Passenger Ship Design Criteria, Functions and Features

Passenger Ship Design Criteria, Functions and Features

Passenger Ship Design Criteria,
Functions and Features
Aalto University - Otaniemi
October 7, 2015
Olli Jantunen
Table of Contents
2
• Shipbuilding framework – background info
• Shipbuilding in Finland
• Cruise ship builders in Europe
• Cruise ship design
• Passenger Ship Functions & Features
• Concept Design
• Design Drivers
• Passenger Ship Technical Functions
• Viking Grace – Design and Building Process
• Mein Schiff series of Vessels
• Cruise Ship Economics
OMJ 7.10.2015
Shipbuilding Framework, background info
Olli Jantunen
4
• Born in Helsinki, childhood and youth in Tapiola Espoo
• yo 1980 Tapiolan Lukio
• University of technology , MSc 1986
• Laivojen yleisuunnittelu ja Koneistot laivasuunnittelussa
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
R&D engineer, 1986, Rauma-Repola Oy, Helsinki
Naval Architect, 1988-1992, Rauma-Repola Oy, Rauma
Manager of interior department, 1993-1994, Finnyards Oy, Rauma
Naval Architect, 1995-1998, Masa-Yards, Turku Shipyard
Marketing manager, 2000 Deltamarin
Sales Manager, 2001-2002 KMY Turku Shipyard
New Building Project Manager, 1998-1999, 2003-2008
• Hapag Lloyd Europa, Color Fantasy, Color Magic, Color Superspeed I ja II
• SVP Sales, 2009-2010 STX Finland
• Head of Naval Architecture, 2011 - 2015 August, Meyer Turku Oy
• Head of Sales and Design, 2015 September
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Work at the Shipyard
5
• Challenging - responsibility
• Socially inspiring with many different
nationalities as customers - fun
• Not a single working day that would be
similar
• A lot of travelling
• Work with highly professional team
• Products you can really be proud of
Why Turku ?
• Reasonably priced apartments, 50 % of
Helsinki prices
• Worlds most beautiful archipelago with
55.000 islands
• No traffic rush hours
• All the same services as in Helsinki
• Only 1,5 hours to Helsinki
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Team Alignment
27.9.2011 | Page 6
6
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Shipbuilding in Finland
Shipyards in Finland
8
Turku
World leading builder of the most advanced cruise
ships. Owned by 100 % Meyer Werft since spring
2015
Helsinki Arctech
Owned by OSK (Russian State)
Rauma Shipyard - RMC
Most likely some yard activity raising up but the
extent and volume is unclear. Some Finnish
investors involved.
OMJ 7.10.2015
Passenger Ships Built or On Order (after 1960)
Cruise Ships
Paradise
70 400 GT, 1998
Athena
40 000 GT, 1989
Turella
10 600 GT, 1979
Finnjet
24 600 GT, 1977
Kazakshtan
16 600 GT, 1976
Azerbaydzhan
16 600 GT, 1975
Gruziya
16 600 GT, 1975
Belorussiya
16 600 GT, 1975
Prinsessan Birgitta
