MAR `2013 - Seattle South Asian

Transcription

SEATTLESouthAsian
Monthly Community Paper | [email protected] | 206-501-2254 | Vol. 4 No. 3
Immigration Reform HOLI
By Ramey Ko
The potential for comprehensive
immigration reform during President Obama’s second term increased dramatically on January
28 and 29, after a bipartisan group
of US Senators and the President
both announced proposals for reform. Many immigrant advocates
are particularly hopeful because
of the similarity between the two
proposals, at least at first glance,
and the President’s statement on
Tuesday that he will wait and see
how the Senate plan develops before deciding whether to submit
his own bill to Congress. With a
divided (Continued On Page 09)
The festival of Holi is celebrated
because of a story in the old Hindu religion.
In Vaishnavism, Hiranyakashipu
is the great king of demons, and
he had been granted a boon by
Brahma, which made it almost
impossible for him to be killed.
The boon was due to his long penance, after which he had demanded that he not be killed “during
day or night; inside the home or
outside,
not
on
earth or in
the sky;
neither
by a man
nor
an
animal;
neither by
astra nor
by shastra”.
Conseq u e n t l y,
he grew
arrogant and attacked the Heavens and the Earth.
(Continued On Page 15)
EASTER You Can Advertise In
SEATTLE SOUTH ASIAN
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Easter (Old English:
Ēostre) or the Pasch
or (among Eastern Orthodox) Pascha (Latin:
Pascha; Greek: Πάσχα,
Paskha; Aramaic: Pasa;
from Hebrew: Pes) is a
Christian festival and
holiday celebrating the
resurrection of Jesus
Christ on the third day
after his crucifixion at
Calvary as described in
the New Testament.
Easter is the culmination
of the Passion of Christ,
5” X 2”
206-501-2254/281-381-0744
[email protected]
inside
March
2013
T is for Teaching.........03
Meet Flu Virus............03
Taste For Alcohol........04
Kid President..............04
Calorie From Fast Food05
Heart Disease.............06
Accpunture.................07
Hign Fat Diets.............08
People Are Bad At Learning............................09
Giving Makes People Feel
APRIL 2013
REAL ESTAT SPECIAL
info@seattle
southasian.com
206-501-2254
Better Than Getting....10
Whale Got TheirTeeth.11
First Space Tourist......12
Air Pollution Linked To
Early Death................13
How Insects Find ‘Mr. Rig
ht’............................15
Community Calendar...15
Milky Way..................16
Kids With TV Addiction17
Secret Code Used.......18
Potential Drug Target For
Cancer Identified.......19
Heavy Internet Users..20
Low Intensity Exercise.20
Astrology....................21
Entertainment........22,23
Seattle South Asian |March 2013
Page 2
Something Big is Coming to Vancouver!
Be here for all the excitement!
The Times of India Film Awards are coming to Vancouver, bringing
Bollywood’s hottest stars to the city from April 4th to 6th. Whether
you’re attending the big gala awards, a TOIFA concert, film screenings,
or just star-gazing, make a night of it by booking a hotel downtown.
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While supplies last, we have a limited number of special
packages that include accommodations, parking and awards
tickets. Book now at www.tourismvancouver.com/TOIFA
Page 2
Page 3
“T” Is For “Teaching”
And “T” Is For “Tradition”
By Alpana Deo
My Previous article “Be Their
Role Model” talked about how
even our small day-to-day gestures, activities can be a learning
experience to our kids and how
much importance these gestures,
activities give to how we talkreact and deal with any situation.
Usually, I like and prefer to associate my chosen topic to my personal experience.
Last month was the Makar
Sankranti month. It ended on Feb
11th. We all have celebrated this
festival in our own traditional
way.
In Maharashtra, we make Gulachi Poli(flat bread stuffed with
soft/shredded Jaggery mixed
with toasted, ground Til- sesame
seeds) and Khichadi on Sankranti
day i.e January 14. We have a
saying ‘Til GuL Ghya Aani God
God Bola’ meaning ‘Accept this
tilgul and speak sweetly’.
My daughter is 4 years old. She
is at the right age when she can
remember these small things.
As they say in Parle-G commercial “Bachpan Se Bada koi
School Nahi, Curiosity Se Badi
Koi Teacher Nahi”. Like any
other kid she was also curious
and surprised but quite confused
that why everyone is saying these
words.
She asked me is it because we are
eating Gulachi Poli and its sweet?
I told her that we have Sankranti
in the beginning of the year so by
saying this it gives us a chance to
remember that we should never
hurt anybody’s feeling, always try
to speak sweet.
She got it. Second part of this
festival is Haldi Kunku or Haldi
Kumkum (literally meaning turmeric and vermillion). Every year
I try to have at least a small Haldi
Kumkum at my place.
All this is to maintain and to let
our daughter know about the traditional practices associated to
this festival.
Sometimes, I feel living in the
USA brings us more close to
our culture. We put extra efforts
in bringing India into our homes
during these festival seasons. We
do it with more dedication, devotion.
Again going back to my personal
experience, I grew up in Uttar
Pradesh. If my parents hadn’t put
their extra efforts in maintaining
Maharashtrian culture, tradition
at our home then I don’t think it
would have been possible for me
to write on this topic.
For example calling kid’s friends
on such occasions as we do on
birthdays and involving them in
deciding what to do, picking gifts
will help them to remember the
occasion and the customs related
to it. Every year they will look
forward for this time of the year
to come.
What else could be more satisfying for us as a parent living here
when our kids remember and
show their enthusiasm and interest in these small things and
expects just a tiny bit of encouragement from us for their involvement.
Everyone is busy today. Quite often we get to hear people saying
that we don’t get time to do all
this traditional things. We want to
do but don’t know how.
Not as a comment but these are
few words that I have recently
read in a book. “We all have 24
hours; it’s not the time that matters but the activities that we get
engaged into during these 24
hours. We have to prioritize them.
If we really want to do something
then it’s not that difficult to spare
some extra minutes out of our
daily schedule to implement and
execute it.”
Little bit of planning and an inner zeal are the only two requirements for giving our kids this
great gift of tradition.
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Meet ‘Flu Virus’ New Enemy
Washington, February 22 (ANI):
An international group of scientists
has
discovered
a new class
of molecular
compounds
capable
of
killing the influenza virus.
Their
new
compounds
will lead to
a new generation
of
anti-influenza
drugs that the
virus’ strains
can’t adapt to,
and resist, as
easily as they
do Tamiful – the anti-influenza
drug that is becoming less effective against the constantly mutating flu virus.
Working on the premise that too
much of a good thing can be a
Page 3
killer, the team that include Simon Fraser University virologist
Masahiro Niikura and his doc-
toral student Nicole Bance have
advanced previous researchers’
methods of manipulating an enzyme that is key to how influenza
replicates and spreads.
They have described how to use
their newly discovered compounds to interrupt the enzyme
neuraminidase’s facilitation of
influenza’s spread.
Tamiful and another anti-influenza drug, Relenza, focus on interrupting neuraminidase’s ability to
help influenza detach from an infected cell’s surface by digesting
sialic acid, a sugar on the surface
of the cell.
The flu virus uses
the same sugar to
stick to the cell
while invading it.
Once attached, influenza can invade
the cell and replicate.
This is where the
newly discovered
compounds come
to the still-healthy
cells’ rescue.
They clog up
neuraminidase,
stopping the enzyme from dissolving the sialic
acid, which prevents the virus from escaping the
infected cell and spreading.
The new compounds are also
more effective because they’re
water-soluble.
“They reach the patient’s throat
where the flu virus is replicating
after being taken orally,” said
Niikura, a Faculty of Health Sciences associate professor.
“Influenza develops resistance to
Replenza less frequently, but it’s
not the drug of choice like Tamiful because it’s not water-soluble
and has to be taken as a nasal
spray.
“Our new compounds are structurally more similar to sialic acid
than Tamiful. We expect this closer match will make it much more
difficult for influenza to adapt to
new drugs,” Niikura explained.
Ultimately, the new compounds
will buy scientists more time to
develop new vaccines for emerging strains of influenza that are
resistant to existing vaccines.
Their study has been published
in the journal Science Express.
(ANI)
Page 4
‘Artificial Brain’ Lets
Robots Learn Language
Washington, February 20 (ANI)
An artificial brain system enabled
a robot to learn, and subsequently
understand, new sentences containing a new grammatical structure.
INSERM and CNRS researchers
and the Universite Lyon 1 have
succeeded in developing an “artificial neuronal network” constructed on the basis of a fundamental principle of the workings
of the human brain, namely its
ability to learn a new language.
Thanks to so-called recurrent
construction (with connections
that create locally recurring
loops) this artificial brain system
can understand new sentences
having a new grammatical structure.
It is capable of linking two sentences and can even predict the
end of a sentence before it is provided.
The model was developed after
years of research in the INSERM
846 Unit of the Institut de recherche sur les cellules souches
et cerveau, through studying the
structure of the human brain and
understanding the mechanisms
used for learning.
To put this advance into a real-life
situation, the INSERM researchers incorporated this new brain
into the iCub humanoid robot.
In a video demonstration, a researcher asks the iCub robot to
point to a guitar (shown in the
form of blue object) then asking it to move a violin to the left
(shown by a red object).
Before performing the task, the
robot repeats the sentence and explains that it has fully understood
what it has been asked to do.
For researchers, the contribution
that this makes to research into
certain diseases is of major importance.
Taste For Alcohol `Originated
10 Mn Yrs Ago In Common
Ancestor Of Humans And Chimps`
way.
These reactions could hitherto be
recorded by sensors placed on the
scalp”, explained Dr Peter Ford
Dominey.
The ability to metabolize ethanol
— the alcohol in beer, wine and
spirits — might have originated
in the common ancestor of chimpanzees, gorillas and humans
roughly 10 million years ago,
perhaps when this ancestor became more terrestrial and started
The model developed by Dr
Xavier Hinaut and Dr Dominey
makes it possible to identify the
source of these responses in the
brain.
Among primates, not all ADH4s
are the same — some can’t effectively metabolize ethanol.
To see how ADH4 evolved, Benner’s team read the stretches of
DNA that make ADH4 in 27
modern primate species, including lemurs, monkeys, apes and
humans.
If this model, based on the organisation of the cerebral cortex,
is accurate, it could contribute to
possible linguistic malfunctions
in Parkinson’s disease.
This research has another important implication, that of contributing to the ability of robots to learn
a language one day.
This research has been published
in the Plos One journal. (ANI)
This system can be used to understand better the way in which the
brain processes language.
“We know that when an unexpected word occurs in a sentence,
the brain reacts in a particular
Kid President And Obama Announce
2013 White House Easter Egg Roll
President Obama took the help of Kid President
-- a.k.a. nine-year-old Robby Novak – to announce the 2013 lottery for the annual White
House Easter Egg Roll.
Kid President -- the “self-appointed voice of a
generation” -- got a call from the real president
about Easter Egg Roll, according to ABC News.
