7 5 l`]rir :i53
Transcription
7 5 l`]rir :i53
7 5 l']rir :i53 rruu sffl? - 03 riu 4 S < u{o rauoln : r n r:i d'u afli ar u: ni ! au 1. toLn:{n15flnu1?au fionrrsrlilu:6uBvtatornr:tl6uuur]araaryrfifruTnu:ruueirion:vurunr:dosaarulur-lrrrniou: n r u 6'o rnr: a fl 1 Tr o''l n l fl ri o n r : uJ 6 s u rr rJ a r r o r fr'n reru vr,t rir fr r ar lr : : ru fi r rJ o olEJ urnfroreiaaLravflrvu?unr:eiouaaru tun:vu:unr:vrorr?1u dufir-lrrrsriou rJ:yryrr tvro t- 110fl1u10{flflu : lmpacts of human-induced changes on [itter decomposition processes in tropicaI forests: climatic dependency of changes in functiona[ traits and microenvironments atong with forest degradation in tropical forests in ThaiLand , : v es 2. tau't1iu1 [n:.: n1:Lraun ruy2:':lrou z.t ri':rarirTn:lnr: urlamrJniorr nriuv #nfinrsrrJBcpcg'rton ilfi 1, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, sendai, Miyagi 980-B57B,.Japan z.z rini o-u iru alr a {rJu (Co-research ers from Ja pa n) Tohru Nakashizuka (Toru Asano), Professor, Graduate School. of Life Sciences. -rohoku L:i ,:rr:-.,. c-:. -tCl. 1.:a:^.ar:. A)c;-.:. je^.c;,.',1..;ri ,3.-e) l: -a:a-r Hiroko Kurokawa, Assistant Professor, Graduate Schoot of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan Masahiro Aiba, Post-doc researcher, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan rin?i'sdaunlrulilu (Co-researchers from ThaiLand) :Fl.or. qan;n xJ't:oet nruvl1lfl1arli rLrarir,rurnurflrErt:fltfimi fli.lrllv!'1 Z.a .{ pt:.ruaulvtu o1ls1uon artritrnr:rnun:r-lrbi lyriyara'rurrlTi'rrni-lafr:rr:vrn'u:6 i'rraiouyri urta12rJrifl1 n16uY Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan urerdrG.: r-Jruqri'u eirui6'u6'urjr n:xro?lu'ruuvi.rmfi fr'nirjruavvlYudfit n:rurrr 6-3, Aoba, u1fl54 u laufii u-':ufiroruruuvirtrfroirnBuvri i'rvr-onrcyruqi n:rqvruru*vi.rrrfi #m'iriruav 14 1\U6YrU urulund'EJ durfiu.: fi'rradra:ulrqnunraorinrnld'(rurtior) {'ruinnYr n:}royruluuvirufr #n'i rlruavfi'ui5fir ururJ:vvtoti #srnrn:oi fi'rvfiraruxqnr*nT amiarnanrnki (1'rriru) t-rrairrnir n::JovtErlu rur.{ rm fr d'Frili r ua vylTui5fi r e:- r:nati unit,iT gry #rvrirrhunr:t'nnr:arunqnunramiLlaua?u:?rrvl-urihir-h a'rrinrrur,no n:: rubi nril o?r u'ruuvi{m fi fl,nirJr uavd'uiifi t ura6fl:rvliu$ uruurrt ri"lrafirovururndrtrfrrurJut;rrrr fr'mirll -l n:l.royru'tuLrvittrfr qu r {J - - 6'rur-nyrlyar 1 u <4 Ltavflu0?\1, t 3. uriru.irufinurid'u Graduate school. of Life science Tohoku University, .Japan nrriitrfi 'livrurrlrlfi n6us?ufl q. lniretrru"luri:yryrnluufi:-r.l:arurevi'::Liufrntor-r oi tr fi ':i r'lf lani rLrarivrur#arnun:srani In:{nr:finrclit'u: I y ri z a r fe ,,r'i r ,,1,; i I a.: : u ; : :t : fl : I ot,97 ij't i: i:.ri.: lt i fr e.