8750 GT, 1974
Royal Viking Sea
21 900 GT, 1973
Royal Viking Sky
21 900 GT, 1973
Bore I
8500 GT, 1973
Cinderella
46 400 GT, 1989
Delfin Clipper
6 070 GT, 1989
Royal Viking Sun
37 800 GT, 1988
Seaward
42 300 GT, 1988
Kronprins Harald
31 100 GT, 1987
Olympia
37 600 GT, 1986
Birka Princess
21 500 GT, 1986
Wellamo
33 800 GT, 1986
Mariella
37 800 GT, 1985
Sun Viking
18 600 GT, 1972
Svea
33 800 GT, 1985
Royal Viking Star
21 800 GT, 1972
Sea Goddess II
4260 GT, 1985
Nordic Prince
18 400 GT, 1971
Royal Princess
44 350 GT, 1985
Song of Norway
18 400 GT, 1970
Sea Goddess I
4250 GT, 1984
Floria
4050 GT, 1970
Boheme
10 300 GT, 1968
Botnia
3440 GT, 1967
Finlandia
8170 GT, 1967
Finnpartner
7460 GT, 1966
Prins Hamlet
8690 GT, 1966
Finnhansa
7480 GT, 1966
Ilmatar
5100 GT, 1964
Nordia
3630 GT, 1962
Skandia
3590 GT, 1961
Voyager of the Seas
137 300 GT, 1999
Europa
28 400 GT, 1999
Ferries
Al-Mansur
7360 GT, 1982
Song of America
37 600 GT, 1982
Travemünde
9100 GT, 1981
Superfast IV
30 000 GT, 1998
Elation
70 400 GT, 1998
Superfast III
30 000 GT, 1998
Enchantment of the Seas
74 000 GT, 1997
Grandeur of the Seas
74 000 GT, 1996
Aida
38 600 GT, 1996
Inspiration
70 400 GT, 1996
Imagination
70 400 GT, 1995
Galaxy
48 900 GT, 2006
Freedom of the Seas
154 000 GT, 2006
Color Fantasy
74 600 GT, 2004
Birka Paradise
34 700 GT, 2004
Viktoria I
41 000 GT, 2004
Carnival Miracle
85 700 GT, 2003
Mariner of the Seas
137 300 GT, 2003
Fascination
70 400 GT, 1994
Juan J. Sister
22 000 GT, 1993
Sensation
70 400 GT, 1993
Normandie
27 000 GT, 1992
Royal Majesty
32 000 GT, 1992
Radisson Diamond
20 300 GT, 1992
Barfleur
20 000 GT, 1993
Silja Symphony
58 400 GT, 1991
Navigator of the Seas
137 300 GT, 2002
Hamnavoe
8 800 GT, 2002
Hrossey
12 000 GT, 2002
Hjaltland
12 000 GT, 2002
Oasis of the Seas
225 000 GT, 2009
Romantika
40 800 GT, 2002
Armorique
28 500 GT, 2008
Carnival Pride
85 700 GT, 2001
Baltic Princess
48 900 GT, 2008
Seafrance Rodin
33 800 GT, 2001
Independence of the Seas
154 000 GT, 2008
Adventure of the Seas
137 300 GT, 2001
Ulysses
51 000 GT, 2001
Kalypso
40 100 GT, 1990
Explorer of the Seas
137 300 GT, 2000
Fantasy
70 400 GT, 1990
Costa Atlantica
85 700 GT, 2000
1990 . . .
Mein Schiff 7
111 500 GT, 2018
Baltic Queen
48 900 GT, 2009
Silja Serenade
58 400 GT, 1990
Delfin Caravelle
7 560 GT, 1990
1960 . . . 1980 . . .
Mein Schiff 8
111 500 GT, 2019
Carnival Legend
85 700 GT, 2002
Finlandia
25 700 GT, 1981
Rosella
10 800 GT, 1980
COSTA NB 1
180 000 GT, 2019
Costa Mediterranea
85 700 GT, 2003
Crystal Symphony
50 000 GT, 1995
Ecstasy
70 400 GT, 1991
Viking Saga
13 900 GT, 1980
110 delivered
7 in orderbook
Liberty of the Seas
154 000 GT, 2007
Silvia Regina
25 700 GT, 1981
Viking Song
14 300 GT, 1980
9
Carnival Spirit
85 700 GT, 2001
2000 . . .
