Coastal hazard mapping as an adaptation planning

Transcription

A4 | Urban vulnerability and risk assessments and planning: Local
governments in focus
Coastal hazard mapping as an
adaptation planning tool: Almada’s
Local Strategy for Climate Change
Nuno Lopes (Catarina Freitas, Patrícia Silva, Sara Dionísio, Rui
Taborda; Tanya M. Silveira; César Andrade; Maria C. Freitas; Ana N. Silva;
Cristina Lira)
Head of the Sustainable Environmental Management and Planning Department
City Council of Almada, Portugal
5th GlobalCities
Forum2014
on Urban Resilience and Adaptation
Resilient
Bonn || 29
29and
and 31
31May
May 2014
2014
Bonn
Topics…
... A glimpse of Almada
... Almada’s Strategy for Climate Change
... Adaptation planning
... Costal hazard mapping in Fonte da Telha Local Plan
... Adaptation measures to improve resilience in Fonte
da Telha
... Final notes
5th Global Forum on Urban Resilience and Adaptation
Bonn | 29 and 31 May 2014
Almada
Coastal southern
European city
Lisboa
Tagus River
1 of 18
municipalities in
Lisbon Metropolitan
Area
Almada
Area ~ 70 km2
175 000 inhabitants
Atlantic
Ocean
35 km Waterfront
Almada’s Strategy for
Climate Change
Almada’s Strategy for Climate Change
 Mitigation Agenda
 energy consumption and GHGs emissions
Energy efficiency, renewables, smart mobility... low carbon city
 Adaptation Agenda
Building the resilience of our natural, social and
economic systems, providing our communities an
healthy and safe environment to live and work.
Almada’s Strategy for
Climate Change
Adaptation at Almada

Multi-dimension, integrated and multi-level approach:
 Municipal scale: define a global territorial adaptation
strategy and establish solutions + regulations for Almada’s
Master Plan, Almada’s Drainage Infrastructures Strategic
Plan, Almada’s Municipal Emergency Plan
 Detail scale: integration of specific adaptive solutions
(smart urban design) in the development of Local and Urban
Plans (1:1.000)
Land use plans are
the most strategic
compulsory plans
that can be develop
at a local level !
3 levels of land use planning:
Master Plan (1:10.000)

Urban Plans (1:1.000)
+
Local
(1:1.000)
5 GlobalPlans
Forum on Urban
Resilience and Adaptation
th
F2 - New approaches to resilient
urban planning and design
Costal hazard mapping in
Fonte da Telha Local Plan
Almada’s vulnerability to
Natural Hazards
 Mass Wasting (rock falls, rock topple, landslides)
 Sea Level Rise (coastal erosion)
 Storm Surges/overwash
Mass Wasting
 Droughts
 Flooding
 Salinization of Coastal Aquifers
 Forest Fires
 Biodiversity loss
 Heat waves
Coast Erosion
Fonte da Telha
 “Trap” between the Fossil Cliff and
the Atlantic Ocean
 Illegal housing
 Maritime Domain Occupation
 Very popular beach area
 Fragile coastal dune system
 Protected Landscape around the
intervention area
5 Global
Regional
Coastal
Management
Plan
Forum on Urban
Resilience
and Adaptation
th
Fonte da Telha:
Present Occupation
Fonte da Telha: Present Occupation
Fonte da Telha: Present Occupation
 Economic Activities
 Beach: 8.000 to 10.000 people/
day
 Bars, restaurants, local
services
 Fishing
 Accessibilities
 EN 377 + Local road
 3 BUS lines
 1 Train Line along beach front
Fonte da Telha: Starting Point
 Occupation evolution:
 In the mid of XX : Fishermen community
 In the 60s to 80s: Illegal housing boom
 1988: Demolition of illegal houses (2nd house)
Fonte da Telha: Requalification and Safety
 Area : 85 ha
 Present urban front: 2 km
 Local Plan Objectives:
 Coastal dune restoration
 renaturalization of cliffs deposits and dunes
 Urban requalification
 Re-housing the fishermen community
 Installation of 10 beach support facilities
 Installation of a seasonal parking space for
840 vehicles
Developing Fonte da Telha Local Plan
 The area of Fonte da Telha
is expose to natural
hazards, consequence of its
geographic position:
 Flooding and coastal
erosion of beach and dune
areas
 Cliff instability and mass
wasting, due to its geologic
and geotechnical
Globalcharacteristics
Forum on Urban Resilience and Adaptation
5th
Baseline data :
 The regional Coastal Management Plan
defines protection buffer areas that are
underestimated: in Fonte da Telha the
inundation level is 7 m (MSL)
 The protection buffers don’t include
shoreline retreat and overwash
predictions (climate evolution)
16
 Opportunity Window :
 Almada’s Strategy for Climate Change
(existing in-house capacity)
+
 Almada’s “breakthrough project” EU Cities Adapt
+
 Partnership involving the scientific
community – Geology Center of the
University of Lisbon (CeGUL)

