Massachusetts Historical Commission February 17

Transcription

Massachusetts Historical Commission
220 William T Morrissey Blvd
Boston, MA 02125
February 17, 2016
Dear William F Galvin,
The Swampscott Historic District Commission is pleased to submit the following Local
Historic District expansion to include the Rockland Street Local Historic District among
the current Local Historic Districts: Swampscott Fish House, Railroad Depot, Andrews
Chapel and Cemetery, and Frederick Law Olmsted. All necessary sections have been
completed for the submission according to the “Establishing Local Historic Districts”
document dated June 2003, revised by Christopher Skelly and reprinted September
2015. The Swampscott Local Historic District Commission welcomes the Massachusetts
Historical Commission to contact us at any time regarding the submission and look
forward to working with you on this expansion.
_____________________
Chair of Swampscott Historic District Commission
pg. 1
The Town Of Swampscott’s Preliminary
Study Report for the formation of:
The Rockland Street
Local Historic District
Submitted on:
Submitted to:
Submitted by:
Prepared by:
02 17 2016
Swampscott Planning Board and Massachusetts Historical Commission
Swampscott Historic District Commission
Swampscott Historic District Study Committee
pg. 2
SUMMARY SHEET
Contact
Peter Kane, Director of Community Development
Planning Department
22 Monument Ave
Swampscott, MA 01907
781.596.8829
Jer Jurma, Chair of Swampscott Historic District Commission
Historic District Study Committee
Justina Oliver, Chair
Richard Smith, Vice Chair
Sharon Donovan, Secretary
Sylvia Belkin
Dana Anderson
Mitchell Zoerhoff
Mary Bester
Planned Date of the Public Hearing
April 20, 2015
Date of Town Meeting
May 2, 2015
Total Number of Properties in Proposed District
38
Preliminary Report Conclusion
It is the recommendation of the Swampscott Historic District Commission that the
following area be designated as part of the Local Historic District by the Town of
Swampscott and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts:
The Rockland Street Local Historic District
pg. 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5
Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 9
Historical Significance ...............................................................................................................11
Justification of Proposed Boundaries ………………………………………………………………...14
Map ………………………………………………………………………………………………………15
Property Index…………………………………………………………………………………………...16
The Local Historic District Bylaw ...............................................................................................18
Inventory Forms.………………………………………………………………………………………...27
Slides…………...………………………………………………………………………………………...
pg. 4
INTRODUCTION
Swampscott was first settled in 1629 by the Ingalls Family from Salem, Puritans that had fled
England. The family established the first tannery in New England here in 1632. In Swampscott
they settled amongst the great Algonquin Indians along Black Will’s Cliff. It is from this tribe that
the area got its name, Musquiompskut, translated ‘at the red rock’, later shortened by the
English to Swampscot and further adopted as Swampscott. In 1634, Deputy Governor John
Humphrey from England was granted an estate in Swampscott. By 1641, Sir Humphrey and his
wife left Swampscott for their home country while their children stayed behind. Much of the land
was sold off and became the property of Daniel King, a merchant, for which King’s Beach bears
his name. His son, Captain Ralph King, obtained the land upon his death. His land, which
contained 654 acres, was later divided and sold, most of the land being purchased by the
families of Blaney, Ingalls, Phillips, and Fuller.
As more settlers came to Swampscott, fishing became the natural industry along the shoreline.
The majority of the early residents worked as fishermen or shoe cobblers for the Lynn shoe
manufacturers. In the early 19th century Swampscott saw a growth in population which led to the
subdivision of land eastward of Black Will’s Cliff between King’s and Blaney’s Beaches. A small
commercial center was formed along Humphrey Street and residential neighborhood up the hill.
In 1852, Swampscott won the vote to incorporate as its own town. As a quiet fishing village with
a few small farms, it made perfect sense to withdraw from the bustling industrial city of Lynn.
The railroad system reached Swampscott from Boston by 1838 and Humphrey St was widened
to connect to Lynn by streetcar. With the rail system and streetcar bringing easier accessibility,
the fishing industry declined and Swampscott grew as a summer resort and commuter suburb of
Lynn. By the 1840s, Swampscott was becoming a summer destination with several hotels and
summer estates.
The early years of Swampscott featured two significant and unique developments that would
differentiate it from other American towns. First, Swampscott and nearby Nahant were two of
the first summer resort destinations for wealthy city-dwellers. This allowed it to flourish early on
in its history, and this is true for only a few coastal towns that exist today on the Atlantic
coastline, making Swampscott fairly unique in this regard. Second, from a residential
development standpoint, Swampscott also has historical significance. In the 1880’s, after estate
owner E. Redington Mudge passed away, Elmwood, his 130-acre estate, was re-developed by
the Swampscott Land Trust which engaged the pioneer of American landscape architecture,
Frederick Law Olmsted. The estate, with its open views of the ocean was enhanced by
Olmsted’s design of natural, curving roads, and complemented by beautiful houses constructed
on its lots. The area is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In addition to the
Olmsted District, the town has five individual properties listed on the National Register of
Historic Places:
pg. 5
•
20 acres of Swampscott Cemetery, including Andrews Chapel
•
The Elihu Thomson House (used as Swampscott Town Hall, located within the Frederick
Law Olmsted National Historic District)
•
The John Humphrey House (home of the first lieutenant governor of the Massachusetts
Bay Colony, also located within the Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic District)
•
The Swampscott Railroad Depot
•
The Fish House
To protect the Olmsted district and the other National Registered Properties in Swampscott, a
Local Historic District was established in 2014 at the approval of town meeting vote and the
Massachusetts Attorney General. The establishment of this Local Historic District reflects the
residents desire to protect and preserve the history of Swampscott through the preservation of
buildings and their parcels.
The first Local Historic Districts in Massachusetts were established in 1955 on Nantucket and
on Boston’s Beacon Hill. Since then, over 200 districts have been established statewide under
Massachusetts General Law Chapter 40C. A Local Historic District offers the strongest
protection possible for the preservation of historic structures and community fabric. It provides a
mechanism to manage change and avoid inappropriate alteration or demolition. Chapter 40C
also grants the local municipality the ability to establish a Historic District Commission. Within a
Local Historic District, any significant alterations to the exterior of a structure visible from a
public way, park, or body of water are subject to the review of the Historic District Commission.
Swampscott’s rich historical environment developed in concert with surrounding communities,
including Lynn, Salem, and Marblehead. Each of these communities has made significant
efforts in preserving their historical resources, and Marblehead and Salem have established
several local historic districts. As of this writing, out of the 351 communities that make up the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 120 of them have one or more Local Historic Districts. The
following is a summary of neighboring communities and their preservations efforts:
Lynn
Lynn is the only neighboring community that does not have a local historic district, but it does
have significant protection of historic properties through municipal ordinances. Lynn’s “Historic
Districts Act,” was made law in July 1998. The city ordinance recognizes Inventory of Historic
Assets that is based in part on the Massachusetts Historical Commission’s (MHC) Inventory of
Historic and Archaeological Assets. This inventory is a statewide list that identifies significant
historic resources throughout the Commonwealth. In order to be included in the inventory, a
property must be documented on an MHC inventory form, which is then entered into the MHC
database.
pg. 6
According to the MHC, Lynn’s inventory includes 1,340 properties that date from 1666 to 1988.
Lynn’s inventory was initially done between 1977 and 1987, with updates for Lynn Woods and
the Diamond District in the early 1990s. The vast majority of properties inventoried are
buildings. The municipal ordinance prevents the demolition of the historic assets that are
recognized on the inventory.
Salem
Salem has a very active historical commission and well established historic districts. Derby
Street LHD was established in 1974 and includes all of the buildings on both sides of Derby
Street, beginning at Herbert Street and extending north to Blockhouse Square. Derby Wharf
and the entire House of Seven Gables complex off Turner Street are also included.
The Washington Square LHD was established in 1977 and includes the nine-acre Salem
Common, properly called Washington Square, and most of the structures which abut it on three
surrounding streets, Washington Square North, South, and West. Several buildings on upper
Winter Street are also included.
Established in 1981, the McIntire LHD incorporates two previously established districts, the
Chestnut Street Historic District (1971) and the Federal Street Area Historic District (1976), with
the addition of some 249 structures on upper Essex, Broad, and Warren Streets, Dalton
Parkway, and various cross and side streets in between.
Created in 1985, the Lafayette Street Historic District contains Salem’s most important collection
of late 19th century Victorian residences. The district is composed of three blocks, extending
along Lafayette Street from Holly and Leach Streets to Forest and Clifton Avenues, in an area
once known as South Fields. From the early 18th Century until 1900, many high-style homes
were constructed along Lafayette Street.
The above noted Salem LHDs reflect continual efforts to preserve historic resource dating back
to the late 1960s and corresponding to the establishment of the Massachusetts Historical
Commission in 1963.
Marblehead
Marblehead also got an early start in its preservation efforts. Marblehead’s Historic District was
established in 1965, under the Massachusetts General Court Historic District Act. By 1973 its
regulations were enacted into law under Chapter 233, “OLD AND HISTORIC DISTRICT
REGULATIONS.” The governing body is called the Old and Historic Marblehead Districts
Commission. The districts map includes the original settlement around the harbor and extends
up to three blocks inland. It also includes Crowninshield Island. The district is one of the largest
contiguous colonial districts to be placed on National Register.
pg. 7
In conclusion, the establishment of the Local Historic Districts in Swampscott has started to help
preserve the character of the town by providing protection from further demolition and
inappropriate remodeling. These districts will maintain the town’s historic appearance, create
neighborhood stabilization and foster pride in the community. Beyond preservation, the Local
Historic District will foster contextual growth and enhance a strong sense of place in future
development. Introducing another Local Historic District in Swampscott will continue to maintain
the history and character of this seaside town.
pg. 8
METHODOLOGY
The Swampscott Historic District Commission was voted into action by unanimous vote of
Swampscott Town Meeting in May 2014. The HDC oversees the following within the Local
Historic District: Frederick Law Olmsted Subdivision, Swampscott Fish House, Swampscott
Railroad Depot, and Swampscott Cemetery with Andrews Chapel. Action on the originally
appointed Historic District Study Committee began in April 2012 when Captain Jack’s Inn, a
historic inn on Humphrey Street, was demolished and replaced by a condominium complex,
raising great public concern over the future of Swampscott’s architectural legacy.
In 1992, the Massachusetts Historical Commission awarded a matching grant to Swampscott.
The grant gave the town a total of $12,000 to conduct a comprehensive survey to identify and
evaluate the town’s rich historic resources. The inventory, published in 1993, was compiled by
consultant Claire W. Dempsey and her assistants. Mrs. Dempsey focused her efforts on a
broad coverage of Swampscott’s historic resources, rather than an intense focus on a small
group of buildings. She found the town’s historic legacy to be extensive. She included 32
important individual properties, including Swampscott Town Hall, Hadley School, Fish House,
Rowe Farm, Swampscott Cemetery, and the Swampscott Middle School (formerly the Philips
School) on Greenwood Avenue. A Form A was inventoried for the oldest part of town,
Swampscott Center (SWA.A). Fourteen properties were identified and inventoried on Form B in
Swampscott Center. Among those fourteen properties, four on Rockland Street were identified,
11 Rockland Street (SWA.34), 26 Rockland Street (SWA.35), 49 Rockland Street (SWA.36),
and 57 Rockland Street (SWA.37).
In the fall of 2015, Swampscott residents of Rockland Street approached the Historical
Commission regarding the proposed demolition of a historic structure. The residents asked the
Historical Commission how they could preserve the character and history of their neighborhood.
As the administering Commission for the Local Historic District, the Historic District Commission
is proposing the addition of the Rockland Street Local Historic District. The Historic District
Commission voted in January 2016 to create a study committee to explore the expansion of the
Local Historic District.
The expansion of the Local Historic District to include Rockland Street will give the residents of
Rockland Street and beyond useful tools to preserve and enhance the existing historic quality of
their neighborhood. This area of the Local Historic District will be administered under the
existing town bylaws created in 2014 to steward the district and oversee all proposed additions
and alterations and safeguard the character of the area.
