Altec AT CLASS

Transcription

Altec AT CLASS

HAbc
AltecAT CLASS
AT3O.G.AT35.G.AT37-G
Manual
Operator's
Altec Industries, Inc. reservesthe right to improve models and change specificationswithout notice.
749-20094
April 1998
Copyright@1998by AltecIndustries'Inc.
or storedin a
by anymeans,
maybeusedor reproduced
Nopartof thispublication
All rightsreserved.
databaseor retrieval system,without prior written permissionof the publisher.Making copies of any part
of this publication for any purposeother than personaluse is a violation of United Statescopyright laws.
AltecIndustries,Inc.
MidwestDivision
St. Joseph.Missouri
SafeQBulletin
Electrical Continuity Hazard
Always wear insulated protective equipment, use conductor cover-ups, and maintain required clearances when in the vicinity of energized conductors.
Aerial devicesand digger derricks with insulatedbooms can only isolate the operatorfrom grounding through the
boom and vehicle. They cannotprovide protectionagainstphase-to-phase
or phase-to-ground
contactsoccurring
at the boom-tip, abovethe insulatedboom sections.
Boom-tipsof aerialdevicesand digger derricks,of necessity,must containmetal components.Metal conducts
electricity. Moreover,undercertaincircumstances,
and to varying degrees,electricitywill track acrossor through
non-metalliccomponents(fiberglasscoversand structures,hoses,etc.). Electricity can even arc through air.
Thus, the boom-tip of an aerial device or a digger derrick must be considered conductive!
If any part of the boom-tip contacts an energized conductor, the entire boom-tip, including the control
handle, must be considered energized.
If any part of the boom-tip contacts a grounded object, the entire boom-tip, including the control
handle, must be considered grounded.
\
\
Hydraulicfluid is flammable. If electricityflows throughthe boom-tip,it can causethe hydraulicfluid to burn or to
explode. Contact by any part of the boom-tip with an energized conductor while the boom-tip also is in
contact with another energized source or a grounded object can cause the hydraulic fluid at the boomtip to burn or explode.
Theseare among the reasonsaerial devicest and digger derricksare never consideredprimary protectionfor the
operator from electrical contact. An operator's primary protection comes through use of protective
equipment (insulated gloves, insulated sleeves,conductor cover-ups) and maintenance of appropriate
clearances.
Do not rely on the bmm-tip of an aerial device or digger derrick to protect you fnom an energizedconductor or a
Sound. It cannot do so. Rely, instead, on the only things that can protect you, use of appmpriate prrtective
and maintenance of appropriate clearances.
' ExceptANSI CategoryA units
LimitedWarranty
Inc. are warrantedto be
by AltecIndustries,
Productsdesignedand manufactured
at the time of initialdeliverysubjectto
free from defectsin materialand workmanship
provisions:
the following
For one (1) year followinginitialdeliveryof the product,Altecwill,at its
option,repairor replaceany partfoundby Altecto be defectivein material
Duringthe firstninety(90)
at the time of initialdelivery.
or workmanship
days followinginitialdelivery,no chargefor parts,laboror travelto the
at the
customer'slocationshall be madefor such repairor replacement
of suchone (1) year,no charge
customer'slocation.Duringthe remainder
at an Altec
for partsor laborshallbe madefor suchrepairor replacement
servicefacility.
ownsthe product,Altecwill, at its
For so long as the initialpurchaser
foundby
option,repairor replaceany ol the followingmajorcomponents
Altecto be structurally
impaireddue to defectsin materialor workmanship
links,
whichexistedat the time of initialdelivery:booms,boomarticulation
pedestals,
subbases,
outriggerweldments,
hydrauliccylinderstructures,
and reel liftingarms.No chargelor partsor
turntables,
body structures,
when performedat an
laborshallbe madefor such repairor replacement
Altec servicefacility.The limitedwarrantyin this paragraph(2) does not
coverwear components.
This limitedwarrantydoes not cover:(a) productswhich have not been
operated and maintainedin accordancewith Altec operatorsand
manuals,programsand bullelins;(b) productswhich have
maintenance
not been mountedin accordancewith ,Altecinstallationprocedures;(c)
productsnot manufactured
by Altecwhichare suppliedby Altecon special
order;(d) productswhichare repairedwithoutusingoriginalAltecparts;or
(e) transportation
or deliveryto an Altecservicefacilityor the customer's
location.
This limited warrantyis expresstyin tieu of any other warranties,expressor implied,
including,but not limited to, any warrantyof merchantabilityor fitnessfor a particular
purpose. Except as specifiedabove, no associate,agent or representativeof Altec is
authorizedto extend any warrantyon Altec's behalf. Remediesunder this limited
warrantyare expresslylimited to the provisionand installationof parts and labor, as
specifiedabove, and any claims for other loss or damagesof any type (including,but
not limited to, loss from failure of the product to operatefor any period of time, other
economic or moral loss, or direct, immediate, special, indirect, incidental or
consequentialdamage)are expresslyexcluded.
Hffi.
Altec lndustries,Inc.
Revised 3-96
w-1
0
o
0
{
LimitedWarranty
Productsdesignedand manufactured
by Altec lndustries,
Inc. are warrantedto be
free from defectsin materialand workmanship
at the time of initialdeliverysubjectto
provisions:
the following
For one (1) yearfollowinginitialdeliveryof the product,Altecwill,at its
option,repairor replaceany partfoundby Altecto be defectivein material
or workmanship
at the time of initialdelivery.Duringthe firstninety(90)
days followinginitialdelivery,no chargefor parts,laboror travelto the
at the
customer'slocationshall be madefor such repairor replacement
of suchone (1) year,no charge
customer'$
location.Duringthe remainder
at an Altec
for partsor laborshallbe madefor suchrepairor replacement
servicefacility.
ownsthe product,Altecwill, at its
For so long as the initialpurchaser
foundby
option,repairor replaceany of the followingmajorcomponents
Altecto be structurally
impaireddue to defectsin materialor workmanship
links,
whichexistedat the time of initialdelivery:booms,boomarticulation
pedestals,
subbases,
hydrauliccylinderstructures,
outriggerweldments,
and reel liftingarms.No chargefor partsor
body structures,
turntables,
when performedat an
laborshallbe madefor such repairor replacement
Altec servicefacility.The limitedwarrantyin this paragraph(2) does not
coverwear compon6nts.
This limitedwarrantydoes not cover:(a) productswhich have not been
operated and maintainedin accordancewith Altec operatorsand
maintenancemanuals,program$and bulletins;(b) productswhich have
not been mountedin accordancewith Altec installationprocedures;(c)
productsnot manufactured
by Altecwhichare suppliedby Altecon special
order;(d) productswhichare repairedwithoutusingoriginalAltecparts;or
(e) transportation
or deliveryto an Altecservicefacilityor the customer's
location.
This limited warrantyis expresslyin lieu of any other warranties,expressor implied,
including,but not limited to, any warrantyof merchantabilityor fitnessfor a particular
purpose. Except as specifiedabove, no associate,agent or representativeof Altec is
authorizedto extend any warrantyon Altec's behalf. Remediesunder this limited
warrantyare expresslylimited to the provisionand installationof parts and labor, as
specifiedabove, and any claims for other loss or damagesof any type (including,but
not limited fo, /oss from failure of the product to operatefor any period of time, other
economic or moral loss, or direct, immediate, special, indirect, incidental or
consequentialdamage)are expresslyexcluded.
Altec Industries,Inc.
Revised 3-96
w-1
-!
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
ST.JOSEPH,MISSOURI
UNITREGISTRATION
INFORMATION
IMPORTANT
UNIT WARRANTY
periodon yournewALTECunitbeginsat the unit
Pleasenotethatthe 12 monthwarranty
your
facility.
delivery/in-service
dateat
thattheattached
cardbe
of anywarranty
claim,it is important
In orderto insurethecorrectprocessing
your
lf
the
card
is
not
returned
within
60
days
ALTECDivisionlistedbelow.
filledout and returnedto
to
the
in-service
date.
will
be
understood
be
of the delivery of the unit, the unit delivery date
for
responsible
Pleasefindthestatethatyouarelocatedin andfillin theaddressof theAltecDivision
yourareaon theaddresssideof theattached
card.Placetheproperpostageon thecardandplaceit
in a mailbox.
Forthestatesof: Colorado,
lowa,
Kansas,Missouri,
Nebraska,
New
Texas,& WyoMexico,Oklahoma,
ming
Arkansas,
Forthestatesof:Alabama,
Kentucky,
LouisiFlorida,
Georgia,
NorthCarolina,
ana,Mississippi,
Tennessee,
&
SouthCarolina,
Virginia
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES.
Operations
Southern
P.O.Box10264
AL 35202
Birmingham,
DelaForthestatesof:Conneticut,
ware,Maine,Massachusetts,
MaryNew
land(eastern),
NewHampshire,
Jersey,NewYork,Pennsylvania
(eastern),
Rhodelsland,& Vermont
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES.
EasternDivision
250LairdStreet
Plains.
PA 18705
Forthestatesof: Alaska,Arizona,
ldaho,Montana,
Hawaii,
California,
Oregon,Utah,& Washington
Nevada,
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
Division
Western
325IndustrialWay
Dixon,CA 95620
Indiana,
Forthestatesof: lllinois,
North&
Minnesota,
Ohio,Michigan,
SouthDakota,
& Wisconsin
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
Forthestateof: Pennsylvania
(western),
WestVirginia,
&
(western)
Maryland
NofihernDivision
P.O.Box 681308
Indianapolis,
lN 46268
CommonwealthUtilityEquipmentCo.
P.O.Box 1503
Butler,PA 16001
Forall of Canada:
LTD.
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
831 Nipissing
Road
Milton,Ontario
Canada LgT 424
Forallexoortcustomers:
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
ExoortDivision
P.O.Box10264
AL 35202
Birmingham,
H
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES.
MidwestOperations
Road
2106SouthRiverside
St.Joseph,MO 64507
ALTEC UNIT REGISTRATIONCARD
ALTECModelNo.
ALTECSerialNo.
CompanyName:
Address:
City:
State:-
Zip:
ContactName:
PhoneNumber:
Date Placedin Service:
rm6-96
Customer
TruckNo.:
CustomerServiceDepartment
Altec Industries,Inc.
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
INC.
ST. JOSEPH,MISSOURI
UNITREGISTRATION
D e a rA l t e cO w n e r
The attachedregistrationcard(s)are to remainin this manualuntil the ALTECunit
and manualare placedinto the possessionof the secondor third owner.At that time,
lNC.,
card should be completedand mailedto ALTECINDUSTRIES,
the appropriate
can be
manufacturer
user communications
to updateour mailinglist so that necessary
sentdirectlyto the new owner.
H
ALTECUNITREGISTRATION
CARD
(3rdOWNER)
A L T E CM o d e l N o .
ALTEC Serial No.
CompanyName:
Address:
City:
ContactName:
P h o n eN u m b e r :
State:Title:
Date Placed in Service:
PreviousOwner:
Address:
City:
H
Zio:
Customer
TruckNo.:
State:
z i p:
ALTECUNITREGISTRATION
CARD
( 2 n dO W N E R )
ALTEC Model No.
ALTEC Serial No.
CompanyName:
Address:
City:
State:
Contact Name:
zip:
Title:
P h o n eN u m b e r :
DatePlacedin Service:
PreviousOwner:
Address:
City:
L-
CustomerTruckNo.:
State:
zip:
1STCLASS
POSTAGE
REQUIRED
DEPT.
CUSTOMER
SERVICE
INC.
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
Rd.
2106S. Riverside
St. Joseph,MO 64507-9799
1STCLASS
POSTAGE
REQUIRED
SERVICE
DEPT.
CUSTOMER
ALTECINDUSTRIES,
INC.
2106 S. RiversideRd.
St. Joseph, MO 64507-9799
ry
This unit is electricallyinsulated.
(Asdesigned)
RatedLineVoltage
l tr- kV
Category-U
QuafificationVoltageJle-tV
DateUnitTested,
Manual).
is required(refertoMaintenance
Periodicretesting
withANSI492.2.
Thisunitcomplies
- ElectrocutionHazard
[O"nSer
Maintainsafeclearancesfrom electricalpowerlinesand apparatus.
Allow for platformsway,rock or sag.
This unit doesnot provideprotectionfromcontactwithor proximity
to an electricallychargedconductorwhenyou are in contactwith or
in proximityto anotherconductoror any groundeddevice,material
or equipment.
s
Deathor seriousinjurywill resultfrom such contactor inadequate
clearance.The operator of this unit must be familiar with and
understandthe safetyinformationin the manualandon the placards
beforeoperatingthe unit.
f\warnins
Beforeoperatingthe unit, read and understandall operatingand
safety informationin the manualand on all placards.
Keeppeopleawayfrom the vehiclewhen operatingthe unit.
v
OperatingInstructions
1. Set parkingbrakesandputwheelchocksin place.
2. Do notexceedplatformcapacity.
leaksor physicaldamage.
3. Inspectunitfor looseobjects,hydraulic
andmoisture.
cleanliness
materialfor
boomandallinsulating
4 Checkinsulated
5. Startengineandengagepowertake-off.
lockingvalves
andcloseoutrigger
6. Properlyextendalloutriggers
(ifso equipped).
on firmand levelground.
thatthisunitbe operated
7. lt is recommended
pads,if necessary.
Useoutrigger
on a slope,extendthe boomoverhighsideonly.
8. Whenoperating
9. Usethe fallarrestsystem.
beforerotatingbooms.
to clearall obstructions
10. Raiseboomssufficiently
movements.
slowlyforsmooth
11. Operatecontrols
givenin the manual.
3-oo
12. Inspectandserviceunitperthe instructions
Preface
This unit is the resultof Altec'sadvancedtechnologyand qualityawarenessin design,
engineering
and manufacturing.
At the time of deliveryfrom the factory,this unit met or
exceededall applicablerequirements
of the AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute.All
information,
illustrations
and specifications
containedwithinthis manualare basedon the
latestproductinformation
available
lt is essential
thatall personnel
at thetimeof publication.
involvedin the useand/orcareof thisunitreadand understand
the Operator'sManual.
Givenreasonable
set forthin the manuals
careand operation,
according
to the guidelines
provided,this unit will providemany years of excellentservicebeforerequiringmajor
maintenance.
Neveralteror modifythisunitinanywaythatmightatfectthestructural
integrity
or operational
lnc. Unauthorized
characteristics
withoutthe specificwrittenapprovalof AltecIndustries,
alterations
willvoidthe warranty.
that
or modifications
Of greaterconcern,is the possibility
unauthorizedmodification
couldadverselyaffectthe safeoperationof this unit,resultingin
personalinjuryand/orpropertydamage.
.
IDanger
Units that are not insulatedcarry no dielectricrating.Deathor serious injury could
result from contact with energizedconductors.Always maintainsafe clearance,as
defined by your employer,from energizedconductors.
s
No unitcan provideabsolutesafetywhenin proximity
No unit is
to energizedconductors.
designedor intendedto replaceor supersede
any protective
deviceor safeworkpractice
relatingto work in proximityto energizedconductors.
When in proximityto energized
accepted
conductors,
thisunitshallonlybe usedbytrainedpersonnel
usingtheircompany's
workmethods,safetyprocedures
equipment.
Trainingmanualsareavailable
andprotective
from a varietyof sources.
for eachparticular
situation
workprocedures,
Set-uprequirements,
andsafetyprecautions
are the responsibility
involvedin the useand/orcareof this unit.
of the personnel
U
4.
Table of Contents
Section1 - lntroduction
AboutThisManual...
..............
{
{}
1
..........
Section2 - Unit Specifications
Purpose
of theUnit
................
General
Specifications
Component
ldentification
ReachDiagrams
........3
........................
3
..................
5
............6
Section 3 - Safety
SafetyInstructions
Capacity
Accident
Prevention
Signs.........
Accident
Prevention
SignsDiagram
...............
.......13
......................
13
.......................
13
14
................
Section4 - BeforeYou Operate...
andStability
Capacity
NearEnergized
Conductors
.............
Operation
DailyPreoperational
Inspection
Inspection
Diagram
Preparing
forOperation
.................
ColdWeather
Start-Up
19
......................
19
....................
.....20
..................21
....................22
23
...................
Section5 - Operation
GroundLevelControls
................
Outriggers
lnterlock
System
Platform
Tilt...-.-----.-.LowerGontrols
UpperControls
lnterlock
Platform
Leveling
Platform
Rotation
Articulating
Arm...........
UpperToolCircuit
Va|ve.........
Emergency
Lowering
Emergency
DCPump
Operating
ROACS-3...
Booms
Lower8oom.........
UpperBoom.........
BoomStorage
..............
Rotation
PersonnelPlatform
Platform
Stationary
Rotation
Platform
PlatformLevelingSystem
......................
25
............25
....................
25
.-.-..-..-..-..26
...........
26
...........
26
.............-.27
.....................27
..........-.......-..27
............28
....................
28
...............28
................28
29
...................
.......................29
29
...................
....................
29
29
...........
......................
30
.......................
30
.................
31
....................
31
.......31
Section6 - EmergencyOperation
OperatingFromLowerControls
FromOtherControls
Operating
Emergency
DCPump
Operating
ToggleSwitch
AirCylinder
Captive
ROACS-3
.....33
.....33
.......................
33
......34
.................
34
,............
U
Emergency
Lowering
Va1ve..........
ManuallyLowedng/Stowing
the Unit............
Rotating
theTumtable...............
Lowering
theArticulating
Arm
Lowering
theBooms
Retracting
theUpperBoom.........
RaisingtheOutriggers...............
Auxiliary
PowerSources
......................
34
......34
..................
35
.....................
35
.................
36
................
36
..................
37
.................
37
U
I
Section7 - Gareof the Unit
HydraulicSystem
Fiberglass
Structures
andMechanicalSystems
Appendix
Glossary
Troubleshooting
Chart
I
i
.........39
.....................
39
..................
39
l
i
I
I1
II
I
Section 1 About This Manual...
for the
This manualprovidesstep-by-step
instruction
of theunit.Becomefamiliarwiththeunitandits
operation
capabilities
beforeusingtheunitonthejob.Thismanual
is writtento providean understanding
of theunit,safety,
propersetupandoperation.
)'/,/
Introduction
numberfound on the serialnumberplacardand the
manualpail numberfromthe frontcoverto assurethat
thecorrectmanualwill
be supplied.
thismanualto lf,]
Thissymbolis usedthroughout
LAl
:,',"Ji
J['Jf
i;
illffi
ii:i:if''1::Ti[:iil13
reducethe likelihoodof seriousinjuryancl/orproperty
Chartsand figuresare providedto supportthe text. damage.
Becauseoptionsvaryfromonemodelto another,some
figuresmayonlybea representation
ofwhatisactuallyon Thetermsdanger,wamingandcautionrepresent
varying
theunit.
degreesof seriousinjuryand/orpropertydamagethat
arenotfollowed.
instructions
couldresultifthepreventive
for additional
infor- Thefollowing
Contactthe followingorganizations
paragraphs
explain
fromANSIpublications
mation.
eachterm.
. AmericanNationalStandards
lnstitute(ANSI)
492.2for aerialdevices;A10.31for diggerderricks
. AmericanWeldingSociety(AWS)
. Hydraulic
(HTMA)
Association
ToolManufacturefs
. FluidPowerSociety(FPS)
. AmericanSocietyforTesting
(ASTM)
andMaterials
. Occupational
and
Health
Administration
Safety
(osHA)
. AmericanPublicPowerAssociation
(SafetyManualforan ElectricUtility)
. EuropeanCommittee
(CEN)
for Standardization
The Appendixcontainsreferenceitemsto assistin unit
operation.
A glossaryof industrytermsis providedfor
your convenience.
This glossaryprovidesan understanding
of theindustrytermsandphrasesusedin Altec
manuals.
Throughout
themanual,thetermunitis usedto
andthe
describethe Altecdevice,subbase,outriggers,
interfacewiththe vehicle.
associated
Danger
lndicatesan imminentlyhazardous situation
which, if not avoided, will result in death or
seriousinjury.Thissignalwordis to be usedin
themostextremesituations.
Warning
I ndicatesa potentiallyhazardous situation which,
if not avoided,couldresultin death or serious
injury.
Caution
I ndicatesapotentiallyhazardoussituationwhich,
if not avoided,may resultin minor or moderate
injury.lt may alsobe usedto aleft againstunsafe
practices.
Thetermattentionis usedto alertpersonnelof special
oftheunitorinstrucinformation
to assistintheoperation
prevent
of
the possibility
must
be
followed
to
tionsthat
or otherproperty.
Additional
copiesof thismanualmaybeorderedthrough damageto structures,
components
yourAltecrepresentative.
Supplythe modeland serial
U
Section1 - lntroduction.1
a/
a,
lu/
2. Section 1 - lntroduction
Section 2-
Unit Specifications
Thearmand linkmaybe equippedwithfiberglassinsulators.The
linkinsulatorprovidesa
minimum
of32inches
gapinthearticulating
armassembly.
Thearm
Thisunithasbeendesignedand builtfor seruiceto the of isolating
utilityindustry.lt canbe usedin the installation,
seruice, insulatorprovidesa minimumof 12 inchesof isolating
armassembly.
Thepurposeof the
andrepairof utilitylinesbyraisingpersonnel
andmaterial gapinthearticulating
insulators
is to isolatethevehiclefromthe boom,should
to the workstation.
comeintocontactwithor inclose
theboominadvertently
proximity
conductor.
to an energized
Purpose of the Unit
General Specifications
TheAT30-Ghasa telescopic
boomandtheAT35-Gand
AT37-Ghavea telescopic
boomandanarticulating
arm.
Theboomdoesnottravelovercenter.
TheAT30-Ghasa
lowerboommovementof 93.5degrees;from 13.5degreesbelowhorizontalto80 degreesabovehorizontal.
TheAT35-GandAT37-Gusean articulating
armandan
extendible
boomdesignto positionpersonnelin
thework
position.The articulating
arm is capableof movement
from7 degreesbelowhorizontal
to 90 degreesabove
horizontal.
An additional76 inchesof upwardreachis
gainedwhenthe articulating
armis lullyraised.
Movementof the lowerboomis through100 degrees;
from25 degreesbelowhorizontalto75 degreesabove
horizontal.
Theupperboomson bothunitsareableto be
extended9 feet 10 inchesfromwithinthe lowerboom.
Unit heightspecifications
are basedon 36-inchframe
height,but commonframeheightsvary from 29 to 40
inches.Figure2.3 providesthe general unit specifications.
lnsulationor isolationcapabilitiesdependon proper
commaintenance
testingof thefiberglass
anddielectric
ponents.As with any insulatedunit,thereare limitsto
protectionthatcan
beprovided
bytheunit.Someofthose
limitations
are presentedin this manualin Section4
NearEnergized
Conductors.
underOperation
BothunitsareANSIratedfor insulatedaerialdevicesas
a CategoryC (46 kV and below).This ANSI ratingis
stampedon the serialnumberplacardlocatedon the
pedestalof the unit.Dielectric
testingof the fiberglass
are necessaryto
components
and propermaintenance
maintainoptimumdielectricprotection.
Figure 2.2 - AT35-G Aerial Device
$:
Section2 - Unit Specifications. 3
-ED
AT3O.G
CategoryC
46kVandbelow
Item
Insulated
Maximumgroundto bottomof platform- endmountedt
Maximumgroundto bottomof platform- sidemountedt
Maximum
workingheight- endmountedr
Maximum
workingheight- sidemounted'
Maximumsidereach- endmounted
Fixedend hungand 180degree,platformrotator
90 degreeplatformrotator
Maximumsidereach- sidemounted
Travelheight
Articulating
armarticulation
Articulating
armisolation
Boomarticulation
in degrees
Boomisolation
Upperboomextension
Rotation
Maximumhydraulicsystempressure
Hydraulic
flowrequirement:
aerialdevice/tools
Oil reseruoir
capacity
Platformcapacity- fixed
Platformcapacity- rotating
Platformrotator- endmounted
Platformrotator- sidemounted
30.z',
30.3',
35.z',
3s.3',
23.6'
23.g',
21.6',
10.s',
28.s',
28.7',
28.3',
28.7',
26.6'
26.6'
10'
-7 to 90
-7 to 90
10'
12',
NA
12',
-25to75
-251o75
-13.5to 80
35',
35"
35',
116',
116',
116',
ContJnoncont. Cont./noncont. Cont-/noncont.
