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Contents - The X Lab
Contents Contents About This Book........................................................................................................................................... 20 Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 20 How this book is organized........................................................................................................................... 22 Notational conventions used in this book.................................................................................................... 23 Getting the most from this book................................................................................................................... 23 About the recommendations made in this book.......................................................................................... 24 About the Warning and Disclaimer.............................................................................................................. 24 About your license to use this book.............................................................................................................. 24 Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................................... 25 Getting Started with Mac OS X.................................................................................................................... 26 Installing Snow Leopard.............................................................................................................................. 27 About installing Snow Leopard..................................................................................................................... 27 Pre-installation issues and precautions................................................................................................. 27 Installation options................................................................................................................................ 30 The author’s Snow Leopard upgrade process....................................................................................... 32 Troubleshooting installation......................................................................................................................... 32 Resolving common installation and post-installation problems................................................................ 33 Alert “…this disk cannot be used to start up your computer”............................................................ 33 iPhone or iPod touch not recognized.................................................................................................... 34 Prompt for System Events at log in....................................................................................................... 34 Starts up in Tiger or Leopard after installing Snow Leopard............................................................... 34 Starts up to grey screen after installing Snow Leopard......................................................................... 34 Previous Time Machine backups unavailable after installing Snow Leopard..................................... 35 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 35 Learning Mac OS X....................................................................................................................................... 36 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 37 Maintaining Mac OS X................................................................................................................................. 38 Routine maintenance..................................................................................................................................... 38 Maintenance myths........................................................................................................................................ 38 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 39 Upgrades: Planning, Researching, Buying, and Installing........................................................................ 40 Planning upgrades......................................................................................................................................... 40 Researching upgrades.................................................................................................................................... 41 Buying upgrades............................................................................................................................................ 41 Installing upgrades......................................................................................................................................... 42 Buying a new Mac.......................................................................................................................................... 42 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 43 Providing Feedback...................................................................................................................................... 44 Prevention and Preparation........................................................................................................................ 45 An Ounce of Prevention............................................................................................................................... 46 Do…............................................................................................................................................................... 46 Do not…........................................................................................................................................................ 47 Additional advice for Mac portable computer users.................................................................................... 48 3 Contents Backup and Recovery.................................................................................................................................... 49 About backup and recovery........................................................................................................................... 49 Planning your backup and recovery solution . ............................................................................................ 50 Recommended backup and recovery applications............................................................................... 51 Determining the volume of data to be backed up................................................................................ 52 Backup Devices....................................................................................................................................... 53 Providing for off-site data protection.................................................................................................... 54 Backup strategy....................................................................................................................................... 55 Additional considerations in backup and recovery...................................................................................... 57 Implementing your backup and recovery solution...................................................................................... 58 Recovery......................................................................................................................................................... 59 Recovering an entire disk or volume from a Copy............................................................................... 59 Recovering individual files from a Copy............................................................................................... 59 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 59 Create a Test Account.................................................................................................................................... 61 Creating a test account................................................................................................................................... 61 Using a test account in troubleshooting....................................................................................................... 62 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 63 Disk Utilities.................................................................................................................................................. 64 About disk utilities......................................................................................................................................... 64 Recommended disk utilities.......................................................................................................................... 65 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 66 Error Codes................................................................................................................................................... 67 First Aid Folder............................................................................................................................................. 68 Obtaining Help Online................................................................................................................................. 70 Questions about using your Mac or Mac OS X............................................................................................ 70 Questions about third-party applications.................................................................................................... 70 Questions not answered in Mac Help........................................................................................................... 70 Guidelines for creating good posts................................................................................................................ 71 Other sources of help online......................................................................................................................... 72 Tips for using the AppleCare Knowledge Base............................................................................................. 72 Related Links.................................................................................................................................................. 72 Organizing Information About Your Mac.................................................................................................. 73 File computer, peripheral, and software information.................................................................................. 73 Protect important CDs and DVDs................................................................................................................ 73 Keep a Mac Diary........................................................................................................................................... 74 Protecting Against Power Problems............................................................................................................ 75 Protecting against power outages.................................................................................................................. 75 Disconnecting the power is a last resort................................................................................................ 75 Purchase an Uninterruptible Power Supply ......................................................................................... 75 How a UPS keeps your computer running during a power outage..................................................... 75 Buying a UPS.......................................................................................................................................... 76 Automatic shutdown software............................................................................................................... 77 Using a UPS............................................................................................................................................ 78 Protecting against power surges.................................................................................................................... 78 Recovering from power problems................................................................................................................. 78 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 78 4 Contents Security.......................................................................................................................................................... 80 About security................................................................................................................................................ 80 Apple security updates................................................................................................................................... 80 Physical security............................................................................................................................................. 80 Temporarily locking your Mac.............................................................................................................. 80 Automatically log out after a period of inactivity................................................................................. 81 Smart Cards............................................................................................................................................ 81 Passwords....................................................................................................................................................... 81 Choosing a secure password.................................................................................................................. 81 The firmware password.......................................................................................................................... 81 The Master Password.............................................................................................................................. 82 Changing and resetting passwords........................................................................................................ 82 Keychains........................................................................................................................................................ 82 Network security............................................................................................................................................ 83 AirPort network security........................................................................................................................ 83 Routers.................................................................................................................................................... 83 Firewalls.................................................................................................................................................. 83 Router vs. firewall................................................................................................................................... 84 Virtual Private Networks........................................................................................................................ 84 Data security.................................................................................................................................................. 84 Access Control Lists................................................................................................................................ 84 Encrypted disk images........................................................................................................................... 84 FileVault.................................................................................................................................................. 85 Secure data removal .............................................................................................................................. 85 Secure Virtual Memory.......................................................................................................................... 86 Parental Controls........................................................................................................................................... 