“Kid President, looks like you got my message,”
Obama said in a video released by the White
House on Thursday.
“Yes Mr. President, I got your message,” Kid
President responded over a tin can phone before
talking about the “historic” Easter egg roll.
As for his response to the Easter Egg Roll, he
told the president, “This is historic … Kids dancing. Eggs rolling. I’m in!”
The nine-year-old later announced that the ticket
lottery for the April 1 White House Easter Egg
roll is open, and closes on Monday, Feb. 25.
(ANI)
eating fruits fermenting on the
ground, according to scientists.
Chemist Steven Benner of the
Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution in Gainesville, Fla.,
reached that conclusion by “resurrecting” the alcohol-metabolizing enzymes of extinct primates.
Benner and his colleagues estimated the enzymes’ genetic code,
built the enzymes in the lab and
then analyzed how they work to
understand how they changed
over time.
Today, humans rely on an enzyme
called alcohol dehydrogenase 4,
or ADH4, to break down ethanol.
The enzyme is common throughout the esophagus, stomach and
intestines, and is the first alcoholmetabolizing enzyme that comes
into contact with what a person
drinks.
Then they mapped the DNA sequences on a primate family
tree and inferred what the genes
might have looked like long ago
at points on the tree where evolutionary branches separated. The
branching points represent extinct
primate ancestors.
Most primate ancestors wouldn’t
have been able to metabolize
ethanol, the results showed. But
at the branching point leading to
gorillas, chimps and humans —
which represents an ancestor that
lived roughly 10 million years
ago — the enzyme becomes a
powerful alcohol digester.
Compared with earlier enzymes,
this one was 50 times as efficient,
Benner reported, and was nearly
capable of breaking down the
level of ethanol found in modern
alcoholic beverages.
Page 4
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PAMV
is about telling children that
consumption of violent content in media can have adverse health impacts.
Join the Parent group today.
11Pc Of Adult’S Calories
Come From Fast Food
A new U.S. report has revealed that 11.3
percent of daily calories consumed by
adults in 2007 through 2010 came from
fast food.
Non-Hispanic black adults ate more
fast food in their diet than non-Hispanic
whites and Hispanic adults. Non-Hispanic blacks have the highest rates of obesity
at 49.5 percent, according to the CDC.
The report from the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention was based on data
However, there were no differences in the
amount of fast food consumed by adults
when income status was taken into ac-
pulled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES),
CBS News reported.
count. But, for young adults, the higher
the income they reported, the lower the
chances they ate fast food.
Fast food is a quick alternative to making
a meal at home, and it’’s steadily becoming am increasing part of the American
diet, the report noted.
“The good news from this study is that
as we get older, perhaps we do get wiser
and eat less fast food,” Samantha Heller,
a clinical nutritionist at the NYU Center
for Musculoskeletal Care in New York
City told HealthDay.
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However, the 2007 to 2010 fast foodcalorie statistics are lower than the levels reported from 2003 to 2006, when the
American diet was about 13 percent fast
food, it said.
Researchers cited that eating fast food
frequently has been linked to weight gain.
The CDC report revealed that more than
one-third of U.S. adults are obese and that
obese people had the highest percentage
of fast food making up their diet.
But Heller pointed out that bad food habits in a person’’s 20s can set them up for
a lifetime of disease,adding that eating
poorly early in life can lead to metabolic
syndrome, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease.
“A take-home message is that the study
suggests that the more fast food you eat,
the fatter you get,”she said. (ANI)
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TRAINING
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281-381- 0744
Seattle South Asian | March 2013
Page 6
Mercury May Have
Taste For Alcohol `Originated 10Mn Yrs Ago In
Common Ancestor Of Humans And Chimps`
Harbored ‘Vast Magma
Ocean’ 4.5 Billion Years Ago
(Continued From Page 05)
Based on the chemical composition
of
rocks
on
Mercury’s
surface,
scientists
at
MIT
have proposed that
the planet
may have
harbored a
large, roiling ocean
of magma
very early
in its history, shortly
after
its formation about
4.5 billion
years ago.
The
scientists analyzed data gathered
by MESSENGER (MErcury
Surface, Space ENvironment,
GEochemistry, and Ranging), a
NASA probe that has orbited the
planet since March 2011.
Later that year, a group of scientists analyzed X-ray fluorescence
data from the probe, and identi-
fied two distinct compositions of
rocks on the planet’s surface.
thetic rock to high temperatures
and pressures to simulate various
geological processes.
From their experiments,
the scientists came up with
only one phenomenon to
explain the two compositions: a vast magma ocean
that created two different
layers of crystals, solidified, then eventually remelted into magma that
then erupted onto Mercury’s surface.
“The thing that’s really
amazing on Mercury is,
this didn’t happen yesterday.
The discovery unearthed a planetary puzzle: What geological
processes could have given rise
to such distinct surface compositions?
To answer that question, the MIT
team used the compositional data
to recreate the two rock types in
the lab, and subjected each syn-
The crust is probably more
than 4 billion years old, so
this magma ocean is a really ancient feature,” said
Timothy Grove, a professor of geology at MIT.
Grove, along with postdoc Bernard Charlier and Maria Zuber,
the E.A. Griswold Professor of
Geophysics and Planetary Science and now MIT’s vice president for research, published the
results in the journal Earth and
Planetary Science Letters. (ANI)
Because gorillas, chimps and humans all spend at least some time
on the ground, Benner thinks a
terrestrial lifestyle arose in these
primates’ common ancestor
around 10 million years ago.
Being on the ground, the ancestor would have come across fruit
that had fallen from trees. With
a damaged husk or skin, yeast
could have invaded the fruit and
fermented its sugars into ethanol.
Thus, individuals who could digest ethanol would have survived
better than those who couldn’t.
This would also explain why
the ability to metabolize ethanol
didn’t evolve in tree-dwelling primates like orangutans that rarely
encounter fermented fruit.
But it may be too soon to link metabolizing ethanol with living on
the ground, said Jeremy DeSilva,
a biological anthropologist at
Boston University.
“There’s very little fossil evidence from the general time period when humans, gorillas and
chimpanzees last shared a common ancestor,” DeSilva noted.
(ANI)
Dubai Set To Build World’s
Biggest Ferris Wheel
Wellington, Feb 14 (ANI):
A 210 metre Ferris wheel is set to become the world’s biggest Ferris
wheel after its addition on the top of the Burj Khalifa tower in Dubai,
according to the country’s ruler.
According to reports, the wheel which has been named as the Dubai
Eye, is expected to dwarf the London Eye (135 m), a giant Ferris
wheel situated in London, Stuff.co.nz reports.
The wheel, whose construction is expected to begin this year, is a part
of an island development project worth 1.6 billion US dollars which
was approved by the ruler.
Dubai has proposed a series of mega projects reminiscent of its boom
years before the downturn hit in 2009, which include theme parks and
a satellite city named after the ruler. (ANI)
High Cholesterol’s Role In Heart
Disease Busted As A ‘Myth’
Washington, Feb. 18 (ANI):
A doctor from California has
claimed that it’s a myth that high
cholesterol is one of the factors,
which makes the heart diseases
deadly.
Dr. Jonny Bowden, author of
‘The Great Cholesterol Myth,’
said that lowering your cholesterol may not necessarily prevent
heart disease.
He said that cholesterol is not
even a good predictor of heart
disease.
He asserted that 50 percent of
people who are admitted to hospitals in the US with cardiovascular
disease have normal cholesterol and half the
people with
elevated
cholesterol
have normal
hearts, Fox
News
reported.
He also believes that
cholesterol
plays no role
whatsoever
in the development
of heart disease,
and
that it has
taken atten-
tion away from other important
factors that contribute to cardiovascular problems – like inflammation, oxidative damage, stress
and sugar in the diet.
He believes that cholesterol is a
pretty minor player but still everyone puts all their efforts into
lowering it.
Today, doctors know that there
are two main types of cholesterol
- HDL and LDL - and there are
five different kinds of each.
He said that both the types behaved quite differently in the
body adding that while LDL
comes in two big flavours, LDLA and LDL-B, LDL-A looked
like a big cotton ball and it can’t
do any damage as it can’t get
caught in the arteries.
He added that LDL-B is a bad
guy - but most people don’t know
which one they have. (ANI)
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SEATTLE
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Page 6
Page 7
Is coffee drinking related to mortality?
As coffee drinking increased, the
risk of death
decreased.
and various specific causes of
disease in an interview in Journal of Caffeine Research, a peer-
This is what
a large study
of
nearly
half a million
older adults
followed
for about 12
years
has
found.
Study author
Neal Freedman,
PhD,
MPH,
National Cancer
Institute, discusses the significance of these findings and the
potential links between coffee
drinking, caffeine consumption,
reviewed journal from Mary Ann
Liebert, Inc., publishers.
Dr. Freedman examines the rela-
tionship between coffee drinking
and behaviors such as smoking
and alcohol abuse, the physiological effects of caffeine on
blood pressure and cardiac
function, and the importance of differentiating between the effects of coffee
and caffeine.
Why You Should Worry If You’re
Over 22 And Suffering From Cold?
London, February 20 (ANI):
Pittsburgh researchers have identified telomere length as a marker
that can predict who is most likely to get colds.
“Given the near-universal
daily consumption of caffeine, Dr. Freedman’s research underscores the urgent need for randomized
controlled trials to identify which components of
coffee and other caffeine
beverages benefit or harm
consumers, under what circumstances, and in relation
to which health outcomes,” said
Jack E. James, PhD, Editor-inChief of Journal of Caffeine Research. (ANI)
days to see if they actually developed an infection.
They saw that the participants
with shorter telomeres were more
likely to become infected by the
cold virus.
Acupuncture May Help
Relieve Seasonal Allergies
Researchers studied the effect
of acupuncture over eight weeks
be due to an effect on the immune
system.
In some
cases, it
appeared
a reduction in the
amount
of allergy
m e d i cations
might be
possible,
they said.
T h e y
suggested
that acupuncture
m i g h t
be helpful when
combined
w i t h
We s t e r n
treatments.
Acupuncture may help relieve
seasonal allergy symptoms in
some people with runny noses
and watery eyes, according to a
recent study out of Germany - but
the effect seems to be small.
and reported a decrease in allergy symptoms, according to Fox
News.
But they
said that
patients
should discuss with their allergist
before changing or stopping any
medications.
The exact mechanism is not
known or even clear; however,
the researchers believe that it may
The study was published in the
Annals of Internal Medicine.
(ANI)
Telomeres are tiny protective
structures that sit at the end of
every single chromosome in the
body.
They act like a plastic cap at the
end of a shoelace, preventing
DNA unravelling every time the
body’’s cells divide.
As we age, they get shorter, making us more susceptible to illness.
However, until now it was not
known whether telomere length
play a role in the health of young
to middle-aged adults, said the researchers from Carnegie Mellon
University, Philadelphia.
Now, they have found that telomere length does predict our resistance to upper respiratory infections when we are in our 20s,
the Daily Mail reported.