Superspeed 2
33 500 GT, 2008
Viking XPRS
34 300 GT, 2008
Superspeed 1
33 500 GT, 2008
Color Magic
74 600 GT, 2007
Mein Schiff 6
99 500 GT, 2017
Tallink Shuttle
49 000 GT, 2017
Mein Schiff 5
99 500 GT, 2016
Mein Schiff 4
99 500 GT, 2015
Mein Schiff 3
99 500 GT, 2014
Viking Grace
57 000 GT, 2012
Spirit of France
49 000 GT, 2011
Spirit of Britain
49 000 GT, 2010
Cotentin
22 000 GT, 2007
Star
35 700 GT, 2007
Allure of the Seas
225 000 GT, 2010
2010 . . .
COSTA NB 2
180 000 GT, 2020
2020 . . .
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Meyer Turku Orderbook
10
Name
Delivery
Owner
Cruise ship Mein Schiff 5
(NB-1389)
II / 2016
TUI Cruises
Cruise ship Mein Schiff 6
(NB-1390)
II / 2017
TUI Cruises
LNG powered Ferry
(NB-1391)
2017
Tallink Grupp
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10
Meyer Turku Orderbook
11
Name
Delivery
Owner
Cruise ship Mein Schiff 7
2018
TUI Cruises
Cruise ship Mein Schiff 8
2019
TUI Cruises
Cruise ship for Costa Crociere
2019
Carnival
Cruise ship for Costa Crociere
2020
Carnival
11
NB-1391 Tallink Data Sheet
Loa
Lpp
B mld
H main deck
T dwl
T max
DWT
GT abt.
212 m
192.6 m
30.6 m
9.9 m
6.95 m
7.1 m
5800 t
49000
12
Passengers
Crew
Trailer intake max abt.
Car intake D5+D6 abt.
2850 persons
150 persons
110 pcs
160 pcs
Car intake in Garage abt.
155 pcs
Bureau Veritas I + Hull, + Mach, Ro-Ro Passenger Ship - SRTP - DUALFUEL,
UNRESTRICTED NAVIGATION, INWATERSURVEY, MON-SHAFT,
CLEANSHIP, AUT UMS, SYS-IBS, SYS-NEQ-1, Finnish Ice class 1A
OMJ 7.10.2015
Key Figures and Milestones
MS3-6
Key Figures
Gross Tonnage
Length
Breadth
Draft
Service speed
Staterooms
LSA capacity
Passengers
Crew
13
MS7 & 8 – 111 kGT
99 500
293,50
35,80
8,05
21,3
1253
3 820
2 790
1 030
m
m
m
kn
persons
persons
persons
Schedule Milestones
Contract
Start of Production
Keel Laying
Launching
Delivery
September 2011
November 2012
May 2013
November 2013
Spring 2014
+1A1, Passenger Ship, F-M, LCS-DC, BIS,
TMON, CLEAN, FUEL (991 kg/m3)
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Shipyards Specialized in Cruise Vessels
Papenburg
Saint-Nazaire
14
Turku
Monfalcone
Marghera
Sestri
Ancona
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Cruise Ship Design
15
• Musts and wants
• Cruise Ship evolution
• Size development
• Panamax and Post Panama
• Space Ratio
• Bigger size - More Possibilities
• Panama Lock Expansion Plan
• Cruise Area distribution
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Cruise Ship Design - Musts and wants
Passenger
Expectation
16
WANTS
Unique Experience
Impressive Design
Special Attractions
Multiple Choices
Efficient and functional
Value for Money
MUSTS
Environmental
friendliness
Reliability
Safety
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
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Cruise Ship Design - Evolution
17
2009
Oasis of the Seas GT 225 000
2006
Freedom of the Seas GT 158 000
1999
Voyager of the Seas GT 137 300
1996
Grandeur of the Seas GT 74 000
Next:
Substantial ship size increase not
likely in next five years
Size window 100 – 160 kGT
More focus on performance
Energy efficiency
Less emissions
Multifunctional
1990
1990 Fantasy GT 70 400
and to increase overall safety over rules
1982
Song of America GT 37 600
1970
Song of Norway GT 18 400
Efficient design concepts to meet latest rules
Target to use the same technical
platform to gain savings
Balcony Staterooms number
maximized
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Cruise Ship Design - Size Development
18
Cruise Ships
250 000
Gross Tonnage
200 000
150 000
100 000
Panamax
50 000
0
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985 1990
Delivery
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
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19
Crude Oil Carriers Size Development
600 000
500 000
Deadweight [ ton ]
400 000
VLCC
300 000
200 000
SUEZmax
AFRAmax
100 000
0
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
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Container Vessels Size Development
20
15 000
Capacity [ TEU ]
12 000
World
Wide
9 000
6 000
3 000
Feeders
0
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
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Cruise Ship Design - Panamax and Post Panama
21
60
50
Cruise Ferry
Breadth [ m ]
40
Twin hull
30
Panamax
20
Max Balcony
Traditional
All Outside
10
Yacht
0
0
1 000
2 000
3 000
Passengers, D.O.
