget Sound.
C^xklk, fresh watei- (Jewitt)
Clatsop, Tl'chukw.
Water; a river
sea; skookum chuck, a rapid; soUeks
Chauk (Cook)
Chinook, Tltsuk (Shortess)
or stream.
A
Chihalis, Tshitsh.
n.
n.
Cho'-tub,
Chuck,
See Tsil-tsil.
;
;
chuck, a rough sea; chuck chahko or kalipi, the tide tises or falls;
and keekwillie chuck, high and low tide.
saghilli
Ohuk-kin,
n., v.
Chihalis,
Tsukasn.
To
kick.
Of local
use only.
;
PART
—ENGLISH.
CHINOOK
I.
Glose. See Elose.
Oly, V. English. To cry.
Cole, adj. English, Cold.
waum
cole sick
Comb,
comb
A
English.
n.
illahie, to
Coo'-ley,
run
to
Coop'-COOp,
See
yahka hyas kumtuks
comb;
mamook
To run.
Cooley
to
cooley, he can,
i.e.,
well.
The smaller
dentalium or
sized
Hykwa.
A hog;
French, CocHON.
Chinook, Kaltas.
Cul'-tus, adj.
pork.
Siwash cosho, a seai;
a present or free
gift ; cultus heehee,
ing; cultus nannitsh, to
do nothing;
good for nothing
Worthless ;
Ex. Cultus man, a worthless fellow; cultus pot-
without purpose.
to
Mamook comb,
Indian pig.
literally,
latch,
comb.
Chinook, idem.
n.
money.
n.
winter; icht cole, a year
French, Courez, imp. of Courik.
V.
knows how
Co'-sho,
illahie,
and ague.
harrow.
kiuatan, a race-lwrse;
shell
Cole
sick, the fever
3
loot;
cultus klatawa, to stroll.
want ? Ans. Cultus,
a
jest ;
around ; cultus
merely laugh-
mitlite, to sit idle;
Ques,
What do you
nothing.
i. e.,
D.
De-late,
or
De-lett,
ddj.,
wauwau,
Di-aub,
Yaub,
D'ly, or De-ly,
Doc'-tin,
n.
Straight ; direct
delett
devil.
Sometimes
Lejaub.
Dry.
Chahko
dely, to become
dry;
v. a.
English.
Dol'-Ia, or Tah-la,
article, as
English,
adj.
dely, to dry,
The
French, Diable.
n.
used combined with the
mamook
French, Droite,
the truth.
tell
or
adv.
Ex. Klatawa delett, go straight ;
without equivocation.
A doctor.
English.
».
dolla, silver; pil dolla,
A
dollar;
gold; dolla siaghost,
money.
Chikamin
spectacles.
E.
Eh-kah-nam,
«.
Chinook, Ekanam.
A
tale or story.
Used only
on the Columbia river. Often erroneously pronounced Ay-keh-nam.
Eh-ko-li, n. Chinook, Ekoli. A whale.
Ee'-na,
wood),
».
tlie
Chinook, Iina.
A braver.
willow.
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Eena
stick (literally, beavet
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DICTIONAET OF THE CHINOOK JAKGON.
4
Ee'-na-poo, or In-a-poo,
A
Chinook, Inapu.
n.
Sopen
louse.
inapoo, a fiea.
Ek'-keh,
Mamook
alms.
brother-in-law.
Chihalis,
n.
Aid;
YSlaan.
assistance;
elann, to help.
Chihalis, Ilip.
E'-lip, or El'-ip, adv.
Klatawa eM^, go
lative.
A
Chinook, Ekkb.
n.
E'-la-han, or E-lann,
before
The
First; before.
clip lolo
;
chuck,
carry water; elip kloshc, 6es<; elip tilikum, n.
m
super-
the first place
(literally,
the.first
a race of beings who inhabited the world before the Indians.
A slave.
E-li'-te, n. Chinook, Ilaitekh.
Indian corn or
Wasco.
Probably
n.
E-salt'h, or Ye-salt'h,
people),
maize.
G.
Get-up,
Glease,
very fat
or
Ket-op,
«'.
To get up ;
English.
too-toosh glease, butter.
;
rise.
Fat, grease, or
English, Greasb.
«.
Hyeu
oil.
glease,
See, also, Lakibs.
H.
Hah-lakl,
Chinook, Halael.
adj.
Wide;
open.
Ex.
Mamook
hahlakl la pote, open the door; chahko hahlakl (as of the woods),
to
open out; become
Haht-haht, n.
Hak-at-shum,
less dense.
Nisqually,
n.
Hathat.
English.
A
The mallard duck.
handkerchief.
Quaere u. d. not Chinook. None; absent. Q. Halo
salmon mika ? have you no fi^h ? A. Halo, none.
Q. Kah mika
papa? where is your father? A. Halo, he is out.
Halo wind,
'Ha'-lo, adj.
breathless;
Haul,
verb
V.
dead; halo glease, Zean y halo
English, idem.
mamook
Hee'-hee,
;
n.
Cultus heehee,
a)iy place
Hoh-hoh,
as,
By
To haul or
mamook
ikta,
pull,
^or;
destitute.
"Used with the active
haul.
onoma., Hihi (Hale).
fun ; mamook heehee,
to
Laughter, amusement.
amuse ; heehee house,
of amusement, as a tavern, bowling-alley, &c.
Chinook (by onoma.), Hokhhokh. To cough.
H6-ku-inelh, v. Chihalis, idem. To gather; to glean, as grain.
Of local use.
Hool-hool, n. Chinook, Kholkhol; Klikatat. Khoilkhoii.. A
mouse. Hyas hoolhool, a rat.
n., V.
;
PART
House,
A
English,
n.
CHINOOK
I.
—ENGLISH.
5
Mahkoolc house,
house.
store;
i^r.
Boston
house, an American-built house, as distinguished from a lodge.
Howh,
Tarn
Haukii.
interj.
How'-kwutl,
to; hurry.
Hul-lel',
V.
mamook,
as,
Hul-o-i-ma,
huloima, very
Other; ano titer
tilikum, a different tribe or people ; hyaa
different.
Humm
Hunl'-kih,
?
Chinook, S'hulloyiba.
A
Jargon.
»., V.
word.
hullel, it
adj.
Huloima
Ex.
different.
Humm,
maniook
«.,
expression of in-
how could I go ?
shake.
Used with the verb
becomes active.
Howkwutl nika klatawa
n.
Chinook, idem.
To
Ex.
ability.
An
Chinook, Haukatlh.
adv.
An
stink or smell ; to stink.
invented
opootsh,,a s^mbA.
Chinook, Hunlkekh.
adj.
Curled or curly; knotted;
crooked.
Huy-huy,
change ;
».,
A
Canadian French, Hui-hui.
v.
to barter
or trade.
Ex.
Huyhuy
bargain or
ex-
change the saddle ;
la sille,
huyhuy tumtum, to change one's mind. Mr. Anderson says this is
a cant word of the Canadians, signifying a hasty exchange. Its
origin has been suggested in oui oui, yes yes.
Hwah, or Hwah-vra, intei-j.
Denotes surprise or ad-miration
;
also
earnestness.
Hy'-ak,
adv., also used as imperative.
Chinook, Ai-ak.
Swift;
Probably corrupted from the following.
Large;
fast; quickly; hurry; make haste.
Sy-SiS',
adj., adv.
great; very.
The
general term for
Hyas
size.
tyee,
a great
chief,;
hyas mahcook, a great price ; dear; hyas ahnkutte, a long time
ago ; hyas kloshe, very good.
Hy-iu,
w., ac/y.
also gives
Term
enough.
many
Nootka, Iyahish (Jewitt); Tokwaht, AiYA.
Hyo
as the
name
for
Much; many;
ten.
of quantity or multitude.
people; hyiu Ta.ncka,mMck, plenty
Hyiu
to eat;
tilikum, a
crowd
tenas hyiu, some;
hyiu, not many or not much.
Hy'-a-kwa, n. Nootka, Haihwa
The dentaliiim ; the shell money or wampum of
a,
Jewitt
plenty;
few ; wake
Hy'-kwa,
It is
or
(i-whaw, Jewitt).
the Pacific coast.
used in strings of a fathom long; shells of not more than forty
to the
fathom being of
full size,
and the value increasing in propor-
The
smaller sizes are called coop-coop (q. v.).
These shells were formerly obtained by the Indians of the west
tion to'fheir length.
coast of
Vancouver Island, and passed in barter as low down
and eastward to the Blackfoot country.
California,
PD Books
as
PD Commons
DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
I.
Ik'-kik,
mamook
the door ;
ikpooie, to
Ikt man, a
there one ; ikt nika
Ikpooie la pote, shut
shut.
surround; ikpooie kwillan, deaf.
One ;
Chinook, Ikht.
adj.
indefinite article.
and
To
Chinook, Ikhpui.
v.
Ikt, or Icht,
here
A fish-hook.
Chinook, Ikkik.
n.
Ik-poo!-ie,
man;
Used
once.
also as the
man, some one or other;
ikt- ikt
klatawa kopa yakka house,
/ have
been
once to his house.
iktah
mika
Ik-tall,
tikegh,
From
n.
clothing.
Ilj'iu
same word
for
Iktah okook, what
What.
Chinook, Ikta.
Ik'-tah, pron.
what do you want ? iktah,
A
the foregoing.
what and
for things,
trifles.
is
that ?
what now ?
thing; goods;
many
tenas iktah, a great
well,
merchandise;
The use
of the
has been noticed in some other
languages of this coast.
n'-la-hie,
Tipso
n.
illahie,
Chinook, Ilaheku.
heaven; hyiu illahie kopa, dirty
In'-a-ti, or
river ;
Een-a-ti,
klatawa
Ip'-SOOt,
ground;
of.
much
(literally,
the earth;
dirt.
dirt u/wn).
Chinook, Inatai.
prep., adv.
on the other side
site to ;
Tlie
prairie; saghallie illahie, mountains, or high land;
Across; oppo-
Inati chuck, on the other side of the
inati, to cross over.
To
Chinook, Alhupso.
V. a., V. n.
thing; to keep secret.
Ipsoot klatawa,
hide one's
to steal off;
self,
or any
ipsoot wau-wau,
to whisper.
Is'-ick, n.
Chinook, Isik.
Is'-ick stick, n.
A paddle.
Mamook
Chinook and English.
The
isick, to
ash.
paddle.
Literally,
pad-
dle-wood.
Is'-kum, V. Chinook, idem. To take; take hold of; hold; get.
Iskumx)kook lope, hold on to tJiat rope; mika na iskum ? did you
get it?
It'-lan, or It'h-lan, «.
Chinook, Ithlana.
A fathom ;
the length
of the extended arms.
It'-lo-kum,
n.
Chinook, idem
;
Chihalis,
"hand,"— a, common amusement.
Itl'-wil-lie, n.
Konaway nika
Chinook, Etlwiu.
itlwillie sick, all
Its'-WOOt, or Its'-hoot,
n.
Setlokum.
Mamook
Tlie
game of
itlokum, to gamble.
The flesh; meat of any animal.
my flesh
\'
ts sore.
Chinook, Eitshhut.
Itshoot paseesie, thick dark cloth or blankets.
A
black bear.
PART
I.
—
CHINOOK
^ENGLISH.
K.
Kah,
Chinook, Kaeh.
adv.
here
Where; wMthei- ; whence.
Kah mika
where do you live? konaway kah, everywhere; kah-kah,
mitlite?
and
there.
Kah'-kah,
Chinook and Nisqually (by onoma.), Skaka.
n.
A
crow.
Kah-kwa,
[is]
my
LiJce; similar to;
Nootka; Tokwaht, Achko.
Kahkwa nika tumtum, so I think (literally, such
adv.
equal with;
as.
heart)
kahkwa hyas
;
Kah'-na-way,
Chinook, T'kana^wS.
n.
Used only on the Columbia
the oak.
Eahp-ho,
Chinook, idem.
n.
kahkwa
nika, as large as I;
as if; kloshe kahkwa, that is right; good
An
spose,
so.
Acorns.
Kahnaway
stick,
river.
elder brother, sister, or cousin.
Kah.-ta, adv. Chinook, Kata. How; why. Kahta mika mamook
okook? why do you do that? kahta mika chahko? how did you
come? kahta mika? what is the matter with you? pe kahta? and
why so ?
Eal-ak-a-lah-ma,
Chinook, Okalakalama.
n.
on the lower Columbia
Kal-a-kwah-tie,
n.
A
goose.
Used
river.
Chinook, Kalakwati
;
Clatsop,
The inner bark of the cedar (thuja) ; the petticoat, or
worn hy women, and often made of strands of bark.
Kl'whklatl.
skirt, fiyrmerly
Kalakwahtie
stick, the cedar-tree.
Ea-li'-tau,
An
Chinook, Tklaitan.
».
arrow; shot; a
bullet.
Ealitan le sac, o quiver; a shot-pouch.