The HDSC intends to have the question of adding the Rockland Street Local Historic District
brought to Town Meeting in May 2016. This will require a public hearing which will take place in
April 2016.
pg. 9
As part of the process to develop the Rockland Street Local Historic District, the Historic District
Study Committee has performed a number of research and outreach initiatives:
• A neighborhood gathering held on November 24, 2015
• A public meeting of the Historic District Study Committee held on January 13, January
27, and February 10, 2016
• A survey mailed to Rockland Street property owners in January 2016
Of the surveys sent out, 35% responded, the response from residents is as follows:
• 100% think the historic architecture contributes to the desirability to live here
• 100% believe Rockland Street has historical significance to the town
• 93% believe Rockland Street adds distinct character to the town
• 93% think that tear-downs, new construction, or incompatible exterior renovations can
diminish the historic feeling of a neighborhood
The major response to come out of the survey was with the question: if the respondent would
support the establishment of a Rockland Street Local Historic District. With this question, 100%
said yes, 0% said no, 25% requested more information.
The Committee has plans for more outreach and public input:
• Meetings with various town boards and committees in February/March 2016
• Neighborhood meeting on March 2, 2016
• Media coverage by local newspaper
pg. 10
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Humphrey Street was one of two streets that existed in Swampscott in the early 19th century.
Humphrey Street was and remains the historic heart of Swampscott, a major thoroughfare
including both businesses and residential houses and is considered the “Gateway” of
Swampscott. Prior to 1800, only a few houses stood within the town, settlement primarily
situated eastward from Lynn along King’s Beach continuing along the shore and Humphrey
Street past Black Will’s Cliff. Humphrey Street was the hub of the economic activity in town
which included small-scale shoe manufacturing and fishing. By 1840, several schools were built,
one which was built on Humphrey Street. The Fisherman’s (Blaney’s) Beach area had a
grocery, tavern and school. In 1846, the area’s first post office was built on Humphrey Street.
Commercial activity appeared along Swampscott’s waterfront, from the Mudge or Monument
Square vicinity toward Fisherman’s Beach. By the early 19th century with the population
growing, the Blaney, Ingalls, and Fuller families that owned much of the land holdings in this
area started to sub-divide. There formed the current patterns of streets up the hill from Black
Will’s Cliff: Redington, Blaney, Rockland and King Streets. This area is known to be the earliest
residential area of Swampscott. From 1834-36, Benjamin Blaney acquired tillage land north of
Humphrey Street from his parents Joseph and Ruth Blaney. Benjamin subdivided this land into
smaller house lots and laid out Blaney Street. Houses were erected for carpenter and merchant
Henry Thing, Fishermen Joseph Blaney Jr., and Gorham Bracket, among others. Upon
Benjamin Blaney’s death in 1850, his land named ‘Blaney’s Field’ was subdivided and there
formed the house lots on Rose Street and lower Rockland Street.
Rockland Street curves up the hill from Redington Street to Greenwood Ave. This hill was
named for a Lynn Sagamore Native, Winnepurkitt, also referred to as Winepoykin, whom
succeeded his brother as Sachem of the range in the year 1633. This hill was his favorite
residence for it had one of the finest lookouts along the shore. An English cannon cast in 1798,
captured during the War of 1812, was mounted on the hill by Swampscott fishermen for firing
salutes from 1835-57. The hill was then referenced as Winnepisekitt Hill. The cannon now
rests at the park below at Blaney’s Beach as a memorial to the Fishermen.
Houses on Rockland Street were being constructed as early as 1850. The houses are built into
the rocky hillside, overlooking the waterfront. Many have high foundations with exposed
basement levels. Mortared stone retaining walls and rock gardens on the outcrops of ledge are
common features, some granite walls are also present. Many of the houses on the hillside are
oriented to the ocean rather than the street. Several on the northeast side of Rockland Street
are set up high and set back to see over to the ocean. Significant styles of architecture that can
be seen on the lower end of the hill are Greek Revival, Italianate, and Gothic Revival. Two most
well preserved examples of Italianate homes are at 7, an ell shape with regressed entry, and 11
Rockland Street (SWA.34), a T shaped gable block with center entry. Both of these homes
maintain widely overhanging eaves, a wide frieze trimmed with brackets and dentil moldings,
pg. 11
and one story bay windows trimmed with the same details. These properties were owned by
Isaac H. Andrews, builder and carpenter; it is believed that he built both homes and the carriage
house at 15 Rockland Street. The Andrews Chapel, listed in the National Register of Historic
Places and part of the Local Historic District, was constructed in memory of Mr. Andrews at the
Swampscott Cemetery, at the request of his wife Mary. He served on the Board of Selectman
and as Town Assessor. Two wood frame Gothic Revival homes at 49 and 57 Rockland are
excellent examples of the style. Both homes have steeply pitched gable roofs and rear facades
are directly oriented to the ocean. The house at 49 is sheathed in board and batten siding with
pointed arch diamond paned windows. Next door at 57, the house and attached carriage house
are sheathed in clapboards and trimmed with drop pendant brackets under the eaves. JB
Holder, first resident physician in Swampscott resided at 49 Rockland Street. As the Ingalls,
Fuller, and Phillips Families sub-divided their land holdings, the rest of Rockland Street was
being formed. Here you’ll find late 19th and early 20th century styles such as Shingle, Second
Empire, Colonial Revival, and Craftsman. There are 3 largely intact examples of Second
Empire at 68, 79, and 89 Rockland Street. The best preserved, 89 Rockland, displays the
mansard roof with molded cornices above and below the flared lower pitch, dormers with simple
entablatures, and a front entrance with elaborate casings and octagonal lites in the door. The
house at 69 Rockland, built circa 1850, was expanded between 1897 and 1905 and finished
with Georgian Revival details in a unique picturesque composition, the previous style was
believed to be Greek Revival. Further up the hill, 99 is a Shingle Style house with a hip roofed
volume overlaid with an asymmetric gable on the east side. Broad steps lead to a hip roofed
porch, with flared posts supporting the roof and a glassy vestibule. The shingles are applied
with every fourth course narrow, creating a banded effect. The window sizes and proportions
vary, with a 12/1 pattern being the most common on the street side. On the ocean side, four
windows are treated with an intricate, classically inspired mullion pattern. Across the street, 106
Rockland is a unique example of the Craftsman style. It is characterized by its stucco finish with
applied decorative half timbering, a broad, low pitched gable roof with exposed rafter tails
supported by massive round piers across a deep front porch, and a decorative rubble stone
chimney in the easterly façade. This hill presents a timeline of several American architectural
styles from the early 19th to mid 20th century.
Fishing continued to be the principal industry in Swampscott up to mid- 19th century. In 1851,
residents in the village included twenty four fishermen, three carpenters, one laborer, one
farmer, two widows, two merchants, and a gentleman. On an 1856 map, Humphrey St remained
the densely settled center of the village with approximately 35 houses, two shops, a hotel, a fire
house, and a post office. Nine houses were located on the present Blaney Street, eleven on
Rockland Street, eight on King Street, nine on Redington, and one on Rose (then called Unity).
Dwellings were most dense in the Lynn vicinity. Swampscott residents felt their neighborhood
differed from Lynn so they petitioned to form their own town government. In 1852 Swampscott
was incorporated and officially separated from Lynn.
By 1870, residential building extended from the railroad station area down Burrill to Humphrey
Street and the Monument Square vicinity. Building also expanded along Redington Street,
pg. 12
Humphrey Street, and Puritan Road (Orient Street). According to historic maps, Swampscott
experienced extraordinary growth in this area between 1872 and 1913, 51 new buildings were
constructed. In 1880, work was done to add electrified lighting to Humphrey St and along the
Beach Boulevard. Rockland Street was fitted with water and sewer supply by 1910. In 1893, the
Lynn & Boston Railroad Company established the infrastructure for a streetcar system along
Humphrey Street, adding further to the importance and connectivity of the town’s vibrant heart.
By 1913 Humphrey Street had become so congested that the town voted to widen it to seventy
feet at a total cost of $70,000, a cost justified by its importance as a town center and
increasingly as a thoroughfare. This project allowed Humphrey Street to thrive for many years
afterwards. The majority of the first residential neighborhood that borders Humphrey Street,
from Black Will’s Cliff up Winnepurkitt Hill, remains the way in which it did over 100 years ago.
pg. 13
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROPOSED BOUNDARIES
Maps of the proposed boundaries are located on page 15. The recommended boundaries of the
proposed Local Historic District area were determined from the physical beginning and end of
Rockland Street. The proposed district expansion reflects the residents desire to protect the
character and history of their neighborhood. This designation will identify and protect the
historic homes of this residential neighborhood.
Due to the dense historic development of the area surveyed, there are no undeveloped lots
currently. The district designation will render a design review of any alterations, additions, and
potential new construction.
pg. 14
MAPS
The proposed Rockland Street Local Historic District mapped on Swampscott GIS, February
2016.
pg. 15
PROPERTY INDEX
HISTORIC NAME
ANDREWS HOUSE
WILKINS HOUSE
HOLDER HOUSE
HALL HOUSE
STREET
#
7
STREET NAME
BUILT
HIGHLAND ST
1880-97
43
REDINGTON ST
1848-56
53
REDINGTON ST
1848-56
7
11
15
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1856-72
1872-80
1872-80
16
17
22
26
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1850
1881-97
1850
1849
27
29
33
34
38
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1850-80
1907-13
1920-28
1850
1907-13
39
42
45
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1850
1872-80
1850-56
49
50
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1850-56
1856-72
56
ROCKLAND ST
PRE 1856
57
62
68
69
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1851-56
1856-72
1872-80
PRE 1856
74
79
85
88
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1880-97
1872-80
1880-97
1872-80
89
94
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
1856-72
1890
95
ROCKLAND ST
INV.
FORM
34
35
36
37
ARCH. STYLE
VERNACULAR
ALTERED
VERNACULAR
ALTERED
VERNACULAR
ALTERED
ITALIANATE
ITALIANATE
ITALIANATE
CONVERTED
CARRIAGE HOUSE
VERNACULAR
COLONIAL REVIVAL
VERNACULAR
GREEK REVIVAL
ALTERED
GOTHIC REVIVAL
SHINGLE
DUTCH COLONIAL
COTTAGE
CONVERTED
CARRIAGE HOUSE
COTTAGE
QUEEN ANNE
COLONIAL REVIVAL
ALTERED
GOTHIC REVIVAL
GREEK REVIVAL
ALTERED
GREEK REVIVAL
ALTERED
GOTHIC REVIVAL
ITALIANATE
SECOND EMPIRE
GEORGIAN
REVIVAL ALTERED
COLONIAL REVIVAL
SECOND EMPIRE
QUEEN ANNE
VERNACULAR
ALTERED
SECOND EMPIRE
SECOND EMPIRE
ALTERED
ALTERED
pg. 16
98
99
101
103
105
106
9
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROCKLAND ST
ROSE ST
1865
1897-1905
1925
1929
1905-24
1920
1905-24
SECOND EMPIRE
SHINGLE
CAPE
TUDOR COTTAGE
CRAFSTMAN
CRAFTSMAN
VERNACULAR
ALTERED
pg. 17
THE LOCAL HISTORIC DISTRICT BYLAW
The Swampscott General Bylaw proposed amendment to include Appendix 5 (see page 26).
SWAMPSCOTT GENERAL BYLAW
ARTICLE
IX ,
S ECTION 7:
L OCAL H ISTORIC D ISTRICT
The Town of Swampscott hereby establishes a Local Historic District, to be administered by a Historic
District Commission as provided for under Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40C, as amended.
A. PURPOSE
The purpose of this By-law is to promote the cultural, economic, educational and general welfare of the
inhabitants of the Town of Swampscott through: 1.) the preservation and protection of the distinctive
characteristic of buildings and places significant in the history and development of Swampscott; 2.)
maintaining and improving the settings of these buildings and places; and 3.) the encouragement of
design compatible with buildings existing in the area, so as to continue to maintain the historic center,
fishing, cultural, commercial and residential character and other qualities which distinguish the town as a
desirable community for its residents and visitors.
