Annex 2 - Castle Point

Transcription

ANNEX 2
LOCAL WILDLIFE SITE REGISTER 2007
Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey® 1:10 000 scale map by permission of Ordnance Survey® on behalf of The
Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence number AL 100020327
CP2 Montgomery School Meadow (3.8 ha) TQ 765889
This site comprises species-rich grassland with scattered scrub, developing on a very poor, thin soil, with a
low nutrient status helping to keep the seasonally parched soils flower-rich. The grassland contains a number
of sedges, including Glaucous Sedge (Carex flacca) and Black Sedge (Carex nigra), which is rare in south
Essex. Other components of the sward include Common Centaury (Centaurium erythraea), Black
Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Wild Carrot (Daucus carota), Grass Vetchling (Lathyrus nissolia), Bird’s-foot
Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), various clovers (Trifolium spp.) and Common Fleabane (Pulicaria dysenterica).
This wide range of albeit common grassland herbs provides an extremely good food source for invertebrates,
providing both nectar and pollen sources from early in the spring right through to late autumn, with the result
that invertebrate populations are likely to be very rich here. A sample of bumblebees showed five of the six
common species to be present on the site, along with a good range of butterfly species. Lack of recent
management is allowing the spread of scrub, although this still largely remains scattered bushes within the
grassland matrix. Some form of management would be desirable in order to maintain the current diversity of
plant species. Common Lizard and Slow-worm have both been recorded.
Selection Criteria: HCr11; SCr5
Condition Statement: Scrub encroachment is continuing, but is not yet a serious issue, with limited scattered scrub
adding to the wildlife value of the site.
Management Issues: It is assumed that this site was soil stripped for development and must be viewed as under threat.
Retain limited scrub growth.
CP3 Rushbottom Lane Flood Pound (3.1 ha) TQ 766894
This is a very varied site containing both marshy and dry grassland with scattered scrub. This is the only site
in the borough with a significant stand of marshy grassland (as defined by the Phase 1 Habitat Survey),
which elsewhere only occurs as narrow fringes to drainage ditches and pond margins. The grassland is
species-rich with a good mix of sedges, rushes, grasses and herbs, including Black Sedge (Carex nigra),
which is rare in south Essex. Other characteristic species include Meadow Foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis),
Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus), Common Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria), False Fox-sedge
(Carex otrubae), Meadow Barley (Hordeum secalinum), Grass Vetchling (Lathyrus nissolia), Hard Rush
(Juncus inflexus) and Meadow-grasses (Poa spp.). Management in the form of scrub control and some form
of grassland cropping will be necessary to maintain the value of the site.
Selection Criteria: HCr6(b); HCr13
Condition Statement: Stable
Management Issues: There will be a need to strike a balance between the extent of scrub growth and areas of open
grassland/marshy grassland.
CP4 West Canvey Marshes (293.4 ha) TQ 770850
West Canvey Marshes are a very extensive area of grazing-marsh, ditches and scattered scrub. The seawall
is largely part of the overall grazing land and is included within the site, as are the generally small and
seasonally dry “borrow dykes”. The ecological value of the site lies in the large expanse of grazing marsh
grassland (representing 18% of Essex's Thames Estuary grazing-marsh). The sward is floristically variable,
but includes several characteristic species, especially associated with the margins of the ditches and main
fleet. The Nationally Scarce Small Red Goosefoot (Chenopodium chenopodioides) has been recorded here.
Other notable species include the local, coastal plant Slender Hare's-ear (Bupleurum tenuissimum).
These brackish-waters should be good quality habitat for invertebrates. Areas that have a longer history of
continuous grazing are likely to be of importance for their terrestrial invertebrates, although those areas
subjected to annual hay cropping are more limited in this respect. The Marbled White – a rare butterfly in
Essex – occurs here in areas of tall, unmanaged grassland fringing the ditches and along some sections of
seawall. Such areas of grazing marsh provide resting, nesting and feeding grounds for very substantial
numbers of birds such as Lapwing, Redshank and Curlew. Parts of the site host a very large gull roost from
the adjacent Pitsea landfill site. Much of this land has recently been acquired by the RSPB.
Selection Criteria: HCr16
Condition Statement: Good. Extensive grazing continues across most of the site. Some relatively newly re-sown
areas of grassland are included here. This recognises the role of extensive grassland for wintering wildfowl and waders,
not just ancient sward areas.
Management Issues: Maintenance of a stable grazing regime is important, as is management of the ground water
regime. Coastal defence issues will impact on this site in the long term.
CP5 Canvey Village Marsh (41.0 ha) TQ 773827
This site represents a relatively complete and complex old grazing marsh system, making it a scarce and
declining Essex habitat. Features of particular interest include the network of brackish-water drains, which
support a rich invertebrate fauna and saltmarsh flora, a narrow reedbed along the main drain and notable
bird, mammal and invertebrate populations. Bird records include Stonechat, Corn Bunting, Snipe, Jack
Snipe, Sparrowhawk and Reed Bunting.
Much of the grassland is flower-rich, with an abundance of Bird’s-foot Trefoil (Lotus spp.). This, in turn,
supports a large population of the nationally threatened BAP species Shrill Carder Bee (Bombus sylvarum),
along with a general diversity of solitary bees and wasps. The relatively rougher grassland of the inner face
of the seawall is includes as additional habitat, with the scarce Essex butterfly the Marbled White known to
frequent the seawalls of Canvey. Its larvae develop in areas of taller, rough grassland. The main drainage
fleet supports a relatively large (for Essex) reedbed, which is a Local BAP habitat that provides nesting
habitat for Reed and Sedge Warbler. Mammalian interest includes Badgers and Water Voles, the latter being
a national BAP species which receives limited legal protection under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
(as amended).
Selection Criteria: HCr16; HCr22; SCr10; SCr14
Condition Statement: Stable. This site has been slightly enlarged, adding in a section along the northern boundary.