“Our work suggests the possibility that telomere length is a relatively consistent marker across
the life span and that it can start
predicting disease susceptibility
in young adulthood,” said Professor Cohen.
But he noted that this is preliminary research and further work
with other viruses and with natural infections will help clarify its
implications.
The findings were published in
the Journal of the American Medical Association. (ANI)
HAPPY
Mar 24 - World TB Day
Lead researcher Professor Sheldon Cohen and his team measured the telomere length of white
blood cells from 152 healthy volunteers aged 18 to 55.
Mar 27 - Holi
They were then exposed to a rhinovirus, which causes a common
cold, and quarantined for five
Mar 31 - Easter
Mar 29 - Good Friday
Page 7
Page 8
High-Fat Diets May Cause ADHD In Children
High-fat diets and brain-based
conditions childhood like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) and memory-dependent learning disabilities may be
linked, according to new research
released by the University of Illinois.
“We found that a high-fat diet
rapidly affected dopamine metabolism in the brains of juvenile
mice, triggering anxious behaviors and learning deficiencies.
Interestingly, when methylphenidate (Ritalin) was administered,
the learning and memory problems went away,” said Gregory
Freund, a professor in the U of I
College of Medicine and a member of the university’’s Division
of Nutritional Sciences.
Freund said that altered dopamine
signaling in the brain is common
to both ADHD and the overweight or obese state.
“And an increase in the number
of dopamine metabolites is associated with anxiety behaviors in
children,” he added.
Intrigued by the recent upsurge
in both child obesity and adverse
childhood psychological conditions, including impulsivity, depression, and ADHD, Freund’’s
team examined the short-term
effects of a high-fat (60 percent
calories from fat) versus a low-fat
(10 percent calories from fat) diet
on the behavior of two groups
of four-week-old mice. A typical
Western diet contains from 35 to
45 percent fat, he said.
“After only one week of the highfat diet, even before we were able
to see any weight gain, the behavior of the mice in the first group
began to change,” he said.
Evidence of anxiety included
increased burrowing and wheel
running as well a reluctance to
explore open spaces.
The mice also developed learning
and memory deficits, including
decreased ability to negotiate a
maze and impaired object recognition.
Switching mice from a high-fat to
a low-fat diet restored memory in
one week, he noted.
In mice that continued on the
high-fat diet, impaired object rec-
ognition remained three weeks
after the onset of symptoms.
But Freund knows from other
studies that brain biochemistry
normalizes after 10 weeks as the
body appears to compensate for
the diet.
At that point, brain dopamine
has returned to normal, and mice
have become obese and developed diabetes.
“Although the mice grow out
of these anxious behaviors and
learning deficiencies, the study
suggests to me that a high-fat diet
could trigger anxiety and memory
disorders in a child who is genetically or environmentally susceptible to them,” he said.
Because the animals adapt to the
high-fat fare, the scientists also
hypothesized that abruptly removing fat from the diet might
negatively affect anxiety, learning, and memory.
The researchers had expected that
the high-fat diet would stimulate
inflammation, which is associated with obesity, but they saw
no evidence of an inflammatory
response in the brain after one or
three weeks on the high-fat regimen.
Instead, they saw evidence that
a high-fat diet initiates chemical
responses that are similar to the
ones seen in addiction, with dopamine, the chemical important
to the addict’’s pleasurable experiences, increasing in the brain.
The study was published in Psychoneuroendocrinology. (ANI)
How sweat protects people from dangerous bugs
bacteria.
Scientists has discovered how an
Scientists from the University of
important natural antibiotic called
dermcidin, produced by our skin
when we sweat, is a highly efficient tool to fight tuberculosis
germs and other dangerous bugs.
Their results could contribute to
the development of new antibiotics that control multi-resistant
Edinburgh and from Goettingen,
Tuebingen and Strasbourg have
uncovered the atomic structure
of the compound, enabling them
to pinpoint for the first time what
makes dermcidin such an efficient weapon in the battle against
dangerous bugs.
Although about 1700 types of
these natural antibiotics are
known to exist, scientists did not
of a mosquito, antibiotic agents
secreted in sweat glands, such as
dermcidin, rapidly and efficiently
kill invaders.
These
natural substances,
known as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs),
are more effective in the
long term than
traditional antibiotics,
because germs are
not capable of
quickly developing resistance
against them.
membrane of bugs, which are
stabilised by charged particles of
zinc present in sweat.
The team also discovered that
dermcidin can adapt to extremely
variable types of membrane.
until now have a detailed understanding of how they work.
The antimicrobials can attack
the bugs’’ Achilles’’ heel – their
cell wall, which
cannot be modified quickly to
resist
attack.
Because of this,
AMPs
have
great potential
to form a new generation of antibiotics.
Sweat spreads highly efficient
antibiotics on to our skin, which
protect us from dangerous bugs.
Scientists have known for some
time that dermcidin is activated
in salty, slightly acidic sweat.
If our skin becomes injured by a
small cut, a scratch, or the sting
The molecule then forms tiny
channels perforating the cell
As a consequence, water and
charged particles flow uncontrollably across the membrane,
eventually killing the harmful microbes.
Through a combination of techniques, scientists were able to
determine the atomic structure of
the molecular channel.
They found that it is unusually
long, permeable and adaptable,
and so represents a new class of
membrane protein.
Scientists said this could explain
why active dermcidin is such an
efficient broad-spectrum antibiotic, able to fend off bacteria and
fungi at the same time.
The international team of scientists hopes that their results can
contribute to the development
of a new class of antibiotics that
is able to attack such dangerous
germs.
The study has been published
in Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences. (ANI)
Page 8
Page 9
Renewed Hope For Comprehensive Immigration Reform
rently living in the United States.
Congress and the high partisan
tensions of the past few years, immigration reform still faces many
obstacles;
Providing a way to legalize undocumented immigrants has been
among the greatest sources of disagreement between the two parties; the fact that there is now significant bipartisan agreement on a
pathway to citizenship, at least in
principle, is very encouraging.
however, Republicans’ extremely
poor performance among Asian
Americans and Latinos in the
2012 elections and encouraging
statements by leaders in both parties bode well for the prospect of
a successful compromise.
A bipartisan group of eight Senators, four Democrats and four Republicans, announced their plan
on Monday, and the President followed with a speech in Nevada on
Tuesday.
Both plans are based on the same
basic principles: improving border security, cracking down on
the hiring of illegal workers,
streamlining and improving the
immigration system for future
immigrants, and perhaps most
importantly, a pathway to citizenship for the estimated 11 million
undocumented immigrants cur-
While many Americans think of
Latinos when they think of undocumented immigrants, five of
the top ten countries of origin
for undocumented immigrants
are China (280,000), the Philippines (270,000), India (240,000),
Korea (230,000), and Vietnam
(170,000).
Both plans also emphasize that
the current immigration system is
far too inefficient and bureaucratic, and its delays and complexities drive away the most desirable
immigrants.
Particularly encouraging for the
Asian American community,
who often rely on skilled worker
and student visas to come to the
US, both plans call for making
it easier for skilled workers and
those holding or obtaining advanced degrees in science, technology, engineering, and math to
immigrate to the US, as well as
increasing the numbers of such
immigrants.
Both proposals also call for helping investors and entrepreneurs
obtain green cards more easily.
On the other hand, there are also
serious points of disagreement
between the two proposals.
President Obama’s plan also emphasizes the need to streamline
the process for family reunification, another area heavily relied
on by Asian immigrants, while
the Senate proposal does not focus much on this area;
some Republicans have indicated
that family immigration numbers
would actually be reduced to accommodate more skilled workers, advanced degree holders, investors, and entrepreneurs.
Perhaps the area of greatest concern is the difference between the
two proposals on the timing of the
pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants.
While both proposals would require undocumented immigrants
to take similar steps on their
path to legalization, including a
criminal background check, paying back taxes and fines, obtaining work, and going to the back
of the line, the Senate proposal
would not open up the path until
certain triggers for immigration
enforcement and border security
are met first.
President Obama’s speech indicated that some process for undocumented immigrants to obtain
legal status would be developed
at the same time as enforcement
and security efforts, and he also
highlighted the need for a quicker
path for undocumented immigrants brought here as children,
often known as DREAMers after
the proposed DREAM Act, which
narrowly failed to pass Congress
in December 2010.
If something similar to the Senators’ or President’s proposals
passes, it will be the most significant reform of US immigration law since the Immigration
Reform and Control Act of 1986.
For all those waiting to be reunited with their family, those seeking to better themselves through
education, those eager to bring
their entrepreneurial energy and
talent to America, and those who
have called America home for
almost their entire lives, that day
cannot come soon enough.
Ramey Ko is a partner at Jung
Ko, PLLC, an immigration and
business law firm in Austin, Texas, a Lecturer at the University of
Texas, and an Associate Municipal Judge.
He is a graduate of Yale University and the University of Chicago
Law School.
Why Some People Are Bad At Learning
A research team has revealed
the reason why some people are
worse at learning than others.
They have discovered that the
main problem is not that learning
processes are inefficient per se,
but that the brain
insufficiently processes the information to be learned.
The researchers from the RuhrUniversitat, the Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Charité – Universitatsmedizin Berlin and
the Max Planck Institute (MPI)
for Human Cognitive and Brain
Sciences trained the subjects’
sense of touch to be more
sensitive. In subjects who responded well to the training,
the EEG revealed characteristic
changes in brain activity, more
specifically in the alpha waves.
These alpha waves show, among
other things, how effectively the
brain exploits the sensory information needed for
learning.
“An exciting question now is to
what extent the alpha activity can
be deliberately influenced with
biofeedback. This
attention”, said Hubert Dinse.
The researchers were, therefore,
able to exclude attention as a factor. They repeatedly stimulated
the participants’ sense
of touch for 30 minutes by electrically stimulating the skin of the
hand.
could have enormous implications for therapy after brain injury
or, quite generally, for the understanding of learning
Before and after this passive
training, they tested the so-called
“two-point discrimination threshold”, a measure of the
processes,” said PD Dr. Hubert
Dinse from the Neural Plasticity
Lab of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
sensitivity of touch. For this, they
applied gentle pressure to the
hand with two needles and determined the smallest
How well we learn depends on
genetic aspects, the individual
brain anatomy, and, not least, on
attention.
distance between the needles at
which the patient still perceived
them as separate stimuli. On average, the passive
“In recent years we have established a procedure with which
we trigger learning processes in
people that do not require
training improved the discrimination threshold by twelve percent—but not in all of the 26 participants. Using EEG, the
team studied why some people
learned better than others.
The cooperation partners from
Berlin and Leipzig, PD Dr. Petra
Ritter, Dr. Frank Freyer, and Dr.
Robert Becker recorded
the subjects’ spontaneous EEG
before and during passive training.
learned. These effects occurred in
the somatosensory
cortex, that is, where the sense of
touch is located in the brain.