B. DEFINITIONS
The terms defined in this section shall be capitalized throughout ”Section 7: Local Historic District.”
Where a defined term has not been capitalized, it is intended that the meaning of the term be the same as
the meaning ascribed to it in this section unless another meaning is clearly intended by its context. As
used in ”Section 7: Local Historic District,” the following terms shall have the following meaning:
ALTERATIONS, TO ALTER
As applied to a building or structure, a change or rearrangement in the structural parts or in the
existing facilities, or an enlargement whether by extending on a side or by increasing in height, or
the moving from one (1) location or position to another.
BUILDING
A structure enclosed within exterior walls or firewalls, built, erected, and framed of a combination
of any materials, whether portable or fixed, having a roof, to form a structure for the shelter of
persons, animals, or property. For the purposes of this definition, "roof" shall include an awning or
any similar covering, whether or not permanent in nature.
CERTIFICATE
A Certificate of Appropriateness, a Certificate of Non-Applicability, or a Certificate of Hardship as
set forth in this By-law.
COMMISSION
The Historic District Commission as established in this By-law.
CONSTRUCTION, TO CONSTRUCT
The act or the fact of building, erecting, installing, enlarging, moving and other similar activities.
DISPLAY AREA
pg. 18
The total surface area of a sign, including all lettering, wording, designs, symbols, background
and frame, but not including any support structure, or bracing incidental to the sign. The
DISPLAY AREA of an individual letter sign or irregular shaped sign shall be the area of the
smallest rectangle into which the letters or shape will fit. Where sign faces are placed back to
back and face in opposite directions, the DISPLAY AREA shall be defined as the area of one face
of the sign.
DISTRICT
The Local Historic District as established in this By-law consisting of one or more DISTRICT
areas.
EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE
Such portion of the exterior of a BUILDING or STRUCTURE as is open to view from a public way
or ways, including but not limited to architectural style and general arrangement and setting
thereof, the kind and texture of exterior building materials, and the type and style of windows,
doors, lights, signs and other appurtenant exterior fixtures.
PERSON AGGRIEVED
The applicant; an owner of adjoining property; an owner of the property within the same
DISTRICT area; an owner of property within 100 feet of said DISTRICT area; and any charitable
corporations in which one of its purposes is the preservation of historic places, structures,
buildings or districts.
SIGNS
Any symbol, design, or device used to identify or advertise any place of business, product, activity
or person.
STRUCTURE
A combination of materials assembled at a fixed location to give support or shelter, such as a
building, framework, retaining wall, tent, reviewing stand, platform, bin, fence, sign, flagpole,
recreational tramway, mast for radio antenna or the like.
TEMPORARY STRUCTURE or BUILDING
A BUILDING not to be in existence for a period of more than two years. A STRUCTURE not to
be in existence for a period of more than one year. The COMMISSION may further limit the time
periods set forth herein as it deems appropriate.
C. DISTRICT
The DISTRICT shall consist of one or more DISTRICT areas as listed in “4.8.13.0. Appendices” of this
By-law.
D. COMMISSION
1.
The DISTRICT shall be overseen by a COMMISSION consisting of five members, to be
appointed by the Board of Selectmen, one member initially appointed for one year, two
for two years, two for three years, and each successive appointment to be made for three
years.
2.
The COMMISSION shall include among its members, if possible, one member from two
nominees solicited from the Swampscott Historical Society, one member from two
pg. 19
nominees solicited from the chapter of the American Institute of Architects covering
Swampscott, and one property owner from within the DISTRICT areas. If within thirty
days after submission of a written request for nominees to any of the organizations herein
named insufficient nominations have been made, the Board of Selectmen may proceed
to make appointments as it desires.
3.
The Board of Selectmen may appoint up to two alternate members to the COMMISSION.
Each alternate member shall have the right to act and vote in the place of one regular
member should such regular member be absent from a meeting or be unwilling or unable
to act or vote. Said alternate members shall initially be appointed for terms of two or
three years, and for three year terms thereafter.
4.
Each member and alternate member shall continue to serve in office after the expiration
date of his or her term until a successor is duly appointed.
5.
Meetings of the COMMISSION shall be held at the call of the Chairman, at the request of
two members and in such other manner as the COMMISSION shall determine it its Rules
and Regulations.
6.
Three members of the COMMISSION shall constitute a quorum.
E. COMMISSION POWERS AND DUTIES
1.
The COMMISSION shall exercise its powers in administering and regulating the
CONSTRUCTION and ALTERATION of any STRUCTURES or BUILDINGS within the
DISTRICT as set forth under the procedures and criteria established in this By-law. In
exercising its powers and duties hereunder, the COMMISSION shall pay due regard to
the distinctive characteristics of each BUILDING, STRUCTURE and DISTRICT area.
2.
The COMMISSION may adopt, and from time to time amend, reasonable Rules and
Regulations not inconsistent with the provisions of this By-law or M.G.L. Chapter 40C,
setting forth such forms and procedures as it deems desirable and necessary for the
regulation of its affairs and the conduct of its business, including requirements for the
contents and form of applications for CERTIFICATES, fees, hearing procedures, and
other matters. The COMMISSION shall file a copy of any such Rules and Regulations
with the office of the Town Clerk.
3.
The COMMISSION, after a public hearing duly posted and advertised at least 14 days in
advance in a conspicuous place at Town Hall and in a newspaper of general circulation,
may adopt and from time to time amend guidelines which set forth the designs for certain
EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES which are, in general, suitable for the
issuance of a CERTIFICATE. No such design guidelines shall limit the right of an
applicant for a CERTIFICATE to present other designs to the COMMISSION for approval.
4.
The COMMISSION shall within 30 days of the beginning of each fiscal year hold an
organizational meeting and elect a Chairman, a Vice Chairman and Secretary, and file
notice of such election with the office of the Town Clerk.
pg. 20
5.
The COMMISSION shall keep a permanent record of its resolutions, transactions,
decisions and determinations and of the vote of each member participating therein.
6.
The COMMISSION shall undertake educational efforts to explain to the public and
property owners the merits and functions of a DISTRICT.
F. ALTERATIONS AND CONSTRUCTION PROHIBITED WITHOUT A CERTIFICATE
1.
Except as this By-law provides, no BUILDING or STRUCTURE or part thereof within a
DISTRICT shall be CONSTRUCTED or ALTERED in any way that affects the EXTERIOR
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES as visible from a public way, unless the COMMISSION
shall first have issued a CERTIFICATE with respect to such CONSTRUCTION or
ALTERATION.
2.
No building permit for CONSTRUCTION of a BUILDING or STRUCTURE or for
ALTERATION of an EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE within a DISTRICT and
no demolition permit for demolition or removal of a BUILDING or STRUCTURE within a
DISTRICT shall be issued by the Town or any department thereof until a CERTIFICATE
as required under this By-law has been issued by the COMMISSION.
G. PROCEDURES FOR REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS
1.
Any person who desires to obtain a CERTIFICATE from the COMMISSION shall file with
the COMMISSION an application for a CERTIFICATE of Appropriateness, of NonApplicability or of Hardship, as the case may be. Seven (7) copies of the application
packages shall be filed with the Town Clerk; one for the Town Clerk, one for the Building
Department, and five for the COMMISSION. Applications shall be in the form specified
by the COMMISSION, which may include plans and elevations signed by an architect or
draftsman, drawn to scale, detailed enough to show architectural design of the structure
and its relation to the existing building, and other materials deemed necessary by the
COMMISSION. Plot and site plans should be filed when application for CERTIFICATES
are made for improvements affecting appearances, such as walls, fences, steps and
paving. In the case of demolition or removal, the application must include a statement of
the proposed condition and appearance of the property thereafter.
2.
The COMMISSION shall determine within fourteen (14) days of the filing of an application
for the CERTIFICATE whether said application involves any EXTERIOR
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES which are within the jurisdiction of the COMMISSION.
3.
If the COMMISSION determines that an application for a CERTIFICATE does not involve
any EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES, or involves an EXTERIOR
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE which is not subject to review by the COMMISSION under
the provisions of this Bylaw, the COMMISSION shall forthwith issue a CERTIFICATE of
Non-Applicability.
4.
If the COMMISSION determines that such application involves any EXTERIOR
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE subject to review under this By-law, it shall hold a public
hearing on the application, except as may otherwise be provided in this By-law. The
COMMISSION shall hold such a public hearing within forty-five (45) days from the date of
pg. 21
the filing of the application. At least fourteen (14) days before said public hearing, public
notice shall be given by posting in a conspicuous place at Town Hall and in a newspaper
of general circulation in Swampscott. Such notice shall identify the time, place and
purpose of the public hearing. Concurrently, a copy of said public notice shall be mailed
to the applicant, to the owner of the property under consideration if different from
applicant, to the owners of all adjoining properties and of other properties deemed by the
COMMISSION to be materially affected thereby, all as they appear on the most recent
applicable tax list, to the Planning Board, to any person filing a written request for notice
of hearings, such request to be renewed yearly in December, and to such other persons
as the COMMISSION shall deem entitled to notice.
4.1.
A public hearing on an application for a CERTIFICATE need not be held if such
hearing is waived in writing by all persons entitled to notice thereof. In addition, a
public hearing on an application for a CERTIFICATE may be waived by the
COMMISSION if the COMMISSION determines that the EXTERIOR
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE involved, or its category, is so insubstantial in its
effect on the DISTRICT that it may be reviewed by the COMMISSION without a
public hearing. If the COMMISSION dispenses with a public hearing on an
application for a CERTIFICATE, notice of such application shall be given to the
owners of all adjoining property and of other property deemed by the
COMMISSION to be materially affected thereby as above provided, and ten (10)
days shall elapse after the mailing of such notice before the COMMISSION may
act upon such application.
5.
Within sixty (60) days after the filing of an application for a CERTIFICATE, or within such
further time as the applicant may allow in writing, the COMMISSION shall issue a
CERTIFICATE or disapproval. In the case of a disapproval of an application for a
CERTIFICATE, the COMMISSION shall set forth in its disapproval the reasons for such
disapproval.
The COMMISSION may include in its disapproval specific
recommendations for changes in the applicant’s proposal with respect to the
appropriateness of design, arrangement, texture, material and similar features which, if
made and filed with the COMMISSION in a subsequent application, would make the
application acceptable to the COMMISSION.
6.
The concurring vote of a majority of the members shall be required to issue a
CERTIFICATE.
7.
In issuing CERTIFICATES, the COMMISSION may, as it deems appropriate, impose
certain conditions and limitations, and may require architectural or plan modifications
consistent with the intent and purpose of this By-law.
8.
If the COMMISSION determines that the CONSTRUCTION or ALTERATION for which
an application for a CERTIFICATE of Appropriateness has been filed will be appropriate
for or compatible with the preservation or protection of the DISTRICT, the COMMISSION
shall issue a CERTIFICATE of Appropriateness.
9.
If the CONSTRUCTION or ALTERATION for which an application for a CERTIFICATE of
Appropriateness has been filed shall be determined to be inappropriate and therefore
disapproved, or in the event of an application for a CERTIFICATE of Hardship, the
pg. 22
COMMISSION shall determine whether, owing to conditions especially affecting the
BUILDING or STRUCTURE involved, but not affecting the DISTRICT generally, failure to
approve an application will involve a substantial hardship, financial or otherwise, to the
applicant and whether such application may be approved without substantial detriment to
the public welfare and without substantial derogation from the intent and purposes of this
By-law. If the COMMISSION determines that owing to such conditions failure to approve
an application will involve substantial hardship to the applicant and approval thereof may
be without such substantial detriment or derogation, the COMMISSION shall issue a
CERTIFICATE of Hardship.
10.