86 Enabling Parental Controls.................................................................................................................... 86 Configuring Parental Controls.............................................................................................................. 87 Disabling Parental Controls................................................................................................................... 87 Parental Controls caveats....................................................................................................................... 88 Detecting and avoiding malware and spyware............................................................................................. 89 Hardening Mac OS X..................................................................................................................................... 90 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 90 Troubleshooting Mac OS X: A-Z.................................................................................................................. 91 General Mac OS X Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................... 95 The last change may be the cause.................................................................................................................. 95 If you suspect a software problem…............................................................................................................ 95 If you suspect a hardware problem…........................................................................................................... 96 Use your warranties and support agreements.............................................................................................. 96 Seek help online............................................................................................................................................. 96 Related links................................................................................................................................................... 96 Activity Monitor............................................................................................................................................ 97 About Activity Monitor................................................................................................................................. 97 Troubleshooting with Activity Monitor........................................................................................................ 98 Checking CPU usage.............................................................................................................................. 98 Checking RAM usage........................................................................................................................... 100 Checking free space on the startup disk.............................................................................................. 102 Checking disk activity.......................................................................................................................... 103 Checking network activity................................................................................................................... 104 Finding and terminating errant processes.......................................................................................... 105 Sampling a process............................................................................................................................... 107 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 108 5 Contents Airport Base Station and Time Capsule Status Lights............................................................................ 109 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 109 Applications................................................................................................................................................. 110 About applications....................................................................................................................................... 110 Mac OS X applications......................................................................................................................... 110 64-bit and 32-bit applications.............................................................................................................. 111 Microsoft Windows applications......................................................................................................... 111 Installing applications.......................................................................................................................... 112 Associating documents with applications........................................................................................... 113 Changing the preferred application that opens a document............................................................. 115 Opening a document in an application other than its preferred application................................... 117 Application preferences files................................................................................................................ 118 Preventing problems with applications............................................................................................... 119 Uninstalling applications..................................................................................................................... 119 Troubleshooting applications...................................................................................................................... 120 General application troubleshooting................................................................................................... 121 Force Quit............................................................................................................................................. 122 Deleting application preferences files.................................................................................................. 123 Reset Launch Services.......................................................................................................................... 124 Resolving common problems with applications........................................................................................ 126 3D graphics performance problems on MacBook and MacBook Air............................................... 126 Applications open slowly..................................................................................................................... 126 Application preferences reset to default values................................................................................... 126 Applications quit unexpectedly or fail to open................................................................................... 127 Applications are unresponsive............................................................................................................. 127 Cannot install an application............................................................................................................... 128 Cannot sync data with iSync or MobileMe......................................................................................... 128 Cannot use this version alert............................................................................................................... 128 Documents open in the wrong applications....................................................................................... 129 Error -10660 attempting to open a document.................................................................................... 129 Error -10810 opening an application.................................................................................................. 130 iDVD ‘08 quits unexpectedly after installation................................................................................... 130 iTunes quits unexpectedly or fails to open.......................................................................................... 130 Reinstalling an application bundled with Mac OS X......................................................................... 130 Reinstalling a factory-installed application......................................................................................... 131 Safari quits unexpectedly..................................................................................................................... 131 Users must register a previously-registered application..................................................................... 132 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 132 AVI and DivX Files...................................................................................................................................... 133 About AVI and DivX files............................................................................................................................ 133 Playing AVI and DivX files on Mac OS X................................................................................................... 134 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 134 Burning CDs and DVDs............................................................................................................................. 135 About burning CDs and DVDs................................................................................................................... 135 Troubleshooting burning CDs and DVDs.................................................................................................. 136 Resolving common problems burning CDs and DVDs............................................................................. 137 You cannot burn a CD or DVD........................................................................................................... 137 Error code -43 when attempting to burn a disk................................................................................. 137 Error code -50 while burning a disc in iTunes.................................................................................... 137 Error codes 0x80020022 or -2147352542............................................................................................ 138 Error codes 0x80020025 or -2147352539............................................................................................ 138 Error codes 0x80020060 or -2147352480; buffer underrun error..................................................... 139 6 Contents Error codes 0x8002006D or -2147352467........................................................................................... 139 Error codes 0x8002006E or -2147614830........................................................................................... 140 Optical media do not mount or appear on the desktop..................................................................... 141 Problems with DVD-RAM discs.......................................................................................................... 142 Unknown Error alert while burning................................................................................................... 142 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 143 Cache Cleaning............................................................................................................................................ 144 About cache cleaning................................................................................................................................... 144 Side effects of System cache cleaning.......................................................................................................... 145 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 145 Console and Crash Logs............................................................................................................................. 146 About Console.............................................................................................................................................. 146 Troubleshooting with Console.................................................................................................................... 149 Set up Console for troubleshooting.................................................................................................... 149 Checking Console for clues.................................................................................................................. 150 Examining some common messages................................................................................................... 150 Troubleshooting Console............................................................................................................................ 153 Resolving common Console problems....................................................................................................... 153 Changes to windows applied to all windows when Console is reopened.......................................... 153 About crash logs........................................................................................................................................... 154 Application crash logs.......................................................................................................................... 155 System-related crash logs..................................................................................................................... 155 Panic logs.............................................................................................................................................. 155 Troubleshooting with crash logs................................................................................................................. 156 The case of the corrupted calendar..................................................................................................... 157 The case of the third-party mouse...................................................................................................... 157 The case of the corrupted preference file............................................................................................ 158 Obtaining help with crash logs............................................................................................................ 158 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 158 Dashboard................................................................................................................................................... 159 About Dashboard......................................................................................................................................... 159 Opening and closing Dashboard......................................................................................................... 160 Included widgets................................................................................................................................... 160 Opening widgets................................................................................................................................... 160 Closing widgets..................................................................................................................................... 161 Configuring a widget’s preferences...................................................................................................... 161 Installing and removing widgets.......................................................................................................... 161 Refreshing widgets................................................................................................................................ 161 Preferences files for Dashboard and widgets....................................................................................... 162 Finding new widgets............................................................................................................................. 162 Developing widgets.............................................................................................................................. 162 Troubleshooting Dashboard........................................................................................................................ 