2,400psi
2,400psi
2,200psi
3.5/5.0gpm
3.5/5.0gpm
3.5/5.0gpm
7 gallons
7 gallons
7 gallons
300/350/400lbs 300/350/400lbs300/350/400lbs
300/350lbs
300/350lbs
300/350lbs
180degrees
180 degrees
180degrees
90 degrees
90 degrees
90 degrees
rBasedon 36 inchframeheight
Figure2.3 - Unit Specifications
4. Section2 - UnitSpecifications
AT35.G
AT37-G
CategoryC
CategoryC
46kVandbelow 46kVandbelow
37.s',
35.8',
36.0',
37.6',
42.s',
40.9'
42.6'
41.O',
.$l$
Upper
PlatformMounting
BoomTip
BracketPin
Lower
Cylinder
Leveling
Extension/
Cylinder
LowerBoom
LowerBoomPin
Turntable
PlatformLeveling
Cvlinder
Lift
Cylinder
Lower
Upper
Controls
UpperBoom
Mechanical
RotationStop
BoomRe
Bracket
Platform
Platform
Mounting
Bracket
Outrigger
Controls
AT3O.G
LowerBoomPin
UpperBoomTip
PlatformMounting
BracketPin
UpPer
Lower
Extension
CylinderLowerBoom Boom
Cylinder Leveling
PlatformLeveling
Cylinder
Lift
Cylinder
Articulating
Arm
Platform
Platform
MountingBracket
Arm
Articulating
Cylinder
LowerControls
Mechanical
RotationStop
Boom
RestBracket
Pedestal
\:
AT35.CJAT37.G
Section2 - Unit SPecifications. 5
4.9
?.4
I
6.1
METERS
32
v.t'
?4
t.5
20
o. I
t6
4.9
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8
2.4
4
1.2
I
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81?162024
AT7UG - 36' Chassis 9id*Mounted Platfom
1.2
1?
2.4
3.7
4.9
6.1
METERS
11.0
9.8
3Z
R5
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81216ZO24
- 29'Chassis SideMountedPlattorm
ATSO-G
6. Section2 - Unit Sp*ifications
METERS
1.2
11.O
9.8
8.5
7.3
o.
I
4.9
3.1
rll
--lD*
-
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AT3&G - 36'Chassis End-MountedPlattorm
t.a
2.4
3.7
4 .9
IUETERS
9.8
tJ.f,
(.J
6.1
4.9
3.7
2.4
t.L
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4
812
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tr4o(rl^
16?O24
AT30-G- 29'Chassis End-MountedPlattorm
Section2 - Unit Specifications. 7
1.2
40
2.4
5. I
4.9
METERS
-
1?
?
36
r1.o
32
9.8
za
8.5
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6. r
to
4.9
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2.4
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1.2
o
o46re16zo24zE
J'
AT35-G- 36'Chassis Sid*Mounted Platform
40
METERS
12.2
-
36
11.0
5l
9.8
td
8.5
24
1.3
20
6.1
to
4.9
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3.1
8
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t.2
o
uo
FEET40481216202428
AT35-G- 29' ChassisSideMountedPlatform
8. Section2 - Unit Specitications
J'
rrl
J.l
METERS
4.9
-
40
l?
2
rr.0
?A
9.8
6.5
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1.5
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o
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FEET404E12162024ZA
AT35-G- 36'Chassis End-MountedPlattorm
METERS
12.2
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40
1l.o
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4.9
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TEtr I
32
40481?1620?4ZA
AT3S-G- 29' ChassisEnd-MountedPlatform
6-99
Section2 - Unit Specffications,9
aa
4.9
7.3
6.5
METERS
1 3. 4
tz.?
r1.0
9.8
5.J
t.J
o. I
4.9
3.7
2.4
1.?
AT37-G- 36'Chassis SideMountedPlatform
1. ?
2.4
3.7
4.9
E.5
METERS
13.4
1?.2
il.o
9.8
7.3
6.1
4.9
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FEET4046tz16?o24?A
AT37-G- 29- Clrassis Side-MountedPlatform
10. Section2 - Unit Specifications
3?
t.z
?.4
12.?
11.0
9.6
E.5
|.3
6.r
4.9
3.7
2.4
1.2
AT37-G- 36'Chassis End-MountedPlatform
8.5
METERS
- 13.4
122
11.0
9.6
8.5
7.3
6.I
4.9
3.7
?.4
1.2
0
FEET404Et216Z0?4?832
AT37-G- 29' ChassisEnd-MountedPlatform
Section2 - UnitSpecifications.11
Ub
,\
I
12. Section2 - UnitSpecifications
1
Section 3 -
\0'
Safety
the platformwithoutoverloading
the unit.The platform
capacitycan be found on the serial numberplacard
This unitis manufactured
withcontrolcovers,noncon- locatedon the turntable.A sampleplacardis shownin
ductivefiberglass
components,
interlocks,
holding
valves, Figure3.1. Beforeliftinga load,determine
thetotalweight
andsafetydecalsto reducethelikelihood
of anaccident. to be liftedby the unit,includingpersonnel,
tools,mateSafetyalertsthroughout
themanualhighlight
situations
in
rial,and liner.Comparethattotalweightto the capacity
whichaccidentscan occur.Pay specialattentionto all
listedon the serialnumberplacard.
safetyalerts.
Safety lnstructions
It is very importantthat all personnelact quicklyand
responsibly
inanemergency,
knowingthelocation
ofthe
controlsandhowtheyoperate.Keepanytoolsor equipmentneededto pedormmanualoperationsin a wellmarked,designated
area.
Â.
!\Danser
This unit does not provide protectionfrom contact
with or proximityto an electricallychargedconductor when you are in contact with or in proximity to
anotherconductoror any groundeddevice,material
orequipment.Deathorseriousinjurywillresultfrom
such contactor inadequateclearancefrom an energizedconductor.
It is impossibleto foreseeall situationsandcombinations for the use of the unit. The operator bears
ultimate responsibilityfor following all regulations
and safetyrulesof theiremployerand/oranystateor
federallaw.
Knowledge
of the information
in thismanualandproper
trainingprovidea basisfor safelyoperatingthe unit.
Followtheprocedures
inthismanualwhen
operating
the
unit.
GeneralOperatinglnformation
. Be awareof the surroundings.
. Performthe DailyPreoperational
Inspection
before
operatingthe uniteachday.
. Properlyset up the unitbeforemovingthe booms
fromthe rest.
. Operatethecontrolssmoothly,
avoidingsuddenstarts
andstops.
. Neverexceedthe listedcapacityvalues.
HAbc#3W;:fri':.,,^
uooer- l------l
No.
SERTAL
C A P A C I TPYE RP L A T F O R M
TorAL pLATFoRM(sl
cApAcrry oF ENTTRE
uNrr [-t
pLATFoRM
NUMBER
sercHr I---l
oF plrrroavts) f-_l
MAxTMUM
HyDRAULTc
sysrEM pREssuRE
sETTTNG
l--t
uNrr rs EourppED
FoR MATERTAL
vesl-l
HANDLTNG
r-as
rr
psr
"o
E
EEFOREOPERATING
UNIT. REAO AND UNOERSTAND
ALt OPERATINGAND SAFEIY
INFORMATION
IN MANJAL AND ON ALL PLACAROS,
IF YOU OO NOT HAVE MAMJAL OR. IF PLACARDSARE MISSING/I,'NREADABLE.
PLEASECALL 816-364-2?44 FOR ASSISTANCE.
O P E R A T I OA
NN D I N S T R U C T I O N S
I. SET PARKING ERAKE AND PUT WHEEL CHOCKS IN PLACE.
2 , D O N O T E X C E E OP L A T F O R MC A P A C I T Y .
3. CHECK UNIT FOR LOOSE OBJECTS, HYDRAULIC LEAKS. OR PHYSICAL
DAMAGE .
4. CHECK INSULATED BOOM AND ALL INSULATING MATERIAL FOR
CLEANLINESSAND MOISTURE.
5. START ENGINE ANO ENOAGE POWER TAKE OFF.
6. PROPERLYEXTENO ALL OUTRIGGERSAND CLOSE OUTRIGGERLOCKING
VALVES. IIF 50 EOUIPPEO)
7. IT IS RECOMMENDEO
THAT THIS UNIT BE OPERATEO ON FIRM AND
LEVEL GROUNO. USE OUTRIGGERPAOS IF NECESSARY.
6. WHEN OPERATINGON SLOPES, EXTENO SOOM OVER HIGH SIDE ONLY
9. WEAR YOUR FALL ARREST EOUIPMENT.
IO RAISE BOOMS SUFFICIENTLYTO CLEAR ALL OBSTRUCTIONSBEFORE
R O T A T I N G8 O O M S ,
I I . O P E R A T EC O N T R O L SS L O W L Y F O R S M O O T HM O V E M E N T S .
I2. INSPECT AND SERVICE UNIT PER INSTRUCTIONSGIVEN IN MANUAL-
WARNING
AWAYFROMTHISTRUCKWHENOPERATING
UNIT I
I KEEPPEOPL€
T H I S U N I T I S E L E C T R I C A L L YI N S U L A T E D
RATEO LINE VOLTAGE
ouALrFrcAroN
volrece I---------l
DATEUNITTESTEO
xv
cArEGoRy
PERIOOICRE-TESTING I5 REOUIREDISEE INSTRUCTIONMANUALI
T H I S U N I T C O M P L I E SW I T H A N S I , / S I AA 9 2 . 2
Figure3.1 - Serial NumberPlacard
Accident Prevention Signs
Thisunitwasequipped
withaccidentprevention
signsat
thetimeofmanufacture.
lfforanyreasonanyoftheseare
lostor becomeillegible,replacements
maybe obtained
fromyourAltecrepresentative.
Thelocation,partnumbersand descriptions
of all placardsare listedin the PartsManual.
Platformcapacityof the unit is the totalweightof the
personnel,
tools,material,andlinerthatmaybe liftedby
Section3-Safety.13
Accident Prevention Signs Diagram
35.00
EN! OF BOET
TIP TO PIN
StreetSide
CurbSide
35.00
N! oF lo0H
IIP TO PIN
StreetSide
CurbSide
AT35-CI/ATS7-G
AT3O.G/AT35.G/AT37'G
14.Section3-SafetY
r\|il
"lT
(y
Section3-Safety.15
It,
5
ANUNTRAINED
OPERATOR
HIMSELF
AND
SUBJECTS
TO
OTHERS
INJURY
DEATTI
ORSERIOUS
YOUMUSTNOTOPERATE
THISIIACHINEUNLESS
oYou hlvo bcm tralncd In thc ceh operatlon
otthb unlt
oYou hsya nad, undcrutand and follow
the cafaty and operdng tocommcnddons
codalned In thc unlt mrnutacfrm/s
manuals, tlour cmployc/r work rules and
appllcablegovuruncnt nguhtona
oYou ars surul|tc unlt ls operatlng
properfy and hag been inspected and
malntalnod ln accordanca wi8r $e
menulacfrrn/a mlnualr.
rYou aru sult that all safety signq guardc
and other eafety feetrrcs at€ in place
and ln prcprrcondition,
llb
I
lu
l6.Section3-Safety
I
ACAUTION
USE PROPER TOFOUE ON ROTANON
BEARINGMOUNNNGCAP SCREWS.
1sn6"iliI.-&
15/16" HEX,-r-.r.
-(
GREEN HEAri
cAp scREw
)
V-fu
ilx?T.*i
1s0 FT-LB
(203N-m)
SEE MAINTENANCE
MANUALFOB PBOPER
INSTALLANON
PROCEDURE
ANOTORQUING
AND RETOROUING
TIME INTERVAL.
rT |s IMPORTANT
TO KEEP CAP SCREWS
PROPERLY
TOROUEDTO PREVENT
FASTENER
FANGUEAND CONSEOUENT
MACHINE
DAMAGE.
1.670.40210
9
SectionS-Safety.17
o{U,
18.Section3-SafetY
i
I
Section 4 -
Before You Operate...
All personnel
involvedin the useand/orcareof thisunit
mustknowthe locationandunderstand
theoperation
of
eachcontrolontheunit.Controlstations
arepointedout
in Component
ldentification.
Operation
of thecontrolsis
explainedin Section5.
Capacity and Stability
Operation Near Energized Gonductors
!\Danger
It is impossibleto loreseeall situationsand combinations for the use of the unit. The operator bears
ultimateresponsibilityfor following all regulations
andsafetyrulesof theiremployerand/orany stateor
federallaw.
Maximumcapacityof the platformis statedon the serial
numberplacard.Thisplacardis locatedonthetumtable.
Capacityvaluesindicatetheratedloadlittingcapacity
of This unit is manufactured
with nonconductive
compothe unitand do notindicatevehiclestability.
nents.Whenthesecomponents
are properlyusedand
maintained,
the unitwill performits functionas an insu^4,
latedaerialworkplatform.The unitis manufactured
to
meetANSIdielectric
!\warning
requirements
in effectat thetimeof
Do not exceedthe capacity values indicatedon the
its manufacture.
The ratingsof the unitmustbe known
capacityplacards.Death,seriousinjury,and/orprop
andunderstood
by its users.
erty damagecould result.
Onlyqualifiedoperators
who arefullytrainedand profiPark on a firm surface before operatingthe unit. cientshouldusethisunitnearenergized
conductors.
All
Always use parking brakes and wheel chocks.On
personnelusing
thisunitmustunderstand
thehazardsof
units equippedwith outriggers,use of outriggersis
contactwith energizedconductors,for the protectionof
mandatory.On such units, outriggersmust be ex- themselves,
theircoworkers,
andthe public.
tendedas instructedunderOutriggers,
andoutrigger
pads should be used on all unpavedsurfaces,as. Electricity
seeksearthgroundby any meansavailphalt pavementand other soft surfaces.
able.Non-insulated
units,orinsulated
unitsnotknown
to be in goodcondition,
mustnot be takencloseto
Itis impossible
to foreseeallsituations
andcombinations
energized
prescribe
conductors.
OSHAregulations
forsetupoftheunit.Establish
criteriaforstableoperation
minimumclearances
requiredfor suchequipment.
of the unitbasedon actualconditions,
workprocedures,
Contactby the operator'sbodywith an energized
and experience.
The ownerand operatorbearultimate
conductorcan providea path for the electricityto
responsibility
for insuringthatthe unitis properlysetup.
reachgroundthrougha poorlymaintained
or noninsulated
unit.
I\Warning
Do not permituntrainedpersonnelto usethis equipment.
Understandthe stabilitycharacteristicsof this unit
beforeusing it.
Attention
Usingthe unit in an unsafemanneror overloadingthe
unit can causeweld fatigueand eventualfailure.
Stability,
or resistance
to tipping,is determined
by many
factorsincludingthe sizeandweightof thechassisand
the locationof the unitmounting
onthechassis.
Theunit
maybe equipped
withoutriggers
to helpstabilize
theunit
whileit is in use.Beforeoperating
theunit,settheparking
brake,andchockthewheels.Properly
settheoutriggers
as describedin Section5 underOutriggers.
A
!\Caution
Operatethe controtssmoothly,avoidingsuddenreversalsin directionor abruptstartsor stops.
7-98
A_
!\Danser
This unit does not provide protection from contact
with or proximityto an electricallychargedconductor when you are in contactwith or in proximity to
anotherconductoror any groundeddevice,material
or equipment.Deathor seriousinjurywil I resultfrom
such contact or inadequateclearancefrom an energizedconductor.
. Thefiberglass
boomandintemalupperboomcomponents
willisolatetheoperator
fromgroundthrough
thelowerboomandvehicle,providetheyareclean,
dry, free from tracking,and in good condition,as
established
by dielectrictestingand extendedto
provide35inchesofclearfiberglass
andtheplatform
is in the workingposition.Utilitypoles,crossarms,
hardware,
etc.,mustbe considered
by the operator
asgrounded.
Theunitcannotprotectfrombodycontactwithan energized
conductorandanygrounded
equipment
on or in contactwiththe pole,including
neutralwires.
Section4 - BeforeYouOperate.... 1g
The fiberglassplatformwill not provideprotection
againstelectricalcontinuity.Properlyfitted with a
liner,the platformwill offersomeprotectionfor the
lowerextremities
of the operato/sbody.lt cannot
protectagainstcontactbetweenan operatorand
eithertwo conductorsor a singleconductorand
groundedelementsof the pole.
Occupantsof a fiberglassplatformmustnot touch
twoconductors,
or a conductor
anda grounded
wire
or component,
becausedeathor seriousinjurycan
result.
An insulated
lowerarmisavailable
whichwillprovide
protection
limiteddielectric
between
theriserandthe
vehicleif it is clean,dry,andin goodcondition.
This
fiberglasssection,althougha dielectricelement,
doesnot havea dielectricrating.
Daily Preoperational Inspection
Inspecttheunitat thebeginning
of eachworkdaybefore
goingout on thejob. Potentialserviceand safetyproblemsmaybe detectedby inspecting
the uniteveryday.
itemsduringthedailypreoperational
Checkthefollowing
(refertoInspection
Diagram).
inspection
lf anyproblemis
stopand
found,including
oilleaksor improperoperation,
correctthe problembeforecontinuing
the inspection.
1. Positionthe uniton a levelsurface.Withthe boom
and outriggersstowed,checkthe oil level in the
hydraulicreservoir.
The oil levelmust be approximatelytwo inchesfrom the top of the reservoir.lf
necessary,
addthe propertypeand gradeof oil as
Manual.The needto
in the Maintenance
described
add oil regularlyindicatesa leak in the hydraulic
systemthat shouldbe corrected.
Contactby conductivecomponents,
or anynonconCaution
ductivecomponentnot properlymaintainedand
dielectrically
tested,with an energizedconductor Usecaretoavoidslippingand/orfallingwhengetting
may energizethe entirevehicle.lf the vehiclebe- on or off the unit or when entering or exiting the
comesenergized,it is an extremehazardto anyone platform.
who mighttouchthe vehicleor unit.All personnel
must remainclear of the vehicleor unit any time
2. Visuallyinspecttheunit'spins,fasteners,
andwelds
boomsare elevatednearenergized
wires.
cylinders,
forlooseness
ordamage.Checkhydraulic
hoses,tubes,andfittingsforleaksordamage.Repair
. Tools,supplies,and metalcomponents
of the unit
or defectivecompoor replaceanyloose,damaged,
maybe conductive
andshouldbe usedwithcare.
nentsbeforeoperating
the unit.Givespecialattentionto thefastenersof thefollowingcomponents.
. Hydraulicoil mustbe keptfree of waterand other
. Articulating
contaminants
to maintainits dielectricproperties.
armpivotpins(armand link)
. Articulating
periodically.
Sampleandtestthe hydraulic
oil
Never
armcylindermountingpins
. Lowerboompivotpin
pour automotivebrakefluid or antifreezeinto the
. Lowerboomcylindermountingpins
hydraulicsystembecauseof theirabilityto conduct
. Upperboomextension
electricity.
cylindermountingpins
. Levelingcylindermountingpins
. Upperlevelingbracketpivotpin
hazardous
In additionto thesehazards,otherpotentially
. Platformmountingbrackets
situations
mayendangerpersonnel.
Personnel
mustbe
. Platformrotatorpin
awareof and practiceall regulationsand safetyrulesof
. Rotationbearing
theiremployerand/orany stateor federallaw.
. Rotationgearbox
. Pedestalmounting
lf it is necessary
that
to changeor replaceanycomponent
is a partof the upperboomor articulating
arminsulation,
Thisincludes
boom,
theunitmustbedielectricallytested.
3. Checkvisualand audiblesafetydevicesfor proper
toollines,controllines,etc.lfthereis anydoubtaboutthe
operation.
Replacemissingand/orillegibleplacards
oilorinsulating
compodielectric
strengthofthehydraulic
beforeoperatingthe unit.
dielectrically
nentsbecauseofcontamination
ordamage,
testthe unit.
4. lnspectthe fiberglassupper boom,arm and link
sections
fordiftanddamage.Also,checkforchipped
It is recommended
that all tests be thoroughlydocufiberglass
surfaces.
orscratched
Anyof thesecondiin a permanent
mentedandthat recordsbe maintained
tionscouldreducethe dielectricpropertiesof the
file.
fiberglass.
Cleanthe fiberglassas describedin the
Maintenance
Manual.
20. Section4 - BeforeYouOperate...
I
,1
Inspection Diagram
\t}
Operating
Emergency
System
SteelTubes
Fasteners/
CapScrews
Platform
Bracket
Platform/Liner
Boom
FiberolassUPPer
\ Controls
Fasteners/
\
\
CapScrews
\'
Boom/Arm/Link
Sections
Fiberglass
Pins
Cylinders
Counterlcalance
Valves
Platform
MountingBracket
Fiberglass
Emergency
OperatingSystem
AT35.G/AT37-G
v
purposes
only'
isfor representational
Thisdiagram
allcomponents'
properly
inspecting
lor
responsibility
bearsultimate
Theoperator
Section4 - BeforeYouOperate...'21
A
!\Danger
Keepthe lanyardused with the OSHAapprovedfall
arrestsystem in placeand in good condition.Never
replaceit with a lanyardof ditferentlengthor conductive material.
Thefiberglassplatform,at the boomtip area,will not
protectagainstelectricalcontinuity.The fiberglass
platform, properly fitted with a platform liner, will
offer some protectionfor the lowerextremitiesof the
operator's body. lt cannot protect against contact
betweenan operator and either two conductors or a
singleconductorand groundedelementsof the pole.
/a --llWarning
OSHArequiresall occupantsof the platformuse an
appropriateOSHAapprovedfall arrestsystem.
l,
[Gaution
The interlocktriggershould be fully engagedbefore
the control handleis movedin any direction.Moving
the handlebeforeengagingthe triggercan produce
suddenandroughmovementoftheplatform.Releasing the interlocktrigger beforecenteringthe control
handlecan producesuddenand abruptstoppingof
movement.
5. Applythe parkingbrake,chockthewheels,startthe
engine,and engagethe hydraulicsystem.Withthe
outriggersstowed,testtheoutriggerinterlocksystem
by placingthe lower boom controlin the Raise
position.lf boom movementoccurs,the outrigger
properly.
interlocksystemis notfunctioning
propcurs,theinterlocksystemis notfunctioning
erly.
Whiletheunitisoperating,
b. Operateeachfunction.
look for oil leaksfrom the hydrauliclines and
components.
c. Operatea controlwiththe emergencyhydraulic
shutdownpushedin. lf movementoccurs,the
properly.
emergency
shutdownis notfunctioning
9. Testtheoverridesystematthe lowercontrolstation.
Whenthe stationselectoris in the LowerControl
position,
When
theuppercontrolsshould
notfunction.
thestationselectoris in the UpperControlposition,
the uppercontrolsshouldfunction.The lowercontrolsmustoverridethe uppercontrols.
Attention
The DC pump is for emergencyoperatinguse only.
Do not run the pump over three minutes continuously.Damageto the pumpand/ormotor can result.
10. lf the unitis equippedwithan emergency
operating
DC pump,checkthissystemfor properoperation.
Preparing for Operation
Beforeusingthis uniteachday,performthe procedure
lnspection.
Thisunitmaybe
underDailyPreoperational
withthefollowingprocedureon
operatedin accordance
firm surfacesthat are levelor have up to a five degree
slope.
1. Position
thevehiclesothereachoftheunitcangetto
theworkto be done.
Â,
Makesuretheoutriggers
6. Properly
settheoutriggers.
operateproperly.Checkforoil leaksfromtheoutrig!\warning
Park on a firm surface before operating the unit.
ger cylinders.
Always use parking brakes and wheel chocks. On
Caution
mandatory.On such units, outriggersmust be exWhentesting the operationof the interlocksystem, tendedas instructedunderOutriggers,andoutrigger
the platformand boomsshouldbe in such a position pads should be used on all unpavedsurfaces,asthat no damage can result from unexpectedmove- phalt pavementand other soft surfaces.
ment.
Itis impossible
andcombinations
7. With no personnelin the platform,operateeach forsetupoftheunit.Establish
workprocedures,
functionfrom the lowercontrolsat the tumtable. of theunitbasedon actualconditions,
Whiletheunitis operating,
lookforoilleaksfromthe andexperience.
responsibility
for insuringthatthe unitis properlyset up.
hydrauliclinesandcomponents.
8. Testthe operationof the uppercontrols.
a. Operatethe singlehandlecontrolwithoutengaging the interlocktrigger.lf boommovementoc22. Section4 - BeforeYouOperate...
2. Placethetransmission
in neutral,applythe parking
brake,andchockthewheels.Applythesupplemental holdingbrake,if so equipped.
!
$
(PTO).Refertothe PTO
3. Engagethe powertake-otf
for the transmanufacture/s
operatinginstructions
missionand PTOprovided.
4. Movethetruck/machine
selectorswitchinthecabto
position.
theMachine
^
!\caution
getting
Usecaretoavoidslippingand/orfallingwhen
on or off the unit or when entering or exiting the
platform.