The COMMISSION shall send a copy of its CERTIFICATES and disapprovals to the
applicant and shall file a copy of its CERTIFICATES and disapprovals with the office of
the Town Clerk and the Inspector of Buildings. The date of issuance of a CERTIFICATE
or disapproval shall be the date of the filing of a copy of such CERTIFICATE or
disapproval with the office of the Town Clerk.
11.
If the COMMISSION should fail to issue a CERTIFICATE or a disapproval within sixty
(60) days of the filing of the application for a CERTIFICATE, or within such further time as
the applicant may allow in writing, the COMMISSION shall thereupon issue a
CERTIFICATE of Hardship Due to Failure to Act.
12.
Each CERTIFICATE issued by the COMMISSION shall be dated and signed by its
chairman or such other person designated by the COMMISSION to sign such
CERTIFICATES on its behalf.
13.
A PERSON AGGRIEVED by a determination of the COMMISSION may, within twenty
(20) days of the issuance of a CERTIFICATE or disapproval, file a written request with
the COMMISSION for a review by a person or persons of competence and experience in
such matters, acting as arbitrator and designated by the regional planning agency, the
Metropolitan Area Planning Council. The finding of the person or persons making such
review shall be filed with the Town Clerk within forty-five (45) days after the request, and
shall be binding on the applicant and the COMMISSION, unless a further appeal is
sought in the Superior Court as provided in Chapter 40C, Section 12A. The filing of such
further appeal shall occur within twenty (20) days after the finding of the arbitrator has
been filed with the office of the Town Clerk.
14.
A PERSON AGGRIEVED by a determination of the COMMISSION who does not request
a review under Section G (13) may, within twenty days after the filing of the notice of
such determination with the Town Clerk, appeal to the Superior Court, as provided in
Chapter 40C, Section 12A.
H. CRITERIA FOR DETERMINATIONS
1.
In deliberating on applications for CERTIFICATES, the COMMISSION shall consider,
among other things, the historic and architectural value and significance of the site,
BUILDING or STRUCTURE; the general design, proportions, detailing, mass,
arrangement, texture, and material of the EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES
involved; and the relation of such EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES to similar
features of BUILDINGS and STRUCTURES in the surrounding area.
pg. 23
2.
In the case of new CONSTRUCTION or additions to existing buildings or STRUCTURES,
the COMMISSION shall consider the appropriateness of the scale, shape and
proportions of the BUILDING or STRUCTURE both in relation to the land area upon
which the BUILDING or STRUCTRE is situated and in relation to BUILDINGS and
STRUCTURES in the vicinity. The COMMISSION may in appropriate cases impose
dimensional and setback requirements in addition to those required by applicable statute
or bylaw.
3.
When ruling on applications for CERTIFICATES on solar energy systems as defined in
Section IA of Chapter 40A, the COMMISSION shall consider the policy of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts to encourage the use of solar energy systems and to
protect solar access.
4.
The COMMISSION shall not consider interior arrangements or architectural features not
subject to public view from a public way.
I. EXCLUSIONS
1.
The COMMISSION shall exclude from its purview the following:
1.1.
TEMPORARY BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES, or SIGNS subject, however, to
conditions pertaining to the duration of existence and use, location, lighting,
removal and similar matters as the COMMISSION may reasonably specify.
1.2.
Terraces, walks, driveways, sidewalks and similar STRUCTURES, provided that
any such STRUCTURE is substantially at grade level.
1.3.
Flagpoles, sculpture, mailboxes (freestanding or attached), window boxes, house
numbers, and garden furniture.
1.4.
Storm windows and storm doors, screen windows and screen doors, and window
air conditioners.
1.5.
The color of paint.
1.6.
The color of materials used on roofs.
1.7.
Signs of not more than two (2) square feet in DISPLAY AREA in connection with
use of a residence for a customary home occupation or for professional
purposes, provided only one such sign is displayed in connection with each
residence and if illuminated is illuminated only indirectly; and one sign in
connection with the nonresidential use of each BUILDING or STRUCTURE which
is not more than six (6) square feet in DISPLAY AREA, consists of letters painted
on wood without symbol or trademark and if illuminated is illuminated indirectly.
1.8.
Landscaping with plants, trees, shrubs or other vegetation.
1.9.
Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Panels.
pg. 24
2.
Upon request the COMMISSION shall issue a CERTIFICATE of Non-Applicability with
respect to CONSTRUCTION or alteration in any category not subject to review by the
COMMISSION in accordance with the above provisions.
3.
Nothing in this By-law shall be construed to prevent the ordinary maintenance, repair or
replacement of any EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE within a DISTRICT which
does not involve a change in design, material or the outward appearance thereof, nor to
prevent landscaping with plants, trees or shrubs, nor construed to prevent the meeting of
requirements certified by a duly authorized public officer to be necessary for public safety
because of an unsafe or dangerous condition, nor construed to prevent any
CONSTRUCTION or ALTERATION under a permit duly issued prior to the effective date
of this By-law.
J. CATEGORICAL APPROVAL
The COMMISSION may determine from time to time after a public hearing, duly advertised and posted at
least fourteen (14) days in advance in a conspicuous place at Town Hall and in a newspaper of general
circulation in Swampscott, that certain categories of EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES,
STRUCTURES or BUILDING under certain conditions may be CONSTRUCTED or ALTERED without
review by the COMMISSION without causing substantial derogation from the intent and purpose of this
By-law.
K. ENFORCEMENT AND PENALTIES
1.
The COMMISSION shall determine whether a particular activity is in violation of this Bylaw or not, and the COMMISSION shall be charged with the enforcement of this By-law.
2.
The COMMISSION, upon a written complaint of any resident of Swampscott, or owner of
property within Swampscott, or upon its own initiative, shall institute any appropriate
action or proceedings in the name of the Town of Swampscott to prevent, correct,
restrain or abate violation of this By-law. In the case where the COMMISSION is
requested in writing to enforce this By-law against any person allegedly in violation of
same and the COMMISSION declines to act, the COMMISSION shall notify, in writing,
the party requesting such enforcement of any action or refusal to act and the reasons
therefore, within twenty one (21) days of receipt of such request.
3.
Whoever violates any of the provisions of this By-law shall be punishable by a fine of up
to $300.00 for each offense. Each day during any portion of which such violation
continues to exist shall constitute a separate offense.
4.
The COMMISSION may designate the Inspector of Buildings of the Town of Swampscott
to act on its behalf and to enforce this By-law under the direction of the COMMISSION.
L. VALIDITY AND SEPARABILITY
The provisions of this By-law shall be deemed to be separable. If any of its provisions, sections,
subsections, sentences or clauses shall be held to be invalid or unconstitutional by any court of
competent jurisdiction, the remainder of this By-law shall continue to be in full force and effect.
pg. 25
M. APPENDICES
Appendix 1:
Frederick Law Olmsted Local Historic District
The Frederick Law Olmsted Local Historic District shall be a DISTRICT area under this By-law.
The location and boundaries of the Frederick Law Olmsted Local Historic District are defined and
shown on the “Local Historic District Map of the Town of Swampscott,” on file with the Town
Clerk. The delineation of the DISTRICT area boundaries is based on the parcel boundaries then
in existence and shown therein, except as amended.
Appendix 2:
Swampscott Fish House Local Historic District
The Swampscott Fish House Local Historic District shall be a DISTRICT area under this By-law.
The location and boundaries of the Swampscott Fish House Local Historic District are defined
and shown on the “Local Historic District Map of the Town of Swampscott,” on file with the Town
Clerk. The delineation of the DISTRICT area boundaries is based on the parcel boundaries then
in existence and shown therein, except as amended.
Appendix 3:
Swampscott Railroad Depot Local Historic District
The Swampscott Railroad Depot Local Historic District shall be a DISTRICT area under this Bylaw. The location and boundaries of the Swampscott Railroad Depot Local Historic District are
defined and shown on the “Local Historic District Map of the Town of Swampscott,” on file with
the Town Clerk. The delineation of the DISTRICT area boundaries is based on the parcel
boundaries then in existence and shown therein, except as amended.
Appendix 4:
Swampscott Cemetery and Andrews Chapel Local Historic District
The Swampscott Cemetery and Andrews Chapel Local Historic District shall be a DISTRICT area
under this Bylaw. The location and boundaries of the Swampscott Cemetery and Andrews
Chapel Local Historic District are defined and shown on the “Local Historic District Map of the
Town of Swampscott,” on file with the Town Clerk. The delineation of the DISTRICT area
boundaries is based on the parcel boundaries then in existence and shown therein, except as
amended.
Appendix 5:
Rockland Street Local Historic District
The Rockland Street Local Historic District shall be a DISTRICT area under this By-law. The
location and boundaries of the Rockland Street Local Historic District are defined and shown on
the “Local Historic District Map of the Town of Swampscott,” on file with the Town Clerk. The
delineation of the DISTRICT area boundaries is based on the parcel boundaries then in existence
and shown therein, except as amended.
pg. 26
Inventory Forms
pg. 27
Inventory No:
SWA.34 Historic Name:
Andrews, Isaac House
Common Name:
Address:
11 Rockland St
City/Town:
Swampscott
Village/Neighborhood:
Swampscott
Local No:
Year Constructed:
r 1875
Architect(s):
Andrews, Isaac
Architectural Style(s):
Italianate
Use(s):
Multiple Family Dwelling House; Single Family Dwelling
House
Significance:
Architecture
Area(s):
SWA.A: Swampscott Center
Designation(s):
Building Materials(s):
Roof: Asphalt Shingle
Wall: Wood Clapboard; Wood
Foundation: Brick
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This file was accessed on:
Tuesday, February 02, 2016 at 10:30 AM
FORM B - BUILDING
Assessor's #
Area
USGS Quad
Form #
Center A
Lynn
<2^
80 Boylston Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02116
Town Swampscott
Place
Address
11 Rockland Street
Historic Name
Andrews House
Use: Present
residence
Original
residence
Date
between 1872-1880
Source
maps & directories
Style/Form
Italianate
Architect N/A
Exterior Material:
Foundation
Wall/Trim
Roof
brick
wood
asphalt
Outbuildings
carriage house
Major Alterations to carriage hse
Condition
good
Recorded by Dempsey/Federer
Moved
no
Organization
Acreage
3,880 square feet
Swampscott Historical
Commission
Setting
Date June 1993
RbCEiVb.D
SEP
2 1993
M A S S . HIST. C O M M .
dense residential
BUILDING FORM
Swampscott Center Area, 11 Rockland Street
A R C H I T E C T U R A L DESCRIPTION
The Andrews House at 11 Rockland Street is located in the densely settled residential
section of the Swampscott Center Area on the hillside above the waterfront. The ground slopes
steeply down to the rear of the house. Connected to the left side of the ell is a 2 1/2 story, gable
front carriage barn converted to apartments. The house is located on a small lot; directly to the
rear are houses on Thorndike Terrace. The large 2 1/2 story, gable block house is T-shaped in
plan. It was built between 1872 and 1880 and is an excellent example of the Italianate style, with
many characteristic details. The exterior of the house is well preserved despite conversion to
apartments. This is the only example of this house type and the best example of Italianate
residential architecture in the Swampscott Center Area.
The wood frame structure is supported by a high brick foundation, with an exposed
basement level to the rear on the downhill side of the property. The walls are sheathed in
clapboards trimmed with very narrow curved strips on the corners. The gable roof has widely
overhanging eaves with no returns. The wide frieze is trimmed with dentils and brackets typical
of the Italianate period. Twin stove chimneys are located near the center of the roof ridge. The
three-bay facade features a slightly projecting central bay with a centered gabled wall dormer.
Two one-story bay windows have projecting eaves with dentils and small brackets; a one-story
porch with similar trim extends across the center entry between them, supported by chamfered
posts with a railing of turned balusters. A low balustrade on the roof of the porch spans the
center bay around the paired window, which is topped by a segmental arch hood. The segmental
arch entry has double panel doors glazed with vertical lights. The windows have 2/2 sash, molded
trim, and projecting shed lintels on brackets. In the three gables are arch windows with molded
trim.