163 Troubleshooting an individual widget................................................................................................ 164 Testing third-party widgets.................................................................................................................. 165 Reset Dashboard................................................................................................................................... 166 Recovering text from lost or removed Stickies.................................................................................... 167 Recover Stickies text from a copy of the Stickies preferences file....................................................... 168 Resolving common Dashboard problems.................................................................................................. 168 DashboardClient consumes increasing amounts of memory............................................................ 168 DashboardClient quit unexpectedly.................................................................................................... 168 Removed widgets reappear in Dashboard after syncing with MobileMe.......................................... 169 Weather widget displays data for the wrong city................................................................................ 169 7 Contents Web Clip widget is blank...................................................................................................................... 169 Widget displays no data....................................................................................................................... 169 Related Links................................................................................................................................................ 170 Data Recovery.............................................................................................................................................. 171 Data loss scenarios....................................................................................................................................... 171 You trashed important files but have not emptied the Trash............................................................. 171 You trashed important files and emptied the Trash........................................................................... 171 You initialized your hard drive............................................................................................................ 171 Your hard drive has crashed or your Mac is severely damaged.......................................................... 171 Data recovery utilities.................................................................................................................................. 172 If you cannot start up your Mac from a data recovery utility disc.................................................... 172 Data recovery services.................................................................................................................................. 172 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 173 Disk Images................................................................................................................................................. 174 About disk images........................................................................................................................................ 174 Troubleshooting disk images....................................................................................................................... 175 Resolving common problems with disk images......................................................................................... 176 Cannot eject a disk image because it is in use..................................................................................... 176 Disk image…may be damaged… alert................................................................................................ 176 Disk images fails to mount................................................................................................................... 177 Disk images mount slowly................................................................................................................... 177 Spotlight does not index disk images when mounted........................................................................ 178 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 178 The Dock...................................................................................................................................................... 179 About the Dock............................................................................................................................................ 179 Getting the most from the Dock.......................................................................................................... 180 Troubleshooting the Dock........................................................................................................................... 181 General Dock troubleshooting............................................................................................................ 181 Quit and relaunch the Dock................................................................................................................ 181 Reset the Dock...................................................................................................................................... 181 Resolving common Dock problems............................................................................................................ 182 Application fails to open when clicking its Dock icon....................................................................... 182 Cannot add or remove icons in the Dock.......................................................................................... 182 Folder aliases within folders do no list contents................................................................................. 182 Lost @ icon in the Dock....................................................................................................................... 183 Many icons accidentally dropped into the Dock................................................................................ 183 Minimized QuickTime movies do not play in the Dock.................................................................... 183 Related Links................................................................................................................................................ 183 Fast User Switching..................................................................................................................................... 184 About Fast User Switching........................................................................................................................... 184 Troubleshooting Fast User Switching......................................................................................................... 185 Resolving common Fast User Switching problems.................................................................................... 185 Cannot restart or shut down with Fast User Switching...................................................................... 185 Character Viewer or Keyboard Viewer appear persistently................................................................ 186 Cube effect does not appear when switching users............................................................................ 186 Internet connection drops when switching users............................................................................... 186 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 187 FileVault....................................................................................................................................................... 188 About FileVault............................................................................................................................................ 188 FileVault caveats, restrictions, and side effects.................................................................................... 189 8 Contents Should I use FileVault?......................................................................................................................... 190 Before enabling FileVault…................................................................................................................. 190 Troubleshooting FileVault........................................................................................................................... 190 Resolving common FileVault problems ..................................................................................................... 191 Account appears to have been reset to a new account........................................................................ 191 Cannot enable or disable FileVault...................................................................................................... 191 Forgotten password for a FileVault-protected account...................................................................... 192 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 192 Finder........................................................................................................................................................... 193 About Finder................................................................................................................................................ 193 Hidden and invisible files..................................................................................................................... 193 Troubleshooting Finder............................................................................................................................... 193 Install Refresh Finder........................................................................................................................... 194 Relaunch Finder................................................................................................................................... 194 Delete Finder preferences..................................................................................................................... 195 Troubleshooting third-party Quick Look generators................................................................................ 198 Delete Quick Look preferences............................................................................................................ 198 Determine installed Quick Look generators....................................................................................... 199 Resolving common Finder problems.......................................................................................................... 200 Error -10810 attempting to relaunch Finder...................................................................................... 200 Finder displays incorrect date or time for files or folders.................................................................. 200 Finder is slow when moving or copying many files............................................................................ 200 Finder quits unexpectedly or relaunches repeatedly after log in....................................................... 200 Finder quits unexpectedly or stops responding.................................................................................. 201 Finder relaunches when attempting to open a folder......................................................................... 201 Finder returns error code -10660 when opening a document........................................................... 201 Open With lists multiple copies of the same application................................................................... 202 Quick Look does not work................................................................................................................... 202 Recent Items is not working................................................................................................................. 202 Restoring an object removed from the sidebar................................................................................... 202 Spotlight Comments are not saved on remote volumes..................................................................... 203 Unable to copy, move, or modify an object......................................................................................... 203 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 204 Finding Corrupted Files............................................................................................................................. 205 About corrupted files................................................................................................................................... 205 Troubleshooting corrupted files.................................................................................................................. 205 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 205 FireWire Problems...................................................................................................................................... 206 About FireWire............................................................................................................................................ 206 Troubleshooting FireWire........................................................................................................................... 207 Resolving common FireWire problems...................................................................................................... 210 Problems saving files to FireWire drives.............................................................................................. 210 Slow data transfer when videoconferencing....................................................................................... 210 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 210 Fonts............................................................................................................................................................. 211 About fonts................................................................................................................................................... 211 Font management................................................................................................................................. 211 Previewing uninstalled fonts................................................................................................................ 211 Protected fonts...................................................................................................................................... 212 Safe Mode.............................................................................................................................................. 212 Troubleshooting fonts.................................................................................................................................. 213 9 Contents Corrupted fonts.................................................................................................................................... 213 Font cache corruption.......................................................................................................................... 213 Incompatible fonts............................................................................................................................... 214 Missing or disabled fonts..................................................................................................................... 214 Resolving common font problems.............................................................................................................. 215 Fonts window missing columns or controls....................................................................................... 215 Text appears garbled............................................................................................................................. 