There has been a slight encroachment/expansion of the two “stable” areas to the south.
Management Issues: Maintenance of suitable grazing is of great importance. This Site is believed to be threatened by
proposals to construct a major access road across the south side of Canvey Island. If permitted, this further
fragmentation and introduction of traffic disturbance is likely to have a significant impact on the ecology of this area.
In terms of site management, grazing intensity is an important issue, with too high a stocking density likely to lead to
vegetation loss and poaching of soils under heavy trampling. Grazing of the Reed bed should be avoided.
CP6 Benfleet Sewage Works (6.5ha) TQ 773861
This area of rough, coastal grassland and associated scrub habitat supports a very diverse wildlife
assemblage. Much of the value lies in it being unmanaged, flower-rich grassland, even if there is a large
ruderal component within the flora. This is a site for the nationally scarce Bithynian Vetch (Vicia bithynica).
Two other nationally rare plants that are arguably native and occur here are Hartwort (Tordylium maximum)
(Red Data Book – “Endangered”) and Hairy Vetchling (Lathyrus hirsutus). Detailed survey work to map the
current distirbution of these important plants is now desirable.
The invertebrate fauna includes a good suite of grasshoppers and bush-crickets, including Roesel's Bushcricket, Marbled White butterfly and the ant Formica cunicularia. A worker of the Shrill Carder Bee
(Bombus sylvarum) was also noted during 2002 survey work. This site would not represent typical foraging
habitat for this national BAP species, but it is known to occur on a number of nearby sites to the south and
might thus be trying to spread northwards. Slow-worm and Grass Snake, both legally protected species, were
recorded during 2002. Such areas of coastal grasslands are under considerable pressure of development.
Selection Criteria: SCr5; SCr15
Condition Statement: Stable. Scrub encroachment seems to be progressing very slowly here, but may be an issue in
need of attention in future years.
Management Issues: Maintenance of an undisturbed environment will be important, although localised light
disturbance may help seed germination of some of the critical flora.
CP7 North Benfleet Hall Wood (3.6ha) TQ 773896
This woodland site was formerly considered to be ancient, but is now thought to probably be an old
secondary wood or at best derived from part ancient wood or hedgerows. The canopy is typified by relatively
young Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) with Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and Field Maple (Acer campestre)
and abundant Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) and Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) scrub underneath. Despite
its dubious status in terms of antiquity, there are several indicators of ancient woodland conditions within the
flora and fauna. These include the presence of Wood Ant (Formica rufa), frequent Bluebell (Hyacinthoides
non-scripta) and also lesser quantities of Pendulous Sedge (Carex pendula), Remote Sedge (Carex remota),
Spurge-laurel (Daphne laureola) and Hairy St. John’s-wort (Hypericum hirsutum). The flora also includes
Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria) and Common Dog Violet (Viola riviniana).
Recent coppicing has greatly improved the amount of light reaching the ground layer and this should greatly
improve the flora and structural diversity. The number of standards left within the coppice plots is perhaps a
little too high, but this can be rectified at a later date and future cut plots should have a greater proportion of
tall trees removed.
Selection Criteria: HCr2(b)
Condition Statement: Improving, with the resumption of coppicing.
Management Issues: Recent coppicing is a welcome management initiative, which should be continued in order to
maximise structural diversity and stimulate the growth of the shrub and ground flora layers. There is a small problem
with the dumping of garden waste and garden encroachment along the southern boundary, which should be addressed
before more of the wood is despoilt
CP8 Fane Road Meadows (2.1 ha) TQ 776899
This site has been reduced in size following the 2007 revision, with the loss of an eastern meadow to garden
conversion. The two remaining old meadows support a rich grassland flora, being of importance as
surviving examples of a now rare grassland type in the county. The larger western section is managed by the
owner, including the grazing of horses. The sward includes Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum),
Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus), Meadow Foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis) and Common Sorrel
(Rumex acetosa). Pepper Saxifrage (Silaum silaus) and Green-winged Orchid (Orchis morio), both indicative
of unimproved grassland, are also present.
Condition Statement: The remaining grassland appears in satisfactory condition, but the eastern end of the former Site
has been lost on account of its conversion to part of a garden.
Management Issues: conversion of these small paddocks to gardens is a wider issue in this part of the borough. Light
grazing is the preferred management.
CP9 Kents Hill Wood (0.6 ha) TQ 781880
This small, possibly ancient woodland fragment is all that remains of a somewhat larger scarp wood. The
canopy is dominated by large Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) coppice, Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur)
standards and scattered Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) with Field Maple (Acer campestre). Bluebell
(Hyacinthoides non-scripta) dominates the ground layer, with few other ancient woodland plants recorded.
Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria) is locally abundant.
Selection Criteria: HCr1(b)
Condition Statement: Stable, but the extent of Laurel invasion should be monitored.
Management Issues: This wood is but a small fragment of its former extent and must be perceived to be under threat
from further garden encroachment. The few Laurel bushes present should be removed before they become established.
CP10 Coombe Wood (11.8 ha) TQ 782882
N.B. The boundary delineated in red is approximate on account of the increasingly blurred distinction
between wood and “garden” as sections of the wood become subsumed into the adjacent properties. Some of
these gardens undoubtedly include areas of ancient woodland but the principle of not including residential
gardens within the Local Wildlife Site network favours the exclusion of such land from the Site.
This Site comprises the remnants of a large ancient wood and two sections of recent secondary woodland
that now support many typical old woodland flora and fauna. It lies within a narrow waist of semi-natural
habitat that forms an important corridor between South Benfleet and the open land of North Thundersley.
