What is Hybrid Power?

Transcription

The simulation based
dimensioning and cost-benefit
analysis in island grids
Burkhard Dittmann
November 12th 2012
Electrical Power Systems
This presentation is intended only for the individual or entity to which it is addressed and may contain information that is the Confidential and/or Proprietary
Information of Woodward, Inc., the disclosure of which may be in violation of applicable law. If you are not the intended recipient, or an employee or agent
responsible for delivery to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, distribution, or copying of this message is strictly prohibited and
you are requested to notify us immediately by telephone.
Agenda
• Who is Woodward?
• Why Woodward does have to tell something
 An example from aviation
• What is Hybrid Power?
• Elements of Hybrid Power





CHP
Wind Power
Balancing Power
Solar Power
Storage
• Results of Simulation
 Long-term considerations
 Short-term considerations (transients)
• Summary
Who is Woodward?
Energy
EPS
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•
•
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Power Converter for
Wind Turbines
Power Converter for
Solar Parks and
Energy Storages
Genset Controllers/
Power Management
Protection and
Control Relays
Solutions for Hybrid
Power Stations
Aerospace
ES
•
•
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•
Fuel Delivery
Systems
Ignition Systems
Electronic Engine
Control & Electrical
Sensor Suite
Lube & Scavenge
Systems
Combustion Systems
ITS
•
•
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Fuel Pumps
Fuel Mixers
Fuel Injectors
Actuators/Solenoids
Governors
Digital turbine and
compressor controls
Overspeed protection
ATS
•
•
•
•
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Fuel Pumps
Fuel Mixers
Fuel Injectors
Drive-by-wire
throttles
Actuators/Solenoids
Governors
Digital controls
Controlling the Power of Energy
AS
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•
•
•
•
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Motors
Sensors
Gearing
Electronics
Actuators
Integrated Systems
Flight Deck Control
4
An example from aviation
• 2% of all worldwide CO2 emission is caused by civil aviation
• 70-80% of all flights worldwide are operated by narrowbody
•
aircrafts
The new engines designed for narrowbody aircrafts claim a
fuel reduction of 15%
Woodward components control approx. 50% of all aviation fuel consumption
5
Narrowbody Aircrafts
6
The current situation with BESS in Hybrid
Ferrari F40
Ferrari F40
…nice, but I think I’ll wait for the F50…
7
Ferrari F50
Ferrari F50
…nice,
…nice,but
butIIthink
thinkI’ll
I’llwait
waitfor
forthe
theF60…
F60…
8
Ferrari F60
Ferrari F60
…nice,
…nice,but
butIIthink
thinkI’ll
I’llwait
waitfor
forthe
theF70…
F70…
9
Ferrari F70
Ferrari F60
Ferrari F70
…nice,
…nice,but
butIIthink
thinkI’ll
I’llwait
waitfor
forthe…
the F80…
The F70, the first hybrid Ferrari (2013)
Principle building blocks of Hybrid Power
Energy
Management
Hybrid
Power ControlSystem
System
Minimize CO2 emissions with Hybrid Power Stations and
save up to 85% fossil fuels per year!
11
What is Hybrid Power?
More than one DER is characteristic for Hybrid Power
12
Focus Statement
• Woodward focus on those projects with relatively high
•
•
energy demand in bad developed regions (off-grid /
islands)
Woodward helps to upgrade or extend conventional
Power Plants for increasing energy demand
Woodward enables the utilization of renewable energies
with positive effects on CO2 emissions and energy cost
UCTE-Grid
VS.
13
Elements of Hybrid Power: CHP
• Combined Heat & Power (CHP) project Bramming /DK
• High share of volatile renewable energy require a quick response of
existing power generation assets.
• This includes voltage, power, reactive power and speed/frequency
Operator: Bramming Fjernvarme Amba
REpower 5M
Configuration: 2 X 2.88-MW G3612 engines, 1 X 3.85-MW G3616
equipped with
engine, 1 X 6.1-MW G16CM34 engine, CHP
CONCYCLE®
Operation: 1994-2001
Wind Converter
Fuel: natural gas
System
E/G supplier: Caterpillar
EPC: Tjaereborg Industri A/S
Quick facts: The overall thermal efficiency of the G16CM34 engine is