Kal-lak'-a-la, or Kul-luk'-ul-la,
n.
Chinook, Kalakala.
A
bird.
Kam-aSB,
or
La-kam-a$s,
n.
The
Nootka.
bulbous root used for food by the Indians.
as the
Nootka
Kam-ooks,
like
Scilla esculenta,—a
Jewitt gives
Chamass
for fruit, also for sweet, or pleasant to the taste.
Chinook, Klkabokes.
n.
A
dog.
Kahkwa kamooks,
a dog ; beastly.
Ka-mo'-suk,
n.
Chinook, idem.
Beads.
Tyee kamosuk
(chiei
beads), the large blue glass beads.
Quaere u. d.
To steal. Kapsualla klatawa, to steal
away ; kapsualla mamook, to do secretly.
Kat-Suk, or Eot-Suk, n. Chinook, idem. The middle or centre
Eap-SU-al-la.
of any thing.
Kau'-py,
n.
English.
Cofee.
PD Books
;
'
PD Commons
DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
8
Ka-wak,
Kaw-ka-'wak,
Chinook,
adj.
Kee-kwil-lie, prep.
to set
Chinook,
A needle;
dosy).
in general use.
Yellow, or pale green.
Low;
below; under;
keekwillie, to lower; mitlite keekwillie,
in the sense of "
Not used
down; put under.
Keep'-WOt, «.
Kakawak.
Chinook, Kik'hwili.
Mamook
beneath; down.
Not
To fly.
Kauak.
Chihalis,
I'.
Okw^powa
the stinff
down
stream."
Yakama, Kapus, a pinfJPan-
;
Shoes keepwot,
of an insect ; a thorn.
an awl.
Keh'-loke, n. Chinook, idem. A swan. Of local use only.
Keh'-see, or Ki'-su, n. Chinook, EKfiso. An apron.
Eeh-vra, adv. Queere u. d. Because. Not in common use.
Kel'-a-pi, or Ea-la-pi, v. Chinook, Kelapai. To turn; return;
Kelapi canim, to upset a canoe; hyak kelapi,
overturn; upset.
come bach quickly ; kelapi kopa house, go hack
mook
bring, send, or carry hack;
kelapi, to
to the
kela|>i
•
matnmtnm, to
house
change one^s mind.
Kes'-chi, or Eeh-tsie. Chinook, Kckhtsi (Anderson). NotwithKeschi yakka mamook kahkwa, although he
standing ; although.
did
so.
Not
common
in
use.
A kettle;
Ket'-ling, or Kit'-ling, «. English.
Eil-it'-sut, n. Chinook, Okwiliktshut.
Eim'-ta, or Eim-tah',
afterwards; last;
yakka kimtah,
ice.
bottle; glass.
Chinook, Kimta. Behind; after;
Klatawa kimtah, ^o JeAijwi; nika elip, pe
and he afterwards; okook kimtah, the one
prep.
since.
/ first,
behind; kimtah nika nannitsh mika, since
King Chautsh,
can; basin,
Mint; a
adj.
English,
I saw
you.
Kino George.
English.
King
chautshman, an Englishman.
Ki'-UOOtl, or Ei'-uoos,
Kish-kLsh,
Kiu'-a-tan,
Chinook, Ekainutl.
n.
Chinook, idem.
v.
n.
To
Tobacco.
Chinook, Ikiuatan.
drive, as cattle or horses.
Cooley kiuatan, a race-horse
stone kiuatan, a stallion.
Wasco, Kaiwa (Shaw). Crooked. Of only local use.
Kaiyakh. Entrails.
Kl{lh, adj. Chinook, Klakh. Free or clear from ; in sight. Ex.
Chee yakka klah, now he is in sight ; klatawa klah, to escape, as a
prisoner; chahko klah (of seed), to come up; (of the woods), to
Ki'-wa,
adj.
Ki'-yah',
n.
Chihalis,
open out; (of the weather),
to clear
up; mamook
Mr. Anderson gives as the original meaning,
Klah-hanie', or Elagh-anie',
doors;
out; without.
out; klatawa klaghanie,
Ex.
io
adv.
klah, to uncover.
open out or appear.
Chinook, Klakhani.
Mamook
go out.
to
Out
o;
klaghanie okook, put that
.
PART
CHINOOK
I.
9
?;NGIJSH.
Kla'-hO'W-ya. The ordinary salutation at meeting or parting.
How do you do? good-bye; as, klahowya sikhs, good-bye, friend.
Kla-how-yum, adj., n. Chinook, KlahAuia. Poor; miserable;
wretched; compassion.
Ex. Hyas klahowyum nika, / am very
poor; mamook klahowyum, to take pity on; give alms; be generous.
The
some whining
salutation above given probably originated in
reply to the
first
whites, and a distinction has since arisen
the two modes of spelling, which
Klah-vra,
Chinook,
adv.
is,
between
however, purely arbitrary.
Klawakh.
Slow;
Ex. Kla-
slowly.
tawa klahwa, go slowly.
Elak,
Chinook, Klakw.
adv.
[To
sta
Ex.
off.
klak
Mamook
or Kluk'-sta, pron.
mamook okook? who made
Chinook, Tlehl.
adj.
Ex. Klak-
or did that? halo klaksta, no one.
Klak-vrun, or Kleh-kvran, v. Chihalis, Klakwun.
lick.
Klakwun I'assiette, to wipe a plate.
Klale, or T'klale,
klak
I'assiette, take off
klak kopa waybut, get out of the road.
Chinook, T'kluksta.
the plates;
Elak-sta,
take]
mamook
•stone kiuatan, to castrate a horse;
To
wipe, or
Black, or dark blue, or
green.
Klap,
To
Chinook, Klap.
V.
Mika na klap mika
Ex.
find.
kiuatan ? did you find your horse ? klap tenas,
Kla'-pite,
Chinook, Klipait.
n.
Klas-ka, or Elus'-ka,
pron.
Thread ;
to be
with child.
twine.
Chinook, Kluska.
They;
thine;
them.
Klat'-a-wa,
ouKH.
To
Nootka,
v.
kopa kiuatan,
Klatturwah
Klatawa teahwit,
go.
Wrfe; klatawa
to
to
(Jewitt); Nittinat, Klatwalk; go on foot; klatawa
kopa boat,
/o to»7;
mamook
klatdwa,
to send.
Kla-whap,
Chinook, Klhuap.
n.
A
Mamook
hole.
klawhap,
to
dig a hole.
Klem'-a-hmi,
to
cast as
samun,
v.
Chihalis, idem.
a spear;
/ spear
to
To
stab;
to
hook or gore as an
ox.
salmon.
Klihl, or Klilt, adj. Chinook, Klihl.
use.
Mr. Hale makes it Klitl, sour.
Elik'-a-muks,
wound; to dart;
Nika klfemahun
Bitter.
Chinook, Klikabuks.
n.
Not
of universal
Blackberries,
or
more
properly dewberries.
Klik'-wal-lie, or Kloke'-wal-lie. Chinook, Klikwali. Brass
wire; an armlet or bracelet of brass wire.
Mr. Anderson gives the
original
meaning
as simply brass.
PD Books
PD Commons
niCTIONAET OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
10
Klim-in'-a-whit, n., v. Chinook, Kliminawhut. A lie; to lie.
Hyas tumtuks kliminawliit, he is a great liar (literally, he kmnos
well how to lie).
Klim'-min, or Klimmin-klimmin, adj. Chinook, TkleminSoft; fine in substance.. The reduplication denotes the
Ex. Klimmin
diminutive, but in jargon it is generally used singly.
TKLKMiN.
sapoleel, /OM!-;
klimmin
mud; marshy ground; mamook
illahie,
klimmin, to soften as hy dressing a shin.
Klip, adj. Chinook, Kblipk Chihalis, Kluputl Nisqually, Klep.
Deep; sunken. Klip chuck, deep water; klip sun, sunset.
Klis'-kvass, n. Chinook, idem. A mat.
Klogh-klogh, n. Chinook, Oklokhklo. Oysters. The word is
common to the Puget Sound tribes, as well as to the Chinooks.
;
;
Klo-nass,
adv.
Expression of uncertainty or doubt.
Chinook, idem.
Perhaps; I dorUt know; may
the Spanish qui^n sabe.
Q.
go.
/ donH
be so;
who knows?
Equivalent to
I shall
Ex. Elonass nika klatawa, perhaps
Kah mika kahpho?
where
is
A. Elonass,
your brother ?
know.
Klone, adj. Chinook, Tklon. Three.
Klook, ac^y. English. Crooked. 'KXodk tek\i-vi\i, broken legged ; lame.
Klootch-man, n. Nootka and Tokwaht, Klutsma. A woman ; a
Tenas klootshman, a
female of any animal.
atan,
'Klose, OT 'Sloths,
adj.,
Nootka; Tokwaht, Klohtl'; Makah,
Good; well; well enough.
Kloshe
adv.
Klotei-o; Nisqually, Klob.
nannitsh, look out; take care
let
me.
klugh
or
hyas kloshe, very
good that
Klugh-klugh.
illahie, to
plough
well.
English, Suppose.
;
Ex. Klose-spose nika
that ? (literally, \is it\
Klugh,
;
Nootka, Klohtl
Klose-spose.
I;
klootchman kiu-
^'iri ;
o mare.
mamook
I make
pia
cook that
Chinook, Klukh.
(literally, to tear the
Kluk-Tllh', or Klak-alh', adj.
wide' as of a plank.
Chihalis,
Shall or
okook ?
shall
may
I cook
?).
To
tear.
Mamook
ground).
Tlukutlh.
Broad
or
Ko,
V.
Chinook, idem.
To reach; arrive at. Chee klaska ko, they
have just some; kansih nesika ko kopa Nisqually? when shall we
reach Nisqually.
Ko'-ko,
v.
Chinook (by onoma.).
To knock.
Koko
stick,
a wood-
Klaokwat, Kwachitl.
In the
pecker.
Kok'-shut,
V.
original, rfmrf.
to pieces.
Nootka, Kakhshktl
To break ; broken;
;
to beat.
Hyas kokshut,
6ro*fn
;
PAET
Kon'-a-way,
CHINOOK
I.
Chinook,
adj.
—ENGLISH.
Kanaw£.
konaway kah, everywhere.
Koo'-sah, or Ko-sah, n.
All;
Klaska kon-
every.
konaway
away klatawa, they have all gone;
11
tilikum, everybody;
The
Chinook, Ekosakh.
Only
shy.
used on the Columbia.
Ko'-pa,
arfa.,
To; in; at; with; towards;
Chinook, idem.
^rep.
of; about; concerning ; there or in that place. Ex. Kopa nika house,
at my house; lolo okook kopa mika, take that home with you
cultus kopa ni^, it is nothing
(equivalent to the French cliez vous)
;
to
me.
Q.
Kah okook
lope
where
!
is
that rope ?
A. (motioning
with the chin towards the place) Kopah.
To stop; leave off; enough.
Chinook, idem.
Ko-pet', v., adv.
Kopet wau-wau, stop talking; kopet ikt, only one; kopet okook,
that's all; wake siah kopet, nearly finished; kopet tomalla, day
after to-morrow.
To tie; to fasten. Kow mika kiuaChinook, Kau-kau.
your horse ; ikt kow, a bundle.
Kull, adj. Chinook, K'nuL-K'nuL. ITard in substance; difficult.
Chahko kull, to become hard; mamook kull, to harden; to cause to
Kow,
V.
tan, tie
become hard ; hyas kull spose mamook,
kull stick, oak or
it is
very hard to do so;
any hard wood.
Kul-lagh', or Kiil-lagh'-au, n. Chihalis, Kullakh ; Lummi, KulA fence; a cotral, or inclosure. KuUagh Stick, fence
LUKHAN.
rails.
In the original, it meant the stockade with which Indian
houses are often surrounded.
Kum'-tuks,
or
Kame-taks,
Tokwaht, KuMiTUKs
;
with; imagine;
be acquainted
v.
Nootka,
Clayoquot, Kemitak.
believe.
plain; teach; hyas kumtuks solleks
Kommetak
(Jewitt);
To know ; understand
Mamook
(literally,
kumtuks,
to ex-
well to understand
anger), to be passionate; kopet kumtuks, to forget; halo kumtuks,
stupid; without understanding ; (of a horse) hyas yakka kumtuks
knows well to run) ; kumtuks
cooley, he can run fast (literally, he
kliminawhit,
tyee,
/ know
to be
a liar;
to
understand lying; nika kumtuks okook
that chief; nika
kumtuks Klikatat wau-wau,
/ under-
stand the Klikatat language.
Kun'-a-moxt,
adj.
Chinook,
Konaway
moxt.
Both;
together
Kunamoxt kahkwa, both alike.
Kun'-sih, Ean'-sih, Euu'-jnk, Kun'-jie, adv. Chinook, KunsfiVKH.
