On the Trail of Giant Pandas in China

Transcription

EARTHWATCH 2014
ON THE TRAIL OF
GIANT PANDAS IN CHINA
DEAR EARTHWATCHER,
Welcome to the On the Trail of Giant Pandas in China expedition!
The giant panda, which is indigenous to China and one of our most beloved national treasures, is a highly endangered
animal. According to the latest national survey in 2003, there are approximately 1,590 wild giant pandas left in the world.
Pandas spend 55% of their time eating bamboo—which makes up 99% of their diet—and 43% resting. They are currently
confined to south-central China, and their habitats are in six isolated mountain ranges (Minshan, Qinling, Qionglai,
Liangshan, Daxiangling, and Xiaoxiangling) in Gansu, Shaanxi, and Sichuan Provinces (about 75% of the population lives
in Sichuan Province).
The China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP), the organization with which you’ll partner on
this expedition, manages three panda bases: respectively Wolong base in Wolong National Nature Reserve , Du Jiangyan
base ,and Ya’an Bifengxia base . The mission of the research center is to support the captive breeding of giant panda as
part of the conservation efforts for this endangered species. Your participation in this expedition will greatly facilitate our
efforts to fulfill this mission by helping us to record and monitor the behavior of captive-bred pandas, including those
which have been selected for potential release into the wild. You will be mainly working at CCRCGP’s Ya’an Bifengxia Base
to collect data by monitoring panda behavior.
I hope you enjoy the experience of being part of our team and helping our efforts to conserve the giant panda. We are all
most grateful to you for your help, and hope that you will find your time with the expedition interesting, rewarding, and
fun.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Hemin
Earthwatch Scientist
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EARTHWATCHINSTITUTE
CODING AND INTERPRETING PANDA BEHAVIOR
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION............................... 2
EXPEDITION PACKING CHECKLIST................. 4
THE RESEARCH............................................. 6
DESTINATION................................................ 8
DAILY LIFE IN THE FIELD.............................. 10
ACCOMMODATIONS AND FOOD...................... 12
TRAVEL TIPS................................................ 14
PROJECT CONDITIONS.................................. 16
SAFETY........................................................ 18
PROJECT STAFF...........................................20
RECOMMENDED READING............................ 21
PARTICIPANT RIGHTS
AND RESPONSIBILITIES ..............................22
CODING AND INTERPRETING
PANDA BEHAVIOR ........................................26
COMMUNICATIONS........................................39
Images © Zhang Guiquan, John Hanna
On the Trail of Giant Pandas in China 2014
1
GENERAL INFORMATION
ON THE TRAIL OF GIANT PANDAS IN CHINA
EARTHWATCH SCIENTISTS: Professor Zhang Hemin,
Professor Zhou Xiaoping
RESEARCH SITE: Ya’an Bifengxia Base, Sichuan Province, China
EXPEDITION DATES:
Team 1: May 25–May 31, 2014
Team 2: June 8–June 14, 2014
Team 3: Aug. 10–Aug. 16, 2014
Complete travel information is not
available in this version of the briefing.
Please contact Earthwatch
with any questions.
2
Team 4 (6-Day Road Scholar Team): Sept. 1–Sept. 6, 2014
Team 5 (6-Day Road Scholar Team): Oct. 20–Oct. 25, 2014
Team 6: Nov. 16–Nov. 22, 2014
TRIP PLANNER
TO DO IMMEDIATELY
q Make sure you understand and agree to Earthwatch
policies and participant responsibilities.
90 DAYS PRIOR TO EXPEDITION
omplete and return your volunteer forms.
qC
Below are the specific forms required for this expedition:
q Earthwatch Participation Form for Adults
q Travel Form
q If traveling internationally, make sure your passport is
current and obtain a visa for your destination country,
if necessary (see the Passports and Visas section,
pg. 15, for more details).
q Make sure you have all the necessary vaccinations
for your project site (see the Health Information section,
pg. 18).
q Bring your level of fitness up to the standards required
(see the Project Conditions section, pg. 16).
To complete forms, login at earthwatch.org.
Note: If you have signed up for an expedition within 90 days
of the start date, you must return your fully completed
volunteer forms as soon as possible.
eview the packing list (pg. 4) to make sure you have all
qR
the clothing, personal supplies, and equipment needed.
q Pay any outstanding balance on your expedition.
q Book travel arrangements.
q If you plan to purchase additional travel insurance,
note that some policies require purchase when your
expedition is booked (see the Insurance section,
pg. 19, for more information).
eave the Earthwatch 24-hour helpline number with
qL
a friend or relative (see pg. 39).
eave copies of your passport, visa, and airline tickets
qL
with a friend or relative.
onfirm your travel arrangements.
qC
Read this expedition briefing thoroughly. It provides the most accurate information available at the time
of your Earthwatch scientist’s project planning, and will likely answer any questions you have about the
project. However, please also keep in mind that research requires improvisation, and you may need to be
flexible. Research plans evolve in response to new findings, as well as to unpredictable factors such as
weather, equipment failure, and travel challenges. To enjoy your expedition to the fullest, remember to
expect the unexpected, be tolerant of repetitive tasks, and try to find humor in difficult situations. If there
are any major changes in the research plan or field logistics, Earthwatch will make every effort to keep
you well informed before you go into the field.
3
EXPEDITION PACKING CHECKLIST
REQUIRED ITEMS
GENERAL
BEDDING AND BATHING
NOTE: The hotel will provide bedding, pillows, and towels.
his expedition briefing
qT
PERSONAL SUPPLIES
hotocopies of your passport, flight itinerary, and credit
qP
cards in case the originals are lost or stolen; the copies
should be packed separately from the original
documents
ersonal toiletries (biodegradable soaps and shampoos
qP
are encouraged)
assport and/or visa (if necessary)
qP
ersonal first aid kit (e.g., anti-diarrhea pills, antibiotics,
qP
antiseptic, itch-relief, pain reliever, bandages, blister
covers, etc.) and medications
ertification of vaccination (if necessary)
qC
ocumentation for travel by minors (if necessary) (see
qD
Volunteers Under 18 Years of Age in the Travel Tips
section, pg. 15)
ntibacterial wipes or lotion (good for cleaning hands
qA
while in the field)
lashlight or headlamp with extra batteries and
qF
extra bulb
CLOTHING/FOOTWEAR FOR FIELDWORK
MISCELLANEOUS
arthwatch T-shirt
qE
pending money
qS
ightweight, quick-drying, long-sleeved shirts
qL
ightweight, quick-drying trousers/pants
qL
iking boots
qH
aterproof jacket or poncho
qW
aterproof over-trousers
qW
ide-brimmed hat
qW
CLOTHING/FOOTWEAR FOR LEISURE
few sets of clothing to keep clean for the end of
qA
expedition and free time
lippers
qS
FIELD SUPPLIES
unglasses
qS
unscreen lotion with SPF 30 or higher
qS
OPTIONAL ITEMS
amera, film/memory card(s), extra camera battery
qC
lashlight or headlamp with extra batteries and extra
qF
bulb
q Books, games, journal, art supplies, etc. for free time
arplugs
qE
lank CD, DVD, or flash drive for sharing digital
qB
photographs at the end of the expedition
ravel guide
qT
rybag or plastic bags (e.g., Ziploc) (good for protecting
qD
equipment such as camera from dust, humidity, and
water)
NOTE: Required and optional items lists are accurate to the
best of Earthwatch’s knowledge at the time of publication.
mall daypack
qS
wo one-liter water bottles
qT
q Insect repellent spray
4
5
THE RESEARCH
ON THE TRAIL OF GIANT PANDAS IN CHINA
THE STORY
The iconic giant panda ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is threatened
by a restricted and degraded habitat and its reliance on bamboo
for food. Pandas must devour up to 38 kilograms (84 pounds) per
day of this diet staple because of its low nutrient content, and
therefore they depend on a steady supply of bamboo—a supply
that has already been depleted by deforestation and that is very
vulnerable to the effects of climate change.
6
At present, this endangered species is limited to a few isolated
mountain ranges in south-central China. Many surviving wild
giant panda subpopulations have fewer than 50 individuals.
Habitat destruction has led to populations of panda becoming
small and isolated. Poaching of pandas was a serious issue in
the past, but it has greatly diminished, and is no longer
considered a major threat. Panda parts are not used in
traditional Chinese medicine. However, giant pandas are still
sometimes killed accidentally in snares set for musk deer and
other species.
Due to concerns over the declining wild population, the China
Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda
(CCRCGP) was established at Wolong in 1983. In 2003 a sister
site was opened in Ya’an, called the Ya’an Bifengxia Base of
CCRCGP. Scientists at both sites have conducted various
breeding research projects that have resulted in the birth of 134
panda cubs. Together, the sites host the largest captive panda
population in the world. Currently, the Ya’an Bifengxia Base has
more than 60 captive pandas (although only about 20 female
pandas are at a breeding age), and the Wolong Panda Base
(which was devastated by an earthquake in 2008, meaning that
many pandas there had to be rescued) has eight pandas,
although the plan is to transfer more to this site from Bifengxia.
Panda reintroduction training research has been carried out by
CCRCGP since 2003, with the long-term aim of releasing captive
panda back into their natural habitats. As part of this aim,
selected panda at both sites live in large, semi-wild enclosures
and have minimal human contact.
RESEARCH AIMS
The goal of this Earthwatch project is to increase our knowledge
of the behavior of both captive and semi-captive pandas (and the
differences between them). You will help scientists to collect
panda behavior data at the Ya’an Bifengxia Base. You will
contribute to data collection by observing and recording panda
behavior—both by direct observation of captive pandas and from
video recordings of pandas in semi-captive conditions at
CCRCGP’s Wolong Base. You may also record breeding behavior,
depending on what time of year you join us. This data will help
support the effective management and husbandry of pandas at
both sites, and should also contribute (alongside previous
behavioral studies of wild panda) to our understanding of what
success looks like for the panda living in semi-wild conditions.