(
HISTORICAL NARRATIVE
This house was constructed between 1872 and 1880, in the center of this dense residential
area, which was already fully established at that time. It was the residence of Isaac Andrews who
had previously lived next door at 9 Rockland Street, a small Italianate bent house. According to
directories, Andrews was a carpenter and builder and may have constructed the house himself.
He worked as a builder, real estate agent, and property manager until his death in the early 1900s.
His widow Ellen E. Andrews was living here as late as 1916.
REFERENCES
Alonzo Lewis Map 1856.
Beers Atlas of 1872.
Hopkins Atlas of 1880.
Stadley Atlas of 1897.
Atlas of Lynn and Vicinity 1905.
Lynn and Swampscott directories 1899, 1902, 1916.
X__ Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. See NR Criteria Statement form,
/po\A,
Inventory No:
Wilkins, John House
Common Name:
Address:
26 Rockland St
City/Town:
Swampscott
Swampscott
Local No:
Year Constructed:
c 1849
Architect(s):
Greek Revival
Use(s):
Single Family Dwelling House
Significance:
Architecture
Area(s):
Designation(s):
Wall: Wood Clapboard; Wood
Foundation: Stone, Cut
I
FORM B-BUILDING
Assessor's #
USGS Quad
Area
Lynn
Form #
Center A
35
80 Boylston Street
Town Swampscott
SiS**^
Place
Address
26 Rockland Street
Historic Name
Wilkins House
Use: Present
residence
Original
residence
Date
ca. 1849
Source deeds
Style/Form Greek, Queen Anne
Architect
N/A
Exterior Material:
Foundation
stone
Wall/Trim
Roof
wood
asphalt
Outbuildings
none
Major Alterations dormers, porch
Condition
Recorded by
Dempsey/Federer
Organization
Date June 1993
good
Moved
no
Acreage
8,703 square feet
Commission
Setting
RECEIVE
SEP
2 1993
M f ^ S . HIST. C O M M .
dense residential
S W f). 33
I
I
(
BUILDING FORM
Swampscott Center Area, 26 Rockland Street
ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION
The Wilkins House at 26 Rockland Street is located on a densely settled residential street
on the hill above the waterfront of the Swampscott Center Area. The small Greek Revival style
house was built in about 1849 and updated in the late 19th century with the addition of a pair of
gambrel roofed wall dormers and a Queen Anne period wrap-around porch. The 11/2 story,
gable block house is set into the hillside, supported by a mortared stone foundation, with an
exposed basement level and steep stairs leading to the porch. The lawn is supported by mortared
stone retaining walls. The clapboard walls are trimmed with water table, corner pilasters, a
narrow frieze, eave returns, and a molded cornice. One of the original twin brick chimneys is
intact on the ridge and an early 20th century exterior chimney is located on the left end elevation.
The center entry under the porch has full length sidelights and panelled pilasters supporting a
simple Doric entablature. The windows have molded trim and contain 2/1 and 6/1 sash. The
porch sits on a high base covered by a lattice screen and has Doric columns on panelled piers and
a railing of slender turned balusters. The upper story was enlarged by the addition of a pair of
gambrel-roofed wall dormers on the front roof slope and a full shed dormer on the rear. A similar
house built in about 1848 at 12 Blaney Street has identical dormers. An original small wing on a
stone foundation has been remodelled in the 20th century.
This small gabled block house is located in the early core of settlement in Swampscott
Center. The land was owned by the Blaney family who lived along the waterfront on Humphrey
Street. Rockland Street developed in the 1840s after Blaney Street below it. This lot was sold in
1849 by the estate of Benjamin Blaney. John Wilkins erected the house which was standing by
1851. Like the majority of Swampscott's residents of this period, he worked as a fisherman. In
1858, Wilkins sold the property to Theophilus Bracket who sold it to J.W. Brooks the following
year. Brooks owned the house until 1885 when it was sold to James M . Pope who lived here into
the early 20th century. Pope was a partner in Philbrick & Pope, plumbers and stove dealers at
400 Humphrey Street in downtown Swampscott. The Queen Anne period additions to the house
were probably made during Pope's occupancy.
REFERENCES
Lynn and Swampscott Directories 1851, 1869, 1899, and 1902.
Alonzo Lewis Map 1856.
Sanborn Insurance maps 1907, 1913, 1920, and 1928.
Swampscott Historical Society photograph collection.
E C Deeds - Book 412, Page 168; Book 566, Page 71; Book 582, Page 119; Book 1160, Page
195
X
Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. See NR Criteria Statement forrOj/ty^v^.
Inventory No:
Holder, Dr. J. B. House
Common Name:
Address:
49 Rockland St
City/Town:
Swampscott
Swampscott
Local No:
Year Constructed:
c 1846
Architect(s):
Gothic Revival
Use(s):
Single Family Dwelling House
Significance:
Architecture
Area(s):
Designation(s):
Wall: Wood; Board and Batten
Foundation: Stone, Uncut; Concrete Unspecified
FORM B - BUILDING
Assessor's #
Area
USGS Quad
Form #
Center A
Lynn
36
80 Boylston Street
r>
4.
x
t~
„i
nn 1C
Town Swampscott
Place
Address
49 Rockland Street
Historic Name
Holder House
Use: Present
residence
Original
residence
Date
ca. 1846
Source
Thompson 1885:177
Style/Form
Gothic Revival
Architect N / A
Exterior Material:
Foundation
stone
Wall/Trim
Roof
wood
asphalt
Outbuildings
shed
Major Alterations
Condition
Recorded by
Organization
Dempsey/Federer
Commission
Moved
no
Acreage
9,750 square feet
Setting
Date June 1993
RECEIVED
SEP
2
w i A S S . Hi ST, C O M M .
good
dense residential
5 W n . 3G
(
BUILDING FORM
Swampscott Center, 49 Rockland Street
ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION
This Gothic Revival house at 49 Rockland Street was built in about 1846 on the crest of
Wenepoykin Hill. It is located in an area of stylish residences, densely settled on the hill to take
advantage of water views. This is a well-preserved example of a Gothic cottage, with many
characteristic details of the style popularized by pattern books during the period. The house,
oriented to the water, is two stories in height with an exposed basement level on the downhill
side; the foundation is covered with concrete. The walls are sheathed in the board and batten
siding typical of the Gothic Revival period. The steeply-pitched gable roof has projecting eaves,
trimmed with a simple verge board, with simple king post truss. A brick chimney pierces the
center of the ridge. Central gable wall dormers are located on the lateral elevations. These
feature pointed arch windows with diamond pane casement sash and flanking shutters; similar
windows are located in the gable ends. A one story, oriel bay window projects from the left gable
end. Other windows have labels and double diamond pane casement sash. The entry is centered
on the Rockland Street facade under an elaborate entry porch, characteristic of the Queen Anne
style. The porch features a gable roof with verge board, spindle work truss, brackets, arch
opening, sunburst pattern brackets, and side walls of spindle screen. A two-story porch spans the
ocean front elevation, which appears to have been altered with the addition of large picture
windows.
This house on Wenepoykin Hill overlooking the ocean was built in about 1846 as
Rockland Street was developed with fashionable houses above Swampscott's waterfront village
center. This is one of several Gothic Revival period houses in the Swampscott Center Area (57
Rockland, 71 and 93 Redington). A number of other small houses of the 19th century
incorporate basic elements of the style including gable wall dormers and central second story
projecting bays. This was the residence of Dr. J.B. Holder, Swampscott's first resident physician.
Holder, a native of Swampscott, graduated from Harvard Medical School and set up a practice
here in 1846. He lived in this new house through 1856, but later moved elsewhere in the village
(Thompson 1885:177). From the 1860s through the turn-of-the-century, this property was
owned by William F. Joy a furniture dealer and "exporter" with a business in Boston. The house
was owned by the Joy estate as late as 1905.
REFERENCES
Alonzo Lewis map 1856.
Thompson, Swampscott, 1885.
_ X _
Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. See NR Criteria Statement forrm/fyeA 4 •
Inventory No:
Hall, Henry House
Common Name:
Address:
57 Rockland St
City/Town:
Swampscott
Swampscott
Local No:
Year Constructed:
r 1845
Architect(s):
Gothic Revival
Use(s):
Secondary Dwelling House; Single Family Dwelling House
Significance:
Architecture; Recreation
Area(s):
Designation(s):
Wall: Wood; Wood Clapboard; Wood Shingle
Foundation: Stone, Uncut; Rubble; Ashlar Random Laid
FORM B - BUILDING
Assessor's #
USGS Quad
Area
Lynn
Form #
Center A
s
7
80 Boylston Street
Town Swampscott
Place S <V>Tvni
Address
57 Rockland
Historic Name
Hall House
Use. Present
residence
Original
residence
Date
1840s, by 1856
Source
maps & directories
Style/Form
Gothic Revival
Architect N/A
Exterior Material:
Foundation
stone
Wall/Trim
Roof
wood
asphalt
Outbuildings
carriage house
Major Alterations
Condition
Recorded by
Organization
Dempsey/Federer
Commission
Date June 1993
RECEIVED
SEP
MASS
2 1993
IIST. C O M M .
Moved
Acreage
good
no
19,580 square feet
Setting dense residential
hill top, water view
S\AJA.37
(
BUILDING FORM
Swampscott Center, 57 Rockland Street
This Gothic Revival style house at 57 Rockland Street was built during the 1840s on the
crest of Wenepoykin Hill, an area of large stylish residences, densely settled on the hill to take
advantage of water views. The T-shaped house, oriented to the water, is two stories in height
with an exposed basement level on the downhill side. The wood frame structure is supported on a
mortared, random, rubble stone foundation. The walls are sheathed in clapboards, trimmed with
narrow corner boards and frieze. The gables are sheathed in decorative cut wood shingles, which
are probably a later 19th century alteration. The steeply-pitched gable roofs have projecting eaves
with no returns, supported by brackets with drop pendants. A brick stove chimney with chimney
pot is located at the junction of the ridges. The facade is oriented toward the water and features a
two-story porch and a center gabled wall dormer with an oriel window above the porch and a
diamond vent in the peak of the gable. Elsewhere, the tall windows are trimmed with labels and
contain 6/6 sash or double ten pane casement sash. A two story bay window is located on the
gable end, trimmed with a decorative verge board. The entry is located on the back of the house
towards Rockland Street, flanked by full length sidelights and sheltered by a one story porch
supported by clusters of four slender colonettes with flared capitals. A two-story wing projects
from the base of the T and connects to an original carriage barn, one of a very small number in the
Swampscott Center area. The barn is trimmed with the same details as the main house. On the
ridge of the steeply pitched gable roof is a square ventilator/cupola with a pyramidal roof; a
modern overhead garage door is located in the gable end. A one story garage area projects from
the carriage barn towards the street. This appears to be original to the structure, trimmed with
identical brackets, but has been altered with a modern overhead garage door.
During the mid-19th century, Rockland Street on Wenepoykin Hill overlooking the ocean
was developed with large fashionable houses above Swampscott's waterfront village center. The
exact construction date of this house has not been identified. It was standing by 1851 when it was
the residence of Henry Hall, a Boston merchant. Physical and stylistic evidence suggests that it
was built in the 1840s. During that period a number of Gothic Revival style cottages were
erected in Swampscott, based on popular pattern book designs, including the neighboring Gothic
house at 49 Rockland Street. During the 1870s and 1880s this house was the summer residence
of Charles E. Morrison. By 1897 it was owned by Charles Harwood of Harwood Brothers of
Boston. His widow Mary Harwood was living here as late as 1905.
REFERENCES
Thompson, History of Swampscott, 1885.