The ancient Coombe Wood is a remnant of a much larger ancient wood (largely lost to housing) on a plateau
and steep valley side. The main tree species are Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa), Hornbeam (Carpinus
betulus), Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) and Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), with some Alder (Alnus glutinosa)
and Wild Cherry (Prunus avium). The flora is particularly species-rich and noted for its Giant Horsetail
(Equisetum telmateia), Goldilocks Buttercup (Ranunculus auricomus) - rare in south-east Essex and Soft
Shield-fern (Polystichum setiferum). Ancient woodland plants include Wood Anemone (Anemone
nemorosa), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Spindle Tree (Euonymus europaeus), Sanicle (Sanicula
europaea), Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula pilosa), Spurge-laurel (Daphne laureola), Yellow Archangel
(Lamiastrum galeobdolon) and Wood Melick (Melica uniflora).
The recent woodland directly adjoining Coombe Wood to the south-west and north-west is chiefly composed
of Pedunculate Oak and Ash with a Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) shrub layer. The ground flora is at its
most diverse near the stream and includes Moschatel (Adoxa moschatellina), Spurge-laurel (Daphne laureola
– a scarce Essex plant, especially in the south-east) Sanicle, Yellow Archangel, Soft Shield-fern, Pendulous
Sedge (Carex pendula), Bluebell and Enchanter's Nightshade (Circaea lutetiana).
Selection Criteria: HCr1(a); HCr2(a)
Condition Statement: Largely stable, but under pressure at its boundaries.
Management Issues: Further loss to garden encroachment and invasion by Laurel and Mahonia are ongoing problems.
CP11 Mount Road Wood (3.8 ha) TQ 785877
This block of recent Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) and Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) wood with Hawthorn
(Crataegus monogyna) and Elder (Sambucus nigra) scrub comprises one of the largest blocks of contiguous
ex-plotland habitat left in South Benfleet. Such scrub and rough grassland habitat is of great importance
within the modern urban environment as refuges for wildlife that can also infiltrate into modern garden
surroundings, bringing people into contact with wildlife, which one of the key features of the Urban Habitats
Biodiversity Action Plan. The site lies within Green Belt, separating South Benfleet from Thundersley, and
this Belt plays a dual role as a wildlife corridor, linking the open countryside of Thundersley Glen and
Shipwrights Wood with the Coombe Wood and Thundersley complex. In particular, it forms a natural and
complementary extension to the wood and parkland habitats of Thundersley Glen. The site is notable for a
very substantial badger sett, with the whole area forming an important foraging habitat for Badgers. Other
notable aspects of the site’s ecology includes the occasional presence of all three British Woodpeckers
(including recent breeding records for the scarce Lesser Spotted Woodpecker), breeding Tawny Owl, records
for all four native reptiles and a good population of Song Thrush (a BAP species and, along with the Lesser
Spotted Woodpecker, a bird on the RSPB’s “Red List” of Birds of Nature Conservation Concern).
Selection Criteria: HCr2(a); SCr4; SCr11
Condition Statement: Slow decline. The canopy is becoming increasingly tall and uniform, with the ground vegetation
prone to trampling as well as dense shading.
Management Issues: A large section of the former Site has now been removed on account of conversion to garden
space. The remaining wood would benefit from some form of coppicing to diversify the canopy structure.
CP12 Vicarage Hill (16.7 ha) TQ 786864
The southerly slope of Vicarage Hill has an extensive area of tall grassland with a scrubby wood summit to
the north-west. The summit area supports an acidic-grassland, which is characterised by Common Bent-grass
(Agrostis capillaris), Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus
cristatus), Red Fescue (Festuca rubra) and Sheep's Sorrel (Rumex acetosella). A grazed horse paddock
borders Vicarage Hill road. The small scrubby woodland summit provides an area of additional habitat that
supports woodland birds and mammals. The lower slopes comprise taller grassland in which wild rose (Rosa
agg.) scrub is becoming locally widespread, although finer grasses such as Sweet Vernal-grass, Yellow Oatgrass (Trisetum flavescens) and Crested Dog's-tail are still frequent. Other typical species include Cock's-foot
(Dactylis glomerata), False Oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius) and Grass Vetchling (Lathyrus nissolia)
amongst a varied herb community. Of particular note is the scattered population of Pale Flax (Linum
bienne).
The site provides an important open link between Benfleet Downs and the Hadleigh Castle complex to the
south and the Thundersley Glen corridor, via Boyce Hill golf course, to the north.
Condition Statement: Significant decline in the face of scrub encroachment and lack of some grassland management.
Management Issues: Rose scrub needs urgent control. Management should take the form of direct removal of scrub
plants rather than large-scale flailing of the whole sward. Localised patch cutting of rank grassland would diversify the
sward.
CP13 Reeds Hill Pasture (1.6 ha) TQ 787863
This small area of grazed grassland ecologically supplements the Vicarage Hill Site (CP12). The site has a
species-rich sward that has escaped agricultural improvement and, as such, is a rare habitat type in Essex. Its
landform suggests that it is unlikely to have been ploughed within recent history. Sweet Vernal-grass
(Anthoxanthum odoratum) and Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus) are common in a sward that includes
several species of Fescue (Festuca sp.) and Bent (Agrostis sp.). A varied mix of herbs includes Agrimony
(Agrimonia eupatoria), Common Sorrel (Rumex acetosa) and Sheep's Sorrel (Rumex acetosella).
Condition Statement: Stable.
Management Issues: It is assumed that periodic grazing maintains the sward in its current condition. This should be
maintained.
CP14 Thundersley Glen (13.7 ha) TQ 788876
Thundersley Glen occupies part of the site of a former, large ancient Jervis Wood, a small patch of which
still remains in the south-west corner, as do several ancient hedges, probably derived from the wildwood.
Today the site mainly comprises old to recent secondary woodland, acid grassland and overgrown hedges.
The main tree species are Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), Field Maple (Acer
campestre), Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and Birch (Betula spp.) with Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna)
scrub widespread. A varied ground flora persists, including several ancient woodland plants such as Spurgelaurel (Daphne laureola), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa),
Wood Millet (Milium effusum), Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon), Remote Sedge (Carex
remota), Spindle-tree (Euonymus europaeus), Hairy St. John’s-wort (Hypericum hirsutum) and Sanicle
(Sanicula europaea). Of particular interest is the beetle Agrilus pannonicus, a nationally rare (Red Data
Book 2) beetle associated with old Oak trees. This is possibly only the second Essex record, with very few
known locations nationally. Butterflies include Ringlet, Purple Hairstreak, Small Heath and Brown Argus.