HOW YOU WILL HELP
You will help scientists collect vital panda behavioral data at the
Ya’an Bifengxia Base. Volunteers will work in small groups on
assignments that may include:
Monitoring—sometimes by direct observation, and sometimes
by watching remotely via video—and recording the daily behavior
of our semi-captive giant pandas. You might see them sniff around
to investigate their surroundings, mark territory, rest, eat, play,
and groom. Scientists study panda behavior to determine which
characteristics indicate good candidates for wilderness
reintroduction, and to compare pandas being trained for the wild
with those who aren’t to see if and how their behavior differs.
Preparing food for pandas and helping to keep their living
quarters clean.
Coding video materials of giant pandas being conditioned for
possible reintroduction into the wild. You’ll learn how to
categorize these trainee pandas’ behavior to help evaluate how
prepared they are to survive outside the panda base.
Your help will contribute to increasing the world’s population
of captive pandas—which we need to ensure the survival of
the species in the future—and ultimately to the long-term
goal of strategic release of captive pandas into the wild.
7
YOUR DESTINATION
ABOUT YA’AN, SICHUAN PROVINCE, CHINA
The CCRCGP’s Ya’an Bifengxia Base draws visitors with its
stunning wild beauty, and, of course, with the opportunity to see
giant pandas, one of the world’s most recognizable species. The
base, in Sichuan Province about 18 kilometers (11 miles) from
Ya’an City and 150 kilometers (93 miles) north of Chengdu, the
region’s major city, sits in a gorge made up of two valleys of
about 6.5 and eight kilometers (four and five miles) in length.
With an elevation ranging from about 700 to 800 meters (2,300 to
6,500 feet), the gorge is famous for its lush vegetation—you can
find over 320 species of wild plants here—and its more than 50
waterfalls. There is also a zoo in Bifengxia, which is home to
about 400 species of wild animals. The CCRCGP base is situated
at an elevation of 1,100 to 1,200 meters (3,600 to 3,950 feet).
8
In addition to being known for its proximity to pandas, the city
of Ya’an was once the heart of tea cultivation in China and the
beginning of the treacherous Tea Horse Road, over which
porters transported tea to Tibet and beyond for centuries. About
one and a half million people now live in the city. Sichuan
Province, an agricultural stronghold, is home to many different
ethnic groups, including the Yi, Hui, Tibetan, and Miao people,
making it an area of diverse cultures and traditions.
Ya’an
9
DAILY LIFE IN THE FIELD
PLANS AND POLICIES
On the evening of your first day, we will brief you on what to
expect throughout the project. Once in the field, you will receive
training on how to monitor panda behavior, and how to take
accurate notes for research purposes.
You’ll also have lots of opportunities to learn more about pandas
and efforts to protect them. You’ll watch educational films
throughout the expedition (noted on the following schedule as
“movie time”), which cover topics like panda ecology and panda
breeding at CCRCGP’s facilities. You’ll also hear lectures from
the Ya’an Bifenxia Base’s team of experts on panda conservation,
disease control, breeding efforts, and other topics. The precise
lectures depend on the availability of the scientists at the base
during your expedition.
On most evenings you’ll have personal time after dinner, during
which you may choose to relax at the hotel. You can also explore
the area within walking distance, such as the local markets,
bars, or restaurants.
EARTHWATCH RECREATIONAL
TIME POLICY
Project staff will generally accompany participants
from the rendezvous to the end of the expedition. For
recreational days, when no research activities are
scheduled, Earthwatch scientists will offer either a team
activity or a range of recreational activities that comply
with Earthwatch standards. Participants may also remain
at project accommodations. Those who pursue other
options must sign a release form.
If there is a period of time during a regular research
day when no research activities are scheduled, adult
participants may leave the project site on their own;
they will have to sign out first. Unless contacted for help,
project staff will not search for a participant unless he or
she fails to appear the following morning or for the next
scheduled research activity.
Earthwatch will assess the general risks of adult
participants leaving the project site, but cannot guarantee
participant safety or an awareness of all issues. In some
cases, due to local conditions, adult participants may
have to stay at the project site during recreational time,
a requirement that will be clearly communicated on site.
10
ITINERARY AND DAILY SCHEDULE
Weather and research needs can lead to changes in the daily schedule. We appreciate your cooperation and understanding.
NOTE: Because Teams 4 to 5 are six-day teams, they will have a slightly adjusted itineraries.
DAY 1
DAY 2
DAY 3
3:00 p.m.
Rendezvous at Chengdu Airport
6:00 p.m.
Arrive at Ya’an
6:00–7:00 p.m.
Dinner
7:00 p.m.
Evening session: orientation and welcome
7:00–8:00 a.m.
Breakfast
8:00–9:30 a.m.
Leave for Bifengxia, introduction to research center at Bifengxia
9:30 a.m.–noon
Training lecture
noon–1:00 p.m.
Lunch
1:00–5:00 p.m.
Continue training, with break periods throughout the afternoon
5:00–6:00 p.m.
Back to hotel and rest
6:00–7:00 p.m.
Dinner
7:00–8:00 a.m.
Breakfast
8:00 a.m.–noon
Leave for Bifengxia and training
noon–1:00 p.m.
Lunch
1:00–2:00 p.m.
Movie time
2:00–4:00 p.m.
Data collection – observing panda behavior
4:00 –5:00 pm.
Lecture
5:00–6:00 p.m.
6:00–7:00 p.m.
Dinner
DAY 4
Same as Day 3, except you’ll observe panda behavior and enter the data that’s been collected in the morning (instead of
training). You’ll also help clean the enclosures, make “panda bread” (a mix of cornmeal, fruit, and sometimes vitamins or
medicine), and feed baby pandas with milk.
DAY 5
Same as Day 4, with the opportunity to visit the ancient town of Shangli (chinafacttours.com/sichuan/attractions/shangli-oldtown.html) in the afternoon.
DAY 6
7:00–8:00 a.m.
Breakfast
8:00 a.m.–noon
Leave for Bifengxia and observe panda behavior
noon–1:00 p.m.
Lunch
1:00–2:00 p.m.
Break
2:00–5:00 p.m.
Plant bamboo for pandas, research wrap-up
5:00–6:00 p.m.
6:00–8:00 p.m.
Farewell dinner
7:00–9:00 a.m.
Breakfast
9:00–10:00 a.m.
Pack and check out of hotel
10:00 a.m.–1:00 p.m.
Travel from Ya’an to Chengdu Airport
DAY 7
11
ACCOMMODATIONS AND FOOD
ABOUT YOUR HOME IN THE FIELD
12
SLEEPING
BATHROOM FACILITIES
Volunteers will stay in the Ibis Hotel during the expedition (ibis.
com/gb/hotel-6466-ibis-ya-an-downtown/index.shtml)
Each hotel room has an attached bathroom with a flush toilet.
Hot water is available 24 hours a day.
Each volunteer will have his or her own room. Couples can
request a shared room. The hotel will provide towels, bedding,
and pillows.
The study site has toilets, but does not provide toilet paper. You
will need to bring your own with you, which you can purchase in
local stores.
ELECTRICITY
FOOD
The hotel has electricity: 220 volts, 50 cycles AC, plug types A
and/or I.
The hotel staff will prepare your breakfast in the mornings. When
we’re working at Bifengxia Panda Base, we will have lunch in the
dining room there. Each volunteer will get two to three Chinese
dishes and rice. Volunteers will likely share meals with
researchers and staff, and will help with cleanup.
INTERNET AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS
Volunteers are encouraged to bring their own laptops, as Internet
is available in the hotel rooms (there is only one cable per room).
A wireless router can be rented for a single fee of 10 RMB (US$1.60)
at the hotel’s front desk. We recommend that volunteers use
their own Skype credit to make international calls.
FACILITIES AND AMENITIES
Below are examples of the foods you might expect in the field.
Variety depends on availability. This list provides a general idea
of food types, but please be flexible.
BREAKFAST: Bread, porridge, orange juice, vegetables, eggs,
fried rice, buns, and noodles
The hotel has dining rooms, meeting rooms, and bars where
volunteers can buy drinks for anywhere from 20 RMB (US$3) to
several hundred RMB. It also provides laundry service at a cost
of about 20 to 80 RMB (US$3–$13) per item of clothing.
LUNCH: Chinese food: vegetables and meat with rice or bread.
DISTANCE TO FIELD SITE
SNACKS: Instant coffee, fruit
The Ibis Hotel in Ya’an is about half an hour’s drive away from the
field site in Bifengxia. Volunteers will be transported by bus or car.
SERVICES AND RESTAURANTS IN WALKING
DISTANCE
Ya’an has supermarkets, shops, restaurants (western and
Chinese), bars, and foot massage places nearby, which you can
explore during your free time. There’s also a hospital within
walking distance.
DINNER: Chinese food: fried vegetables, meats, Sichuan cuisine
(spicy), soup, rice, and noodles.
BEVERAGES: Do not drink unboiled or untreated tap water. The
hotel serves boiled water during meals, but you will have to boil
water in your own room when at the hotel during non-meal times.
SPECIAL DIETARY REQUIREMENTS
Please alert Earthwatch to any special dietary requirements
(e.g., diabetes, lactose intolerance, nut or other serious food
allergies) as soon as possible, and note them in the space
provided on your volunteer forms. The hotel can serve
vegetarians, but it is difficult to accommodate vegans.
