vitamins and supplements

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vitamins and supplements
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12ST0153_Answers_Brochure_Vitamins_v6.indd 1
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Bones
bones&&Joints
joints
Beauty
beauty
beauty
Answers about vitamins and
supplements begin here.
Digestive
digestive
Cognitive
cognitive
The best way to get the daily requirement of essential vitamins
is to eat a balanced diet that contains a variety of foods from
the food guide pyramid. In addition to eating well, vitamins
and supplements may help ensure your body gets all the
nutrients it needs. Since these needs can vary depending on
age, gender and other factors, such as pregnancy, we created
this helpful guide to vitamins and supplements.
Heart
heart
Contents
Beauty ......................................Page 3
Immune
immune
Bones & joints ..........................Page 8
Congnitive health ...................Page 18
Digestive health .....................Page 27
Prenatal
prenatal
Heart health ...........................Page 31
Immune health .......................Page 38
Prenatal health .......................Page 43
Menopause
menopause
Children’s
children’s
Children’s health ....................Page 50
What nutrients should I consider for
promoting the health of my hair, skin
and nails?
We often appreciate and distinguish beauty based on an outer
appearance, but much more can be said about beauty when
keeping our inner health in mind. Vitamins, minerals and other
key nutrients play a very important role in maintaining healthy
hair, skin and nails — the outward representation of our
“beauty” within.
Read on to learn how the
following nutrients can help
nourish and maintain the
health of your hair,
skin and nails.
• Alpha lipoic acid
• Biotin
• Green tea extract
• Lycopene
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin E
Menopause ............................Page 56
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12ST0153_Answers_Brochure_Vitamins_v6.indd 2-3
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beauty
beauty
Alpha lipoic acid
Vitamin C
Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is another important antioxidant in the
body. Not only does ALA fight against damaging free radicals,
but it also helps to regenerate or recycle other key antioxidant
nutrients, specifically vitamins C and E. The ability of ALA to
regenerate other protective nutrients helps to enhance the
antioxidant activity in the body and thus maintain healthy skin.3
Vitamin C is a key nutrient when it comes to skin health.
Not only does it offer potent antioxidant activity in helping
to protect the skin, it is also necessary for the formation of
collagen — an important compound naturally found in the skin
that helps maintain the elasticity and integrity of the skin.4,5,6
Biotin
Protecting the skin through the use of sunscreen is essential
when it comes to reducing the risk of cellular damage from
UV light. Unfortunately, the use of sunscreen with an SPF of
15 or higher inhibits the skin’s ability to synthesize vitamin
D — a critical nutrient involved in bone health and immune
function, among other benefits. Thus, when protecting the skin
by applying sunscreen, it is equally important to keep in mind
alternative ways for ensuring adequate blood levels of vitamin
D. Foods like salmon and fortified milk provide a moderate
amount of vitamin D and can be a good way to meet your
Biotin — a member of the B vitamins — is involved in the
maintenance of healthy hair, skin and nails. Individuals who are
deficient in biotin may experience scaly skin, loss of hair and
brittle nails. Individuals who are not meeting their daily need
for biotin can choose a daily biotin supplement to promote the
strength and health of their hair, skin and nails.9
Green tea extract
Green tea is an excellent source of antioxidants. Research
suggests that the antioxidant compounds found in green tea
may play a beneficial role in maintaining healthy skin, even in
the presence of UV light from the sun.1,2 Consequently, green
tea extract packed with antioxidants may be a helpful addition
to your health regimen.
Vitamin D
Lycopene
Lycopene is a carotenoid that plays a role throughout the
body, including the liver, adrenal glands, lungs, prostate and
skin. The intake of lycopene — through dietary sources like
tomatoes and supplements — can be a great way to promote
healthy skin.
4
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4/6/12 2:34 PM
beauty
requirement if you consume multiple servings of each per day.
For the many people who don’t get enough vitamin D through
the diet, taking a daily vitamin D supplement can be a great way
to fulfill your need for this very important nutrient.8 Foods like
salmon and fortified milk provide a moderate amount of vitamin
D and can be a good way to meet your requirement if you
consume multiple servings of each per day. For the many people
who don’t get enough vitamin D through their diet, taking a daily
vitamin D supplement can be a great way to fulfill your need for
this very important nutrient.8
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a crucial antioxidant nutrient found in every cell of
the body and helps to protect and maintain the integrity of
all cells, including skin cells. As a result, ensuring adequate
vitamin E through the diet is vital for promoting cellular health
and healthy skin.5,6,7
Nutrient
Suggested use
Alpha lipoic acid
50 -400 mg per day
Biotin
Up to 2,500 mg per day
Green tea extract
50 -400 mg standardized extract per day
Lycopene
10 mg per day
Vitamin C
250 -500 mg per day
Vitamin D
1,000 -2,000 IU per day for adults
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Advanced
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Superior Strength
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• Higher amounts may be taken under a doctor’s
supervision, especially if deficiency is present
Vitamin E
200 -400 IU per day
REMEMBER: Please consult with your doctor before beginning any dietary supplement
program or for specific concerns regarding your health condition or prescription medication.
6
4/6/12 2:34 PM
bones & joints
How do I maintain healthy bones and joints?
As we age, “wear and tear” on our joints from constant repetitive
motion can contribute to joint problems and limit mobility.
Following an ideal diet can be a challenge at times, so consider
starting a supplement program if you believe that it would be
to your advantage. Dietary supplements can be a great way
to support your nutritional needs by filling the nutrient gaps
that may exist. Remember, it is important to speak with your
preferred healthcare provider or registered dietitian about a
supplement regimen for promoting bone and joint health.
Read on to learn how the following nutrients can promote
healthy bones and strong joints:
• Calcium
• Chondroitin
• Glucosamine
• Hyaluronic acid
• Magnesium
• Multivitamins
• Omega-3 fatty acids
• SAM-e
Calcium is essential for maintaining bone density and, in fact,
the vast majority of the body’s calcium — greater than 90
percent — is stored in bone. The daily recommended intake
level for calcium is 1,000 mg per day. Calcium carbonate
and calcium citrate are the two main forms found in dietary
supplements. People who suffer from gastrointestinal
conditions (i.e, acid reflux) may find calcium citrate to be easier
on the stomach and better tolerated than calcium carbonate.
Talk to your doctor about what formula is right for you.
bones & joints
Calcium
Chondroitin
Chondroitin is a close “partner” of glucosamine when it comes
to improving joint health. It is a naturally occurring nutrient found
in the connective tissue of the body that helps maintain the
structure and function of joint cartilage. Chondroitin lubricates
and cushions the joints by creating a shock-absorbing space
within the cartilage tissues. Not only does this action provide
cushioning support, but it also helps protect cartilage from being
broken down by enzymes. If you suffer from moderate-to-severe
joint pain, a combined chondroitin and glucosamine supplement
may promote the health of your joints. Consult your doctor to see
if a combined chondroitin and glucosamine supplement may be
right for you.
Glucosamine
If you are conscientious about the health of your joints,
it is likely that you have already heard about glucosamine.