4 000
5 000
6 000
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Cruise Ship Design – Space Ratio
22
90
80
70
Space Ratio [ GT / D.O. ]
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 950 1 955 1 960 1 965 1 970 1 975 1 980 1 985 1 990 1 995 2 000 2 005 2 010 2 015 2 020 2 025
Delivery
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Bigger Size, More Possibilities !
Both ships have
equal volume per
passenger
(ca.120m³/p)
23
Viking Crown Lounge Wedding Chapel Park view staterooms
Private verandas Loft Suites Royal Suites Japanese Cuisine Wine bar Beach pool
Golf Course Vipeout Bar Windjammer Cafe Park Cafe Trattoria Art Gallery Solarium Bar
Two Flowriders Zip Line Video games CENTRAL PARK Upscale dining Pool bar Solarium Bistro
BOARDWALK Basket ball court Teens’ area Chops Grille H2O zone waterpark Seaview jacuzzis
Sunbathing spa Fountain lounges
Rising bar Sport pool
Seafood Shack Climbing walls
Tattoo parlor Carousel
Ice cream bar Sail Bar
Amphiteater at Sea
Adventure Ocean
Balance Gym
Arts&Science
Psychics
Show pool
Playground Candy store
Cafe
Lounge
Restaurant
Cinema
Pools
Casino
Johnny Rockets Hamburgers Aft Centrum ROYAL PROMENADE
Card Room Cafe Terrace Karaoke bar Latin bar VIP-lounge
Fitness Center
Three level
Main Dining
Library Barbers Shop Fashion shops Pizzeria Jogging track Wellness Center
Fwd Centrum
Saunas & baths
Concierge's Lounge
Jewellery English Pub Night Club
Main
Show
Lounge
Hair
Salon
Dazzle Jazz Club Photo Gallery &shop Comedy Club
Sun deck
Conference
Center
Schooner bar Casino Studio-B Jazz Club
Business Services
Museum of Gaming Ice skating
Shops
Theater
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Cruise Ship Design - Panama Lock Expansion Plan
24
ACP Project Schedule for New Locks
• Referendum vote
2006
• Start construction
2007
• Completed
2016
Present locks
• Chamber Length
• Max vessel LOA
• Max vessel B
• Max vessel T
305.0 m
294.0 m
32.2 m
12.0 m
New locks
• Chamber Length
• Max vessel LOA
• Max vessel B
• Max vessel T
427.0 m
366.0 m
49.0 m
15.2 m
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Cruise area distribution by pax capacity in 2008
25
400000
Antarctica
Arctica
350000
Asia
Western Europe
Indian Ocean
Africa
300000
Baltic
North Atlantic
Greenland, New England, etc
Panama
Mediterranean
Western Europe
200000
Baltic
Mediterranean
Alaska, North Pacific Coast
150000
Alaska
Pacific Ocean
Oceania
100000
South America
East Coast & Bermuda
50000
Caribbean
Caribbean
Out of operation
Not located / Unknown
51
49
47
45
43
41
39
37
35
33
31
29
27
25
23
21
19
17
15
13
11
9
7
5
3
0
1
Lower Beds
250000
Week
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Passenger Ship Functions
• Functions and space demands
• Cruise Ship Cabins
• Balcony Cabin Percentage
• Cabin Examples
• Cabin Arrangement &
Deckhouse
Functions and Space Demands
Hotel Function
70...75 %
27
Passenger
Facilities
Passenger Cabins
Public Spaces
Stairways and Halls
Outdoor Spaces
50 %
Crew
Facilities
Crew Cabins
Common Spaces
Service
Stairs and Corridors
10 %
Service
Facilities
Passenger Service
Catering Spaces
Hotel Services
10 %
Task Related
Facilities
Tender Boats
Stern Marina
Special Attractions
0…5 %
Comfort
System
Air Conditioning
Water and Sewage
Stores
10 %
Engine Rooms
Pump Rooms
Steering & Thrusters
10 %
Fuel & Lub. Oil
Water and Sewage
Ballast and Voids
10 %
Mooring
Crew
0…5 %
Machinery
Ship Function
25...30 %
Tanks,
Voids