13
TRAVEL TIPS
SUGGESTIONS FOR THE ROAD
LUGGAGE
MONEY MATTERS
LOST AND DELAYED LUGGAGE: If your luggage goes astray,
please have it sent to:
LOCAL CURRENCY: Only the local currency, China Yuan
Renminbi (RMB), is accepted.
with any questions.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS: Do not bring more luggage than
you can carry and handle on your own. If traveling by air and
checking your luggage, we advise you to pack an extra set of field
clothing and personal essentials in your carry-on bag in case
your luggage is lost or delayed. Many airlines have strict baggage
policies. Please check with your airline(s) on baggage weight
limits, liquid restrictions, fees for checked baggage, etc.
TRANSFERRING LUGGAGE: If you will be taking an international
flight that has one or more connections within the country of your
destination, you must collect any checked bags at the airport
where you first arrive in the destination country. After proceeding
through customs, you will have to recheck your luggage before
flying on to your final destination.
14
PERSONAL FUNDS: It is advisable to exchange money into RMB
before you embark on your trip. You can also exchange money at
Chengdu airport. We suggest that volunteers exchange at least
1000 RMB cash for snacks, souvenirs, taxis, etc. Foreign credit
cards are usually not accepted in most areas.
YOUR DESTINATION
LANGUAGE: Chinese. The expedition is conducted in English.
TIME ZONE: China Standard Time, CST (UTC + 8:00). For time
worldwide with GMT/UTC, see worldtimeserver.com.
TELEPHONE DIALING CODES: When calling China from another
country, dial the country’s international dialing code, followed by
+86 and the number. When calling within China, omit the +86 and
include the 0 prefix for domestic long-distance calls, regardless
of whether they are from or to a mobile or land line. For local
calls to and from land lines, simply dial the seven-or eight-digit
number. When calling another country from China, dial the
access code 00, followed by the other country’s country code and
the number. Note: You should check with your cell phone provider
to obtain any carrier-specific dialing codes you may need; many
providers have dialing procedures that may differ in whole or in
part from these directions.
PASSPORTS AND VISAS
WILL YOU NEED A PASSPORT?
Most volunteers traveling from outside China will require
a passport valid for at least six months beyond the dates
of travel.
NOTES:
China does not recognize dual nationality.
HIV-positive travelers are not permitted to enter the country.
WILL YOU NEED A VISA?
Citizens of the U.S., EU, Australia and Japan DO need tourist
visas for entry. Citizens of other countries should check with
their travel agent or a visa agency for specific visa and entry
requirements.
INFORMATION FOR VOLUNTEERS
REQUIRING VISAS ONLY
TYPE OF VISA TO GET: Tourist
The purpose of your visit is for vacation, holiday, or travel.
Immigration officials do not always understand the concept
of a “working vacation” or “volunteering.” Words such as
“working,” “volunteering,” “research,” or “scientific
expedition” can raise questions concerning the country’s
foreign labor laws and about official scientific research
permits and credentials, etc., to which volunteers will not be
equipped to respond on their own. All required research
permits for the project are in place and have been approved
by the proper authorities.
WHERE TO GET A VISA: Contact the nearest Chinese
embassy or consulate to find out how to apply. Please note
that this process can take weeks or even months. We strongly
recommend using a visa agency, which can both expedite and
simplify the process.
SUGGESTED AGENCIES
IN THE U.S.: Travisa; 212-613-2223; travisa.com
IN EUROPE: CIBT, Inc. (UK); [email protected]; uk.cibt.com
CONTACT INFORMATION: You may be required to list the
following contact information on your visa application and
immigration form:
with any questions.
COST OF A VISA: Generally between US$40 and $100, but
varies from country to country and can cost up to US$180.
A visa agency will charge an additional fee.
VOLUNTEERS UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE
In an effort to prevent international child abduction, many
governments have procedures at entry and exit points to
protect minors. Thus, if a minor will be traveling with only one
guardian or alone, he or she may need a notarized letter from
all legal guardians stating that the minor may travel
unaccompanied or in the presence of a single guardian. If
necessary, this letter must give an explanation for why only
one parent or someone other than a parent is signing the
letter. For example, if one parent is deceased, only one parent
has legal guardianship, or someone other than the parents is
the legal guardian, the letter should state that. Airlines may
also have documentation requirements for unaccompanied
minors, e.g., a birth certificate or a notarized letter like the
one described above.
IMPORTANT: Requirements of specific countries and airlines
vary and change frequently. You must keep informed of the
requirements on your own to avoid problems at immigration.
If the minor is refused entry into a country or onto a flight
because of lack of documentation, there is nothing
Earthwatch can do to help.
IN AUSTRALIA: Ask your travel agency if it can send your
visa application on your behalf.
REQUIRED INFORMATION: You will need to send your
passport (valid for at least six months beyond your stay), a
visa application and immigration form, two to four passportsize photos, and payment to the embassy or visa agency (if
applicable). Please be sure that your passport is valid for at
least six months beyond your stay.
15
PROJECT CONDITIONS
THE FIELD ENVIRONMENT
CONDITIONS
Conditions are expected to vary within these limits:
HUMIDITY: 75.5%- 84.8%
ALTITUDE: 1,100 to 1,200 meters/3,600 to 3,950 feet
RAINFALL: 57 millimeters/2.2 inches (November) to
434 millimeters/17.1 inches (August); 1,693
millimeters/66.7 inches annual average
ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS
All participants must be able to, independently or with the
assistance of a companion:
q Follow verbal and/or visual instructions.
q Enjoy being outdoors, potentially all day, in all types of
weather (including wet and humid conditions) and in the
potential presence of wild animals and insects. If weather
becomes too unpleasant, it is possible to sit inside and
observe panda behavior on video monitors.
q Sit or stand for multiple hours at a time to observe panda
behavior both in the field and on video monitors.
Ya’an is cloudy and rainy for most of the year (about 220 days)
and has cool summers. July, August, and September are
monsoon season, so volunteers should expect a great deal of
rain then. The temperature during the hottest time of the year—
July and August—ranges from about 22°C (71°F) to 30°C (85°F).
During the coldest time when volunteers will be here—October
and November—the temperature will likely range from 10°C
(51°F) to 16°C (60°F). The annual average temperature is
16.2°C (61°F).
q Get oneself up into and down out of a bus and ride, seated
with seatbelt fastened, for up to about 2 hours a day (longer
on days when we travel between sites and to and from the
airport), on sometimes unpaved, bumpy roads.
NOTE: HIV-positive people are not allowed to enter China, so
individuals who are HIV-positive will not be able to participate
in this expedition.
WORKING AT ALTITUDE
Although the project is not at an exceptionally high altitude, you
may need time to adjust. Even people who are very fit at sea level
can find themselves struggling as they walk at higher altitudes.
Report any illness (headache, lethargy, appetite loss, nausea,
etc.) to staff immediately.
Also remain well hydrated. The sun is strong at these
altitudes, so a high-factor sun cream and protective clothing
(wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, long sleeves) are essential.
If you have any condition that might be affected by increased
sun exposure or if you are sensitive to heat, please consult
a physician. Be aware that many common prescription
medications can increase your sensitivity to sun and heat.
Illnesses that may be aggravated by altitude include sickle cell
anemia and chronic heart and lung diseases. Those with asthma
or other breathing problems may experience altitude-related
discomfort and may wish to consult with their doctors in advance.
16
POTENTIAL HAZARDS
Hazard Type
Associated Risks and Precautions
Transportation
Road travel will consist of travel to and from the airport and to and from the hotel to the field sites. Typical road-travel related
hazards will be present. Precautionary measures will include traveling at slower speeds in order to navigate roads with
pedestrians, motorcycles, and vehicle traffic. Some travel will be on unpaved roads, which can be very bumpy. Participants
prone to back pain should consult their physician about these travel conditions. Seatbelts must be worn at all times.
Animals/
Plants
There are always risks in working with animals. We will brief you on appropriate behavior around the pandas when you arrive.
Mosquitoes are common; the risk of mosquito-borne diseases is low, but present. Appropriate clothing and insect repellent
are essential, and participants should discuss with their physician whether anti-malarials are appropriate. Wasps, horse
flies, ticks, ants, and sweat bees may be present, but are unlikely to cause any serious problems. If you are allergic to any
insect bites or stings, please include this information on your Health Form, bring the appropriate medication with you into
the field (e.g,. an EpiPen) and tell project staff where you’re carrying it.
Venomous snakes are present, but they are not frequently seen. By wearing long trousers/pants, footwear that covers the
ankles, and adhering to guidelines provided during the safety briefing, participants will minimize their chances of an
accident occurring.
Some plants along trails have thorns or are likely to cause irritation if handled, such as bamboo shoots and some grasses.
These plant species will be shown to participants so they can exercise caution in the field. Poison ivy and lacquer trees are
also present in the area, and participants are advised to dress appropriately and cover their arms and legs to avoid contact
with these irritants.
Climate/
Weather
Mild dehydration is one of the most common causes of discomfort in the field. It is imperative that participants stay
hydrated. Some of the work will be carried out under the enclosure shed, but in the open the sun will be strong enough to
cause sunburn unless appropriate protection is worn—this includes sunscreen, long-sleeved shirts, and a hat.
Because of the high humidity, people who use hearing aids may find they don’t work properly. You should consider
purchasing a hearing aid dehumidifier.
Rain is common from June to August, and rainstorms and flooding can cause traffic issues. Bring and wear quick-drying
long-sleeved shirts and trousers/pants, a waterproof jacket or poncho, and waterproof over-trousers.
Project Tasks/
Equipment
Participants may use sharp knives while preparing food for pandas. Please remain alert while using knives,
and follow any instructions relating to their use from project staff.
Personal
Security
The program sites are in remote reserve areas with minimal security concerns. Crime is rare in the region.
But participants should still follow some simple suggestions:
• Move around in pairs or groups, especially at night.