215 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 216 Font Book.................................................................................................................................................... 217 About Font Book.......................................................................................................................................... 217 Validating fonts..................................................................................................................................... 220 Avoiding common problems from misunderstanding Font Book.................................................... 221 Troubleshooting Font Book........................................................................................................................ 222 Delete Font Book preferences.............................................................................................................. 222 Check permissions of folders important to Font Book...................................................................... 223 Check for corrupted font collections.................................................................................................. 223 Reset Font Book.................................................................................................................................... 224 Resolving common Font Book problems................................................................................................... 224 Cannot change or install fonts in the User library.............................................................................. 224 Cannot create new font collections or change existing collections.................................................... 224 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 224 Freeing Space on Your Startup Disk.......................................................................................................... 225 Determining available space on your startup disk..................................................................................... 225 Simple ways to increase available space...................................................................................................... 225 What about moving my Home folder or the Users folders?...................................................................... 227 Related Links................................................................................................................................................ 227 Freezes and Hangs....................................................................................................................................... 228 Troubleshooting freezes and hangs............................................................................................................. 228 An application is unresponsive, frozen, or hung................................................................................ 228 Your Mac is unresponsive, frozen, or hung......................................................................................... 228 Killing processes remotely using SSH......................................................................................................... 228 Manually forcing a shutdown or restart..................................................................................................... 233 Determining the cause of a freeze or hang................................................................................................. 233 Resolving persistent application freezes.............................................................................................. 233 Resolving persistent system freezes...................................................................................................... 233 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 233 Hard Drive Sleep......................................................................................................................................... 234 About hard drive sleep................................................................................................................................. 234 To sleep or not to sleep?....................................................................................................................... 234 Energy Saver preferences and hard drive sleep................................................................................... 235 Issues with hard drive sleep.................................................................................................................. 235 Troubleshooting hard drive sleep................................................................................................................ 236 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 237 Hardware Testing........................................................................................................................................ 238 Apple Hardware Test . ................................................................................................................................. 238 Using the Apple Hardware Test............................................................................................................ 238 Loop Mode............................................................................................................................................ 239 RAM testing................................................................................................................................................. 239 Other hardware testing utilities................................................................................................................... 240 Micromat TechTool Deluxe.................................................................................................................. 240 Micromat TechTool Pro....................................................................................................................... 240 USB software debuggers....................................................................................................................... 240 Related Links................................................................................................................................................ 240 10 Contents Help Viewer................................................................................................................................................. 241 About Help Viewer....................................................................................................................................... 241 Troubleshooting Help Viewer...................................................................................................................... 243 Reset Help Viewer................................................................................................................................. 243 Check for broken help book aliases..................................................................................................... 244 Check for corrupt or incompatible help books.................................................................................. 245 Resolving common Help Viewer problems................................................................................................ 246 Connection failed alert when opening help........................................................................................ 246 Help Viewer quits unexpectedly or displays a blank window............................................................ 246 Help Viewer does not list help for a specific application.................................................................... 246 HVURLHandlerDomainError error 1002 when opening help......................................................... 247 Modem connects to the Internet when opening help........................................................................ 247 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 247 Isolating Troublesome Peripherals........................................................................................................... 248 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 249 Kernel Panics............................................................................................................................................... 250 About kernel panics..................................................................................................................................... 250 General causes of kernel panics........................................................................................................... 251 Known causes of kernel panics............................................................................................................ 251 Troubleshooting kernel panics.................................................................................................................... 252 Troubleshooting roadmap................................................................................................................... 253 Troubleshooting table.......................................................................................................................... 254 Troubleshooting third-party kernel extensions.................................................................................. 255 Using and interpreting panic logs............................................................................................................... 256 Troubleshooting with panic logs ................................................................................................................ 261 Example 1: Simple Backtrace Analysis............................................................................................... 261 Example 2: No kernel loadable modules in the Backtrace................................................................. 262 Example 3: Hard drive problems......................................................................................................... 263 Obtaining help with panic logs................................................................................................................... 264 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 264 Keyboards and Keyboard Shortcuts......................................................................................................... 265 About keyboards and keyboard shortcuts.................................................................................................. 265 Troubleshooting keyboards......................................................................................................................... 266 Troubleshooting keyboard shortcuts.......................................................................................................... 267 Resolving common keyboard problems..................................................................................................... 268 Images of keys appear on the screen while typing.............................................................................. 268 Keyboard Viewer or Character Viewer appear unexpectedly............................................................. 268 Long delay between pressing keys and characters appearing............................................................. 268 No visual feedback from Brightness, Eject, or Volume keys............................................................... 269 Numeric keypad does not work........................................................................................................... 269 One key fails to work............................................................................................................................ 269 Sounds accompany typing................................................................................................................... 269 Startup keyboard shortcuts do not work............................................................................................ 270 Volume keys do not provide audible feedback................................................................................... 270 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 270 Keychains..................................................................................................................................................... 271 About keychains........................................................................................................................................... 271 Keychain passwords and keychain locking.......................................................................................... 271 11 Contents Reset Safari............................................................................................................................................ 272 Troubleshooting keychains.......................................................................................................................... 272 Resolving common keychain problems...................................................................................................... 272 Frequently prompted for keychain password..................................................................................... 272 Resetting Safari removes Web site accounts and passwords from keychain...................................... 273 Secure Notes appear garbled after syncing or copying keychain....................................................... 273 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 273 Login............................................................................................................................................................ 274 About login................................................................................................................................................... 274 Troubleshooting login problems................................................................................................................. 274 Resolving common login problems............................................................................................................ 274 Insecure Startup Items alert after log in.............................................................................................. 274 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 274 Mac OS X Maintenance Scripts................................................................................................................. 275 About the Mac OS X maintenance scripts.................................................................................................. 275 Manually running the maintenance scripts................................................................................................ 275 Why run the maintenance scripts manually?...................................................................................... 276 Reviewing the logs from maintenance scripts............................................................................................ 276 Verifying maintenance script execution...................................................................................................... 277 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 277 Mac OS X Standalone Updates.................................................................................................................. 278 About Mac OS X standalone updates......................................................................................................... 278 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 278 Mac-Windows Integration......................................................................................................................... 279 About Mac-Windows Integration............................................................................................................... 279 Caveats and limitations of Mac-Windows Integration...................................................................... 280 Troubleshooting Mac-Windows Integration.............................................................................................. 281 Resolving common Mac-Windows integration problems......................................................................... 281 Error -43 when using Windows file sharing....................................................................................... 281 Finder does not reflect additions to a Windows shared folder.......................................................... 281 Unable to connect to a Mac from Windows a computer................................................................... 