More open areas have an acid grassland sward of Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), Common
Bent-grass (Agrostis capillaris), Sheep’s Fescue (Festuca ovina), Wavy Hair-grass (Deschampsia flexuosa)
and Heath Wood-rush (Luzula multiflora). Several species of unimproved acid grasslands/open woodlands
are present, including Betony (Stachys officinalis), Common Centaury (Centaurium erythraea), Autumn
Hawkbit (Leontodon autumnalis), Sheep’s Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) and Wood Sage (Teucrium
scorodonia).
Selection Criteria: HCr1(b); HCr2(a); HCr13; SCr14
Condition Statement: Very slow decline as tall, uniform canopy takes over. Need to maintain open grassland.
Management Issues: Thin canopy to improve light regime; dumping of garden waste along south-west boundary.
Giant Hogweed near the main pond should be eradicated.
CP15 "Jervis Wood Lane" (1.1 ha) TQ 791874
This site represents the ancient lane that formerly formed the southern boundary of the now lost ancient
Jervis Wood and a strip of developing recent wood spreading south from the lane. Besides its antiquity, the
site's importance lies in its position as a woodland corridor between Thundersley Glen and Shipwrights
Wood. The large blocks of secondary woodland to the north of this might ultimately merit inclusion as part
of the site, but a lack of information restricts designation at present. They effectively lie within large
wooded gardens.
There are large standards of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), some Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and
Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus). The presence of Wild Service Tree (Sorbus torminalis) is of particular note.
The lane has an exceptionally rich flora for such a small site, including 15 ancient woodland species. These
include Moschatel (Adoxa moschatellina), Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa), Spurge-laurel (Daphne
laureola), Sanicle (Sanicula europaea), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum
galeobdolon) and Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta).
Condition Statement: Stable, but suffering from variable amounts of trampling pressure.
Management Issues: A balance needs to be struck between providing a surfaced path/bridleway and retaining the
native ground flora.
CP16 The Chase Paddocks (5.2 ha) TQ 791884
These three paddocks represent a scarce and declining habitat in the county. They are all floristically diverse
and include several plants indicative of ancient, unimproved grassland. Typically, the sward comprises
Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus) and Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum). The central
paddock supports Sneezewort (Achillea ptarmica) in some quality, although rare in Essex and Heath Grass
(Danthonia decumbens), a scarce Essex plant, particularly so in the south.
The small, unimproved species-rich plot to the north includes herbs such as Grass Vetchling (Lathyrus
nissolia) and Pepper Saxifrage (Silaum silaus), whilst the eastern field has Heath Grass, Heath Speedwell
(Veronica officinalis) and Sneezewort. An area of scrub to the north provides an additional habitat although
further scrub invasion will lead to deterioration of the site.
Condition Statement: Stable, although prone to over-grazing.
Management Issues: The most important issue is maintaining the correct intensity of horse grazing to maintain the
sward in good condition. Future development pressure is likely.
CP17 Shipwrights Meadow (1.1 ha) TQ 793872
This species-rich damp meadow has a sward is characterised by an abundance of Common Bent-grass
(Agrostis capillaris), Black Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Crested Dog’s-tail (Cynosurus cristatus) and
Timothy-grass (Phleum pratense agg.). The diverse flora includes several species of interest, such as Ragged
Robin (Lychnis flos-cuculi), Grass Vetchling (Lathyrus nissolia), Glaucous Sedge (Carex flacca) and
Common Spotted Orchid (Dactylorhiza fuchsii).
A large number of solitary bees forage on this rich nectar source, although their nesting sites are likely to be
some distance away. Also of interest is the population of the spider Argiope bruennichi, a Nationally Scarce
(Na) spider with a distinctly southern distribution in Britain and Essex.
Condition Statement: Moderate – summer cutting is a negative impact on invertebrates.
Management Issues: Abundant invasive scrub is currently being kept in check by summer hay cutting, although this
management is likely to have a negative impact on the invertebrate interest. Scrub control is best achieved by
controlling the scrub i.e. with a more significant investment in time and effort to physically remove the offending
bushes directly, rather than cutting the whole sward when in full flower. This might then allow a less intensive (and
therefore cost-saving) management regime in the future, whilst keeping future scrub encroachment under control.
CP18 Shipwrights Wood (12.4 ha) TQ 794871
This site comprises the ancient Shipwrights Wood, an ancient north-eastern arm (formerly part of the now
essentially lost Jervis Wood) and a small block of recent secondary woodland that is intimately associated
with the ancient stands. Shipwrights Wood is an ancient woodland lying on steep valley slopes and
landslips. The canopy comprises mainly Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), with lesser amounts of Sweet
Chestnut (Castanea sativa), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), Birch (Betula
spp.), Hazel (Corylus avellana), Field Maple (Acer campestre) and Aspen (Populus tremula).
The shrub and ground flora layers are equally varied, including a good range of ancient woodland plants,
with Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) abundant, along with Moschatel (Adoxa moschatellina), Remote
Sedge (Carex remota), Wood Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Yellow Archangel
(Lamiastrum galeobdolon), Early Dog-violet (Viola reichenbachiana) and Sanicle (Sanicula europaea).
Swampy areas support Pendulous Sedge (Carex pendula) and Giant Horsetail (Equisetum telmateia).
The recent woodland in the north-western section forms a natural extension to the ancient wood canopy. The
western section comprises a dense stand of Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), with occasional Pedunculate
Oak, Ash and Birch. The eastern section is a more mature wood of Ash and Oak, with some Hornbeam and a
varied shrub layer that includes Hazel, Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea) and Hawthorn. The unusually swampy
ground conditions support Giant Horsetail (Equisetum telmateia) and Pendulous Sedge in abundance, with
Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria), Sanicle and Bluebell amongst a varied flora that includes many
ancient woodland indicators colonising from Shipwrights Wood itself.