• Wear conservative clothing that covers upper arms and legs.
• Don’t carry more cash than necessary.
• Keep a tight hold on your belongings at all times in public areas.
• Do not engage in reckless or risky behavior.
• Leave any unnecessary valuables at home.
Distance from
Medical Care
T he nearest medical care is 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the project site, and it may take up to one hour to arrange
Drinking Water
The tap water in China is not drinkable. Drink only boiled or purified water.
Earthquakes
Two serious earthquakes happened in the past five years in Sichuan: a magnitude 8.0 earthquake on May 12th, 2008 in
Wenchuan county, around 209 kilometers away from Ya’an, and a magnitude 7.0 earthquake on April 20th, 2013 in Lushan
county, around 32 kilometer from Ya’an. There were several aftershocks in the nearby areas after the earthquakes. This
project is based in Bifengxia, around 17 kilometers from Ya’an. There were no significant impacts to the research base from
the two earthquakes. A thorough risk assessment was done before and after the Lushan earthquake, and the Ya’an Ibis
hotel where participants will stay was built in 2009 with an earthquake-safe design. Participants will be briefed on the
evacuation route once they arrive at the hotel.
transport and reach the hospital. If you have a chronic condition that could require immediate medical care (e.g., heart
conditions, kidney problems, severe asthma, etc.), or if you are pregnant, please discuss your participation on this
expedition with your physician.
17
SAFETY
HEALTH INFORMATION
ROUTINE IMMUNIZATIONS
All volunteers should have the following up-to-date
immunizations: DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus), polio, MMR
(measles, mumps, rubella), and varicella (if you have not already
had chicken pox). Please be sure your tetanus shot is current.
Medical decisions are the responsibility of each volunteer and
his or her doctor, and the following are recommendations only.
Earthwatch can only provide details regarding suggested
vaccinations, and we are not a medical organization.
PROJECT VACCINATIONS
REQUIRED: If traveling from countries or region where
yellow fever is endemic, you must have a certificate of
vaccination.
RECOMMENDED: Hepatitis A and B
ADVICE REGARDING DISEASES
Diseases found in China may include malaria, dengue fever,
cholera, tuberculosis, filariasis, leishmaniasis, onchocerciasis,
trypanosomiasis, schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, hepatitis,
leptospirosis, chikunguya, tick-borne encephalitis, plague,
and typhoid.
RABIES: You may wish to consult your doctor about getting
vaccinated against rabies for this expedition, given the
remoteness of the locations and the possibility of loose and stray
dogs. The rabies pre-exposure vaccination consists of three
doses over a 28-day period. Please be sure to consult your
physician or travel health clinic well before your expedition to
ensure that you have time for the full vaccination series. If you
have previously been vaccinated, a booster shot may be required.
Whether you have been vaccinated or not, always avoid loose and
stray dogs. The pre-exposure vaccination does not eliminate the
need for post-exposure medical attention and treatment, but it
does provide additional protection against the disease in event
of a delay in treatment. In addition, bites or scratches should be
immediately and thoroughly washed with soap, clean water,
and a topical povidone-iodine solution or ethanol.
TUBERCULOSIS: Volunteers returning from developing
countries may wish to have a (PPD)-tuberculin skin-test to
screen for potential infection.
Avian influenza may be present in birds in many areas of China.
The WHO recommends that all patients in China who develop
severe respiratory disease with no alternative diagnosis be
tested for avian flu, even if there is no exposure to birds. To
reduce the chance of infection, avoid live animal markets and
poultry and pig farms. Do not handle sick or dead birds or other
animals, including cats. Avoid touching any surfaces that may
be contaminated by poultry droppings.
Traveler’s diarrhea also affects many international travelers.
Please see the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(cdc.gov) or World Health Organization (WHO) (who.int) websites
for more information on these conditions and how to avoid them.
You can decrease your risk of most diseases above by avoiding
mosquito bites, practicing good hygiene, and drinking only
bottled or filtered water when appropriate.
Malaria is present in the rural areas of Sichuan Province where
the project is located. The mosquitoes in this area are chloroquine
sensitive. Participants should consult their physician or travel
health provider for advice on malarial prophylaxis.
18
EMERGENCIES IN THE FIELD
PHYSICIAN, NURSE, OR EMT ON STAFF: Project staff members
are not medical professionals.
STAFF CERTIFIED IN SAFETY TRAINING:
FIRST AID, INCLUDING CPR: Anna Li, Justin Jia, Lydia Zhou,
Joseph Zhou, and Jenny Zhong
WILDERNESS FIRST RESPONDERS: Anna Li, Justin Jia
NEAREST MEDICAL CARE:
Bifengxia Town Clinic
43 Sanyichang
Bifengxia town, Ya’an
Approx. 15 minutes’ drive from field site.
INSURANCE
Travel insurance is included in the contribution you pay to
Earthwatch. The insurance covers your travel medical risks,
including medical expenses and emergency medical evacuation,
while you are traveling. It also provides trip cancellation
insurance and baggage and personal money insurance. It does
not provide personal liability insurance. Earthwatch’s insurance
is applicable during travel to and from the expedition site and
the duration of the expedition, but does not apply to detours for
personal vacations made on the same trip. This insurance
policy is secondary to your existing health insurance policy.
For more information, please see earthwatch.org/expeditions/
travel-insurance. Refer any queries regarding Earthwatch’s
travel policy to our insurance liaison at +1 (978) 450-1222 or
[email protected].
If you booked through Earthwatch Australia, please contact
them at +61 (0) 9016 7590 or [email protected]
for any queries.
EARTHWATCH’S 24-HOUR EMERGENCY
HOTLINE (OUTSIDE AUSTRALIA)
Call Earthwatch’s 24-hour on-call duty officer in the U.S.:
+1 (978) 461-0081
+1 (800) 776-0188 (toll-free for calls placed from within the U.S.)
HEALIX INTERNATIONAL:
+44-20-3667-8991 (collect calls and reverse charges accepted)
U.S. TOLL FREE: +1-877-759 3917
U.K. FREE PHONE: 0-800-19-5180
EMAIL: [email protected]
HOTLINE (WITHIN AUSTRALIA):
+61-0-3-8508-5537
After business hours, leave a message with our live
answering service. State that you have an emergency
and give the name of your expedition, your name, the
location from which you are calling, and if possible, a
phone number where you can be reached. An Earthwatch
staff person will respond to your call within one hour.
EMERGENCY MEDICAL AND
EVACUATION ASSISTANCE
For emergency assistance in the field, please contact
Earthwatch’s 24-hour emergency hotline number highlighted
in the box. You may also contact our assistance provider,
Healix International, at the number highlighted in the event of
a medical or evacuation emergency or for routine medical and
travel advice, such as advice on visas and vaccine requirements.
19
PROJECT STAFF
YOUR RESOURCES IN THE FIELD
EARTHWATCH SCIENTIST PROFESSOR ZHANG HEMIN is director of the Wolong Special Administrative
Region in Wenchuan, the administrator of the Wolong National Nature Reserve, and the director of CCRCGP.
Since 1989, Prof. Zhang has overcome many challenges to improve the natural rate of captive pandas and
the panda cub survival rate. Prof. Zhang is currently researching the reintroduction of captive pandas and
the control of panda epidemic diseases. His research has resulted in the successful breeding of 134 pandas
and many publications in scientific journals. Prof. Zhang won the May 1st National Labor Medal in 2007
(China’s highest national professional award). He will not join any teams in the field.
EARTHWATCH SCIENTIST PROFESSOR ZHOU XIAOPING received his B.A. from Sichuan University in
1983 and is currently the deputy chief engineer at the Wolong Nature Reserve, where he has worked since
finishing college. He also worked for six months as a researcher at the San Diego Zoo and as a visiting
scholar at the University of California, San Diego. Prof. Zhou has received many professional awards, such
as the Special Government Allowance from State Council of China, the Science and Technology Progress
Award in Sichuan Province, and the State Science and Technology Progress Award. He will be in the field
with all teams.
LYDIA ZHOU, the program coordinator at CCRCGP, graduated from Yunnan University with a degree in
English. She joined CCRCGP in 2011 to study panda behavior with Prof. Zhou Xiaoping. Now, she mainly
works with the volunteer program. She loves nature and wildlife, especially giant pandas. She will be in
the field with all teams.
JENNY ZHONG is the program research assistant at CCRCGP, and graduated from Chengdu Institute
Sichuan International Studies Uni-versity with a degree in English. She joined CCRCGP in 2012 to study
panda behavior with Prof Zhou Xiaoping. So far, she has worked with several volunteer groups. She loves
the giant panda. She will be in the field with all teams.
JOSEPH ZHOU is the program research assistant at CCRCGP. He joined CCRCGP in 2012 to join the panda
behavior program led by Prof. Zhou Xiaoping. He graduated from Sichuan Agricultural University, and is
very interested in and concerned about wildlife conservation and climate change. Now, he mainly works
with CCRCGP’s volunteer program. He will be in the field with all teams.
ANNA LI is the learning coordinator at Earthwatch in Mainland China. She joined Earthwatch in 2009
and has worked on a variety of corporate programs, including the HSBC Climate Partnership, the Alcoa
Sustainability Fellowship Program, and the Swire Leadership Program. She also has extensive experience
working with public volunteers. She’s now working with the HSBC Water Program, along with other
projects. She graduated from Heilongjiang University, where she majored in practical English, corporate
management, and marketing. Anna will join all teams in the field except for Team 2.
JUSTIN JIA is the program coordinator for Earthwatch in Mainland China, and was the support and logistics
officer of the Earthwatch’s China Regional Climate Center. He studied biology at university and received
his master’s degree in plant ecology in July 2011. From 2008 to 2010, he helped establish 12 one-hectare
permanent monitoring plots in the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve to study the effects of human
disturbance on the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. During that time, he worked with Earthwatch
staff and HSBC Climate Champions. He joined Earthwatch full time in March 2011 to work for environmental
protection in the face of climate change. Justin will join Team 2 in the field.