Outdoor Decks
OMJ 7.10.2015
Cruise Ship Cabins
Inside Cabin
Area 14 m²
Standard 1970
Outside Cabin
with Window
Area 16 m²
28
Outside Cabin
with Balcony
Area 20 m²
Suite
Area 33 m²
Standard 2010
OMJ 7.10.2015
Cruise Ship Design – Balcony Cabin Percentage
29
100
90
80
Balcony Cabin %
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 970
1 975
1 980
1 985
1 990
1 995
2 000
Delivery
2 005
2 010
2 015
2 020
2 025
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Contemporary staterooms
30
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Two level loft suites
31
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Development of Cabin Arrangement and Deckhouse
Outside Cabins
Balcony Cabins
+
32
60 %
60 %
80 %
5%
20 %
70 %
Fantasy
Grandeur
of the Seas
Costa
Atlantica
OMJ 7.10.2015
Passenger Ship Functions and Features
General Arrangement & Venues:
• Food & Beverage
• Entertainment
• Provision & Food preparation
• Gallies and Pentries
• Food service
• Laundry
• Luggage handling
• Tendering
• Garbage handling
Typical Cruise Ship Venues Onboard
34
• Upper decks
◦ Sun deck, pools
◦ Lido/Windjammer Cafe
◦ Observation Lounge
• Cabin Decks
◦ Cabins with balconies
◦ Inside cabins
• Public Decks
◦ Dining Rooms
◦ Theatre
◦ Casino
◦ Shops, bars, restaurants, youth
areas, conference, etc.
• Lower Decks
◦ Crew, Engines
◦ Provision and food preparation
◦ Garbage handling, laundry
◦ Luggage handling areas
◦ Tendering areas
◦ Service corridor
OMJ 7.10.2015
Key Figures and Milestones of MS 3
Key Figures
Gross Tonnage
Length
Breadth
Draft
Service speed
LSA capacity
Passengers
Crew
99 500
293,50
35,80
8,05
21,3
3 820
2 790
1 030
m
m
m
kn
persons
persons
persons
Schedule Milestones
Contract
Start of Production
Keel Laying
Launching
Delivery
35
September 2011
November 2012
May 2013
November 2013
May 2014
OMJ 7.10.2015
General Arrangement
36
Decks 11 to 15
•
•
•
10 Sky Suites w/ roof top terrace
Enclosed Pool
Anckelmannsplatz with new Bakery feature
•
• Iconic ‘Spa & Meer’ w/ Skylight
25m Sports Pool
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General Arrangement
37
Decks 7 to 10
•
Efficient Lift and Stair Cores
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General Arrangement
38
Decks 3 to 6
•
•
Grosse Freiheit
•
•
Main Dining connected to Schau Bar
Good public flow
•
Theater Fly Tower
Medical Center
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Oasis Class
39
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Dining Room
40
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Windjammer (Lido Café)
41
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Entertainment Areas
42
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Outdoor Central Park
43
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Central Park - Restaurants
44
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Outdoor Boardwalk
45
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Royal Promenade
46
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Royal Promenade
47
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Gym & Spa
48
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Sun Decks
49
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50
Flowriders & Sports Area
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Versatile Pool Areas
51
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Ship in numbers
52
Steel Structure
• 181 grand blocks, max. 600 tonnes a piece.