How many; when; ever. Kunsih tilikum mitlite2 how
many people are there ? kunsih mika klatawa ? when do you go ?
wake kunsih, never; mamook kunsih, to count.
(literally, all two).
PD Books
PD Commons
DICTIONAKY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
12
Kush'ris,
Not
Kwah'-ne-sum,
Always;
KwAnisum
Yakama, Kwalisim.
;
forever.
K'wah-llice,
Kwahta,
in general use.
Chinook,
adv.
In the original, any
Stockings.
Chihalis, Koshis.
n.
elastic article of dress.
Kwaddis. A whale.
The quarter of a dollar. The quarter of
usually expressed in Jargon by tenas sitkum, i. e., a
Klikatat,
n.
English.
n.
any number
is
small half.
See Yakwahtin.
Chinook, Kwaitst.
adj.
Kwah'-tin.
Kwaist,
Mne.
Kweest,
or
To
Kwa-lal'-kwa-lal', v. Chinook, Kwullil-kwullil.
K'wal'h, n. Chihalis, Kwatlh. An aunt.
Kweiun,
Chinook,
adj.
Anderson,
it
Kwan-kwan.
means a custom or
According to Mr.
Glad.
habit.
gallop.
used by some in
It is
this
Kwal
sense as tamed or broken, as of a horse (McCormick).
is
Nisqually for tame.
HJwasa,
Chinook, idem.
adj.
n.,
Mamook
Fear; afraid; tame.
kwass, to frighten; to tame.
Kivates,
Evrehts,
or
K^weh-kweh,
adj.
Chinook,
n.
Chihalis,
Kwets.
Okw^kwe
Sour.
A
(by onoma.).
Used chiefly at mouth of the Columbia.
Kwek-Tvi-ens, n. Chihalis, idem. A pin. Of limited
mallard
duck.
KAVeo-kweo,
Evretlh,
Chinook, T'kweo-kweo.
n.
Chihalis, idem.
adj.
A ring ;
(Anderson.)
Proud.
a
use.
circle.
Not
in gen-
eral use.
K'win'-uum, adj. Chinook, Kwenem. Five.
Kvrish, or Kweesh, interj. Eefusing any thing contemptuously.
Equivalent to "No you don't." Used on the lower Columbia.
K'wit'-shad-ie,
n.
Kwutshdie.
Nisqually,
The hare or
rabbit.
Confined to Puget Sound.
KvTO-lann', or Kwo-lah'-nie, n. Chihalis, KwolAn ; Nisqually,
KwiLANi. The ear. Halo kwolann, or, ikpooie kwolann, deaf.
Kwulh,
Kwiilt,
or
v.
with an arrow or gun;
manner without
Kwun'-Uim,
kwunnun,
Kwutl,
n.
adj.
Chihalis, idem.
Of merely
Chinook, idem.
;
hit;
to
wound
with a stick or stone; or in any
cutting ; to hit.
to count.
as in packing
To
Chinook, Kwult'h.
to strike
hyas
mamook
A count ; numbers.
Ex.
Mamook
local use.
Literally, /ow<.
To push
kwutl, haul tight.
or squeeze.
PAET
CHINOOK
I.
13
ENGLISH.
L.
Iia-bleed',
Lia-boos',
Moxt
A bridle.
La bride.
La bouche.
French,
n.
French,
n.
The mouth; mouth of a
river
laboos, the forks of a river.
La bouteille. A bottle.
La oarottb. A carrot.
La-ca-set', n. French, La casettb. A box, trunk, or
La-clo-a, «. French, La croix. A cross.
Lagh, V. Chinook, Lakh. To lean; to tip, as a boat ;
La-boo-ti',
n.
French,
La-ca-lat',
n.
French,
bend over, as a
tree.
Wake mika
chest.
to stoop;
to
lagh kopa okook house, donH lean
against that house.
Xia-gome,
La gomme.
French,
n.
La gome
Pitch; glue.
stick,
light-wood; the pitch-pine.
La-gwln', or La-lcween',
La-hal. See Slahal.
Quaere u.
n.
A saw.
d.
Ijahb, n. French, L'hebbe. The arbutus uva ursi, the leaves of
which are used in smoking, alone or mixed with tobacco.
La-hash, n. French, La hache. An axe or hatchet.
La-kam-mas'. See Kamass.
Iiak'-it, or Lok'-it, adj.
Chinook, Lakt.
'
Four; four
tinies.
Lakit taht-lelum, forty.
La'-kles,
Iia-lah,
La
French,
n.
Fat ;
graissb.
To
Chinook, Lakhwhola.
V.
Mamook
lalah, to
See, also, Glbase.
oil.
cheat ; fool ; to practise jokes.
make fun.
Iia-lahm', or Ija-lum',
French,
n.
An
La rame.
oar.
Mamook
lalahm, to row.
!La-laug,
French,
».
Iia-leem',
n.
La langue.
La limb.
French,
'
The tongue; a.language.
A file.
La-iuesse', n. French, idem. The ceremony of the mass.
iLa-mes-tin, or Iia-mo-tchin, n. French, La MfiDEciuB.
cine,
Mede-
not including magic.
liam'-mi-eh, or Xiam-mi-i,
French,
n.
La
vibille.
An
old
tuoman.
Iia-mon-ti, or La-mo-ti,
La-peep',
(litprally,
n.
French,
La
n.
French,
pipe.
A
La montagne.
tobacco-pipe.
A mountain.
Lapeep kullakala
the "pipe-bird"), the band-tailed eagle, as
its
feathers
were used to ornament the pipe stems.
La-pehsh,
«.
French,
La
perche.
boat or canoe.
PD Books
A
pole
;
the setting-pole
of a
PD Commons
DIcriONAEY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
14
La-pel-lah,
Quiere
v.
from the French, Lb foyer.
if
Mamook
lapellah, to roast before the fire.
La-pelle',
La pelle. A
La piochb.
French, La pifiGE.
French,
n.
La-pe-osh',
La-piege,
French,
n.
n.
shovel or spade.
A
A
mattock; a
trap.
hoe.
Eena
la
piege, a
beaver-trap.
La-plash,
n.
French,
La-po-el',
n.
French,
to
La planche. A board.
La po^le. A frying-pan,.
Mamook
lapoel,
Siwash
lapool,
fry.
Iia-p6me,
La-pool',
La pommb. An apple.
La pouLE. A fowl; poultry.
French,
n.
French,
w.
the grouse.
La fourchette. A fork.
La portb. A door,
Iia-saqjel, R. French, La cingle. A girth; a sash; a belt.
La-see, n. French, La scie. A saw.
La-sell', n. French, La selle. A saddle.
La-shal-loo, or La-shal-lee, n. French, La charbue. A plough.
La-shan-del, n. French, La chandellb. A candle.
La-shase, n. French, La chaise. A chair.
La-shen', n. French, La chaine. A chain.
La-poo-shet',
La-pote,
Las-siet',
French,
n.
French,
n.
A plate.
French, L'assiette.
n.
La-sivay, n., adj. French, La soib. Silk; silken.
La-tahb, n. French, La table. A table.
La-tet', n. French, La t^te. The head. Pil latet,
La-tlah',
French, Train
w.
A noise. Mamook latlah,
son).
La-wen', n.
La-west', «.
Lazy,
adj.
to
French, L'avoine,
French,
La
noise.
A waistcoat.
Lazy.
pronounced
(often
make a
Oats.
vbste.
English, idem.
Le-bah-do
A
red-headed.
" ne faites pas de train."
(Ander-
as,
;
lab'-a-do), n.
French,
Lb bardeau.
shingle.
Le-bal',
n.
French, idem.
Le-bis'-kwie,
A ball;
bullet.
n.
French,
Lb
adj.
French,
Lb blond.
biscuit.
Tenas
lebal, shot.
Biscuit; crackers;
hard
bread.
Le-blau',
«.,
A
sorrel
horse;
chestnut
colored.
Le-olem',
n., adj.
colored or light
French,
dun
Le
crSime.
Cream-colored; a creanh.
horse.
Le-cock', n. French, Lk coq.
Le-doo', n. French, Lb doiqt.
A cock; a fowl.
A finger.
PART
Le-gley,
French,
adj.
n.,
I.
A gray horse;
article.
CHINOOK
Le
15
ENGLISH.
Gray, with French
gkis, or English
gray.
See Diaub.
Ije-jaub'.
Le-kleh,
Le
French,
n.
A key.
clef.
Mamook
le kleh, lock the
door.
Le-kloo',
Le-ky'e,
eaille,
French,
a,
In
piebald horse.
speckled;
spot, spotted, or
salmon (salmo
nail; nails.
neck.
Mr. Anderson derives this from a Canadian word
adj.
w.,
meaning
its
jargon use,
it
means,
also, a
lekye salmon, the spotted or winter
as,
canis, Suckley).
Le ruban. A ribbon,
Le lodp. A wolf (the large wolf).
Xieh-ma, n. French, La main. The hand ;
French,
Xie-lo'-ba, «.
French,
Iie-loo', n.
Le-mah,
Lk clou. A
Le cou. The
French,
n.
Iie-koo', n.
or
Kloshe lem^h,
the right (literally, the
good hand)
;
the
arm.
potlatch lemah,
shake hands.
Le-mah-to,
Le-mel', n.
Le-mo'-lo,
French,
«.,
Le marteau. A hammer.
Le mulet. A mule.
French Canadian, Le moron; undoubtedly
French,
n.
adj.
Wild; untamed.
corruption of marron, a runaway negro.
plies to
men
as well as animals,
as, for
instance, to the tribes
a
It ap-
which
have had no intercourse with the settlements.
Ije-moo'-to, or Lam'-mu-to,
Xie-pau',
Le pain.
French, Le pied.
French,
n.
Le-pee', n.
Le-pish'-e-mo,
Quaere u.
n.
Sheep.
French, Les mouious.
Bread ; raised or light bread.
The feet.
d.
The saddle-bldnket and housings
n.
of a horse.
Le-plet,
French,
n.
Le-pwau',
Xie-sak',
French,
R.
Le
Le
Xie-sap', or Xie-zep',
Xie-see-blo,
pr^itrb.
French, Les pois.
n.
n.
n.
sac.
A priest.
Feas.
A bag;
a pocket.
French, Les (eups.
French, Les Sperons.
Lb ciseau. Scissors.
Le sucre. Sugar.
Ije-tah, n. French, Le dent. The teeth.
Le-whet', n. French, Le fouet, A whip.
Xje-see-ZO,
Le-sook,
n.
An
egg; eggs.
Spurs.
French,
n.
French,
Mamook
lewhet, to
whip.
Iiice, n.
English.
Hice.
Lik-pu'-hu, or Lik'-po, n.
gives this as a Chinook word.
Kup'ho.
It is
(Hale.)
An
elder sister.
Mr. Hale
If so, it is probably a corruption of
not used in Jargon.
PD Books
;
DICTION AEY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
16
Ijip'-lip,
By
V.
or cause to
Iid-lo,
otioma. (Halo).
Mamook
boil.
To carry; to load.
lolo kopa canim,
In Jargon, used in a more extended sense.
Lolo kopa
to
tsiktsik, to
load into a canoe.
Mamook
carry in a cart.
>
Chinook, Lowullo.
IjO-1o', adj.
thing,
make,
liplip, to
Originally, to carry a child on the back.
Chinook, idem.
V.
To
boil.
Bound; whole;
Lolo sapeleel, whole wheat ;
IiOpe, n. English, Eope. A
a raw hide, riata, or thong.
mamook
Tenas
rope.
Luk'-ut-chee, or La-kwit-chee, n.
Clams. Used chiefly on Puget Sound.
Iium, «. English, Bum. Spirits of any
the entire
lolo, to roll
lope,
of any
up (Shaw).
a cord; skin
French,
La
lope,
coquille.
(?)
sort.
M.
v., n.
Nootka, Maeue Nittinat and Tokwaht, idem
Makah, BAkwatl. To buy or sell; trade or exchange; a bargain.
As their buying and selling was merely barter, the same word always
answered for both operations. Eah mika mahkook okook calipeen ?
where did you buy that rifle ? hyas mahkook, (fear; tenas mahkook,
IVEaJl-kook,
;
cheap.
IVEah-kook-house. A trading-house or a store.
Mah-Iie, V. Nisqually. To forget. Of local use on Puget Sound.
French, Mahoher.
"NLsHish., V. a.
To leave; to turn out; to throw
away; to part \t)ith; remove. Ex. Mahsh chuck kopa boat, bail
the boat out/ mahsh okook salmon, throw away that fish; mahsh
maika capo, take off your coat; mahsh! (to a dog) get out! mahsh
tenas, to have a child; to be delivered; yakka mahsh tum-tum kopa
nika, he has given me his orders, or told me his wishes; mahsh kow,
to untie; mahsh stone, to castrate.
Mah-sie,
French, Mercie.
v.
Maht-lin-nie,
keep off!
(if
acfv.
Thank
you.
Chinook, MAtlini.
on land), towards
Offshore.