estimated to be 92%, one of the best rates of all Danish district
heating power plants. As part of the power plant extension project, an
additional heating storage tank was installed. In combination with the
operation of the new larger engine, the operator can now keep the
G3600 engines in standby mode. Electricity produced by the plant is
sold into the national grid.
Source: Power Plants Around The World
Woodward enabled this power station to contribute to the “Cell” project
14
Elements of Hybrid Power: Wind Power
• 16 years of focused experience in Wind Power with over 9000
•
systems installed worldwide
Woodward delivers Power Converters from 1 MW to 10 MW in
LV and MV configuration for on- and off-shore applications
REpower 5M
equipped with
CONCYCLE®
Wind Converter
System
1000 kW
1500 kW
1999-2001
500 kW
600 kW
750 kW
1996-1998
2002-2005
1500 kW
2000 kW
2500 kW
5000 kW
2006-2009
2000 kW
2500 kW
3300 kW
6000 kW
Woodward components control approx. 23 GW Wind Power
15
Elements of Hybrid Power: Balancing Power
• The operator of this Power Station is active in several fields
•
of renewable energy as for instance biomass
This Diesel-fired power station with 120 engines of 9 MW each
backs-up a big Hydro Power Plant in the region of Bahia,
Brazil
Woodward delivered the control for the biggest Power Station of that kind
16
Elements of Hybrid Power: Solar Power
• Woodward produces Solar Inverters and the accessories
•
in a power range from 250 kW to 1 MW
The protection degree of IP 55 (out-door version) allow
the open-air placement
Woodward Solar Inverters control approx. 40 MW Solar Power Generation
17
Elements of Hybrid Power: Storage
• Woodward manufactures Battery Inverters for NaS, Li•
Ion and Super-Cap Energy Storages
The Inverters comprise a Battery Management as well as
a Communication Interface acc. to IEC 61850
Modular Inverter
Modular Energy Storage
Modular Inverter
Modular Energy Storage
Woodward is to deliver the Battery Inverters for Graciosa
Source: Younicos
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Hybrid Power Station Decision Factors
External Parameters
Local availability
of Renewables
Oil-Price
Input Parameters
Sun Forecast
Consumption Forecast
Status Solar Park
Subsidies (EEG) Wind Forecast
Emission
Certificate Trade
Quality of
forecast
Climate Conditions
Affordability
Idealism
Internal Parameters
Availability
Set Values
Wind Park
MAP for Wind Park
Set Values
Energy Storage
Min CO2 emission
Map for Solar Park Set Values Gensets
Status Energy Storage
Map for Energy Storage
Status Wind Park
Prioritization for
load shedding
Status Power Station
Status Consumers
Cable lengths
Actual Consumption
Remote Access
Output Parameters
Configuration of
Regulation Algorithm
Map for Gensets
Maintenance
Strategy
Load Shedding
Actual Energy Price
Control data for
Smart Home
Visualization
Simulation/Modeling is the key to find an
optimum Hybrid Power Station layout
Proprietary Information
●●●
19
Simulation/Modeling
• Individual mathematic models have to be created for
•
different demands, in order to get good results in a
reasonable timeframe
This results in different simulation requirements
 Long-term behavior (time-steps for a longer period, in h,d,w,m,y)
 Fast transients (many time-steps for a small period, in ms, s)
• As software-based Simulation is simplified,
Interpretation is always required
Otherwise:
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Simulation/Modeling
Chosen platform for long-term considerations: HOMER
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Create a Simulation project
• Configure your Hybrid Power Station
• Parameterize the elements
• Configure your load profile
 By setting values for each time-step (e.g. hour)
 By importing time series from other files (real measured values)
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• Configure your Genset(s)
 By entering datasheet or real values (if known), but fuel type “HFO” is missing!
• Configure your PV panels
• Configure your Inverter
• Select a battery-Type or create a new one
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• Enter values for different Resources/Other