/
v
A,
l\Warning
Onlyusehydraulicoil as recommended.Otherfluids
addedto the hydraulicsystemcan increasecomponentwear,affectthelubricatingcharacteristicsof the
oil, or destroythe insulatingcapabilityof the unit.
Attention
Do not use the Tool Circuit to warm the oil as the
automaticthrottlemaycausethe pumpto operateat
a higherspeedcausingdamage.
the upper
Thehydraulic
oilmaybewarmedby operating
position(oroperating
articulating
the
boom
in
Retract
the
5. lf thetemperature
outsideis below32degreesFahrpositionontheAT35-G)while
enheit,warmthe hydraulicoil beforeoperating
the armcylinderintheRetract
outthe extensioncylin'
is
By
bottoming
the
unit
stowed.
forwarmingtheoil is described
unit.The procedure
cylinder,
the hydraulicoil will
arm
der
or
the
articulating
Do not
in thissectionunderColdWeatherStart-Up.
pump,
systemreliefvalve
main
through
the
flow
from
the
operatethe pumpor engineat morethana fastidle
out,
bottomed
With
cylinder
reservoir.
the
and
back
to
the
oil haswarmedup.
untilthehydraulic
noworkis beingdone,so theoilflowwillproduceheatto
warmthe hydraulicoil.
in Section5
6. Properlysettheoutriggers
as described
underOutriggers.
Attention
Do not put the unit in serviceand run the pump at
Cold Weather Start-Up
speedsuntilthehydraulicoil resernormaloperating
voir
feels
to
the touch.
warm
of 32 degrees
Whenoperatingthe unitin temperatures
oil in
Fahrenheit
or below,usea coldweatherhydraulic
pumpspeedsshouldbe nogreaterthan
Manual Theengineand
thehydraulicsystem.Referto the Maintenance
a fastidleuntiltheoilhaswarmedup.Cold,thickoildoes
forcoldweatheroil recommendations.
notflowwellandmaycausedelayin responseto control
andconsequent
as wellas cavitation
handlemovement,
pumpdamage.
J
Section4 - BeforeYouOperate....23
,ra)
a
4 - BeforeYouOperate"'
24. Section
it
I
I
Section 5 -
W
Thisunitis equippedwithoutriggers
to helpstabilize
the
unit.Beforeoperatingthe unit,followthe procedurein
forOperation.
Properly
setthe
Section4 underPreparing
outriggers
as describedin thissection.
Â,
llWarning
Park on a firm surface before operatingthe unit.
Alwaysuse parkingbrakesand wheelchocks.Outriggersmustbeextendedas instructedunderOutriggers, and outrigger pads should be used on all
unpavedsurfaces,asphaltpavementand other soft
surfaces.
Operation
Do not lower the outriggersuntil all personnelare
clearof the areaof eachoutrigger.Settingan outrigger down on a person's foot or other body parts can
causeseriousinjury.
For maximumstability,the outriggersmust be fully
extendedand properlyset on the groundor supporting surfacebeforethe booms are movedfrom their
rest positions.
Park on a firm surface before operating the unit.
Always use parking brakes and wheel chocks. On
mandatory.On such units, outriggers must be exItisimpossible
andcombinations tendedas instructedunderOutriggers,and outrigger
criteriaforstableoperation pads should be used on all unpavedsurfaces,asofthe unitbasedon actualconditions,
workprocedures, phalt pavementand other soft surfaces.
andexperience.
andcombinations
responsibility
for insuringthatthe unitis properlysetup. Itis impossible
workprocedures,
of theunitbasedon actualconditions,
Ground Level Controls
and experience.
responsibility
for insuringthatthe unitis properlyset up.
Outriggers
Outriggers
are usedto helpstabilize
theunitwhileit is in
use.The controlsfor the outriggersare locatedat the Thesurfacethatthe outriggershoewill reston mustbe
tailshelf.
Theareaaroundthecontrolhandlesis guarded firm and capableof supportinga substantialload in a
area.lf necessary,placesturdyoutrigger
toprotectagainstunintentional
movement
ofthehandles. concentrated
pad
supportsbeneatheachoutriggershoeto increase
Figure5.1 illustrates
the outriggercontrols.
thesupportareaand loadholdingcapability.
ProperlySettingon a LevelSurface
Withthe boomsstowed,lowerthe outriggersto a firm
as far as possible,while
footing.Extendthe outriggers
allowingthevehicleto be level,withalltiresmaintaining
contactwith the groundsurface.Althoughthe tire-tosurfacecontactpressuremayvary,extendtheoutriggers
to removethebulgefromthetires.Extending
the outriggers vertically,approximatelyone inch after reaching
groundlevel,will generallybe sutficientto removethe
bulgeandstillmaintainat leastsomevisualpresence
of
tire-to-surface
contactat eachtire.
A-{utrigger controls
Figure 5.1 - Outrigger Controls
Downwardmovementon the outriggercontrolhandle
lowersthe outriggerand upwardmovementraisesthe
The controlhandlereturnsto neutralwhen
outrigger.
releasedby the operator.
I
!\warnins
This unit has beendesignedto be operatedonly on
a f irmsurfacewith theoutriggerpenetrationadjusted
so that the vehicleis level.
7-98
ProperlySettingon a SlopingSurface
Withtheboomsstowed,lowerthelowsideoutriggertoa
firmfooting.Lowerthehighsideoutrigger
onlyaftera firm
footinghasbeenreachedwiththe low sideoutrigger.
Procedures
forraisingtheoutriggers
in caseof hydraulic
powerlossare explainedin Section6 underManually
Lowering/Stowing
the Unit.
Interlock System
Theoutrigger
interlock
systemrequirestheoutriggers
to
beproperlysetbeforetheboomsor articulating
armcan
bemovedfromtheboomrest.Theinterlocksystemdoes
notassurefull stability.
Section5 - Operation.25
The outriggersare equippedwith electricalinterlock controlswillnotoperate.In the LowerControlsposition,
switches.Raisingan outriggerwhilethe unit is in the oilisdirected
onlytothelowercontrolvalve
andtheupper
workingpositiondirectstheoilflowinthepressure
lineto
controlswillnotoperate.
tankBoomfunctions
willnotoperate.
Oncetheoutriggers
areproperlyset,oilflowis directedto thecontrolsandall
UpperControls
unitfunctionsareoperational
again.
The uppercontrolsare groupedtogetheron the sideof
Platform Tilt
the platformandareenclosedin a fiberglass
cover.The
A platformtilt controlmay be providedat the tailshelf, controlsincludethosefor the unit,articulating
arm,platlowercontrols,or bothlocations.Upwardmovement
of form leveling,rotationand tilt, tools,enginestop/stafi,
the controlhandlewill causethe bottomof the platform andemergency
lowering.
to tilt up or unstow.Downwardmovement
of the control
handlewill causethe bottomof the platformto tiltdown A singlehandlecontrolis usedtooperatetheunitfromthe
or stow.
platform.lt allowsthe operatorto watchwherethe platformisbeingpositioned
andreducestheneedto concentrateonthecontrolitself.Movingthecontrolin a direction
Lower Controls
causestheunitto movein a similardirection.
The single
The lowercontrolstationis locatedon the side of the handlecontrolhasa pistol-grip
stylehandleand allows
turntable
andisshownin Figure5.2.Thisstationconsists theoperatortooperatemorethanonefunctionat a time.
of a manuallyoperateddirectional
controlvalve.
Figure5.3illustrates
the uppercontrols.
a,
Figure 5.2 - Lower Controls
The lower controlvalve is used to selectbetweenthe
upperand lowercontrolstationsandto controlthe rotation,articulating
arm,lowerboom,upperboom,platform
rotation,and platformtiltfunctions.
To operatethe unitfromthe lowercontrols,movethe
Figure 5.3 - Upper Controls
uppercontrol/lowercontrol
handledownuntilit ishorizontal.Thedetentwillholdthecontrolhandleinthisposition. Thefollowingboomfunctionscan be operatedwiththe
Move the individualfunctionlever in the appropriate singlehandlecontrol.
directionto causethe unit to operatefrom the lower
. Lowerboomraise/lower
controls.This ovenideis designedfor the safetyof the
. Upperboomextend/retract
ground
personnel
operator.lt allowsthe
to havecontrol
. Rotationclockwise/counterclockwise
of the operationof the unitin caseof an emergency.
A,
!\Gaution
Operatethe controlssmoothly,avoidingsuddenreversalsin directionor abruptstarts and stops.
,a
!\caution
Operatethe controlssmoothly,avoidingsudden reversalsin directionor abruptstarts and stops.
The uppercontrol/lower
controlhandleis detentedin
eitherposition.In the UpperControlsposition,hydraulic Movement
of the singlehandlecontrolin a givendirecoil is directedto the uppercontrolvalveand the lower tionproduces
a corresponding
movement.
Thespeedof
26. Section5 - Operation
7-98
o{
ofthe
is directlyproportional
to themovement
movement
control.
Testing
Testthe interlocksystemdailyby pedormingthefollowPositionthe unitin an areathatwillallow
ingprocedure.
ofthebooms,articulatlf movement
Whenthe unit is equippedwith the automaticthrottle forboommovement.
control,enginespeedwillbe increasedto provideproper ingarm,platform,or rotationoccurs,theinterlocksystem
properly.Determine
the causeanddo
oil flow when the boom adiculatingarm or platform is notfunctioning
functionsare used.Enginespeedwillslowto idlewhen notoperatethe unituntilthe problemis corrected.
functions
areshutotf.Thetwospeedthrottlecanbeused
by pushingthe throttlecontrolplungeronceto increase 1.
Positionthe unit on a firm surface.Placethe
thespeed.Pushingtheplungera secondtimeslowsthe
in neutral,applytheparkingbrake,and
transmission
holding
beretumedtoidle
enginebacktoidle.Thecontrolshould
chockthe wheels.Applythe supplemental
whenthe functionsare not beingusedto preventheat
brake,if so equipped.
buildupin the hydraulicsystem.
Caution
lnterlock
Theinterlocksystemis intendedto preventunintentional Whentesting the operation of the interlock system,
boommovementthatmightresultfromaccidentalbump- the platformand boomsshouldbe in such a position
ingof the singlehandlecontrol.
that no damagecan result from unexpectedmovement.
f
2. At the lowercontrol,detentthe uppercontrol/lower
!\caution
Theinterlocktriggershould be fully engagedbefore
controlvalveintheUpperControlposition.Movethe
engagingthe interlock
the control handleis movedin any direction.Moving
singlehandlecontrolwithout
the handlebeforeengagingthe triggercan produce
trigger.
suddenandroughmovementoftheplatform.Releasing the interlocktrigger beforecenteringthe control
armcontrolwithoutliftingthe
3. Movethe articulating
tiltcontrolwithoutlifting
handlecan producesuddenand abruptstoppingof
detentandmovetheplatform
movement.
the detent.
intothe uppercontrol
A blockingsectionis incorporated
by an interlock
valve.The blockingsectionis controlled
intothesinglehandlecontrol(refertoFigure
triggerfitted
5.4).The interlocktriggercan be engagedas a natural
partof graspingthe singlehandlecontrol.
Platform Leveling
Platformlevelingcan be used to removean injured
andto removedebrisorwaterfromtheplatform.
operator
Thisis usedto changethepositionoftheplatformandfor
stowingtheplatform.Donotadjustplatformlevelingwhile
the boomsare in motionor stow the platformwhen an
operatorisintheplatform.Donotraisetheboomwhilethe
platformis tilteddown in the stowedposition.This can
placeunnecessary
highpressureon the tilt circuit.The
platformis tiltedby the controlhandleat the platform
(referto Figure5.3).
To operate,raisethe interlockknobon the controlhandleandmovethehandleawayfromtheplatformto tiltup
To lowertheplatform(stow)
awayfromtherestposition.
raisethe interlockknoband pullthe handletowardthe
platform.
Figure 5.4 - lnterlockTrigger
sectionoftheupper
blocking
Pullingthetriggeropensthe
Hydraulic
oil
linkage.
mechanical
controlvalvethrougha
control
upper
of
the
sections
function
flowsintotheboom
valveand allowsthe unit to movewhenthe operator
the triggercloses
movesthe controlhandle.Releasing
valveblocking
control
of
the
upper
section
the blocking
valve.
control
upper
flow
to
the
oil
hydraulic
Platform Rotation
The platformcanbe rotatedby usingthe controlleverat
(refertoFigure5.3).Platform
rotationcanbe
theplatform
one of two types:a 90 degreerotatorwhichmovesthe
platform
fromthesideto theendof the boom,anda 180
degreerotatorwhichmovesin anarcfromonesideof the
boomto theendof the boomandon to the othersideof
theboom.
Section5 - Operation. 27
Push the controlhandledown to rotatethe platform
clockwiseand pullthe handleup to rotatethe platform
Thehandlewillreturnto neutralwhen
counterclockwise.
is
released.
Releasing
it
thehandlewillalsohydraulically
lockthe platformin positionfor workor travel.
locatedat the platformareas(referto Figure5.5).The
valve must be openedby turningit counterclockwise
whenthe platformis to be loweredby gravity.Closethe
valveby turningit clockwiseafterthe boomis lowered.
Thespeedof platformloweringis controlledby opening
or closingthevalve.
Articulating Arm
Thearticulating
armis raisedor loweredusingthecontrol
nearthe platform(referto Figure5.3).To operatethe
arm, raisethe interlockknobon top of the
articulating
controlleverinthedesired
controlleverandmovethearm
arm.
directionto movethe articulating
Upper Tool Circuit
The uppertool circuitis equippedwith HTMAquick
couplingsto attachtoolsto the outlets.The
disconnect
openorclosedcentertools
accommodate
toolcircuitwill
suchas wrenches,drills,chainsaws,or otherhydraulic
tools.The tool controland outletsare shownin Figure
5.3.The tool systemis designedto drainthe pressure
the hydraulic
afterbeingshut otf to aid in uncoupling
connections.
Pushdownon thetoolcontrolleverto turnon thetools.
Pullup on the leverto shutthe toolsoff.Turningon the
toolswillincreasetheenginespeedto providecorrectoil
control.
flowon unitsequippedwiththeautomaticthrottle
Theautomatic
throttlecontrolwillslowtheenginespeed
downwhenthetoolsareshutoff. Onunitswithtwospeed
throttlecontrol,pushthe air plungerwhenthe toolsare
turnedon to increasethe enginespeed.Pushthe air
plungera secondtimeto slowthe engine.The engine
speedshouldbe at an idle when the toolsare ofi to
preventheatbuildupin the hydraulicsystem.
Emergency Lowering Valve
loweringvalveis locatedattheboomtip.
Theemergency
It allowsfor the controlledreleaseof hydraulicoilfrom
the lift cylinder.The valve is a manualneedlevalve
Figure 5.5 - Emergency Lowering Valve
Emergency Operating DC Pump
A 12 volt DC operatedpump providesoil for some
Thispumpis designedfor emeroperation.
emergency
gencyoperation
in casethevehicleenginefails.
Attention
The DC pump is for emergencyoperatinguse only.
Do not run the pump over three minutes continuously.Damageto the pumpand/ormotor can result.
DCpumpcanbe operatedby
operating
Theemergency
a captiveaircylindermountedat theplatformor a toggle
switchat the lowercontrols.Eithermaybe usedto start
or stopthepump.Thecontrolsforthepumpareshownin
Figure5.6.
Figure 5.6 - Emergency Operating DC Pump Controls
At \
RemoteEngineStarUStop
The remotestarVstopsystemmay be usedto startand
stopthe vehicleenginefrom a remotelocation.This
system can be controlledby a toggle switch at the
turntable,an air operatedcylinderat the platform,or a
ROACS-3radio controlsystem(referto.Figure5.7).
RefertoSection6 underEmergencyOperating
DCPump
for information.
@ ,=\.
z-\.S
@@
STARTSTOP
,4,
\/
,4.
\/
AUX AUX
Z
F!Abc
IH|SWr CoWr.tES
WITH
fcc Rtfts PtRl 15rl
ltK 0f Mluicllft.
S
ROACS-3
ToggleSwitch
Booms
Theunithasa telescopic
upperboom.Theupperboom,
lowerboom,andarticulating
armmay be actuatedindiwith one another.The boom
viduallyor in conjunction
functionsmay be controlledfrom the lower or upper
controls.
Lower Boom
Operatethelowerboomwiththesinglehandlecontrolat
the uppercontrolsfor normaloperation.To do this,
engagethetriggeronthecontrolandmovethecontrolin
to movethe
Thecontrolisdesigned
thedesireddirection.
boomin the samedirectionthe controlis movedand
propoftionally
withthe movementof the control.
Operatethe lowerboomfromthe lowercontrolswhen
testingor duringan emergency.
A double-acting
cylinderis usedto raiseand lowerthe
lowerboom.The cylinderis keptfrom retractingby a
holdingvalvecadridgein the baseend of the cylinder.
The holdingvalvespreventoil from escapingfromthe
if a hydraulic
linefails.
cylinder
Figure 5.7 - RemoteEngine Star/Stop Controls
Upper Boom
Thefiberglass
upperboomis capableof beingextended
Thecaptiveair cylinderfor the remoteenginestarVstop ninefeeteightinchesfromwithinthe lowerboom.
is locatednear the platform.Usingthis cylinder,the
The Operatetheupperboomwiththesinglehandlecontrolat
enginemaybe startedor stoppedfromtheplatform.
remoteenginestarVstopsystemoperatesin a similar the uppercontrolsfor normaloperation.To do this,
triggeron thecontrolandmovethe
mannerto the vehicleignitionswitch.Makesure the engagetheinterlock
position
(Park
to
Thecontrolisdesigned
is in the appropriate
controlinthedesireddirection.
vehicletransmission
is
moved
control
the
or Neutral)beforeoperatingthe system.The vehicle movetheboominthesamedirection
of thecontrol.
withthe movement
ignitionswitchmustbe in the On positionandthetrucU andproportionally
position
Machine
operate
the
machineselectorin the
to
remoteenginestarUstopsystem.
Operatethe upperboomfromthe lowercontrolswhen
testingor duringan emergency.
Attention
cylinderis usedto extendandretractthe
Oncethe engine has started,releasethe starUstop A double-acting
to
boom.
The
cylinderis held in positionby two
lf
actuator
continues
be
upper
immediately.
the
actuator
permanent
holding
valves
in
baseendof the upperboome)ftenis
running,
the
once
the
engine
engaged
Theholdingvalvespreventoilfromescapsioncylinder.
damageto the startercould result.
if a hydraulic
linefails.
ingfromthecylinder
ROACS-3
Boom Storage
Theboomsmustbe in the stowedpositionfor transporwhilethevehicleisin motion,
tation.lftheboombounces
arm,liftcylindamagemaybecausedto theafiiculating
der,turntable,
and/ortheplatform.Excessive
downward
forceafterthe boomis in the restmayalsodamagethe
Additionalinformationcan be foundin the ROACS-3 boomand/orboomrest.
withtheunit.
manualprovided
systemcanbe usedup
TheROACS-3remotestarUstop
to 100yards.Pressthe Startbuttonon the hand-held
radiotransmitter
to startthe vehicleengine.Pressthe
Stopbuttonto turnoffthe engine.
Section 5 -
Operation . 29
A.
[Caution
Failureto properlystow the unit can result in property damage.
When stowingthe boomsfor transportation,
use the
followingprocedure.
Personnel Platform
Theunitmaybeequippedwithoneof severalplatforms.
.
.
.
.
platform
stationary
Side-mounted
platform
End-mounted
stationary
90 degreerotatingplatform
180degreerotatingplatform
1. Rotatethe tumtableto positionthe boomsoverthe
boom rest. lf the unit is equippedwith a platform Thefourtypesof platformarrangements
allowplatform
rotator,positionthe platformin itsrestposition,to the linersto be used.
sideof the boomtip.
2. Fullyretractthe upperboom.
3. Stowthe afiiculating
armfullydown.
4. Stowthelowerboom.Makesuretheplatformclears
anyobstaclesas it is placedin the platformrest.
Rotation
The unitmay be equippedwitheithera continuous
or
noncontinuous
rotationsystem.Continuous
rotation
units
can be rotatedthrough360 degreescontinuously
after
the lowerboomis elevated.
Attention
Unitswith noncontinuousrotationareequippedwith
a mechanicalstop to preventhosedamageby rotating too far. Do not rotatethe turntableinto the stop.
Learnthe limits of the noncontinuousrotationsystem and stop turntablemovementbeforecontacting
the mechanicalstop.
!\Danger
All operatorsmust read and understandSection 4
underOperationNearEnergizedGonductorsbefore
operatingthe unit near energizedconductors. lmproperoperationof the unit nearenergizedconductors can resultin deathor seriousinjury.
It is impossibletoforesee
allsituationsandcombinations for the use of the unit. The operator bears
ultimateresponsibilityfor following all regulations
andsafetyrulesof theiremployerand/orany stateor
federallaw.
Thefiberglassplatform,atthe boomtip area,will not
protectagainstelectricalcontinuity.The fiberglass
platform,properly fitted with a platform liner, will
offersomeprotectionfor the lowerextremitiesof the
operator'sbody. lt cannot protect against contact
betweenan operatorand eithertwo conductorsor a
singleconductorandgroundedelementsof the pole.
Â,
llWarning
Noncontinuous
rotationunitscanberotatedthrough370
A mechanical OSHArequiresall occupantsof the platformuse an
degreesafterthe lowerboomis elevated.
stoppreventsfurthertravel.
appropriateOSHAapprovedtall arrestsystem.
The rotationsystemis self-locking.
The tumtablewill
remainin positionwhenhydraulicpressureis notbeing
wormgearboxis
appliedto the motor.The self-locking
capableof holdingthe turntablein positionwithoutthe
useof a brake.
Rotatetheturntable
fromthelowercontrols
byholding
the
position.
in the appropriate
controlhandle
Do not exceedthe capacityvalues indicatedon the
capacityplacards.Death,seriousinjury,and/orproperty damagecould result.
Platformcapacityof the unit is the total weightof the
personnel,
tools,material,
andlinerthatmaybe liftedby
it.
the unitwithoutoverloading
Gaution
Anextension
shattis providedonthegearboxto allowfor
manualrotation.Section6 underManuallyLowering/ Usecaretoavoidslippingand/orfallingwhengetting
thisprocedure.
Stowingthe Unitdescribes
on or off the unit or when entering or exiting the
platform.
o-vv
I
w
Stationary Platform
platforms
Theside-mounted
andend-mounted
areidenticalexceptforthemethodusedto attachtheplatform
to
platformattaches
theboomtip.Theside-mounted
to the
sideof the boomtip usinga bracket.The end-mounted
platform
alsoattachesto the boomtip,butfitsat theend
oftheboom.Bothhavethesinglehandlecontrolattached
to thesideof the platform.
Platform Rotation
The90degreeand180degreerotatingplatforms
attach
to thesideof the boomtip.The90 degreerotatormoves
fromthesideoftheboomtotheendandback
theplatform
again.The 180degreerotatormovesthe platformfrom
onesideoftheboomto thetipandon aroundto theother
sideof the boomallowingfor morereachand working
area.Platform
rotation
isillustrated
in Figures5.8and5.9.
Whenstowingthe unit, rotatethe platformto its rest
positionbeforestowingthe lowerboom.
Platform Leveling System
The hydrauliclevelingsystemcontinuallyadjuststhe
positionof theplatformto keepthe platformfloorlevel.A
master-slave
maintainsthe platcylinderarrangement
formfloorto be parallelwiththeturntable.
$
Boom End Position
RotatedPosition
(Both SidesShown)
Figure 5.8 - 180DegreePlattorm Rotation
Boom End Position
Rotated(or Stowed)Position
Figure 5.9 90 DegreePlattorm Botation
t
Section 5 -
Operation . 31
0)
rt\
32. Section5 - OPeration
Section 6 -
Emergency Operation
A.
Operating From Lower Controls
Usethe lowercontrolsto lowertheplatformand/orstow
theboomif the uppercontrolsare inoperable.
!\Danser
valvesthat havethe reliefsetting
All counterbalance
changedmust be replacedor reset to the proper
setting using an Altec test block before the unit is
operated.
A.
!\Danser
Emergency Operating DC Pump
I
!\caution
Usethe emergency
operatingDC pumpfor emergency
pumpfromthe
stowing
suppliedtothe
oftheunit.Poweris
vehiclebatteryor an auxiliarybattery.The lengthof time
thepumpcanbeoperated
dependsonthecapacityofthe
battery.The emergencyoperatingDC pump can be
operatedcontinuously
for up to three minutesbefore
allowingit to cool.
Deathor seriousinjury can resultfrom contactwith
equipmentthat has becomeelectricallycharged.