A high level of alpha activity
counts as a marker of the readiness of the brain to exploit new
incoming information.
They then identified the components of the brain
Conversely, a strong decrease
of alpha activity during sensory
stimulation counts as an indicator
that the brain processes
activity related to improvement
in the discrimination test. The alpha activity was decisive, i.e., the
brain activity was
stimuli particularly efficiently.
The results, therefore, suggest
that perception-based learning is
highly dependent on
in the frequency range 8 to 12
hertz.
how accessible the sensory information is. The alpha activity, as
a marker of constantly changing
brain states, modulates
The higher the alpha activity before the passive training, the better the people learned. In addition, the more the alpha
activity decreased during passive training, the more easily they
this accessibility.
The research team reported their
findings in the Journal of Neuroscience. (ANI)
Page 9
Page 10
Sleeping On It Can Help You Make Decisions
When faced with a difficult decision, people may think of “sleeping on it” or taking a break from
thinking about the decision in or-
that lead to improved decisionmaking.
“This research begins to chip
away at the mystery of our unconscious brains and decisionmaking,” said J. David Creswell,
not have any awareness that their
brains were still working on the
decision problem while they were
engaged in an unrelated task,” he
stated.
For the study, Creswell, recent
CMU graduate James K. Bursley
and Northeastern University’s
Ajay B. Satpute presented 27
healthy adults with information
about cars and other items while
undergoing neuroimaging.
Then, before being asked to make
decisions about the items, the participants had to complete a difficult distractor task — memorizing sequences of numbers — to
prevent them from consciously
thinking about the decision information.
der to gain clarity.
But a new brain imaging research
from Carnegie Mellon University,
has found that the brain regions
responsible for making decisions
continue to be active even when
the conscious brain is distracted
with a different task.
The research provides some of
the first evidence showing how
the brain unconsciously processes decision information in ways
assistant professor of psychology
in CMU’s Dietrich College of
Humanities and Social Sciences
and director of the Health and
Human Performance Laboratory.
“It shows that brain regions important for decision-making remain active even while our brains
may be simultaneously engaged
in unrelated tasks, such as thinking about a math problem.
What’s most intriguing about this
finding is that participants did
The results included three main
findings. First, the team confirmed previous research demonstrating that a brief period of
distraction — in this case two
minutes — produced higher quality decisions about the cars and
other items.
But did this effect occur because
the distraction period provided an
opportunity for the brain to take a
break from decision-making and
then return to the problem with
a fresh look? Or alternatively,
Giving Makes People Feel
Better Than Getting
Spending money on someone else
rather than for personal benefit
makes people feel good both rich
and poor nations, according to a
new research.
Our findings suggest that the psychological reward experienced
from helping others may be deeply ingrained in human nature,
emerging in diverse cultural and
economic contexts, said lead author Lara Aknin, PhD, of Simon
Fraser University in Canada.
The findings provide the first empirical evidence that “the warm
glow” of spending on someone
else rather than on oneself may
be a widespread component of
human psychology, said the researchers.
Researchers found a positive re-
lationship between personal wellbeing and spending on others in
120 of 136 countries covered in
the 2006-2008 Gallup World Poll.
The survey comprised 234,917
individuals, half of whom were
male, with an average age of 38.
The link between well-being and
spending on others was significant in every region of the world,
and it was not affected by other
factors among those surveyed,
such as income, social support,
perceived freedom and perceived
national corruption, the study
said.
The results were similar in several experiments the researchers themselves conducted with
participants in wealthy and poor
countries.
The researchers obtained the
same results when they conduct-
ed an online survey of 101 adults
in India.
Some respondents were asked to
recall recently spending money
on themselves or someone else,
while others were tested for their
happiness level without recalling past spending. Those who
recalled spending on someone
else said they had a greater feeling of well-being than those who
remembered spending on themselves or those who weren’’t
asked about spending.
“From an evolutionary perspective, the emotional benefits that
people experience when they help
others acts to encourage generous
behavior beneficial to long-term
human survival,” said Aknin.
The study was published online
in APA’’s Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology. (ANI)
does the brain continue to unconsciously process decision information during this distraction
period? This research supports
the latter unconscious processing
explanation.
When the participants were initially learning information about
the cars and other items, the neuroimaging results showed activation in the visual and prefrontal
cortices, regions that are known
to be responsible for learning and
decision-making.
Additionally, during the distractor
task, both the visual and prefron-
tal cortices continued to be active
— or reactivated — even though
the brain was consciously focused
on number memorization.
Third, the results showed that the
amount of reactivation within the
visual and prefrontal cortices during the distractor
task predicted the degree to which
participants made better decisions, such as picking the best car
in the set.
The study was published in the
journal “Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience.” (ANI)
Sitting Time Influences Risk
Of Chronic Diseases
Sitting for long periods can raise
your risk of chronic diseases, a
new study has warned.
Kansas State University researcher Richard Rosenkranz, assistant
professor of human nutrition,
examined the associations of sitting time and chronic diseases in
middle-aged Australian males.
The study’’s sample included
63,048 males ages 45-65 from
the Australian state of New South
Wales.
Study participants reported the
presence or absence of various
chronic diseases, along with their
daily sitting time: categorized as
less than four hours, four to six
hours, six to eight hours, or more
than eight hours.
Compared with those who reported sitting four hours or less
per day, those who sat for more
than four hours per day were significantly more likely to report
having a chronic disease such as
cancer, diabetes, heart disease
and high blood pressure.
The reporting of chronic diseases
rose as participants indicated they
sat more.
Those sitting for at least six hours
were significantly more likely to
report having diabetes.
“We saw a steady stair-step increase in risk of chronic diseases
the more participants sat,” Rosenkranz said.
“The group sitting more than
eight hours clearly had the highest risk.”
The study is relevant to office
workers sitting at desks and those
sitting for long periods of time
such as truck drivers, he said.
“We know that with very high
confidence that more physically
active people do better with regard to chronic disease compared
with less physically active people, but we should also be looking
at reducing sitting,” Rosenkranz
said.
“A lot of office jobs that require
long periods of sitting may be
hazardous to your health because
of inactivity and the low levels of
energy expenditure.”
Researchers said that although
most of the current evidence is
suggestive of a causal connection, they cannot be certain in this
study whether volumes of sitting
time led to the development of
chronic diseases or whether the
chronic diseases influenced sitting time.
“It’’s a classic case of, ‘’Which
came first: the chicken or the
egg?’’” Rosenkranz said.
The study has been published in
the International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical
Activity. (ANI)
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Page 11
How Whales Got Their Teeth
A multidisciplinary team of researchers has married together
the fossil record and the embryonic development process to investigate how the whale got its
teeth.
In most mammals there are
wedge-shaped incisors, a pointy
canine, and premolars and molars
with bumps and valleys that fit
Next, Armfield and her colleagues explored just how teeth
are shaped during development.
Specific proteins in the embryo
and this occurs near the tip of the
jaws, where the incisors form.
Prior to teeth forming in the embryo, FGF8 expression in the
Next, the authors moved
on to examine dolphin embryos. Here, the pattern was
different: FGF8 is present in
the back part of the jaw, but
BMP4 is present along the entire length of the jaw, including where FGF8 is found.
Not all whales have teeth, but
those that do, such as killer
whales, have rows of simple peg
like teeth, each one looking the
same as the next.
Whales use this spiked row of
teeth to grab prey, but unlike other mammals, whales do not chew.
In a new study, Brooke Armfield and colleagues investigated
the developmental processes
that cause the teeth of dolphins,
whales’’ smaller cousins, to be
different, and tracked the evolutionary progression of their
unique dentition across the fossil
record.
Whales evolved from land mammals and so Armfield and coworkers first went to the fossil
record to trace when and how
whales evolved their simple
teeth.
The fossil record shows that, 48
million years ago, whales had the
same four kinds of teeth just like
most other mammals.
Most mammals have four kinds
of teeth, each shaped for specific
tasks.
of teeth, and, sure enough, the
two proteins are distributed in
the same way as they are in other
mammals, showing that whales’’
ancestors likely had this distribution of gene expression
too.
The researchers hypothesize
that the overlapping presence
of BMP4 in these new areas
causes the teeth all along the
jaw to be simple in shape, like
incisors, and to be similar to
each other.
Interestingly, other researchers had shown that in mouse
embryos in which BMP4 is
experimentally introduced in
the back of the jaw, the back
teeth also take on this simplified appearance.
together like a mortar and pestle
when you chew.
cause developing teeth to grow
into certain shapes.
Gradually, the teeth of whales became simpler and acquired their
characteristic peg-like appearance around 30 million years ago,
well after the time that they had
acquired an array of adaptations
for living in the water.
Armfield and colleagues zeroed
in on two proteins, BMP4 (Bone
Morphogenetic Protein 4) and
FGF8 (Fibroblast Growth Factor
8).
BMP4 expression leads to teeth
developing into simple prongs,
back of the jaw leads to development of molar teeth with their
complex hills and valleys in mice
and other mammals.
Armfield and her co-workers
studied FGF8 and BMP4 in pig
embryos, relatives of whales and
dolphins.
Pigs have the four typical types
“The simple shift in the location
of proteins that influence tooth
shape found in whales may help
us to better understand how mammals evolved their complex tooth
in the first place,” said Armfield.
The research has been published
in the open access journal PeerJ.
(ANI)
MAY 2013 ISSUE EASTER
SUMMER SPECIAL
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(Continued From Page 01) preceded by
Lent, a forty-day period of fasting, prayer,
and penance. The last week of Lent is
called Holy Week, and it contains the days
of the Easter Triduum, including Maundy
Thursday (Holy Thursday in the Catholic
Church), commemorating Maundy and
the Last Supper, as well as Good Friday,
commemorating the crucifixion and death
of Jesus.
Easter is followed by a fifty-day period
called Eastertide or the Easter Season,
ending with Pentecost Sunday. The festival is referred to in English by a variety
of different names including Easter Day,
Easter Sunday, Resurrection Day and
Resurrection Sunday.
Easter is a moveable feast, meaning it is
not fixed in relation to the civil calendar.
The First Council of Nicaea established
the date of Easter as the first Sunday after the full moon (the Paschal Full Moon)
following the March equinox. Ecclesiastically, the equinox is reckoned to be on 21
March (even though the equinox occurs,
astronomically speaking, on 20 March in
most years), and the “Full Moon” is not
necessarily the astronomically correct
date.
The date of Easter therefore varies between 22 March and 25 April. Eastern
Christianity bases its calculations on the
Julian calendar whose 21 March corresponds, during the 21st century, to 3 April
in the Gregorian calendar, in which the
celebration of Easter therefore varies between 4 April and 8 May.
Easter is linked to the Jewish Passover by
much of its symbolism, as well as by its
position in the calendar. (Continued On
Page 13)
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When Children Can Hop On One Leg First Space Tourist
Motor development in children
under five years of age can now
be tested reliably by making them
do different exercises such as
standing on one leg, hopping or
running.