_ X _
Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. See N R Criteria Statement form.,/}wv A •
M H C INVENTORY F O R M CONTINUATION SHEET
MHC Inventory scanning project, 2008-2009
MACRIS N0.6W
ft'
3 1
Inventory No:
SWA.A Historic Name:
Swampscott Center
Common Name:
Address:
City/Town:
Swampscott
Swampscott
Local No:
Year Constructed:
Architect(s):
Use(s):
Other Commercial; Residential District
Significance:
Architecture; Commerce; Community Planning; Industry;
Maritime History
Area(s):
Designation(s):
FORM A - AREA
Assessor's #
USGS Quad
Lynn
Area
Form #
Massachusetts Historical Cornmission
80 Boylston Street
Town
Swampscott
Place
Name of Area
Center
Present Use
Swampscott
residential
Construction Dates 18 c. - present
Overall Condition
good
Major Intrusions remodelling
and replacement of stores
on Humphrey Street
Acreage
12.
6 i c \ n e y j 2-\
biaoeV;
ftocklandt
nn
Recorded by Dempsey/Federer
Organization
Swampscott
Historical Commission
Date June 1993
Sketch Map attached.
RECEIVED
SEP
2 1993
> HIST. C O M M .
s w
c
AREAFORM
Swampscott Center Area
The Swampscott Center Area is the commercial center of the town and the core of early
settlement, formerly the site of the earliest fishing village. The area was settled in the 18th
century and experienced continual building and rebuilding through the late 20th century,
producing a dense and varied landscape. The area is located near the waterfront of Nahant Bay
along Black Will's Cliff between King's Beach and Blaney Beach. The area includes the
commercial stretch of Humphrey Street, between Monument Square and Greenwood Avenue,
which historically contained a mix of commercial and residential structures. North of Humphrey
Street, the area includes the densely settled residential streets that wrap around the slope of
Wenepoykin Hill. These include Blaney, Rockland, and King Street, bounded on the northwest
by Redington Street. Short terraces above Humphrey Street are also included in the area. At the
northeast end, the area includes the southwestern side of Highland Street and two houses just
northeast of Highland on King Street, which are older and relate to the Swampscott Center Area.
The intersection of Kehoe Terrace forms the eastern bound on Rockland Street; houses to the
east on Rockland and Greenwood Avenue relate more closely to the early 20th century
neighborhood farther east and north.
The Swampscott Center Area is the site of the town's earliest settlement, the fishing
village that constituted the primary core of the community. Settlement along the waterfront, on
what is now Humphrey Street, occurred in the 18th century. A small village with a mix of
residences and shops developed here on the waterfront. The majority of early area residents
worked as fishermen and many families also made shoes on consignment for Lynn shoe
manufacturers. Several families including the Blaney, Ingalls, and Fuller families, owned large
amounts of land in the area and lived along Humphrey Street. The village grew rapidly in the
early 19th century as these families sub-divided their land and the current patterns of streets and
lots was established by mid-century. The Swampscott Center Area is essentially defined by this
historic core of commercial and residential development as shown on Swampscott maps of the
mid to late 19th century.
REFERENCES
Sanborn Insurance maps 1907, 1913, 1920, and 1928.
Swampscott Historical Society photograph collection.
Thomp son Swampscott, 1885.
_ X _
Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. See NR Criteria Statement form.
ft.
-4
—
I N V E N T O R Y F O R M CONTINUATION SHEET
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Community
Swampscott
Property Address
Area
Center
Form #
A
Architectural Description, continued. I
The houses in the area are built into the hillside, overlooking the waterfront. Many have
high foundations with exposed basement levels on the downhill sides. Mortared stone retaining
walls and rock gardens on the outcrops of ledge are common features. Rockland Street and the
Terraces have water views and most houses on the downhill sides of the streets are oriented to the
ocean rather than the street. Houses on the uphill sides of the streets have higher foundations and
are often set at the back of the lots for a better view over the houses below. The small lots and
density of this area were established during its early settlement and the current configuration of
the main streets and layout of lots existed by the mid-19th century. See attached photograph.
The area contains a wide range of buildings types and architectural styles from all periods.
Humphrey Street has a mix of commercial and residential structures from all periods. Blaney
Street has a concentration of 1830s and 1840s large, 2 1/2 story houses, most with center
chimneys. On Rockland Street are found a mixture of house types, including a number of stylish
residences of the mid-19th century. King Street and Redington Street consist mainly of 1 1/2
story end houses from the mid to late 19th century. Ingalls Terrace has a concentration of
Mansard block houses (photo attached). The Lawrence, Fuller, and Humphrey terraces have
large late 19th and early 20th century houses with Colonial Revival and Craftsman style details.
Only a few of the oldest buildings survive, four properties in the area have been identified
as dating from the pre-1830 period. Many of the oldest houses are described on individual
building forms. Properties from this period are located along Humphrey Street, the only street in
the area prior to the 1830s. The earliest house, the Swampscott Club (#23), built c. 1789, is a
center chimney house with a high hip roof. The Joseph Fuller House (#23) at 304 Humphrey is a
center chimney and Federal style entry. The house at 287-289 Humphrey (# ZJ) is 2 1/2 story
"half house," being only one room wide plus the entry bay. 30 Ingalls Terrace is a 2 1/2 story,
ell house with Federal style entry of pilasters, and fanlight, which was built on Humphrey Street
and moved back to its present location between 1907 and 1913. Other houses in Swampscott
Center may date from this early period, but have been remodelled so as to be unrecognizable.
A period of residential expansion occurred in the 1830s through 1850s along Blaney,
Rockland, King, and Redington streets. Many of these buildings have Greek Revival ornament,
including center entries flanked by sidelights and framed by pilasters and simple Doric
entablatures. Foundations of brick and mortared random fieldstone were equally popular during
this period; several foundations have granite block facings on their front walls. A number of these
houses were updated in the late 19th and early 20th century with the addition of porches,
dormers, and wood shingle siding. The hall and parlor and the center chimney house type was
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Comrnunity
Swampscott
Area
Center
Property Address
Form #
A
Architectural Description, continued. Z.
most common during the 1830s and early 1840s period. Two hall and parlor houses have no ells
(29 Blaney [# 32.] and 56 Rockland). Two are ell houses, in a 2 2/1 story gable block form with
two or 2 1/2 story integral ell (21 Blaney
] and 292 Humphrey). Another house, 39 Blaney
Street (# 33) also appears to have been built in this form, with the chimneys relocated later. Only
one 2 1/2 story double house was identified at 212 Humphrey Street. This house retains its
Greek Revival entry and wall trim including corner pilasters, wide frieze, and molded cornice and
was updated in the early 20th century with arch dormers. Two Greek Revival period houses were
built as 2 1/2 story "half houses." The house at 4 King Street retains its Greek Revival entry, but
has been substantially altered. Number 19 Redington Street has an entry nearly identical to that
at 39 Blaney with multi-pane sidelights and pilasters with Greek key pattern.
Smaller Greek Revival period houses include four 11/2 story gable blocks, most with
center entries and twin chimneys on either side of the center hall. The small house at 39
Redington is a good example of this house type. The 1 1/2 story gable block is oriented with its
gable end to the street and entry centered on the lateral five bay facade. The house reflects the
Greek Revival style in its entry with full length sidelights, panelled pilasters, and entablature, as
well as the corner pilasters, water table, molded cornice and eave returns, all trim typical of the
style in Swampscott. Two 1 1/2 story gable block houses in the area (12 Blaney and 26
Rockland, #s3t>,30 are Greek Revival style houses, unusual in their gambrel wall dormers. The
dormers on the two houses are nearly identical, but appear to be a late 19th century addition, as
the use of gambrel roofed dormers was not popular in the Greek Revival period.
During the 1840s and 1850s the Gothic Revival style was popular in Swampscott Center,
following trends established by pattern books. Examples of wood frame Gothic cottages with
central gable wall dormers are found at 49 and 57 Rockland Street (#s 3fe+57). Both have steeply
pitched gable roofs and have porches across their facades, which are oriented to the water. The
house at 49 Rockland is sheathed in the board and batten siding typical of the style and features
pointed arch windows with leaded casement sash. Nearby, 57 Rockland is sheathed in clapboards
and trimmed with brackets with drop pendants under the eaves. Another example of this style is
located at 71 Redington Street (photo attached). This 1 1/2 story end house has a Greek Revival
period entry, but features verge-boards with trefoil drops and drip mold window crowns like
those on the Rockland Street houses. Gable wall dormers are located on the right lateral
elevation. One of the key elements of the Gothic Revival style, the gable wall dormer, was
applied to other small houses in Swampscott Center. Six 1 1/2 story gable block cottages have
one or two gable wall dormers, which appear to be original features (55 Blaney, 9 Rose, 25 King
[#26], 16, 22-24, and 69 Rockland). One end house has wall dormers on its lateral elevation (18
King Street). This house form was combined with elements of several styles. Three houses,
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Architectural Description, continued.
Community
Swampscott
Property Address
Area
Center
Form #
A
3
with an excellent example at 25 King Street, combine the use of gable wall dormers with a Greek
Revival entry of sidelights, pilasters, and Doric entablature. The house at 22-24 Rockland has a
two story porch across the facade and enclosed basement and arch windows in the dormers,
reflecting the Italianate style (photo attached).
The end house began to be a popular house form during this period and some of the
town's earliest examples are located here. This form lent itself well to areas of dense settlement
where house lots were small. The Swampscott Center Area contains three 2 1/2 story end houses
and eight 1 1/2 story end houses. All of these are essentially sidehall plan houses, with entries on
the side bay of their two or three bay gable end facades. Some retain Greek Revival entries with
sidelights, pilasters, Doric entablature (17, 55, and 65 King, and 20 Highland, photo attached).
However, most of these houses have been substantially altered with additions and new siding; they
are not recognizable as a particular architectural style.
Approximately 33 houses built between 1856 and 1880 are located in the Swampscott
Center Area. One early hotel at 255 Humphrey Street is a large three story structure with
exposed basement and hip roof. A porch spans the facade and shelters an entry with Greek
Revival surround. This is now part of a complex of three hotel structures, which have been
altered with the application of similar siding and trim (photo attached). The 2 1/2 story gable
block remained a common house type, with nine examples in the area. This building type was
used in various ways. Most are simply detailed and many have been altered. The house at 56
King Street is a late example of a double house in the Greek Revival style . Two gable blocks
with center entries have their gable ends oriented to the street. The house at 42 Rockland has a
full width porch with second story central projecting bays above (similar features were added to
older houses at 61 and 55 Blaney Street). A 2 1/2 story gable block with a T-shaped plan is
located at 11 Rockland Street (#54) and is an excellent example of the Italianate style. Two 1 1/2
story gable block house was built during this period, 93 Redington Street (#3*?) and 88 Highland
Street, built between 1872 and 1880 with a pair of gable wall dormers and a two story porch with
turned posts across the facade and exposed basement. The 1 1/2 story end house was a more
common small house type and nine examples are found in the area. Two of these have the paired
gable wall dormers popular in Swampscott in the mid-19th century. Three 2 1/2 story end houses
are located here along with two 2 1/2 story bent houses, and one 2 1/2 story end house with wing.
The Second Empire style was popular during this period and is reflected in the Mansard block
houses. One three story mansard block, with an L-shaped plan is located at 79 Rockland Street.
Seven two story mansard block houses are found in the area; four of these are located on Ingalls
Terrace. Most have convex roofs with inset dormers. All are simply detailed, some with bay
windows, porches, and door hoods on Italianate brackets.
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Community
Swampscott
Property Address
Area
Center
Form #
A
Architectural Description, continued. Ar
In the late 19th century (1880-1897), continued development occurred on the outskirts of
the area and on the sites of older houses throughout the area. The end house was the most
common house type, with five 2 1/2 story and seven 1 1/2 story examples; a photo of 17
Rockland Street is attached. An additional end house (5 Ingalls Terrace), reflecting the Shingle
Style, has a clipped gable roof. The end house form was also used for three two-family houses,
which became popular in Swampscott as the town became increasingly a commuter suburb.
Some of the two-family houses have two story bay windows and all have two story porches, like
that at 74 Rockland Street, which is an excellent example of the type with wood shingle siding
and Colonial Revival trim including porches with Doric columns, dentils and projecting cornices.