(In boating),
the water.
Maht-wil-lie,
adv.
Chinook, Mathwili. Jn shore; shoreward.
(As a command), keep in; (on land), towards tJie woods, or the
interior.
Ma-lah,
n.
Mal-i-eh,
v.
Ma'-ma, n.
Mam'-OOk,
Chinook, Malaoh.
French, Marier.
English,
v. a.
Mamma.
Tinware; crockery; earthenware.
To marry.
A mother.
Nootka, Mamuk,
To make;
to
do;
to
work.
It
;
PAUT
is
CHINOOK
I.
the general active verb, and
nouns and other verbs
mamook
mamook
;
as,
is
17
KNOLieiT.
used largely in combination with
mamook
chahko, make
mamook
kelipai, brinri or send back;
come, fetch;
to
isick,
paddle;
to
illahee, to dir/.
A man; the male of any animal. Ex.
English, idem.
n.
Man moolock, a buck elk ; tonas man, a young man or boy.
Mel-a-kwa, or Mal-a-kvsra, n. French, Marangouin. (AnderIMau,
A
son.)
mosquito.
French, Melassr.
Iffel'-ass, n.
lyEem'-a-loost,
Mamook
v.,
memaloost,
IVEe-sall-chie, adj.
Molasses.
Chinook, MSmalust.
part.
Bad;
Chinook, Masachi.
die; dead.
Down
Chinook, Maiami.
wicked.
You.; your; yours.
Thou; thy;
Chinook, Maika.
^»'on.
IVEi'-inie, adv.
To
to kill.
Chinook, MesAika.
Me-si'-ka, p'on.
Mi'-ka,
n.,
thine.
stream.
Mist-chi'-mas, n. Qusere u. d. A slave. Dr. Scouler gives
word as Nootka and Colum'bian." Mr. Hale makes it Chinook.
this
It
Chinook nor Chihalis and Jewitt
gives kakoelth as Nootka, while I find the Makah word kotlo, and
is
certainly, however, neither
the Nittinat
;
kotl.
Cree, Mitas.
IVLit-aSS, n.
A
Leggings.
(Anderson.)
word im-
ported by the Canadian French.
Bdit'-lite,
To
Chinook, MiiiArr.
v.
side; remain.
It is also
sit;
sit
used in place of
to
down;
stay at; re-
have and
to be.
Ex.
kopa house, he is in the house; mitlite hyiu salmon kopa
mika? have you plenty of salmon? mitlite {imp.), sit down; cultus
Mitlite
mitlite, to stop
be
anywhere without particular
with child; mitlite keekwillie,
Mit'-whit,
whit
Chinook, Ametwhet.
V.
object; mitlite tenas, to
put down.
to
To stand; stand up.
Mit-
a standing tree; a mast.
stick,
Chinook, Makst.
IVtokst, adj.
Moo'-la, n.
Moo'-lock,
French, Moulin.
Two;
A
An
Chinook, Em6luk.
n.
twice.
Stick moola, a saw-mill.
mill.
This word, strangely
elk.
enough, occurs also in the Kjsquilth of .Humboldt Bay.
IVCoon,
the
guages.
buffalo,
Ikt moon, a
month;
sick
wane or old moon.
Moos'-moos,
horned
The moon.
English, idem.
n.
moon,
cattle.
n.
Klikatat, MtisMus
The word,
;
Chinook, Em^smus.
slightly varied,
is
common
.
Buffalo
,
to several lan-
Mr. Anderson derives it from tlie Ci:ee word moostoos, a
and supposes it to have been imported by the Canadians
but Father Pandosy makes
musmus Yakama,
3
DICTIONARY OF THB CHINOOK JAEGON.
18
mooChihalis, M6sam. To deep; sleep. Tikegh
v., n.
want, or be hungry for
sum, or olo moosum, to he sleepy (literally, to
sleep) ; nika hyas moosum, / slept very sound.
M6w-itsh, or Mah'-witsh, n. Nootka, Mauitsh (Hale) ; Nit-
Moo'-sum,
A
MoiTSH, a deer; Nootka, Moowatsh, a iear (Jewitt).
as, hulanimal;
wild
signify
a
to
used
Frequently
deer; venison.
oima raowitch, a strange or different kind of beast. The meaning
Like moolock, an
given in Jewitt's book is probably a misprint.
tinat,
the word
elk,
found in the Koquilth of Humboldt Bay.
is
Muck-a-muck,
Makamak
Quaere u. d.
n., v.
Muckamuck
bite; food.
chuck, &c.,
(Hale).
To
Mr. Anderson considers
Neither Chinook nor Chihalis.
eat; to
drink water, or other liquid.
to
it
an
in-
vented word.
Mus'-ket,
A gun
English, idem.
n.
Stick musket, a
or musket.
bow.
Na.
The
interrogative particle.
do you go to-day
Ex. Mika na klatawa okook sun ?
Interrogation
?
however, often conveyed by
is,
intonation only.
Na-ah,
Chinook, Tlkanaa.
n.
the Columbia, and
now
A
(Hale.)
mother.
in fact obsolete, the English
Peculiar to
Ma'ma
being
used instead.
Nah,
Common
interj.
Nahsikhs!
call attention to
Yakama
Also used in
I
Look here!
to several languages.
halloo, friend !
common
say!
conversation to
some point not thoroughly understood. In the
as, nah tehn
it is the sign of the vocative
language,
;
!
man.
Nan'-itsh,
itsh
Quaere
v.
u. d.
To
look there ! kloshe nanitsh
!
see;
look;
Nan-
look for; seek.
look out ! take care ! cultus nan-
1
round idly, or from curiosity only. Mamook nanitsh, to
The word is neither Chinook nor Chihalis. Dr. Scouler gives
itsh, to look
show.
nannanitch as Nootka and Columbian.
on the stream.
and
is
It
;
off
shme;
means, according to Mr, Anderson, the sea-beach,
not properly a Jargon word.
Na-vrit'-ka, adv.
Ves
It is possibly the former.
Mr. Hale gives this for
Chihalis, Noitsh.
Nau'-itS, adv.
Chinook, idem
;
tuks, indeed I doxi't know.
In answer to a negative question,
as affirming the negative.
Indians use
it
did you not
see [it] ?
Yakama, N'witka.
Nawitka wake nika kum-
Klikatat and
certainh/; yes indeed ; to be sure.
Nawitka,
I did
Ex.
not.
Wake mika
many
nanitsh
>
PART
TTfttn, n.
CHINOOK
I.
A name.
Name.
English,
—ENGLISH.
19
Mamook nem,
to
name, or
call
hy name.
XTe-nam-OOks,
Chinook, Enanamuks.
n.
The land
otter.
We; us; our.
Ne-si'-ka, ^ron. Chinook, NisAika.
Ne'-whah. Chinook, Niwha. It seems to be an adverb used,
meaning being
as is often the case, as a verb, the
bring
it
Newhah
low of a
here, let
hither, come, or
me
see
it.
/; me; my; mine.
The nose;
English, idem.
n.
nose, the
nika nanitsh,
Chinook, Naik a.
Ni'-ka, ^ron.
Nose,
Ex.
hither.
a promontory.
also,
Boat
boat,
0.
Chinook, Okok.
O'-koke, or O'-kook, pron.
Iktah okook? what
who; okook
is
This;
that;
it.
that? okook sun, to-day; okook klaksta, he
klaska, <Aey (being present).
It is often abbreviated
to oke ; as, oke sun.
O'-la-pits-M, n. Chinook, Oolfitski.
erly a Jargon word.
(Hale.)
O'-le-man, »., adj. English, Old man.
out.
Hyas oleman kiuatan, a very old
used in the sense of worn out.
Ol'-hy-iu,
the salmon berry.
Shot
olillie,
salmon
moosum,
O'-luk,
O'-na,
'
(Tolmie.)
Originally
&c.
On Puget
olillie,
Berries.
raspberries; salfton
olillie,
Sound, always called Olallie.
Hungry.
Olo chuck,
thirsty;
olo
sleepy.
Chihalis, idem.
n.
n.
man; old; worn
As regards articles,
old
Chinook, Exalelli, berries in general.
Chinook, idem.
O'-lo, adj.
Belbella, idem.
huckleberries; siahpult
berries,
Not prop-
A seal.
Chinook, Olhaiyu.
n.
O'-Iil-lie, or O'-lal-lie, «.
An
horse.
Fire.
Chinook, Eona.
A snake.
The razor
fish or solen; clams.
Used
only at mouth of the Columbia.
Oos'-kan,
«.
O'-pe-kwan,
O'-pitl-kegh,
O'-pit-sah,
n.
Chinook.
A cup;
a bowl.
A basket;
A bow.
Chinook, Opekwanh.
n.
n.
Chinook, 6ptlike.
Chinook, 6ptsakh.
{the knifes friend),
a fork.
A knife.
The word
is
tin kettle.
Opitsah yakka sikhs
also used to denote a
sweetheart.
O'-poots, or O'-pootsh, n. Chinook, ObiSputsh, the fundament.
The posterior ; the fundament ; the tail of an animal. Boat opoots,
the rudder; opoots-sill, a breech clout.
,
DIonONARY OF THE CHINOOK JARGON.
20
6te-lagh,
erly a
Ow,
The sun.
Chinook, Ootlakh.
(Hale.)
n.
Not prop-
Jargon word.
A
Chinook, Au.
w.
brother younger than the speaker.
P.
Fahtl,
Chinook, Patl.
adj.
Fahtl lum or pabt-lum, drunk;
Full.
mamook pahtl, to fill.
Mamook pent, to paint.
pahtl chuck, wet; pahtl illahie, dirty ;
Faint,
Fapa,
or
n.
Pent,
English, Paint.
n., adj.
A father.
A
English, idem.
Pa'see-sie,
blanket ; woollen cloth.
Chinook, PasIsi.-
n.
French; a FrenchChinook, PAsisiuKS.
Fa-si'-OOks, «., adj.
man. Mr. Hale supposed this to be a corruption of the French
word Francais. It is, however, really derived from the foregoing
word, Pasisi, with the terminal uks, which
Lewis and Clarke
plied to living beings.
Pashisheooks, clothmen, as the Chinook
this explanation
was
name
me by
also furnished
a plural form ap-
is
(vol.
p.
ii.,
413) give
and
for the whites,
people of that
tribe.
It
has since been generally restricted to the French Canadians, thougli
among some
of the tribes east of the Cascade Range,
indiscriminately to
Fchlh,
or
Fit-chih,
Fe-chugh,
Fee,conj.
the Hudson's
Quaere
adj.
Not
(Shaw.)
board.
all
in
Bay
u. d.
common
applied
Thin
in diniemion, as of a
use.
Chinook, Ptsekh.
adj.
it is
people.
Green.
Then; besides; and; or;
Pie weght, and also; besides which; pee nika wauwau wake,
but I say, No.
Feh'-pah, n. English, Papkr. Paper; a letter; any writing.
French, Puis.
(Anderson.)
but.
Mamook
Fel'-ton,
ton, like
pehpah,
«., arf>.
to write.
Jargon.
A fool ; foolish ;
a fool; hyas pelton
The Indians adopted
rpika,
this
Kahkwa
crazy.
you are very
pel-
silly.
word from the name of a deranged
person, Archibald Pelton, or perhaps Felton,
whom
Mr. Wilson P.
Hunt found on his journey to Astoria, and carried there with him.
The circumstance is mentioned by Franchfire, in his " Narrative,"
trans, p. 149.
Fe-shak', or Fe-shuk',
mlj.
Nootka, Peshlk;
Nittinat, idem.
Bad.
Pe-what'-tie,
Pi'-ah,
to
n,, at/;'.
cook;
to
adj.
Chinook, Pjhwati.
English, Firk.
Fin
;
ripe
Thin, like paper, &c.
;
cooked.
burn; piah-ship, a steamer; piah
Mamook
olillie,
piali,
ripe berries
;;
PART
piah
sapolill,
CHINOOK
I.
baked bread; piah
ENGLISH.
21
sick, the venereal disease;
saghillio
piah, lightning.
Father Pandosy gives Pilpilp, as
Nez Peice or Sahaptin, also. Red; of a red-
Chinook, Tlpelpbl.
Pil, adj.
signifying red, in the
Pil illahie, red clay or vermilion; pil doUa, gold ; pil
dish color.
chickamin, copper ;
kiuatan, a bay or chestnut horse.
pil
Mahsh
Blood.
Jargon.
Pil'-pil, n.
bleed; to menstruate.
pilpil, to
Derived from the foregoing.
Fish,
Fish.
English.
n.'
Quaere
Pit-lilll', or Pit-hlil', adj.
Thick in
u. d.
consistence, as
molasses.
Piu-piu,
French, Puer,
n.
Or from the sound
to stink.
A
tered expressive of disgust at a bad smell.
Foh,
By
Chinook, idem.
V.
Mamook
onoma.
often ut-
skunk.
poh,
to
blow out or
extinguinh, as a candle.