Condition Statement: Very slow decline? Canopy structure is becoming rather uniform and tall.
Management Issues: Recent woodland section could be coppiced to diversify canopy structure.
eradicating before it becomes widespread on the light soils.
Laurel needs
CP19 The Lake, Canvey Island (4.4 ha) TQ 795841
This site supports the largest pure stand of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) in the borough and is also
the largest body of essentially open body of water in Castle Point. Whilst the site does suffer from urban
pressures (water pollution, litter and trampling) it is large enough to buffer such pressures and provide refuge
for birds such as Heron and Reed Warbler. Its invertebrate life has not been studied in detail, but could well
be important for Reed-dependent invertebrates. The nationally rare Scarce Emerald Damselfly (Lestes
dryas) is known to occur here. A large population of aquatic crustacea thrive in the slightly brackish waters,
which feed a large number of fish, which will in turn attract birds such as Heron and Cormorant.
As a Public Open Space, the site provides a local focal point for informal recreation for much of the
population of Canvey Island and, as such, has an important role to play in environmental education and
drawing wildlife into an essentially urban environment.
Condition Statement: Inevitably, slowly declining due to natural processes of siltation and succession.
Management Issues: The main issues here are those of human control in terms of trampling, litter and other pollution.
Dredging parts of this old formerly tidal fleet may be necessary in the long-term, tackling small sections on a cyclical
basis. This would help to remove centuries of accumulated silt and also provide a greater diversity of aquatic habitats
by providing areas of deeper water.
CP20 Coopers Wood (1.3 ha) TQ 795874
This site comprises a small block of mainly recent secondary woodland on the site of the ancient Jervis
Wood and a small glade of species-rich unimproved acidic grassland. The woodland canopy is mainly
Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and Birch (Betula spp.), with lesser
amounts of Aspen (Populus tremula) and Holly (Ilex aquifolium) in the understorey. The varied ground flora
includes Male Fern (Dryopteris filix-mas), Giant Horsetail (Equisetum telmateia), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides
non-scripta) and Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum) amongst Bramble (Rubus fruticosus).
The grassy glade represents a scarce habitat type in Essex and supports a number of restricted plants as well
as good numbers of butterflies and other insects. The glade has abundant Devil's-bit Scabious (Succisa
pratensis), along with Wood Sage (Teucrium scorodonia), Golden Rod (Solidago virgaurea), Mouse-ear
Hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella), Tormentil (Potentilla erecta) and Trailing St. John's-wort (Hypericum
humifusum).
Selection Criteria: HCr2(b); HCr19
Condition Statement: Stable to improving, with recent thinning of the tree canopy.
Management Issues: There will need to be ongoing work to ensure the viability of the open acid grassland sward, in
the face of scrub woodland encroachment.
CP21 Thundersley Great Common Wood (5.0 ha) TQ 796893
This site comprises the woodland that separates the two portions of the Thundersley Great Common SSSI.
Some sections of wood are depicted on the 1777 map of Essex produced by Chapman and André, giving rise
to the possibility that some parts of this wooded common might effectively be considered to be “ancient”.
Such a status would also be supported by the locally abundant Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and the
presence of Common Cow-wheat (Melampyrum pratense). The great abundance of Holly (Ilex aquifolium)
might indicate some sort of wood-pasture origin; a land use that would be in keeping with its status as an old
common.
The majority of the canopy is dominated by Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) standards, although Birch
(Betula spp.) is abundant in more recent woodland invasion over heathland along the northern fringes. The
ground flora reflects the acidic, sandy nature of the soil, although it is generally quite poor (another possible
indication of former grazing). Typical species include Wood Sage (Teucrium scorodonia), Bracken
(Pteridium aquilinum), Greater Stitchwort (Stellaria holostea) and Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum).
The presence of Ribbed Sedge (Carex binervis), a rare species in Essex, is of particular interest as is the
presence of a few plants of Heather (Calluna vulgaris) in an open grassy area in the extreme south-west of
this site.
Selection Criteria: HCr1(b); HCr2(c)
Condition Statement: Probably declined over the last few decades.
Management Issues: Despite its possibly very old, if not ancient origins, there would be some ecological value in
thinning the canopy somewhat to allow for the development of an acid grassland flora that would provide more
connectivity between the two sections of the adjacent SSSI. A strip embracing the two northern parallel paths would be
an appropriate location for this exercise. The number of Oaks would need quite significant reduction in places. The
overgrown Hornbeam coppice could be “stored” i.e. cut to leave a single trunk on each crown as a means of further
opening up the very dense canopy. Laurel needs removing before it becomes too well established.
CP22 Wall Wood/Nine Acre Wood (6.0 ha) TQ 797867
This was formerly one large expanse of woodland, lying immediately to the south of Benfleet Road and
Shipwrights Wood. Wall Wood has almost entirely disappeared under housing, with some fragments
remaining in gardens. The canopy comprises mainly Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) with some Ash
(Fraxinus excelsior) and Holly (Ilex aquifolium). One named fragment remains on the Ordnance Survey
base maps and is included here. Nine Acre Wood is probably an ancient or at least very old scarp-wood
lying at the head of a small valley. The northern boundary is ill-defined, grading into gardens.
The canopy throughout the west and central areas is typified by Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), with some
Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), although there is a local invasion by
Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus). The eastern arm is dominated by invasive Elm (Ulmus sp.), with fewer
canopy trees and hence a more varied structure. Ancient woodland indicator species are perhaps below
average, possibly owing to the unstable nature of the scarp slope providing more difficult conditions. Of
particular note amongst the ground flora are the rare Essex fern Soft Shield-fern (Polystichum setiferum) and
Moschatel (Adoxa moschatellina), along with numerous ancient woodland plants, such as Pendulous Sedge
(Carex pendula), Spindle Tree (Euonymus europaeus), Dog’s Mercury (Mercurialis perennis) Bluebell
(Hyacinthoides non-scripta) and Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon). The value of the site is
furthered by its close proximity to the SSSI grasslands and other semi-natural habitats to the south.