Use of the 2 1/2 story hip block house form became popular again with the Queen Anne and
Colonial Revival styles. Two hip block houses reflect the Queen Anne style. 322 Humphrey
Street is a classic example of the style with a wraparound porch and corner tower with conical
roof (photo attached). The house features the typical varied wall treatments including v-board
wainscotting, clapboards, and two patterns of cut wood shingles, with flared skirts between the
stories. The original slate roofs are intact as is the exterior chimney with terra cotta tiles and the
Queen Anne sash and stained glass windows.
Late 19th century commercial buildings along Humphrey Street include a three story
structure on the corner of Redington Street, which was originally a second Empire style block
with Mansard roof, but has been completely altered and covered with stucco. Better examples
from the period include 168 Humphrey Street (#2£>), built during the 1880s as a three story wood
frame structure with a flat roof, false front, and Italianate style trim. A similar two story Italianate
block is located at 218 Humphrey and has been altered with synthetic siding (photo attached).
The proximity of this area to the village center and public transportation is reflected the lack of
carriage barns associated with residences in the area; only one carriage barn is intact at 93
Redington Street, though several others appear to have been converted to residential use in the
early 20th century.
In the early 20th century, there was extensive new construction in Swampscott Center as
the population increased rapidly. Many older houses were replaced and new houses were built on
terraces above Humphrey Street, frequently oriented towards the water. Thorndike Terrace, off of
Blaney Street, was developed with multi-family dwellings. Approximately forty houses in the
Swampscott Center Area date from the 1897 to 1928 period. The expansion of automobile travel
is reflected in the many early 20th century garages in the area. Many older houses have garages
added during this period and almost all new houses have associated garages either detached or
located in the basements, under the common high foundations. A wide range of house types were
I
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Coirimunity
Swampscott
Area
Center
Property Address
Form #
A
Architectural Description, continued. 5
used during this period, combined with a strong preference for Colonial Revival designs in
Swampscott. Eight houses in the area were built in the 2 1/2 story gable bock form; several of
these are multi-family houses. The end house remained popular; two 2 1/2 story examples have
Queen Anne style detailing. Nine 11/2 story end houses have simple Queen Anne or Colonial
Revival style decoration including one story bay windows, entry porches, or full porches on
turned posts or Doric columns. Many of these small houses have been substantially altered with
synthetic siding and additions. Three two-family houses in the end house form were built, with
two story porches on their facades. A variation is seen in the two gambrel roofed end houses.
See attached photo of 40-56 King Street.
Gambrel roofs were also used on Dutch Colonial houses, four of which are located in this
area (33 Rockland, 1 Blaney Circle, 5 Fuller Terrace, 12 Humphrey Terrace). These all have
full shed dormers, center entries, and Colonial Revival trim. Two houses in the area are gambrel
blocks. The house at 6 Humphrey Terrace is a large three story structure with an exposed
basement and a wide, low pitched gambrel roof with clipped gables. The house reflects the
Shingle Style in its use of wood shingles, diamond pane windows, oriel and picture windows, and
front sun porch with shingled parapet, splayed posts, and multi-pane windows. A smaller
variation is 49 Blaney Street, which is a 2 1/2 story house, built during the 1920s, with a high
gambrel roof, shed dormers, an inset bay window with canted corners and inset entry porch. A
large hip block addition was built onto the earlier small house at 69 Rockland Street to create a
large Colonial Revival style house, detailed with corner quoins, arches and keystones, an entry
pavilion on Doric columns, and a two story sun porch facing the water. Two large 2 1/2 story,
hip block houses in the Colonial Revival style were built in the area during the early 20th century
(386 Humphrey Street and 9 Humphrey Terrace). The later is a large 2 1/2 story Colonial
Revival house with hip dormers, sun porch with large windows and fanlights, and entry porch on
Doric columns. A variation is the hip block house at 10 Fuller Terrace, built in the Spanish
Colonial style, with stucco finish. A two family house in the hip block form is located at 11
Fuller Terrace. This reflects the Craftsman style in the widely projecting flared eaves on
brackets, hip dormers, and diamond pane windows. The only examples of the bungalow (11
Humphrey Terrace and 380 Humphrey Street) are found here. Both of these have
asymmetrical gable roofs, extending to shelter engaged porches, shed dormers, and Craftsman
style elements including widely projecting eaves on knee braces. One Tudor house, built in the
1920s is located at 12 Blaney Circle. This small house features a clipped front gable, splayed
eaves, and arch entry.
During the early 20th century, a number of new business blocks were built on Humphrey
Street to replace older structures. Five commercial buildings from the pre-1928 period are
I
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Community
Swampscott
Area
Center
Property Address
Form #
A
Architectural Description, continued. £>
located in the area. Numbers 146-156 and 248-120 Humphrey Street are long, one story, brick
structures with flat roofs, which have been substantially altered in the late 20th century with new
windows and store fronts. Historic photographs show that both were originally faced with a
concrete or granite veneer with false fronts and classically derived ornament. A similar two story
structure was 154-162 Humphrey, which has been completely altered with a new brick facade
and new windows. An example of a three story, flat roofed, brick structure with Colonial Revival
brick corner quoins and window trim is located at 242-246 Humphrey and retains integrity.
There has been little new construction in Swampscott Center in the second half of the 20th
century. Buildings from this period include two split-level houses, one large condominium
complex, one large garrison colonial office building, and two two story brick commercial
buildings with flat roofs. As noted, many older buildings, particularly along Humphrey Street,
have been substantially remodelled in the late 20th century.
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Community
Swampscott
Area
Center
Property Address
Form #
A
Historical Narrative, continued. I
In 1830, Swampscott was still a rural and fishing outpost of Lynn. Humphrey Street was
the only road in the area until the 1830s, when land to the north was subdivided and laid out in
streets and house lots. Much of this land was owned by the Blaney Family. In 1834 and 1836,
Benjamin Blaney acquired tillage land north of Humphrey Street from his parents Joseph and Ruth
Blaney. Joseph Blaney was a fisherman who was killed in a fishing accident in 1836 according to
the local history. In 1836 Benjamin Blaney subdivided the land into small house lots and laid out
a street known as Blaney Street. Houses were soon erected for carpenter and merchant Henry
Thing, and fishermen Joseph Blaney Jr. and Gorham Bracket, among others. During the 1830s
and 1840s a residential area developed on Blaney, Rockland, and King Streets, and on Redington
Street along the northwestern edge of the area. The railroad reached Swampscott in 1838 and the
waterfront was recognized as a summer resort for Bostonians as early as the 1840's. In 1844 E.R.
Mudge established a large summer estate just northwest of the Swampscott Center area. A
Congregational Church was built on Blaney Street and a Methodist Church and a schoolhouse
were located on Redington at the edge of the area. All major streets in the area existed by 1856,
though some were known by different names. According to maps and directories, Blaney Street
seems to have been known at various times as Blaney Street, Kirk Street, and Redington Street.
The present Redington Street was labelled Blaney Street on the 1856 map. In 1856, Humphrey
Street remained the densely settled center of the village with approximately 35 houses, two shops,
a hotel, a fire house, and a post office. Nine houses were located on the present Blaney Street,
eleven on Rockland Street, eight on King Street, nine on what is now Redington, and one on
Rose Street (then called Unity). Fishing continued to be the principal economic activity during
the mid-19th century. In 1851 Swampscott Center residents included twenty four fishermen,
three carpenters, one laborer, one farmer, two widows, two merchants, and a gentleman.
Swampscott as a whole experienced extraordinary growth between 1870 and 1915 and
this is reflected in the Swampscott Center Area. New buildings were erected on in-fill lots and
others replaced older structures. According to historic maps approximately 51 new buildings
were constructed in the area between 1872 and 1913. By 1880, Swampscott's commercial center
along Humphrey Street included three stores, a post office, a school, two churches, and the Cliff
House hotel. In 1881 the Lynn and Boston Horse Railroad Company began service from Lynn to
Monument Square, just west of the Swampscott Center Area. Businesses on Humphrey Street in
1913 included a post office, a cafe, a hotel, four grocery stores, a meat market, a fruit market, a
dry goods store, two tailor shops, a cobbler, a Chinese laundry, a stationary store, a barbershop,
two drug stores, a hardware store, and an electrical supply store. The fishing industry declined,
but Swampscott grew as a summer resort and commuter suburb of Lynn. In 1899, a number of
fishermen and shoemakers were still living in the area. The population grew and diversified to
include businessmen, merchants, clerks, restaurant and hotel proprietors, clergymen, teachers, a
lawyer, a policeman, a barber, seamstresses, a washerwoman, carpenters, masons, plumbers,
80 Boyleston Street
Boston M A 02116
Historical Narrative, continued.
Community
Swampscott
Property Address
Area
Center
Form #
A
2
blacksmiths, leather workers, coachmen and drivers, a tinsmith, a florist, a fruit seller, a fish
peddler, a meat cutter, and a number of laborers. Changes in the town's population are reflected
in the establishment of a Roman Catholic Church, which led to the construction of St. John the
Evangelist on Humphrey Street. The resort oriented coastal areas became more densely settled
as large new houses were built on terraces above the waterfront. Ingalls Terrace was extended
between 1880 and 1897 and Humphrey Terrace, Lawrence Terrace, and Fuller Terrace were
developed between 1907 and 1913. During this period, the automobile replaced the streetcars
and trains as the form of transportation for commuters and tourists. In the 1920s ten new
residences and seven commercial structures, which replaced older buildings, were constructed.
By 1928, the area had achieved its current form, the major change since that time being the loss of
some buildings from along the waterfront. Residential development continued to the north, west,
and east of Swampscott Center in the early 20th century and the Town's municipal center was
established in the Olmstead Area, just west of the Swampscott Center Area.
Little new development has occurred in the Swampscott Center Area during the second
half of the 20th century. Both the Congregational and the Methodist Church buildings were
removed, as each congregation relocated to Burrill Street. Older structures continue to be
remodelled and a number of buildings have been lost from along the waterfront. Humphrey Street
continues to serve as the main commercial center of the town.
I
Community
Swampscott
80 Boylston Street
Property Address
Area
Form # A , 26-39
Swampscott Center
National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form
Check all that apply:
__ Eligible only in a historic district,
x Potential historic district.
Individually eligible.
Contributing to a potential district.
Criteria:
X A
Criteria Considerations:
B
X C
B
D
D
G
Statement of Significance by Claire W. Dempsey.
Swampscott Center is located to the north of Humphrey Street, south and
west of Rockland and Bayview streets, and south and east of Redington Street.
Formerly the site of Swampscott's fishing village settlement, here are located many
of the town's older homes, documenting its earliest years. Within the surveyed area
fourteen individual building forms, illustrating the high quality of the mid-19th
century historic landscape, including the Jeffers Block (# 26), the Hanford-Fuller
House (# 27), the Fuller House (# 28), the Ingalls House (# 29), the T. Thing
House (# 30), the H . Thing House (#31), the J. Blaney House (# 32), the Bracket
House (#33), the Andrews House (# 34), the Wilkins House (# 35), the Holder
House (# 36), the Hall House (# 37), the Hawes House (# 38), and the Holt House
(# 39). Significant later building and rebuilding over three centuries has produced a
dense and varied landscape. Future review should include expanding the area to
include the Hadley School (# 12) and the Saint John the Evangelist Church area
(area B). Retaining integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship,
feeling and association, Swampscott Center meets Criteria A and C of the National
Register at the local level.