Together with colleagues from
Lausanne, researchers from the
University Children’s Hospital
Zurich and the University of Zurich have determined normative
data for different exercises such
as hopping or running.
This enables parents and experts
to gage the motor skills of young
children for the first time objectively and thus identify abnormalities at an early stage.
Until now, there has been a lack
of reliable data that describes the
age from which children are able
to stand on one leg, hop on one
leg, climb stairs or run.
Zurich have now extended this
test, simplified it for pre-school
children aged between three and
five and collected normative data
for this age group.
The test contains gross and fine
motor exercises and additional
tasks where children are supposed to run, hop, climb stairs
and balance.
The tests described in their study
reveal that young pre-school children are not yet able to perform
certain tasks such as hopping or
standing on one leg for longer
than two seconds.
“Children develop these skills
between the age of three and five
but very quickly and they are able
to at the age of five,” explained
Kakebeeke.
At the age of three, only forty percent of the children were able to
stand on one leg briefly.
Such standards have been lacking as it was assumed that motor
performance in children under the
age of five could not be measured
reliably.
At five years of age, they all
could. As soon as a child was able
to do a task and his or her performance was measurable, it was
classified on a five-point scale.
For children aged between five
and eighteen, however, there is an
instrument called the Zurich Motor Assessment created by Remo
Largo and his team at the University Children’s Hospital Zurich in
2001.
The best performance, for example, was thus: The child can stand
on one leg – the right and the left
– for longer than five seconds.
This test procedure is used by
many experts to examine neuromotor skills in children of a
school age.
Neurophysiologist Tanja Kakebeeke and developmental pediatrician Oskar Jenni from the
University Children’s Hospital
The normative data then developed from the proportion of children who can perform a skill and
the actual performance of these
children.
With the normative data, motor
development abnormalities can
now be diagnosed at an early
stage and therapeutic measures
initiated. (ANI)
Plans ‘Historic
Journey To Mars’
In 2018
A nonprofit organisation led by
Dennis Tito, the
first ever space
tourist, has announced its intention to launch a
mission to Mars
in 2018.
It is intended to
encourage
all
Americans
to
believe
again
in doing the
hard things that
make our nation great, while
inspiring youth
through Science,
Technology, Engineering
and
Mathematics
(STEM) education and motivation.
The
proposed
launch date is
January
2018,
and the venture is
called “Mission
for America.”
Tito paid 20 million dollars to be
the first paying guest of the International Space Station in 2001,
making him the first private space
traveller.
Now his organization is aiming to
Cigarette In 5 Mins Found In China
London, Feb 20 (ANI):
A rock found in China can inhale a cigarette in under five minutes, it has been revealed.
Mystery surrounds the nicotine-addicted rock, which was put on show by collector Luo Yuanshui, from
Longyan in southeast China’s Fujian Province.
Cigarettes, with variations for length and brand, take around six minutes to burn down naturally if left unsmoked, the Daily Mail reported. Luo said that his puffing pebble knocks an incredible minute off that time,
somehow. He said that he found the 2.2kg rock in the mountains of Shangyou.
Naturally, his first instinct was to find a hole and pop one of his cigarettes in to see if it would smoke it. He
was amazed to discover it did.
The oddity is an unidentified red-coloured rock and is fitted with an instructional plaque and a handy ashtray so the marble-boro can neatly indulge in its vice. (ANI)
catalyst for future growth, national prosperity, new knowledge and
global leadership.”
The official description of the
mission states:
This
“Mission
for
America”
will
generate
new knowledge,
experience and
momentum for
the next great era
of space exploration.
Called the Inspiration
Mars
Foundation, the
organization
is
hosting a press
conference next
Wednesday at the
National
Press
Club in which details of the plans
for the trip will be
revealed, CNN.
com reported.
`Smoking Rock` That Can Inhale
get to Mars and back in 501 days,
according to a press release.
The press release doesn’t explicitly state that the mission is
manned, but it does say that the
organization “is committed to
accelerating America’s human
exploration of space as a critical
But noting is revealed about
where the money will come
from, or how the potential space
traveler(s) would survive the
journey. (ANI)
FREE CLASSIFIED
Birthday Greetings
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Promotions
Achievements 25 words
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Air Pollution Linked To Early Death In Heart Attack Survivors
Air pollution is responsible for
the sharp rise in deaths among
patients who have been
admitted to hospital
with heart attacks, according to a new study.
vironmental epidemiology at the
London School of Hygiene and
Tropical Medicine (London, UK)
said: “We found that for every
admitted to hospital with ACS,
there would be 20 percent more
deaths among patients exposed
to PM 2.5 levels of 20 µg/m3,
ronmental epidemiology at the
London School of Hygiene and
Tropical Medicine, estimate that
death rates would be reduced by
The researchers linked records of 154,204 patients
who survived hospital admission for ACS in England and Wales between
2004-2007 with modelled
average air pollution concentrations for 2004-2010.
The largest study yet
to investigate the links
between fine air-borne
particulate matter (PM)
and patient survival
after hospital admission for acute coronary
syndrome (ACS) found
death rates increased
with increased exposure
to PM2.5 – tiny particles that measure 2.5
micrometers (µm) in diameter or less, approximately 30 times smaller
than a human hair.
The patients were followed
up until the end of the
study in April 2010 or their
death, whichever occurred
earlier. During the average follow-up time of 3.7
years, there were 39,863
deaths.
The amount of PM in
the air is measured as
micrograms per cubic
meter of air (µg/m3).
The main sources of
PM2.5 in the UK are emissions
from road traffic and industry, including power generation.
Dr Cathryn Tonne, lecturer in en-
This translates to 4,783 deaths occurring earlier than they should
do, due to exposure to PM2.5
from man-made sources.
10µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 there
was a 20 percent increase in the
death rate.
For example, over one year of
follow-up after patients had been
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compared to patients exposed to
PM2.5 levels of 10µg/m3.”
Dr Tonne and her colleague Paul
Wilkinson, professor of envi-
12 percent among ACS patients
if they were exposed to naturally
occurring PM2.5 rather than the
higher levels they were actually
exposed to.
The researchers adjusted
their results to take account of the patients’’ sex,
age, medical history, treatments and drugs, whether
or not they smoked, socioeconomic factors such as
income, education and employment, and where they lived.
The study was recently published
in the European Heart Journal.
(ANI)
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EASTER
(Contined From Page 11)
In many languages, the words for “Easter” and “Passover” are etymologically related or homonymous. Easter
customs vary across the Christian world, but attending sunrise services, exclaiming the Paschal greeting,
clipping the church and decorating Easter eggs, a symbol of the empty tomb, are common motifs.
Additional customs include egg hunting, the Easter Bunny, and Easter parades, which are observed by both
Christians and some non-Christians.
Page 13
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Community Calendar
MARCH 2013 Community Calendar
We have compiled this event listing based on the information available on the web site (where ever possible) of the community/organization as of third Friday. Please check with the organizers
to confirm its accuracy. We request all South Asian organizations to email us ([email protected]) their community calendar on or before 20th of every month, for the events happening
next month. We will carry listing of all South Asian non-profit organizations in Seattle. If the Name, Contact info is not correct or has changed email us the changes you want to see. E&OE.
Schedule:
11:00 AM - 03:00 PM,
March 16, Saturday,
08:30 AM - 09:30 AM,
Holi celebration is at Rotunda
Picnic Shelter, Lake Sammamish
State Park, 2000 NW Sammamish
Road, Issaquah, WA. For more
information, contact Ashish Soni
at 425-301-2255 or email at ash_
[email protected]
Free Meditation Session - Isha
Kriya at HTCC, 3818 212th St
SE , Bothell, WA .
March 30, Saturday,
HOLI
He demanded that people stop
worshipping Gods and start praising respectfully to him.
Hiranyakashipu, on the lap, being
ordered young Prahlada to sit on
a pyre in the lap of Holika, Hiranyakashipu’s demoness sister, who
also could not die because she
had a boon preventing her from
being burned by fire.
How Insects Find ‘Mr. Right’
It may be difficult for you to find
your perfect mate, but for one
wasp species, it only takes a whiff
of his special love potion to know
whether he’s “Mr.
Right.”
mones, then how did the vast
array of these scents evolve in insects?
They found that the pheromones
of all known Nasonia wasps con-
mone, so that it resembled that
of the other species,” said Josh
Gibson, an ASU doctoral student
working with Jürgen Gadau, a
professor in
School of Life Sciences in the College
of Liberal Arts and
Sciences. Female N.
vitripennis wasps
did not respond
when offered the
new
pheromone
alone.
Unlike
humans,
most insects rely on
their sense of smell
when looking for
a mate. Scientists
have found that sex
pheromones play
an important role
in finding a suitable
partner of the same
species; yet, little is
known about the
evolution and genetic basis of these
alluring smells.
They
responded
only when it was
combined with the
two original, or ancestral, scents.
In addition, females
from a closely related species, Nasonia giraulti, did
not distinguish between the new and
ancestral sex pheromones, regardless of
whether there were
two or three scents.
A team of researchers from Arizona
State University and
Germany
found
that one wasp species has evolved a
specific scent, or
pheromone, which
keeps it from mating with other species.
killed by Narasimha, an incarnation of Vishnu.
According to this belief, Hiranyakashipu’s own son, Prahlada,
was a devotee of Lord Vishnu.
In spite of several threats from
Hiranyakashipu, Prahlada continued offering prayers to Lord
Vishnu.
He was poisoned by Hiranyakashipu, but the poison turned to
nectar in his mouth.
He was ordered to be trampled
by elephants yet remained unharmed.
He was put in a room with hungry, poisonous snakes and survived.
All of Hiranyakashipu’s attempts
to kill his son failed. Finally, he
Prahlada readily accepted his father’s orders, and prayed to Lord
Vishnu to keep him safe.
When the fire started, everyone
watched in amazement as Holika
burnt to death, while Prahlada
survived unharmed.
The salvation of Prahlada and
burning of Holika is celebrated as
Holi.
The ritual of witch burning is also
present in other spring festivals,
like Walpurgis Night.
In Mathura, where Lord Krishna
grew up, the festival is celebrated
for 16 days (until Rangpanchmi)
in commemoration of the divine
love of Radha for Krishna.
The festivities officially usher in
spring, the celebrated season of
love.
In addition, they
discovered that the
genetic basis of the new scent is
simple, which allows the males
to change an existing scent into a
new one. Over time, the females
recognize
and use this new scent to distinguish their own species from others.
Scientists from ASU, the University of Regensburg, the Zoological Research Museum Alexander
Koenig Bonn, and the Technical
University Darmstadt in Germany, studied two species of the
parasitic wasp genus Nasonia to
learn about the evolution of sex
pheromones.
They asked, if male sex pheromones are used as unique mating
signals to attract females, and if
female wasps will not mate with
males that have different phero-
tain two elements except for one
species, Nasonia vitripennis,
which uses a novel third ingredient.
These tiny wasps, less than half
the size of a grain of rice, lay their
eggs in developing flies.