Makesure there is sufficientclearancearoundthe
unit beforemovingthe upperor lowerboom.Insufficientclearancecancauseseriousinjuryand/orprop
erty damage.
Afterdetermining
thatit is safeto touchthevehicle,use
the lowercontrolsto positionthe unit.Movethe station
selectorhandleto the LowerControlpositionto operate
theaerialdevicefromthe lowercontrols.
r{
!\caution
Makesure there is sufficientclearancearound the
unit beforemovingthe upperor lowerboom.Insufficientclearancecancauseseriousinjuryand/orprof
erty damage.
Operating From Other Controls
Attention
lf the unitcannotbe operateddueto a lossof hydraulic The DGpump is for emergencyoperatinguse only.
power,suchas engineor pumpfailure,therearethree Do not run for over three minutes continuously.
methods
forlowering
and/orstowingtheunit.Refertothe Damageto the pump and/ormotor can result.
following
in thissectionfor the appropriate
procedure.
Theemergency
DCpumpcanbecontrolled
by
operating
. Emergency
OperatingDC Pump
a toggleswitchatthelowercontrolsor at thetailshelf,an
. ManuallyLowering/Stowing
the Unit
airoperated
cylinderattheplatform,
or a ROACS-3radio
(Counterbalance
holdingvalveadjustment)
controlsystem.Thecontrolsfor the pumpare shownin
. AuxiliaryPowerSources
Figure
6.1.
(Usinganotherunitto supplyhydraulic
power)
Figure 6.1 - EmergencyOperating DC Pump Controls
Section6 - EmergencyOperation. 33
Theemergency
operatingDC pumpcanbe heardwhile
it isoperating.
Thefunctions
willmoveslowlywhenusing
the pumpbecauseof the reducedflow capacityof the
pump.
Toggle Switch
The toggleswitchis locatedon the turntableor at the
tailshelf.
. UnitsWithoutRemoteEngineStart/Stop
To startthe pump,movethe toggleswitchup and
continueholdingwhileoperating
thecontrolhandles.
Releasing
the switchstopsthe pump.
. UnitsWithRemoteEngineStart/Stopand DC Pump
To start the pump, move the toggle switch in up
duringthe stopcycle.Afterfiveseconds,the pump
will start.The pump will operateas long as the
cylinderrod is pushedin.
Captive Air Cylinder
Thecaptiveair cylinderis locatedat the platform.
. UnitsWithoutRemoteEngineStart/Stop
Push the captiveair cylinderrod in and hold to
operatethe emergency
operatingDCpump.
. UnitsWithRemoteEngineStarilStopDC Pump
Thereis onlyonecaptiveair cylinderto performthe
enginestarUstop
and pumpfunctions.To startthe
pump,pushthe captiveair cylinderrod in and hold
duringthe stopcycle.Afterfiveseconds,the pump
will start.The pump will operateas long as the
cylinderrod is pushedin.
Figure 6.2 - Emergency Lowering Valve
IDanger
Only the lift cylinder is affectedby the emergency
loweringvalve operation.The upper boom will not
retractwhileoperatingtheemergencyloweringvalve.
F
[Gaution
Makesure there is sufficientclearancearound the
unit beforemovingthe upperor lowerboom.Insufficientclearancecancauseseriousinjuryand/orpropefi damage.
loweringvalveto lowerthe boom
Usingthe emergency
willproducethesamepathof platform
travelas usingthe
lowerboomdowncontrol.
Turn the controlknob counterclockwise
to lower the
platform.Carefuloperationof the emergencylowering
valvewill controlthe rateof descentand will produce
lowering.
smoothandcontrolled
ROACS-3
The ROACS-3radiocontrolsystemcan be usedup to
100yardsawayfromthe vehicle.Startthe emergency
operatingDC pumpby pushingan AUX1 buttonon the Afterthe emergencyloweringis completed,turn the
lowering
to closetheemergency
hand-held
radiotransmitter.
Pushthebuttonagaintotum controlknobclockwise
pump.
valve.
otfthe
Emergency Lowering Valve
Manually Lowering/Stowing the Unit
The emergencyloweringvalve at the upper controls
allowsfor controlledreleaseof hydraulicoilfromthe lift
cylinder.The manualvalvemustbe openedwhenthe
platformis to be loweredby gravity.The emergency
loweringvalveis shownin Figure6.2.
lf the platformmust be loweredto the ground,do not
lowerthearticulating
arm.Oncethe platformis lowered
to the ground,the articulatingarm can be lowered
manuallyby the emergency
operatingDC pumpor an
auxiliarypowersource.
34. Section6 - EmergencyOperation
7-98
Rotating the Turntable
Afterdetermining
thatit is safeto touchthevehicle,the
tumtablemaybe rotatedmanually.
I
!\Gaurion
Makesure there is sufficientclearancearoundthe
unitbeforemovingthe upperor lowerboom.InsuffF
cientclearancecan
causeseriousinjuryand/orpropertydamage.
The rotationworm gear shafthas an extensionshaft
(refertoFigure6.3).Theextension
shaftmaybe rotated
wilha1lz"socketand ratchetwrenchto manuallyrotate
the turntable.The rotationcontrolhandleat the lower
controlsstationmustbe fullyshiftedwhenthe manual
extension
shaftis rotated.
A-Counterbalance
valvelocation
Figure 6.4 - Lift Cylinder
Counterbalance ValveLocation (Articulating Arm)
A,
IDanger
Extremecareshouldbetakenwhenturningthecounterbalancevalve adjustingscrew. As the adjusting
screw is turned, the articulatingarm will begin to
lower.Therateof movementwillincreaseas the arm
is lowered.
Therateof movementcan be adjusted by how far the
counterbalance
valveadjustingscrewis turnedafter
movementstarts.
A-Extensionshaft
Figure6.3 - Manual RotationErtension Shaft
Pinchpointsexistbetweenthe lowerboom,articulatingarmandtheturntable.Shearpointsexistbetween
the lower boom and the upper boom. Stand clear
whileraisingor loweringthe lower boom and artic'
lating arm and while extending or retracting the
upperboom.
To adjustthe counterbalance
holdingvalve,unlockthe
Lowering the Articulating Arm
locknutwitha e/re"
wrenchandtum the adjustingscrew
Tolowerthe articulating
arm,adjustthe retractcounter- inward(clockwise)
witha3lre"
hexwrench.
Slowlytumthe
balanceholdingvalveto the Openposition.
g armbeginsto move
adjustingwrenchuntilthearticulatin
downward.
Thearmshouldthenslowlylowerby gravity.
lfthearticulating
armisfullyraised,it maynotlowerunder Controlthe
rateof descentbytumingthecounterbalance
itsownweightwhenthe
counterlcalancevalve
isadjusted valveadjusting
screw.
to theOpenposition.In this situation,
connecta comealongfrom anotherdeviceto the articulating
arm to
lf the articulating
armis fullyextended,it maynot lower
initiate
movement.
untilassistedby attachinga ropeor cablefromanother
aerialdevice.
Thecounterbalance
holdingvalveis locatedinthebase
endof the articulating
armcylinder(referto Figure6.4).
Section6 - EmergencyOperation.35
A.
!\Danser
All counterbalancevalves that have had the relief
setting changed must be replacedor reset to the
proper setting using an Altec test block beforethe
unit is operated.
procedureis comAfterthe manuallowering/stowing
pleted,replaceor properlyadjustthe articulating
arm
cylindercounterbalance
valveto its originalsetting.
A.
!\Danser
Pinchpointsexistbetweenthe lowerboom,articulatingarmandtheturntable.Shearpointsexistbetween
whileraisingor loweringthe lowerboom and articulating arm and while extending or retracting the
upperboom.
To adjustthecounterbalance
locknutwitha e/ro"
wrenchandturnthe adjustingscrew
Lowering the Booms
inward(clockwise)
with a 31rc"
hex wrench.Turn the
To lowerthe booms,adjustthe retractcounterbalance adjusting
wrenchuntiltheboombeginsto movedownholdingvalveto theopenposition.
ward.The boomshouldthen slowlylowerby gravity.
Controltherateofdescentbyturningthecounterbalance
Thecounterbalance
holdingvalveis locatedinthebase valveadjusting
screw.
endof the liftcylinder(referto Figure6.5).
,^
!\Danger
setting changedmust be replacedor reset to the
propersetting using an Altec test block beforethe
unit is operated.
pleted,replaceor properlyadjustthe boom cylinder
counterbalance
valveto its originalsetting.
A-Counterbalance valve location
(At base of cylinder)
Figure 6.5 Lift Cylinder Counterbalance ValveLocation
Retracting the Upper Boom
To retracttheupperboom,adjustthe retractcounterbalanceholding
valveto theopenposition.
tu\
Thecounterbalance
holdingvalveis locatedin the base
endof theupperboom(referto Figure6.6).
L
!\Danser
Extremecareshouldbetakenwhenturningthecounterbalancevalve adjustingscrew. As the adjusting
screw is turned,the lower boom will beginto lower.
Therateofmovementwillincreaseasthelowerboom
is lowered.
The rateof movementcan be adjustedby how far the
counterbalance
valveadjustingscrewis turnedafter
movementof the boom starts.
To adjustthe counterbalance
locknutandslowlyturn
screwinward(clocktheadjusting
wise).Controltherateof descentbyturningthecounterbalancevalveadjustingscrew.
Figure 6.6 - Counterbalance
ValveLocation-BoomExtensionCylinder
([ ...-
36. Section6 - EmergencyOperation
A
IDanger
&
Pinchpoints exist betweenthe lowerboom,articulatingarmandtheturntable.Shearpointsexistbetween
whileraisingor loweringthe lowerboomand articulating arm and while extending or retractingthe
upperboom.
lf the lowerboomis at a highenoughangle,the upper
boomwillretractbygravityafteradjustingthecounterlcalancevalve.
lfthelowerboomangleistoolow,it maybenecessary
to
usea come-along
to manuallyretractthe upperboom
afteradjustingthe counterlcalance
valve.Attachoneend
ofthecome-along
to thelanyardattachment
loopandthe
otherendto a slingplacedaroundthe endof the lower
boom.Use care not to scratchor marthe finishof the
upperboom.
A-Pilot operatedcheckvalve
Figure 6.7 - Pilot Operated Check Valve
4. Locatethetwopilotoperatedcheckvalvesinstalled
in the baseend of the cylinder.One of the check
valveshasa screwwitha 31rc"
hexheadin the top of
the cartridge.Use a 3/s" hex wrenchand tum the
screw in (clockwise)until the cylinderbeginsto
retract.Controlthe
using
speedof cylinderretraction
the hexscr6w.
Therate of movementcan be adjustedby how far the
counterbalance
valve adjustingscrewis turnedafter
movement
of the boomstarts.To adjustthecountebalanceholdingvalve,unlockthelocknutwith
aelre"wrench
andslowlyscrewtheadjusting
screwinward(clockwise) 5. Whenthereis no vehicleweighton the outrigger,
lift
witha 3/rs"hex wrench.Controlthe rateof descentby
theoutriggerleg
withacome-along
ora prybar.Block
turningthe counterbalance
valveadjusting
screw.
uptheoutriggershoeat intervalsif liftingin successive stepswith a pry bar. Use the come-alongto
Â,
completely
retractthe extendedoutriggerleg.
!\Danser
settingchanged must be replacedor reset to the
propersetting using an Altec test block before the
unitis operated.
pleted,replaceor properlyadjustthe boom cylinder
counterbalance
valveto itsoriginalsetting.
Raising the Outriggers
Theoutriggersmaybemanually
raisedbyperforming
the
procedure.
lollowing
r{
!\Gaution
Failureto properlystow the unit can result in prop
ertydamage.
1. Stowthebooms.
2. lf the equipmentis available,raisethe vehicleto
removethe loadfromtheoutriggerleg.
3. Remove
thecoveronthetopoftheoutrigger
cylinder
(referto Figure6.7).
6-99
6. Securetheoutriggerlegsinthestowedpositionuntil
the hydraulicsystemis againoperationai.
7. Turnthe3/re"
hexheadscrewout(counterclockwise)
to close the checkvalve beforeagain using the
outrigger.
Auxiliary Power Sources
lf theunitis disabledby engineor pumpfailure,it canbe
stowedfortravelby usinghydraulicpowerfromanother
unit.The operatingunitmusthavea hydraulicsystem
with similarpressureand flow ratesand a lowertool
circuit.
procedure
Usethefollowing
to maketherequiredplumbingconnections.
1. Installa retumline connectionbetweenthe lower
controlvalveand the retumlinefilteras shownin
Figure6.8.lf the unitdoesnot havean emergency
operatingDC pump,installa check valve in the
pressureline betweenthe pumpand the pointof
connection
for the auxiliarypowersource.
Section6 - EmergencyOperation. 37
ABDVERDTATI!N
BELDV ROTATINN
vf,w nl?ty
REIURN LINE
Figure 6.8 - Auxiliary Power SourcePlumbing
2. Installa manualshutotfvalve(gatevalve)between
the returnlineconnection
andthe returnlinefilter.
2. Bringa returninletfrom the operableunit to the
disabledunit.To do this,use the lowertool circuit
hosereelor an extension
hosefroma returninleton
theoperableunit.Connectthisretuminletor extensionhosetothereturnlinequickdisconnect
coupling
previously
installed.Makesurethe manualshutoff
valveintheretumlineisclosedto diverttheretumoil
flowto theoperableunit.
3. Stadtheengineandpumpontheoperable
unitand
movethe toolscontrolhandleto the On position.
Stowthe disabledunitusingits normalcontrolsor
lowercontrols,as necessary.
4. MovethetoolscontrolhandletotheOtfposition.
Tum
offtheengineandpumpon theoperable
unit.
^
!\caution
3. lnstallthe pressureline betweenthe pumpcontrol
valveand the lowercontrolvalve.The checkvalve
(gatevalve)willdivertoilfromthedisabledunittothe
operableunitand preventbackflowto the pump.
The manualshutoff valve must be opened before
startinga disabledunit.Otherwise,the returnlinecan
rupturecausinga largequantityof oil to spill under
pressure.
4. Closethemanualshutotfvalvestodiverttheretumoil
flow to the operableunit and preserveoil to the
disabledunit.
In case of injury by escaping hydraulic oil, seek
medicalattentaon
at once.Seriousinfectionor reaction can result if medical treatment is not given
immediately.
Quickdisconnect
couplingsmay be mountedat the
tailshelf
forfutureuse.
Afterthe requiredplumbingconnections
are made,use
thefollowingprocedureto stowthe unit.
1. Bringa pressureoutletfromtheoperableunitto the
disabledunit.To do this, use the lowertool circuit
hosereelor anextension
hosefroma pressure
outlet
on the operableunit.Connectthispressurehoseto
the pressureline quickdisconnectcouplingpreviouslyinstalled.
38 . Section6 - EmergencyOperation
Keepthe unit andworkareasclean.Spilledhydraulic
oil createsslicksurfacesandcancausepersonnelto
slip and/orfall.
5. Openthemanualshutotfvalveon thedisabledunit.
Returnallhydraulic
connections
to theirnormalpositionson bothunits.
ilru
\
Section 7 -
Gare of the Unit
Analertoperatorcancontribute
lf oilmustbe added,usethe
to thepropercareof the fromthetopof thereservoir.
unit.The observation
and correctionof minormainte- propertypeandgradeas describedin the Maintenance
nanceproblems,as they occur,may preventcostly Manual.
repairsand lengthydowntimeandimprovesafety.
lmmediately
reportany unusualhydraulicsystemnoise
At no time shouldan Altecunit be alteredor modified heardduringoperation
sothecausecanbeidentifiedand
withoutspecificwrittenapprovalfromAltecIndustries, corrected.
lnc.
Hydraulic System
The conditionof the hydraulicoil is a majorfactorin
obtaininglong life and trouble-freeseruicefrom the
hydraulic
systemcomponents.
Theoiltemperature,
level,
andcleanliness
mustbe properlymaintained.
Attention
Do not put the unit in serviceand run the pumpat
normaloperatingspeedsuntilthehydraulicoil reservoir feelswarm to the touch.
Theminimumtemperature
at whichoil will flow to the
pumpvarieswiththetypeof oilin the reservoir.
Regardlessof the hydraulicoil used,improperstart-upcan
quicklydamagethe pump.Alwaysallowtheoilto warm
up beforerunningthe engineor pumpat highspeed.
Section4 underColdWeatherStart-Updescribes
this
procedure.
Fiberglass
clean
Keepthefiberglass
upperboomandarminsulators
propertiesof the fiberto maintainthe nonconductive
glass.Periodically
withmilddetercleanthe fiberglass
gentin warmwater.Do notscratchthe boomsurface.
Do not allow the fiberglassplatformto contactfixed
cleanthe
objectssuchas polesand trees.Periodically
platformwithmilddetergentin warmwater.
Structures and Mechanical Systems
Reportany unusualnoises,loosefasteners,pins,pin
retainers,
etc.,so thatthe causecan be identifiedand
corrected.
I
[Caution
Keeptheunitandworkareasclean.Spilledhydraulic
oilcreatesslicksurfacesand cancausepersonnelto
slip and/orfall.
Themaximum
temperature
atwhichthehydraulic
system
canoperatedependson the hydraulicoil used.Cold
weatheroil shouldnot exceed160degreesFahrenheit Properlubrication
ona regularbasiswillincrease
thelife
problems.
andwarmweatheroil shouldnot exceed180degrees of the unitand helpto preventmaintenance
Fahrenheit.
Reportany signof lubricantleakingfroma gearboxso
thatit maybe corrected.
lf overheating
occursduringnormaluse, identitythe
causeand haveit corectedimmediately.
Avoidshockloadsand overloading.
Theseconditions
canpresenthazardsto theunitandpersonnel.
Startand
A.
stopalloperations
as smoothly
as possible.Donotallow
debris,tools,etc.,to accumulate
on the unit.Thebooms
!\warnins
Onlyusehydraulicoil as recommended.
Otherfluids mustbe freeto extendand retractwithoutobstruction.
addedto the hydraulicsystemcan increasecompoof the Whencleaningwith high pressurewashersor steam
nentwear,affectthelubricatingcharacteristics
cleaningequipment,
do not directlyspraythe electrical
oil,or destroythe insulatingcapabilityof the unit.
components
or controlpanels.Allelectrical
connections
for outsideuse.However,high
daily.When aresealedanddesigned
Checktheoillevelinthehydraulicreservoir
checking
the oil level,the vehicleshouldbe on a level pressurefluidscan forcetheirway pastthe sealsand
surface,with the boomsstowed,and all cylindersre- causecorrosion.
The oil levelmustbe approximately
two inches
tracted.
Section 7 -
Care of the Unit, 39
ti
.
i
40 . Section7- Care of the Unit
Appendix
Glossary
2ndstageboom- seeintermediate
boom.
3rd stageboom- seeupperboom,
A-frameoutrlgger - an extendibleoutriggerhavingtwo diagonal
members
whichareconnec{ed
atthetopandjoinednearthemidsection
bya horizontal
crosspiece.Resembles
a broadbased'4.'
aboverotatlon- in referenceto a positionon or abouta unitthatis
vertically
abovelhe rotationbearing.
absolute- a measure
havingas itszeropointor basethecomplete
absenceof the itembeingmeasured.
absolutepressure- a pressurescalewiththezeropointat a pertect
vacuum.
accumulator- a containerusedto storefluid underpressureas a
pressure
sourceof hydraulicpoweror as a meansof dampening
surges.
actuator- a devicefor converting
hydraulicenergyintomechanical
energy,suchas a motoror cylinder.
adapter- a deviceusedto connecttwo partsof difierenttype or
diameter.
adjustlngstud-a component
ofa cabledrivesystemthatisthreaded
onbothendsandhasa hexadjustingflatin thecenter.lt securesthe
driv€cableto thecylinderrodandcanbe usedto adjustthetensionof
thedrivecable.
seratlon- theentrapment
of airin hydraulic
fluid.Excessive
aeration
may causethe fluid to appearmilky and componentsto oporate
erratically
becauseof thecompressibility
oftheairtrappedinthefluid.
aerlalcontrolvalve-the controlvalve
onthetumtableof anelevator
unitwhichoperatesthe movement
functionsof theaerialdEvice.
aerlaldevlce - a vehicle-mounted
devicewith a boomassembly
whichisextendible,
afticulating,
or both,whichis designed
andusedto
position
personnel.
Thedevicemayalsobe usedto handlematerial,if
designed
andequipped
forthatpurpose.
Allenwrcnch- a six-sided
wrenchthatfitsintothehexsockelofa cap
screwor setscrew.
AmerlcanNatlonalStandardsInstltute(ANSI)- a self-goveming
bodyof professionals
whoseprimaryobjectiveis to preventaccidents
byestablishing
requirements
for design,manufacture,
maintenance,
pertormance,
goodsincluding
useandtrainingfor manufactured
aerial
devicesanddiggerderricks.
anaerobicadheslve- a bondingagentor adhesivethatcuresinth€
absence
of air.
analogslgnal-an electrical
inlormation
signalthatcommunicat€s
by
thecontinuousvariationof voltageor currentlevelwithina defined
range,in proportion
to an inputparameter
suchas pressureor control
leverposition.
annulararea- a ringshapedarea.Usuallyretersto thepistonarea
minusthecross-sectional
areaof the rodot a hydrualicrylinder.
ANSI- seeAmericanNationalStandardslnstitute.
antl-rotatlonlork - a two-pronged
retainerwhichis tastenedto the
insideof thetumtableandusedto preventmovement
ol therotaryjoint
outerhousing.
antlfoamaddltlve - an agentaddedto hydrauliclluid to inhibitair
fromformingandcollesting
thesurfaceofthefluid.
bubbles
togetheron
fluidto improvethe
antlwearaddltlve- an agentaddedto hydraulic
abilityof the fluid to preventwear on intemalmovingpartsin the
hydraulic
system.
arborbar- the shaltor spindlethatis usedto supporta cablereel.
arborbar collar - a cylindrical
devicethatis usedto securea cable
reelon an arborbar.
structure
of an articulating
arm.2:
arm- 1: theprimaryload-carrying
theadiculattheprimaryload-carrying
structureof a singleelevator.3:
ingstructure
whichsupportsthe arborbarfor reellifting.
cylinder
thatmovesthearmof a single
armcylinder- thehydraulic
elevator
up anddown.
articulatingarm - a systemlocatedbetweenthetumtableandlower
to
boomofanaerialdevicewhichis usedforliftingtheboomassembly
increase
the plattormworkingheight.This systemincludesthe arm,
link(s),
riserandarticulating
armcylinder.
cylinderthat movesan
artlculatingarm cyllnder- the hydraulic
articulating
armup anddown.
artlculatlng-boomaerlaldevlce- an aerialdevicewithtwoor more
boomsectionsthatareconnectedat joint(s)whichallowoneboomto
pivotwithrespectto theadjacentboom.
ASTM- AmericanSocietyfor Testingand Materials.
(one)- a pressure
atmosphere
measure
equalto 14.7psi.
atmospherlcpressure- pressureon all objectsin the atmosphere
becauseof
theweightof
thesunounding
air.Atsealevel,about14.7psi
absolute.
attention- intormation
thatmustbefollowedto reducethelikelihood
damage
of property
damage.Propertydamagecouldincludestructural
failure,or damageto nearbypropefi.
to th€unit,component
auger- theholeboringtoolof thedigger,consistingof a hollowtube
withhardenedteethattachedat oneendto dig intoandbreakup soil
and/orrockastheaugeris rotated.Severaltumsof flightingarewelded
to thetubeto carrytheloosematerialawayfromtheteeth.
auger extenslonshaft - a shaftwhichfits into the augertube to
connect
thediggeroutputshaftto theauger.
augerstow bracket- the bracketon a diggerdenicklowerboom
whichstoresthe diggerandaugerassemblywhenit is not in use.
augerstow swltch- a limitswitchwhichis actuatedby theaugerto
shul off diggeroperationin the stowingdirectionwhen the auger
reachesitslullystowedpositionin the augerstowbracket.
augertube-the hollowtubeat thscenterline
of an augerto whichthe
augerflightingis welded.
augerwlndup sllng - the cableor strapattach€dto the augerstow
bracketwhichis usedto storethediggerandauger.