Selection Criteria: HCr1(a); HCr1(b); Hcr2(b)
Condition Statement: Moderate: stable or slow decline?
Management Issues: Invasion by Sycamore from adjacent land is likely to become a serious issue in the near future.
Encroachment of gardens along the northern boundary may also erode the extent of semi-natural vegetation.
CP23 Thundersley Plotlands (22.4 ha) TQ 797883
This Site has been identified in order to highlight the value of the last remaining contiguous blocks of old
plotland habitat north of Kiln Road in Thundersley. By their very nature they represent a cross-over between
old rural gardens and the open countryside and they exemplify the type of habitat targeted by the urban
habitats Local BAP, providing a green “oasis” within an increasingly urbanised surroundings. As such the
mapping of their boundaries is approximate and any accidental inclusion of more obvious garden space may
need rectifying. They ensure that wildlife is still close at hand within east Thundersley as well as helping to
provide the last tangible wildlife corridor linking the open spaces of Daws Heath to the east and the
Thundersley Glen/Coombe Wood corridor to the west.
These areas of plotland habitat are a mosaic of woodland, scrub, paddocks and rough grassland. The
woodland is generally dominated by Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), with lesser amounts of Ash
(Fraxinus excelsior), Birch (Betula spp.), Hazel (Corylus avellana), Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) and
Holly (Ilex aquifolium). Grassland areas are typified by Yorkshire Fog (Holcus lanatus), Bent-grasses
(Agrostis spp.), False Oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), Sweet Vernal Grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum),
Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus) and Cock's-foot (Dactylis glomerata), with a good mix of common
herbs.
Selection Criteria: HCr2(c); HCr6(b); HCr13
Condition Statement: Variable. Periodic clearance of some areas to create pasture reverses succession to woodland
but garden conversion has a potential negative impact.
Management Issues: Given the evolution of this site from old residential plotland, the distinction between garden and
countryside is sometimes subtle and the process of reversing natural succession by clearance and recreation of gardens
will be ever-present. More drastic is the pressure to sell of blocks of plots for new housing development. Traditional
pasturing should help maintain areas of open grassland. Some coppicing of overgrown Hawthorn scrub would benefit
nesting birds and help encourage woodland flora to develop and diversify.
CP24 West Wood (33.1 ha) TQ 805882
The northern plateau of this ancient wood supports abundant Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) coppice along
with Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) coppice and Silver Birch (Betula pendula), whilst the southern
plateau supports a good amount of Wild Service Tree (Sorbus torminalis). Notable plants amongst a varied
ground flora include Woodruff (Galium odoratum), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Great Wood-rush
(Luzula sylvatica), Common Cow-wheat (Melampyrum pratense), Stinking Iris (Iris foetidissima) and Alder
Buckthorn (Frangula alnus). The site is rich in ancient woodland species, including Wood Anemone
(Anemone nemorosa), Remote Sedge (Carex remota), Wood Spurge (Euphorbia amygdaloides), Bluebell
(Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Wood Millet (Milium effusum), Hart’s-tongue Fern (Phyllitis scolopendrium)
and Primrose (Primula vulgaris). The Prittle Brook, which separates the two plateaux, provides an
additional habitat. A small section of wood here is recent secondary woodland. West Wood is recognised as
a nature reserve by Castle Point Borough Council who lease the site. A very small section of the wood lies
within the grounds of an adjacent school. Some recent coppicing of the overgrown Hornbeam should
increase structural diversity and stimulate ground flora growth.
The wood supports a typical assemblage of woodland and grassland ride butterflies, including Purple
Hairstreak, Speckled Wood, Comma, Small Tortoiseshell, Orange Tip, Gatekeeper and, less common, the
Wall Brown.
Condition Statement: Improving, with recent resumption of coppicing.
Management Issues: The dumping of garden waste and encroachment into the wood is becoming an increasing
problem where the wood borders residential properties. There are scattered small Laurel bushes, which should be
removed before this invasive alien species becomes well established. The recent resumption of coppicing should be
continued.
CP25 Castle Farm/Hadleigh Castle Grasslands (73.4 ha) TQ 807861
These pastures form a natural extension to the Country Park SSSI grasslands to the west, forming one of the
largest non-grazing-marsh grassland sites in the south of the county. The grazing of horses and cattle over
most of the site maintains a short to medium height sward that supports a number of scarce plants. The
Salvation Army is now considering organic livestock husbandry. Sandpit Hill and Adders Hill support an
acid grassland sward comprising Common Bent-grass (Agrostis capillaris), Crested Dog’s-tail (Cynosurus
cristatus), Red Fescue (Festuca rubra), Yorkshire Fog (Holcus lanatus) and Sheep’s Sorrel. The grassland
around the ruined castle is particularly species-rich, with several scarce Essex species including Grass
Vetchling (Lathyrus nissolia), Corn Parsley (Petroselinum segetum), Pale Flax (Linum bienne), Pepper
Saxifrage (Silaum silaus) and Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum).
Within the matrix of these grasslands are a number of ponds and reservoirs which, along with the small
groves of trees, hedgelines and ditch-line watercourses, add significantly to the habitat diversity and also
landscape quality of this site. Some of the larger hedges support an ancient woodland flora that includes
Wood Millet (Milium effusum), Dog’s Mercury (Mercurialis perennis), Giant Fescue (Festuca gigantea) and
Pendulous Sedge (Carex pendula).
The invertebrate fauna has been only briefly sampled, but several species of note have already been
recorded, such as the solitary wasp Mimesa equestris (a new county record in 2002), the Red Data Book
wasp Philanthus triangulum, the Nationally Scarce hoverfly Volucella zonaria, the rare Essex hoverfly
Cheilosia griseiventris and the uncommon Great Green Bush-cricket (Tettigonia viridissima). The sandy
summit of Sandpit Hill should prove to be of great interest for solitary bees and wasps.