NOTE: Staff schedules are subject to change.
20
RECOMMENDED READING
YOUR RESOURCES AT HOME
RESOURCES
PROJECT-RELATED WEBSITES
EARTHWATCH SOCIAL MEDIA
•CCRCGP website: en.chinapanda.org.cn/
•FACEBOOK: facebook.com/Earthwatch
•Panda news from around the world and panda webcams:
pandanews.org
•YOUTUBE: youtube.com/earthwatchinstitute
•T WITTER: twitter.com/earthwatch_org
•Before you arrive, please watch this video of the panda
behavior you’ll observe and record while in the field:
youtube/pzjYo1YgQbQ. (The video has no sound).
Youtube is blocked in China so you won’t be able to
access this video once you arrive.
21
PARTICIPANT RIGHTS
AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Conversely, an Earthwatch scientist may give written permission
to use data and images for academic or profitable activity. Please
be sure to ask what is acceptable to the Earthwatch scientist.
Fellows or scholarship recipients are sometimes required to
submit a written report reflecting what they have learned on a
project, sometimes as a step toward developing a curriculum.
Earthwatch scientists have the right but not the obligation to
review and edit materials involving information gathered on
one of their expeditions.
DISCRIMINATION
This document contains important information concerning
Earthwatch Institute policies and participant rights and
responsibilities for inclusion in an Earthwatch expedition.
Please read this document thoroughly and sign the Liability
Release section of your Earthwatch Participation Form to
indicate that you understand and accept the risks inherent to
your expedition and the policies, rights, and responsibilities
enumerated in this document. You will not be permitted to
participate in an expedition until Earthwatch has received
the signed release form.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
It is permissible to share photos, videos, and stories of your
expedition with family, friends, local media, and in a public
forum. Sharing your new perspectives and experiences is
welcomed and encouraged.
However, please recognize that all information, data, and images
shared or gathered in the course of your expedition’s field work
become the intellectual property of the Earthwatch scientist.
Co-opting or plagiarism of data, images, or information gathered
during an expedition for use in a scientific thesis, master’s, or
PhD work, or for profit or for the academic or business use of a
third party without the permission of the Earthwatch scientist is
strictly prohibited. Please be aware that data gathered during the
interviewing of local people become the intellectual property of
the Earthwatch scientist. Earthwatch scientists have the right
to place additional restrictions on your ability to share data or
certain research-related images.
22
Earthwatch does not discriminate on the basis of race,
religion, ethnicity, national origin, gender, sexual orientation,
or any other reason prohibited by applicable law and respects
participants’ right to privacy. However, you must be aware that
local laws in countries in which Earthwatch operates may not
be antidiscriminatory and that the possibility exists that local
residents may not have an awareness of preferred practice
regarding discrimination.
Discrimination on the basis of race, religion, ethnicity, national
origin, gender, or sexual orientation will not be tolerated on
Earthwatch teams. Disruptive behavior or verbal, physical, or
any other type of abuse or harassment will also not be tolerated.
Violation of Earthwatch’s nondiscrimination policy is grounds
for expulsion from the program without a refund.
INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS
Earthwatch scientists, their staff, their colleagues, and their
associates are prohibited from becoming romantically involved
with participants during the entire duration of the period that the
team is in the field. Romantic relationships that may otherwise
seem permissible may eventually create an unpleasant or
unproductive work environment and are therefore prohibited
for the duration of an Earthwatch project.
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
Please recognize that the relationship that exists between
Earthwatch scientists and staff and participants is analogous
to the student-teacher relationship. Therefore, please be
aware of the following policies.
Sexual harassment of participants by the Earthwatch scientist
or Earthwatch staff is prohibited. Likewise, sexual harassment
of other participants, Earthwatch field staff, or local people
by participants is also prohibited.
Sexual harassment infringes on an individual’s right to an
environment free from unsolicited and unwelcome sexual
overtones of conduct either verbal or physical. Sexual
harassment does not mean occasional compliments of
a socially acceptable nature.
Sexual harassment refers to conduct which is offensive,
which harms morale, or which interferes with the effectiveness
of Earthwatch expedition teams; such conduct is prohibited.
Lewd or vulgar remarks, suggestive comments, displaying
derogatory posters, cartoons, or drawings, pressure for dates
or sexual favors, and unacceptable physical contact or exposure
are examples of what can constitute harassment. No one should
be touched in areas that would be covered by a bathing suit. It
is important to realize that what may not be offensive to you
may be offensive to participants, the local population, or
Earthwatch field staff.
Any individual who feels subjected to sexual harassment or
has any knowledge of such behavior should report it at once to the
Earthwatch scientist, Field Team Leader, or other Earthwatch
staff member. The Earthwatch scientist or Field Team Leader
will notify Earthwatch when an accusation of sexual harassment
or abuse is made or when such conduct is witnessed.
All reports of sexual harassment will be handled with discretion
and will be promptly and thoroughly investigated. Any participant
who is found to have engaged in conduct constituting sexual
harassment will be removed from the expedition at his or her
own expense. If a minor is involved in allegations of sexual
harassment, his or her parents or guardians will be contacted.
DRUGS
Laws on drug use in most countries are severe and may impose
lengthy prison terms or the death penalty. The manufacture,
possession, use, purchase, or sale of illegal drugs or other
illegal substances while on an Earthwatch expedition is strictly
prohibited. Prescription drugs may only be purchased and used
by the individual indicated on the prescription in keeping with
their intended use guidelines.
ALCOHOL
Local statutes, customs, practices, ordinances, and regulations
with regard to the use, possession, sale, or purchase of alcohol
are applicable to all participants and project staff on Earthwatch
expeditions. Participants and project staff on Earthwatch
expeditions must comply with the law of the country in which a
project is located regarding the minimum age required to consume
alcohol. In addition, restriction on the use, possession, sale, or
purchase of alcohol may be set by the Earthwatch scientist. Any
restrictions on the consumption of alcohol should be clearly
outlined by the project staff in the on-site briefing to participants
at the start of the project and in the expedition briefing.
23
Consumption or possession of alcohol or smoking is not permitted
on any Earthwatch Teen Team, regardless of local law.
Earthwatch staff and the Earthwatch scientist have the discretion
to remove individuals from the project who consume alcohol in
a time and manner that endanger the safety and/or productivity
of the expedition.
developed teams specifically for 15-, 16- and 17-year-olds
(“Teen Teams”) as well as teams specifically for families (“Family
Teams”) with children as young as 10 years. These teams focus
on the same research activities and have the same expectations
as our regular teams, but with more facilitation and support.
Exceptions for some projects may be made at the discretion
of Earthwatch and the Earthwatch scientist. Due to a more
in-depth screening process for certain programs that select
candidates based on school year rather than age, there may be
18-year-olds fielding on the same team as 15-, 16- and 17-yearolds. Please be aware that some Earthwatch projects do not
allow participation by minors in any circumstance.
MINORS
PARTICIPANTS AND DRIVING
Earthwatch considers participants less than eighteen (18) years
of age to be minors. Minors are not permitted to participate
on any of Earthwatch’s standard teams unless accompanied
by a parent or legal guardian, in which case the minimum age
is fifteen (15). Guardians accompanying minors on standard
teams must be 21 years of age or over. Minors on standard
teams do not receive additional guidance or supervision from
Earthwatch beyond what is offered to the adult participants.
The total number of minors on standard teams may be limited
on a project by project basis; this will be noted in the expedition
briefing. A maximum of two minors may accompany each parent
or guardian on a standard or Family Team. Earthwatch has
Participants are not allowed to drive project vehicles
(including motorcycles or all terrain vehicles) or aircraft
during an expedition. In select circumstances, participants may
be able to drive boats under the direct supervision by project
staff. These circumstances are predetermined by project staff
in collaboration with Earthwatch. Participants must respect
the restrictions for boat driving in place for each project.
Excessive consumption of alcohol by staff or participants is
not acceptable on any Earthwatch project. Intoxication can
jeopardize personal safety, in addition to the safety of the team.
It can also cause delay and hinder response in the event of
a crisis or emergency situation.
24
If a project environment is such that participants can drive
their own vehicles to the rendezvous, those who have driven
themselves to the project may not drive their own vehicles to,
from, or for project activities, including the transport of project
equipment after arriving at the site.
Participants who have driven themselves to the project may
choose to utilize their own vehicles during recreational time,
but project staff will brief them on any driving restrictions. All
driving during recreational time is done at your own risk.
Please be advised that the only exception to the above driving
restrictions is emergency situations.
Riding in other participants’ vehicles is not covered under the
participants’ insurance policy for the expedition. Riding in
another participant’s vehicle is done at a participant’s own risk.
IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY
In the event of emergencies, judgments must be made by
Earthwatch field staff and participants. While Earthwatch makes
an effort to ensure that qualified people make the most informed
decisions possible, occasionally first aid may be administered
and other immediate steps taken by expedition participants who
are not licensed medical providers.
Each Earthwatch expedition has safety protocols and
emergency procedures in place. Earthwatch encourages team
members (the field staff and participants) to exercise their best
judgment with regard to their own safety and the safety of other
team members. Other participants may perform “Good
Samaritan” actions, or actions taken to assist fellow participants
during emergency situations in the field. However, Earthwatch
does not encourage or expect you to jeopardize your own safety
or that of others in attempting to rescue or assist your fellow
team members.