AWS-Amedcan WeldingSociety.
back pressure- pr€ssureexistingin the dischargeflow from an
actuatoror
hydraulic
system.lt addstothepressurerequiredto operate
an actuatorundera givenload.
backlash- the clearancaat the tooth contactpoint betweenthe
adjacentgearteethof twoor morsmeshinggears.
plate,installed
baflle-a device,
ina reservoirtoseparatethe
usuallya
retumlineinletfromthesuctionlineoutlet.
on
bare-handwork-atechnique of pertominglivelinemaintenance
wherebyoneor moreauthorized
energized
and€quipment
conductors
partafterhavingbeenraisedand
personsworkdirectlyonanenergized
bondedto theen€rgizedconductors
or equipment.
banel - the hollowbodyol a hydrauliccylinderintowhichthe piston
androdareassembled.
baseboom- seelowerboom.
opposite
fromthe
baseend-1: theclosedendofa hydrauliccylinder,
endthattherodertendsfrom.2:theendof an eltendibleboomthatis
closestto thetumtabl€.3:th€endof an articulating
boomthatremains
positioned
closestto th€tumtablewhenthe boomis fullyunfolded.
basket-see platform.
batterycharger- a deviceusedto restorethe electricalchargein a
battery.
bearlng- a machinepart that is installedbetweentwo adjacent
machinepartsto allowthosepartsto rotateorslidewithrespectto each
other.Commonly
usedto decreasefrictionor wearon components.
behlndcab mount- a pedestalmountingpositionlocatedimmedicenterlineof the
atelybehindthe vehiclecab on the longitudinal
chassis.
below?otatlon- in reference
to a positionon or abouta unitthat is
verlicallybelowthe rotationbearing.
belowrotatloncontrols- controlsthatare locatsdon the chassis,
usedtor operatingsomeor all ol thelunctionsof the unit.
bleed-off- to r6ducethetrappedpressureina hydraulic
system,line,
to a zerostateby allowingfluidto escapeunderconor component,
througha valveor outlet.
trolledconditions
blockingvalve- a two-position,
two-way
valvethatblockspumpflow
to a hydrauliccircuitor systemwhenit is not acluated,and opensto
allowfluidwhenactuated.
body - a structure
containing
compartments
for storageof tools,
materials,
and/orotherpayloadwhichis installedon a vehicleframeor
subbase.
ina personal
bodybelt-a component
fallarrest
systemconsisting
ot
a strapwhichis securedaboutthewaistof a person,witha meansfor
i
Appendix- Glossary
attachingit to a lanyard.(As of January1, 1998,the use of a body belt
for personalfall arrest is prohibitedby OSHA.)
body harness - a compon€ntin a personallall arrestsystemconsisting of an assembly of straps which are securedabout the waist, chest,
shoulders,and legsof a person,witha meansfor attachingthe ass€mbly to a lanyard.
bolt- a cylindricaltastenerwith elrtemalscrewthreadsat one end and
a headconfiguration
suchhexagonal,square,orroundatthe otherend,
which conforms to the dimensional and material specificationspublishedfor bolts.(Thesespecificationsare differenttrom thoselor cap
screws.)
boom - a movable,mechanicalstructurethat is used to supporta
platform,materialhandlingcomponentsand/or other attachmentson a
unit.
boom angle indlcator- a device which indicatesth€ angle between
the boom centerlineand a horizontalplane.
boom flares - steel structures mounted on the boom tip of a digger
denick which are used to protect the boom tip from loads and support
polescarriedon the winch line.
boom tunctions valve - the controlvalve on a diggerderrick that
directs hydraulic pressure and flow to the boom functions (boom,
rotation,intermediateboom, upperboom)hydrauliccircuits.
boom pin - the horizontal pin that connec{s the lower boom to the
turntableor riser.
boom resl- the structuralmember attachedto the chassisor body to
supportthe lower boom in the travelor rest position.
boom stow swltch - a limit switch which is actuated to shut otf the
boom lowerfunctionwhen the boom reachesits stowedpositionin the
boom rest.
boom stowvalve- a mechanicallyactuatedhydraulicvalvethat limits
the downward pressure ol a boom as it is plac€d in its rest.
boom tip - 1: the end of an extendibleboomthat is farthestfrom the
turntable. 2: the end of an articulatingboom that becomes positioned
farthestfrom the tumtable when the boom is lully unfolded.
boom tip ldler sheave - the upper sheave in a digger derick upper
boom tip containingtwo sheaves,which carriesthe winch line as it
travelsfrom the winch to the lowersheave(boomtip sheave).
boom tlp pin - a horizontal pin at the upper boom tip. Plattorm
mountingbracket(s)and materialhandlingdevicesare fastenedto this
pin.
boom tip sheave - 1: the sheavein a diggerderrickupperboomtip
containing only one sheave, which carries the winch line as it travels
fromthe winchto the load.2:the lowersheavein a diggerderrickupper
boom tip containing two sheaves, which canies the winch line as it
travelsfrom the uppersheave(boomtip idlersheave)to the load.
boom tlp tools - see upper tool circuit.
boom tip winch - a winch located at the tip of a boom.
bore-the insidediameterol a pipe,tube,cylinderbarrel,orcylindrical
hole in any ot variousother components.
boss - protruding material on a part which adds strength,tacilitates
assembly,providesfor fastenings,etc.
brake - a device used to slow or stop the rotation or movemenl of a
componentsuch as a rotationgearbox,winch, gravityleveledplatform,
or arbor bar.
breather- a device that permits air to move in and out of a container
or componentto maintainatmosphericpressure.
inwhichthetumtableis
brldge mount-a unitmountingconfiguration
mounted on a pedestal structure which forms a bridge over the cargo
area.
systemutilizingfiber
broadband - a high speed telecommunication
optic and/orcoaxialcable.
bucket - see platform.
buckeye - see torged pin retainer.
bull wheel assembly - an assemblyof steelrollersusedas a portion
of a cablestringingsystem.
burst pressure - the minimuminternalpressurethat will cause a
hose, tube, cylinder,or other hydraulicor pneumaticcomponentto
ruptureor splitopen.
button head - a type of cap screw with a roundedhead containinga
socketinto which a tool can be insertedto tum the cao screw.
Appendix- Glossary
passagelor lluidflow.
bypass- a secondary
bypassvalve- a hydraulic
valvethatallowsforan altematepassage
forfluidflow.
cable- 1: a wireor wireropeby whichforceis exertedto controlor
operate
a mechanism.2:
anassembly
oftwoormoreelectrical
conductorsor opticalfiberslaiduptogether,usuallyby beingtwistedarounda
centralaxisand/orby beingenclosedwithinan outercovering.
cablechute - a deviceusedto guidecableintostrandfor lashingthe
cableto the strandwhenplacingcable.A trolleyallowsthe deviceto
rideonthestrandas cableis fedthroughthechute.
cabledrlvesystem- an upperboomdrivemechanism
whichutilizes
cablesto produce
upperboommovement.
cableguide- a bracketwhichis mountedon a boomto guidethe
winchline.
cablekeeper-1 : a mechanical
deviceattachedto a cablethatis used
to maintain
theposition
ol thecableona sheave.
2: a component
used
to preventa cableor winchlinetromcomingoff a sheave.
cablelasher- a mechanical
devicewhichwrapslashingwirein a
spiralconfiguration
arounda lengthofsuspension'strand
ani adjacent
communication
cable.
cable lug - a mechanical
deviceatlachedto a cablethat is usedto
maintain
theposition
of thecableon a sheave.
cableplacer- a typeof aerialdevicewhichcontainsa cablestringing
systemand associatedcomponentsfor use in erectingovertread
communication
cable.
cableslug - theste€lendfittingat eachendof the drivecablein an
upperboomdrivesystem.Oneendis attachedto the cylinderrodand
theotheris securedin a pocketon the outerpivotsheave.
cable strlnglng system - the group of steel rollers,bull wheel
assembli€s,
and fairleadwhich directs
strandsheaveassemblies
communication
cableorsuspension
strandfromthe reelit is storedon
to theworkingpositionof theoperator.
callbrate-to check,adjust,ordetermine
bymeasurement
incomparisonwitha standard,
thepropervalue
ofeachscalereading
orsetting
on
a meteror oth6rdevice.
callper- a measuringinstrument
withtwo legsor iawsthat can be
adjustedto determine
thedistancebetweentwosurfaces.
cam-a rotating
orslidingpiecethat
imparts
motionto a rollermoving
againstits edgeor to a pinfreeto movein a grooveon its faceor that
receivesmotionfromsucha roll€ror pin.
candllng- a methodof inspecting
filamentwoundfiberglassbooms
byslowlypassing
a lightthroughtheinsideof theboomin a darkened
area.Cracks,crazing,and otherdamageshow up as dark spotsor
shadows.
cap- a devicelocatedon thehandof a reellifterthatis usedto retain
thearborbar.
capend- seebaseend.
cap screw- a cylindrical
fastenerwithextemalscrewthreadsat one
end and a headconfiguration
such as hexagonal,hex socket,flat
countersunk,
round,or slottedat theotherend,whichcontormsto the
publishedlor cap screws.
dimensional
andmaterialspecifications
cepacltlvecoupllng- thetranslerolelectrical
energylromonecircuit
gap.
to another
througha dielectric
capacltychart - a tableor graphshowingthe loadcapacity,rated
capacity,or ratedloadcapacityfiguresfor a unitor accessory.
captlvealr system- a closedcircuit,lowpressurepneumatic
system
usedto actuatea pressureswitchby meansof a manuallyoperatedair
plunger.
cartridge- 1: thereplaceable
element
of a tluidfilter.2: thereplaceablepumpingunitof a vanepump,compos€dof the rotor,ring,vanes
andsideplates.3: A removeable
hydraulic
valvethatis screwedinto
placein a cavityin a hydraulicmainitoldor rylinder.
catrac- seehosecarrier.
caution- information
thatindicatesa potentially
hazardoussituation
which,if notavoided,
mayresultinminorormoderate
iniury.lt mayalso
be usedto alertagainstunsafepractices.
cavltation- theformation
of gaseous
voidsin hydraulic
fluidcaused
bya lowpressure
whichtypicallyoccurswheninletstarvation
condition
prevents
thepumpfromfillingcompletely
withfluid.Thecharacteristic
soundof cavitation
is a highpitchedscream.
centermount- seebehindcabmount.
center of gravlty - the point in a component or assembly around
whichits weight is evenlybalanced.
centerline of rotatlon - the verticalaxis about which the tumtable of
a unitrotates.
centrlfugalpump - a pump in whichmotionand forceare appliedto
fluidby a rotatingimpellerwithina housing.
chain- a seriesof identicalrigidsegm€ntsconnectedto eachotherat
joints which allow each s€gment to pivot with rsspect to adjacent
segments,usedto transmitmechanicalforce.
chaln extenslon system - a mechanical system consisting of a
motor,gearbox,chains,and sprocketsthat is usedto extendand retract
an extendibleupperboom.
chaln sllng - an invertedY-shapedlengthof chain usedfor liftinga
strand reel with an aerial device and placing it in a strand carrier.
chamber - a compartmentwithin a hydrauliccomponsntthat may
contain elements to aid in operation or control, such as a spring
chamberor drainchamber.
channel-a fluidpassagethathasa largelengthdimensioncompared
to the dimension of the cross-section.
charge- to fill an accumulatorwith tluid underpressure.
charge pressure - the pressure, above atmospheric pressure, at
whichreplenishingfluid is lorced into the hydraulicsystem.
chassls- a vehicleon whicha unitis mounted,suchas a truck,trailer,
or all-terrainvehicle.
checkvalve - a valvethat permitsflowof fluidin one direction,butnot
in the reverse direc'tion.
clrcult - the complete path of flow in a hydraulicor electricalsystem.
circult breaker - a form of electrical switch which opens (trips) to
interrupta circuit when it senses €xcessive current flow that may be
caused by a short circuit, to protect wiring and components trom
damage.Some types of circuitbreakersr€setautomatically
whenthe
excessivecurrent discontinuesand others must be reset manually.
clevls- a U-shapedtasteningdevicesecuredby a pin or boltthrough
holesin the ends of two arms.
closed centel - a directionalvalve designin which pump outputis
blockedby the valvespool(s)whenthe valvespool(s)is in thecenteror
neutraloperating condition.
clutch - the device on a reel lifterwhich allowsthe connectionand
disconnection
of the arbor bar and the drivor.
coaxialcable-a typeof shieldedcableusedforconductingtelecommunicationsignals,in which the signalcarrieris a singlewir€ at the
core,surroundedby a layer of insulatingmaterial,which is in tum
surroundedby a metallic, conductive layer which s€rvss as a shield,
withan overallouter layerof insulation.
comblned dlgger derrlck and platform use - the stabilitycriteriator
a diggerderrick mobile unit which indicatesthat the load capacitychart
and stability requirementsapply to the use of the derrick for lifting of
loadswith the winch line at the upperboomtip or materialhandlingjib
tip, with the platform occupied.
come-along - a device for grippingand puttingtension into a length
of cable,wire, rope, or chain by meansof two jaws or attachingdevices
whichmove closer together when the operatorpulls on a lever.
communlcatlon cable - a copp€rwire, coaxial,or fiber opticcable
usedlor conductingtelecommunication
signals.
compensatinglink-a mechanicallinkagethatservesas a connector
betweenthe tumtableand the upperboom drive mechanism.As the
lowerboom is raisedor lowered,this linkagecausesthe upperboomto
maintainits relativeangle in relationshipto the ground.
compensator - a valve spool that is used to maintain a constant
pressuredrop regardlessof supplyor load pressure.
compensatorcontrol - a controltor a variabledisplacementpump
thataltersdisplacementin responseto pressurechangesin the system
as relatedto its adiustedpressuresetting.
assembly.
component - a singlepart or self-contained
compressiblllty - the change in volumeof a unit volumeof a fluid
whenit is subjectedto a unit changein pressure.
conductive - havingthe abilityto act as a transmitterof electricity.
will flow throughmetal,thereforemetalis conductive.
Electricity
conductive shield - a deviceusedto shieldthe lowertest electrode
systemlrom capacitivecoupling.
9-97
conductor-a wire,cable,or otherbodyor mediumthat is suitabletor
carryingelectriccurrent.
constant reslstlvlty monltor- device used to continuouslymeasure
the electricalresistanceol the wash water in the tank of an insulator
washer.
contamlnate - to renderunfit or to soil by introductionol foreignor
unwantedmaterial.
contlnuous rotation -a rotationsystem in which the tumtable is able
to rotatean unlimitednumber of revolutionsabout the centerlineof
rotationwithout restriction.
control - a device,suchas a leveror handle,whichis actuatedby the
operatorto regulatethe directionand speedof one or morefunctionsof
a unit.
control statlon - a position where controls for unit operation are
locatod.These positionsmay includethe platform,upper boom tip,
turntable,pedestalor vehicletailshelf.
control valve - a directionalvalve controlledby an operator, used to
controlthe motion or function of an actuator or system.
cooler - a heat exchanger used to remove heat from the hydraulic
fluid.
corner mount-a pedestalmountingpositionlocatedbehindthe rear
axle(s)with the centerlineof rotationlocatedto one side of the chassis.
colona rlng - see gradientcontroldevice.
counterbalance valve - a load holding valve that can be opened to
allow flow in the normally blocked direction by applying hydraulic
pr€ssureto a pilot port,and which containsa reliefcapabilityto allow
flowfromtheblockeddirectionif the blockedpressureexceedsacertain
value.
cracklng pressure-the pressureatwhicha pressureactuatedvalve,
such as a relief valve, begins to pass fluid.
crazlng - a networkof tine cracks on or below the fiberglasssurface.
Crazing often occurs when the fiberglass is struck with a blunt oblect,
sometimescausingdeformationand breakdownol the fiberglassresin.
crosstelk - a torm of interference in which one circuit or channel
receivessome unitentionalsignal from another.
cross-ported - a hydraulicpath connectedbetweenth€ two opposite
flow paths of a hydrauliccircuitthat allows a route for flow between the
two paths in lieu of flow thru an actuator. To allow sensing of the
pressurein one path by a componentinstalledin the other path.
cst (centlstoke) - a metric unit of kinematicviscosity. In customary
use, €quallo the kinematicviscosityof a fluid having dynamicviscosity
of one centiposeand a densityof one gram per cubic centimeter.
curb slde - the side of a vehiclewhich is oppositefrom oncoming
trafficwhen th€ vehicle is travslingforuard in the normal direction in a
lane of traffic.
cushlon -a device built into a hydrauliccylinderthat restrictsthe flow
motionolthe rodas it reachestheend
of fluidattheoutletporttoslowthe
of its stroke.
custom optlon - an option which is not shown on a standard order
lorm and which requiresadditionalengineeringwork to supply.
cyllnder - a dovicethat convertsfluid power into linear mechanical
force and motion. lt usually consists of a moveable piston and rod, or
plunger,operatingwithina cylindricalbore.
danger-information thatindicatesan imminentlyhazardoussituation
which,it not avoided,will resultin death or seriousinjury.This signal
word is to be used in the most extreme situations.
DC pump-a pumpwhichis poweredbya directcurrentelectric
motor.
dead band - the areaor rangenearthe centerrest positionof a hand
controlwherethe lunctiondoes not respondto movementof the lever or
handle.
decal - a thin sheet of flexiblematerialwhich is attach€dto another
surface by adhesive, and is used to convey instructions,information
and wamings.
deenergize-to removeelectricalpowerfroma device,as fromthe coil
of a solenoidvalve.
delivery - the volumeof fluid dischargedby a pump in a giventime,
usuallyexpressedin gallonsper minute(gpm).
demulsibility - the abilityof a liquidto expel anothertype of liquid.
Commonlyusedto describea fluid'sabilityto causewaterto separate
out ratherthan beingheld in suspension.
Appendix- Glossary
deslgn voltage - the maximumratedline voltaoefor whichan aerial
devicehas been designed,and for which it can 5e qualifiecl.
dete.nt- a device for positioningand holding one mechanicalpart in
relationto another so that the device can be releasedby force a'pplied
to one of the parts.
dlagnostic- relatingto the pracliceof investigation
or analysisof the
causeor natureof a condition,situation,or problem.
diagonal brace - the structuralmemberaftachednear the top of a
comer mount pedestaland e)|tendingdownwardand fonivardto a point
of attachmenton the subbase or vehicle frame between the pedestal
and the vehicle cab.
dial indicator - a meteror gaugewith a calibratedcirculartace and a
spring-loadedplunger,used as a measuringdevice.
diegrinder- a small,hand held,rotarygrindingtool.
dielectrlc - nonconductiveto electricalcurrent.
diflerential cylinder- any cylinderthathastwo opposedpistonareas
that are not equal.
dlgger - the mechanismwhich drivesthe auger.
digger ball - a tubular housing attached to the gearbox portion of a
digger,which surroundsthe motbr and providesari attachnientpointto
the digger link.
digger derrlck - a multipurpose, vehicle-mounteddevice with an
extendibleboom which may accommodatecomponentsthat dig cylindricalholes,set utilitypoles,and positionmaterihls,apparatus,'and/or
p€rsonnel.
digger derrick use - the stabilitycriteriafor a digoerdenick mobile
unit which indicatesthat the load'capacitychart aid stabilityrequirementsapplytotheuse of thederrickforliftingofloadswiththewinchline
at the upper boom tip or mat€rial handling jib tip, with the platform
stowed or removed, if so equipped.
dlgger hanger bracket - the structuralmemberon a diggerdenick
which supportsthe diggerlink on the extendibleboom.
digger latch mechanlsm -a mechanismwhichsecuresthe diggerto
ths lower boom when it is stowed and to the extendibleboom wh!-nit is
unstowed.
digger llnk - the structuralmemberwhichattachesth€ diggerio the
diggerhangerbracket.
diogerAvinchvalve -the controlvalveon a diggerderrickthatdirects
hydraulicpressureand flow to the diggerand wiich hydrauliccircuits.
digital signal- an elec{ricalsignalthat communicatesinformationby
the use of two distinctlevelsol voltageor current,a high,bn" levelana
a low "offl level, which are sent in a series of pulses.The timing of the
pulsesis used to indicatethe levelof an input parametersuchasiontrol
lever position, or inlormation such as the address setting of a radio
control transmitterlinking it to its receiver.
diode - an electrical component that allows current flow in one
direction but not in the reverse direction.
directional valve - a valve that setectivelydirects or prevents fluid
flow through desired passages.
displacement - the quantity of fluid that can pass through a pump,
motor or cylinder in a single revolutionor stroke.
docking statlon -a device usedto mounta remotecontroltransmitter
on a platform.
dog clutch - see drum clutch.
double.acting cylinder - a cylinderin which fluid pressurecan be
appliedto eitherside ol the pistonto move the rod in eitherdirection.
double elevator - an elevator lift with two load carrying arms. The
doubleelevatorsystemincludesa lowerpedestal,lowerarm,lowerarm
cylinde(s),riser,upperarm,upperarmcylinder(s),
andupperpedestal,
plus parallellinks in both the lower and uppersections.
double-pole, double-throw (DPDT)swltch - a six-terminalelectrical
switch or relaythat connects,at the same time, one pair of terminalsto
eitherol two other pairsof terminals.
double-pole,slngle-throw (DPST)switch - a four-terminal
electrical
switch or relay that, at the same time, opens or closes two separate
circuitsor both sides of the same circuit.
down load - the downward force created when an extemal force is
exertedon the boom, such as a winch pullingcableon a cableplacer.
drain - a passageor a line from a hydrauliccomponentthat retums
leakagefluidto the reservoir.
Appendix- Glossary
drllt - 1: a gradual,uncontrolled
changelrom a set positionof an
actuatoror component.
23a toolfor rammingor drivingsomething.
drlver - the gearboxand motorassemblyon a reel lifterwhichis
connected
to anddisconnected
fromthe arborbarthroughthe clutch
assembly.
drumclutch-a clutchconsisting
oftwoormoredrivetugsthatengage
similardrivenlugsto transmittorque.Commonly
usedbetweenthe
gearboxandcabledrumon frontor bedmountedwinches.
dumpvalve-a normallyopen,
two-position,
two-wayvalvethat
sends
pumpflowlhro.uSla pathgoingdirectlyto the reservoiror bypassing
nydraulrc
circuitwhenit is not actuated,preventingoperationof the
hydraulic
systemor circuit.Whenit is actuated,
it closdsotfthispath,
redirecting
flowto thehydraulic
systemor circuitto allowoperation.
dynamometer- an instrumentfor measuringmechanicalforce or
power.
earthanchor- seescrewanchor.
eccentricring - a ringwiththecenterholelocatedin a positionotfthe
geomotnccenter,commonlyusedto adjustthe positionof the rotation
pinionwithrespectto the rotationbearinggearteeth.
eccentrlcflng lock - a devicewhichengagesa holeor notchin an
eccentricringto preventthe ringfromrotating.
etflclency-the ratioofoutputtoinput.Volumetric
efficiencyofa pump
is.theactualoutputin gpmdividedby thetheoretical
or designoi.rtput.
The.overallefficiency
of a hydraulic
systemis theoutputpow-er
divided
by theinputpower.Efficiency
is usuallyexpressedas a percent.
elbo$,- the structureon an articulating-boom
aerial devicethat
connectsthe upperboomto the lowerboom.The elbowallowsthe
upperboomto pivotrelativeto the lowerboom.
elbowbearlng- the rotatingmemb€rthatallowsthe upperboomto
rotatearound
thesndofthelowerboom.
Usedonaerialdeviceswiththe
upperandlowerboomsmounted
sideby side.
elbow pin - the horizontalpin that attachesthe upperboomto the
lowerboomon an articulating-boom
aerialdevice.Used on aerial
deviceswiththe upperboommountedoverthe lowerboom.
electrlcalharness- an assemblyof electricalwiresthat is usedto
deliverelectrical
cunentbetweencomponents.
electrocutlon- receivingan olectricalshockresultingin death.
electrohydraullc- a combination
of electricand hydrauliccontrol
mechanisms
in whichanelectrically
controlledactuatoiis usedto shift
thespoolin a hydrauliccontrolvalve.
electrohydraullccontrol system - a controlsystemin whichthe
tunctioncontrolhandlesareconnected
to electriccontrols.Theelectric
controlsactuateelectrohydraulic
valvesto operatethefunctionsof the
unit.
electrohydraullcvalve- a direclional
valvethatreceivesa variable
orcontrolled
electrical
signalwhich
isusedtocontrolormeterhydraulic
flow.
elevatorllft - a systemlocatedbetweenthetumtableandsubbaseof
anaerialdevicewhichis usedlor liftingtheaerialdeviceto increasethe
platformworking.height.
This systemmay be configuredas a single
elevatoror a doubleelevator.
elevatorunlt - the overalldeviceincludingthesubbase,elevatorlift
andthe aerialdevice.
emergencyloweringvalve - a manuallyoperatedhydraulicvalve
usedto lowerthe boomin theeventof powerfailure.
emer.gency
operatlngDC pump- a lowflowhydraulicpumpdriven
byadirectcurrentelectric
motor.