Glucosamine is a basic building block for maintaining joint
cartilage and the structural integrity of your joints. It also helps
8
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4/6/12 2:34 PM
bones & joints
Hyaluronic acid
Emerging research suggests that hyaluronic acid provides
lubrication and cushioning for the joints. It is a natural
component of cartilage and the synovial fluid of the joints,
and helps reduce friction between cartilage and other joint
tissue during movement.10
Magnesium
The mineral magnesium may not come to mind with regard
to bone health, but nearly 50 percent of the body’s supply of
magnesium is found in bone. Of the 300 essential metabolic
reactions in the body that depend on magnesium, the
metabolism of bone is one of them. Magnesium is directly
involved in the formation of bone and the maintenance of bone
density, which can help in the prevention of fractures. If you
think you might be at risk of low magnesium levels, talk to your
doctor about taking a magnesium supplement.1,2,3
Multivitamins
A daily multivitamin contributes to your nutritional status by
filling the vitamin and mineral gaps that may exist in your diet.
A daily multivitamin may be sufficient for some people, but for
10
others, a multivitamin may lack a needed nutrient or may not
provide enough of a nutrient. In such cases, extra supplements
may be necessary.
bones & joints
promote overall elasticity, flexibility and mobility of the joints.
Preliminary studies have found glucosamine to be superior to
placebos in promoting joint comfort and improved functionality
amongst populations. If you suffer from moderate-to-severe
joint pain, consult with your doctor about whether dietary
supplementation with glucosamine may be right for you.
Omega-3 fatty acids
The most important omega-3 fatty acids for your joints are
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
EPA and DHA have positive effects on health, including joint
health. To get your dose of EPA and DHA, aim for at least
two weekly servings of fatty fish like salmon, halibut, tuna and
sardines. If you don’t eat much fish, taking a fish oil supplement
can be of help.
SAM-e
SAM-e (short for S-adenosylmethionine) is a naturally occurring
molecule in the body that is commonly associated with brain
health and mood. While mood support is definitely a benefit,
SAM-e can also play a role in joint health. SAM-e stimulates the
synthesis of proteoglycans, which are necessary for the growth
and repair of cartilage. Healthy cartilage not only protects your
joints, but is also needed to maintain joint comfort. SAM-e is a
very delicate compound that reacts quickly in the presence of
air and moisture. Look for a SAM-e product that is packaged
in blister packs, which help promote product effectiveness by
limiting environmental exposure. Also, make sure your SAM-e
supplement is enteric-coated. An enteric-coated formula means
that the product can travel through the stomach to the small
intestine where it is best absorbed.
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4/6/12 2:34 PM
bones & joints
Nutrient
Calcium and vitamin D
Chondroitin
Glucosamine
Hyaluronic acid
Magnesium
Omega-3 fatty acids
SAM-e
Suggested use
Calcium: 1,000 mg per day for adults in at least two
divided doses
Vitamin D: 1,000-2,000 IU per day for adults
800 mg per day
1,500 mg per day
10 mg per day
250 mg per day
500 mg of EPA/DHA per day
supervision
400-1,200 mg per day
• Dose varies for each individual. Talk to your
doctor or preferred healthcare provider to
determine your individual SAM-e dose.
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cognitive
Acetyl-L-carnitine
How do I promote the health of my brain
as I age?
B vitamins
As the population grows older, most people can expect to
experience some degree of normal age-related cognitive
decline. Cognitive decline due to aging can affect multiple
aspects of cognition, including the ability to process information,
concentrate, memorize and reason. The supplements listed
have various roles in brain development and function throughout
various life stages from birth to adulthood.
B vitamins — particularly folic acid and vitamin B12 — help
maintain healthy homocysteine levels in the body. This is
important because high homocysteine levels have been
associated with reduced scores on tests designed to measure
cognitive function.3 While scientists are still studying the
relationship between B vitamins and dementia, B vitamins
are effective in helping to manage homocysteine levels.
The nutrients discussed in this section include
Choline
• Acetyl-L-carnitine
• B vitamins: folic acid and vitamin B12
• Choline
• Multivitamins
• N-acetyl-L-cysteine
• SAM-e
• Vitamin D
Although your body can manufacture choline, it is also necessary
to obtain choline through your diet in order to get the amount
your body needs to function optimally.
18
cognitive
We hear about heart health, joint health and bone health,
to name a few, but we do not often hear about brain health.
As the control center of your body, the brain is a vital organ that
manages thousands of processes and communication lines
that keep your body functioning at its best.
Acetyl-L-carnitine (known as ALCAR) is a compound that is
important in the process of energy metabolism. Carnitine’s main
role is transporting fatty acids in the cell, which is an important
step in energy production.4 Most people receive sufficient
amounts of carnitine to meet daily needs. If you think you may be
at risk of low carnitine levels, talk to your doctor about taking a
carnitine supplement.
19
4/6/12 2:34 PM
cognitive
Multivitamins
If you currently take a daily multivitamin, you may be wondering,
“Do I need additional supplements?” A daily multivitamin
contributes to your nutritional status by filling the vitamin and
mineral gaps that may exist in your diet. A daily multivitamin may
be sufficient for some people, but for others a multivitamin may
lack a needed nutrient or may not provide enough of a nutrient.
In such cases, extra supplements may be necessary.
N-acetyl-L-cysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine (known as NAC) provides the body with
an important amino acid known as cysteine. The body needs
cysteine to produce glutathione, a powerful antioxidant
compound that helps minimize the effects of free radicals.
Without enough cysteine, the body’s ability to synthesize
glutathione is weakened leading to potentially uncontrolled
free-radical damage. This damage can affect various parts
of the body, including the brain.
fatty acid found in the brain and is important for brain
development and function.
Fatty fish like salmon, anchovies, sardines and halibut are
some of the most potent sources of DHA. Most people do not
eat enough servings of these fish in their usual diet, which is
why a fish oil supplement can be beneficial. For vegetarian
consumption, flaxseed oil provides an omega-3 fatty acid
known as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which partly converts
to DHA in the body. ALA is also found in walnuts, almonds,
avocados and other plant-based foods and oils.
cognitive
Choline is necessary for the production of acetylcholine,
an important neurotransmitter involved in muscle control,
memory and many other functions. It is also a component of
cell membranes (the outer layer of the cell) and helps facilitate
effective communication between cells. Food sources rich in
choline include egg yolk, beef, brussels sprouts and broccoli.
SAM-e
SAM-e (short for S-adenosylmethionine) is a naturally occurring
molecule found in every living cell of the body, and is commonly
associated with healthy brain function and mood. Discovered
over 30 years ago, SAM-e is best known for enhancing mood
by promoting a healthy balance of brain neurotransmitters.
Levels of SAM-e tend to decline with age, so taking a
supplement that provides SAM-e can be
beneficial for overall brain health and
for individuals with mood
health concerns.
Omega-3 fatty acids
The most important omega-3 fatty acid for brain health is
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA is the major polyunsaturated
20
21
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Vitamin D
cognitive
Vitamin D is very important for healthy brain function and
development. In addition, emerging research suggests that low
vitamin D levels may be correlated with low performance on
cognitive tests.