282 Unable to connect to a Windows computer from a Mac................................................................... 282 Unable to copy files to a Windows computer from a Mac ................................................................ 282 Unable to find a Windows computer in the Network browser.......................................................... 282 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 283 Make Yourself the Owner of an Object .................................................................................................... 284 Determining privileges and ownership....................................................................................................... 284 Obtain Read & Write privileges and ownership of an object.................................................................... 285 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 285 Migration Assistant.................................................................................................................................... 286 About Setup Assistant and Migration Assistant......................................................................................... 286 Move to a new Mac from an old Mac......................................................................................................... 286 Move to a new Mac or Mac OS X installation from a backup................................................................... 287 Old Mac pre-migration checklist................................................................................................................ 288 New Mac pre-migration checklist............................................................................................................... 289 Post-migration activities.............................................................................................................................. 289 Troubleshooting Migration Assistant......................................................................................................... 290 Resolving common post-migration problems........................................................................................... 291 12 Contents Aperture 2 quits unexpectedly............................................................................................................. 291 Applications or preference panes do open after migration................................................................ 291 Network connection failed migrating from Mac OS X 10.4.11 ........................................................ 292 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 292 Mouse and Trackpad Problems................................................................................................................. 293 Troubleshooting mouse problems.............................................................................................................. 293 Troubleshooting trackpad problems........................................................................................................... 295 Resolving common mouse and trackpad problems................................................................................... 296 Black rectangle appears and follows the mouse pointer..................................................................... 296 Handwriting input menu does not appear in menu extras................................................................ 297 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 297 Networking.................................................................................................................................................. 298 About networking........................................................................................................................................ 298 Local networks...................................................................................................................................... 298 AirPort networks.................................................................................................................................. 298 Connecting to the Internet and Internet connection sharing............................................................ 300 File sharing............................................................................................................................................ 300 Networking in different locations........................................................................................................ 300 Remote access to your Mac.................................................................................................................. 301 Troubleshooting networks........................................................................................................................... 302 Resolving common networking problems.................................................................................................. 303 Cannot connect to .local hostnames................................................................................................... 303 Cannot connect to an 802.11n-only network..................................................................................... 303 Cannot connect to the Internet with a new AirPort base station...................................................... 303 Cannot download large files................................................................................................................ 303 Cannot join an iChat audio or video chat........................................................................................... 304 Cannot send or receive e-mail using Mail........................................................................................... 304 Cannot transfer files between Macs via Bluetooth............................................................................. 304 Error -50 downloading iTunes Store purchases.................................................................................. 304 Problems with simultaneously sharing files and connecting to the Internet.................................... 305 Internet connection terminates unexpectedly.................................................................................... 305 Web pages or downloads fail to load or complete, respectively......................................................... 305 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 306 Performance................................................................................................................................................ 307 About performance...................................................................................................................................... 307 Troubleshooting performance problems.................................................................................................... 308 Resolving common performance problems............................................................................................... 308 Process kernel_task using high CPU................................................................................................... 308 Processes mds, mdimport, and mdworker are using high CPU........................................................ 308 SystemUIServer shows high CPU usage or is frozen or hung............................................................ 309 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 309 Plug-ins and Input Managers.................................................................................................................... 310 About plug-ins and input managers........................................................................................................... 310 Plug-Ins................................................................................................................................................. 310 Input managers..................................................................................................................................... 312 Troubleshooting plug-ins............................................................................................................................ 312 User-installed vs. system-wide plug-ins.............................................................................................. 313 Problems with application-specific plug-ins....................................................................................... 313 Problems with plug-ins for Mac OS X technologies........................................................................... 314 13 Contents Preventing plug-in problems............................................................................................................... 314 Troubleshooting input managers................................................................................................................ 315 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 316 Printing and Printer Sharing..................................................................................................................... 317 About printing and printer sharing............................................................................................................ 317 Challenges in sharing Mac printers with Windows users................................................................... 318 Troubleshooting printing and printer sharing........................................................................................... 319 Troubleshooting printing..................................................................................................................... 319 Troubleshooting printer sharing.......................................................................................................... 319 Troubleshooting with CUPS................................................................................................................ 320 Resolving common printing and printer sharing problems...................................................................... 320 Cannot print to a printer connected via USB-to-Parallel cable or adapter....................................... 320 Canon wireless printers missing in Print dialogs............................................................................... 320 Scale option does not work when printing from Preview.................................................................. 320 Shared printers cannot be seen on the local network......................................................................... 320 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 321 Problems from Insufficient RAM and Free Disk Space .......................................................................... 322 About memory management in Mac OS X ............................................................................................... 322 Determining if your system is at risk.......................................................................................................... 322 Determine the available space on the startup disk ............................................................................ 323 Determine the amount of paging the system is performing.............................................................. 323 Permanently resolving the problems ......................................................................................................... 324 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 324 Reinstalling Mac OS X................................................................................................................................ 325 Reinstalling Snow Leopard.......................................................................................................................... 325 Erasing and reinstalling Snow Leopard...................................................................................................... 326 Reverting to a prior version of Snow Leopard........................................................................................... 327 Repair Disk Process.................................................................................................................................... 328 About Repair Disk........................................................................................................................................ 328 Repairing your Mac OS X startup disk................................................................................................ 328 Devices, partitions, and volumes in Disk Utility................................................................................ 328 General Repair Disk process........................................................................................................................ 329 Repair your Mac OS X startup disk............................................................................................................ 330 Repair volumes other than your startup disk............................................................................................. 331 Repair volumes using a bootable duplicate................................................................................................ 331 The emergency Repair Disk process........................................................................................................... 332 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 332 Repair Permissions Process....................................................................................................................... 333 About Repair Disk Permissions................................................................................................................... 333 Repair Permissions from your startup disk................................................................................................ 334 Repair Permissions from the Mac OS X install disc................................................................................... 335 Repair Permissions in Terminal.................................................................................................................. 336 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 336 Reset Home Folder Permissions................................................................................................................ 337 Resolving Disk, Permission, and Cache Corruption............................................................................... 338 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 338 Safe Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 339 About Safe Mode.......................................................................................................................................... 339 Performing a Safe Boot for Safe Mode........................................................................................................ 339 Safe Login..................................................................................................................................................... 339 Starting up in Safe Mode from the Startup Manager................................................................................. 340 14 Contents Scanners....................................................................................................................................................... 341 About scanners . .......................................................................................................................................... 341 Troubleshooting scanners............................................................................................................................ 341 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 342 Shutdown..................................................................................................................................................... 343 About shutdown.......................................................................................................................................... 343 Troubleshooting shutdown......................................................................................................................... 343 Resolving common shutdown problems.................................................................................................... 