Selection Criteria: HCr10; HCr11; SCr15
Condition Statement: Good, stable
Management Issues: Maintenance of appropriate grazing levels will be of critical importance in maintaining the value
of this site. Localised visitor pressure trampling around the castle may have a localised impact.
CP26 Cottage Plantation and Rag Wood (6.7 ha) TQ 807886
Cottage Plantation is a very old, if not strictly ancient wood. The canopy is dominated by maturing and
overgrown Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) coppice (possibly anciently planted and the source for the site
name of “plantation”), with some Oak (Quercus sp.) standards. Common Cow-wheat (Melampyrum
pratense), Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula pilosa), Great Wood-rush (Luzula sylvatica), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides
non-scripta), Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora) and Wood-spurge
(Euphorbia amygdaloides) are present amongst the ground flora, which is generally dominated by Bramble
(Rubus fruticosus). Some coppicing is still in evidence. Rag Wood, to the south-west of Cottage Plantation,
is an area of recent Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea), which is of particular value in linking Cottage Plantation
and West Wood in the south into one ecological unit.
Selection Criteria: HCr2(a)
Condition Statement: Good, but prone to decline if coppicing is not maintained.
Management Issues: maintenance of coppice regime will be important. Some areas are now ready for harvesting.
CP28 Little Haven Complex/Tile Wood (48.6 ha) TQ 812892
This large nature reserve comprises a mosaic of ancient woodlands, hedgerows, hay meadows and rough
grassland. The majority comprises a reserve leased from the Little Haven hospice, whilst Tile Wood East is
a reserve under a separate lease agreement. It will, however, effectively be managed as part of the same
reserve complex. The key sections are:
Starvelarks Wood: probably at least in part derived from an ancient woodland site, although it is documented
as an old plantation. The wood contains a rich flora of ancient woodland species including Midland
Hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora),
Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula pilosa), Great Wood-rush (Luzula sylvatica), Wild Service Tree (Sorbus
torminalis), Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa) and Yellow Archangel (Galeobdolon luteum). The
canopy is dominated by Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa), with lesser amounts of Ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
and Alder (Alnus glutinosa) as a stand of Plateau Alderwood, a scarce woodland type.
Tile Wood West: although not clearly documented as an ancient wood this site has nonetheless been wooded
for some time, being apparently a plantation on the site of the ancient Tilehurst Wood. This wood contains
the largest area of Plateau Alderwood (a scarce woodland type) in south Essex, whilst the remainder of the
canopy comprises Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) over Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), with scattered Sweet
Chestnut (Castanea sativa) and Hazel (Corylus avellana). The flora is rich in ancient woodland species,
including Pendulous Sedge (Carex pendula), Remote Sedge (Carex remota), Midland Hawthorn (Crataegus
monogyna), Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Wood Melick
(Melica uniflora), Wood Millet (Milium effusum) and Wood Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella). Other characteristic
species include Creeping Soft-grass (Holcus mollis) and Bramble (Rubus fruticosus).
Tile Wood East: This is one of the earliest woods to have been recorded in south-east Essex, being
mentioned in Anglo-Saxon times. Despite this it is no more species-rich than Tile Wood West, and with a
markedly different canopy composition. The tree species are predominately Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea),
Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa), with some Wild Service (Sorbus
torminalis). The flora is particularly rich in ancient woodland plants, including Wood Sorrel (Oxalis
acetosella), Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Wood Millet (Milium
effusum), Common Cow-wheat (Melampyrum pratense), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) and Hairy
wood-rush (Luzula pilosa). The population of wood-ants is also notable.
Hay Meadows: The grasslands of the reserve have been derived from agriculturally improved swards,
although the flora is gradually diversifying under less intensive management and some re-seeding. One of
the best fields lies at the western end of the reserve. It comprises a small triangular meadow and the north
western section of the immediately adjacent meadow (the remainder being lost to the hospice buildings),
both plots being relatively unimproved grassland. The triangular meadow has a flora typified by Sweet
Vernal Grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), Meadow Foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis), Yorkshire Fog (Holcus
lanatus), Common Bent-grass (Agrostis capillaris) and Black Knapweed (Centaurea nigra). Less frequent
species include Sheep's Sorrel (Rumex acetosella), Tufted Hair-grass (Deschampsia cespitosa), Marsh
Thistle (Cirsium palustre), Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil (Lotus pedunculatus) and Buttercups (Ranunculus
spp.). The section of meadow to the north has a diverse grass sward characterised by Meadow Foxtail,
Sweet Vernal Grass, Cock's-foot (Dactylis glomerata), Bent-grasses (Agrostis spp.), Yorkshire Fog and a
variety of typical grassland herbs. The rare fungus Boletus versicolor has been recorded from this field.
The remainder of the meadows are typified by an abundance of Yorkshire Fog, Rough Meadow-grass (Poa
trivialis), Common Bent-grass, False Oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), Timothy-grass (Phleum pratense)
and Meadow Foxtail. Corky-fruited Water-dropwort (Oenanthe pimpinelloides) has been introduced to one
field and is now seemingly spreading to others. It is a rare plant in Essex.
Selection Criteria: HCr1(a); HCr1(b); HCr2(d); HCr9(a); HCr13
Condition Statement: Moderate to good. There is a need to continue current coppicing within the woodland to
maintain habitat diversity. A more varied grassland management regime, other than extensive hay cropping may
benefit invertebrate populations.
Management Issues: Management should aim to enhance structural diversity in the woodlands, maintain hedgerows as
important connections between these woods and manage the grasslands to provide a diversity of sward conditions.