Nutrient
Suggested use
Acetyl-L-carnitine
Supplement doses usually range from 500 -2,000 mg per day
Antioxidant vitamins:
C and E
Vitamin C: 250-1,000 mg per day
Vitamin E: 200-400 IU per day
B vitamins:
folic acid and
vitamin B12
200 - 400 mcg per day
Choline
Supplement doses usually range from 425- 3,000 mg per day
25 -1,000 mcg per day
N-acetyl-L-cysteine
Supplement doses usually range from 600-900 mg per day
Omega-3 fatty acids
EPA and DHA
500 mg of EPA/DHA per day for healthy individuals
SAM-e
200 -1,600 mg per day
• Recommended starting dose at 200 mg per day
Vitamin D
1,000 mg of EPA/DHA per day for individuals with
documented heart conditions
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by the purchaser. Use of this file confirms acceptance
or distortion is prohibited. See back of the Symbology
$
ACCOUNT
: 87272 MANDLIK RHODES INFORM
ORDERED BY : ERIC ABRAMSON
P.O. NUMBER : FNL75461
( EPS via EMAIL )
There’s never been a better time to do
something about macular health.
ICaps® Lutein and Omega-3 Vitamin Help:
• PROTECT the retina with lutein*
• PROMOTE macular health*
OnceDaily
• SUPPORT the natural defense system of the eye*
ICaps® L&O Vitamins have ingredients studied in AREDS2. It’s the only once
daily softgel with 10 mg of Lutein, 2 mg of Zeaxanthin and beneficial levels of
Omega-3s to help support macular health.*
HOUSEHOLD. Any other use constitutes
fraud. Void if copied, transferred, sold,
or where prohibited, restricted, or taxed.
Consumer pays sales tax. Retailer: Quincy
Bioscience will reimburse an authorized
retailer of our product the face value of
this coupon, plus 8¢ handling, if submitted
in compliance with our redemption policy,
available upon request. Mail to Quincy
Bioscience, 301 South Westfield Road,
Suite 200 Madison, WI 53717. Cash value
of .001¢. 2012 Quincy Bioscience, LLC.
Expires 5/1/13.
Recommend ICaps® Lutein & Omega-3 Vitamin to
your patients before another minute goes by.
Visit icapsvitamins.com to learn more.
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.
© 2012 Novartis
78338 ICP12100JAD WG.indd 1
1/12
ICP12100JAD
4/6/12 9:32
2:34 AM
PM
3/15/12
Offer good only
at Walgreens
$
5 off
digestive
Offer good only
at Walgreens
$
5 off
I-Caps® Lutein &
Omega-3, 30 ct. Softgels
I-Caps® AREDS®
Coupon void if altered, copied, sold,
purchased, transferred, exchanged or where
prohibited or restricted by law. CONSUMER:
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purchased. This coupon good only on product
sizes and varieties indicated. RETAILER:
ALCON LABORATORIES, INC. will reimburse
you face value plus 8¢, if submitted in
compliance with ALCON LABORATORIES, INC.
Coupon Redemption Policy dated 12/15/11,
available upon request. Consumer must pay
sales tax. Good only in USA. Send coupons
to ALCON CONSUMER DIVISION, CMS
DEPARTMENT #00067, #1 FAWCETT DRIVE,
DEL RIO, TEXAS 78840. Cash value 1/20
cent. Expires 5/1/13.
Offer good only
at Walgreens
Offer good only
at Walgreens
120 ct. Softgels and Tablets
What nutrients can I take to promote strong
digestive health?
Healthy digestion is key when it comes to keeping your body well.
When you eat, the process of digestion facilitates the absorption
and transportation of the important nutrients in food and makes
those nutrients available for the body to use for essential functions
like energy production and bone development. In addition, proper
digestive health is involved in preventing toxins and harmful waste
products from building up in the body. Thus, it is critical that you
do your best to maintain a well-functioning digestive system by
eating well, staying hydrated and engaging in regular physical
activity. In addition, certain nutritional supplements can also help
promote good intestinal health and digestion.
Read on to learn how the following nutrients may help to support
the health of your digestive system and your overall health:
$
5 off
I-Caps® Multivitamin
100 ct. Tablets
$
5 off
I-Caps® Lutein or
• Multivitamin
• Prebiotics
• Probiotics
• Vitamin D
Zeaxanthin 120 ct. Tablets
27
4/6/12 2:34 PM
Individuals with existing digestive concerns such as
inflammatory bowel conditions, lactose intolerance and
gluten sensitivity may be at risk of having low levels of certain
nutrients. They may have issues with absorption, which can
compromise their nutritional status, or they may limit their
intake of certain foods, consequently limiting their intake of
key nutrients. For example, people who cannot tolerate dairy
products usually need to find alternative sources of calcium
since milk is a primary source of this important bone-building
mineral. Although additional measures may need to be taken,
a complete multivitamin can be a great way to promote
optimal nutrient status in the face of digestive complications.
Talk to your healthcare professional about a formula that is
most appropriate for you. Although additional measures may
need to be taken, a complete multivitamin can be a great way
to promote optimal nutrient status in the face of digestive
complications. Talk to your healthcare professional about a
formula that is most appropriate for you.
Prebiotics
Prebiotics are nondigestible and nonabsorbable foods
that promote the growth and/or activity of the beneficial
probiotic bacteria in the intestinal tract. As a result, prebiotic
ingredients also contribute to the health of the intestinal
system by way of keeping probiotic organisms alive and well.
Inulin and oligofructose — soluble fibers naturally found in
a variety of fruits and vegetables, such as bananas, yams,
chicory root, garlic and leeks — have been classified as
prebiotic ingredients based on their ability to resist digestion
28
and absorption in the digestive tract and promote the growth
of friendly bacteria. Individuals who may limit their intake of
soluble fibers can choose a supplement that contains prebiotic
ingredients.1,2
Probiotics
Probiotics are live microorganisms — primarily bacteria — that
offer a health benefit to the human body. They are often referred
to as “good” or “friendly” bacteria based on their beneficial
activity in the intestinal tract.
digestive
digestive
Multivitamins
Under normal conditions, the human digestive tract is home to
a variety of bacteria — some “friendly” and some “unfriendly.”
The lactic-acid producing bacteria, including the Lactobacillus
and Bifidobacterium species, have been found to benefit the
intestinal environment and support healthy digestion and
nutrient absorption. Unfortunately, the presence and activity of
“unfriendly” bacteria can sometimes wreck havoc on intestinal
balance and lead to diarrhea and other digestive disturbances.
To maintain healthy digestion, consumption of probiotic
ingredients may help.
When it comes to dietary sources, yogurt and fermented foods
like miso and tempeh are recommended because they contain
naturally occurring live bacteria. If these items aren’t a part of
your regular diet, dietary supplements containing live probiotic
ingredients are an equally great way to restore and maintain a
healthy intestinal environment and promote optimal digestive
health and nutrition.1,2
29
4/6/12 2:34 PM
heart
digestive
Vitamin D
The rise of vitamin D inadequacy among Americans has
prompted researchers to explore additional areas of health that
may be affected by vitamin D insufficiency. The area of intestinal
health, specifically colon health, is one that has received much
attention. In fact, published studies have found an inverse
relationship between blood levels of vitamin D and the risk
of colon-related health concerns. As a result, the healthcare
professional community encourages patients to have their
vitamin D levels tested and to ensure adequate vitamin D status
through fortified foods, nutritional supplements and safe sun
exposure. A daily vitamin D supplement can be a great way to
promote optimal intestinal health.3,4
Nutrient
Suggested use
Multivitamin
Up to 2,500 mg per day
Prebiotic
Follow the label instructions and talk to your doctor about
incorporating prebiotic ingredients into your diet,
particularly when following a probiotic regimen.