Thispumpisusedtoprovidehydraulic
tlowtostowthe
unitinemergencysituationswhentheiystem
foinormal
operationhasfailed.
emergencyoperatlngsystem - thosecomponentsthat allowfor
€mergencyoperationto stow the unit when the systemfor normal
operationhasfailed.
partthatscrewsintoor is retainedin
end gland- a hollow,cylindrical
the openend of a hydraulic
cylinderbarrel,throughwhichthe rod
protrudes.
end-mountedplatlorm- a platformwhichis attachedto a mountino
bracketthatextendsbeyondtheboomtip,positioning
theplatform(anE
platform
rotationpivot,if so equipped)
beyondthdend'ofthe uiper
DOOm.
energize - to send electricalpower to a device,as to the coil of a
solenoidvalve.
energlzedconductor - an apparatusthat is transmitting
etec{ric
cunent.
energy- theabilityor capacityto dowolk,measured
in unitsof work.
extendlble-capable
oflinearmovementof
oneormoreportions
ofan
assembly
to incrEase
the overalllengthor reachof theassembly.
extendlble-boomaerlal
devlce-an aerialdevicewith
atelescopicor
extendible
boomassembly,
extensloncyllnder- a hydraulic
cylinderwhichextendsandretrac,ts
anextendible
boom(s).
falrlead- the groupof steelrollersat the platformof a cableplacer
whichguidethecableor suspension
strandduringtheplacingprocess.
fall arrestsystem- a systemconsistingof a bodyhamessor body
belt,a decelerating
lanyard,connoctors,
and an anchorpointat th6
boomtip,usedto catchandholda personwhofallsfroma platform.
(As
of January1, 1998,the uss of a bodybeltfor personalfall arresiis
prohibited
by OSHA.)
feedback(feedbackslgnal)-the retumof partof anoutputsignalto
th€inputfor the purposeof modification
andcontrolol theoutput.
feedertube - a telescopichydraulictubeassemblymount€don an
€xtendible
boomwhichcarriespumpflowto a dsvicemountedon the
portionof the boomsuchas a diggeror boomtip winch.
extendible
flber optlc cable - a type of cableusedfor conductingcontrolor
t€lecommunication
signals,inwhichthesignalcarder(s)
isoneormore
opticalfibers,enclosedwithinan outercovedng.
flber optlcs - the useof transparent
fibersof glassor plasticwhich
transmitlightsignalsthroughoutthe
lengthofthefiber.Commonly
used
totransmitsignalsfroma remotecontrol.
flberglass-glassinfibrousform
addedasareintorcementto
aplastic
forusein makingvariousproducts.
llllerbreathercap-the componentonthe
topofa reservoirthatallows
airto enterand€xitthereservoiras thefluidlevelchanges,andwhich
canbe removedto accessa fill holewhenaddinghydraulic
fluidto the
reservoir.
fllter - a devic€throughwhichfluidis passedto removeand retain
insoluble
contaminants
froma lluid.
fllter cart - a portabledevicewhichcan be connectedto a unit's
hydraulicsystemto filterwaterand/orothercontaminants
out of the
hydraulic
systemfluid.
lllter cartrldge- a componenlcontaining
filtrationmaterialwhichis
installed
withina filterhousingor attachedto a filterreceptacle
for use,
andcanbe removedandreplacedas a self-contained
unit.
llrm loollng - outrigg€rplacement
anderit€nsion
in accordance
with
theinstructions
in a unit'soperator'smanualto ensureproperleveling
ofthevehicleand adequatestabilitywhenoperatingthe unit.
flred dlsplacementpump- a pumpin whichdisplacement
is constant,so thattheoutputflowcanbe changedonlyby varyingthedrive
speed.
llange- on a flangeandlugpinretaining
syst€m,
anendplatethatis
weldedto oneendolth€pin.Thepurposeoftheflangeistopositionthe
pinin the connection.
pin retention
flangeand lug pln rctalnlng system - a connecting
systemin whichan €nd plateis weldedto one end of the pin and a
plateis attachedwithcapscrewsto theotherendto holdthe
retaining
pinin position.
flashover-a disruptive
electrical
discharge
atth€surfaceotelectrical
insulation
or in the surrounding
medium,whic,hmayor maynotcause
permanent
damageto theinsulation.
llatstromflngertlght(F.F.F.T.)-amethod
ofcounting
thenumberof
wrenchflatswhentighteninga hydraulicadapterto establish
a torque
value.
tlat-shoeoutrlgger- an outriggerwhichhasa shoethatis fixedin a
position.
hodzontal
flighting- a curvedplateor seriesof curvedplatesweldedtogether,
spiraling
alongtheaxisof an augertubeor screwanchorrod.
flow- themovementof tluidgenerated
by pressuredifferences.
llow control valve- a valvethatregulates
the rateof lluidflow.
flow rate- thevolume,massor weightof a fluidpassingthroughany
perunitof time.
conductor
partofa nozzleusedtostraighten
flowstraightener-acomponent
or
removeanyswirlingmotionol lluidgoingthroughthe nozzle.
9-97
tlowmeter- an instrument
usedto measurethellow rateof fluidin a
hydraulic
tubeor hose.
fluld - a liquidthat is speciallycompoundedfor use as a power
transmitting
mediumin a hydraulicsystem.
fold - to movea pivotingstructur€suchan articulatingupperboom
towardits stowedposition.
fold-upshoeoutrlgger- an outrigger
whichhasa shoethatpivots
intoa verticalpositionwhenthe outriggeris fullyretracted.
force - anypushor pullmeasuredin unitsol weight.
lorgedplnretalner-a pinretainermadelrom
torgedsteel,consisting
of a slender,cylindrical
bodywitha flattened,circularheadat oneend,
witha mountingholethroughtheheadperpendicular
to lhe body.The
bodyis insededlhrougha holein thepinto be retained,
andthehead
is fastenedto theadjacentstructurewitha cap screw.
lour-wayvalve- a valvehavingfourportsfor directionof fluidflow.
FPS- FluidPowerSociety.
lrequency- the numberof tim€san actionoccursin a unitof time.
gasket-a packing
madeofa deformable
form
material,
usuallyinthe
of a sheetor ring,usedto makea pressuretightfit betweenstationary
pafts.
gatevalve- se€shutoflvlave.
gaugepressure- a pressurescalethat ignoresatmospheric
prespressureas its zero point.lts zero
sureby establishing
atmospheric
pointis 14.7psiabsolute.
gaugesnubber- seesnubbervalve.
gearbor- an assemblywithintemalspeedchanginggears;a transmission.Gearboxesare commonlyused to transmitpowerlrom a
hydraulic
motorto operat€a functionthroughan outputshaft.
gelcoat- a protectivecoatingused on fiberglasscomponentsto
preventthewickingof moistureintothefiberglassstrandsandto retard
thedegrading
effectof ultraviolet
lighton thefiberglass.
GFI-ground laultinterrupter.
gln pole- a verticalphase-holding
apparatuswhichis attachedto a
platfomor upperboomtip.
gpm- gallonsperminute.
gradlentcontro!devlce- a deviceat the upperendof an insulating
boomthalreduceselec{dcal
stresslevel(s)belowthatconsidered
to be
disruptive.
gravltylevellngsystsm-a systemwhichusestheforc€otgravityto
k€epthe bottomof a platformparallelto levelgroundas the boomis
raisedor lowered.Onemeansof accomplishing
thisis by allowingthe
platlormto pivotfreelyabouta horizontalshafi attachedabovethe
platform's
centerol gravity.
greaseflttlng - a smallfittingthatactsas the connectionbetweena
greasegunandthecomponsnt
to be lubricated.
grlppertool - a component
usedfor graspingan objector electrical
linesthroughthe useof an articulated
mechanism.
ground- 1:a largeconducting
bodywitha potentialofzerovoltsused
asa oommoncunent
retumforanelectriccircuit.2:
anobiectthatmakes
an electrical
connection
witha groundor withthe earth.
groundlault Intenupter(GFl)- a tastactinglormof circuitbreaker
thatopenstoinlerruptan€lectricalcircuitif
itsensesaverysmall
cun€nt
leakag€to ground,to protectpersonnelagainsta potentialshock
hazardfromdefective
electricaltools
orwiring.lt doesthisbymonitoring
loranydifterence
incunentflowbetweenthehotand
neutralwiresinthe
circuit.Animbalance
exceeding
a verysmallpresetvalueindicat€s
that
pathtoground,
currentisfinding
animproper
andcausesthe
breakerto
trip.
guardrlng- se€conductive
shield.
hand- an eritension
of lhe reellifterarm that allowsfor loadingthe
arborbar.
handcontrol- a handoperatedcontrolleveror handlelocatedat a
controlstationusedto regulatea functionof a unit,wherethespeedof
thefunctionis proportional
lo thedistancethe controlis moved.
heat- theformof energythathasthecapacityto createwarmthor to
increasethetemperature
of a substance.
Anyenergythatis wastedor
usedto overcomefrictionis convertedto heat.Heatis measuredin
calories
or Britishthermalunits(Btu).OneBtuis the amountof heat
required
to raisethetemperature
of onepoundof wateronedegree
Fahrenheit.
Appendix- Glossary
heatexchanger- a devicsthattranslersheatthrougha conducting
wallfromonefluidlo anotheror intotheatmosphere.
herts(Hz)- a unitof frequencyequalto onecyclepersecond.
hlgh tooth - theindividualtoothoutof allthegearteethon a rotation
bearingatwhichtheminimumbacklashoccurswiththerotationpinion.
Thisis becauseol a slightdifference
betweentheactualandtheoretical
toothpitchlinesdueto manufaciudng
tolerances.
HLIW- hotlineinsulatorwasher.
holdlngvalve- seeloadholdingvalve.
HOP- seehydraulicoverloadprotectionsyst€m.
horsepower(HP)- the powerrequiredto lift550poundsonefootin
onesecondor 33,000pounds1 lootin oneminute.Onehorsepower
is
equalto 746wattsorto 42.4Bdtishthermalunitsperminute.
hosecarrler- a flexiblecomponent
whichcontains
hydraulic,
electrical, and/orair lines,usuallymountedinsideor alongthe side of an
extendible
boom.As the boomis extended.
thehosecarrierunfoldsin
a rollingmotionto allowthe linesto extendwiththe boom.
hose carrlertube - a rigid,errclosed
tubewhichcontainshydraulic,
electrical,and/orair lines,and may containcomponentsfor upper
controls.lt is usuallyattachedto a hos€ carrieron the side of an
extendibleboom.
hot llneInsulatorwasher(HLIW)- a vehicle-mounted
devicewhich
poleandstructure
isdesigned
andusedforcleaning
mountsdtransmissionand distribution
insulatorc.
HTMA- HydraulicToolManufacturer's
Association.
Huck bolt - a bolt-likelastenerthat is placedin positionand then
stretchedwhilean endlittingis swagedon. Commonly
usedlo attach
a pedestal,subbase,and/oroutriggers
to a vehicleframe.
hydrant-a dischargepipewitha valveandspoutatwhichwat€rmay
be drawnfroma watermain.
hydraullccontrol-a controlthatis actuatedbyhydraulically
induced
forces.
hydraullclevelingaystem- an automatichydrauliccontrolsystem
whichkeepsthebottomof a platformparallelto or ata lixedangletothe
tumtablebaseplateas the boomis raisedor lowered.Onemeansof
accomplishing
hydraulicfluidbetweena master
this is by transterring
cylinderactuat€dby mov€ment
ol thelowerboomanda slavecylinder
mountedbetweenthe platfomandthe upperboom.
hydraullc overload protectlon (HOP)system - the systemon a
diggerderrickthatshutsoffceftainlunctionsto helppreventdamageto
thediggerdenickstructurewhenan ovedoadis appliedto theboomin
the downwarddirection.
hydraullcschematlc- a drawingthatusescommonhydraulicsymbolsto representthe hydraulicsystemof the unit.
hydraullcswlvel - a fluidconducting
fittinghavingtwoioinedparts
that are capableol pivotingfreelyabouteachotherto accomodate
motionof an attachedhydraulicline.
hydraullcallyextendiblellb - a jib boomthatmaybe extended
or
retractedby hydraulicpower.
p€rtaining
hydraullcs-an engineering
science
to liquidpressure
and
llow.
Individual address settlng - the code that identifi€sa specific
to a specific
transmitteras the one emittingthe signalcorresponding
receiver'sreceptionaddress.
portions
inseriesbetweentwo
In-llne-the installation
ofa component
so thatflow in the lineor
of a hydrauliclineor electrical
conductor
and
conductortowardthe componentpassesthroughthecomponent
continueson in the lineor conductoron the otherside,
thesumolthemoments
lnstablllty-a condition
ol a mobileunitwhere
thesumofthe
tending
toovertumthemobileunitisequaltoorexceeds
moments
tendingto resistovertuming.
components
insulatedaerialdevice- anaerialdevicewithdielectric
designedand testedto meetthe specificelectricalinsulatingrating
nameplate.
withthemanufacturer's
consistent
forandmanuinsulateddiggerderrlck- a diggerderrickdesigned
conductors
boom(s)forusearoundenergized
lacturedwitha fiberglass
at a maximumot 46 kV ohaseto ghase.
liner.
insulatedliner- seeplatform
of a power
conductor
theenergized
insulator- a devicethatisolates
linefromthesupportstructure.
Appendix- Glossary
Intercomsyslem- a transmitter
andreceiversystemthatallowstwowayverbalcommunication
betweena platformoperatoranda person
at groundlevel.
or reception
Interlerence- anyenergythatinhibitsthetransmission
of electricalor radiosignals.
boomsection
which
lntermediate
boom(lNTBOOM)-an extendible
islocatedbetween
andthelowerboominanextendible
theupperboom
boomassembly.
ISO- Intemational
Standards
Organization.
is
screwed
downfirmlyagainstanothernut to
nut
a
nut
that
lam
preventloosening.
law clutch-see drumclutch.
llb - anauxiliaryboomwhichattachesto theupperboomtipto extend
thereachof theboom.
JIC- JointIndustryConference.
Joystlck- a twoor threeaxiscontrolleverwhichallowsthe operator
to simultaneously
controlmultiplefunctions.
box
an
enclosedcentralconnectingpointfor electrical
lunctlon
wiring.
kelly bar - seeaug€rext€nsionshaft.
piecethatfitsintogroovesin twoadiacentparts
key- a parallel-sided
to preventmovementbetweenthe parts.Oftenusedas the driving
memberbetweena shaftanda sheaveor winchdrum.
keyway- a groovethatis cutin a shaftor borefor a keyto fit into.
kllovolts(kV)- a unitof potentialdifferenceequalto 1,000volts.
knuckle- seeelbow.
L-bracket- an L-shapedweldmentthatis usedto connecta splicer
platlormto the upperboomtip.
lanyard- a component
in a personalfallarrestsystemconsistingof a
flexible,nonmetallic
strapor ropewith a connectorat each end for
connectinga bodyhamessor bodybeltto a specifiedanchorpoint
provided
a personin a fall
attheboomtip,usedto catchanddecelerate
fromthe platform.(Asof January1, 1998,the use of a bodybelttor
personaltallarrestis prohibited
by OSHA.)
lashlngwlre- a thin,solidwirewhichis wrappedin a spiralconfigurationarounda lengthof suspension
strandandadjacentcommunicationcablesothatthesuspension
strandcaniestheweightof thecable.
lay-the lengthol wireropeinwhichonestrandmakesonecomplete
spiralaroundthe rope.
layer- allwrapsofwinchlineona winchdrumwhichareon thesam€
levelbetweendrumflanges.
leakagemonltor system - a meansby whichcurrentleakageis
measuredthroughthe insulatedsections(s)
ol a boomto confirmof
dielectricintegrity.
system
levellngcable-thewire ropeportionofa mechanicalleveling
thatoassesoverthesheaves.
levellngchaln-thechainportion
ofa mechanicalleveling
systemthat
passesoverthesprockets.
levellngcyllnder- a cylinderthatis usedin a master/slave
arangelevelthe platform.
mentin a hydrauliclevelingsystomto hydraulically
levellngrod - a slender,round,fiberglassrodusedin a mechanical
levelingsystemthat passesthrougha unit's boomto connectthe
levelingchainsor cablesat eachendof the boom.
levellngsystem- seeplatformlevelingsystem.
leverage- a gainin outputforceoverinputlorce;mechanical
advantageor forcemultiplication.
movesthe
llft cylinder-the hydraulic
cylinderthat
lowerboomupand
downon a diggerderrickor extendible-boom
aerialdevice.
llfter cyllnder- thehydrauliccylinderthatmovesthe reellifterarms.
llftlng eye- a shackleor weldmentusedfor attachingchain,cable,
rope,etc.to a boomfor materialhandling.
lightemlttlngdiode(LED)- a semiconductor
diodethatemitslight
whensubjected
to an appliedvoltage.LEDsare usedfor electronic
display.
line- a tube,pipeor hoseusedas a passageway
to movehydraulic
fluid.
line.
linear- in a straight
Y-v/
llnearactuator- a devicetor converlinghydraulic
energyintolinear
motionsuchas a cylinderor ram.
llnearposltiontransducer- an €xtendible
lengthmeasuring
device
whichproducesa variableelectricalsignalthat is proportional
to the
lengthto whichthedeviceis extended.
liner- seeplatform
liner.
llnk- thesecondaryload-carrying
structureof an articulating
arm.
loadcapaclty- (asdefined
byANSlfordiggerderricks)
themaximum
load,specified
bythemanufacturer,
thatcanbeliftedbythemobileunit
atregularintervalsof loadradiusor boomangle,throughthespecified
rangesof boomelevation,
extension
withoptionsinstalled
androtation,
andinclusiveof stabilityrequirements.
loadholdlngvalve- a hydraulicvalvewhichblocksfluidflowfroma
hydraulic
actuator,suchas a cylinderormotor,
to preventmotionwhen
lhe controlvalveis not beingoperatedor in caseol a hydraulicline
failure.
loadradlus-the horizontal
distance
fromthecenterline
ofrotation
to
point.
thewinchlineloadattachment
lockwasher- a solidor splitwasherthatis placedundemeath
a nut
pressure
orcapscrewtohelpprevent
loosening
byexerting
againstthe
tastener,
locknut- seeseltlockingnut.
lockwlrc- a wirethatis installedlo preventloosening
of fasteners
or
components.
lowerarm - the primaryload-carrying
structureof a doubleelevator
whichis locatedbetweenthe lowerpedestalandthe riser.
lowerarmcylinder- thehydraulic
cylinder
thatmovesthelowerarm
ofa doubleelevatorup anddown.
lowerboom(LWRBOOM)- theboomsectionin a boomassembly
whichisattached
tothetumtable
orriser,andwhichsupports
theupp€r
boomor intermediate
boom.
lowerboom cyllnder- the hydrauliccylinderthat movesthe lower
boomaboutits pivotpointon an articulating-boom
aedaldevice.
lowerboom lnsulator - the part ol the lowerboommadeof high
dielectricstrengthmaterial(usuallyliberglassreinforcedplasticor
equivalent)
to intenuptthe conductivepathfor electricity
throughthe
lowerboom.
lowerboom winch - a winchthatis locatedon thelowerboom,
lowercontrolvalve- thehydraulic
valveonthevehicle,
tumtable,
or
pedestalof an aerialdeviceusedfor operatingsomeor all of the
functions
of the aerialdevice.
lowercontrols- thecontrolson thevehicle,
tumtable,
or pedestal,
us€dfor operaiingsomeor all of thetunctionsof the unit.
lowelpedestal-the struclurewithinan elevatorliftthatconnects
the
elevatorliftto thesubbase.
lowertestelectrodesystem-a systemonaninsulated
aerialdevice
utilizingconductivebandsinstalledpermanenllyon the insideand
portionoftheupperboom
outsidesurfacesoftheinsulated
andconducinsidethatportionoftheboomsuchas
tiveconnections
to components
lines.Allthebandsandcomponent
leveling
rodsandhydraulic
connectionsare connected
to a commonpickuppointfor usein measuring
cunentleakageto confirmof dielectricintegrig.
lowertool circuit - a hydraulic
tool circuitwithquickdisconnect
locatedon thepedestal
or on thevehicle.
couplings
lug - a metalpartwhichservesas a cap,handle,support,or titting
connection.
magneticsuction separatorfllter- seemagneticsuctionstrainer.
magneticsuction stralner- a suctionlilterconsistingof a strainer
whichcontainsoneor moremagnetsto trapferrousmetalliccontaminantsthataresmallenoughto passthroughthestrainer.
- seepedestal.
malnlrame
platform- an oversized
one-manplatform.
man-and-a-half
ports.
multiple
connection
thatprovides
manllold- a fluidconductor
anautomatically
or
manualoverride-ameansofmanuallyactuating
remotely
device.
controlled
ol beingextended
and
manuatly
extendiblelib - a libthatiscapable
retracted
by humanforce.
mastercontrol panel- theprimarydenicklowercontrolpanelwhich
betweenthederrickcontrolsystem
theelectricalconnections
contains
suchasthepowermoduleandthedumpor blocking
andcomponents
9-97
valve.The mastercontrolpanelis usedin conjunctionwith a slave
panelto providedualstationlowercontrols.
mastercylinder- a cylinderin whichmotionol the pistonunderan
extemalforcetranstershydraulicfluidto a slavecylinderto produce
motion.
corresponding
materialhandling- havingtheabilityto usetheboomorattachments
ontheboomto liftandposition
materials.
materlathandllng package- the systemon an aerialdevicethat
consists
of a lib andwinchusedto liftmaterial
to theupperboomtip.
mechanical
levellngsystem-a mechanical
systemwhichk€epsthe
bottomof a platformparallelto or at a fixedangleto thetumtablebase
plateas the boomis raisedor lower€d.Onemeansof accomplishing
this is by utilizinga parallelogram
arrangementof levelingrods attachedto cablesor chainsoperatingaroundsheavesor sprocketsat
boompivotpoints.
mercuryswltch- a switchthatis closedor openedwhenan intemal
globule
whentheswitch
ofmercury
movestoorawayfrom
thecontacts
is tilted.
meter- to regulatetheamountof tluidflow.
metel-ln- to regulatethe amountof fluid flow into an actuatoror
system.
meter-out-to regulaletheflowofthedischargefluidfromanactuator
orsystem.
mlcron(mlcrometer)- one-millionth
ot a meteror about0.00004".
mlcrpn rating - the minimumsize ot the particlesthat a tilter is
designedto remove.
mlcroswltch-a smallelectrical
devicethatisusedtotumanelectrical
in a circuit.
currenton or off,or to changetheconnections
moblleoperatlon- theuseoftheaerialdeviceordiggerderrickwhile
themobileunitis traveling.
moblleunlt - the combination
of a unit,its chassisand related
permanently
atiachedequipment.
modlfledA-frameoutrlgger- an extendible
outriggerthatis configuredlikea largebroadbased'A" withan opentop.
modulatlonlatlo - the'bn" timevs. the'bff'time of a pulsewidth
modulated
Thisratioisdetermined
bydividingthe
ontime
digitalsignal.
duringonecycleby thetotalcycletime.
moly- seemolybdenum
disulfide.
molybdenum
dlsulflde- a blackinorganic
chemical
thatis usedas
a dry lubricant
andas an additivefor greaseand oils.Molybdenum
hasa veryhighmeltingpointandis insoluble
in water.
disulfide
- seemolybdenum
molydlsultlde
disulfide.
moment- a torcemultipliedby the perpendicular
distancefromthe
lineofactionotthetorcetoan
axisorpoint.Theforcemaybetheweight
of an item.withtheverticallineof actionlocatedat the item'scenterof
gravity.Momentis m€asuredin units ol force times distance;for
pound-leet
example,
or foot-pounds.
monltor head - remotelycontrolledarticulatedassemblywith a
nozzle,mountedat the upperendof an HLIW.
motor - a devicethat convertshydraulicor electricalenergyinto
continuous
rotarymotionandtorque.
multiple-part
llne - the arrangement
of the winchlineon a digger
denickinwhichthewinchlineis routedbetween
theboomtip andthe
loadtwoor moretimes.A snatchblockis usedat theloadanda snatch
blockor additional
boomtip sheave(s)is usedon the boomto reverse
thedirection
ofthewinchline.Theendof thewinchlineis connected
to
a stationaryattachmentpointon the boomor lowersnatchblock.A
multiple-pan
line is usedto reducethe lensionin the winchlineto a
valuebelowthewinchlineratedworkingloadwhena liftingloadthat
exceedsthe winchlineratedworkingload.
multiviscoslty- theviscositycharacteristic
of a fluidwhichcontains
additives
thatincrease
theviscosity
index.Thefluiddoesnotbecome
asthinat hightemp€ratures
or as thickat lowtemperatures
as a fluid
withouttheseadditives.