The two species in this study prefer laying their eggs in similar
types of flies and are found in the
same parts of the Eastern United
States, which means they have
many opportunities to choose the
wrong mate.
“We identified a gene in N. vitripennis that we thought was
responsible for its unique scent.
Then, we successfully conducted
an experiment to suppress that
gene, which actually changed the
composition of the sex phero-
first evolved.
Thus, the researchers concluded that
the N. vitripennis females did not
react to the third
component when it
Instead, they adapted to the new
smell over time and now it is an
integral part of the species-specific sex pheromone of N. vitripennis males.
This study is one of the few where
researchers have identified genes
that prevent a species from breeding with another
closely related species. The findings provide new insights into the
evolution of genes that contribute
to speciation, or the formation of
new species, as well as the evolution of diverse sex pheromones.
Scientists presented their findings
in an article published online in
the journal Nature. (ANI)
Page 15
Page 16
Human Heart Develops Slower Than Other Mammals
Researchers have created the first
comprehensive model of human
heart development using observations of living foetal hearts.
The results showed surprising
differences from existing animal
models.
Although scientists saw four
clearly defined chambers in the
foetal heart from the eighth week
of pregnancy, they did not find
organised muscle tissue until the
20th week much later than expected.
Developing an accurate, computerised simulation of the foetal
heart is critical to understanding
normal heart development in the
womb and, eventually, to opening
new ways of detecting and dealing with some functional abnormalities early in pregnancy.
Studies of early heart development have previously been largely based on other mammals such
as mice or pigs, adult hearts and
dead human samples.
The research team, led by scientists at the University of Leeds is
using scans of healthy foetuses in
the womb, including one mother
who volunteered to have detailed
weekly ECG (electrocardiography) scans from 18 weeks until
just before delivery.
This functional data is incorporated into a 3D computerised model
built up using information about
the structure, shape and size of
the different components of the
heart from two types of MRI
(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
scans of foetuses’ hearts.
Early results are already suggesting that the human heart may develop on a different timeline from
other mammals.
While the tissue in the walls of a
pig heart develops a highly organised structure at a relatively early
stage of a foetus’s development,
the researchers found that there
is little organisation of the human
heart’s cells until 20 weeks into
pregnancy.
A pig’s pregnancy lasts about
three months and the organised
structure of the walls of the heart
emerge in the first month of pregnancy.
The new study only detected similar organised structures well into
the second trimester of the human
pregnancy.
Human foetuses have a regular
heartbeat from about 22 days.
Dr Eleftheria Pervolaraki, Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Leeds’ School of Biomedical Sciences, said: “For a
heart to be beating effectively, we
thought you needed a smoothly
changing orientation of the muscle cells through the walls of the
heart chambers. Such an organisation is seen in the hearts of all
healthy adult mammals.
“Foetal hearts in other mammals
such as pigs, which we have been
using as models, show such an organisation even early in gestation,
with a smooth change in cell orientation going through the heart
wall. But what we actually found
is that such organisation was not
detectable in the human foetus
before 20 weeks,” she said.
Professor Arun Holden, also from
Leeds’ School of Biomedical Sciences, added: “The development
of the foetal human heart is on a
totally different timeline, a slower
timeline, from the model that was
being used before.
“This upsets our assumptions and
raises new questions. Since the
wall of the heart is structurally
disorganised, we might expect to
find arrhythmias, which are a bad
sign in an adult.
“It may well be that in the early
stages of development of the heart
arrhythmias are not necessarily
pathological and that there is no
need to panic if we find them.
Alternatively, we could find that
the disorganisation in the tissue
does not actually lead to arrhythmia,” Holden added.
The research was conducted by a
team including academics from
the University of Sheffield, University of Leeds, the University
of Edinburgh, the University of
Nottingham, and the University
of Manchester.
The finding has been published in
the Journal of the Royal Society
Interface Focus. (ANI)
Milky Way Grew By ‘Cannibalizing’ Other Smaller Galaxies
NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope
peered deep into the vast stellar
halo that envelops our Milky Way
galaxy and uncovered tantalizing
evidence for the possible existence of a shell of stars that are a
relic of cannibalism by our Milky
Way.
scope Science Institute (STScI) in
Baltimore, Md.
They also offer a new opportunity
for measuring the “hidden” mass
of our galaxy, which is in the
form of dark matter (an invisible
form of matter that does not emit
or reflect radiation).
Hubble was used to precisely
measure, for the first time ever,
the sideways motions of a small
sample of stars located far from
the galaxy’s center.
In a universe full of 100 billion
galaxies, our Milky Way “home”
offers the closest and therefore
best site for detailed study of the
history and architecture of a galaxy.
Their unusual lateral motion is
circumstantial evidence that the
stars may be the remnants of a
shredded galaxy that was gravitationally ripped apart by the Milky
Way billions of years ago.
A team of astronomers led by Alis
Deason of the University of California, Santa Cruz, and van der
Marel identified 13 stars located
roughly 80,000 light-years from
the galaxy’s center.
These stars support the idea that
the Milky Way grew, in part,
through the accretion of smaller
galaxies.
They lie in the Milky Way’s outer
halo of ancient stars that date back
to the formation of our galaxy.
“Hubble’s unique capabilities are
allowing astronomers to uncover
clues to the galaxy’s remote past.
The more distant regions of the
galaxy have evolved more slowly
than the inner sections.
Objects in the outer regions still
bear the signatures of events that
happened long ago,” said Roeland
van der Marel of the Space Tele-
The team was surprised to find
that the stars showed more of a
sideways, or tangential, amount
of motion than they expected.
This movement is different from
what astronomers know about
the halo stars near the Sun, which
move predominantly in radial orbits.
Deason and her team plucked
the outer halo stars out of seven
years’ worth of archival Hubble
telescope observations of our
neighboring Andromeda galaxy.
In those observations, Hubble
peered through the Milky Way’s
halo to study the Andromeda
stars, which are more than 20
times farther away.
The astronomers identified the
stars based on their colors, brightnesses, and sideways motions.
The halo stars appear to move
faster than the Andromeda stars
because they are so much closer.
Team member Sangmo Tony
Sohn of STScI identified the
halo stars and measured both
the amount and direction of their
slight sideways motion.
The stars move on the sky only
about one milliarcsecond a year,
which would be like watching a
golf ball on the Moon moving one
foot per month.
Nonetheless, this was measured
with 5 percent precision, made
possible in visible-light observations because of Hubble’s razorsharp view and instrument consistency.
Stars in the inner halo have highly
radial orbits. When the team compared the tangential motion of the
outer halo stars with their radial
motion, they were very surprised
to find that the two were equal.
Computer simulations of galaxy
formation normally show an increasing tendency towards radial
motion if one moves further out
in the halo.
These observations imply the opposite trend.
The existence of a shell structure in the Milky Way halo is one
plausible explanation of the researchers’ findings. Such a shell
can form by accretion of a satellite galaxy.
This is consistent with a picture in
which the Milky Way has undergone continuing evolution over
its lifetime due to the accretion of
satellite galaxies.
The team compared their results
with data of halo stars recorded in
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
Those observations uncovered a
higher density of stars at about
the same distance as the 13 outer
halo stars in their Hubble study.
A similar excess of halo stars exists across the Triangulum and
Andromeda constellations.
Beyond that radius, the number of
stars plummets.
Deason immediately thought the
two results were more than just
coincidence.
“What may be happening is that
the stars are moving quite slowly
because they are at the apocenter,
the farthest point in their orbit
about the hub of our Milky Way.
The slowdown creates a pileup of
stars as they loop around in their
path and travel back towards the
galaxy.
So their in and out or radial motion decreases compared with
their sideways or tangential motion,” Deason explained.
Shells of stars have been seen in
the halos of some galaxies, and
astronomers predicted that the
Milky Way may contain them,
too.
But until now there was limited
evidence for their existence. The
halo stars in our galaxy are hard
to see because they are dim and
spread across the sky.
Encouraged by this study, the
team hopes to search for more
distant halo stars in the Hubble
archive.
The Hubble study will appear in
an upcoming issue of the Astrophysical Journal. (ANI)
Page 16
Page 17
Kids With TV Addiction Likelier To Commit Crime
Children
and
adolescents who
watch a lot of television are more
likely to exhibit
antisocial
and
criminal behaviour as adults, according to a new
research
from
New Zealand.
The study by the
University
of
Otago followed a
group of around
1000
children
born in the New
Zealand city of
Dunedin in 197273.
Every two years between the ages
of 5 and 15, they were asked how
much television they watched.
Those who watched more televi-
Study co-author Associate Professor Bob Hancox of the Uni-
The study also found that watching more television in childhood
was associated, in adulthood,
with aggressive personality traits,
an increased tendency to experience negative emotions, and an
increased risk of antisocial personality disorder; a psychiatric
disorder characterised by persistent patterns of aggressive and
antisocial behaviour.
A study co-author, Lindsay Robertson, says it is not that chil-
sion were more likely to have a
criminal conviction and were also
more likely to have antisocial personality traits in adulthood.
versity’’s Department of Preventive and Social Medicine says he
and colleagues found that the risk
of having a criminal conviction
by early adulthood increased by
Stem Cell-Based Bioartificial Tissues
And Organs Being Developed
other fields, such as neurology.
A bioengineered stem cell-based
trachea, composed of both artificial and biological material, has
been successfully transplanted.
The aim is to make as much use
of the body’’s own healing potential as we can”, said Macchiarini,
Professor of Regenerative Surgery at Karolinska Institutet, and
responsible for the surgery.
Surgeon Paolo Macchiarini who
conducted the transplant is now
planning to use the technique
to recreate more complex tissues, such as the oesophagus and
diaphragm or organs such as the
heart and lungs.
He has also made an experimental attempt to regenerate brain in
mice and rats.
In June 2011, media all over the
world reported about a ground
breaking transplant, where a patient received an artificial trachea
covered in his own stem cells.
The result was an artificial windpipe with biological functions.
To date, five operations have been
carried out using this technique.
“We learn something from each
operation.
This means we can develop and
refine the technique.
We are also evaluating how we
can transfer our experiences to
about 30 percent with every hour
that children spent watching TV
on an average weeknight.
Using the technology, they also
plan to operate a 2 year-old girl in
the USA in March.
The girl was born without a trachea and has lived her entire
life in intensive care, where she
breathes through a tube placed in
the oesophagus and connected directly to the lungs.
Without a new trachea, she will
never be able to leave the hospital.
This will be the first time the procedure is conducted on a small
child.
In experimental trials on rats, the
research team has investigated the
possibility to replace brain matter
that has been damaged by serious trauma sustained from events
such as traffic accidents, gunshot
wounds or surgery.
The aim is to replace the lost
brain matter with a cultivated
stem cell based substance and in
turn, avoid neurological damage.
The experimental attempt that has
been conducted on rats and mice
has shown positive results.
On two occasions, severely injured patients with acute refractory lung failure received stem
cell based therapy showing immediate functional improvement.