344 Cannot shut down while using Fast User Switching.......................................................................... 344 Mac restarts after shutdown................................................................................................................. 344 Mac will not shut down....................................................................................................................... 344 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 345 Sleep............................................................................................................................................................. 346 About Sleep.................................................................................................................................................. 346 Sleep vs. Shut Down............................................................................................................................. 346 Power management in Mac OS X........................................................................................................ 346 Troubleshooting sleep problems................................................................................................................. 347 Resolving common sleep problems............................................................................................................ 348 Computer does not sleep or wakes immediately after sleep.............................................................. 348 Computer does not wake from sleep................................................................................................... 349 Sleep is delayed..................................................................................................................................... 349 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 349 SMART Status.............................................................................................................................................. 350 Check SMART status using Disk Utility..................................................................................................... 350 Check SMART status from the Mac OS X install disc............................................................................... 351 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 352 Software Update.......................................................................................................................................... 353 About Software Update............................................................................................................................... 353 Should I update?................................................................................................................................... 353 Obtaining large software updates........................................................................................................ 354 Preventing software update problems................................................................................................. 354 Troubleshooting Software Update.............................................................................................................. 356 Software Update failures...................................................................................................................... 356 Problems from third-party system modifications or menu extras.................................................... 357 Problems with third-party hardware................................................................................................... 357 Recovering from a failed software update........................................................................................... 358 Resolving common Software Update problems......................................................................................... 358 Software Update quits when selected.................................................................................................. 358 Software Update quits while installing or checking for updates........................................................ 358 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 358 Sound........................................................................................................................................................... 359 About sound................................................................................................................................................. 359 Unfamiliar noises.................................................................................................................................. 359 Troubleshooting sound................................................................................................................................ 360 Resolving common sound problems.......................................................................................................... 360 Audio and sound issues with Intel-based Macs.................................................................................. 360 Audio devices do not work in Safe Mode............................................................................................ 360 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 360 15 Contents Spaces........................................................................................................................................................... 361 About Spaces................................................................................................................................................ 361 Getting the most from Spaces.............................................................................................................. 363 Troubleshooting Spaces............................................................................................................................... 363 General Spaces troubleshooting.......................................................................................................... 363 Disable Spaces....................................................................................................................................... 363 Reset Spaces.......................................................................................................................................... 364 Resolving common Spaces problems.......................................................................................................... 364 Disappearing windows, toolbars, or palettes in third-party applications......................................... 364 The Spinning Beach Ball of Death............................................................................................................ 365 About the SBBOD........................................................................................................................................ 365 Troubleshooting the SBBOD....................................................................................................................... 366 Resolving common SBBOD problems........................................................................................................ 366 The SBBOD appears frequently during your work............................................................................ 366 The SBBOD appears temporarily, but frequently in most applications............................................ 366 The SBBOD appears when accessing a hard disk or optical drive..................................................... 367 The SBBOD appears continuously in one application....................................................................... 367 The SBBOD appears continuously in all applications........................................................................ 367 The SBBOD appears when quitting a third-party application.......................................................... 368 The SBBOD appears while using Help................................................................................................ 368 The SBBOD and a “slow script” alert appear while loading a Web page........................................... 369 The SBBOD spins continuously while loading a specific Web page.................................................. 369 The SBBOD appears briefly, but frequently in your Web browser.................................................... 370 SBBOD appears for reasons other than those above.......................................................................... 370 Related Links................................................................................................................................................ 370 Spotlight...................................................................................................................................................... 371 About Spotlight............................................................................................................................................ 371 Indexing: extracting metadata from files........................................................................................... 371 Searching: querying metadata............................................................................................................ 373 Using Spotlight in Terminal................................................................................................................. 375 Stopping Spotlight indexing................................................................................................................ 375 Troubleshooting Spotlight........................................................................................................................... 376 Delete Spotlight preferences................................................................................................................ 376 Verify Spotlight indexing is enabled on a volume ............................................................................. 377 Rebuild the Spotlight metadata store.................................................................................................. 378 Enable indexing on a volume via Terminal......................................................................................... 378 Identify installed Spotlight plug-ins.................................................................................................... 379 Resolving common Spotlight problems..................................................................................................... 380 Disk images are not indexed when mounted...................................................................................... 380 Files created in a specific application are not found........................................................................... 380 Spotlight indexes disks or volumes unexpectedly............................................................................... 381 System Preferences search fails............................................................................................................ 381 Related Links................................................................................................................................................ 381 Startup . ....................................................................................................................................................... 383 About startup............................................................................................................................................... 383 Troubleshooting startup.............................................................................................................................. 383 Startup beeps and flashing lights......................................................................................................... 383 The computer will not turn on............................................................................................................ 384 The computer turns on but does not start up.................................................................................... 385 General startup troubleshooting......................................................................................................... 386 Resolving common startup problems......................................................................................................... 386 Cannot restart after inserting a CD that cannot be ejected................................................................ 386 Cannot start up after resetting PRAM................................................................................................. 386 Cannot start up from a Mac OS X Install disc.................................................................................... 386 16 Contents Grey progress bar appears during every startup................................................................................. 387 Startup is slow....................................................................................................................................... 387 Startup tone does not sound................................................................................................................ 387 Startup tone is too loud........................................................................................................................ 388 White text appears during startup....................................................................................................... 388 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 388 Startup and Login Items............................................................................................................................. 389 About Startup Items, Login Items, daemons, and user agents.................................................................. 389 Troubleshooting Startup and Login Items, daemons and agents.............................................................. 389 Troubleshooting Startup Items............................................................................................................ 390 Troubleshooting Login Items............................................................................................................... 390 Troubleshooting daemons and user agents......................................................................................... 391 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 391 System Preferences...................................................................................................................................... 392 About System Preferences............................................................................................................................ 392 Troubleshooting System Preferences........................................................................................................... 394 Delete System Preferences preferences and cache files....................................................................... 394 Corrupted preferences files.................................................................................................................. 394 Incompatible preference panes............................................................................................................ 395 Corrupted preference panes................................................................................................................. 395 Resolving common System Preferences problems..................................................................................... 396 Cannot set Desktop & Screen Saver preferences................................................................................. 396 Cannot set Energy Saver preferences................................................................................................... 396 Display preferences: “out of frequency range”.................................................................................... 397 Duplicate or missing preferences panes ............................................................................................. 397 Lingering preference panes from uninstalled applications................................................................ 