Po'-lak-lie,
Chinook, Polakli.
adj.
n.,
Night; darkness; dark.
Tenas polaklie, evening ; hyas polaklie, late at night; very dark
sit-kum polaklie, midnight (literally, the half night).
Gunpowder ; dust; sand.
Po'-lal-lie, n. Quaere French, Poudke.
Polallie illahie,
nook nor
Poo,
to
By
n.
Poo'-lie,
onoma.
moxt
shoot;
a.
a
certainly neither Chi-
double-barrelled
Opoo,
to break
French, Pourri.
adj.
wind.
Rotten.
Pot'-latch, or Paht'-latsh, n.,
Pachaetl, or Pachatl (Cook).
latch,
is
The sound of a gun. Mamook poo,
gun; tohum poo, a six-
(Hale.)
poo,
Nisqually,
shooter.
The word
sandy ground.
Chihalis.
Nootka, Pahchilt (Jewitt)
v.
A
gift;
to give.
Cultus pot-
p7-esent or free gift.
Pow'-itsh, n. Chinook, Pauitsh. A crab-apple.
Puk'-puk, n. Probably an invented word. A blow with
a
fist-fight.
puk
Mamook pukpuk,
to
box;
to
the fist
fight with the fists;, puk-
solleks, to fight in anger.
Puss'-puss,
pish-pish.
n.
English.
Hyas
A
-
Sagh-a-lie, or Sah'-ha-lie,
Up; above;
TJkhshakhali.
chief above), God.
of a native one.
cat.
On Puget
Sound, pronounced
pusspnss, a cougar.
A
s.
adj.
high.
terra invented
Chinook, Sakhalx;
Saghalie tyee
Clatsop,
(literally,
by the missionaries
for
the
want
DICIIONAKY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
22
Sail, or Sill,
Mamook
tzum
make
mamook
sail;
printed cloth or
sail,
Salmon,
salmon,
take in sail;
(Shelwell of Lewis and
sallal berry ; hait oi gualtheria shallon.
The salmon; fish
English, idem.
n.
sail, to
Chiaook, Tsakalukb, leggings.
n.
Chinook, Klkwushala.
The
Clarke.)
cotton or linen goods.
Keekwillie sakoleks, drawers.
Trowsers; pantaloons.
n.
any
keekwillie
calico.
Sa-kol'-eks, or Se-kol'-uks,
Sal-lal',
A sail;
p]nglish, Sail.
n.
sail, (o
Tyee
generally.
chief salmon, the spring salmon (salmo kwinnat, Rich.)
i.e.,
masahchie salmon, a winter
species
(salmo canis, Suckley)
;
;
tzum
salmon, salmon trout.
Salt,
English, idem.
adj.
».,
Salt, or
a
salt taste.
Salt chuck, the
sea.
Sau-de-lie,
A
«.,
French, Cendr^.
adj.
Ash-colored.
(Anderson.)
roan horse ; roan-colored.
Sap'-O-lill,
sapolill,
Chinook, Tsapelil.
n.
baked bread; lolo
sapolill,
Wheat, flour, or meal.
whole
wJieat.
Piah
The word has
been erroneously supposed to come from the French la farine.
is,
It
common to various
Saplil as Yakama for bread;
however, a true Indian word, and seems
Columbia
river tribes.
Lewis and Clarke write
Pandosy gives
it Chapelell.
Se-ah-host, or Se-agh'-ost, n. Chinook, Siakhost, the face. The
Halo seahhost, blind; icht seahhost, one-eyed;
face; the eyes.
doUa seahhost,
lakit seahhost {four eyes), or
Se-ah-po, or Se-ah-pult,
Seahpult
olillie,
n.
spectacles.
French, Chapeau.
A
hat or cap.
the raspberry.
Shame,
or Shem, n. English, idem.
Shame. Halo shem mika ?
arnU you ashamed of yourself ?
Shan-tie, v. French, Chanter. To sing.
She-lok'-lim, n. Chinook, Tshailakumit. (Anderson.) A looking-glass; glass.
Ship,
English, idem.
n.
vessel; piah ship,
Shoes,
n.
A
ship or vessel.
a steamer; ship-man, a
English, idem.
shoes, boots or shoes
Stick ship, a sailing
sailor.
Shoes; skin shoes; moccasins.
Shot, n. English, idem. Shot; lead. Shot olillie,
Shu'-gah, or Shu'-kwa, n. English. Sugar.
Shugh,
less of
Shut,
n.
".
Chinook, Shukiishukh.
the sound.
(Anderson.)
English, Shiht.
Shvrah-kuk,
n,
Stick
made of leather.
Chihalis,
A
rattle.
An
Attc^t^ciemes.
imitation doubt-
Shugh-opoots, a rattlesnake.
A shirt.
ShwakSuk.
A frog.
PAET
Si-ah,
CHINOOK
I.
Far; far
Nootka, Saia.
adj.
ENGLISH.
expressed by intonation or repetition
Comparative distance
off.
as, siah-siah,
;
which was perhaps the true meaning,
Si-am, n.
Sick, adj.
Xxixa,
i?
very far ; wake
Jewitt gives Sietaii as the sky in Nootka,
siah, near, not far.
sky "the
called the
23
or,
more probably, they
afar."
The
Chinook, Ishaikm.
English, idem.
grizzly hear.
Cole sick, the ague;
Sick.
sick tum-
grieved ; sorry ; jealous ; unluippy.
Sikhs, or Shikhs,
Chinook, Skasiks;
n.
A friend.
(Pandosy.)
Siu'-a-moxt,
adj.
Si'-pah,
"Wasco.
adj.
Sahaptin, Shikstua.
Used only towards men.
Chinook, Sinimakst.
Seven.
Straight, like a ramrod.
(Shaw.)
Of only
local use.
Sis'-ki-you,
A
(Anderson.)
Cree.
n.
bob-tailed horse.
This name, ludicrously enough, has been bestowed on the range
of mountains separating Oregon and California, and also on a
county in the
lated to
The
latter State.
me by
McLeod, a chief
origin of this designation, as re-
Mr. Anderson, was as follows.
factor of the
Mr. Archibald R.
Hudson's Bay Company,
pack
1828, while crossing the mountains with
-a
taken by a snow storm, in which he
most of
lost
— an
Pass of the Siskiyou,
veritable Indian
to the
or "bourgeois,"
chief,
name
named
appellation subsequently adopted as the
whole range, and the adjoining districts
Chinook, Sitkum (Anderson)
»., adj.
^tkum
apart,
followers, in
the place the
of the locality, and which thence extended
Sit'-kum,
A half;
was over-
his animals, in-
His Canadian
cluding a noted bob-tailed race-horse.
compliment to their
in the year
train,
Clatsop, Asitko.
;
doUa, half a dollar; sitkum sun, noon;
tenas sitkum, o quarter, or a small part.
Sit'-lay, or Sit'-li-ay,
n.
French, Les etkiers.
(Anderson.)
Stirrups.
Sit'-shum, V. Chihalis, idem. To swim.
Si'-wash, »., adj. French, Sauvage. An Indian; Indian.
Skin, n. English, idem. Skin. Skin shoes, moccasins; stick
the
bark of a
Skoo'-kum,
or
Skoo-koom',
ghost; an evil spirit or
skookum chuck, a
Skwak'-vral,
Kou.
skin,
tree.
n.
n.
n.,
adj.
strong.
Chihalis,
Skukum.
A
Skookum tumtum, Jrave;
rapid.
Chinook, Skakulh (Anderson)
A lamprey eel.
Skwis'-kwis,
demon ;
Of
;
Clatsop, Ska-
local use only.
Chinook, Cathlamet
PD Books
dialect.
A
squirrel.
;
PD Commons
DICTIONAEY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
24
Sla-hal',
A
Chinook, Eti-auxal.
n.
disks, one
of which
is
game played with
ten
small
marked.
Smet'-OCks, n. Chihalis, Smettaks. The large clam (Lutraria).
Used only at the mouth of the Cohimbia river.
Smoke, n.' English, idem. Smoke ; clouds ; fog ; steam.
Snass, n. Quaere u. d. Hain. Cole snass, snow. The word is
neither
Snow,
Soap,
n.
Chinook nor Chihalis, and
Snow.
English, idem.
Soap.
English, idem.
n.
perhaps manufactured.
is
So-le'-mie, n: Chinook, Sulamich (Anderson); Clatsop, Sholbe.
The cranberry.
Sol'-leks, or Sah'-leks,
Mamook
Anger; angry.
kumtuks
Quaere u. d.
adj.
n.,
soUeks, to fight; tikegh soUeks, to be hostile ;
solleks, to be passionate.
So'-pe-na,
v.
To jump;
Chinook, T'sopbna.
Spo'-oh, or Spo'-eh,
Chinook, idem.
adj.
color, as pale blue, drab,
Chahko
&c.
Spoon, n. English, idem. A spoon.
Spose, eonj. English, Suppose. If;
to leap.
Faded; any
light
spoeh, to fade.
supposing ; provided that; in
Spose mika nanitsh nika canim, if you see my canoe
spose nika klatawa kopa Chinook, if or when I go to Chinook;
order that.
kahkwa
Stick,
spose, as
M.,
See Kloshe spose.
if.
A
English, idem.
adj.
Stick skin, lark;
stick;
ship stick, a mast;
a tree;
mitwhit
wood; wooden.
stick,
a standing
a yard measure; stick shoes, leather shoes or boots,
as distinguished from skin shoes or moccasins; kuU stick, oa/fc (hard
wood) isick stick, the ash (paddle wood).
tree; icht stick,
;
Stook'-en, n. English. Stockings or socks.
Stoh, adj. Chinook, idem. Loose. Mamook
loose; undo.
Stone,
n.
English, idem.
Stote'-kin, adj.
Stutch'-un, n.
Suk-wal'-al,
No
musket.
Sun,
A
rock or stone; bone; horn; the
Stone kiuatan, a stallion
cles.
n.
kum
un-
stoh, to untie;
Metaphorically, to absolve.
n.
testi-
mahsh stone, to castrate.
Chinook, Stoktkin. Mght.
English, Sturgeon.
The sturgeon.
Chinook (Hale) Clatsop, Shukwalala, a gun
;
;
or
longer used in Jargon.
English, idem.
The sun; a day.
Tenas sun, early;
sit-
sun, noon; klip sun, sunset.
Sun'-day,
n.
English, idem.
Sunday, a holiday.
A
Sunday.
flag hoisted
sometimes also called Sunday.
Icht sunday, a week; hyas
on a particular occasion is
The other days
of the
week
are
PART
CHINOOK
I.
usually counted from this;
day, one,
tioo,
called at the
25
KNGLISM.
mokst, klone sun kopet San-
as, icht,
or three days after Sundaij.
Saturday used to bo
Hudson's Bay Company's posts " muckamuck sun,"
food day, as the one on which the rations were issued.
T.
Tagh'-tun, To '-hum, or Tugh'-um,
Cowlitz, TuKHUM Kwantlen, Tukhum'
;
Chinook,
adj.
Takhum;
Takkan.
Selish,
;
Six.
Chinook, Tanlki.
Yesterday.
Tahl-kie, or TaJiixl-kie, adv.
Icht tahlkie, day before yesterday.
Tah-nim, v. Chihalis, idem. To measure. Of only local use, and
not strictly Jargon.
Taht'-le-lum, or Tot'-le-lum,
The combinations from
adj.
lum, signifying twenty, thirty, &c.
twelve,
Chinook, Tatlbldm.
Ten.
Moxt, klone, &o., tahtle-
this are simple.
tahtlelum pe icht, &c., eleven,
;
&c.
Tal-a-pus, n. Chinook, Italipas Yakama, Tblipa. (Pandosy.)
The coyote or prairie wolf. A sort of deity or supernatural being,
;
prominent in Indian mythology.
Ta-mah-no-US,
n.
familiar spirit; magic;
One's particular forte
mahnous, to conjure;
word to
sneak.
luck; fortune;
A sort of guardian or
any thing supernatural.
said to be his iamahnoics.
is
Mamook
ta-
"make medecine;" masahchie tamahnous,
Mr. Anderson
mich(\rnft or necromancy.
of the
A
Chinook, Itamanawas.
conjuring.
restricts the true
meaning
••
Ta-mo'-litsh, or Ta-mow'-litsh, n. Chinook, Tamulitsh (Anderson) Yakama, Tamoutsh (Pandosy). A tub; barrel; bucket.
Icht tamolitsh, a bushel measure.
TanSO, "O., n. English, Dakcb. To dance.
;
T'chuk'-in, or Tsugh'-ken.
See Chuckin.
Tea, n. English, idem. Tea.
Te-ah-wit, «. Chinook, Tiawi;
the foot.
Klatawa teahwit,
to
Clatsop,
go on foot;
to
KlAawit.
The
leg;
walk; klook teahwit,
lame.
Teh-teh,
v.