It is also the first time the procedure will be conducted on an
individual without a trachea - as
previously, diseased organs have
been replaced.
Although both patients died as a
consequence of multi-organ failure, the result has provided the
first evidence that stem cell therapy can be a promising alternative
to restore function in certain damaged organs - without the need for
them to be removed and replaced
with healthy donor organs.
There are also plans to transplant
the oesophagus, an organ that is
more complex than a trachea as it
has muscles.
Macchiarini will be presenting
his work during his seminar at the
scientific AAAS Annual Meeting
in Boston. (ANI)
dren who were already antisocial
watched more television. “Rather, children who watched a lot of
television were likely to go on to
manifest antisocial behaviour and
personality traits.”
While we’’re not saying that television causes all antisocial behaviour, our findings do suggest
that reducing TV viewing could
go some way towards reducing
rates of antisocial behaviour in
society,” says Associate Professor
Hancox.
The study has been published online in the US journal Pediatrics.
(ANI)
Patients’ Own Bone Marrow Cells
Used In Bladder Regeneration
An Indian origin scientist and his
team have taken a new approach
to bladder regeneration by harvesting cells from a patient’’s
healthy bone marrow.
The Northwestern Medicine research, by lead author Arun K.
Sharma, research assistant professor in urology at Northwestern
University Feinberg School of
Medicine and colleagues, is an alternative to contemporary tissueengineering strategies.
The bone marrow cells are being used to recreate the organ’’s
smooth muscle, vasculature, and
nerve tissue.
“We are manipulating a person’’s
own disease-free cells for bladder
tissue reformation,” said Sharma,
a member of the Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine
and the Ann and Robert H. Lurie
Children’’s Hospital of Chicago
Research Center.
“We have used the spina bifida
patient population as a proof of
concept model because those patients typically have bladder dysfunction. However, this regeneration approach could be used for
people suffering from a variety
of bladder issues where the bone
marrow microenvironment is
deemed normal,” they said.
In end-stage neurogenic bladder
disease – an illness often associated with spinal cord diseases like
spina bifida – the nerves which
carry messages between the bladder and the brain do not work
properly, causing an inability to
pass urine.
The most common surgical option, augmentation cystoplasty,
involves placing a “patch” derived from an individual’’s bowel
over a part of the diseased organ
in order to increase its size. The
current “gold standard,” the procedure remains problematic because the bowel tissue introduces
long-term complications like the
development of electrolyte imbalance and bladder cancer.
Because Sharma’’s procedure
does not use bowel tissue, it offers the benefits of augmentation
without the association of longterm risks.
His technique combines stem and
progenitor cells from a patient’’s
bone marrow with a synthetic
scaffold created in the lab of
Guillermo Ameer, ScD, professor of biomedical engineering at
McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science and of
surgery at Feinberg. The scaffold
takes the place of the traditional
patch.
“We decided to use material that
has the ability to be tailored to
simulate mechanical properties
of the bladder,” said Sharma,
director of pediatric urological
regenerative medicine at Lurie
Children’’s.
“Using the elastomer created by
Dr. Ameer and the bone marrow
stem and progenitor cells, I believe that we have developed a
technique that can potentially be
used in lieu of current bladder
augmentation procedures. However, further study is needed,” he
concluded.
The research will be published in
the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences. (ANI)
Page 17
Star With Cool Atmospheric Layer
Similar To That Of Sun Identified
Washington, Feb 20 (ANI):
ESA’s Herschel space observatory has detected a cool layer in
the atmosphere of Alpha Centauri
A, the first time this has been seen
in a star beyond our own Sun.
The finding is not only important
for understanding the Sun’s activity, but could also help in the
quest to discover proto-planetary
systems around other stars.
The Sun’s nearest neighbours are
the three stars of the Alpha Centauri system. The faint red dwarf,
Proxima Centauri, is nearest at
just 4.24 light-years, with the
tight double star, Alpha Centauri
AB, slightly further away at 4.37
light-years.
Alpha Centauri B has recently
been in the news after the discovery of an Earth-mass planet in orbit around it.
But Alpha Centauri A is also very
important to astronomers: almost
a twin to the Sun in mass, temper-
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ature, chemical composition and
age, it provides an ideal natural
laboratory to compare other characteristics of the two stars.
One of the great curiosities in solar science is that the Sun’s wispy
outer atmosphere – the corona –
is heated to millions of degrees
while the visible surface of the
Sun is ‘only’ about 6000ºC. Even
stranger, there is a temperature
minimum of about 4000ºC between the two layers, just a few
hundred kilometres above the
visible surface in the part of Sun’s
atmosphere called the chromosphere.
Both layers can be seen during
a total solar eclipse, when the
Moon briefly blocks the bright
face of the Sun: the chromosphere
is a pink-red ring around the Sun,
while the ghostly white plasma
streamers of the corona extend
out millions of kilometres.
The heating of the Sun’s atmosphere has been a conundrum for
many years, but is likely to be related to the twisting and snapping
of magnetic field lines sending
energy rippling through the atmosphere and out into space – possibly in the direction of Earth – as
solar storms.
Why there is a temperature minimum has also long been of interest to solar scientists. Now, by
observing Alpha Centauri A in
far-infrared light with Herschel
and comparing the results with
computer models of stellar atmospheres, scientists have made the
first discovery of an equivalent
cool layer in the atmosphere of
another star.
“The study of these structures has
been limited to the Sun until now,
but we clearly see the signature
of a similar temperature inversion layer at Alpha Centauri A,”
Rene Liseau of the Onsala Space
Observatory, Sweden, and lead
author of the paper presenting the
results said.
“Detailed observations of this
kind for a variety of stars might
help us decipher the origin of such
layers and the overall atmospheric heating puzzle,” Liseau said.
Understanding the temperature
structure of stellar atmospheres
may also help to determine the
presence of dusty planet-forming
discs around other stars like the
Sun. (ANI)
Page 18
Coffee During
Pregnancy Could
Harm Unborn Babies
Pregnant women should avoid
drinking coffee because even a
single
cup of
it a day
could
h a r m
their
unborn
babies,
r e searchers have
warned.
T h e y
r e ported
in the
journal
B M C
Medic i n e
that caffeine
content
is linked to low birth weight and
prolonged pregnancies, according
to the Daily Express.
The researchers used information
They found that caffeine reduced
birth weight by 21g to 28g per
100mg consumed a day by mothers.
Caffeine
from
all
sources also
increased
the length
of the pregnancy
by
five hours
per 100mg a
day.
about almost 60,000 pregnancies
over 10 years.
(ANI)
But
caffeine intake
specifically
from coffee
was associated
with
eight hours
extra for every 100mg
per
day
consumed.
Secret Code Used To Bury Bad
News In Bible Uncovered
Using a new tool, researchers
have uncovered a secret code
used in Bible to sandwich bad
news between good news.
The opening and closing verses
of the book contain frequent mentions of life, whereas mentions of
death are only found in clusters in
the middle, the researchers said.
The text-analysis tool, called
Search Visualizer, represents
entire texts as a grid with each
square representing a word and
coloured squares representing
search keywords.
The new pattern emerged when
used to examine the words ‘’life’’
and ‘’death’’ in the King James
Version of Genesis, the Daily
Mail reported.
The team at Keele University,
UK, and Amridge University,
USA, noted that the discovery is
the first known use of a technique
known as ‘bracketing’, which
sandwiches one theme between
two mentions of another theme.
The technique is commonly used
today. Dubbed the ‘’Genesis
Death Sandwich’’, this pattern offers the first clear example of this
common rhetorical structure being used in the text describing the
creation of the universe.
“This is a significant discovery
for historians and theologians
interested in the Old Testament,
and shows that whoever wrote the
version of the text that has been
passed down to us was clearly
employing this rhetorical structure,” said Dr Gordon Rugg of
Keele University, who developed
a new tool for analysing texts.
Though the team are not sure if
the placement was done on purpose, they believe that the pattern
was used to soften the negative
messages of death, or perhaps to
juxtapose life and death for greater impact.
Dr Gordon Rugg from Keele University and Dr David Musgrave
from Amridge University, USA,
have also used Search Visualizer
to explore other significant texts
including the Iliad.
They have uncovered a pattern
in the text that provides new evidence supporting a theory that
one section, ‘The Catalogue of
Ships’, is in fact an older poem
incorporated into Homer’s epic
story.
Apart from exploring patterns in
historical texts and literature, the
new tool has a wide range of other potential applications.
It may be used to re-examine
cold-case police investigations by
analysing old witness statements
to identify correlating stories.
The software can also be used as
a new way of searching the web.
(ANI)
Page 18
Page 19
‘Happily’ Married Couples Healthier Than Unmarried Peers
Married people have better mental and physical health than their
unmarried peers and are less likely to develop chronic conditions
than their widowed or divorced
counterparts, according to a new
study.
A University of Missouri expert
said that people who have happy marriages are more likely to
rate their health as better as they
age; aging adults whose physical health is declining could especially benefit from improving
their marriages.
Christine Proulx, an assistant professor in the MU Department of
Human Development and Family
Studies, examined the long-term
relationship between self-rated
health and marital quality.
She found that, in all stages of
marriage, positive or negative relationships affect the individuals’
health.
Spouses should be aware that
how they treat each other and
how happy they are in their marriages affect both partners’ health,
and they should think more about
their personal relationships when
thinking holistically about their
health, she said.
“We often think about the aging
process as something we can treat
medically with a pill or more exercise, but working on your marriage also might benefit your
health as you age,” Proulx said.
“Engaging with your spouse is
not going to cure cancer, but
building stronger relationships
can improve both people’s spirits
and well-being and lower their
stress,” she noted.
Proulx suggested that health professionals consider patients’ personal relationships when designing health promotion programs or
treatment plans. Proulx analyzed
data from 707 continuously married adults who participated in the
Marital Instability Over the Life
Course panel study, a 20-year, nationwide research project started
in 1980 with funding from the Social Security Administration’s Office of Research and Statistics and
the National Institute on Aging.
Most study participants were
Caucasian, had more than high
school educations, and earned
more than 55,000 dollars in annual family income in 2000.
Because of these characteristics,
Proulx said that the participants
probably had some protection
against marital and health challenges more commonly faced by
people of different ethnicities or
with less education or income.
The study will be published in the
upcoming issue of the Journal of
Family Psychology. (ANI)
New Potential Drug Target For Cancer Identified
Scientists have identified a pivotal protein in a cellular transformation that makes a cancer cell more
resistant to treatment and more
capable of growing and spreading, making it an inviting new
target for drug development.
Additionally, the international
team led by scientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson
Cancer Center found the cancer
drug sunitinib potentially has a
new role in treating triple-negative, claudin-low breast cancer, a
particularly resistant version of a
type of cancer that is already difficult to treat.