RIGHT OF REFUSAL
Earthwatch reserves the right to refuse an applicant’s
participation in an Earthwatch project at any time and to
terminate any work being done by a participant and require the
participant to vacate the project site if the Earthwatch scientist,
Field Team Leader, or other Earthwatch staff member in his
or her absolute discretion considers it appropriate. In this
event, the participant (and his or her parents or guardians,
if appropriate) will be responsible for arranging and paying
for any accommodation, travel, or other arrangements which
may be necessary following the termination of a participant’s
involvement in a project, for whatever reason, and will not be
eligible for a refund.
Earthwatch may not refuse an applicant’s participation in a
project for discriminatory reasons (race, religion, ethnicity,
national origin, gender, sexual orientation, or any other reason
prohibited by applicable law). However, an application may be
denied in the interest of team compatibility or due to logistical
limitations. Earthwatch will make reasonable efforts to
accommodate participants with disabilities, and the organization
endeavors to find appropriate expeditions for those participants
who have physical limitations. Refusal of an applicant is an
unusual event and is generally done either because of an
applicant’s failure to meet the essential eligibility requirements
of a particular project or in the interest of team compatibility.
In the event that an applicant is refused participation for health
reasons, Earthwatch will refund in full any deposit or payment
made toward the expedition.
Earthwatch scientists have the right to refuse special requests,
such as visits by media (film, photography, or print), special
groups, or teams (students, donors, etc.), if they conflict with
Earthwatch scientist schedules, safety, research objectives,
or general performance of the team.
Any participant found in violation of any of the policies described
in this document (“Participant Rights and Responsibilities”) is
subject to removal from the team at his or her own expense.
By signing the Liability Release section of your Earthwatch
Participation Form, you are indicating that you have read
and understand the policies in this document. Removal of a
participant from a team is at the discretion of the Earthwatch
scientist, Field Team Leader, or other Earthwatch staff. In
addition, Earthwatch will support the right of the Earthwatch
scientist, Field Team Leader, or other Earthwatch staff to send
a participant away from a project once in the field should his
or her behavior compromise the safety, research objectives,
or general performance of the team, or if the participant has
violated a stated policy. In the event that a minor is dismissed
from a project, Earthwatch will contact the participant’s parents
or guardians prior to his or her dismissal. Should a participant
be removed from a team, he or she is responsible for any and all
costs associated with departure from the team and will receive
neither refund of the minimum contribution for the expedition
nor any expenses incurred by participation on the expedition.
(November 2012)
25
CODING AND INTERPRETING
PANDA BEHAVIOR
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you to yoou ur tbo ehavioral research rogram at t he CCRGP’s Bifengxia anda bBehavior. ase. In Introduction o elcoming he introduce Behavioral Research the next few pages, we’ll introduce you to the ethogram we use to record and categorize giant panda behavior. An ethogram is tao cw
atalog of the behaviors of a particular species. It gives esearchers lear, unbiased ay oIf We look forward elcoming you to our behavioral research program at trhe CCRGP’s aB cifengxia Panda Bwase. n recording tf hey bserve. you’ll se o rgrecord ecord anda behavior has pbarts: the ext fforward ew the pis ages, welcoming e’ll o
introduce ou tTo he e uuse ttIo nd ategorize giant pthree anda An elnook thogram ab tehaviors co atalog the yobou ehaviors f eathogram epthogram articular swpecies. t ives a cBlear, unbiased wehavior. oaf lIist We w
tyo our bothe ehavioral research program art esearchers taphe CcCRGP’s ifengxia Panda Bay ase. n of behavioral awlong w
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pou art f this thnogram s included elow; efore you jaoin s in the field, lease read t acnd become in red ytext. Once ou a rrive, ou’ll laearn xactly how to use these w
codes and record data during panda observations. are familiar with the ycodes nd tehe behaviors associated ith them. The behaviors you’ll see m
ost commonly in red text. Once you arrive, you’ll learn exactly how to use these codes and record data during panda observations. Behavior Codes and Definitions Behavior Codes and Definitions 动物不在观察视
0
not a
visible
Behavior Codes nd Definitions 线内
动物不在观察视
Once you arrive, Cyodes ou’ll learn exactly how to use these codes and record data during panda observations. Behavior and Definitions 26
0
1a
0
1a
0 1b
1a
1b
not visible
feed on bamboo
not visible
feed
feed on
on bamboo
provided
not visible
food
feed
feed on
on provided
bamboo
Forage
on bamboo
food
feed on
on provided
bamboo
feed
Forage on bamboo
feed onfood
provided
Forage other
Foragefood
on bamboo
Forage other
Forage on bamboo
Forage enrichment
Forage other
Forage enrichment
Forage other
Forage
enrichment
Feed on
enrichment
线内
吃竹
吃竹
吃人工配制的食
线内
物
线内
吃竹
吃生长在兽舍内
物
吃竹
的竹子
物
的竹子
物
的其他植物
的竹子
吃环境丰富度食
的其他植物
的竹子
品
的其他植物
以丰富度食物为
品
的其他植物
食
品
食
舔地
品
1a
1c
1b
1c
1b
1d
1c
1d
1c
1E
1d
1E
1d
E1b
1E
E1b
1E
1f
E1b
1f
E1b
1fFS
FS
1f
Feed
on enrichment
enrichment
Forage
lick ground
Feed on enrichment
lick ground
Feed on enrichment
Foodground
search
lick
Food ground
search
lick
FS
Food search
寻食
FS
Food search
寻食
食
舔地
食
寻食
舔地
寻食
舔地
Out of viewing Out of viewing feed on bamboo provided by keepers Out of viewing feed o
n b
amboo provided by keepers feed on provided ood except bamboo Out of vfiewing feed except amboo feed oon n pbrovided amboo pfood rovided by kbeepers feed n amboo rovided by kbeepers feed except amboo feed oo
on n pb
brovided amboo p
gfood rowing in the enclosure feed rovided food except feed oo
n n bp
amboo growing in the beamboo nclosure feed on other plants growing in the enclosure in itn feed on bamboo growing he enclosure feed on other plants growing the enclosure feed enrichment uch as ice,hay food feed on obn amboo growing in tshe enclosure feed on other plants growing in the enclosure feed on enrichment food such as ice,hay feed on other plants growing in the enclosure feed oon n perovided nrichment such s ice,hay food feed food such as aapple or carrot feed enrichment as ice,hay feed on opn rovided food fsood uch sauch s apple or carrot lick the ground especially where the food has often bseen feed on gpround rovided food uch alaced s apple r carrot lick the especially wphere the ofood has any a
ctivity t
o s
earch f
or f
ood, f
or e
xample often been placed feed on provided food such as apple or carrot lick t
he g
round e
specially w
here the food has walking slowly nd smelling, climbing the cage any activity to saearch for food, for example often b
een p
laced lick t
he g
round e
specially w
here t
he f
ood h
as bar o
r s
tanding o
n h
ind l
egs t
o s
earch f
or f
ood walking slowly and smelling, climbing the cage any activity toften o search for food, for example een placed bar or standing on hbind legs to search for food walking slowly smelling, climbing the cage any activity to asnd earch for food, or Giant
example in China 2014
On
the
Trailfof
Pandas
bar o
r s
tanding o
n h
ind l
egs t
o s
earch f
or f
ood walking slowly and smelling, climbing the cage bar or standing on hind legs to search for food 2
走动
locomote
stereotypical
3
机械走动
pacing
quasi stereotypic
3b
pacing
类机械走动
4
climb
攀爬
5
5a
5b
5c
stereotypic
机械行为
behavior
直立旋转
pirouette
摇头
head toss
bizarre limb
movement
奇
的前肢运动
walk back and forth in different directions within a short distance, or continue to move by non-‐stereotypic pacing Ins and Outs, or repeatedly maintain a certain cyclic walk. Must go the same route at least three times .If there is interference, it is still considered as the same action. To stop walking and looking around is also regarded as one part of this action Animals do not go three times or more times necessarily along the same route, and the walking patterns appear in a predictable manner. In one route, it may change. A good test principle is that if there grass in the way, animals will keep the same route? move vertically upward or downward such as climbing the cage bar and tree be engaged in unchanged and repetitive movements without obvious purpose and function, they have obvious individual characteristics. To stand on rotating with at least 90 degrees To shake the head forward suddenly or move to one side during walking (especially around the corner) Didn’t observe this behavior 5g
Weave
波浪式运动
5h
Sway
摇摆
Bite repeatly oneself with a stereotypic manner (not for decoration) seems to be tumbling with head towards ground, but did not complete action; it often appear in the stereotypic moving . But it may also be a full tumbling action. Animal repeat masturbation with a fixed posture in a long period of time(may be by hand or by mouth) The first part of body fluctuates constantly, which like a fish swimming Shake head left and right 5i
tongue flick
舌头摆动
tongues flick repeatedly (not for cleaning) 5d
5e
5f
self-biting
truncated
somersault
stereotypical
masturbation
自
翻筋斗
自慰
5k
sit-up
5m
paw suck
5o
cage climb
5p
stereotypical
regurgitation
仰
起坐
吸手掌
爬兽舍栏杆
机械反刍
lying on the ground and upper body sits (which may be repeated several times).This behavior must occur in the process of stereo moving around Repeatedly lick the palm or toes (not for cleaning) stand on and do the climbing action as if attempting to escape spit food and ruminate (normally 2 to 4 times per minute) 6
Decorate
修饰
Comfortable behaviors 6a
scratch
抓痒
Scratch body part 6b
Rub itch