Probiotic
Follow the label instructions and talk to your doctor about
the probiotic that is right for you.
Vitamin D
How do I take care of my heart?
The heart is needed to deliver oxygen to the muscles and
transport essential nutrients to your cells. If the heart is damaged,
its ability to carry out these roles and responsibilities may decline.
Engaging in regular physical exercise and eating a nutritious
diet are factors you can control when promoting a healthy heart.
Following an ideal diet can be a challenge at times, so you may
want to consider starting an appropriate supplement program.
Dietary supplements can be a great way to support your
nutritional needs by filling the nutrient gaps that may exist.
The nutrients discussed in this booklet include
• Coenzyme Q10
• Multivitamins
• Plant sterols and stanols
30
31
4/6/12 2:34 PM
Coenzyme Q10
CoQ10 is an antioxidant and is required for proper function of
many organs and chemical reactions in the body, including the
heart. Free radicals are compounds that can harm your cells
and negatively impact the way those cells function in the body.
Therefore, it is important to include antioxidant nutrients in your
diet, such as CoQ10. While CoQ10 is rare, statin drugs used to
lower cholesterol can adversely affect blood CoQ10 levels. If you
think you may be at risk of low CoQ10 levels, talk to your doctor
about taking a CoQ10 supplement. To promote heart health or
restore normal levels for those on statin drugs, a daily CoQ10
supplement can be useful.
A daily multivitamin contributes to your nutritional status by filling
the vitamin and mineral gaps that may exist in your diet. A daily
multivitamin may be sufficient for some people, but for others
a multivitamin may lack a needed nutrient or may not provide
enough of a nutrient. In such cases, extra supplements may be
necessary.
Plant sterols and plant stanols
These compounds have been clinically shown to naturally
lower cholesterol levels by preventing the absorption of
cholesterol found in your diet.2,3 The National Cholesterol
Education Program (NCEP) of the National Institutes of Health
recommends 2,000 mg per day of these plant compounds
from fortified foods or supplements.
heart
heart
Multivitamins
foods you eat, then a daily fish oil supplement can be a great
source as well. For vegetarians, flaxseed oil provides an
omega-3 fatty acid known as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which
partially converts to EPA and DHA in the body. ALA is also
found in walnuts, almonds, avocados and other plant-based
foods and oils. Supportive but not conclusive research shows
that consumption of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids may
reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.
Omega-3 fatty acids
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
are two omega-3 fatty acids that have been extensively studied
for their beneficial role in cardiovascular health. The American
Heart Association suggests 500 mg of EPA and DHA per day for
healthy adults and 1,000 mg per day for adults with documented
heart health concerns.1 Fatty fish like salmon, anchovies,
sardines and halibut are some of the strongest sources of EPA
and DHA. If you cannot get enough EPA and DHA through the
32
33
4/6/12 2:34 PM
Given that plant sterols and stanols compete with dietary
cholesterol for absorption in the gut, it is recommended to take
a sterol and stanol supplement 15 to 30 minutes before a meal.
For the greatest effect, it is advised to take sterol and stanol
supplements before meals that contain cholesterol-containing
foods like meat, poultry, cheese and eggs.
Nutrient
Suggested use
Antioxidant
vitamins C and E
Vitamin C: 250- 1,000 mg per day10
Vitamin E: 200-400 IU per day11
Coenzyme Q10
100 -200 mg per day for adults 8,9
heart
• Higher amounts may be taken under a
doctor’s supervision
Omega-3 fatty acids
EPA and DHA
or
Omega-3 fatty acid
ALA
500 mg of EPA/DHA per day for healthy individuals
1,000 mg of EPA/DHA per day for individuals with
documented heart conditions*
Plant sterols
and stanols
The National Cholesterol Education Program of the
National Institutes of Health (NIH) recommends
2,000 mg per day of plant sterols and stanols as part of
a heart-healthy diet
Vitamin D
500-1,500 mg per day of ALA as directed by your
healthcare provider
400 IU per day for infants, children and adolescents as
recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics7
*High levels of EPA/DHA must be monitored closely and taken under a doctor’s supervision.
34
4/6/12 2:34 PM
2 off
$
Any BluScience™
Chromadex products
This coupon good only on the purchase
of BluScience™ products. Any other use
constitutes fraud. Coupon not transferable.
Limit one coupon per purchase. Coupon
cannot be combined with other coupons
or offers. Customer must pay sales tax.
RETAILER: ChromaDex, Inc. will reimburse
you the face value of this coupon, plus 8¢
if submitted in compliance with the terms
of this offer. Valid only if redeemed by
distributors of our merchandise or anyone
specifically authorized by ChromaDex, Inc.
Cash value 1/20¢. Mail to: ChromaDex, Inc.,
10005 Muirlands Blvd., Suite G, Irvine, CA
92618-2538. Expires 5/1/13.
2 off
$
Any Nature Made®
product
PURCHASE. Any other use constitutes fraud.
Void if copied, transferred, sold, or where
prohibited, restricted or taxed. Consumer
pays sales tax. Retailer: Pharmavite LLC
will reimburse an authorized retailer of our
product the face value of this coupon plus 8¢
handling if submitted in compliance with our
Mail to CMS Dep’t #31604, Pharmavite 1
Fawcett Drive, Del Rio, TX 78840. Cash value
.001¢. © 2012 Pharmavite. Expires 5/1/13.
5 off
$
Coromega®
Omega 3
Squeeze 30 pack
CONSUMER: Limit one coupon per
purchase as specified on the face of this
coupon. No other coupon may be used in
conjunction with this coupon. RETAILER:
We will reimburse you the face value of
this coupon plus 8¢ handling, provided it
is redeemed by a consumer at the time of
purchase on the brand specified. Coupons
not properly redeemed will be void and held.
prohibited. (Any other use constitutes fraud.)
Invoices proving purchase of sufficient stock
within the past 90 days to cover coupons
presented for redemption must be shown
upon request. Mail to: CMS Dept. 89269, The
Coromega Company, 1 Fawcett Drive, Del
Rio, TX 78840. Cash value 1/100. Void where
taxed or restricted. LIMIT ONE COUPON PER
ITEM PURCHASED. For CMS inquires please
call 800-285-7602. Expires 5/1/13.
never too
“ It’s
early to take steps
to support your
heart health.
Nature Made is a
great way to start.
®
John Probst, RPh
”
Pharmacist/Manhattan Beach, CA
Offer good only
at Walgreens
2 off
$
Feosol® Original
or Natural Release
Iron Supplement
CONSUMER: Void if sold, copied, transferred,
specified product(s) and size(s). You pay
any sales tax. RETAILER: We will reimburse
you for the face value of the coupon plus 8
cents if submitted in compliance with our
Cash value 1/20 cents. Mail to Meda
Consumer Healthcare Inc., PO Box 880414,
El Paso, TX 88588-0414. Limit one coupon
per purchase. Meda Consumer Healthcare
Inc. ©2012. Expires 5/1/2013.
Visit NatureMade.com to hear more from real
pharmacists and for additional money saving coupons.
† This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.
4/6/12 2:34 PM
immune
Echinacea
What supplements can help my immune
system function best?
The immune system mission is simple: recognize free radicals
and eliminate them. When you have a healthy immune system,
your body is doing a good job of fighting off invaders and
keeping your body’s health strong.