Clatsop, Tetjshaha.
To
trot,
as a horse.
Of
local
use only.
Ten'-as, or Tan'-as, n., adj. Nootka, Tanas Tokwaht, Tenes.
Small; few; little; a child; the young of any animal. Mokst
;
nika tenas,
I have
two children; tenas hyiu, afew; tenas sun, early.
Jewitt gives Tanassis for a child in Nootka,
PD Books
PD Commons
DICTIONARY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
26
Te-peh, n. Chinook, TKPEfiH. Quills ; the wings of a bird.
Tik-egh, or Tu-kegh, v. Chinook, Tikkkh. To want; wish;
Hyas tikegh, to long for ; ikta mika tikegh? what do
love; like.
you want?
Tik'-tik,
By
n.
A watch.
onoma.
Applied generally,
People.
Til'-i-kum,
Cultus tOikum, common or init means those who are not chiefs.
my
significant persons; huloima tilikum, strangers; nika tiliknm,
band.
tribe
or
relations.
It is also used to signify a
Chinook, Tilikhum.
n.
Til'-i-kum-ma-ma, n.
The word is not in use
Till, or Tull,
much
till
nika,
By
n.
tintin, to
ring a
Company's
/ am
A
onoma.
bell.
i.
two
known
bells after
White;
Chinook, idem.
Mamook
a musical instrument.
the Indians round the
e.,
okook, how
till
weigh.
to
hours were thus
posts, the
adj.
till,
bell;
Among
kopet sitkum sun, two hours,
Tkope,
very tired; kansih
mamook
does that weigh;
Tin'-tin,
Tired; heavy; weight; a
English, Tiee.
adj., n.
Hyas
weight.
A father.
Chinook, Tlkamama.
(Hale.)
in Jargon.
;
as,
Hudson Bay
mokst
tintin
noon.
light-colored.
Tlehl. See Klalb.
Tl'kope, V. Chinook, idem. To cut; hew;
Toh, or Tooh. By onoma. Mamook toh,
chop.
A
to spit.
manufac-
tured word.
Toke-tie,
To'-lo,
Kalapuya.
adj.
sih dolla nika tolo spose
if
Pretty.
To earn;
Kalapuya.
».
Not
in
to zoin at
common
a game ;
mamook ? how many
use.
to gain.
Kan-
dollars will
I earn
I work ?
To'-luks,
n.
Clallam,
Totuk.
The mussel.
Used on Puget Sound
only.
To-mol-la, adv. English, To-morrow.
molla, the day after.
Tot,
n.
To'-to,
Chihalis, Tot, or Tat.
V.
By
onoma.
An
Ikt tomolla, or copet to-
uncle.
Chinook, Tokh-tokh.
To shake;
sift
any
thing; winnow.
To-toosh', or Ta-toosh', n. Chippeway, Totosh. (Schoolcraft.)
The breasts of a female ; milk. Totoosh lakles, 6u«e>-.
To-wagh',
Tsee, adj.
adj.
Chinook,
Chinook, idem.
Towakh.
Bright; shining;
light.
Sweet.
Tsee'-pie, v. Kalapuya. To miss a mark; to mistake o)ie's road;
to make a blunder in speaking; to err or blunder.
Tseepie Wayhut,
to take the
wrong road.
;
PART
CHINOOK
I.
27
ENGLISH.
Tshi'-ke, adv. (Hale.) Quaere u. d. Directly,' soon. Not Jargon,
*
Tshis, adj. Chinook, idem. Cold. Not in common use.
Tsi-at-ko, n. Chihalis, Nisqually, &c., idem Clatsop, Echiatku
A nocturnal demon, much feared by the Indians. The Skagits give
this name to the " Couteaux," a tribe of Indians on Frazer River,
;
of
whom
they stand in like awe.
A
Tsik'-tsik, or Tcbik'-tchik, n. By onoma.
a wheel. Tsiktsik wayhut, a wagon-road.
Chinook, Echilchil.
Tsil'-tsil, or Chil'-chil, n.
Buttons ; the
Tsish,
one^s
Tsugh,
(Shaw.)
;
Of local use only.
To wander in the dark;
to lose
in the Willamette valley.
chahko tsugh,
of the sun
local use.
A shot-pouch.
Chinook, idem.
»., V.
to split;
for to
Used
way.
Of
tsish, to sharpen.
Klikatat.
Kalapuya.
n.
(Anderson.)
onoma., in imitation of the sound of a grindstone.
Mamook
Ts61e-pa.t, w.
Tso'-lo,
cart
stars.
By
V.
(Shaw.)
wagon; a
mamook
A
crack or
split.
Mamook
tsugh,
become split or cracked, as by the heat
to
tsugh
illahie, is
by some used instead of klugh,
plough.
Tsuk. See Chuck.
Tuk-a-mo'-uuk, or Tak-a-juo'-uak,
A hundred.
It
like ten,
is,
adj.
Chinook, Iiaeamokae.
combined with the
digits
;
as, icht,
moxt,
klone takamonak, one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, &c.
Hyas takamonak,
or tahtlelum takamonak, a thousand.
Tuk'-wil-la, or To'-kwil-la,
Ealapuya.
n.
Tlie hazel-nut; nuts
generally.
Tum'-tum,
n.
By
onoma., from the pulsations of the heart.
(An-
The heart; the will; opinion. Mahsh tumtum, to give
orders; mamook tumtum, to make up one's mind; mamook closhe
tumtum, to make friends or peace; sick ixumivim, grief ; jealousy
derson.)
moxt tumtum
nika,
/ am
undecided,
i. e.,
nesika klatawa? where shall we go?
you please; as you
Ikta mika
will.
/ have
two
Q.
wills.
Kah
A. Mika tumtum, wherever
tumtum ? what do you
think ?
Halo tumtum, without a will of one's own, as a child. The heart
seems to be generally regarded as the seat of the mind or will.
Tum-wa'-ta, n. Tum, by onoma. English, Water. A waterfall,
Lewis and Clarke give Timm as used by the
cascade, or cataract.
;
Indians above the Dalles of the Columbia in directing
Tup'-sbin, or Tip'-sin,
tipsin, io
sew ;
to
v.
mend;
Chihalis,
to patch.
PD Books
Tupshin.
them
A needle.
to the
Mamook
PD Commons
DIOTIONAEY OF THE CHINOOK JAEGON.
28
Tup-so,
Chinook, Tbpso, a
or Tip'-SO, n.
Grass; leaves,
leaf.
Often but incorrectly emplojfed for
fringe) feathers; fur.
hair; tipso illahie, ^Jratne; dely tipso, Aay.
Yakso,
,
A
Any
chef.
Nootka, Taiti; .Tybb (Jewitt).
Saghalie tyee, the Deity; tyee salmon,
thing of superior order.
Toyon is given by some of the northwestern
the spring salmon.
Ty'-ee,
n., adj.
voyagers as the Eskimo appellation for
Tzmn,
».,
Chinook, idem.
adj.
m figure; writing
mark
;
chief.
colors; spots or stripes; a
Mixed
Tzum
paint; painted.
tzum pehpa, writing ; mamook tzum,
to
sill,
printed calico;
tzum
write;
illahie, blazed
or surveyed land.
w.
Wagh, V,
Chinook, Wakb. To pour; to ^ill; to vomit. Mamook
wagh chuck, pour out some water.
Walkefadv. Nootka, Wik (Jewitt) Tokwaht, Wek. JVo; not.
Wa'-ki, adv. (Hale.) Chinook, Waki. To-morrow. Not Jargon.
Wap'-pa-tOO, n. Quaere u. d. The root of the Sagitaria sagittithe potato.
folia, which forms an article of food
The word is
;
;
common use.
Mamook wash, to wash.
Warm^ Hyas waum, hot; waum illahie,
neither Chiobok nor Ch^halis, but
Wash,
everywhere in
English, idem.
V,
Waum,
is
adj.
English,
summer; mamook waum,
to
heat; waum-sick-oole-siok,,/€i/er and
ague.
Wau'-wau,
call; ask;
v.,
Nootka;
n.
tell;
Nittinat,
Wawe.
To
answer; talk or conversation.
hyas wauwau,
idle talk ; stuff; nonsense;
Way'-hut, Hweh'-kut,
or
Wee'-hut,
talk;
speak;
Cultus wanwau,
to shout.
n.
Chinook, Wfinur, a
Yakama, Wiet, far. A road or trail. Tsik-.tsik wayhut, «.
loagon-road.
About Vancouver, on the Columbia, it is pronounced
HweHKUT ; on Puget Sound, Wekhut.
Weght, covj. Chinook, idem. Again; also; more. Pe nika weght,
and I too; pahtlatsh weght, give me some more; tenas weght, o
rocid ;
little
more
Whim,
f
.
yet.
Wasco.
(Shaw.)
mamook whim okook
To
fell.
Whim
stick, /cZi that tree.
stick,
a /a/icn
free;
Also, to throw, in wrest-
ling.
Of local use only.
Win'-a-pie, arfu. Nootka Nittinat, Wilapi. By-and-bye ; presently ; wait.
Of local use; the. Chinook Alki being more com;
mon.
;
PAET
CHINOOK
I.
ENGLISH.
29.
Wind,
or Win, n.
English, idem.
Wind. The winds are often
known by the countrj>from which they blow; as, for instance, on
the Columbia, an easterly is a Walla-walla wind at the mouth of
;
the river, a southerly
is
a Tilamooks wind, &c.
Ex. Halo
Breath.
wind, out of breath ; dead.
Y.
Yah'-hul,
Yakhul
Chinook,
n.
A
Ebekhol.
;
name. Not in gen-
eral use.
Yah-ka,
or
she;
&c.
it,
Yok'-ka,
Chinook, Yakisilt'h.
Yah'-kis-ilt'h, adj.
He;
Chinook, YAka.
pron.
Sharp.
his;
Mr.
him;
Ander^n
gives as the original, " cutting."
Yah'-wa,
Chinook,
adv.
Yawakh.
There;
thence;
thither ;
be-
yond.
Yah'-Twhul. See AyAhwhul.
Yak'-SO, n. Chinook, idem. The
Ya-kwah'-tin,
The
TiN.
Yanb.
or
Kwah'-tin,
Chinook and Clatsop, Yakwa-
belly ; the entrails.
See Lbjadb.
Yel'-a-kwat.
Yi'-em, v., n.
See Kalakwahtie.
Chihalis,
Quaere
adj.
Pleased/ proud/
tum, his heart
Youtl-kut,
is
adj.,
(of
relate/ to
tell
a story /
to con-
tale.
Chihalis,
Eyuilh
a horse),
spirited.
very glad/ he
n.
To
Yaiem.
fess to a priest j a story or
Youtl,
hair of the head ; hair generally.
n.
is
;
Nisqually,
Hyas
much jniffed
Chinook, Yutlkut.
Juil,
glad.
youtl yakka" tum-
up.
Long
(in
dimension)
length.
Yout-skut,
or
Yutes'-kut,
adj.
Chinook, Yutskuta.
Short
(in
dimension).
Y-salt'h, or Ye-salt'h. See E-salt'h.
Chinook, YakwA.
Here/ hither/
adv.
Yxik'-wa,
this
way.
Yukwa kopa okook
this side
house, this side of that house.
PD Books
of/
PD Commons
FART
II.
ENGLISH-CHINOOK.
PD Books
PD Commons
PAKT
Above,
II.
ENGLISH— CHINOOK.
Barrel,
sdgh-a-lie.
ta-mo'-Utsk.
Absolve, mam'-ook stoli.
Acorns, kd,h-na-way.
Basket, o'-pe-kwan.
Beads, ka-mo'-suk.
Across, in'-a-ii.
Afraid, kwass.
After, Afterwards,
Again, weght.
Bear
woot/
l-im'-ta.
le
kegh-tchie.
As
Bell,
el'-ip.
tin'-tin.
Belly,
^
ya-kwdh-tin.
Below,
kee'-kwil-lie.
Belt, la san-jel'.
Berries, o'-Ul-lie; o'-lal-lie.
Best, e'-Up closhe.
Bird, kal-lak' -a-la.
Biscuit, le bis'-kwee.
Bitter, klihl.
pome.
keh-su, or ki'-su.
Arbutus uva ursi,
Arrive at, ko.
Arrow, ka-U'-tan.
to, chdh-ko.
Bed, bed.
Before, e'-Up, or
Behind, kim'-ia.
Always, kwdh-ne-sum.
American, Boston.
Amusement, hee'-hee.
And, pee.
Anger, Angry, sol'-leks.
Apple,
Apron,
to, kok'-shut.
Become,
e'-la-han, or e-lann'.
Also, weght.
Although,
Beat,
its'-
(grizzly), si-am'.
Beaver, ee'-na.
Because, kih-wa.
All, kon'-a-way.
Alms,
(black), chet'-woot ,'
lahb.
Aunt, kwaVh.
Black, Male.
Blackberries, klik'-a-muks.