Vulnerability Analyses:

Coastal hazard assessment:
Areas threatened by the sea,
with 50 and 100 years climate
change predictions

Geological and geotechnical
hazard


Mapping more conservative
Protection Buffers
Developing Local Plan of Fonte da Telha
 Coastal Harzard
Mapping: Areas
threatened by the sea
 Storm wave beach
erosion
 Maximum wave runup
 Beach erosion related
with sea level rise
 Sedimentary budget
 Coastal Harzard
Mapping: Areas
threatened by the sea
 Storm wave beach
erosion
 Maximum wave runup
 Beach erosion related
with sea level rise
 Sedimentary budget
Coastal Hazards Mapping
Major results
retreat
STORM WAVE BEACH EROSION
24 m
MAXIMUM WAVE RUNUP
BEACH EROSION RELATED
WITH SEA LEVEL RISE
10.9 m
50 m
SEDIMENTARY BUDGET
0m
elevation
 Coastal Hazards Mapping: Areas threatened by the sea
Retreat – (from the dune base)
Elevation (from MSL)
 Coastal Hazards Mapping: Areas threatened by the sea
Resultes
Years
2050
2100
Coastal line retreat (m)
29
74
Inundation levels (m)
9,3
10,9
 Mass Wasting Mapping
 Slope
> 15%
5% to 15%
low stability
moderate stability
 Erosion phenomena
Landslide
Sedimentary seepage
V-shaped Gullies
 Defining Buffer Protection Areas
 Geotecnical
Protection
 Buffer
 Areas
threatened by
the sea Buffer
Buffer Protection Areas (cliff cross section)
Adaptation measures to improve
resilience in Fonte da Telha
 Based on the hazard mapping:
 land occupation and development model
 The urban model was redesigned
 Specific adaptative measures were incorporated
 Local resilience improved
REMOVE
ACCOMMODATE
PROTECT
 Adaptation Measures incorporated in the Plan
REMOVE
 urban perimeter
reconfiguration
with retreat from
the risk areas
ACCOMMODATE
 define a new
ground level: 11 m
(landfill)
 building on stilts
 elevated pathways
PROTECT
recover of the dune
ecosystems
dune reconstitution: minimum
level 12 m
sediment trapping
 erosion and slope deposits
control with native plants
REMOVE
ACCOMMODATE
PROTECT
Building on stilts
Present Terrain Surface
Project Terrain Surface
Protection Cliff area
Integração de Medidas de Adaptação no PP
• Delimitação das faixas de risco na Arriba Fóssil
Final Project
Integração de Medidas de Adaptação no PP
• Delimitação das faixas de risco na Arriba Fóssil
Final Notes
 Land use planning has to incorporate a Climate Change
integrated approach: Resilience is a strategic issue
 Hazard mapping has to attend climate evolution: this
means addressing the uncertainty of its impacts and
take decisions
 Multi-partnerships between cities, research and
stakeholders improve adaptation planning and create
synergies to implement a Local Adaptation/Resilience
Strategy to Climate Change
 Environmental services can provide relevant coastal
protection
5 Global Forum on Urban Resilience and Adaptation
th
Thank you for your attention!
[email protected]
Construir
uma Cidades
Resiliente
5th Global
Forum on
Urban Resilience and Adaptation
Curso
de Formação
| 12
e 132014
Dezembro 2013
Bonn
| 29 and 31
May

Coastal hazard mapping as an adaptation planning

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