5W4
Swampscott C e n t e r A r e a
NAME
ADDRESS
MH£#
FORM
STYLE
DATE
house
01 B l a n e y C i r c l e
Dutch C o l o n i a l
Colonial
house
end house 1.5
altered
1856-1872
house
Tudor
Tudor R e v i v a l
1920-1928
house
g a b l e b l o c k 1.5
altered
1880-1897
house
Colonial
house
006 B l a n e y S t r e e t
altered
1872-1880
¥s 012 B l a n e y S t r e e t
c. 1840
house
T.TVvi'
house
house
H
~f\v\
house
house
d.Blflhfi
1
Revival
Revival
1920-1928
1920-1928
Greek R e v i v a l
end house 1.5
a l t e r e d c a r r i a g e house
1913-1920
e l I house 2.5
Greek R e v i v a l
unknown
Italianate
c. 1850
cl&4o
c e n t e r chimney 2.5
Greek R e v i v a l
unknown U33e>s
end house 1.5
altered
1830-1856
house
ell
house
Greek R e v i v a l
unknown
thousa
039 B l o n o y S t r e e t
oil
houoo
two-family
041-43 B l a n e y S t r e e t
gabled
two-family
Greek R o v i v d l
Classical
(HQ luwn—
1880-1897
two-family
gabled
two-family
Classical
1920-1928
house
gambrel end house
Colonial
house
end house 1.5
Queen Anne
1897-1907
house
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
house
end house 2.5
Queen Anne
1897-1907
house
altered
pre-1856
house
05 F u l l e r T e r r a c e
Colonial
house
06 F u l l e r
Terrace
end house 1.5
Shingle
1907-1913
house
h i p b l o c k 2.5
Spanish C o l o n i a l
1913-1920
two-family
hip
Craftsman
1907-1913
house
Shingle
1907-1913
house
07 H i g h l a n d S t r e e t
end house 1.5
altered
1880-1897
house
end house 1.5
altered
1872-1880
house
end house 2.5
altered
1880-1897
house
15 H i g h l a n d
Street
end house 1.5
altered
1880-1897
house
end house 1.5
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
house
end house 1.5
altered
1880-1897
house
*• 029 B l a n e y S t r e e t
two-family
Revival
Revival
#31
#.3
2.
As**"
1920-1928
1920-1928
C
% \ A
3
2.
NAME
ADDRESS
FORM
STYLE
DATE
commercial
128 -140 Humphrey S t r e e t
f l a t r o o f 3.0
Second Empire
1897-1907
Dales Restaurant
141 Humphrey S t r e e t
hip block
alterd
1897-1907
commercial
146 -156 Humphrey S t r e e t
f l a t r o o f 1.0
Classical Revival
1920-1928
154--62 Humphrey S t r e e t
f l a t roof 2
Classical Revival
1920-28
f l a t r o o f 3.0
Italianate
c . 1880
house
end house + wing
altered
1856-1872
house
hip
converted s t a b l e
1907-1913
house
bent house 2.5
altered
1856-1872
house
gable
Colonial Revival
1907-1913
house
d o u b l e house
Greek R e v i v a l
1820-1856
commercial
f l a t r o o f 2.0
Italianate
1872-1880
inn
Italianate
1856-1872
house/commercial
232-•238 Humphrey S t r e e t
altered
1897-1907
hotel
altered
1897-1907
hotel
mansard b l o c k 2.0
Second Empire
1897-1907
commercial
f l a t r o o f 3.0
Colonial Revival
1913-1920
commercial
f l a t r o o f 1.0
Classical Revival
1920-1928
hotel
h i p b l o c k 3.0
Greek R e v i v a l
1872-1880
house
flat
r o o f 3.0
altered
1872-1880
house
end house 2.5
altered
1856-1872
bank
hip
block
Colonial Revival
1920-1928
house
hip
block
Colonial Revival
unknown
house
gable
a l t e r e d barn
1920-1928
commercial
, „,
commercial "gjfggj^
house
house
house
house
house
*
* 287-•289 Humphrey S t r e e t
fulled
TudleM
W f) • A
plus
block
block
block
h a l f house 2.5
Federal
c . 1812
ell
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
altered
1872-1880
center
Federal
pre-1856
-*• 304 Humphrey S t r e e t
house
chimney
mansard b l o c k 3.0
Second Empire
1880-1897
house
hip
block
Queen Anne
1880-1897
house
•* 362 Humphrey S t r e e t
hip
block
Federal
1789
house
h i p b l o c k 3.0
altered
pre-1856
house
bungaIow
Craftsman
1920-1928
M H C "H*
#2(o
* 2-7
•
2&
^2^
2 »
J
.4
Swampscott C e n t e r Area
3
NAME
ADDRESS
FORM
house
h i p b l o c k 3.0
Colonial Revival
1920-1928
house
06 Humphrey T e r r a c e
gambrel b l o c k 3 .0
Queen
1907-1913
STYLE
DATE
Anne/Shingle
two-family
08-10 Humphrey T e r r a c e
end house
Colonial Revival
1907-1913
house
h i p b l o c k 3.5
Colonial Revival
1907-1913
house
bungalow
Craftsman
1907-1913
house
Colonial Revival
1907-1913
house
05 I n g a l l s
end house
Shingle
1880-1897
house
11 I n g a l I s T e r r a c e
cape
altered
1880-1897
Terrace
house
15 I n g a l l s
Terrace
mansard b l o c k 2..0
Second E m p i r e
1856-1872
house
17 I n g a l l s
Terrace
Second E m p i r e
1880-1897
house
20 I n g a l l s
Terrace
Second Empi r e
1872-1880
house
23 I n g a l l s
Terrace
end house 2.5
Victorian
1880-1897
house
end house 2.5
Queen Anne
1897-1907
house
25 I n g a l l s
mansard b l o c k 2. 0
Second E m p i r e
1880-1897
house
altered
1872-1880
house
30 I n g a l l s
e l I house 2.5
Federal
1800-1820
pre-1856
Terrace
Terrace
eclectic
house
04 K i n g S t r e e t
h a l f house 2.5
Greek R e v i v a l
house
altered
1856-1872
house
Queen Anne
1897-1907
house
end house 2.5
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
house
end house 1.5
Greek R e v i v a l
1856-1872
house
hip block
altered
1880-1897
house
•*25 King Street
Greek R e v i v a l
1830-1856
pre-1856
house
end house 1.5
Greek R e v i v a l
house
altered
pre-1856
house
altered
pre-1856
house
end house 1.5
altered
1880-1897
house
end house 1.5
altered
1880-1897
house
end house 1.5
Italianate
1856-1872
house
end house 1.5
altered
1897-1907
house
end house 2.5
altered
pre-1856
house
altered
altered
pre-1856
3 4 2,
Jul
3 ^ 5
5WA
-4
NAME
ADDRESS
FORM
house
house
house
STYLE
DATE
gambrel f r o n t 2 5
Shingle
1897-1907
end house 2.5
Queen Anne
1856-1872
mansard b l o c k 2 0
altered
1872-1880
house
end house 1.5
altered
1897-1907
house
end house 1.5
altered
1856-1872
house
end house 1.5
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
house
d o u b l e house
Greek R e v i v a l
1856-1872
house
end house 1.5
Italianate
1856-1872
house
end house 1.5
Greek R e v i v a l
1856-1872
house
Greek R e v i v a l
1856-1872
house
15 Lawrence T e r r a c e
end house 1.5
Shingle
1907-1913
house
19 Lawrence T e r r a c e
mansard b l o c k 2 0
Second E m p i r e
1856-1872
house
011 R e d i n g t o n S t r e e t
end house 2.5
Italianate
1897-1907
house
gambrel f r o n t 2 5
Shingle
1897-1907
house
h a l f house 2.5
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
house
end house 2.5
altered
1880-1897
house
end house 2.5
altered
1897-1907
house
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
house
end house
altered
pre-1856
house
end house
altered
pre-1856
house
bent house 2.5
altered
house
end house 1.5
Gothic
house
end house 2.5
altered
two-fami l y
end house 2.5
Queen Anne
1907-1913
house
end house 1.5
Queen Anne
1856-1872
house
rfeH-
J* 093 R e d i n g t o n S t r e e t
* "IS*
2>1 i
31 U
In
pre-1856
Revival
1856-1872
1872-1880
Italianate
c. 1850
house
end house 1.5
Queen Anne
1880-1897
house
end house 1.5
Queen Anne
1897-1907
house
end house 2.5
Queen Anne
1880-1897
house
end house 1.5
S h i n g l e / Q u e e n Anne
1880-1897
house
009 R o c k l a n d S t r e e t
bent house 2.5
Italianate
1856-1872
house
•* 011-15 R o c k l a n d S t r e e t
Italianate
1872-1880
•
Ho
S wA- A
5
NAME
ADDRESS
FORM
house
house
house
house
STYLE
DATE
altered
c. 1850
end house 2.5
Queen Anne
1880-1897
022-24 R o c k l a n d S t r e e t
gable block
1.5
Italianate
c. 1850
gable block
1.5
Greek R e v i v a l
c. 1849
house
end house 1.5
Gothic
house
Shingle
house
Colonial
house
end house 1.5
altered
house
gable block
c o n v e r t e d c a r r i a g e house
1907-1913
house
end house 1.5
altered
c. 1850
house
Queen Anne
house
Colonial
Gothic
*•
house
1.5
Revival
1840-1850
1907-1913
Revival
1920-1928
Revival
Revival
1872-1880
1840-1850
c. 1846
altered
1856-1872
house
center
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
Gothic
c. 1840
house
Hall
*
062 R o c k l a n d
end house 1.5
Italianate
1856-1872
Second Empi r e
1872-1880
house
gable
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
two-family
gabled
Colonial
1880-1897
house
Second E m p i r e
1872-1880
house
end house 1.5
Queen Anne
1880-1897
house
Queen Anne
1872-1880
house
Second E m p i r e
1856-1872
house
9 Rose S t r e e t
gable block
1.5
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
house
06 T h o r n d i k e T e r r a c e
Greek R e v i v a l
pre-1856
two-family
end house
Classical
1880-1897
multi- family
gable
Classical
1920-1928
house
house
Street
block
two-family
block
^jh
c. 1850
house
chimney
12.
Revival
Revival
-H37
a
to
%4\ *"
H
1
i
S o
M H C I N V E N T O R Y F O R M C O N T I N U A T I O N S H E E T - MHC Inventory scanning project, 2008-2009
M A C R I S No. 3 V y . 4 4
M H C I N V E N T O R Y F O R M C O N T I N U A T I O N S H E E T -- MHC Inventory scanning project, 2008-2009
1V1AL.K1S iNO.
HvxmnVireM "terrace <x.n<^ 322 ViUmpVirey S-h
2-0 V ^ o V W d
S V O U C *SWA.7H)
C\nd 5 5 KoaSr--
H O - 5 6 XT,ACf S-fre^-r-.
N £ vie^J .
M H C I N V E N T O R Y F O R M C O N 1 IN U A H O N S H E E T -- MHC Inventory scanning project, 2008-2009
M A U R I S NO. S W A •
M H C I N V E N T O R Y F O R M C O N T I N U A T I O N S H E E T -- MHC Inventory scanning project, 2008-2009
MACKis
rso-SWA- -4
Slides
7 Rockland Street
January 2016
pg. 62
26 Rockland Street
January 2016
pg. 63
27 Rockland St, Foreground, 33 Rockland St, Background
February 2016
pg. 64
42 Rockland Street, Foreground, 38 Rockland Street, Background
January 2016
pg. 65
50 Rockland Street, Left, 56 Rockland Street, Right
January 2016
pg. 66
62 Rockland Street, Left, 68 Rockland St, Right
February 2016
pg. 67
49 Rockland Street
November 2016
pg. 68
88 Rockland Street, Right, 79 Rockland St, Left
February 2016
pg. 69
106 Rockland Steet, Right, 94 & 96 Rockland, Left
January 2016
pg. 70
105 Rockland Street
January 2016
pg. 71
View of top of Winnepurkitt hill from Town Pier at Blaney’s Beach, rear of 69, 79, 85, 89, 93, 99,
101, 103, & 105 Rockland Street.
February 2016
pg. 72
View of Winnepurkitt Hill, shown 27, 45, 49, 50, 57, 69, 79, 85, 89, 94, 95, 98, and 99 Rockland
Street.
Late 19th Century
pg. 73
Lower Rockland Street, shown 43 Redington St, 7, 11, 15, 16, 22, and 26 Rockland Street.
Late 19th Century
pg. 74

Massachusetts Historical Commission February 17

Transcription

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