-,r, {"J -l il e v.rYr I u.: r :.:y a-n : n r dqu z u r "J q in vn : nl d.l= Y rfioutn:rrur i t d an'Ma ua{ Lt?f'ta0ufi uLrn:I"u t.1.Jn::11jfi 5. :vrlvr?fi1rirrfrunr: : an rr.Ft. Z55B- 1.J1 rdouflurrw yt.a. 2560 < _ " 6. AnruuFtlLuunl: : anrii'ufi r rrrndoravun:rr r.un::rtf;rLr , ovt u1utt1,1{1Jl ovr 1!t uiu*vi.lrlr a n r fl -J d a { F} tt oufl :uFt:vt: fr rrrr-l ru dr 4 o. n1 ry au!: a.t,lTyal i {'u rra y7l n o ! i r.r ? u r n um : a r.r Fr a. Fr : 1 n 7. ydnnr:uiauLunr.ta 1 n1:Eioufiatutrtrgtr nfitrflt-tn:uulunr:fir{rdruto.:yrLu riuunriuouLLayotfiroryr:'[u:yr-tr-rfrrrrt ett * - i<o o , r u y r or e u v rloi'ufrfrdvrBlrarionr:eiouaalu 16'uri rJor-uunofrorrirrl utiu r.lirrrurirr.lu nrr:rflu *avqaunfi vr"rflnr: rrJf;uu*rJar"Lu:vuufrtrnr-lrhTlun:vurunl:vrouvrunnnrunilTflu0{r{l:ynoun.rri.o.ru*,hd'ourr6r, dou (microenvironments) to.:fr'tnlfit firlunr:rJ*,lrrruutr:nlu:v6'uroufierpryiuoonrf;u.:lfr'fin':tr o d, ) v vq ! o drrilufiovfr'oturir'lonatn lunr:firtruuavnl:dAuurila{uayo.rrirj:vnoulufl"unounr:yrn[yu flaa'u v t i' t 4 Lt?ndolrd0u frdlzuann:vvruFion:uu?un1:douaarutflu%1nn=tJttnun?1!n't1rJffuu:nirLotr-lr ntil:ua1un?'uJ a.i%o.utlr^il:utvatull'tLtrtiouhj:vrvrnlvru InurirOlornrJrrfili.l trhufur-h6udu firn:yu'tunr:?1Flurlu ,.s v t id ,J -i tordrTnuorn-af;t urorn'ori doufifinr:uJf; uuuilarnr:nuuu r'ta1fidrlfi'ufiodo#'r rnn'irlun:vu?unl:yra ttyutu ltriavrj:vmyr-lr ovfinr:uJ6uurrriarro.:fr':u:nf;oldoafioslirtrjrint:uaolaanflf ifiE:y?o.:rfir rray v nivu'runrTEiouaaalu ToulurlruLnioudufifirliillrudtJuraro'lrldur{Jun-rnrunr:vLruf,r?n I v , q a dA a .j, ,i flod'erfirirov 6l ,, X - d,l tlj]U11.rovt0Y1AflALU:uUu1J0{n1:vALtrUn0n'r:t!AUULt!A{!s:JIfULLA{VtAO{A{}J1g{ViUil',t ttavLUn:ffiJrzuan "lufio.:rirj:v nourirurafirduoeinlunrrrrarrrr:olunrsyru$d{ra{fir "LurYunounr:?louvru rJrt'ufifidvrByrn6o t w X v 4 ,.l , o :- o a Fll'uJuuLLavFt?]lJtt14{tta{ s{n1ir!auuLtUa{Lun:u!?ufl'r:vtFttLytuu!aauLoava{'.tar}oan:1fl'r:u0uaa1afl1fl 4 o j ' ?\"iJ Lu Lta a u T,t .j,. uyl 1l't nr:uil6uuruJa{o{ril:vnor:nrs"l6'nr:nni!n?u anriruuoTquflqo-uLrro#oileiouuavarrirj:vnor-r UU 4;,i,o-^i nruail{6to{frcl frtilduuttilarornnr:nn:!n?u[ufi'{nr frreirzuanrvy]lJFion:uu'run1:?i1{1ufl0':lfturiau l! r J d dr "uuo ,?1.!Fn{nLuull1r:'t!iYudfl'ir qv t ' s ordrj:vnouto{a-{n:.rfitfiurjfiuuurjaloT nnr:"LrirJ:vTu"urififru LLav fl'r5 aioeraaratrnfit rfluei':udrdrulrrnr:uilureEiunliuouunvui6'lFr"tuiylufir?fl fifi6vrBraodl{lr1nrio uti (Poorter a-nuruufi{lfito.:yl:Tillfit et ol.2004: Cornwe[l et aL. 2aOB).0-.rrYu6.rfin:rlr{]uhj16'fiavalqren ,j nr:LilfiEJ!tlil4{to.:d'a11nr:uouaalu%1nvrt a1nn1:uJFauru]alntidtl'ru1;o':fitlu:r6'lnrinrn aiuh,u a .j usiodxl: .f, ^ nnt}.l a{vu'iL:.ruoLeu no n:uu1ufl1:uouaarufru.Ja'uuttrja.rh]rrriavdrnriln*ufludxt: rravn?1].rL?ir1qna1n ! q .j rjo J ,j r +yt "q,, " ^ yrilAuuLL!a.iatnn1:Litr_J:vLertuvrpiu[ur:rror 1iQvLi'r[iJan']:plntFrrn2lLrLau{"u0{n'r:vr1{lu1Jo'i:uLJUur?fl !t Av 6) X /il I / I\ il q ; .i,r ,q . d . " - ^ io irairf,r;i.:",i{.ii-:l::'Iia:-:.rii"i.irLli., n'l:yite:^i:irii'Ll ni^r!fri':i^i:i;i'r7lo1nifl (cili-nar,c dependency) tarnr:r,i'r{1u?o.irvLirfruro ndr':6a"lu:vlufrrror.trFrfiu nr:nfle{ta.xr:*ouuoofrul:j - qu A o ,; e, & -! ruo.:11fln1:anLilo0fl1r:0fl't:ruauuLUul^ruvrrfluFrsn:::t d, o q yd tr ,^ tflu,ialirh,t:rnr:nni}.J1J:1.r1{uLLfieiorasfiudrttav tnonr:udrtuto'r"uuq'Lufiufr 6rrjth-irinr:tlf;uurrla{n1:ri'}n1uflo{*'{n! e1fl conservative strategies ! tflu acquisitive strategier 6'r#u tfrnfitlorrirqvtfiu1nodrl:lnt5?6'xurir SLA (speclfic l.eaf area) fiq.: $nutluxl{ilfl0.:1ulsr:roulu"lufifinrurriurYolu:Jrr1frunfi (poorter et ol.2OO4; Sterck et ot. 2011) tnv nruaillJer?o.llrlJtualuttludrufrdrrair'Lrinirosr:rn1:uouaalurowlnfit 'Lu6nyr'rufir lu:vurf,urnr]r u o zua-o Lu .; u u M v ^ nlTt!Auuuf ainl:?i'r.iruto.:fr'tnlkit6'rfrprornnr:Flo!aualFiolBrrcuuar rflolqrnua.rlritfirflu rJo{'adrrio"turulJUit?fl (Lebrija-Trejos ef ol. 2011) urinr:nJfi€.,uuilaln1:ri1.11uilO.ra'tnrnnrirnu0Tou { ddtevrJ,---i FrfuaLUFrflo.rv,rl;vrvruvrluFr0n?r:JLr14.rtta{ rl1nn'nn'r:tLlJ.nJuLTiottulfloi'uura.: Ltautf,Frfrarlr:nrfruTnlntd aro"toianllvn?11tfi{ufr{trauuu?Tfilil:vfrvrBnrulunr:tt'rlrtorr.nr*rfilrnn'irovLLafl{{oLaulur-lrvrfrunfr r ia a ^i .l, 4 qvv | flfuax]uFrflo.l111,tua11]tuua{114'lzuaa00n:1n1:u0uaa1u10{s1nfltlilt1a{ d o :r ei r zu a ri o o n : r n r : d o u a a1 u fi u n n ri r.: riulu r. r-l r zu uO fior Lu ua ,. ^ v r-l r 6 - Z q ot uav : - Fl{uu turLaava{n1]fltr[Fravtua i r fi u uonhJornr.rsu nr:finrsrfi,.j1ul]'r r.ranivvrlJUo{fr'.rn}.rfituriav:v6'lsioo'n:rnr:douaalu riruiraqjrj.: I d -' ,; ,q ,q ya q u:vLFruvr]'rrLUauuLt!a.rn1:vn.l1uljO{arnilrfitfiuJfieJuldlurreiavfr'sril risihilfi'rfrqr:rurhjfisnr:uJdauur.Jal toqfl od'utt'tof,oildoEJlu#r nrLfir u{luon;{rn'cylunr:virnruirjrlqfirnrrrrfror nr:ai-rlriar nrrrfi rfludrurirdry filirtfi'rloi'umodorLdoErfinr:rrJfiouiujar fr'rriulunr:finrgr"luni.rflfionrj:va.:rirfiofinrErnru6'arnrraflrrnr I 01n1fl tora-rnrLuriavtiorfidrarasionr:u-lfruuuria{rJqi'erltrofio!douLraynr:rirrruror#rnr:rlhjfi.:nario om:rnr:eiouaarutLav!3!1ru61ero114'r:firaluriuu"[u:vurfrurs 19! nr : .i nJ B. irr a' u cr r.J t u u r.J a w o.: : : s ar rit olln ;* y r :l u fr ur rr"Lu nr : y dl fi n ir s fr firnr:finurdqydrzuahjdnr:nronr:nifi.r u :iq-u t ivl'ofinrcrorrir]:vnou nat-sr: lraun?lilyarnuar utord'nrgruvyrirfiro.:n::rufit rorfit