• Constructed of ca. 500 000 individual parts.
• Joined with 2 400 km of weld seams.
• Painted with 600 000 litres of paint.
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Ship in numbers
53
Technical
• Power plant
• Propulsion power
• Bow thrusters
97 020 kW
60 000 kW
22 000 kW
• 100 000 electric points
• 5 000 km electric cable
• 30 000 automation data I/O
points
• 250 km of pipes over 1 inch 
• 16 000 Sprinkler heads & 100
km piping
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Ship in numbers
54
Passenger Areas
•
•
•
•
•
•
26 000 seats for passengers
150 000 m² of air conditioned area
90 000 m² of carpet
8 000 m² of windows
7 000 works of art
2 300 tonnes of water in swimming
pools
• 4 100 000 litres of fresh water
generated every day
...and…
• 50 tonnes of ice cubes made every
day...
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Ship in numbers
55
Cabins
• 2700 cabins for passengers
• An incredible 76,3% of the cabins
have a balcony.
• Flexibility with 22 different cabin
types, sizes from...
◦ Standard balcony cabin of 18 m²
..up to...
◦ Royal Loft Suite of 156 m²
OMJ 7.10.2015
Concept Design
Cruise ship conceptual architecture and design
Basic Idea: Different Views - Different Objectives
Passengers look at:
57
Ship owners look at:
•Experiences offered
•Cabin standard
•Onboard service
•Safety and reliability
•Brand value
•Onboard revenue
•Operating cost
•Capital cost
Shipbuilders look at:
•Hull form
•Machinery
•Propeller
•Steel structure
”Look at your ship from the customer’s point of view !”
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Concept Development
58
Emerging
Phenomenons
Change Forces
CONTRACT
Weak Signals
Mega Trends
Wild Cards
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Concept Design - Selected Ferry references
59
• Finnjet
◦ first gas turbine powered fast ferry
• Robin Hood, Nils Dacke
◦ first diesel electric modern ferry
• Stena Explorer, Voyager, Discovery
◦ biggest fast aluminium catamaran
• Superfast III and IV
◦ new level of hydrodynamic performance
• Silja Serenade and Symphony
◦ several decks high and eight meter wide atrium
• Color Fantasy and Magic
◦ exceptional comfort
◦ first ship built according to probabilistic
damage stability
• Superspeed 1 and 2
◦ exceptional hydrodynamic and comfort performance
• Viking NB
◦ first big LNG powered passenger ship
• In addition Meyer Turku has developed several
ferry concepts built elsewhere
•OMJ 7.10.2015
Concept Design - Selected Cruise Ship references
60
• Song of Norway
◦ first purpose built cruise ship
• Royal Princess
◦ all outside concept
• Fantasy class
◦ first diesel electric cruise ships
◦ first cruise ships with podded propulsion
• Radisson diamond
◦ biggest SWATH-type cruise ship
• Voyager class
◦ revolutionary in size, exceptional superstructure
• Carnival Spirit class
◦ max balcony concept, total 16 ships
(ten latest by Fincantieri)
• Oasis class
◦ revolutionary in size, structure, multitude of attractions,
compexlity of technology
◦ ship as destination
• Mein Schiff class
◦ revolutional energy efficiency and environmeltal friendliness
• In addition Meyer Turku has developed numerous
cruise ship concepts built elsewhere
•OMJ 7.10.2015