Thisallowsthefluidto be usedovera wider
temperature
range.
- thecharacteristic
nonconductive
of a substance
thatallowsit to
transmit
electricity
onlyina verysmalldegreewhenit is clean,dryand
properlymaintained.
noncontinuousrotation-a rotationsysteminwhichthetumtabteis
prevented
fromrotatingmorethanapproximately
onerevolution
about
thecenterline
of rotation.
Appendix- Glossary
non-lnsulated aerlal devlce or dlgger derrlck - an aerialdeviceor
diggerderrickwhich is not designed,manufactured,
or testedto meet
any dielectric rating.
nonmetallic - formed of materialswhich are not any type of metal.
non-overcenter aerial devlce - a type of articulating-boomaerial
deviceon which the upper boom will not unfoldtrom the storedposition
to beyond a vertical position regardless of the position of the lower
DOOm.
nontransferable boom llares - boom flares that are permanently
attached to the boom tip of a digger derrick.
nontranslerable uppercontrols -an uppercontrolpanelon a digger
derrick that is permanentlyattachedto the upper boom tip.
normally closed swltch - a switchwhichis closedto allowcurrentto
flowthroughit whenit is notactuated,and opensto interruptcurrentflow
when actuated.
normally closed valve-a two-wayvalvewhich is closedto blocklluid
trom flowingthroughit when it is not actuated,and opensto allowllow
when actuated.
normally open swltch -a switchwhich is opento preventcurenttrom
flowingthroughit when it is not actuated,and closesto allow current
flow when actuated.
normally open valve-atwo-wayvalvewhich is opento allowlluidto
flow through it when it is not actuated, and closes to block llow when
actuated.
nozzle - a tubelike device for acceleratingand directingthe dischargeflow of fluid.
NPT - National Pipe Thread.
NPTF - National Pipe Thread Fluid, a pipe thread form which is
modified from the NPT form to improve the resistanceto fluid leakage
throughthe threadsin a connection.
O-ring - a ring of materialwith a circularcross sectionthat is used as
a gasket, usually made of syntheticrubber.
ohmmeter - an instrument used to measure the resistancein ohms
betweentwo points in an electricalcomponentor circuit.
on/ofl clrcult - circuit that supplies constant electrical power to a
solenoid or other component when a relay or switch is closed and
removesthe pow6r when the relayor switchis opened.
one-man platform - a platlorm designed to carry one person. lt is
usually 24" wide x 30" wide or 24" wide x 24" wide.
open center-a directionalvalvedesign in which pump output retums
freely to the reservoirwhen the valve spool(s)is in the centeror neutral
position.
open circult - an electriccircuitthat has infinitelyhigh resistance,
resulting in no current flow. An open circuit may be caused by a loose
connection,broken wire, conosion or poor contactwhere an electrical
componentis groundedto the unit structure.
operator - a person trained,authorizedand engagedin the operation
of the unit.
optlcal liber - a thin strand ol transparent glass or plastic used to
transmitsignalsusing lightthroughoutthe lengthof the strand.
orifice - a restrictionin a hydraulicor pheumaticcircuit,the length of
which is small in respect to its diameter.
OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
out and down outrigger - an outriggerthat has independentlycontrolled horizontal and vertical extendibie outriggerlogs.
outboard bearlng - a b€aringwhich supportsthe end of a gearbox
output shaft farthestfrom the gearbox.
output signal - a radio wave intendedto pass communicationf rom a
sourceto a destination.
outrigger - a structuralmember,which when properlyextendedor
deployed on firm ground or outrigger pads, assists in stabilizingthe
mobileunit.
outrigger contlols - the controlstor operatingthe outriggers.
outri gger cylinder -the hydrauliccylinderwhichextendsandretracts
or unfoldsand folds an outriggerleg.
outrigger interlock system -a systemwhichrequiresall outriggers
to be extendedto a specifiedpositionbeforeother unit functionsare
allowedto operate.
Appendix- Glossary
outriggerlnterlockvalve - a valvewhichpreventsaboverotation
senseline signalsfromreachingthe pumpuntilthe outriggershave
beenlowered.
outriggerleg- 1: themoveable
structural
component
of anoutrigger
whichextends
or unfolds
to position
shoeon theground,
theoutrigger
andwhichretractsor foldsto retumthe outriggershoeto the stored
position.2:
outrigthestationary
structural
component
ofanextendible
gerfromwhichthemoveable
lege)dends.
outrigger
outriggermotlonalarm- an audiblewamingsystemto alertpersonnelthatoutriggers
are beingloweredor moved.
outriggerpad - a portablepieceof rigidmaterialwhichis placed
underan outrigger
shoeto increase
thecontactar€awiththe ground
surfacewhenthe groundsurfaceis notfirmenoughto supportdirect
contactfromtheoutrigger
shoe.
tothe
isattached
outriggershoe-thecomponent
ofanoutriggerthat
moveable
legandthatcontactsthegroundor outriggerpadto stabilize
themobileunit.
a signalto thepump
outrlggerslgnalvalve- a valveusedto provide
signal
whentheoutriggers
andto allowa separate
arebeingoperated
systemto controltheaerialdeviceoperation.
outrlggerspread- the distancebetweenthe outeredgeson fixed
shoes,or betwsenpin c€nterlines
on pivotingshoes,of opposite
outriggers
whichhavebeenextendedor deployedto a givenposition.
aerialdevice
overcenteraerlaldevlce- a typeol articulating-boom
onwhichtheupperboomcanuntoldfromthestoredpositionto beyond
a verticalposition.
overframe- anoutriggerweldmentmountingpositionlocatedabove
thevehiclechassisframe.
overload- theconditionexistingwhena loadgreaterthanthe rated
capacity
or designleadis appliedto a unitor component.
fromthe
controlfunctions
overlde-the takeover
ofboommovement
platformcontrolsby theactivation
of thelowercontrolstationcontrols.
overtlghten-to torqusa threaded
fastenerbeyondtherecommended
torquevaluo.
withoxygen.
oxldatlon- the reactionof a substance
parallelllnk-the secondary
load-carrying
structur€of an elevatorlift.
partlclecount- a visualcountotthenumbers
of particulate
contaminantsin a quantityof a hydraulicfluid.
passage- a machinedor coredfluidconductingpaththat lieswithin
or passesthrougha component.
payload- any tools,materials,fuel and occupantscarriedby the
attached.
mobileunitthatarenotpermanently
pedestal-thestationarybase
ofa unitthatsupportsthe
tumtableand
is attachedto thesubbaseor vehicleframe.
pedestalmount - a mounlingconfiguration
for an aerialdevicein
whichthetumtableis mountedon a pedestalconsistingof a box-like
struc{ure.
penetratlon-the distancethevehicletrame
isliftedaftertheoutriggers
contactthegroundsurlace.
phase- a conduc{ive
wireor cableusedfortransmitting
highvoltage
as
current.Thephrase'bhaseto phase"canbe referenced
electrical
anytwoconductors
of a three-phase
electricalpowerlinesystem.
pllot operated- conditionin whicha valveis actuatedby hydraulic
lluidpressure.
pllot operatedcheck valve- a checkvalvethatcan be openedto
allowflow in the normallyblockeddirectionby applyinghydraulic
pressure
to a pilotport.
pllot pressure-auxiliarypressure
usedtoactuateorcontrolhydraulic
components.
pilotvalve- anauxiliary
valveusedtocontrolthe
operation
ofanother
varve.
pin - a cylindrical
structural
deviceusedto allowa pivoting
iointorto
connectmatingparts.
pin retainer- a devicewhichis usedto holda pin in placein an
assembly.
pinchpolnt- a particular
location
inwhicha humanbodyor a partof
thebodymaybecomepinchedor pinnedbetweenmovingmechanical
pans.
pinion- a gearwitha smallnumberot teeththathasbeendesigned
to meshwitha largergear.
portablereslstlvltytester - a deviceusedfor testingthe el€ctrical
piston - a cylindricallyshapedpart that fits withina cylinderor
resistanceof water.Commonlyusedfor testingthe wash waterfor
boreandtransmitsor receiveslinearmotionby meansof a
cylindrical
insulatorwashers.
rodor othercomponent.
connecting
positions
posltlon- a termwhichdescribes
a
thenumberof possible
pistonpump- a pumpin whichmotionandforceareapplied
to fluid
canbe shiftedto.
valvespoolor mechanism
piston(s)
in cylindrical
bore(s).
bya reciprocating
for an aerialdevicein which
configuration
placard- 1: a thinsheetof rigidmaterial
whichisattached
to another post mount- a mounting
the tumtableis mountedon a pedestalwhichutilizesa roundvertical
surfaceby adhesiveand/ormechanicalfasteners,and is usedto
struclure.
tubeas itspdmaryload-carrying
information
andwamings.2: Mayalsoreferto a
conveyinstructions,
decal.
potentiometer- a variableresistorthat is connectedto act as an
planetarygear set - an assemblyof meshedgearsconsisting
electricalvoltagedivider.
of a
centralgear(sungear),a coaxialintemaltoothringgearandseveral pourpolnt* thelowesttemperature
at whicha fluidwillflowor pour
pinions(planetgears)supported
intermediate
on a revolving
carrier.
conditions.
underspecific
planetarygearbox-a gearboxcontaining
gear
oneormoreplanetary
(HP)orwatts.
power-work perunitottime,measuredin horsepower
sets.
powermodule- the centralconnectionpointbetweenthe chassis
platlorm-the personnel-carrying
atthe
componentof
a unit,mounted
Thisdeviceis usedto providebatterypower
andunitelectrical
systems.
upperboomtip.
is in themachineposition.
selector
to theunitwhenthetrucUmachine
platlormheater-an electrically
powered
ina splicer powertake-otf(PTO)- a supplementary
devicemounted
mechanism€nablingveplatform
whichis usedto warmthe occupant.
apparatus
hicleenginepowerto be usedto operatenon-automotive
platformlevellngsystem- a systemwhichkeepsthe bottomof a
suchas a pump.
platformparallelto or at a fixedangleto thebaseplateof thetumtable, prechargepressure-thepressure
gasinanaccumuofcompressed
Thesystem latorbeforeanyfluidis added.
orparallelto levelground,astheboomis raisedorlowered.
maybe mechanically,
hydraulically,
or gravityoperated.
pressure- the lorceappliedin a givenarsa.lt can be expressedin
platformliner-a component
madeofmaterial
havinga highdielectric poundspersquareinch(psi).
strengthwhichis designedto be insertedintoa platformto coverthe
pump
plcssurecompensator- a deviceon a variabledisplacement
wallsandbottomof theplatform.
presetmaxF
a
pump
and
maintain
tlow
to
develop
that
output
adjusts
platlorm pln - the horizontalpin that is usedto fastena platform mumpressure.
pivots
mounting
bracket
bracketto theupperboomtip.Themounting
pressuredlfferentlal- thedifference
inpressurebetwe€ntwopoints
leveling
aboutthispinfor platform
or positioning.
in a systemorcomponent.
platlormrest-the structural
memberattachedtothechassisorbody
pressurBdrop-the reduction
inpressurebetweentwopointsinaline
to supportandcushionthe platformin thetravelor restposition.
or passagedueto the energyrequiredto maintainflow.
platformrlng - a metalbandaroundthelipof a splicerplatform
which
whichdisplaysthe hydraulicor
supportsand guidesthe platlormas it is rotatedaboutits vertical pressuregauge- an instrument
pneumatic
pressure
sensedat a porton thedevice.
centerline.
pressurcllne - the line carryingfluidfrom a pumpoutletto the
platformrotatlonoverrldesystem- a systemwhichallowsthezone
portol a valveor actuator.
pressurized
limit when
of platformrotationto extendbeyonda predetermined
by theoperator.
actuated
pressureoverride- thedifterence
betweenthecrackingpressureof
a valveandthe pressurereachedwhenthe valveis passingfull flow.
platformrotator - a systemwhichallowsthe operatorto rotatethe
platformabouta verticalaxis.Thispermitsthe positionof theplattorm pressurereduclngvalve- a pressurecontrolvalvewhoseprimary
to be changedwithrespectto the boomtip.
tunction
is to limititsoutletpressure.
platformtllt system-a system
whichallowsthe
operatortoadjustlhe pressureswltch - an electricswitchwhichis actuatedwhen the
axis.Somesystemsallow
orientation
of theplatlormabouta horizontal
pressure
appliedto a porlontheswitchreaches
hydraulic
or pneumatic
positionoftheplatform
lloorandtiltthg a specifiedvalue.
theoperatortoadjustthewo*ing
platformfor cleaning.Othersystemsallowtiltingot the platformfor
pressule
devicewhichproduces
measuring
a pressure
cleaningbut do not providefor operatoradjustmentof the working a variabletransducerto thehydraulicpressure
electrical
signalthatis proportional
position.
appliedto a porton thedevice.
platlorm use - the stabilitycriteriafor a diggerderrickmobileunit
proportlonalclrcult-a circuitthatsuppliesa varyingvoltageto a coil
whichindicatesthatthe loadcapacitychartandstabilityrequirements
in a pilotvalveas electricalcurrentappliedto the circuitis variedby a
withno lifting
applyto theuseof thederrickwiththeplatformoccupied,
handcontrol.
of loadswiththewinchline.
proxlmltyalarm- a systemwhichmeasures
the distancefroma
plunger a cylindrically
thrust;a
shapedpartthatis usedto transmit
to anotherobject,andsoundsan alarmwh€nthisdistanceis
detector
ram.
value.Commonly
usedtoinformtheoperatorotan
lessthan
aspecified
pole- a long rylindricalpieceof materialsuchas wood,metal,or
HLIWof the distancebetweenthe boomtip nozzleand a powerline
concretewhichis installedin a verticalpositionfor useas a support insulator
or supportstructure.
lines.
for powerandcommunication
structure
psl- poundspersquar€inch.
polegulde- a mechanism
at thetipof a boomusedforguidingand
PTO- seeoowertake-off.
stabilizing
a utilitypolewhileusingthewinchlineto raiseor lowerthe
pulloutuppercontrols- an uppercontrolpanelon a diggerderrick
pole.
whichis mountedon a housingthat can be extendedfrominsidean
polegulde tllt cylinder- the hydrauliccylinderwhichis usedto tilt
lengthis needed,suchas to aftachthe
outerhousingwhenadditional
(raiseor lower)thepoleguide.
jib withthe out€rhousingattachedto the
controlpanelto a personnel
whichopensand
poleguidetong cyllnder- the hydraulic
cylinder
upperboomtip,or to attachth€ uppercontrolpanelto the upperboom
closesthe poleguidetongs.
boomflares.
tip withtheouterhousingattachedto thetransferable
poleguidetongs- moveable
armson a poleguidousedto stabilize pulsewldth modulatlon(PWM)- a meansol transmitting
a digital
ind guidea utilitypoleas it is beingraisedor loweredwiththewinch
cyclesof pulseswherethetotallengthof timefor
signalin continuous
line.
a cycleof one"on"pulseandthelollowing"off periodis constant,and
chain thelengthof time(width)of the"on"pulsewithineachcycleis varied
cylinder,
of a hydraulic
polepuller- an apparatus
consisling
(modulated)
in proportion
to the levelof an inputparameter
suchas
usedto loosena utilitypolehomtheground.
andothercomponents
controlleverposition.
- a moisture
proofplastic.
polyethylene
pump - a devicethat convertsmechanicalforce and motioninto
poppet- thatpartol certainvalvesthatpreventsflowwhenit closes
hydraulic
flowandpressure.
againsta seatandallowsflowwhenit movesawaytromtheseat.
purgesystem- a systemof checkvalvesthatallowshydraulic
fluid
offluidina
port- an internal
torintakeorexhaust
opening
or external
mannerthrough
flowina reverse
thehydraulic
system,
usuallyfrom
the
componenL
9-97
Appendix- Glossary
f
lower control valve to the upper controls.This actions frees or purges
the controlsystemof anytrappedairand restoresa solidcolumnofffuid
for precisecontrol.The purgesystemmay alsobe usedto warmup the
control system in cold weather conditionsif the fluid in the reservoiris
warm.
purge/upper/lowercontrols selector valve - a valvewhichis used
to direct hydrauliclluid to the purge system, the upper controlvalve, or
the lower control valve.
PWM - pulsewidth modulation.
quick disconnectcoupllngs- hydraulicfittings
designedforfastand
easy attachmentand s€paration.
radial ball bearlng - an antilrictionbearingwith rollingballcontactin
which the directionof action of the load transmittedis perpendicularto
the axialcenterlineof the bearing.
radial outrlgger - an outriggerin which ihe moveableoutriggerleg
pivots in an arc around a pin connection between the leg and a
supportingstructureas the leg is loweredand raised.
radio communlcatlon - communicationby meansof radiowaves.
ram - 1: a single-actingcylinderwith a singlediameterplungerrather
than a pistonand rod. 2: the plungerin a ram-typecylinder.
range dlagram - a diagram which shows the load radiusand sheave
heightofa diggerderrickatalltheconfigurations
of boom€xtensionand
boom angle covered by the correspondingload capacity chart.
rated capaclty- (as definedbyANSl fordiggerderricks)the maximum
load, specifiedby the manufacturer,that can be lifted by the digger
derrickat regularintervalsof load radiusor boom angle,throughthe
specified ranges of boom elevation and extension, with specified
optionsinstalled,and exclusiveof stabilityrequirements.
rated line voltage - the nominal voltage, phase to phase, al which
electricalsystems are rated.
rated load capaclty - (as definedby ANSI for aerial devices)the
maximum loads, specified by the manufacturer,which can be lifted by
the aerial device through the specified range of boom elevation and
extension with specitied options installedand in considerationof
stabilityrequirements.
reach diagram - a drawing that shows the horizontal and vertical
limitsof travelof the platform,upperboom tip, and/orlibtip throughout
all possibleconfigurations
of lowerboomangle,boomextension,upper
boom angle, articulatingarm travel, and/or elevatorlift travel.
lear mount - a pedestalmountingpositionlocatedover or nearthe
rear axle(s) on the longitudinalcenterlineof the chassis.
receiver-a devicethat converts radiowaves into electricalsignalsfor
communicationand/or control purposes.
reel brake - a component of the reel driv€r which prevents the
overrunningof cable reels carriedby a strandcarrierand reel lifter.The
brake is used to maintaintension in the cable or susoensionstrand
when used with the reel driver.
reel drlver - a component of a strand carrier and reel litter used for
payingin or payingout cable or suspensionstrand.
reel llfter - a device used to support and move cable reels from the
groundto the vehicle.
reel llfter arms-the structureon a reellifterusedtoliftandstorereels
of cableor susoensionstrandon the chassis.
reengage - to repeat th€ activation of a function after it has been
momentarilyhalted.
relay - an automaticswitchwith contactsthat can be closedoropened
by electricalcurrentin a coil.
rellet valve - a pressureoperatedvalve that bypassespump delivery
maximum
to the reservoirto limitsystempressureto a predetermined
value.
remote arm - a remotely operated jib used to handle equipmentor
electricallines.
remote assist - a vehicle-mounteddevice with a boom assembly
whichis extendible,articulating,or both,whichis designedand usedto
accommodateattachmentsfor performingoperationssuch as supporting or cuttingelectricalconductors,liftingor holdingobiects,or cutting
tree branches. lt is operated by remote controlfrom the ground orfrom
the platformof an ad.jacentpersonnelliftingdevice.lt may be mounted
on the vehicleby itselfor in additionto a personnellittingdevice.
remote control system - a system used for operatingsome or all of
thef unctionsot a unitf roma oortablecontrolstation.The controlstation
Appendix- Glossary
maybe a transmitter
whichsendssignalsby radiowavesto a receiver
ontheunit,oracontrolmodulewhich
sendssignals
througha fiberoptic
or electrical
cableto theunit.
remote operatedaurlllary control system (ROACS)- a radio
controlledsystemfor startingand stoppingcertainfunctionsof the
mobileunit.
remote starustop system - the componentsused to actuatea
functionof theunitlroma locationotherthanlor normaloperation.
The
mostcommonfunctionscontrolled
areenginestarvstopandtheemergencyoperatingDC pump.
reservolr- a containerfor storageof liquidin a fluidpowersystem.
- theopposition
reslstance
fluid.
to theflowot electricity
or hydraulic
restriction a reducedcross-sectional
areain a lineor passagsthat
produces
a pressure
drop.
retalnlngrlng-a hardened,
washer-like
ringthatmaybespreadapart
or compressed
and installedinto a grooveor recessto serveas a
retaining
device.
return line - a hydraulicline usedto carrydischargeflow from a
hydraulic
systemor actuatorbackto the reservoirat lowpressure.
returnllnetllter- a filterlocatedina hydraulicsystemretumlin€or at
the inletof a hydraulicreseryoirwhichcleansfluid flowingfrom the
hydraulic
systemto thereservoir.
levelslng valve - a tour-waydirectionalvalveusedto changethe
directionof movement
cylinderor reversiblemotor.
of a double-acting
rlbbon hose - a groupol hosesthat are attachedside by side to
produce
a flatbundle.
lluid,airand/
Commonly
usedto carryhydraulic
or electrical
cable(s)to the boomtip or uppercontrols.
rldlng seat- an operator'scontrolstationattachedto the sideof the
turntable,
witha seatonwhichtheoperatorrideswiththerotationofthe
unit.
rlser- 1: thestructure
on a doubleelevator
thatconnects
the lower
elevatorarm to the upperelevatorarm. 2: the structurewithin an
articulating
armto whichthe lowerboomis connected.
ROACS- seeremoteoperatedauxiliarycontrolsystem.
rod - the cylindrically
shapedpari of a cylinderwhichextendsand
retractsfromthebarrelto actuateor movea component.
rod end-the endof a cylinderthattheeltendingcomponent
or rodis
on.
roller-a cylindricaldevice
whichspinstreelyabouta pinorshaft,used
to guidethemotionof anothercomponent.
rollpln-a pinthathas
beenformed
byrolling
upathin,flatstripof
metal
to lorma cylinder.Commonly
usedbybeingdrivenintoa holeto serve
as a retainingdevice.
rope- a stout,flexiblecord,whichconsistsof manystrandsol wireor
fibersthataretwistedor braidedtogether.
iotary actuator- a deviceforconverting
hydraulicenergyintorotary
motionand torquein whichthe rotarymotionis restrictedto within
certainangularlimits.
rotaryloint- a multipleponmanifoldthathasa rotatingportionanda
portion,usedto providea continuoushydraulicconnection
stationary
betweenrotatingandstationary
hydrauliclines.Commonlyusedatthe
centerline
of rotationof unitsequipp€dwithcontinuousrotation.
rotatlngplatform- a platformwhichcan be rotatedabouta vertical
axisto changeits positionin relationship
to the boomtip.
rotatlonbearlng- therotating
member,
usuallya shearballbearing,
locatedbetweenthe pedestaland the tumtablewhich allowsthe
turntableto rotateand whichcontainsgearteeththat meshwiththe
rotationpinion.
lotatlon gearbox-the gearboxwhichdrivesthe rotationalmotionof
thetumtable.
rotatlonpinion- thegearon theoutputshaftof the rotationgearbox
which mesheswith the rotationbearinggear teeth and drivesthe
turntablerotational
motion.
rope-wire ropewhichisconstructed
rotationresistantwire
toresist
orrotatewhencarrying
thetendency
to untwist
a suspended
load.This
is accomplished
by layingtheouterstrandsin theoppositedirection
to
thelayof theinnerstrandsor core.
rotationsystem-thesystemwhichdrivesthe
rotation
otthetumtablo
aboutthecenterline
ofrotation.lttypicallyconsistsofa rotationbearing,
gearbox,
rotation
hydraulic
motor,andloadholdingvalve.
perminute.
rpm- revolutions
runnlngtorque- lhe lorqueproducedby a rotatingdevicesuchas a
motoror gearlroxat a specifiedrotational
speed.
SAE- Societyof Automotive
Engineers.
saletybelt - seebodybelt.
sayboltuniversalvlscoslty-A measure
ofviscosity
equaltothetime
ittakesinseconds
for60milliliters
offluidtoflowthrough
a capillarytube
in a Sayboltuniversalviscosimeter
at a giventemperature.
scissorlink- themechanical
linkage
ona reellifterusedto connect
theliftercylinder
to thearm.
screwanchor- a rodwithan eyeon oneendandaugerflighting
on
theoppositeend. lt is designedto screwintothegroundandserveas
an anchorto holdan attachedcablesuchas a guywire.
seatlngIn- aninitialmicroscopic
surfacedeformation
ofcomponents
thatareclampedtogetherwiththreadedfasteners.