CP29 Two Tree Island Lagoon (3.0 ha) TQ 813849
This small lagoon, formed by the flooding of land enclosed within old sea walls, is of importance as a quiet
water/marsh roosting and resting site for wildfowl and waders adjacent to the Benfleet and Southend
Marshes SSSI. In recent years it has been the location of breeding Avocet, a special protected under
Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). In ecological terms it is undoubtedly
associated with more classic saline lagoons that are identified as a national and local BAP habitat.
Condition Statement: Good.
Management Issues: Control of public access and criminal activity during the Avocet breeding season is the most
critical consideration.
CP30 Coxall Wood (0.8 ha) TQ 816881
The remaining fragment of a once larger ancient wood, Coxall Wood has a canopy of Ash (Fraxinus
excelsior) and Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) with a ground flora very similar to that of Dodd's Grove,
including Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa), Creeping Bent-grass
(Holcus mollis), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora) and Greater Stitchwort (Stellaria holostea). Prittle Brook,
which runs through the woods, adds further interest, whilst its own intrinsic conservation value is increased
in the context of the wood forming an ecological extension of the Great Wood/Dodd's Grove SSSI.
Condition Statement: Stable. No current access to site.
Management Issues: Maintain status quo.
CP31 Pound Wood (22.5 ha) TQ 820887
This Site largely comprises an Essex Wildlife Trust reserve, being largely ancient wood with a section of old,
though technically "recent" wood to the south-west. A second small triangle of recent wood is not included
within the Wildlife Trust reserve but effectively now forms part of the woodland complex. The ground flora
is particularly rich for a south-east Essex wood, including Hard Fern (Blechnum spicant), Bluebell
(Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Common Cow-wheat (Melampyrum pratense), Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula
pilosa), Remote Sedge (Carex remota) and Wood Spurge (Euphorbia amygdaloides). The tree species are
mainly Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea), Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) and Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus).
The site is notable, also, for the abundance of wood Ants (Formica rufa).
The small triangle of wood to the north-east lies outside the ownership of the Essex Wildlife Trust and is not
ancient in origin. The canopy is dominated by Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) with some Hornbeam, Ash
(Fraxinus excelsior) and Field Maple (Acer campestre). Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) and Hawthorn
(Crataegus monogyna) form a dense understorey, particularly to the east. The ground flora is varied and
acquiring many characteristic ancient woodland species.
Selection Criteria: HCr1(a); HCr2(a); SCr12
Condition Statement: Good, improving with maintenance of coppice regime.
Management Issues: Maintain coppice cycle that is vital for the growth of Common Cow-wheat, which is the larval
food plant of the Heath Fritillary butterfly.
CP33 Oakwood Reservoirs (5.8 ha) TQ 823883
The species-rich mown grassland around the covered reservoirs exhibit a variety of habitat types, including
significant areas of essentially unimproved acid grassland. The grassland comprises a mixture of Sweet
Vernal Grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), Black Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Red Fescue (Festuca rubra),
Mouse-ear Hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella), Field Club-rush (Luzula campestris) and Ox-eye Daisy
(Leucanthemum vulgare). Notable plant species include Green-winged Orchid (Orchis morio) - rare in Essex
and declining due to habitat destruction - along with Milkwort (Polygala sp., possibly Heath Milkwort, P.
serpyllifolia), Trailing St. John's-wort (Hypericum humifusum), Heath Grass (Danthonia decumbens) and,
most notably, Blinks (Montia fontana).
The south-eastern corner of the site comprises the site of a former covered reservoir and now supports a tall
herb vegetation, with Bramble (Rubus fruticosus) and scattered conifers. This part of the site provides
additional habitat variety in the form of scrub and tree cover, although no species of note have been recorded
here.
Condition Statement: Moderate to good. Previous problems with the mowing regime around the reservoir banks has
impacted upon the quality of the sward in places.
Management Issues: Establishing an appropriate mowing regime across the site is of primary importance.
CP34 Belfairs Park Wood (15.8 ha) TQ 826879
Part of the Belfairs Park and golf course, this ancient wood retains a considerable general wildlife interest.
The main block of woodland has been bisected by a number of fairways, tees and greens that, in their current
close-mown condition, are of no particular wildlife value and are excluded from the Site. There has been
some recent coppice management, which should improve the structural diversity and hence wildlife value of
the wood.
The tree canopy is dominated by Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and Oak (Quercus spp.) with, locally, Wild
Service Tree (Sorbus torminalis), Downy Birch (Betula pubescens) and Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa).
Despite the heavy recreation pressure exerted upon the wood, the ground flora remains rich, with many
ancient woodland species, such as Remote Sedge (Carex remota), Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta),
Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Common Cow-wheat (Melampyrum pratense), Wood Spurge (Euphorbia
amygdaloides), Wood Millet (Milium effusum), Primrose (Primula vulgaris) and Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula
pilosa). The presence of Broadleaved Helleborine (Epipactis helleborine) is of particular note.
Grassier, open areas have a flora indicative of the light, acid sandy soils, typified by Wavy Hair-grass
(Deschampsia cespitosa), Heath Bedstraw (Galium saxatile), Betony (Stachys officinalis) and Wood Sage
(Teucrium scorodonia).
Condition Statement: Moderate to poor
Management Issues: Extremely heavy trampling pressure is limiting the growth of ground flora in places. The very
tall, dense and uniform canopy is also inhibiting the ground flora. Thinning of Oak standards should be a high priority.
CP35 Thorneycreek Fleet (1.4 ha) TQ 792827
This Site supports a significant bed of Common Reed (Phragmites australis), along with associated birds
such as Reed and Sedge Warbler. Adjacent to Thorney Bay Road, a small section of rough grassland is
included within the Site as a transitional area where Reed is spreading. This rough grassland may also
support reptiles, but this is in need of further investigation. However, at least three species of reptile have
been recorded in the immediate vicinity, prior to the construction of the Magnolia Close/Jasmine Close
housing areas. It is not known to what extent these populations remain on site.
Condition Statement: Good.
Management Issues: The main issues will be the control of the water table and the prevention of human access and the
prevention of fires.

Annex 2 - Castle Point

Transcription

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