痒
Rub repeatly against objects with a small part of the body 6c
"dirt"bathe
尘浴
animal rolls on the ground with the body rubbing ground, may pat the dust off the body 6d
licks vulva
6f
licks nipple
乳头
6g
licks or bite
或
6h
lick or bite front
to lick their private parts including sphere of darkness around the private parts 或
paw
7a
Play
PR
Play run
JU
Jump
自己的手
to lick nipples to lick or bite oneself to keep clean To lick or bite paw not because of fun 掌
玩
玩
性奔
跳跃
SS
Somersault
翻筋斗
HS
head stand
头立
RO
Roll
翻
SB
Self-biting
自
activity without obvious intention ,like turning a somersault or gamboling to run fast in a playful way to skip in a playful way, may curl one's body at the same time to roll completely on the ground with head hitting the ground and then turning over one's body to stand upside down with possibility that the hind leg go above the ground or that hind leg on the ground huddling with the body to roll over and over to bite oneself in playing , but not steretypical behavior 悬吊或摇摆
vertical climb using one or two paws to suspend oneself HA
hang/dangle
7b
object interact
玩
物体
to play with objects 7b-b
play bamboo
玩
竹子
to drag or pull bamboo E7b
play enrichment
环境丰富度
to drag or pull objects within environmental enrichment INO
invest object
MAN
manipulates object
PAW
paw hit object
掌击物体
To push or beat or turn objects over HPO
head push object
头推物体
To push object to move it BO
bite object
TO
throws object
ROO
roll object
SO
shake object
摇物体
to swing object evidently in the mouth JUO
jump with object
带物跳高
to jump with object 带物移动
to move with object in the mouth or palm 带物奔
to rush with object in the mouth or palm LWO
locomate with
object
玩
物体
物品探究
玩
物品
物体
扔物体
翻
物体
nose approaching the object with less than 7.6cm to scent or lick to lift objects up or turn it over or grab at it or other behaviors like human playing to bite object to throw off object by palm or mouth at least 0.3m Lift object to roll or roll above object or on the ground PRO
run with object
PUR
pursue object
追逐物体
to push object forward and then chase for at least 2 m HAO
hang with object
带物悬挂
hanging on something with object in the paw or mouth 7c
water play
戏水
play with water WSP
water splash
击水
to splash in water with paw or hind legs WRO
water roll
7d
social play
I7d
R7d
initiates social
play
responds with
social play
to roll in water 水
社会游戏
游戏
始
游戏回应
to play with occupants no aggression and no function between each other beginning of the game other individuals begin to respond to the game T7d
terminate social
play
游戏结束
one ends the game climb onto another panda with at least 3 palms on his body CLP
climb panda
攀爬大熊猫
SRO
social roll
游戏个体间翻
RI
invitation
游戏邀请
The inviter with head touching the ground to invite other individuals to participate in the game RU
Upright
直立
The panda stands upright with hind legs to approach other individuals TA
tackle/ push
推
HB
head butt
头撞
PS
Paw swat
掌击
Roll each other around The panda tries to use his fore limb, head or shoulder to push his partner ,to make it lose balance The panda gets close to one of his partners and uses his forehead to bump his partner quickly, trying to make it lose balance. The panda uses his palm to hit or push his partner in a short time When the pandas play with each other ,one of them bites another ,but it does not feel the pain BT
bite
NBH
neck bite
颈
The panda bites the other panda's neck lasting over 3 seconds SH
shake head
摇头
When BT or NBH, it shakes his head obviously ,at the same time ,holding another panda's fur TWR
twists and rolls
HLC
hind-leg claw
MF
mouth fencing
嘴攻
Using its mouth to bite his partner or threaten him. CH
chase
追逐
Chasing each other for the length of at least three adult body FL
flee
逃避
To avoid the counterpart ,run away quickly 曲和
后
动
抓
To get rid of NBH ,it will twist and roll To get rid of NBH, it lifts its hind leg and scratch his partner's forehead alternately 7f
sexual play
性游戏
Suppose the game is among young individuals, it's lack of yelling or real sexual behavior
Mounts爬 in which the genital areas are brought into contact or near contact. May grab the partner's scruff颈背 in the mouth and grasp the sides with the forepaws. MT
mount
爬跨
PT
pelvic thrust
插入
GS
vulva stimulation
生殖器刺激
Gentle licking and biting of the genital region.
8
rest
休息
No movement sitting or lying with eyes open or close Penis男性生殖器 is successful inserted into vagina
道. Record total time
9
Anogenital mark (substrate)
肛周腺标记
Rubs anogenital region (tail up) against object or substrate. Note (1) the substrate (a, b, c, etc.) (2) whether accompanied by urination by placing a “-‐10” after the scent mark code 9a
squat
蹲式标记
In squatting posture. 9b
Leg cock
9c
Reverse
倒退标记
9d
hand stand
倒立标记
10
urinates
小便
侧抬
标记
With one hind leg raised and paw placed against a vertical surface; posture is that of a dog cocking its leg, with the paw placed at least as high as the hip joint, often higher than any other portion of the body. Panda’s body (head to tail) is relatively parallel to the marking surface, unlike reverse where the panda is perpendicular to the marking surface.
Backs into a vertical surface before marking. Body is generally perpendicular to the marking surface. (Occasionally pandas will lift one foot while in the reverse posture, but 9c should still be recorded). Elevates hind quarters vertically, hands support weight in an upside down posture fairly parallel to the vertical marking surface; both hind feet must leave the ground. Often bounces and urinates, and virtually never actually rubs the gland on the surface. Note whether anogenital contact is made with the surface (NC=No Contact, C=Contact).
Passing of urine. 10-3L
3-‐legged urination
三脚站立小便
11
body rub
身体摩擦
12
14
olfactory
investigation
defecate
嗅闻
排便
17a
stationary alert
警觉
17c
water contact
接触水
17d
bipedal(substrate/
context)
只站立
17e
head towards door
头向
17e-1
food-direct mild
强度1
17e-2
food-direct high
强度2
Stands in quadripedal position, but lifts one leg off the ground while urinating. May alternately raise one leg, then the other, while urinating. Often bounces while urinating, reminiscent of urination in 9d posture
Rubs areas of body (head, neck, chest) against structures or substrate, in a smooth, fluid motion. In contrast, when scratching (6b), the animal uses short, choppy movements in a more repetitive fashion. The animal generally rubs a large portion of its back, especially the neck and shoulders and sometimes the tail, against an object in a way that seems to be intended to impart scent onto the object or anoint the fur
Places nose close to (< 3 inches) the substrate and sniffs and/or appears attentive for > 1 sec. Note substrate. Sniffing of the air is not included in this definition. Note if the following occurs raises lips, exposing teeth and/or opens mouth noticeably while investigating scent, and inhales deeply. Any apparent flehmen or licks associated with feeding should not be scored. Passing of fecal matter. Standing with four legs ,or the panda sits down or lays down still, but keeps alert, at the same time ,the head moves from one side to the other ,smelling the air or noticing the provocation from the outside Sitting, standing or lying in the water quietly, but doesn't play with the water standing on the hind legs ,sometimes with the behavior of smelling or exploration Standing beside the door towards the feeder or the food Waiting beside the gate, sometimes resting, alerting , or scratching the door has a little rest but a lot of other behaviors 18
drink
饮水
in the state of drinking water 20
voice
叫声
some sounds made by pandas which we cannot identify
20a
20b
bleat
chirp or sex
squeal
咩叫
鸟叫
20c
bark
狗吠
20d
moan
呻吟
20e
growl
嗥叫
20f
honk
牛叫
20g
roar
咆哮
20h
chomp
咂嘴声
A twittering, goat-‐like call of variable length (1-‐3s). Contact call, appeasing, non-‐
aggressive, “friendly.” Short, tonal (free of distortion), high-‐pitched call rising and descending in pitch (i.e., frequency sonogram is chevron shaped, like an upside down U). Context 1: Most common during peak estrus. Friendly, promotes social proximity. Context 2: Several subadult males in Wolong will chirp, or more commonly give a much louder version called a "yip," usually when they are highly aroused about being confined in a small space and/or when anticipating feeding time. This vocalization (yip) is a piercing call that hurts your ears if you are very close. Short, (0.1-‐0.3s), fairly noisy, similar to dog bark. Threat, causes withdraw by receiving animal. Low-‐pitched, low-‐to-‐medium amplitude, call of variable duration. Often has several short starting elements. Often grades with growls, barks, chirps and bleats. Long, noisy, low-‐pitched growl similar to a dog’s. Very aggressive, often accompanies or precedes fighting. Only used by attacking animal. Short (< 0.5s), tonal, low-‐pitched, nasal call, falling in pitch. Almost always produced repetitively in a series, generally lasting for several minutes. Often used when apparently stressed, frustrated, or otherwise uncomfortable Very loud, intense, harsh (highest level threat).
Rare.
Alternate rapid opening and closing mouth, with teeth coming hard together. Defensive, e.g., when the female avoids the male’s approach. Mild threat. Often precedes or follows moans. 20i
huff
呼气
20j
snort
喷鼻
20k
antagonistic
squeal
20w
whimper
20x
Manipulation voice
长声尖叫
呜咽
自慰叫
Audible exaggerated expulsion of air through open mouth (anxious, mild threat). Some huffs also include a vocal component. Most often observed in response to close proximity to humans
More intense, explosive expulsion of air through nose (threat, apprehension), similar to a deer snort. Short, high-‐pitched, open-‐mouthed call. Often used by subordinate animal in a fight or in response to pain. High-‐to-‐medium pitched tonal vocalization. Usually of short duration (<1 sec) and m ay be repeated several times. This is the dominant vocalization heard from 4 + month old cubs, and not heard beyond the age of 2.