397 Spotlight search of System Preferences fails........................................................................................ 398 System Preferences fails to open or quits unexpectedly..................................................................... 398 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 398 System Profiler............................................................................................................................................ 399 About System Profiler.................................................................................................................................. 399 Troubleshooting System Profiler................................................................................................................. 400 Delete System Profiler preferences....................................................................................................... 400 Resolving common System Profiler problems............................................................................................ 400 Cannot open System Profiler after migrating to a new Mac.............................................................. 400 iMac processor identified incorrectly.................................................................................................. 400 System Profiler fails to list some information..................................................................................... 400 System Profiler fails to show changes dynamically............................................................................. 401 System Profiler incorrectly reports stealth mode................................................................................ 401 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 401 Terminating a Process................................................................................................................................ 402 About terminating processes....................................................................................................................... 402 Terminating a process using Activity Monitor........................................................................................... 403 Terminating a process using Terminal........................................................................................................ 404 Time Machine.............................................................................................................................................. 405 About Time Machine................................................................................................................................... 405 How Time Machine works................................................................................................................... 405 Time Machine caveats.......................................................................................................................... 408 Should I use Time Machine? . ............................................................................................................. 410 Tips for network-based backup disks.................................................................................................. 410 17 Contents Sizing your Time Machine backup disk.............................................................................................. 411 Preparing an external drive for use as a backup disk.......................................................................... 412 Archiving Time Machine backups . .................................................................................................... 413 Avoiding common Time Machine problems...................................................................................... 414 Troubleshooting Time Machine.................................................................................................................. 415 General Time Machine troubleshooting............................................................................................. 415 Verify that the backup disk is available................................................................................................ 416 Restart a Time Capsule......................................................................................................................... 417 Reset Time Machine............................................................................................................................. 417 Troubleshoot a Time Machine backup disk........................................................................................ 418 Verify Backups...................................................................................................................................... 422 Resolving common Time Machine problems............................................................................................ 423 Backup disk image cannot be mounted alert...................................................................................... 423 Backup disk is full and related alerts................................................................................................... 423 Backup was not performed…error copying files alert....................................................................... 424 Identity of the backup disk has changed… alert................................................................................ 425 Previous Time Machine backups unavailable after installing Snow Leopard................................... 425 Time Machine must create a new backup… alert.............................................................................. 426 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 426 Trash ............................................................................................................................................................ 428 About Trash.................................................................................................................................................. 428 Trash architecture................................................................................................................................. 429 Troubleshooting Trash................................................................................................................................. 430 Empty and recreate an account’s Trash............................................................................................... 431 Stubborn Files....................................................................................................................................... 432 Empty and recreate an account-specific subfolder of a volume’s Trash............................................ 433 Empty and recreate a volume’s Trash.................................................................................................. 434 Resolving common Trash problems ......................................................................................................... 435 Files in use by other applications......................................................................................................... 435 Item will be deleted immediately alert................................................................................................ 436 Recovered files folder in the Trash....................................................................................................... 436 Removable media retains files from the Trash.................................................................................... 437 Request to authenticate or insufficient permissions alert ................................................................. 438 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 438 User ID Number.......................................................................................................................................... 439 Verify Disk Process..................................................................................................................................... 440 About Verify Disk......................................................................................................................................... 440 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................... 441 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 441 VCD and SVCD Players.............................................................................................................................. 442 About VCDs and SVCDs............................................................................................................................. 442 Creating VCDs and SVCDs with Mac OS X........................................................................................ 442 Using VCDs and SVCDs with home DVD players ............................................................................ 442 Mac OS X support for VCDs and SVCDs............................................................................................ 442 Third-party players............................................................................................................................... 442 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 443 18 Contents Zeroing Volumes......................................................................................................................................... 444 About zeroing volumes................................................................................................................................ 444 Zeroing volumes with Disk Utility.............................................................................................................. 444 Zeroing a volume other than your startup disk.................................................................................. 445 Zeroing your startup disk from the Mac OS X Install Disc................................................................ 446 Zeroing your startup disk from a bootable duplicate . ...................................................................... 447 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 447 Appendices................................................................................................................................................... 448 Appendix 1: System Logging...................................................................................................................... 449 System logging in UNIX-based systems..................................................................................................... 449 Apple System Logging.................................................................................................................................. 450 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 451 Appendix 2: Kernel Panic Vectors for Intel-based Macs.......................................................................... 452 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 453 Appendix 3: Spotlight Plug-ins.................................................................................................................. 454 Included Spotlight plug-ins......................................................................................................................... 454 Determining the document types indexed by a Spotlight plug-in............................................................ 455 Related links................................................................................................................................................. 455 Index............................................................................................................................................................. 456 Colophon..................................................................................................................................................... 467 19 Index Index Symbols 3ivx 134 32-bit 111, 311, 312 32-bit kernel 383 64-bit 111, 311, 312 64-bit kernel 383 802.11 83 802.11b 83 802.11g 83 802.11n 54, 83, 299, 303 .aif 359 .aiff 359 .dfont 211 .DS_Store 201, 280 /Library/Logs 148 ~/Library/Logs 148 .local 303 _NSAutoreleaseNoPool 150 .plist 118 /private/var/log 148 .sparsebundle 406 .Spotlight-V100 372 .Trash 429 .Trashes 280, 429 .wav 359 A About This Mac 399 Accelerate Your Mac 37 Access Control Lists 84 accounts Accounts preferences 393 moving to a new Mac 286–292 Parental Controls 86–88 passwords 81–82 renaming 393 ACLs 84 Active Directory 283 Activity Monitor 97–108, 308–309, 402–403 Address Book 310 ADSL 302 Advanced Encryption Standard 83, 85, 188 AES 83, 85, 188 AFP 54, 405, 408 agents 389 AIFF 359 AirPort AirPort Disks 53, 299, 408 AirPort Express 298 AirPort Extreme 298 AirPort Utility 299 base station printer 317 disabling 48, 300 equivalent passwords 299 Internet connection 300 networks 298–299 preferred networks 300 security 83 status lights 109 troubleshooting 302 turn off 48, 300 VPNs 302 wireless printers 317 alias 180, 182 antivirus 89 Aperture 29, 288, 291, 310 APM 405 appfirewall.log 83, 368 Apple Authorized Resellers 40 Authorized Service Provider 253 Consultants Network 40 contacting 44, 48 Developer 37 feedback 44 Retail Stores 36 security updates 80 support 72 Support Communities 37, 41, 70–71 Technical Support 48 user groups 36 AppleCare Knowledge Base 70, 72 AppleCare Protection Plan 43, 96 Apple Double Format 280 Apple Filing Protocol 54, 405, 408 Apple Hardware Test 238–239 Apple Partition Map 405 AppleScript 110 Apple System Logging 146, 450 AppleTalk 27, 300 Apple Wireless Keyboard 266, 270 applications 110–132 32-bit 111 64-bit 111 AppleScript 110 BSD 110 bundle 112 cannot open 127 456 Index Carbon 110 Classic 110, 288, 291 Cocoa 110 crash logs 155–158 default 113–116, 129 error code -10660 129 error code -10810 130 Force Quit 122 incompatible 28 input managers 312, 315 installing 112, 120, 128 Java 110 Mac OS X 110–111 migrating 286 open slowly 126 packages 112 plug-ins 63, 288, 291, 310–316 preferences files 118–119, 123, 126 preferred 113–116, 129 preventing problems with 119 quit unexpectedly 127 reinstalling 130, 131 repeated registration 132 Rosetta 111, 288, 291 stop responding 127 troubleshooting 120–131 uninstalling 119–120 Universal 111, 288, 291 unresponsive 127 WebObjects 110 wrong application opens 129 X11 110 archive 225 asl(3) 450 asl.conf 450 aslmanager 450 AssistiveWare 359 atsutil 213 audio 359–360 Audio MIDI Setup 360 Automator 193 AVI 133–134 B background processes 97 Back to My Mac 301 backup and recovery 49–60 backup 49 bootable duplicate 51 CDs and DVDs 53 cloud backup services 52 destination 49 disaster recovery 50, 54 FileVault 57 Internet-based 52 iPod 57 NAS 53–54 Network Attached Storage 53–54 off-site data protection 50, 54 recovery 49, 59 remote backup service 52 shared network volumes 53 source 49 Spotlight 57 Time Capsule 53, 414 Time Machine 49, 51, 405–427 wireless networks 57, 409 Backups.backupdb folder 406 bash 231 beach ball 365–370 BELPIC 81 Berkeley Software Distribution 110 Bezel Services 269 black rectangles 296 Bluetooth Apple Wireless Keyboard 266, 270 disabling 48, 300 file exchange 304 Internet connection 300 sleep 348 troubleshooting 302 turn off 48, 300 Bonjour 279, 303, 318, 320 bootable duplicate 51 Boot Camp 29, 111, 270 brightness keys 269 broadband 302 BSD 67, 110 burning 135–143, 442 C cable modem 300, 302 CAC 81 cache caching 144 cleaning 38, 144–145, 338 files 144 font cache 213 Canon 320 Caps Lock key 265 Carbon 110 CDs 53, 73, 135–143, 372, 386 Central Processing Unit 98–99 Cepstral 359 Character Viewer 186, 268 ClamXav 89 Classic 110, 226 Cocktail 38, 68, 124, 144, 213, 275 457 Index Cocoa 110 codec 133 com.apple.FontRegistry 214 Common Access Card 81 Compress 225 Connection failed alert 246 Console 146–158 contextual menu items 28, 193, 310 Core Audio 310 Core Image 310 Core Video 310 CPU 98–99 CUPS 320 D daemons 110, 389 Dashboard 159–170 DashboardClient 159, 168 Database Searches 146 data fork 280 data recovery 171–173 Data Rescue 172 data security 84–86 defragmenting 38, 64 deprecated 151 desktop background 307 DHCP 301 Diagnostic and Usage Information 146 dial-up 300, 302 disaster recovery 50, 54 disclaimer 24 DiscRecording.log 136 disk images 84–85, 174–178, 380 disk utilities 64–66, 172 Disk Utility 65 devices 328 disk images 84–85, 174–175 disks 