Vitamin C has been shown to have a positive effect on the
body’s immune cells. Here are other important nutrients that
can support a healthy immune system:1
• Echinacea
• Multivitamins
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin E
• Zinc
Echinacea is one of the most popular herbs in the United States,
taken by many people when they are not feeling their best.
Echinacea is thought to benefit immune health, particularly
when unwanted symptoms are present or when you feel at
risk of becoming sick.2 Even though echinacea is recognized
as a safe herbal supplement when taken as directed, it is still
recommended that you check with your doctor about your
supplement use. This is especially important if you are taking
medications, are pregnant or breastfeeding or have a diagnosed
auto-immune condition.
Multivitamins
Vitamin C
immune
A daily multivitamin contributes to your nutritional status by
filling the vitamin and mineral gaps that may exist in your diet.
A daily multivitamin may be sufficient for some people, but for
others a multivitamin may lack a needed nutrient or may not
provide enough of a nutrient. In such cases, extra supplements
may be necessary.
Vitamin C has been found to protect the integrity of cells and
stimulate the production and function of white blood cells.1
As a powerful antioxidant, vitamin C helps fight against free
radicals in the body. Free radicals are compounds that can
harm your healthy cells — including your immune fighting cells
— and negatively impact the way those cells function in the
body. Vitamin C is abundant in many fruits and vegetables
and can also be obtained in supplement form.
38
39
4/6/12 2:34 PM
Offer good only
at Walgreens
Vitamin E
Many studies show that vitamin E plays an important role in
the maintenance of a healthy immune system. Vitamin E also
protects against free-radical damage. Environmental pollution,
the sun’s ultraviolet rays, cigarette smoke and certain health
conditions are all capable of triggering free-radical damage in
our bodies.
Zinc
immune
Zinc is needed for your body to carry out its normal immune
response when invaders attack. Zinc is involved in additional
aspects of your health, including growth and development,
nervous system function, antioxidant activity and reproduction.
Nutrient
Suggested use
Echinacea
350 mg aerial parts, four times per day
Vitamin C
500-1,000 mg per day
Vitamin D
1,000-2,000 IU per day for adults
400 IU per day for infants, children and adolescents as
recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics 2
Vitamin E
200-400 IU per day
Zinc
8-30 mg per day
40
$
1off
Any 30 ct. box
of Emergen-C®
vitamin drink mixes
RETAILER: We will reimburse you the face
value of this coupon plus 8¢ handling,
provided it is redeemed by a consumer at
the time of purchase on the brand specified.
Coupons not properly redeemed will be
void and held. Reproduction of this coupon
is expressly prohibited (ANY OTHER USE
CONSTITUTES FRAUD.) MAIL TO: Alacer
Corp., CMS Dept #76314, One Fawcett Drive,
Del Rio, TX 78840. Cash Value .001¢. Void
where prohibited, taxed or restricted by law.
LIMIT ONE COUPON PER ITEM PURCHASED.
© 2012 Alacer Corp. All Rights Reserved.
Expires 5/1/13.
4 off
$
SLO-NIACIN®
Dietary Supplement
100 ct. Tablets, 500 mg.
RETAILERS: We will reimburse you the face
value of this coupon plus 8¢ handling provided
you and the consumer have complied with the
terms of this offer. Invoices proving purchases
of sufficient stock to cover presented coupons
must be shown on request. Any other
application may constitute fraud. Coupon
void where prohibited, taxed, or restricted.
Consumer must pay any sales tax. Cash
value .001¢. Reproduction of this coupon is
expressly prohibited. Mail to: Upsher-Smith
Laboratories, Inc. #00245, One Fawcett Drive,
Del Rio, TX 78840. This coupon is immediately
redeemable for $4.00 off the retail price
of Slo-Niacin® Tablets (500 mg). Only one
coupon per each purchase made by 5/1/13.
Applies only in U.S.A. Void where prohibited by
law. Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc., reserves
the right to rescind, revoke, or amend this
offer without notice. Expires 5/1/13.
1off
$
vitafusion®
B Complex
Gummy Vitamins 150 ct.
Retailer: Northwest Natural Products
coupon plus 8 cents handling for coupons
redeemed in accordance with this offer.
Invoices proving purchase of sufficient
stock to support coupon submissions must
be provided upon request. Consumers are
limited to one coupon per purchase and
are responsible for all taxes. Cash value is
.0001 cents. Send all coupons to: NUNO/
Universal, P.O. Box 222510, Hollywood, FL
33022-2510. Expires 5/1/13.
Offer good only
at Walgreens
1off
$
Applied Nutrition®
Supplements
Consumer: Redeemable at retail locations
only. Not valid for online or mail-order
purchases. Retailer: Irwin Naturals will
reimburse you for the face value plus 8
(cents) handling provided it is redeemed
by a consumer at the time of purchase on
the brand specified. Coupons not properly
redeemed will be void and held. Reproduction
by any party by any means is expressly
prohibited. Any other use constitutes fraud.
Irwin Naturals reserves the right to deny
reimbursement (due to misredemption
activity) and/or request proof of purchase
for coupon(s) submitted. Mail to: CMS Dept.
10363, Irwin Naturals, 1Fawcett Drive, Del
Rio, TX 78840. Cash value: .001 (cents). Void
where taxed or restricted. ONE COUPON PER
PURCHASE. Not valid for mail order/websites.
Retail only. Expires 5/1/13.
4/6/12 2:34 PM
prenatal health
What steps should I take to help ensure a
healthy pregnancy?
If you are pregnant or are hoping to conceive, it is important to
receive the best prenatal care by seeing your OB/GYN regularly
and taking steps to ensure the health of you and your baby.
A healthful, balanced diet that includes plenty of whole fruits and
vegetables, whole grain products, lean protein and healthy fats
will help ensure good health for you and your baby throughout
pregnancy. The dietary choices you make during this time will
have a powerful effect on giving your baby a strong start in life.
Read on to learn more about how vitamins and minerals help
support your health during pregnancy:
• Prenatal multivitamins
• Calcium
• Folic acid
• Iron
• Supplemental algae
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin D
• White fatty fish
43
4/6/12 2:34 PM
Prenatal multivitamins
Iron
These nutrients are critical during pregnancy, and support
your needs and those of your growing baby. Pregnancy places
a higher demand on the body, and increases the amount of
nutrients required. Adequate amounts of essential vitamins and
minerals and other key nutrients during pregnancy are vital to
the development of your baby, and for your health too!
During pregnancy, a woman’s iron needs increase. In fact, they are
nearly twice those of a nonpregnant woman. To ensure adequate
iron status, it is important to consume iron-rich foods such as
lean meat, poultry, dried fruits and iron-fortified cereals. Prenatal
formulas and iron supplements can also help fulfill the high demand
for iron during pregnancy and the post partum period.
To help avoid some common side effects from a prenatal
multivitamin such as queasiness or stomach upset, take your
prenatal supplement with a substantial meal or snack. Some women
may benefit from chewing gum or sucking on a hard candy after
taking their prenatal, while others may have better luck with taking
it at night with an evening snack.
