Trivalent Chrome Systems - MacDermid Industrial Solutions

Trivalent Chrome Systems - MacDermid Industrial Solutions

Trivalent Chrome Systems
POP seminar USA
October 2014
Confidential – for authorized use only
Lammert de Boer
Global Director – Decorative Coatings
Agenda
• Trichrome demand
• Overview
• The state of art on Decorative Trichrome
• MacDermid OEM selling focus
• Corrosion Resistance
• Specifications and Approvals
• Colour Ranges
• Benefits
2
Trivalent Chrome - Demand
• Why is the market moving towards trivalent
chrome…
– REACh - Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and
restriction of Chemicals
– SVHC’s - Substance of Very High Concern
– T1 “Corporate Compliance” programs
– Pressures on OEM to go “GREEN”
– Increased Colour and Styling options
– Technical performance and Specific
– The Trichrome technology is now mature
– Many competitors are promoting it
Trivalent processes – An overview
Two distinctive types of systems
• Chloride type
• Sulphate type
Time line
• 1970’s
• Chloride systems introduced
• Graphite anodes
• Introduction of original Envirochrome sulphate system
• Anode boxes to prevent oxidation of CrIII
1990’s
• Twilite Sulphate based system
• Dark chrome deposit
• Dimensionally stable anodes (DSA)
• Much easier to use and facilitates wider adoption of process
2003
• TriMac
Sulphate based system
2010
• Starlite Sulphate based system
• Darker chromium colours for automotive use
4
Process comparison
Sulphate based system
• Lighter colour
• Easier process control
• Higher corrosion
resistance
• No cooling required
• Liquid maintenance
additives
5
Chloride based system
• Higher plating speed
• Cheaper anode system
• Longer life anodes
• Higher resistance to
metallic contamination
Yellow/Green Zone
Yellow/Red Zone
2
1.5
TriMac RM™
Twilite™
1
Macrome CL3™
0.5
Envirochrome™
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
0.5
-0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
TriMacIII™
-0.5
Std. Hex
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
Blue/Green Zone
Luminosity
62.5
Blue/Red Zone
75
TriMac RM
Twilite
87.5
Envirochrome
Macrome CL3
100
Hex Chrome
TriMacIII
6
Trivalent - State of the Art
• MacDermid
Sulphate Systems
– TriMacIII, TriMac RM, Twilite, Starlite
•
•
•
•
•
TriMac III
High Purity Chromium Deposits
Highest Performance
Fewest Competitors
MMO anodes
Best in Class Product
TriMac RM
Twilite
Starlite
Trivalent - State of the Art
• MacDermid
Chloride Systems
– Macrome CL3, Galaxy
•
•
•
•
Fastest Speed
Higher Alloy Content (Fe, Ni)
Graphite anodes
Passivation required
Macrome CL3
Galaxy
Advanced Trivalent Systems
• TriMacIII
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sulphate Based
Ultra white deposit, closest to Hex colour
Excellent CASS 60+ hrs
Excellent NSS, 240+ hrs
Passes “VW” PV 4017 Russian Mud test
Very stable colour, zero Fe
Ion Exchange Mandatory
Advanced Trivalent Systems
• Twilite
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sulphate Based
Mid-Dark Colour
Highest performance in ALL testing
CASS, NSS, Russian Mud – Nissan + VW
Colour in Blue/Green range
Contains Sulphur for colour and performance
Additives make darker colour
Ion Exchange Mandatory
Consistently passes all OEM requirements
Advanced Trivalent Systems
• Starlite
–
–
–
–
–
Sulphate Based
Contains an additive as colour control agent
Highest performance in ALL testing
Contains Sulphur for colour and performance
Ion Exchange Mandatory
Advanced Trivalent Systems
• Macrome CL3
–
–
–
–
Bright chloride trivalent system
High plating rate
Graphite anodes
Passes Nissan Russian Mud test
Trivalent - Corrosion Performance
Process
CASS
(hrs)
Russian Mud
(Nissan)
Russian
Mud
(Porsche)
NSS
(hrs)
Hex – MP
80+
48
Fail
240
Hex
Hex – MC
48 max.
336
Pass
120
Hex
TriMacIII
80+
72
Pass
240
Tri-Sul
Twilite
80+
336
Pass
240
Tri-Sul
Starlite
48-72
72
Fail
240
Tri-Sul
Macrome
CL3
72+*
336
Fail
240
Tri-Cl
*using hexavalent passivate
Notes
MRD North America CASS Testing
TriMac III
Hex
Semi-Bright Nickel
20 – 25 µm
20 – 25 µm
Bright Nickel
10 -12 µm
10 -12 µm
1 – 2 µm
1 – 2 µm
Microporous Nickel
Trivalent Chrome
0.3-0.4 µm
0.3 - 0.4 µm
Hexavalent Chrome
24 hr CASS Rating
10
10
48 hr CASS Rating
10
9
72 hr CASS Rating
9
9
9.7
9.3
Average CASS Rating
• Cycles both use triple
nickel (semi-bright,
bright, microporous
nickel), and differ only in
the chrome layer.