328 erasing disks 171 error codes 329–331 journaling 65, 440 partitions 328 Repair Disk 328–332, 338 Repair Permissions 333–336, 338 SMART diagnostics 350–352 Verify Disk 440–441 volumes 328 DiskWarrior 65 display 397 DivX 133–134 DivX Doctor II 134 Dock 179–183, 307, 364 dos2unixtime 151 download validation 89 DriveSavers Data Recovery 172 DSL 300, 302 DVD Player 88, 442 DVD-RAM 142, 372 DVDs 53, 73, 135–143, 372 DVD Studio Pro 135 Dynamic DNS 301 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 301 E education 36–37 Eject key 265, 269 electrostatic discharge 42 encryption data 84–85 FileVault 85, 188 Wi-Fi networks 83 Energy Star 346 envelopes 317 error codes applications 129, 130 burning 137–140, 142 Disk Utility 329–331 Finder 200, 201 HVURLHandlerDomainError 247 iTunes 137 Mac OS X 67 Repair Disk 329–331 ESD 42 Ethernet 300 expansion cards 248, 346 Exposé 179, 181 ExpressCard 349 ext2 54 ext3 54 Extensis Suitcase Fusion 211 F Fast User Switching 85, 184–187 FAT 408 FAT16 210, 280 FAT32 54, 210, 280 feedback 44 FileMaker 408 file quarantine 89 files corrupted 205 hidden 193, 226, 372, 374, 429 invisible 193, 226, 372, 374 locked 203, 428 system 374 file sharing 300, 302 file system consistency check 66, 332 458 Index file system journaling 65, 440 FileVault 29, 85, 188–192 backup and recovery 57 Migration Assistant 288 Time Machine 408 Trash 429 Final Cut Express 189, 310 Final Cut Pro 189, 310 Final Cut products 30 Finder 193–204 application associations 113–116 cannot copy 203 contextual menu items 193, 310 .DS_Store files 201 error code -10660 201 error code -10810 200 hidden files 193 incorrect date 200 incorrect time 200 invisible files 193 Open With 202 preferences 195 Quick Look 202, 204 quits unexpectedly 200 Refresh Finder 194 relaunches 200, 201 relaunching 194 Secure Empty Trash 171, 428 Services 193, 203 sidebar 195, 202 Spotlight Comments 203 stops responding 201 Firefox 114, 369 firewall 83–84 FireWire 206–210 startup disk 383 Target Disk Mode 172, 207 firmware 346 firmware password 81, 265, 383 First Aid folder 68–69 flash drives 346, 436 Flip4Mac 279 fn key 265 FontAgent Pro 211 Font Book 217–224 FontDoctor 213 Font Finagler 213 Font Nuke 213 fonts 211–216 com.apple.FontRegistry 214 font cache 213 Fonts window 215 garbled text 215 management 211 performance 307 previewing 211 protected 212 validating 220 Fonts window 215 Force Quit 122 FreeBSD 37 freezes 228–233 fsck 66, 332 FTP 301 function keys 265 G GarageBand 189 Globally Unique Identifier 33, 53, 405 gparted 33 GPT 33, 53, 405 Griffin iMic 359 GSCIS 81 GUID 33, 53, 405 GUID Partition Table 33, 53, 405 H hangs 228–233 hard disks activity 103 available space 102, 225, 323 bad sectors 444 data recovery 171–173 defragmenting 38, 64 directory 64, 328, 440 erasing 444–447 FireWire 206–210 freeing space 225–227 journaling 65, 440 NTFS format 54, 210, 280, 408 partitioning 53, 210 repairing 328–332 sleep 234–237 verifying 440–441 zeroing 444–447 hard links 407 hardware Apple Hardware Test 238–239 testing 238–240 upgrading 40–43 hdiutil 175 help books 242 Help Viewer 241–247 HFS+ 66 HFS Plus 66 hibernation mode 346 hidden files 193, 372, 374–375 459 Index Home folder moving 227 permissions 337 renaming 393 hotspots 300 HVURLHandlerDomainError 247 hyperlinks 22 I iCal 359 iChat 89, 304 iCloud 306 iDisk 344, 408 iDVD 27, 128, 130, 135 IEEE 83 iLife 131 iMac 400 Image Capture 310, 341 iMic 359 immutable bit 438 immutable flag 438 iMovie 184, 189 incompatible software 28 Indeo 133 input managers 28, 312, 315 input methods 311 Interface Builder 310 Internet connecting 300 safety for children 86–88 security 83–84, 89 troubleshooting 302 Internet Protocol Security 84 Internet Service Provider 74 invisible files 193, 372, 374–375 iOS 226 iPad 226 IP address 301, 305 ipfw 84 iPhone 34, 226, 251 iPhoto 31, 135, 310 iPod 57, 383, 408 iPod touch 34, 226 IPSec 84 ISP 74 iSync 128, 310 iTunes backup DVDs 283 error code -50 137 iTunes Store 289, 304 Library 59, 226 Parental Controls 88 quits unexpectedly 130 visual effects 307 visualizer plug-ins 310 iWork 30 J Jaguar 288 Java 110 journaling 65, 440 JPKI 81 K Kerberos 271 kernel 250, 383 kernel extension 250, 255 kernel panics 250–264 panic logs 155, 256–264 panic vectors 452–453 kernel_task 308 keyboard 265–270 Apple Wireless Keyboard 266, 270 Boot Camp 270 brightness keys 265, 269 Caps Lock key 265 Character Viewer 186, 268 disinfecting 270 Eject key 265, 269 fn key 265 function keys 265 Keyboard Viewer 186, 268 mappings in Windows 270 no visual feedback 269 numeric keypad 269 one key fails to work 269 preferences 265 shortcuts 265, 267, 270 sounds when typing 269 volume keys 269, 270 Keyboard Viewer 186, 268 Keychains 82, 271–273 Keychain Access 271 Keychain First Aid 271 kill 232, 404 killall 232, 404 L L2TP 84 LAN 298, 302 language localizations 226 laptops 48, 73, 300 launchd 276 Launch Services 113–114, 124–125, 145, 201 Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol 84 LCD 346 Leopard 27 460 Index Linux 29, 54 Little Snitch 84, 89 locations 300 LOCKSS 50 login 81, 274 Login Items 389–391 logs Console Messages 146, 450 crash logs 154–158 Database Searches 146 DiscRecording.log 136 log files 148 maintenance scripts 276–277 panic logs 155, 256–264 system.log 148, 449 system logging 449–451 lsregister 125 M Mac buying 42–43 hardware upgrades 40–43 integrating with Windows 279–283 record keeping 73–74 remote access 301 serial number 74, 399 MacAcademy 36 MAC address 406, 418 Mac App Store 87, 112, 120, 353 MacBook 126, 386 MacBook Air 126, 291 MacBook Pro 207, 386 mac-boot 385 Mac Diary 74 MacDrive for Windows 210, 280 Mach Interface Generator 152 Mac OS 9 226 Mac OS Extended 66, 280 Mac OS X applications 110–111 background processes 97, 402 backup and recovery 49–60, 405–427 books 36 build information 278, 399 documentation 37 error codes 67 feedback 44 hardening 90 incompatible software 28 integrating with Windows 279–283 learning 36–37 maintenance 38–39 memory management 322 multithreading 156 power management 346 preventing problems 46–48 processes 97, 402 reinstalling 325–327 security 80–90 switching to 36 updates 278 version 399 Web sites 37 Mac OS X Hints 37 Mac portable 48, 73, 300 Mac Pro 207, 360 MacUpdate 112 MacVCD X 442 MacWindows 37, 281 Mac-Windows Integration 279–283 Mail 89, 304, 435 mailing labels 317 maintenance scripts 38, 275–277 malware 89 man pages 37 Master Boot Record 33 MasterJuggler 211 mdfind 375 mdimport 308, 375 mdls 375 mds 308, 372 mdutil 375 mdworker 308, 372 memory card readers 236 memory leak 150 Memtest 239 menu extras 309 metadata 371 metadata store 372, 378 Microsoft Entourage 408 Microsoft Exchange Server 279 Microsoft Office 368 Microsoft Windows 279–283 MIDI 31 MIG 152 Migration Assistant 30, 43, 286–292 MobileMe 59, 74, 128, 169, 182, 273, 301, 306 modem 300, 302, 306 Motion 310 mouse 293–297 Mozilla Firefox 114, 369 Plug-In Check 369 Thunderbird 408 MS-DOS format 280 461 Index N NAS 53–54, 408 NAT 83, 298, 301 Network Address Translation 83, 298, 301 Network Attached Storage 53–54, 408 Network Diagnostics 302 networks 298–306 connection monitor 84, 89 international travel 300 locations 300 network activity 104 Network Diagnostics 302 remote access 301 security 83–84 Network Utility 302 nib 152 noises 359–360 Norton AntiVirus 89 notational conventions 23 NTFS 54, 210, 280, 408 numeric keypad 269 O ODBC Administration 30 off-site data protection 50, 54 OmniDiskSweeper 226 OmniWeb 114, 369 Oracle VirtualBox 111 O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. 37 ownership 284–285 P Pacifist 130, 131 package 112 packet trace 306 page-ins 100–101, 322, 323 page-outs 100–101, 322, 323 paging 100, 322 panic logs 155, 256–264 Parallels Desktop 111, 408 Parental Controls 86–88, 182 partition 53 Password Assistant 81 passwords 81–82 performance 307–309 FileVault 189 fonts 221 paging 100, 323 RAM 100–101, 322 spinning beach ball of death 365–370 troubleshooting 97–108 Perian 134 peripherals 40–43, 248–249 permissions changing ownership 284–285 Home folder 337 repairing 39, 46, 333–336 Personal Hotspot 251 Personal ID Verification 81 PGP Desktop 29, 33 PIV 81 plug-ins 28, 310–316 Migration Assistant 288, 291 Spotlight 311, 371–372, 454–455 pmset 235 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 84 portable computers 48, 73, 300 ports 83, 306 POST 383 Power-On Self Test 383 power outages protecting against 75–78 recovering from 78 power surges 78 PPP 302 PPPoE 302 PPTP 84 prebinding 39 preferences files 118–119, 123, 126 Preferential Treatment 62, 68, 121 Preview 320, 341, 435 Previous Systems folder 226 printers AppleTalk 27 base station printer 317 wireless 317 printer sharing 317–321 printing 317–321 processes defined 97, 402 sampling 107 terminating 105–106, 402–404 Property List Editor 68 Prosoft Data Rescue 172 ProtectedFonts folder 212 public key fingerprint 231 Put Back 428 Q quarantine 89 Quick Look 198–199, 202, 204, 311 QuickTime 31, 133–134, 183, 184, 311, 442 R RAID 383 RAM 100–101, 239, 307, 322–324 462 Index recommendations 24 Recovered files 436 Refresh Finder 194 reinstalling applications 130, 131 Mac OS X 325–327 Rember 239 remote access 301 Remote Disc 143, 280 Repair Disk 328–332, 338 Repair Permissions 39, 46, 333–336, 338 Reset Safari 131, 272, 273 resource fork 280 restart 75, 185, 233, 344 root 47 Rosetta 31, 111, 288, 291 routers 83, 302, 303, 305 Roxio Toast 442 RSA key fingerprint 231 S Safari download validation 89 extensions 311 quits unexpectedly 131 Reset Safari 131, 272, 273 Safe Boot 339 Safe Login 339 Safe Mode 339–340 audio devices 360 Font Book 219 fonts available 212 safe sleep 251, 346 Samba 54 Sample Process 107 SBBOD 97, 235, 365–370 scanners 341–342 screen saver 30, 311, 346, 396 screen sharing 301 SCSIAction 152 searching 373–375 SecureMac 80 Secure Shell 301 security 80–90 antivirus 89 data 84–86 download validation 89 file quarantine 89 FileVault 85, 188–192 hardening 90 Keychains 82, 271–273 malware 89 networks 83–84 new applications 89 Parental Controls 86–88, 182 passwords 81–82 physical 80 smart cards 81 spyware 84, 89 Startup Items 383 updates 80 serial number 74, 399 Services 193, 203 Setup Assistant 30, 43, 286 shell 231 shell scripts 110 Shirt Pocket SuperDuper! 51 shutdown 343–345 automatic by UPS 77 Fast User Switching 185 scheduled 347 USB 344 via Terminal 232 vs sleep 346 sidebar 195, 202 SilverFast 341 single-user mode 265 sleep 346–349 hard disks 234–237 hibernation mode 346 safe sleep 251, 346 scheduled 347 sleepimage 251, 349 USB 348 vs shutdown 346 Wake on Demand 300, 317, 346 sleepimage 251, 349 SMART 350–352 smart cards 81 Smart Folders 373 SMB 54, 281, 283 Software Update 353–358 deciding to update 353 downloading 354 failed updates 358 preventing problems 354–355 problems after 356–358 sound 269, 359–360 Spaces 361–364 sparse bundle 174, 188, 406 sparse image 174, 188 speech recognition 359, 360 spindump 365 spinning beach ball of death 97, 235, 365–370 spinning disc pointer 97, 235, 365–370 spinning wait cursor 97, 235, 365–370 spoken commands 359, 360 Spotlight 371–382 463 Index backup and recovery 57 CDs 372 disk images 380 DVD-RAM 372 DVDs 372 hidden files 372, 374–375 indexing 371–372, 375, 377 invisible files 372, 374–375 mdfind 375 mdimport 375 mdls 375 mds 372 mdutil 375 mdworker 372 metadata importers 310, 311 metadata store 372, 378 performance impacts 308 plug-ins 311, 371–372, 454–455 Raw Query 375 rebuilding indices 378 searching 373–374 Smart Folders 373 Spotlight Comments 203 Spotlight Window 373 system files 374–375 System Preferences search 381, 398 Terminal commands 375 Uniform Type Identifiers 372, 455 spyware 84, 89 SSH 228–232, 301 startup 383–388 32-bit kernel 383 64-bit kernel 383 FireWire startup disk 383 firmware password 383 gray screen 34 grey progress bar 339, 387 iPod startup disk 383 keyboard shortcuts 265, 270 RAID startup disk 383 scheduled 347 security 383 slow 387 tone 387, 388 USB startup disk 383 Startup Items 383, 389–391 Startup Manager 340 stealth mode 401 Stickies widget 162, 167, 168 StuffIt Deluxe 225 sudo 46, 47 Suitcase Fusion 211 SuperDrive 135, 138, 142, 236, 349 SuperDuper! 51 Superuser 47 Super Video Compact Disc 135, 442–443 support agreements 96 surge protection 78 SVCD 135, 442–443 swap files 322 Symantec Norton AntiVirus 89 SyncServices 408 syslog(1) 450 syslog(3) 449 syslogd 449, 450 System Events.app 34 system files 374–375 system immutable bit 438 system immutable flag 438 system.log 148, 449 system logging 449–451 System Preferences 392–398 32- vs 64-bit 111, 392 Desktop & Screen Saver 30, 396 Displays 397 duplicates 397 Energy Saver 235, 346, 347, 396 missing 397 preference panes 291, 311, 392, 395 Preferences Error 395 quits unexpectedly 398 removing preference panes 397 Spotlight search 381, 398 System Profiler 135, 399–401 SystemUIServer 309 T tcsh 231 TechTool Deluxe 240 TechTool Pro 66, 172, 240 Terminal 36, 37, 46, 404 test accounts 61–63 text-to-speech 359 The X Lab 24, 37 thrashing 100, 323 thread 156 Thunderbird 408 Ticket Viewer 271 Tiger 27, 288, 292 Time Capsule archiving 413 as AirPort base station 298, 303 as backup device 53, 405, 420 firmware 426 restarting 417 sizing 411 sparse bundle 406 status light 109 464 Index Time Machine 405–427 AirPort Disks 408 archiving 413 backup disk 405, 411–412, 418–421 backup drive 418 Backups.backupdb folder 406 FileMaker databases 408 FileVault 408 kernel panic 251 missing backups 35 NAS 408 Network Attached Storage 408 resetting 417–418 shared network volume 421 sparse bundle 406 Verify Backups 422 vs third-party backup solutions 49, 51 Toast 442 top 231, 323 trackpad 295–297 training 36–37 Transitional Security Network 299 Trash 428–438 emptying 225 recovering files from 171 Secure Empty Trash 171 troubleshooting Activity Monitor 97–108 AirPort 109, 302 applications 120–131 Bluetooth 302 burning 136–143 CDs 136–143 Console 153 daemons and agents 389–391 Dashboard 163–168 disk images 175–178 Dock 181–183 DVD-RAM 142 DVDs 136–143 Fast User Switching 185–187 file sharing 302 FileVault 190–192 Finder 193–204 FireWire 207–210, 248–249 Font Book 222–224 fonts 213–215 freezes and hangs 228–233 general procedure 95–96 hard disks 328–332, 338, 350–352, 440–441 hard drive sleep 236–237 hardware 96, 238–240 Help Viewer 243–247 input managers 315 installation 32–35 Internet connections 302 kernel panics 252–254 keyboards 266–270 keychains 272 log in 274 login 274 Login Items 389–391 Mac-Windows integration 281–282 Migration Assistant 290–292 mouse 293–297 networks 302–306 passwords 81–82 performance 97–108, 308–309 peripherals 248–249 permissions 333–336 plug-ins 310–316 printer sharing 319–321 printing 319–321 Quick Look 198–199 shutdown 343–345 sleep 347–349 software 95 Software Update 356–358 sound 360 Spaces 363–364 spinning beach ball of death 365–370 spinning wait cursor 365–370 Spotlight 376–382 startup 383–388 Startup Items 389–391 System Preferences 394–398 System Profiler 400–401 Time Machine 415–427 trackpad 295–297 Trash 430–438 USB 248–249 VPNs 302 TSN 299 TWAIN SANE 341 U Uniform Type Identifier 372, 455 uninstalling 119–120 Uninterruptible Power Supply 75–79 Universal applications 111, 288, 291 universal binary 111 Universally Unique Identifier 258, 425 UNIX 110 update prebinding 39 UPS 75–79 USB 248–249 flash drives 346, 436 modem 255, 306 465 Index shutdown 344 sleep 348 software debuggers 240 startup disk 383 user agents 389 User ID number 439 UTI 372, 455 UUID 258, 425 X V Y VCD 135, 442–443 Verify Disk 440 Video Compact Disc 135, 442–443 VideoHelp 134, 442 VirtualBox 111 Virtual Memory 100–101, 322 Virtual Network Computing 301 Virtual Private Networks 84, 299, 302 VLC 134, 442 VM 100–101, 322 VMware Fusion 111, 408 VNC 301 voices 359 volume keys 269, 270 VPN 84, 299, 302 VueScan 341 Yasu 38, 68, 125, 144, 213, 275 W Wake on Demand 300, 317, 346 warranties 40, 96, 172 WebObjects 110 Web Sharing 301 WEP 83, 299 WhatSize 226 widgets 159–170 Stickies widget 162, 167, 168 Web Clip widgets 159, 169 Wi-Fi 83, 299, 300 Wi-Fi Protected Access 83, 299 Windows Bonjour Print Services 318 Boot Camp 111, 270 file sharing 279, 281–282 integrating with Macs 279 MacDrive for Windows 210 printer sharing 279, 317, 318, 319 Windows Media files 279 workgroup 279 Wired Equivalent Privacy 83, 299 wireless printers 317 WPA 83, 299 WPA2 83 WWAN 306 X11 110 X509Anchors 152 Xcode 68, 310, 455 X Lab, The 24, 37 XML 119 Xsan 30, 405 Z zeroing 444–447 466