Blanket, pa-see'-sie.
Awl,
shoes keep' -wot.
Blind,
Axe,
la-hash'.
Blood,
At,
kah-kwa
if,
spose.
ko'-pa.
Blow
Blue
B.
ha'-lo se-dh-host.
pil-pil.
out, mam'-ook poh.
(light), spo'-oh.
(dark), klale.
Bad,
Bag,
Ball,
me-sdh-chie
le
le
;
pe-shuk'.
sak.
hal.
Bargain, mdh-kook; huy-huy.
Bark, stick-skin.
Blunder, to, tsee'-pie.
Board, la plash.
Boat, boat.
Bob-tailed;
a bob-tailed
horse,
PD Books
sis'-ki-you.
PD Commons
PART
84
Boil, to,
Bone,
Bosom
to, a-ydh-tokul.
(female), io-toosh.
kun'-a-mo'xt.
Bottle,
Bow,
la-boo-ii'.
o'-pitl-kegh.
Bowl, oos'-kan.
Box, la ca-sett'.
Bracelet,
Brave,
Bread,
Break,
pan.
to-toosk'.
Breech
clout,
Bridle,
Bright,
la bleed.
Broad,
kluk-ulh'.
o'-poots
sill.
k&hp-ho,
the speaker;
ow,
if
ten' -as.
Clams,
Clams, the large kind, sm^t-ocks.
Clear up, to, ch&hJco klah.
Cloth (cotton), sail.
Com.b,
comb.
younger.
Comb,
Come,
to, mam'-ook comb.
ek'-keh.
ta^no'-litsh.
Buffalo, moos'-moos.
Bullet, le bnl ; ka-li'-tan.
Bimdle, kow.
But, pe.
Butter, to-ioosh' la-kles'.
Buttons, isil'-tsil.
Buy, to, mdh-kook.
By-and-by, win'-a-pie.
to, chdh-ko.
Confess, to, yi'-em.
Conjuring, ta-mdh-^na-us.
Cook, to, mam'-ook pi'-ah.
Copper, pil chik'-a-min.
Cord,
ten'-as lope.
Com,
e-salCh', or ye-salfh'.
Corral,
kul-ldgh.
Cotton goods,
Cough, hoh'-hoh.
Count,
see brother
Coyote,
c.
Cart,
and
sister.
tal'-a-pus.
Crab apple,
shan-deV.
sail.
to, mam'-ook ktoun'-nmi.
Cousin,
Candle, la
Carrot, la
Carry, to,
luk'-ut-chee ; la-
o'-na;
elder than
if
Male cousins the same.
Brother-in-law,
Bucket,
ty-ee'.
Coffee, kau'-py.
Cold, cole; tshis.
bloom.
Brother,
lope
Clouds, smoke.
Coat, ca-po'.
to-w&gh.
Broom,
Certainly, na-wit'-ka.
Chain, la shen; ckik'a^min
Chair, la shase.
Cheat, to, la-l&h.
Chicken, la pool.
kwit'-ckee.
to, kok'-shut.
Breasts,
wa-ter.
Cattle, moos'-moos.
Chief,
Child,
Mik'-wal-lie.
slcoo'-kum tum'-tum.
le
—CklNOOK.
Cat, puss'-puss.
Cataract, turn'
lip'-lip.
stone.
Borrow,
Both,
ENGLISH
II.
pow'-itsh.
Cranberry, so'-le-mit.
Crazy, pel'-ton.
Cream-colored, le clem.
Crooked, ki'-wa.
.
ca-Iat'.
lo' lo.
tsik'-tsik; chik'-chik.
Cascade, tum' wa-ter.
Castrate, to, mahsh
stone.
Cross,
la clo-a'.
Crow,
kdh-kah.
;
PAET
n.
ENGLISH
3S
CHINOOK.
Cry, to, cly.
Gup, oos'-kan.
Curly, hunl'-kih.
Earth,
Out, to,
Eight, sto'-te-kin.
Elk, moo'-lock.
il'-la-hie.
Eat, to,
Egg,
tVko'-pe.
muck'-a-niuck.
sap' ;
le
Enclosure,
D.
le sep'.
kul-l&gh.
English,
Deuice, to,
tanse.
ik-pdo'-ie kwil-lan.
hy'-as mdh-kook.
Deep,
klip.
Deer,
mow'-itsh.
Demon,
Dig, to, mam'-ook
hit,
il'-la-hie.
or mit.
Drink,
Drive,
dol'-la, or tdh-la.
mi'-mie.
(quick), hy-ak'.
(tight), kwutl.
Fasten, to, kov).
Fat, glease.
Father, pa'-pa.
Fathom,
Fear,
to, kish'-kish.
Fell, to
whim.
(Mallard),
kweh-kweh
hdht-haht.
Dust,
Face, se-dh-host.
Faded, spo'-oh.
Falsehood, klim-in'-a-wUt,
Par, si-dh.
to, muck'-a-muck.
Drunk, p&ht-lum.
Dry, de-ly'.
Duck
Evening, ten'-as po'-lak-Ue.
Every, kon'-a-way.
Exchange, huy-huy.
Eyes, se-dh-host.
Fast
Fast
la po'te.
Do\7n stream,
po'-lal-lie.
E.
ko-pet'.
ki-y&gh.
F.
Do, to, m^m'-ook.
Doctor, doc'-tin.
Dog, kam'-ooks.
Dollar,
chautsh.
le-jauh'.
Difficult, kuU.
Door,
Entrails,
skoo'-kum'.
Devil, di-auh' ; yauh;
Different, hul-o'4-ma.
Dime,
^^"^
i
Dark, darkness, po'-lak-Ue.
Day, sun.
•
Dead, mern'-a-loost.
Deaf,
Dear,
)
Englishman,
Enough, hi-yu';
it'-lan.
kwass.
(as
a
tree),
Fence, kul-ldgh.
Fetch, to, mam'-ook
Fever, waum sick.
Few,
mamf-ook
chdh-ko.
ten'-as.
Fight, to, mam'-ook sol'-leks.
Fight, with fists, mam'-ook
puk'-puk.
Eagle, ckak'-chak.
Ear, kwo-lann'.
Early, ten'-as sun.
Earn, to, to'-lo
Figured
(as calico), taum.
File, la leem.
Fill, to, mam'-ook pahtl.
Find, to. Map.
PD Books
.
PD Commons
36
PAKT-II.
ENGLISH
Give, to, pot'-latch.
Glad, kwann.
Go, to, klat'-a-wa.
God, s&gh-a-lie ty-ee'.
Gold, pil chik' -a-min.
Good, klose, or kloshe.
Fingers, le doo.
Fire, pi' -ah; o-la-pits'-ki.
J'irst, e'-Hp, or
Fish,
el'-ip.
pish.
Fish-hook, ik'-kik.
Five, kwin'-num.
Flea, so'-pen e'-na-poo ;
Flesh, itV -wil-lie.
Flint,
cho'-tub.
Ml-it'-sut.
Flour, sap'-o-lill.
Fly, to, ka-wak'.
Fog, smoke.
Food,
,
Good-bye, kla-how'-ya.
Goods, ik'-tah.
Goose, whuy'-whuy ; kal-ak-aIdh-ma.
Graud^ther, chope.
Grandmother, chitsh.
muck'-a-muck.
Grease, la-kles' ; glease.
Green, pe-chugh'.
Grey; a grey horse, le gley_.
Grizzly bear, si-am'.
Ground, iV -la-hie.
Gun; musket, suk'-wa-M.
Fool, pel'-ton.
Foolish, pel'-ton.
Foot, le-pee'.
Forever, kwdh-ne-sum.
Forget, to, m&h-lie.
Fork, la poo-shet'.
Formerly,
CHINOOK.
dhn-kut-ta, or dhn-
H.
kot-tie.
Four,
Fowl,
or
lak'-it,
Hair,
Half,
lok'-it.
la pool.
French, Frenchman,
pa-si'-
yak'-so.
sit'-kum.
Hammer,
Hand,
ooks.
Friend, sikhs, or
Frog, shw&h-kuk.
shikhs.
mdh-to.
le
mdh.
(game of),
le
Hand
it'-lo-kum.
Fry, to, mam'-ook la po-el'.
Frying-pan, la po-el'.
Handkerchief, hak'-ai-shum.
Hard, kull.
Hare, kwit'-shad-ie.
Full, pahtl.
Harrow,
Fundament,
o'-poots.
to, mam'-ook comb iV-
la-hie.
Hat, se-dh-po;
Haul, haul.
a.
Hazel-nuts,
se-dh-pult.
tuk'-wil-la.
Gallop, to, kwa-laV -kwa-lal'
Gather, to, ko'-ku-melh.
Get, to, ili'-kum.
He, his, ydh-ka.
Head, la tet.
Heart, tum'-tum.
Get
Get
Heaven, sagh-il-Ue
Heavy, till.
out, mahsh.
up, get-up', or
Ghost,
ket-op'.
skoo'-kum.
Gift, cuV-lus
pot'-latch.
Help,
Here,
PD Books
d'-la-hic.
to, mam'-ook e-lann'.
yuk'-ioa.
'
PART
Hermaphrodite,
II.
ENGLISH
bur'-dash.
—CHINOOK.
Knotty,
Know,
Hide, to, ip'-soot.
High, s&gh-a-lie.
hunl'-kih.
to, kum'-tuks.
Hit, to, kwuVh.
Hoe,
Hog,
L.
la pe-osh'.
ILame, Mook
co'-sho.
Hole,
Lamprey
kla-whap'.
How,
How
How
many,
kla-how' -ya.
kun'-sih; kun'-
juk.
Hundred, iuk-a-me'-nuk.
Hungry, o'-fo.
Hurry, hoivh/ hy-ak'.
I.
ni-ka.
If, spose.
In, ko'-pa.
la lang.
Large, hy-as'.
Lately, cliee.
Laughter, hee'-hee.
kdh-ta.
are you,
te-&k-wit.
eel, skwak'-wal.
Language,
Holiday, mnday.
Horn, stone.
Horse, kiu'-a-tan.
House, house.
I,
37
Lazy,
Leap,
to, so'-pe-na.
Leaf,
tup'-so,
lazy.
or
tip'-so.
Lean, to, lagh.
Leave, to, mahsh.
Leave
off, to, ko-pet'.
Leg, te-ah-wil.
Leggings, mi-iass'.
Lend,
to, a-y&h-wlml.
Lick, to, klak'-wun.
Lie, to, klim-in'-a-whit.
Like, k&h-kwa.
Like, to, tik-egh.
Indian, si'-wash.
In shore, mdkt-wil-lie.
Iron, chik'-a-min.
Long,
youtl'-kut.
It, y&h-ka.
Long
ago,
Little,
ien'-as.
dhn-kut-te,
or
dhn-
kot-tie.
J.
Jealous,
Jump,
sick tum'-lum.
to, so'-pe-na.
K.
Look,
to,
!
LooMng-glass, she-lok'-um.
Loose, stoh.
Lose the way, to, tso'-lo;
isee-pie'
Kam-ass root,
la'-ka-mass.
Kettle, ket-ling.
Kick, to, chuk'-kin.
Kiss, to kiss,
Knife,
nan'-itsh.
Look here! nah.
Look out klose nan'-itsh.
way-hut.
Louse, e'-na-poo, or
Love, to, tik-egh.
M.
he'-be.
o'-pit-sah.
Knock,
to,
Jco'-ko.
Magic,
PD Books
ta-mdh-no-us.
in'-a-poo.
PD Commons
PAET
,38
ENGLISH
II.
Make, to, mam'-ook.
Man, man.
Many, hy-iu'.
Marry, to, mal-i-eh.
Mass (Ceremony of), la
Nails,
to, mam'-ook
Menstruate,
le
cloo.
Name, nem/
mease.
Mast, ship stick.
Mat, klis'-kwiss.
Mattock, la pe-osh'.
Measure, to, tah'-nim.
Meat, itl'-wil-lie.
Medicine, la men' -tin.
Mend,
—CHINOOK.
yah-hul.
Near, wake si-dh.
Neck, le ecu.
Needle, keep'-wot.
New,
chee.
Night, po'-lak-lie.
Nine, kwaist, or kweest.
No, not,
tip'-shin.
to, m^-ksh pH'-
pil.
Noise,
wake.
la tlah.
None, ha'-lo.
Nonsense, cul'-tus
Noon, sit-kum sun.
Metal, metallic, cMk'-a-min.
Middle, the, kat'-suk, or kot'- Nose,
wau'-wau.
nose.
Not-vTithstanding, Mgh-tchie
suk.
Midnight, sit'-kum po'-lak-lie. Now, al'-ta.
Milk, to-toosk'.
Numerals
—
Mill,
moo'-la.
Mind, the,
Miss, to,
tum'-tum.
Molasses,
ikt.
2,
mokst.
S, klone.
isee'-pie.
Mistake, to, tsee'-pie.
Moccasins, skin-shoes.