rrJEuuufiuu:vra'jrtrJnJmqfi (primary forest) unvdryfrunfr (secondary forest)lur,r'ufi,:rAudu uav{r zua:rzudprh"turj:vtunluu nru'[6'nr:rl6EruLrlarro.:r]06'uurfl#oleioa'Lun:y!?unl:yerLvtu a. s.z rfiodnlsrnru#uvi'udtorErurnfroildaueioo'Fr:rnr:dauaaT u r-lrilornfr uavdryFunfr tur*uir'trr -3*ulu 6ufi g. u vrlr zual zua-rrtu'Lurj:v ry nly ua a ffi .lru rierrfronvl-ufi ovtBru$ilctrfrnnrlrueir a.lnr"'yal r{lu6'rrrvrurJrrtnfouflu LLau o?1u'r1J q d i 4 dt u . I ^J uvilt'rdrilourriunivri o. nrryrurE riiunhuprutlrzuatzua'n"Lu"" Tnan'olf;anfiufir-lro::lrlrfifihirnu,.i'tufl1: un:n :r-lril-qlnfr (primary forest) uavfiufir-lrfitnuairunr:un:n : rJrr6cr4l- (secondary forest)InufiiE i6nr: rir rfl un r:uay uzuunr:rJfr udJi6ia. ll n1: Ft.lU (uIrantn * lufiufid'{ne{mrv'lririrnr:15ufr":odrr"Lr 1oudrdarLarGrLiltI:yunr,i) 9.i r-i:finuro;rii:;nalrieya-tui:yrriivjzalyr::,,:rir;i:'ir.-fi,j-,Fl{u (t) nr:6nrgrnr:u.iduurrrja.ra'nr.*tuvy::rfitoru::rufir(functionaitraits) *avflr6'urtro#or tu ul:'urrfiuu:vu'jrr r-lrrJglqfr *nv drufrunfr lnanr:rxrrJarrir:rs ulueiilsiru'rur,tuq au 10 tLila.i turn 10x10 mn: drnr:druun riufinrfler rnv{flrurcrhifruvrn6'utuurla.: u::orfitfi t qr (speciftc leaf are, SLA) irn:rvr.iorrirJ:vnou ul[u*rJal*riavtflnovpnriuriprturnfiuffLr v nriuou (Carbon, C) ttnv oraolt,r'lr (nutrients) Inurarnrrvtuln:lou (N) rrav v{oav,ioia (P) olrirJ:vnour#utu (fiber) unv flluoa (phenol.ic)tufr'rodr.rlurr=tfiodriruruaqro.iLiouuon :mfrr !1 itn:rvdnrr:tlturuuilutolfr'ubi (wood density) raurutq?o.rrr5pr (seed size)InuriTnr:tfir.r rurinvtfiufi 6'rodrrqiruruaur6'u"lurrsiavtfrnuYu$rBrrrurrila.rnrr: rfionr:n:?aipldnuruvvrrrnrunrn"lu uavlrlri'luduritn:rvr.io.rrirJ:vnourxrnfi turio.rlfrlGnr:firyriyura'Errnun:flrani v a, a o\ raiofir,TouJflri6nr: filr,rriusrdu Tohoku ti:vurnfiilu fiwrrn'lodrrfinrrldrr{lufiovpiolrirhJ irn:rvr,{firl:vrvrrrfrr-lu ufialr,l uxarrr-kior nr6uv finfinrgruyd'rrrJ3ryryrron d'rytrfrlua iri'rirkJ Tinr.luuavlt'ruurrrnfrnnr:irn:rv# firvaur:ndrhjl:vunp{tffLurj:vrvinlvrutffLuournn nlFtau'11.1 t < -jy (2) tl:vrfruflot'uurorfrorLdaaluuria.r Tnulf;on 3 arn i0 urjal uavrJrvrfra vrer"LurjrrjorLnfr eul ^l L?\on:?aiproruvnfr nruflu ttavrirnrrru{Jun:o rir.r rosfi,;rravufiupr-rodrrdudruru 5 aorio tltt U9U-i ft|laf'rErn:vuontfi!sl-roeirrFu u:yL!uiliill ruorriorur :'lu6u 9.2 tl nr :fi nrsrdn:rnr: uavzuar:unurflu r 6'.:or]rrfru rfiairn:rrrinufiu"Lu6u*av uaar aluvlruvrrtlr do r6utrntlfii':'tu;iu sirururl'!fiav i5 ,flor rf,orav 5 ni:i u::olunrffrluaou ,uu1rt zox2o drulu q tq rfiadrnr:tfiuuart'.trirvrintuuriav"drr*ar inuldr:arvrinr,tunr::*flw1nlr*r nr:rfiuq.rtuuriavrn F)lrr:yuur?a 1 6, 12, 24 *avqa d,ilflrri Tnu frwruua'rornnr:rfir..lo.rovdrnr:d,r *avriru:udpr:rnr:eiouaa,ru flunar ' 1ii,'T,,tu'r'::vuv 0vlrrn.:rur.nrur-Jr i0. arafinrot'rryteiil zunnr:io-e,6":nrit':ovttan':filnrua:rrifrro.:fit *avn':1l.Ji4a1u,ra1u"lur-lrfrrdu inul,;doxrayrrai:v iltar*ava'cltruivur trol"tu riiohi uavmf;, uriavrfrrurrflr.rri:u"lunr:oBurufl.:nrrrrunnrirruaun?ril fia1n,1a1El1lo{d'nuruvufirfitotlry::ruvt*t:vv'jrtrJrrig*nr:*ar:-lrvrfrEJn}r rrnyL:.reya-*rr:orrirlcfi.:n2..r:J r:anrnot ntflta'1n-nusuvufirfirord'.:nrvr'rfidszuaioa-n:r nr:do uaar uLravn-nu6usufirfito.rn::rufit aur:nrirhjainr:nrnnr:nizua n:vvtutto.: nr:tilf;uuuriarnr:trirj:yIurrivr"6ulu:yuufr 6'oln lrqr-hhirurertranilu rJ:yruntyu r ona r : n r : fi :^i er yi, a.:I i) Taraka i:'' Dcki':k n :.r lr'1. n r :fi r isiria n er A. rir rfr u.: r u"lu rJ :y ry a,h e, -rakahashi ,\1., saiich T.. r.iakasii.-ka T. (20ic) Regei;erar;on of co-occuring tropical bamboos after the simu[taneous flcwering and death: a bomboo species formed "sapl'ing bank" under the shade of the other species (in Japanese with abstract). Japanese Journal of Ecotogy, 60: Engl.ish 63_72. 2) Tanaka H', Marod D., Takahashi M., lshida A., panuthai 5., saito T., Nakashizuka T, (2009) Regeneration dynamics of a tropical seasonal forest after the simuttaneous death of cooccurring bamboos. Proceedings of the Fortorop ll lnternationai Conference, Vot. 4: 25_4a. i 1. llil:ylr rurirrfl unr:rtav uraeilvruii,a teiYl':r:r-l:vil1tu01n nrrrrron'',rfrlrnn6,ot (Ministry of Environment, MoE) rJ:vrvrrrf,r-lu druru riu.S,OOO,OO0 rEr! aaan:yuur?at S tJ (nrrgrtru 2011 fr.r fiurnru 2016) leiiu': rr,:vr 1ru e 1 n or rin r : ei.r rai:..:i rr nr : *vir r r fi ryrr1 sciences , JSps).rirurufru 3,000,000 ruu naorr:vuvr?ar u (-r a pa n : ij (rruruu Society for the promotion of 2014 flr fiurnl 2017) rondlrd'r{4.: Cornwe[t W.K, Cornelissen J.H.C., Amatange[o K., DorrepaaI E., Eviner V.T., Godoy O., Hobbie S.E., Hoorens 8., Kurokawa H., Perez-Hardeguindeguy N. et ol . 2008. Plant species traits are the predominant control on litter decomposition rates within biomes wortdwide. Ecology Letters, 7t, 1065-71. Lebrija-Trejos E., P'erez-Garc'ra E. A., MeaveJ. A., Poorter L., and F. Bongers.2011. EnvironmentaI changes during secondary succession in a tropical dry forest in Mexico. )ournol of Tropicol Ecoiogy 27,4i7-89. Poorter, L., de Ptassche, M.V., Wittems, S. & Boot, R.G.A. 2004. Leaf traits and herbivory rates of tropicaL tree species differing in successional status. Ptont Biotogy., 6,746-54. Sterck, F., MarkesteUn, 1., Schieving, F. & Poorte r, L. 2011. Functional traits determine trade-offs and niches in a tropica[ forest community. Proceedings oJthe NotionolAcademy of Sciences, 108, 20627 -32. C