Calcium
Calcium’s primary responsibility during pregnancy is to maintain
strong maternal bone health and promote healthy fetal bone
development. Calcium also helps your circulatory, muscular and
nervous systems to run normally.1
Folic acid plays a critical role in the formation and development
of a baby’s brain and spine — an important process that occurs
during the initial three to four weeks of pregnancy. If you have
a diagnosed malabsorption concern or any condition that may
limit your dietary intake of folic acid, you may benefit from a
folic acid supplement. Be sure to talk to your doctor about safe
supplement use.
44
The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is
especially important because it promotes the healthy growth
and development of your baby’s brain, eyes and nervous system.2
Mothers of breast-fed infants should be aware that breast milk is
not naturally high in DHA. If you choose to breastfeed your child,
ensure you have adequate DHA in your
diet or through supplementation.
Supplemental algae
Supplemental algae oil is a fish-free way to get DHA. Also, alpha
linolenic acid (ALA) found in flaxseed oil, canola oil and walnuts
is an omega-3 fatty acid that is partially converted to DHA in
the body.
Vitamin C
prenatal
prenatal
Folic acid
Omega-3 fatty acids
Vitamin C promotes the absorption of non heme iron, a form
of iron found in plants and fortified foods. Taking a vitamin C
supplement with your iron supplement or eating citrus fruits with
your iron-fortified cereals can promote optimal absorption of
non heme iron. This is particularly applicable for women who
are vegetarian, or vegan.
45
4/6/12 2:34 PM
Vitamin D
For pregnant women, maintaining sufficient vitamin D status
is critical for proper fetal development, especially brain and
immune system development. Vitamin D also is important for
keeping your bones and your baby’s bones healthy and strong.
Furthermore, research suggests adequate maternal intake
of vitamin D during pregnancy has been associated with a
decreased risk of childhood wheezing and eczema.4,5 To find
out your current vitamin D levels, talk to your healthcare provider
about the 25-hydroxy vitamin D test. Most prenatal vitamins
don’t contain optimal amounts of vitamin D. In addition to your
prenatal vitamin, drink vitamin D-fortified low-fat milk and other
calcium-rich foods containing vitamin D. If you don’t drink or
eat calcium-rich foods, talk to you healthcare provider about
calcium and vitamin D supplements.
While fatty fish are the best dietary sources of omega-3 fatty
acids, women of child-bearing age and pregnant women are
advised to avoid certain fish that may have a high content of
methylmercury, a compound that can affect the development
of the baby’s nervous system.3 Fish to avoid include shark,
swordfish, king mackerel and tilefish. Cooked fish, such as
salmon, have a stronger safety profile for pregnant women;
in general, up to 12 ounces per week of cooked fish may be
consumed. Fish oil supplements are also available to help meet
the recommendations for DHA. Your primary healthcare provider
can help you choose a safe omega-3 supplement during
pregnancy and lactation.
46
Suggested use for prenatal health
Prenatal multivitamins
1 per day or as directed by your healthcare provider
Calcium
1,000 mg per day in two divided doses
Folic acid
600 mcg per day during pregnancy
500 mcg per day during lactation
Iron
27 mg per day or as directed by your healthcare provider
Omega-3 fatty acids
(DHA)
DHA: at least 200 mg per day or as directed by your
healthcare provider. Some experts recommend
300-600 mg per day
Vitamin D
1,000-2,000 IU per day or as directed by your healthcare provider
Nutrient
Suggested use for children’s health
Children’s multivitamins
1 per day or take as directed by pediatrician
Calcium
Children
1 to 3 years: 500 mg per day /4 to 8 years: 800 mg per day
Adolescent male
9 to 13 years: 1,300 mg per day / 14 to 18 years: 1,300 mg per day
Adolescent female
Choline
Children
9 to 13 years: 375 mg per day
Adolescent male
1 4 to 1 8 years: 550 mg per day
Adolescent female
Fluoride
As directed by a pediatrician or dentist
Iron
Children
Adolescent male
9 to 13 years: 8 mg per day / 1 4 to 1 8 years: 11 mg per day
Adolescent female
4/6/12
prenatal
prenatal
White fatty fish
Nutrient
47
2:34 PM
1off
$
Similac® Prenatal
Vitamins Dietary
Supplement product
LIMIT 1 COUPON PER PRODUCT SPECIFIED.
Cannot be combined with other offers. Void if
altered, reproduced, copied, sold, transferred,
taxed, restricted or prohibited by law. Good
only in USA and territories. Cash value
1/100¢. Customer pays sales tax. Retailer/
Clearinghouse: By submitting, you agree to
Abbott’s Coupon Redemption Policy. Abbott
will reimburse you face value of coupon (or
actual retail price of item if less) plus 8¢
handling. Send to CMS Dept 70074, ABBOTT
NUTRITION, 1 Fawcett Dr., Del Rio, TX 78840.
Pharmacists/Retailers: Coupon not valid for
product reimbursed, in whole or part, under
Medicare, Medicaid or similar federal or state
government programs. Expires 5/1/13.
1off
$
SpongeBob® SquarePants
Gummies Multivitamin 240 ct.
Consumer: Limited one coupon per customer per offer. Expires
5/1/2013. Manufacturer coupon good only at Walgreens. Consumer
pays any sales tax. Retailer: International Vitamin Corporation will
reimburse you for face value of this coupon plus 8 ¢ handling.
Coupons not properly redeemed will be void and held.
prohibited. Cash value 1/100 of 1 cent.
Mail to: Sponge Bob Gummi $1 Coupon,
PO Box 5098, Clinton, IA 52736-5098.
SpongeBob SquarePants ©2011 Viacom
International Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Nickelodeon, SpongeBob SquarePants and
all related titles, logos and characters are
trademarks of Viacom International Inc.
SpongeBob SquarePants created by
Stephen Hillenburg. www.nick.com.
Expires 5/1/2013.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not
intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
WARNING: Accidental overdosage of iron-containing products is a leading cause of fatal poisoning in children
under 6. Keep this product out of reach of children. In case of accidental overdose, call a doctor or poison
control center immediately.
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children’s health
How do vitamins support my child’s health?
As your child grows, vitamins and minerals play a big part in
building and maintaining health. They help with many important
things, including bone and brain development, energy production
and muscle function as well as preventing tooth decay. However,
knowing which vitamins you should give your child can be a
challenge. So, if you are unsure about your child’s nutritional
and vitamin needs, talk with your pediatrician. Remember to
keep vitamins out of the reach of children.
The vitamins and minerals discussed in this section include
• Children’s multivitamins
• Calcium • Choline • Fluoride
• Iron
• Vitamin D
50
Calcium
Calcium is another important component of a child’s diet,
and is necessary for building and maintaining healthy bones
and teeth. Children who drink milk and eat dairy products, such
as yogurt, ice cream and cheese, usually get enough calcium
from their diet. However, some kids just don’t like milk or can’t
tolerate milk due to a milk allergy. In these cases, providing a
children’s multivitamin, calcium-fortified foods and juices or
increasing your child’s intake of dark leafy greens can help
meet their needs appropriately.
Choline
Choline plays an important role during the early years of child
development. It is used in the synthesis of key components
necessary for healthy cell membranes called phospholipids.
Choline is also involved in the formation of neurotransmitters,
which are important for proper brain and muscle function.7
Choline is found in foods, such as milk, eggs, liver, shrimp
children’s
Vegetarians may have
inadequate levels of this
vital nutrient. If your child
may be at risk of low dietary
choline, you might want to
consider supplementation.