Money,
1,
mel-ass'.
ehik'-a-min.
Month, moon.
Moon, moon.
More, weffht.
4,
lakit.
5,
kwinnum.
6,
taghum.
7,
sinnamakst.
8, stotekin.
9, kwaist.
10, tahilelum.
Mosquito, mel'-a-kwa.
Mother, mama; na'-ah.
Mountain, la mon'-ti.
Mouse, hooV-hool.
11, tahilelum pe ikt
20, makst iahtlelum.
100, ikt takamonuk.
Nuts,
Mouth, la boos.
Much, hy-iu'.
Mule, le mel.
Musical Instrument,
0.
tin'-
Oak,
kull stick.
Oar, la lahm /
Oats, la wen.
OS, klak.
tin.
Musket,
tuk'-wil-la.
musket.
Mussels, to'-luks.
My, mine, ni'-ka.
OS
PD Books
la lum.
shore, mdht-Unrnie
PART
Oil,
n.
ENGLISH
Posteriors,
fflease.
Old,
One, ikt.
One-eyed,
o'-poots.
Powder,
po'-lal-Ue.
Prairie w^olf, tal'-a-pus.
Presently, al'-kie; win'-a-pie
Pretty, to'ke-tie.
ikt se-dh-host.
Open, hdh-lakl.
Opposite to, in'-a-ti.
pe.
Priest,
le plet.
Proud,
yotttl ; kwetl'h.
Provided
Order, to, mahsh tum'-tum.
Other, hul-o'-i-ma.
Otter (land), ne-mam'-ooks.
Our, ne-si'-ka.
Out doors,
39
Potato, wap'-pa-too.
Pour, to, wagh.
o'-le-man.
Old man, o'-le-man.
Old woman, lam'-mi-eh.
Or,
CHINOOK.
that,
Pull, haul.
Q.
klagh-a-nie.
Ox, moos'-moos.
Oyster, chet'-Ib,
or
jet'-lo;
kl6gh-klogh.
Quarter,
ten' -as sit'-kum.
Quarter
(of a
Quick,
hy-ak'.
Quills,
te-pih.
dollar),
kwah-ta
P.
R.
Paddle, a, is'-ick.
Paddle, to, mam'-ook is'-kk.
Paint, pent.
Paint, t6, mam'-ook pent.
Paper, peh-pah.
Razor
Peas, le pwau.
People, til'4-kum.
Perhaps,
fish, o'-na.
Reach, ko.
Red, pil.
klo-nas'.
Petticoat,
Piebald, le
Rabbit, kwit'-shad4e.
Rain, snass.
Rattle, shugk.
Rattlesnake, shugho' -pools.
Relate, to, yi'-em.
Return, to, kel'-i-pi.
kal-a-kwah'-tie.
kye.
Pin, kwek'-wi-ens.
Ribbon,
Pipe, la peep.
Pitch, la gome.
Plate, la si-eV.
Pleased, youtl.
Rice,
Rifle, caV -li-peen.
la pehsh.
Poor,
kla-how'-yum /
ik'-ta.
Fork,
co'-sho.
lo'-ba.
Ring, a, kweo-kweo.
Ripe, pi'-ah.
River, chuck.
Plough, le skal-loo'.
Plough, to, klugh il'-la-hie.
Pole,
le
lice.
ha'-lo
Road,
way' -hut.
Roan
colored,
Roast, mam'-ook
Rock,
Rope,
PD Books
stone.
lope.
san'-de-Ue.
la pel-lah'.
;
PD Commons
PART
40
Rotten,
—CHINOOK.
Shot,
poo'-lie.
Sick,
Sift, to,
la sell.
Silk, la sway.
le pish'-e-
soil.
Silver, t'kope chik'-a-min.
Similar, kdh-kwa.
Since, kim-ta.
speaker; a is,
salt.
Sand,
po'-lal-lie.
Sash,
la san-jel'.
Saw,
la
gwin;
Skin,
skin.
Skunk, hum
Sky,
co'-sho.
koo'-sagh.
Slave, e-li'-te ; mist'-shi-mus.
Sleep, moo'-sum.
Sell, to, m&hrTcoolc.-
Slowly,
Seven,
Small,
Smell,
sin'-Or-moxt.'
to, mam'-ooh
Shame,
tip'-shin.
kldh-wa.
ten'-as.
a,
Smoke,
to-to; huV-lel.
shem.
Snake,
Sheirp, y&h-kis-iWh.
Sharpen, to, manC-ook
Snow,
tsish.
She, her, yah-ka.
Sheep, le moo'-to.
Shell money (the
o'-poots; piu'-piu;
skuh'-e-you.
le see'-zo.
Shake, to,
younger.
Six, tdgh-um.
la scie.
Sea, salt-chuck.
Seal, ol'-hi-yu si'-wash
See, to, nan'-itsh.
Sew,
if
mit'-lite.
Sit, to,
Say, to, wau'-wau.
Scissors,
to-to.
Sing, to, shan'-tie.
Sister, k&hp-ho, if older than the
Sailor, sMp'-man,
Salmon', salmon.
Salt,
le-sac'
sick.
sak.
mo.
Sail,
bal.
Shout, to, hy'-as wau'-wau.
Shovel, la pell.
Shut, to, ik-poo'-ie.
s.
Saddle housings,
le
ka-li-tan
isole'-pat.
o'-poots.
lum.
Sack, le
Saddle,
shot; ten' -as
Shot pouch,
Round, lo'-lo.
Rudder, hoat
Rum,
ENGLISH
n.
Soap,
humm.
smoke.
o'-luk.
snow ;
cole snass.
soap.
Soft, klim'-min.
Sorrel colored,
small
size),
coop-coop; (the large), hy-kwa.
Shingle, le-bah-do.
Shining, to^w&gh.
Ship, ship.
Shirt, shut.
Shoes, shoes.
Shoot, to, mam'-ook poo.
Short, yUtes-kut.
le
a sorrel horse,
blau.
Sorry,
Sour,
sick tum'-tum.
kwates.
Spade,
Speak,
la pell.
to, wau'-wau.
Spill, to, wagh.
Spirits, lum.
Split, tsugh.
Split, to, mam'-ook tsugh.
PD Books
PART
Spectacles,
ir.
ENGLISH
CHINOOK.
dol'-la se-&gh-ost,
41
T.
or lak-it se-agh-ost.
Spit, to, mam'-oofc
Table,
toh.
become,
Split, to
ch&h-ko
la
le
kye ; tzum.
Spurs, le xee'-blo.
Squirrel, skwU'-kwix.
Stab, to. klem'-a-huii.
Stand, to,
kliik ;
Tale,
Steal, to,
kap-su-al-la.
ship.
a-mo'-te.
stone.
Thank you,
That,
mdh-sie.
o'-koke.
That way,
ydh-ioa.
There, ydh-wa;
They,
Thick
ko-p&h.
klas'-ka.
(as molasses), pit'-lilh.
Thin
Strong, skoo'-kum.
Sturgeon, stutch'-un.
Sugar, le sook ^ shu'-gah ;
kum'-tuks.
ta.kt-le-lum.
Testicles,
si'-pah.
(as
a board), p'chih; pe-
what'-tie.
Thing,
This,
shu'-
kwa.
Sunday,
kwass.
Tell, to, wau'-wau.
Ten,
Stockings, stock'-en; kush-is'.
Stone, stone.
Stop, to, ko-pet'.
Store, mdh-kook house.
Story, eh-kdh-nam.
Straight, de-lAte, or de-let';
Summer, waum
story, yi'-em; eh-kdh-
Tea, tea.
Teach, tO; mam'-ook
Tear, to, klugh.
Teeth, le tdh.
Stick, a, stick.
Stink, a, pid-piu ; huinm.
Stirrup, sit'-lay.
Sun, sun;
mam'ook
to, wau'-wau.
Tame,
mit'-lite.
Strawberries,
out,
or
miiltsh.
or
Talk,
mU'-whit.
Steam, smoke.
Steamer, pi'-ah
klose nan'-itsh.
!
num.
tsW-tsil.
Stay, to,
to, is'-kum.
Take care
Take off,
spoon.
Spotted
tahh.
o'-poots.
Take,
huyh.
Spoon,
Stars,
Tail,
il'-la-Me.
6te-lagh.
ik'-tah.
o'-koke.
This way, yuk'-wa.
Thou, thy, thine, mi'-ka.
Thread, kla-pite.
Three, kXme.
Throw
sunday.
Sunset, klip sun.
Suppose, spose.
Tide,
Swan, kdh-loke.
Sweep, to, mam'-ook
Sweet, tsee.
Swim, sit'-shum.
Tight,
aw^ay, mahsh.
see chuck.
Tie, to, kow.
bloom.
kioutl.
Tinware, ma4dh.
Tip, to, lagh.
Tired, till.
To, towards,
PD Books
ko'-pa.
,
PD Commons
PAET
42
Tobacco,
ENGLISH
ki'-nootl; Id'-noos.
To-morrow,
Tongue,
II.
Trail, way'-hut.
ten' -as
Two, twice,
lope; kla-pite.
mokst.
Whole,
lo'-lo.
le-mo'-lo.
Wicked, m^-sdh-chie.
Wide, kluk-ulh'.
mam'-ook
stoh;
Wild,
k&h-ta.
le
mo'-lo.
Will, the, tum'-tum.
s&gh-a-lie.
Willow, ee'^nastick.
Win, to, to'-lo.
Wind, wind.
Upset, to, kel'-i-pi.
Us, ne-si'-ka.
Winter,
Y.
Venereal, the, pi'-ah
Venison, mow'-itsh.
sick.
hy-as'.
Vessel, ship.
Vest, la west.
Vomit,
Hkope.
klak'-sta.
WTiy,
mahsh kow.
Very,
Who,
sick tum'-tutn.
Untie, to,
Up,
What, ik'-tah.
Wheat, sap'-o-lill.
Wheel, Usik'-tsik; chik'-chik.
When, kan'-sih; kun-juk.
Where, kah.
Whip, le whet.
White,
tot.
Under, kee'-kwil-Ue.
Understand, to, kum'-tuks.
Unhappy,
Untamed,
tum'-water.
ne-si'-ka.
kwad'-dis.
u.
Uncle,
We,
wash.
Weigh, to, mam'-ook till.
Wet, pahtl chuck.
Whale, eh'-ko-lie; kwdh-nice;
sa-kol'-eks.
True, de-l&te.
Truth, de-l&le wau'-wau.
Tub, ta-mo'-litsh.
Twine,
waum.
Waterfall,
stick.
teh-teh.
Trowsers,
to, tik-igh.
Wash, to, mam'-ook
Watch, a, tik'-tik.
Water, chuck.
la lang.
Trot, to,
Want,
Warm,
to-moV-la.
Trap, la pUge.
Tree, stkk.
Tree, fallen, whim
—CHINOOK.
cole H'-la-hie.
Wipe, to, klak'-wun.
Wire, chik'-a-min lope.
Wish, to, tik-egh.
With, ko'-pa.
Without, ha'-lo.
Wolf,
le-loo'.
Woman, klootsh'-man.
Woman, (old), lam'-mi-eh.
to, wagh.
Wood, wooden, stick.
Work, to, mam'-ook.
w.
Wagon, t.vk'-tslk; chik'-chik.
Wander, to, tso'-lo.
PD Books
Worn
out, d-le-man.
Worthless,
cul'-tus.
PAST
Wound,
n.
ENGLISH
—CHINOOK.
Yellow,
to, kkm'-a-hun.
43
kaw'-ka-wak.
"Write, to, mam' -ookj>Sh-pah;
mam'-ooh teum.
Yes, dh-ha; e-eh.
Yes indeed, na-wit'-ka.
Writing,
Yesterday,
tzum.
t&hl-hk;
tdhl-kie
yOurs,
me-si'-
sun.
Y^
You,
your,
ka.
Year,
ikt coU.
Young,
PD Books
ten'-as.
•
;
PD Commons
THE LORD'S PRAYER IN JARGON.
Nesika papa klaksta mitlite kopa
Our
father
who
stayeth
in
tumtum mika nem;
thy
hearts (be)
kloshe mika
good
name
;
kloshe mika tyee kopa
good
chief among
thou
tumtum kopa
thy
will
illahie,
upon
wake
(be) not
nesika,
us
day
our
mika hyas
thou
very
wake nesika
not
we
kahkwa kopa
earth
konaway sun nesika muckamuck.
every
kloshe kopa nesika
good
in
our
saghalie,
the above,
food.
as
in
Spose nesika
If
we
solleks,
pe
spose
angry,
and
if
klaksta
any one
konaway tilikum;
people
all
saghalie.
Potlatch
the above.
Give
mamook
masahchie,
do
ill,
masahchie
all
kopa
towards
solleks
kopa
klaska.
Mahsh
siah
kopa
angry
towards
them.
Send away,
far
from
nesaika konaway masahchie.
us
.
evil
evil.
Kloshe kahkwa.
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