• No significant
performance difference
in trivalent chrome vs.
hex chrome in CASS
testing.
Trivalent – Thickness
Coating
Exterior
Interior
Microns
Microns
0.25 to 0.45
0.25 to 0.45
Micro Porous
1-3
Recommended but not essential
Bright Ni
10
10
Hi Sulphur (optional)
1-2
not required
Semi Bright Ni
15
7.5
Copper
20
25
Trivalent Chrome
Trivalent Cr – STEP (Optimum)
Coating
STEP
Millivolts (mV)
MP to Bright Ni
> -30
Bright Ni to Hi Sulphur (optional)
> 20
SB to Bright Ni
> 100
Trivalent Cr – Pores (Optimum)
Coating
Pore Count
“Active” Pores per cm2
Micro Porous
15,000 – 50,000
Higher pore count results in hazy deposits and loss of cosmetic appearance.
Pore counts up to 70,000 can improve corrosion performance.
Below 10,000 pore count has no significant beneficial effect.
OEM Specifications for Twilite
OEM
Hyundai /Kia
PSA
VW
Satin Product
Twilite Specification Color Designation
Color L*
Color A* Color B Gloss Level
Bright
Twilite
GS 97017
Shadow Bright Motor Sport Package
67- 69
M Satin Lite + M Satin Fine
Twilite
GS 97017
Cerium Grey Motor Sport Package
58 - 61
Bright
Twilite
CM612
Brunito Lucido
62.5 – 64.5 0.4-0.6
3.8-4.6
Bright
NiMac M-Satin Star + M Satib Fine Twilite
CM615
Brunito Satinato Leggero
60.5 - 62.5 0.4-0.5
3.8-4.4
12.5 – 14.5
NiMac M-Satin Star
Twilite
SZN
Liquid Titanium Chrome
64.5 – 67.5 0.3-0.6
2.8-3.3
23 - 25
Bright
Twilite
SZS
Light Black Chrome
64.5 – 67.5 0.3-0.6
2.8-3.3
Bright
NiMac M-Satin Star
Twilite
PS12600
Light Black Chrome
64.5 – 67.5 0.3-0.6
2.8-3.3
23 - 25
M-Satin Star
Twilite
SM 911
Smoked Satin
68.3
Bright
Twilite
SM 5166
Dark Chrome
62.5 – 64.5 0.4-0.6
SatinKote Pearl
Twilite
PB0029/172V Illudium 172V
Bright
Twilite
PB0025/215V Obsidian
70.0 - 71.6
0.3
Bright
Twilite
NH-763X
Dark Chrome
62.5 - 64.5
0.6 4.5 - 5.0 Bright
Bright
Twilite
?
No Color designation
NA
Bright
Twilite
X61A
Dark Chrome
62.5 - 64.5
Bright
Twilite
FVB-M001
Smoked Chrome
63.5 - 65.5 0.4-0.5
Bright
Twilite
11CR03
Smoked Chrome
61 - 67
NiMac M-Satin Star
Twilite
21CR11
Satin, Smoked Chrome
Bright
Twilite
TBD
TBD
0.3 2.7 - 2.9 Bright
0.4 - 0.8 4.7-6.1
0.3
TBD
2.9 TBD
3.8-4.6
Bright
Waiting for release of master sample
NA
3.3 Bright
NA
Bright
0.6 4.5 - 5.0 Bright
3.5-4
Bright
0.4 - 0.9 3.6 - 4.7 Bright
No sample available
67 - 69
0.3 2.7 - 2.9 Bright
Benefits of Trivalent Chrome systems (1)
1. Non-carcinogenic
•
Trivalent is the most stable form, which is why it is less
reactive
•
Trivalent chromium cannot traverse cell membranes*
•
This is the reasoning behind the claims of harmlessness of
trivalent chromium in the context of human and animal genes and
tissue
2. Low chrome concentrations
•
Typically a MacDermid system will contain between 10 – 20
g/l as chrome metal
•
Hexavalent systems typically contain 250 g/l as CrO3
•
Equivalent to some 125 g/l as chrome metal
*Source – Chromium plating in the German Electroplating industry – ZVO, October 2003
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Benefits of Trivalent Chrome systems (2)
3. PFOS-free wetter package
4. Superior deposit distribution
5. No chrome blows around holes
6. Free from burning at high current densities
7. Free from whitewashing
20
Questions?
Thank You
www.macdermid.com/industrial
www.fashionfinishes.com
www.qklad.com
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