Thiscausesa slight
reduction
in the dimensionof thecomponents,
reducingtheclamping
forceappliedby thefasteners.
selectorswltch - a switchwhichis usedto directelectrical
currentto
oneof two or moreelectricalcircuits.
selectorvalve- a valvewhichis usedto directhydraulic
lluidto one
oftwoor morehydrauliccircuits.
sell-locklngnut - a nutwhichcontainsa built-indeviceor shapeto
increase
threadfrictionso as to resistloosening
dueto vibration
or
repeatedloading.
selt-lubrlcatlngbearlng- an antifriction
bearingin whichlubricating
material
is incorporated
in thebearing.
pressure
sensellne- a linethatcarriesa hydraulic
signalfrom
avalvs
or actuatorto the compensator
controlon a variabledisplacement
pump.
senseselectorvalve- a valvewhichpreventshydraulicfluidin the
senselinef romreaching
thepumpuntilacertain
function(s)
isoperated.
sequence- 1: theorderofa seriesofoperations
ormovements.2:
to
divertflowto accomplish
a subsequent
operationor movement.
sequencevalve - a pressureoperatedvalvethat divertsflowto a
secondary
actuatorwhileholdingpressureontheprimaryactuatorat a
predetermined
minimum
valueaftertheprimary
actuator
completes
its
travel.
sequentialextenslon- theoperationby whichoneboomsectionin
an extendibleboom assemblyreachesfull extensionor r€traction
betorethe nextboomsectionbeginsmovem€nt.
setscrew-a shortscrew,
anallentype
head,thatisused
typicallywith
asa clampto bindpartstogether.
shackle- seeclevis.
shear- an actionor stressresulting
fromopposing
appliedforcesthat
attemptto separatea partintotwo piecesthatwouldthenslidealong
eachotherin oppositedirectionsalongtheplaneof separation.
shearball bearlng-an antifriction
bearingwithrollingballcontac{in
whichthedirectionof loadtransmitted
throughtheballsisparalloltothe
shearloadingon theballs.
axialcenterline
of the bearing,producing
Thebearingcansupportaxial,radial,andtilt loading.Commonly
used
asa rotation
bearing.
pinwhichprevents
motionbetween
two
shearpln - a replaceable
adiacentpartsby theproduction
of shearloadingin thepin,andwhich
maybe designedio fail underoverloadto protectotherparts.
shearstablllty - resistanceol a hydraulicfluidviscosityindeximproveradditive
to shearing.
index
of theviscosity
shearing- molecular
damageor breakdown
improver
additivein hydraulicfluid.Shearingcanoccurwhenthefluid
flowsthroughfine clearancesat high velocity.Shearingcan cause
permanent
lossin fluidviscosity.
andguidea winchlineor
sheave- a groovedwheelusedto support
levelingcableat a pointof changein thedirectionof motionof theline
orcable.
leveltothecenterline
fromground
distance
sheavehelght-the vertical
oftheboomtip sheavein a diggerderrickupperboomtip.
short circuit - an inadvertentpath of low resistanceestablished
betweentwo pointsof an electricalcircuit.A shortcircuitwill resultin
excessive
currentflow.
fluidflow.
shutoffvalve- a devicewhichis usedto stophydraulic
9-97
fluidpressure
shuttlevalve- a three-portvalve
thatacceptshydraulic
from two inletsand allowsonly the highestpressurefluid to pass
through
ittoa singleoutletwhilekeeping
theinletfluidpressure
isolated
fromoneanother.
slde load- an externalhorizontal
loadplacedon a boomfromone
side.
slde load protectlonsystem- the systemon a diggerdenickthat
helpspreventdamageto the diggerderrickstructurewhenexcessive
sideloadsareappliedto thebooms.
slde-mountedplatform- a platlormwhichis attachedto a mounting
bracketthat extendsfrom one side of the boomtip, positioningthe
platform(andplatformrotationpivot,if so equipped)besidethe boom
tip.
sldesllp- sidewaysmotionof a componentcausedby an extemally
forcewhichovercomes
resistiveforcesfromhydrauappliedsideways
lics,friction,etc.Commonly
usedtodescriberotationofa diggerderrick
boomcausedby sideloadingwhichexceedsthe sideloadprotection
setting.
velocity,
flow
slgnal- a command
or indication
of a desiredposition,
orpressure.
slgnalllne- seesenseline.
slngle-actlngcyllnder - a cylinderin whichfluid pressurecan be
appliedto movetherodinonlyonedirection.Returnmotionisproduced
by an extemalforcesuchas a springor gravity.
arm.Thesingle
slngleelevator-an elevatorlift
withoneloadcarrying
paralelevatorsystemincludesa lowerpedestal,arm,armcylinder(s),
lellinks,andupperpedestal.
slngle handlecontrol - a control,withan interlocktriggerincorpocontrol
ratedinthehandle,
whichallowstheoperatorto
simultaneously
multiplelunctionsof theboomsandtumtablefromthe platform.
electrislngle-pole,double-throw(SPDT)swltch- a three-terminal
cal switchor relaythat connectsone terminalto eitherof two other
terminals.
electrical
slngle-pole,slngle-throw(SPST)swltch- a two-terminal
switchor relaythatopensor closesonecircuit.
slavecontrol panel- a secondary
derricklowercontrolpanelthatis
asa remoteterminal
ofthemasterpanel.Theslavepanelis
configured
witha masterpanelto providedualstationlower
usedin conlunclion
controls.
slavecyllnder- a cylinder
in whichmotionof thepistonis produced
by the transferof hydraulicfluidfrom a mastercylinder,resultingin
con€sponding
motion.
slldepad-a rectangularblock
usedasa bearingbetweenextendible
mateboomoroutriggersections,
usuallycomposed
ota non-metallic
rial.
sllp rlng - an assemblyol oneor moreconductive,
rotatingringsand
brushesusedto providea continuouselectricalconnection
stationary
betweenrotatingand stationaryconductors.Commonlyusedat the
cent€rline
of rotationof unitsequippedwithcontinuousrotation.
slug face- theextremeendol thecableslugwhichis securedto the
cylinderrodor adlustingstud.
snatchblock- a devicewhichhasa meansof attachment
to connect
it to a boomor load,andwhichcanbe openedto receivea winchline
aroundan intemalsheave.
snubbervalve- a two-portvalvewitha manuallyadjustableoritice
thatrestrictstheflowof fluidthroughthevalve.
sockethead- a cylindrical
cap screwheaddesigncontaining
a
(six-sided)
hexagonal
femalesocketintowhichan allenwrenchcanbe
insertedto tumthecapscrew.
solenoid-a coilofinsulated
wirethatproduces
a magneticfield
within
the coilwhenelectrically
energized.
Whenattachedto a hydraulic
valve,the magneticfieldacts uponthe valveto moveintemalvalve
parts.
solenoidvalve- a valvewhichisactuated
bya solenoid
to controlling
theflowof hydraulic
fluid.
speedreducer- seegearbox.
sphericalbearing- a bearingwitha spherically
shapedinnerrace
thatisallowedto movetreelyinsidea stationary
outerraceto accommodatemisalignment.
platformequippedwitha doorand
splicerplatform- a fiberglass
latch.
Appendix- Glossary
spllne- one of a numberot equallyspaced,loadcarryingteeththat
havebeencutontheoutsidediameter
ofa shaftorinsidediameter
ofa
bore,parallelto the shaftor borecenterline.
spool - a moving,cylindrically
shapedpan of a hydraulicvalvethat
movesto directflowthroughthevalve.
sprocket - a wheelwith teethalongthe circumfer€nce
whichare
shapedso as to engagewitha chain,usedto supportand guidethe
chainat a pointof changein thedirection
of motionof thechain.
SSU(SayboltSecondUnlversal)- the unitof measurefor Saybolt
viscosity.
universal
stablllty-a condition
ofa mobileunitinwhichthe
sumofthemoments
whichtend to ovefiumthe mobileunit is less than the sum ol the
moments
tending
to resistovertuming;
themobileunit'sabilityto resist
tipping.
stablllze- to provideadequatestabilityfor a mobileunitto allow
operationol thevehicle-mounted
device(s).
stabllizer- a deviceusedto assistinstabilizing
a mobileunit,suchas
an outrigger,
torsionbaror springlockout.
stake- to slightlydeformthe threadsof a fasteneror materialat the
jointbetweentwocomponents
by placingthebladeof punchor chisel
on thethreadsor jointandtappingon thehandlewitha hammer.
The
deformedmaterialservesto preventlooseningof thecomponents.
stalltorque-the torqueproduced
bya rotating
devicesuchasa motor
or gearboxat zerorotationalspeed.
standardoptlon - an optionwhichcan be orderedfroma standard
orderformandcanbe supplied
withoutadditional
engineering
work.
starustopcontrol module- an electricaldevicethatrelayssignals
fromtheunit'sremotestarustopsystemtothecomponent(s)
orsystem(s)
beingcontrolled,suchas the emergencyoperatingDC pumpand/or
vehicleignitionsystem.
stationaryplatform - a platlormwhichcan not be rotatedabouta
verticalaxisto changeits positionin relationship
to the boomtip.
stow- to placea component
suchas a boomor diggerderrickauger
in its restposition.
stralner- a coarselilter.
stralnerbasket- a coarse,basketshapedfilterwhichis mountedin
thefill holeof a reservoirandprojectsintothe res€rvoir.
strand - 1: one of the groupsof individualfibersor wireswithina
winchlineor wirerope.2: seesuspension
synthetic
strand.
strandcarrler- a deviceusedto supportandtransport
strandreelson
a vehicle.
strand reel- a reelor spoolusedfor carryingsuspension
stand.
street slde - the sideof a vehicletowardoncomingtratficwhenthe
vehicleis travelingforuvard
in the normaldirectionin a laneof traffic.
stroke - 1: total linearmovementin eitherdirectionof a pistonor
plunger.2 to changethe displacement
ol a variabledisplacement
pumpor motor.
subbase- a structuralmountinginterfacebetweenthepedestaland
thevehicleframe.lt providestorsionalstitfnessandstrengthinaddition
to thatwhichwouldbe providedfromthevehiclelramealone.
subweldment- a smallerweldedsubassembly
usedwithina more
complexweldedstructure.
suction filter- a filterlocatedin a hydraulicsystemsuctionlineor at
the outletof a hydraulicreservoirwhichcleansfluidflowingfromthe
reservoir
to thepumpinlet.
thepumpinletportto the
suctlon line - the hydrauliclineconnecting
reservoiroutlet.
surge- a momentaryriseof pressurein a circuit.
suspensionstrand- a typeol wireropewhichis usedto supportthe
betweenpoles
cablesuspended
weightof anattachedcommunication
or otheroverheadsupportstructures.
swage- to taperor reducethe diameterof a rod,tubeor fastenerby
or hammering.
forging,squeezing
synthetic
syntheticwinchline- a winchlinemadefromnonmetallic
together
to
fiberswhichareformedintoshandsthatarethenbraided
rope.
makea complete
to the
for mounting
lowercontrols
T-stand- a'T'shapedweldment
vehicle.
- an instrument
thespeedot rotation
usedfordisplaying
tachometer
of an engineoutputshaft.
Appendix- Glossary
tallshell-the rearportionolthemobileunitaboveandbehindtherear
axte.
tallshelttools- seelowertoolcircuit.
tank - thehydraulicreservoir.
telescopic- havingsectionsthatslidewithinor overone anotherto
changeoveralllength.
terminalblock - an insulatingmountingusedfor makingelectrical
terminal
connections,
pressure
testblock- a manifold
withportslor connecting
a hydraulic
source,pressuregaugeand
a cartridge
valvesuchasa counterbalance
valveorreliefvalveusedfortesting
andadjusting
thereliefsettingofthe
valve.
thlmble- a metalringaroundwhicha ropeis passedandsplicedto
makea loopor eye.
threadlocklngadhesive- an anaerobicadhesivethatis appliedto
fastenerthreadsto preventlooseningdue to vibrationor repeated
loading.
thlee-phase- a systomfor transmittinghigh voltage,altomating
current,electricalpoweralongthreeseparateconductors,with 120
degreesbetweenthevoltagewaveformcyclesof anytwoconductors.
three-posltlonvalve- a valv€havingthreepositionsfor directionof
fluidflow,suchas neutral,llowinonedirection,
andflowintheopposite
direction.
three.wayvalve- a valvehavingthreeportsfordirectionof fluidflow.
throttle control - a manual,hydraulic,or electricaldeviceusedto
vehicleor auxiliary
regulate
enginespeed.
toggle swltch - an electricalswitchoperatedby a shortproiecting
levercombined
witha springto quicklyopenorclosea circuitwhenthe
leveris pushedthrougha smallarc.
topplng cyllnder- seeliftcylinder.
torque-1 : a rotationaltwisting
force.2:to preloadathreadedfastener
by application
ot a rotational
twistingforce.
torque converter- a rotarydevicelor transmitting
and amplifying
torque,especially
by hydraulicmeans.
torslon bar- a rod-likespringwhichis llexedby beingtwistedabout
its axis,usedto assistin stabilizing
a mobileunit.
tow llnewlnch- a winchlocatedon a cableplacsrwhichis usedfor
strandorself-supporting
cableortowinga cable
tensioning
suspension
lasher.
fluid
traceelementanalysls- analysis
ofa smallsampleot hydraulic
to determine
levelandconditionof additives.
contaminalion
tracklng - a currentleakagepath createdacrossthe surfaceof
insulatingmaterialwhena high-voltage
currentformsa carbonized
pathwithina foreignmaterialon thesurface.
transducer- a devicethat convertsinputenergyof one torm into
outputenergyol another,suchas hydraulicpressureintoan electrical
signal.
transferableboomllares- boomflares,on whicha poleguidemay
bemounted,
thatcanbepinnedtoeithertheintermediate
boomtiporthe
upperboomtipof a diggerderrick.
transferableupper controls - an uppercontrolpanelon a digger
derrickthatcanbeattachedto eithertheupperboomtip orthetransferableboomflaresby the useof a detentpin.
transmltter- a deviceusedto generateand emita radiofrequency
carriersignal.
Thesignalissenttoa receiverwhich
translates
thesignal
intousableinformation.
whichis usedto makefineadjustments
trlm pot - a potentiometer
in
orcalibration,
typically
bytuminga slotted
a circuitduringmanufacture
adiustingscrew.
problemsin a systemor a
troubleshoot- to locateand diagnose
component.
proiecttrunnlon- a mounting
deviceconsisting
ofa pairofopposite,
pivotson whichsomething
ingcylindrical
canbe rotatedor tilted.
trunnlonbearing- a bearing
thata trunnionpinpivotsin.
pivotpinthatis a partot a trunnion.
trunnionpin - a cylindrical
turnbuckle- a linkwithscrewthreadsat bothendsthatis turnedto
purposes.
tortightening
bringtheendsclosertogether
turnstromfingertight(T.F.F.T.)-a methodot counting
thenumber
adapter
to establish
of turnsol a hydraulic
a torquevalue.
turntable- the structurelocatedabovethe rotationbearingwhich
supportsthe lowerboomor articulating
arm,and rotatesaboutthe
centerline
of rotation.
tumtablewinch - a winchlocatedon thetumtable.
turret- seetumtable.
two-manplatform- a platform
designed
to carrytwopeople.lt is
usually24" widex 48" wide.
two-partllne - a multiple-part
lineon a diggerderrickin whichthe
winchlineis routedlromtheboomtipsheavedownto a snatchblockat
pointontheboom.
theloadandthenbackuptoa stationaryattachment
two-posltlonvalve- a valvehavingtwopositions
fordirectionoffluid
flow,suchas openandclosed.
two-speedmotor - a motorwhichhas two operatingspeedand
torquemodes(alow-speed,
high-torque
mode,anda high-speed,
lowtorquemode)thatcanbe selectedby theoperator.
two-wayvalve-avalve havingtwoportslordirectionolfluidflow,
with
oneintemalflowpathwhichcanbe openor blocked.
UNC- UniliedNational
Coarse,a threaddescription.
underframe- an outrigger
position
weldment
mounting
locatedbeneaththe unitsubbaseor vehiclechassislrame.
undertlghten-to torquea threaded
tastenerb€lowtherecommended
value.
UNF- UnifiedNationalFine,a threaddescription.
unfold - to mov€a pivotingstructuresuchas an articulating
upper
boomawaylromits stowedposition.
unlt - theAltecdevice(s),subbase,outriggers,
bodyandassociated
interfaceitemsmountodon a chassis,but not includingthe chassis
itself.
unload-to releasehydraulicflow,usuallydirectlyto thereservoir,
to
preventpressure
buildup.
unloadedvehlclewelght- thetotalweightof thecompleted
mobile
unitwithoutpayload.
unloadingvalve- a valvethatbypasses
flowto thereservoirwhen
a
setpressureis maintained
on its pilotport.
upperarm -the primaryload-carrying
structureof a doubleelevator
whichis locatedbetween
theriserandtheupperpedestal.
upperarmcyllnder-the hydraulic
cylinderthat
movestheupperarm
of a doubleelevatorup anddown.
upperboom (UPRBOOM)- the boomsectionin a boomassembly
whichis fanhestlrom the tumtablewhenthe boomassemblyis fully
extendedor unfolded,andwhichsupportstheboomtip sheaveand/or
platform(s).
upperboom cyllnder- thehydraulic
cylinder
thatmovestheupper
boomaboutits pivotpointon an articulating-boom
aerialdevice.
upperboom drlve mechanlsm- the components
usedto produce
upperboommovement
on an articulating
boom-aedal
device,suchas
linkage,cables,sheavesand/orgears.
upper boom rest - the structuralmemberthat supportsthe upper
boomin therestortravelposition.
upperboomtlp -the boomtip of an upperboom.
uppercontrol valve- the hydraulicvalveon or besidetheplatform
ol an aerialdeviceusedforoperatingsomeor allofthefunctions
ofthe
aerialdevice.
uppercontrols- thecontrolslocatedon or besidetheplatformused
foroperating
someor allof thelunctions
of theunit.
upperpedestal-the structure
withinanelevatorliftthatconnects
the
elevatorliftto the aerialdevicerotationbearing.
upper tool clrcult - a tool hydrauliccircuitwith quickdisconnect
locatedat the upperboomtip.
couplings
vacuum- the absenceof pressure.A perfectvacuumis the total
a partialvacuumis somecondition
lessthan
absenceof pressure;
pressure.
(in.
Vacuumis measured
in inchesol mercury
atmospheric
Hs.).
pressure
lluidflowdirection,
valve- a devicethatcontrols
orflowrate.
vanepump- a typeof pumpwitha rotorandseveralslidingvanesin
anelliptical
chamber.
Hydraulic
fluidenterstheexpanding
areaandis
forcedoutas thefluidis movedto the decreasing
chamberarea.
varlabledlsplacementpump - a pumpin whichthe size of the
pumping
chambe(s)canbe changed,
so thattheoutputflowcanbe
changed
bymoving
thedisplacement
controlorvarying
thedrivespeed
orboth.
vehicle- a carrierfora unit.
veloclty- thespeedof linearmotionin a givendirection.
velocltytuse-a hydraulic
valv6thatis usedto stopfluidflowthrough
it whentheflowratereachesa predetermined
cut-otfvalue.
vent- an air breathing
deviceon a fluidreservoir
or hydraulic
line.
Vl - seeviscosity
index.
viscoslty- a measureof theintemalfrictionor resistance
to flowof a
fluid.
vlscoslty lndex (Vl) - a measureol the resistanceto changein
viscosity
ofa fluidwithchangeintemperature.
Thehigherthenumber,
the lesstheviscositywillchangeas the temperature
changes.
in
voltmeter-an instrument
usedto measure
thepotentialdifference
voltsbetweentwo pointsin an electricalcircuit.
volume- 1: thesizeof a spaceor chamberin cubicunits.2: loosely
applied
to theoutputflowof a pumpin gallonsperminute(gpm).
vortex- a whirlpoolof liquid.
walst harness- a beltdevicewomby theoperatorof a radioremot€
controlsyst€mto whichthetransmitter
is attached.
walklngbeamoutrlgger- an extendible
outriggerwhichhasa pivot
pointat thetop of the nonertending
leg anda linkageattachedto the
extending
leg,sothatthelegassemblyrotatesaboutthe pivotpointto
increasethe outriggerspreadas it is oxtended.
warnlng- an instruction
hazardous
situathatindicates
a potentially
tionwhich,if notavoided,
couldresultin deathor seriousiniury.
waterremovalflltel cartrldge- a specialfiltercartridgedesignedto
absorbandremovewaterfromhydrauliclluid.
lt is notintendedfor use
duringnormaloperation,
bulisfor usewhenwaterremovalis required.
way- a t€rmwhichdescribeshowmanyportsarein a valveor valve
section.
weldment- a structural
anassembly
unitformedbywelding
together
of pieces.
wheelchock- a wedgeor blockplacedon the groundin lrontof or
behindthewheelof a vehicleto blockthe movementof the wheel.
wlnch - a mechanism
consisting
of a gearboxwith a cylindrical
rotating
drumonwhichto coila lineforloadhoisting
or linetensioning.
wlnchcapaclty- themaximum
load,specilied
bythemanufacturer,
thatcanbe pulledon thelirst layerof lineon the winchdrumat rated
systempressure.
wlnch llne- a loadhoistinglineconsistingof a syntheticor wirerope.
wlnch llne ratedworklngload- theaveragebreakingstrengthof a
winchline (as specifiedby the line manufacturer)
dividedby the
appropriate
designfactoras specifiedby ANSI.
wlrerope-a ropemadefrom
steelwireswhich
areformed
intostrands
thatarethentwistedabouteachotherin a spiralconfiguration.
work-the exertion
ofalorcemovingthrough
adefinitedistance.
Work
poundismeasured
inunitsoflorcemultiplied
bydistance;forexample,
feet.
gearwhich
wormgearbox- a gearboxthat
utilizesa
hasacontinuous
spiraltoothorteethsimilarto a largescrewthreadalongshaft(worm),
thatdrivesa gearwhichhasteethcut at an anglealonga its outside
diameter(wormgear).Therotational
axisof thewormis perpendicular
to therotational
axisof thewormgear.
wr?p- a singlecoilof winchlineon a winchdrum.
Y-cable- anelectrical
cableassembly
whichcontains
threebranches
joinedat a commonpoint,similarto a "Y."
zerk- seegreaselitting.
Appendix- Glossary
T
t,
I
I
l
- Glossary
Appendix
Troubleshooting Ghart
Symptqm
Possible Cause
Test Procedure/CorrectiveAction
All functionsstop
working.
Engineor pump
failure.
Stow withouthydraulicpower.
Low fluid level in
reservoir.
Checkfluidlevel.Addpropertypeof fluidto approximately
two inches
of topof reservoir.
Shutotfvalves closed.
Check shutoffvalvesand open if they were closed.
Highpressureinternal
leakto reservoir.
fluidis cool,operatethe toolsystemandfeelcompoWhenreservoir
relief
nentsfor hotspot.Checktheseitems:toolquickdisconnects,
valveand rotaryjoint.Replacedefectivecomponent.
Automatic
throttlenot
returning
engineto
idle.
Adjustpressure
switchto engagewhenboomand platformfunctionsor
toolsin use,butreturnsenginelo idlewhn not in use.Changeswitch.
Defectivetool.
Replace
Try anothertoolor installflowmeter
at toolquickdisconnect.
defective
tool.
Quick disconnect.
Installflowmeteras above. Replacedefectivequick disconnect.
Automatic
throttle
controlnot increasing
enginespeed.
pressureswitch.Adjustpressureswitch
at engine-up
Checkpressure
to engagefor lowestpressurerequiredfunction,but shutsoff when
functions
or toolsarenot in use.Changeswitch.
Tool flow not increasing enginespeed
Automatic
toolcircuitsystemnotincreasing
enginespeed.Check
pressure
switch.Changeswitch.
at engineup pressure
Failureol hose,tube,
fitting,seal,etc.
lmproperplumbing
of
outriggervalves.
Stickingoutrigger
valvespool.
Lubricate
spoolto freemovement.
Boomsnotin rest.
Stow the booms.
Lower controlswill not
work.
Stationselectorin
Upperposition.
Move stationselectorto lower controls.
Uppercontrolswill not
work.
Stationselectorin
Lowerposition.
Movestationselectorto uppercontrols.
Automatic throttle
controlwill not
increase engine speed
when functionsare in
Automatic
throttle
pressureswitch.Adjustpressureswitch
Checkpressureto engine-up
systemnot increasing lo engagefor lowestpressurerequired
function,but shutsoff when
enginespeed.
functions
or toolsare nol in use.Chanoeswitch.
Excessiveheat
buildup.
Toolsoperateslowly.
Severe hydraulicleak.
Outriggers
won't
ooerate.
use.
Appendix- Troubleshooting
Chart

Altec AT CLASS

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