The sound from manipulation Tail rises high enough to uncover 21
Tail up
22
foot scrape
23
vulva manipulation
抬尾
地
自慰
24
backwards walking
后退行走
26
lordosis
俯伏
vaginal
道 opening. Often accompanied by bleating and chirping; used by females in estrus to indicate receptivity 感受性 to mating (part of lordosis posture). Rapid scraping of hind feet back and forth on substrate while standing in place; apparently an aggressive act. Often precedes urination in males, especially 10-‐3L. Length of scrape varies markedly from a few inches (generally females) to several feet (generally males). Any rubbing or grasping of genitalia 生殖器 with paws or with objects (e.g., bamboo). Animal walks backward for > 4 steps (i.e.,
one step is made with each foot). Often
female backs toward male and presents
anogenital（肛门与生殖器的） area. Often
accompanied by bleating and chirping. Note
if backwards walking occurs through water;
record as -W.
As in TU, but hindquarters 尾部 raised, and kneeling 跪下 on forelegs; head often on the ground. Some variation in exact form occasionally observed, especially when female is rubbing genitalia on an object. Animal lies on back and rolls and writhes
动 (context is not dirt bathing). 27
rolling
28
digging
29
chewing
咀嚼
to chew wood or other fixed objects 30
scratch wood
抓木头
to scratch the fixed wood 翻
to dig the dust or loose ground 31
human oriented
受人影响的行为
32
Other behaviors
其他
close to the observer, standing with two legs or human-‐oriented movement not including the visitors passing by Any behavior which has not been defined 触觉性探究
exploring steady objects like a wall with their paws 用嘴探究
exploring steady objects with mouth TEX
OEX
tactile
exploration
oral exploration
SA
scent anoint
抹气味
OB
observe
观察
FOL
follow
跟随
Picks up moveable object w/ paws and rubs object over body; If the panda continues to rub scent over the body after the object is dropped, continue the SA bout. Panda can SA loose substrates (e.g. hay, pine shavings, loamex). Approaches cage door separating adjacent pen围栏 and looks into neighboring enclosure, regardless of whether occupant居住者 is visible or not. Only score in enclosures that have only a small mesh网丝 divider for viewing. following the other giant pandas, with the distance of three giant pandas size inches, with purpose and directions
TE
territorial
领域性行为
Panda foot scrapes while interacting with another panda. TE accompanied by any vocalization should be scored according to the appropriate category for that vocalization (e.g., N2), NOT TE. Do not record “22” if occurring during interaction. (Foot-‐scraping may or may not reflect “territorial” marking.) N1
non-contact
非接触攻击强度
Agitated激怒的. N2
C1
C2
SI
aggression level
1
non-contact
非接触攻击强度
aggression level 2
2
contact aggression
接触性攻击强度
level 1
1
contact aggression
接触性攻击强度
level 2
2
show interest
有
趣
Interaction which includes mild threats which are primarily defensive, connoting alarm, distress, apprehension, aversion. Vocalizations include huff, snort, chomp, and honk. Threatening. Interaction which includes moderate threat vocalizations: moan, bark, growl and roar. Actions may include paw swats重击 without contact and charge/lunge.
A non-‐sustained (i.e., less than 5 seconds) aggressive interaction of moderate intensity, including actions such as paw swat, bite, grab, and dominance mount. “Moderate intensity” is defined as aggressive acts which have low potential for inflicting serious injury, e.g., drawing blood. Generally accompanied by vocalizations discussed in N2. Sustained aggression, including vigorous and potentially injurious physical contact (fighting, attacking), such as bite, grab, paw swat, wrestle, chase with contact. Intensity of aggression is high, as indicated by injury, duration, or vocalizations such as roar and squeal.
Animal appears "eager" to interact with the other panda, as suggested by pushing and pulling at fence separating the pandas, sniffing at the other panda, pacing back and forth in close proximity to the other panda, or circling the other panda with attention clearly focused on the other panda. Also includes scent-‐marking标记 “at” another panda, i.e., on or near cage bars and < 0.5 BL from the other panda. If panda is clearly sniffing cage bars, not the panda on the other side (e.g., the panda is 1 BL away), do not record SI. Score SI when no vocalization has occurred and behavior is clearly not neutral. SI accompanied by any vocalization should be scored according to the appropriate category for that vocalization (e.g., AF), NOT SI! AF
affiliative
友好
SX
sexual
性行为
IG
ignore/netral
不理或保持中
立的态度
AM
contradict
矛盾
RT
retreat
后退
AP
approach
接近
Panda is bleating or chirping at other panda without rear present, TU or rear present. Animal approaches or attempts to interact in a “friendly” manner, as evinced by vocalizations such as bleat, sex squeal尖叫, chirp. Animal interacts in a proceptive or receptive manner, i.e., attempting to engage in courtship or sexual interaction. Activities include rear present (while standing quadrupedally, female presents rear end to the male) with tail down or tail up, and lordosis for the female; and sexual mount, anogenital inspection, and gentle nudging and pawing the female's anogenital area by the male. Generally accompanied by one or more of the vocalizations described in AF. Note that vocalizations alone cannot be used to distinguish Sexual from Affiliative behaviors, but must be interpreted in the light of the context and other behavioral acts. SX takes priority over other behaviors. For example, if a male bleats while anogenital investigating, score SX only, not AF, SX. Panda ignores, shows minimal overt response or simply observes the other panda in response to proximity/behavior of another panda. Should be scored when in proximity for more than 5 sec. and none of the behaviors described in other categories occur. If focal NE at beep, score the individual behavior of the focal (e.g., 1a). display N1,N2,C1,or AF are with a contradictory state
giant pandas are compelled to increase the distance with the other pandas
Panda moves to < 2 body lengths from other panda, and remains at < 2 BL for > 5 secs. That is, do not score “walk-‐bys” as an approach OR an interaction. An interaction sequence always begins with an approach DP
depart
COP
compete place
ST
steal
离
争位置
unless the pandas are already within 2 BL at the start of the observation session. Panda moves to > 2 body lengths from other panda. A departure always ends an interaction sequence. Note: if panda "departs" for less than 10 seconds and then "re-‐approaches" the other panda, a depart is not scored and the interaction continues. giant panda push against others, without a purpose for playing obviously pushing others out of their position
giant panda scratches the object from others with the palm or mouth and try to take it away
If you have questions as you prepare for your expedition, contact the appropriate Earthwatch office:
E a r th wa tch A u str a l i a
E a r th wa tch Ja p a n
E a r th wa tch U.K .
E a r th wa tch U.S .
T: +61-0-3-9016-7590 T: +81 (0) 3-3511-3360
T: +44 (0) 1865-318-831
T: +1 800-776-0188
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[email protected]
[email protected]
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COMMUNICATIONS
CONTACT INFORMATION
EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS
There is mobile signal across most of the project site. Each group
will always have an Earthwatch scientist or project coordinator
with them who will carry a phone and be able to contact the
emergency services should this be required. Lydia Zhou, who will
be coordinating the group, can be contacted at +86 15208311669
in case of an emergency.
The 24-hour duty officer number at Earthwatch in the U.S. is
+1 (978) 461-0081 or +1 (800) 776-0188 (see the box for
calling instructions).
HOTLINE (OUTSIDE AUSTRALIA)
Call Earthwatch’s 24-hour on-call duty officer in the U.S.:
+1 (978) 461-0081
+1 (800) 776-0188 (toll-free for calls placed from within the U.S.)
HEALIX INTERNATIONAL:
+44-20-3667-8991 (collect calls and reverse charges accepted)
PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
Internet is available in the hotel, and mobile signals are very
good. Most guests use mobile phones to send emails or contact
their families.
Personal communication with outsiders is not always possible
while participating in an expedition. Earthwatch encourages
volunteers to minimize outgoing calls and immerse themselves
in the experience; likewise, family and friends should restrict
calls to urgent messages only.
VOLUNTEER CONTACT INFO
U.S. TOLL FREE: +1-877-759 3917
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EMAIL: [email protected]
HOTLINE (WITHIN AUSTRALIA):
+61-0-3-8508-5537
After business hours, leave a message with our live
answering service. State that you have an emergency
and give the name of your expedition, your name, the
location from which you are calling, and if possible, a
phone number where you can be reached. An Earthwatch
staff person will respond to your call within one hour.
with any questions.
28
39
MESSAGE FROM
EARTHWATCH
DEAR EARTHWATCHER,
Thank you for joining this expedition! We greatly appreciate your decision to contribute to hands-on environmental
science and conservation.
As an Earthwatch volunteer, you have the opportunity to create positive change. And while you’re out in the field working
toward that change, we are committed to caring for your safety. Although risk is an inherent part of the environments
in which we work, we’ve been providing volunteer field experiences with careful risk management and diligent planning
for over 40 years. You’re in good hands.
We hope this expedition will inspire you to get more involved in conservation and sustainable development priorities—
not just out in the field, but also when you return home. We encourage you to share your experiences with others, and
to transfer your skills and enthusiasm to environmental conservation efforts in your workplace, community, and home.
If you have questions as you prepare for your expedition, contact your Earthwatch office. Thank you for your support,
and enjoy your expedition!
Sincerely,
Larry Mason
President and CEO
Earthwatch U.S.
114 Western Ave.
Boston, MA 02134
United States
[email protected]
earthwatch.org
Phone: 1-978-461-0081
Toll-Free: 1-800-776-0188
Fax: 1-978-461-2332
Earthwatch Europe
Mayfield House
256 Banbury Rd.
Oxford, OX2 7DE
United Kingdom
Earthwatch Australia
126 Bank St.
South Melbourne,
VIC 3205
Australia
Earthwatch Japan
Food Science Bldg. 4F
The University of Tokyo
1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku
Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
[email protected]
earthwatch.org
[email protected]
earthwatch.org
[email protected]
earthwatch.org
Phone: 44-0-1865-318-838
Fax: 44-0-1865-311-383
Phone: 61-0-3-9016-7590
Fax: 61-0-3-9686-3652
Phone: 81-0-3-6686-0300
Fax: 81-0-3-6686-0477

On the Trail of Giant Pandas in China

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