Some children’s multivitamin
formulas provide choline,
so you can support your
child’s diet and ensure
adequate levels of this
brain-boosting nutrient.
Much like a formula for adults, a daily children’s multivitamin
can help fill the gaps that may exist in a child’s diet. Purchase,
prepare and provide healthful foods, and show your child that
you eat and enjoy them, too. Encourage fruits, vegetables,
dairy, whole grains and lean meats when you talk about
“everyday” foods, and sweets and sugars when you discuss
foods in moderation. The key nutrients below are important
elements of your child’s diet. If meeting your child’s nutritional
needs is hard to do through foods alone, a children’s
multivitamin may help.
51
4/6/12 2:34 PM
(DHA)
and peanuts. Children who do not consume milk or eggs,
who have a peanut or shellfish allergy, or who are vegetarian,
may have inadequate levels of this vital nutrient.
Fluoride
Most children get enough fluoride to build healthy teeth
and prevent tooth decay if they are drinking fluoridated water.
Supplemental fluoride is not necessary for all children, especially
since too much fluoride can cause staining of the teeth. Consult
your child’s pediatrician or dentist before giving your child a
fluoride supplement.
Vitamin D
1,000-2,000 IU per day or as directed by your healthcare provider
Nutrient
Suggested use for children’s health
1 per day or take as directed by pediatrician
Calcium
Children
Adolescent male
Adolescent female
Choline
Children
9 to 13 years: 375 mg per day
Adolescent male
Adolescent female
Fluoride
As directed by a pediatrician or dentist
Iron
Children
Adolescent male
Adolescent female
Iron
Iron is an essential nutrient involved in numerous bodily
functions, including normal growth and development, energy
production and the transportation of oxygen to the body’s
tissues. Those most at risk for iron deficiency anemia are infants
who are not given extra iron after six months of age (usually in
the form of iron-fortified infant cereal) and adolescent girls once
they begin menstruation.
In 2008, the American Academy of Pediatrics increased the
recommended intake of vitamin D for all infants, children and
adolescents to 400 I.U. per day. In its report, the AAP discussed
the rising rate of vitamin D deficiency among infants, children
and adolescents, and the potential risks of low vitamin D status,
including Rickets (softening of the bones), and negative effects
on heart and immune health.6
52
children’s
children’s
Vitamin D
300-600 mg per day
53
4/6/12 2:34 PM
Pediatricians’
#1 Recommended Brand
**
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Multivitamin
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flintstonesvitamins.com
THE FLINTSTONES:
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**For Children's Chewable Vitamins
†With 50% DV more than previous formula
*This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.
6 character
shapes &
natural flavors
Tropical Punch ● Watermelon
Mixed Berry ● Grape ● Cherry ● Orange
©2012 Viacom International Inc. All Rights Reserved. Nickelodeon, SpongeBob
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International Inc. Created by Stephen Hillenburg. www.Nick.com
*This statement has not been evaluated by the Food & Drug Administration.
4/6/12 2:35 PM
menopause
How can supplements help ease symptoms
of menopause?
In menopause, a woman’s period stops permanently.
This happens when the ovaries stop making estrogen and
progesterone. The natural transition to menopause can take
many years. But symptoms can appear as soon as the change
begins. Common symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats,
trouble sleeping and vaginal dryness. Other symptoms include
memory problems, physical complaints and mood changes.
The changes of menopause also increase the risk for
osteoporosis, heart disease and stroke.
Although research as not yet seen conclusive results, some
women use vitamins, minerals and supplements to help
manage their symptoms. Studies of certain supplements
for menopause have had varying results. If you want to take
dietary supplements for menopause, talk with your doctor first.
Together you can discuss the possible benefits and side effects
of supplements and decide which ones might be right for you.
Several vitamins, minerals and supplements might be helpful
for women during menopause. These include
56
Hormonal changes in menopause may increase the body’s
levels of an amino acid called homocysteine. This can increase
the risk for heart disease and stroke. Folic acid and vitamins B6
and B12 may help lower homocysteine levels.2,3
Calcium and vitamin D
Calcium and vitamin D are important for bone health.
This is especially important in menopause, when the risk for
osteoporosis rises. Most women should have 1,200 mg of
calcium a day from food and supplements. Most women should
also have 800 IU to 1,000 IU of vitamin D per day. Diet and
sunlight provide some vitamin D. However, a supplement may
be needed in menopause. Ask your doctor how much calcium
and vitamin D you should take, especially if you have a history
of kidney stones.1
57
menopause
menopause
• B Vitamins: B6, B12 and folic acid
• Calcium and vitamin D
• Soy
• Vitamin E
B vitamins: B6, B12 and folic acid
4/6/12 2:35 PM
The
COMPLETE
BENEFITS
Soy
Soy contains estrogen-like compounds called isoflavones.
Soy proteins might also lower the risk for osteoporosis and heart
disease. Some women should be cautious when taking soy,
including those with a history of estrogen-receptive cancer or
those taking medications that increase estrogen levels.4,5,10
of
Centrum
®
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is an antioxidant. It is thought to relieve inflammation
and support immune systems. It is found in many foods. It is also
available as a supplement.7,8
Supplement
Suggested use
B Vitamins:
B6 and B12
Vitamin B6: Age 19 to 50, 1.3 mg per day
Age 51+, 1.5 mg per day a,10
Vitamin B12: 2.4 mcg a,11
Folic acid
Because folic acid (folate) from natural foods is absorbed
by the body differently than folic acid in supplements,
talk to your doctor about the best amount for you.
Calcium and
vitamin D
Calcium: 1,200 mg per day from food and supplements1
Soy
25 grams per day of soy protein to reduce the risk of
heart disease 7
Vitamin E
22.4 IU a,9
Vitamin D: 800 IU per day to 1,000 IU per day to prevent
osteoporosis1
a These are the recommended dietary allowances for general health. Ask your doctor if you
need a different amount during menopause.
Specially Formulated
menopause
for Women & Men
100 -200 mg. per day for adultsa,9
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References:
Beauty
1 Greul AK, Grundmann JU, Heinrich F, Pfitzner I, Bernhardt J, Ambach A,
Biesalski HK, Gollnick H. (2002). Photoprotection of UV irradiated human skin:
an antioxidative combination of vitamins E and C, carotenoids, selenium and
proanthocyanidins. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol.,15, 307-15.
2 Zhao JF, Zhang YJ, Jin XH, Athar M, Santella RM, Bickers DR, & Wang ZY. (1999).
Green Tea Protects Against Psoralen Plus Ultraviolet A-Induced Photochemical
Damage to Skin. J Invest Dermatology¸113, 1070-1075.
3 Elmets CA, Singh, D, Tubesing K, Matsui M, Katiyar S, Muktar H. (2001).
Cutaneous photoprotection from ultraviolet injury by green tea polyphenols. J
Amer Acad Dermatol., 44, 425-432.
4 Placzek M, Gaube S, Kerkmann U, Gilbertz K, Herzinger T, Haen E, & Przybilla B.
(2005). Ultraviolet B-Induced DNA Damage in Human Epidermis Is Modified by the
Antioxidants Ascorbic Acid and d-alpha Tocopherol. Journal of Invest Dermatology,
124, 304-307.
5 Cosgrove MC, Franco OH, Granger SP, Murray PG, & Mayes AE. (2007). Dietary
nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American
women. Amer J Clin Nutrition, 86, 1225-1231.