 Select the location and download solar radiation values from the
NASA/HOMER Server
 Enter values for the fuel-prize
 Limited options under System Control
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• Run the simulation and check
the results
• Compare and optimize values
for selected assets
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Simulation/Modeling
Chosen platform for fast transients: DigSilent Power Factory
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Protection Device Calculation
Generator Protection
Station Transformer Protection
Step-Up Transformer Protection
Main-LV Protection
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Verification Documents (example)
Verification documents are issued for each of the protection devices
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What is Simulation/Modeling good for?
• Simulation is required to:
 calculate the energy flow in complex meshed systems
 analyze the stability of Hybrid Power Systems
 verify or modify the selected network element dimensioning
• Investigation of system response to steady and transient
•
•
actions and network topology modifications
Each real network element of those complex meshed
systems is reproduced by a specific model which represents
its static and dynamic (>1ms) behavior
The models can be arranged to different study and operation
cases depending on the considered application
As Software-based Simulation/Modeling is simplified, interpretation is always required!
29
Simulation Procedure
• The process of performing a stability study typically involves
the following steps:
 Calculation of load flow
 Calculation of initial values
 Definition of simulation events
 Definition of result graphs
 Execution of simulation
 Creating additional graphs/ editing existing graphs
 Printing results
30
Topology of Hybrid Power Systems
• Selected elements for Hybrid Power Systems:
 Genset
 Photovoltaic
 Wind turbine (wind park)
 Energy storage system (RedOx-flow,NaS battery,
SuperCap, flywheel)
 Load
 Dump load
 Asynchronous motor (ASM), synchronous motor (SM)
 External Grid
31
Simulation Tool Power Factory
• All models for a Default Hybrid Power System in PF are
developed by EnergyNautics GmbH
32
Data Input of Electrical Equipment
• Generators (UN, SN, xd, xq, xd’’, xq’’,cosϕ, Td’’, Tq’’, etc.)
• Photovoltaic (UN, SN, module temperature/solar radiation)
• Wind turbine/ wind park (UN, SN, wind speed)
• Energy storing system (UN, SN)
• Load (P, Q, load flow)
• Dump load (P, Q)
• ASM (UN, SN, fN, cosϕ, vN, p, etc.)
• SM (UN, SN, xd, xq, xd’’, xq’’,cosϕ, Td’’, Tq’’, etc.)
• Transformers (UN-HV, UN-LV, SN, uk, uk0, vector group, etc.)
• Cable (UN, IN, fN, R’, X’, R0’, X0’, C’, C0’, etc.)
• External grid (Skmax’’, Skmin’’, R/X, R0/X0, etc.)
33
Example Simulation Project
• Case 1: Genset 1, Genset 2, Load, PV, RedOx Battery
- Solar radiation = const.
- Load shedding 80% to 60%
- Genset 1: isochronous machine
- Genset 2: base load
34
• Simulation results, case 1
Genset 1:
Genset 2:
Load:
35
PV
RedOx Battery
RedOx Battery SOC
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- Solar radiation = const.
- Variable load
37
Genset 1:
Genset 2:
Load:
38
PV
RedOx Battery
RedOx Battery SOC
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- Solar radiation = 100%/ 10%/ 100%
- Load = const.
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Genset 1:
Genset 2:
Load:
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PV
RedOx Battery
RedOx Battery SOC
42
Summary
• Woodward has core competencies in elements of
•
•
•
•
Hybrid Power
Hybrid Power Investors/operators need to get a
realistic estimation on the ROI
The ROI calculation is based on simulation under
most realistic conditions
Simulation results need to be interpreted
Woodward has a profound knowledge on simulation
and offers consulting for Hybrid Power projects
And: - Hybrid Power is not a modern phenomenon only
43
Hybrid Power by 1903
Ferrari F60
…Thank You for Your
Attention!
Thank You For
Your Attention!
…Lohner Porsche
Hybrid

What is Hybrid Power?

Transcription

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