6 Matsuoka LY, Ide L, Worstman J, MacLaughlin JA, & Holick MF. (1987).
Sunscreens Suppress Cutaneous Vitamin D3 Synthesis. Jour of Clinical
Endocrinology and Metabolism, 64, 1165-1168.
7 Jones W, Li X, Qu ZC, Perriot L, Whitesell RR, & May JM. (2002). Uptake, recycling
and antioxidant actions of alpha-lipoic acid in endothelial cells. Free Radical
Biology Medicine, 33, 83-93.
8 May JM, Qu ZC, & Mendiratta S. (1998). Protection and recycling of
alpha-tocopherol in human erythrocytes by intracellular ascorbic acid. Arch
Biochemical Biophys, 349, 281-289.
9 “The Water Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C” in Whitey E, & Rolfes SR.
(Eds.), Understanding Nutrition (322-368), Belmont: Thomas Wadsworth.
Bone & joints
1 Song Y, et al. Dietary magnesium intake and risk of cardiovascular disease among
women. Am J Cardiol 2005;96:1135-1141.
2 Dickinson HO, et al. Lifestyle interventions to reduce raised blood pressure: a
systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens 2006;24:215-233.
3 Rodriguez-Moran M, Guerrero-Romero F. Oral magnesium
supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2
diabetic subjects: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Diabetes Care
2003;26:1147-1152.
4 Rozendaal RM, et al. Effect of glucosamine sulphate on joint space narrowing, pain
and function in patients with hip osteoarthritis; subgroup analyses of a randomized
controlled trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009;17:427-32. Epub 2008 Oct 9.
5 Herrero-Beaumont G, Ivorra JA et al. Glucosamine sulfate in the treatment of knee
osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
using acetaminophen as a side comparator Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:555-567.
6 Svetlova MS, Ignat’ev VK. Experience with glucosamine hydrochloride in the
treatment of patients with osteoarthritis [Russian]. Ter Arkh 2005;77:64-67.
7 Schmid B, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a standardized willow bark extract in
patients with osteoarthritis: randomized placebo-controlled, double blind clinical
trial. Phytother Res 2001;15:344-350.
8 Chrubasik S, Einsenburg E, et al. Treatment of low back pain exacerbation with
willow bark extract: a randomized double-blind study. Am J Med 2000;109:9-14.
9 Chrubasik S, Kunzel O, et al. Potential economic impact of using a proprietary
willow bark extract in outpatient treatment of low back pain: an open
non-randomized study. Phytomedicine 2001;8:241-251.
10 Kalman DS, et al. Effect of a natural extract of chicken combs with a high content
of hyaluronic acid (Hyal-Joint®) on pain relief and quality of life in subjects with
knee osteoarthritis: a pilot randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
Nutr J 2008;7:3-12
Cognitive
1 Morris MC, Evans DA, Tangney CC, Bienias JL, Wilson RS. (2005) Fish
consumption and cognitive decline with age in a large community study.Archives
of Neurology, 62(12).
2 Buell JS, Scott TM, Dawson-Hughes B. Vitamin D is associated with cognitive
function in elders receiving home health services. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.
2009 Aug;64(8):888-95.
3 Jyme H. Schafer, MD, MPH; Thomas A. Glass, PhD. Homocysteine and
Cognitive Function in a Population-based Study of Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc.
2005;53(3):381-388.
4 Cipolli C, & Chiari G. (1990) Effects of L-acetylcarnitine on mental deterioration in
the aged: initial results. Clin Teri, 132, 479-510.
Digestive health
1 D
ouglas LC, & Sanders ME. (2008). Probiotics and Prebiotics in Dietetics Practice.
J Am Diet Assoc, 108, 510-521.
2C
ollins MD, & Gibson GR. (1999). Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics: approaches for
modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. Amer J of Clin Nutr, 69, 1052s-1057s.
3G
arland CF, Garland FC, Gorham ED, Lipkin M, Newmark H, Mohr SB, & Holick MF. (2006).
The Role of Vitamin D in Cancer Prevention. Amer Journal of Public Health, 96, 252-261.
4 L appe JM, Travers-Gustafson D, Davies KM, Recker RR, & Heaney RP. (2007). Vitamin
D and calcium supplementation reduces cancer risk: result of a randomized trial. Amer
Journal of Clin Nutr, 85, 1586-1591.
Heart health
1H
arris WS, Kris-Etherton PM, Harris KA. Intakes of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid
associated with reduced risk for death from coronary heart disease in healthy adults.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2008;10(6):503-509
2 B erger A, Jones PJ, Abumweis SS. Plant sterols: factors affecting their efficacy and
safety as functional food ingredients. Lipids Health Dis. 2004;3(1):5.
3 K atan MB, Grundy SM, Jones P, Law M, Miettinen T, Paoletti R. Efficacy and safety ofplant
stanols and sterols in the in management of blood cholesterol levels. Mayo Clin Proc.
2003;78(8):965-978.
Immune health
1 J ariwalla RJ, Harakeh S. Antiviral and immunomodulatory activities of ascorbic acid.
In: Harris JR (ed). Subcellular Biochemistry. Vol. 25. Ascorbic Acid: Biochemistry and
Biomedical Cell Biology. New York: Plenum Press; 1996:215-231.
2 L inde K, Barrett B, Bauer R, Melchart D, Woelkart K. Echinacea for preventing and
treating the common cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1.
Menopause
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anaging menopause at home. MedlinePlus. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/
patientinstructions/000392.htm. Accessed January 17, 2012.
2 The healthy heart handbook for women. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/other/hhw/hdbk_wmn.pdf.
Accessed January 17, 2012.
3 S troke risk reduction: A healthy nutrition guide. National Stroke Association.
http://www.stroke.org/site/DocServer/NSAFactSheet_Eating.pdf?docID=987.
4H
erbs at a glance. National Institutes of Health.
nccam.nih.gov/health/NIH_Herbs_at_a_Glance.pdf. Accessed January 17, 2012.
5M
enopausal symptoms and CAM. National Center for Complementary and Alternative
Medicine. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/menopause/menopausesymptoms.htm.
6 S oy. MedlinePlus. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007204.htm.
7 P ros and cons for treatment of menopause symptoms. The Hormone Foundation.
http://www.hormone.org/Menopause/pros_and_cons.cfm. Accessed January 19, 2012.
8D
ietary supplement fact sheet: vitamin E. Office of Dietary Supplements.
http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamine. Accessed January 19, 2012.
Prenatal and children’s
1G
ropper, S. S., Smith, J. L., & Groff, J. L. (2009). Advanced Nutrition and Human
Metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wasdwoth.
2C
etin I, Koletzko B. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supply in pregnancy and lactation.
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iyake Y. et al. Dairy food, calcium, and vitamin D intake in pregnancy and wheeze
and asthma in infants. Eur Respir J. 2009 Oct 19. [Epub ahead of print]
5 Devereux G. et al. Maternal vitamin D intake during pregnancy and childhood wheezing.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):853-9.
6 Wagner CL & Greer FR. (2008) Prevention of Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency in Infants,
Children, and Adolescents. Pediatrics, 122, 1142-1152.
7 Blusztajn, JK, et al. Synthesis of acetylcholine from choline derived from
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