“We found that FOXC2 lies at the
crossroads of the cellular properties of cancer stem cells and cells
that have undergone epithelial to
mesenchymal transition (EMT), a
process of cellular change associated with generating cancer stem
cells,” said senior author Sendurai Mani, Ph.D., assistant professor in MD Anderson’s Department of Translational Molecular
Pathology and co-director of the
Metastasis Research Center.
Cancer stem cells are fewer in
number than other tumor cells,
yet research has tied them to cancer progression and resistance to
treatment. Abnormal activation
of the epithelial to mesenchymal
transition can create cancer stem
cells, Mani noted.
“There are multiple molecular
pathways that activate EMT.
We found many of these pathways also activate FOXC2 expression to launch this transition,
making FOXC2 a potentially efficient check point to block EMT
from occurring,” Mani said.
Research uncovering this connection focused on cell line and
mouse model experiments. The
next important step will be to assess the expression and activity of
FOXC2 in human tumor samples,
he said.
In the meantime, sunitinib, known
commercially as Sutent and approved by the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration for three
other cancers, provides interesting, more immediate, potential.
“FOXC2 is a transcription factor,
a protein that binds to DNA in the
promoter region of genes to activate them.
For a variety of reasons, tran-
scription factors are hard to target
with drugs,” Mani said. The team
found that FOXC2 also regulates
the platelet derived growth factor
receptor (PDGFR-Beta).
In cancer cell lines, they found
that the PDGFR-Beta inhibitor sunitinib inhibited growth of
cells with EMT or cancer stem
cell properties that have active
FOXC2.
Mice with triple-negative breast
cancer treated with sunitinib had
smaller primary tumors, longer
survival, and fewer incidences
of metastasis. There also was a
steep drop in the cells’ ability to
form mammospheres, a hallmark
of cancer stem cells.
Mani said the team believes that
targeting FOXC2 pathway using
either PDGFR-beta inhibitors or
other yet-to-be-known smallmolecule inhibitors will be an
effective therapeutic strategy for
inhibiting EMT and consequently
reducing EMT/cancer stem cellassociated metastasis, relapse and
therapy resistance.
The study has been published
in the journal Cancer Research.
(ANI)
Men With
Wider, Shorter
Faces Likelier To
Make Racist
Remarks
The structure of a man’s face
may indicate his tendency to express racially prejudiced beliefs,
according to a new research.
Studies have shown that facial
width-to-height ratio (fWHR)
is associated with testosteronerelated behaviors, which some
researchers have linked with aggression.
But psychological scientist Eric
Hehman of Dartmouth College
and colleagues at the University
of Delaware speculated that these
behaviors might have more to do
with social dominance than outright aggression.
The researchers decided to examine the relationship between
fWHR and dominance in the specific context of racial prejudice.
They asked male participants
about their willingness to express
racially prejudiced beliefs and
about the pressure they feel to adhere to societal norms.
The results revealed that men
who have higher fWHR (determined from photos of their faces)
are more likely to express racist
remarks and are less concerned
about how others perceive those
remarks.
Importantly, these results did not
show that the men were necessarily more prejudiced — men with
greater fWHR did not score higher on measures that assessed implicit, or more automatic, racial
prejudice. Rather, these men were
simply more likely to express any
prejudicial beliefs they may have
had.
“Not all people with greater
fWHRs are prejudiced, and not
all those with smaller fWHRs are
non-prejudiced. You could think
about it as a ‘side effect’ of social
dominance — men with greater
fWHR may not care as much
about what others think of them,”
noted Hehman.
Results from a second study suggest that observers actually perceive and use fWHR when evaluating another person’s degree of
prejudice.
Looking at the photos from the
first study, a new group of participants evaluated men with wider,
shorter faces as more prejudiced,
and they were able to accurately
estimate the target’s self-reported
prejudicial beliefs just by looking at an image of his face. The
results were confirmed in a third
study.
The third study also showed that
non-White participants, whose
outcomes are more likely to be influenced by their race or ethnicity,
were more motivated to accurately assess targets’ prejudice.
This greater motivation, in turn,
was associated with increased accuracy.
The finding is consistent with the
idea that people allocate their attention to stimuli that can influence their outcomes.
Together, these three studies add
to a growing literature exploring
how people perceive and accurately infer personality
characteristics based on physical
appearance.
“This research provides the first
evidence for a facial metric that
not only predicts important and
controversial social behaviors,
such as reporting prejudices, but
can also be used by others to
make accurate judgments,” said
Hehman.
These studies may open up new
avenues of research; Hehman and
colleagues speculate that fWHR
may be linked with explicit prejudice on a number of different dimensions beyond race.
The study was published in Psychological Science, a journal of
the Association for Psychological
Science. (ANI)
Page 19
Page 20
Heavy Internet Users Can Have Withdrawal Symptoms Like Drug Abusers
London, February 18 (ANI)
Using the internet for long periods of time can cause withdrawal
symptoms similar to the ‘comedown’ experienced by drug users,
scientists have warned.
tests to find out their level of ad-
they were depressed.
Using the internet had a ‘striking’
impact on the positive mood of
those who were addicted to the
web, and their comedown was far
more pronounced than those who
used it less often, the research
noted.
Researchers found that spending
excessive periods of time surfing
the internet left people in ‘negative moods’ and, like drug addicts, when heavy internet users
go back on the web their negative moods lift, the Daily Mail
reported.
And these withdrawal symptoms
may promote a vicious cycle.
“The immediate negative impact
of exposure to the internet on
the mood of internet addicts may
contribute to increased usage
by those individuals attempting
to reduce their low mood by reengaging rapidly in internet use,”
the study said.
Our results show that around half
of the young people we studied
spend so much time on the net
that it has negative consequences
for the rest of their lives, said Professor Phil Reed, from the university’s psychology department.
The study, published in the international journal Plus One, was
carried out on 60 volunteers with
an average age of 25 at Swansea
University’s College of Human
and Health Sciences.
The researchers first gave volunteers a series of psychological
Early Humans Turned Their
Hairless Skin Into Canvases
To Look Attractive
About 1.5 to 2 million years ago,
early humans, who were regularly
on the move as hunters and scavengers, evolved into nearly hairless creatures to more efficiently
sweat away excess body heat,
but later they began to decorate
skin to increase attractiveness to
the opposite sex and to express,
among other things, group identity, according to a Penn State anthropologist.
Over the millennia, people turned
their skin into canvases of selfexpression in different ways, including permanent methods, such
as tattooing and branding, as well
as temporary ones, including cosmetics and body painting, according to the researcher, said Nina
Jablonski, Distinguished Professor of Anthropolog.
Jablonski said both males and females use forms of skin decoration to become more attractive to
the opposite sex.
Women, for example, may use
makeup to increase the size of
were tested again for mood and
levels of anxiety.
their eyes, a cue that is considered attractive in most cultures.
Males in some cultures also use
skin decoration as a way to bring
out facial features to appeal to
women, or to look more menacing and warrior-like.
diction to the internet, their mood,
their anxiety level and whether
They were told to browse the internet for 15 minutes, then they
Long, Low Intensity Exercise More Beneficial
Than Short, Intense Workouts
When the amount of calories ned
is the same, standing and walking
for longer stretches could actually
structed to sit for 14 hours each
day and not indulge in any form
of exercise; the second regime
required participants to sit for
13 hours each day and exercise
Jablonski said that she and other
researchers based their estimate
on when humans evolved hairless skin on the study of the fossil
record and an examination of the
molecular history of genes that
code proteins that help produce
skin pigmentation.
“We find a lot of evidence of
when humans began to lose hair
based on molecular genetics,”
said Jablonski.
While it is difficult to exactly say
when humans began to decorate
their skin, Jablonski said that
some of the earliest preserved
skin shows signs of tattooing.
Jablonski presented her finding at
the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Boston. (ANI)
The negative impact of excessive
internet use can be seen across a
wide range of aspects of the addict’s life. Internet addiction was
associated with long-standing
depression, impulsive non-conformity, and autism traits, it concluded. (ANI)
be better than high intensity exercise in improving cholesterol and
preventing diabetes, researchers
suggest.
vigorously for 1 hour; and in the
third, participants substituted six
hours of sitting with four of walking and two hours standing.
Hans Savelberg and colleagues
from Maastricht University, therlands recruited eighteen normalweight 19 to 24-year-old participants for their study and asked
them to follow three regimes.
After each regime, the researchers tracked each participant’’s
insulin sensitivity and blood lipid
levels, both of which can help
identify metabolic conditions like
diabetes and obesity.
In the first, participants were in-
The authors found that overall,
when participants followed the
strictly sedentary regimen they
burned over the course of the day
than in the other two routines,
which were roughly the same.
Cholesterol and lipid
levels improved slightly
when participants exercised vigorously for an
hour each day, but improved significantly when
participants were active
for longer periods at low
intensity
According to the study,
being active simply by
standing or walking for
long periods of time significantly improved insulin levels compared to
both a strictly sedentary
lifestyle, and one in which
participants were largely sedentary except for an hour of exercise
each day.
The study concludes that when
energy expenditure is equivalent,
longer durations of low-intensity
exercise may offer more benefits
than shorter periods of intense activity.
The study was recently published
in the open access journal PLOS
ONE. (ANI)
Page 20
Page 21
CHECK YOUR SIGN By Pandit Parashar
ARIES (March 21 to April 20):
Planets are gathered in house of
gains to help you
out this month.
Some of you will
will be making a
smooth switch to
another job. Its
high time to ask the boss for a
raise long overdue but only in
first two weeks other wise it will
be too late. You have good chances of hooking up with some one
from different culture.
TAURUS (April 21 to May 20):
You will continue to get help
from people in
power till March
15th. With a cool
and calm mind
you will be able
to resolve an issue involving a
property in dispute. Time in second half will bring many positive
changes in life. You will make
some useful contacts and people
in business will sign a few important contracts.
GEMINI (May 21 to June 20):
You will successfully launch a
big project you
had been working
on for quite some
time in second half
of March. New
strategy will be helpful in reducing financial pressure. You will
start working on a travel plan.
Children will be a source of happiness. You will become more
popular and gain new business
this month. Bank balance will
grow too.
CANCER (June 21 to July 22):
Combination of Sun, Mars and
Venus in house of
luck after march
15th is very helpful. So if possible
delay your career
and finances related matters till then. Things will
be kind of slow in first two weeks
and you may face obstacles. You
should hit some kind of financial
jackpot in second half of march.
LEO (July 23 to August 22): You
will accomplish a lot in first half
of March. This
could be the right
time to seek favors from government officials or
the boss. Some
one close will make unreasonable
demand and try to take undue advantage of your generosity in second half of March. You will benefit from some one lot younger in
age.
VIRGO (August 23 to September
22): You will benefit from a person from totally different culture.
Do not hesitate to grab the opportunity. You may be making a very
sound investment
in second half. Pay
attention to the
legal papers you
receive this month
and have proper
advice before you reply. You will
be called for second interview
this month.
LIBRA (September 23 to October
22): It will be in your best interest not to make
any big financial
commitments this
month.
People
in business will
spend more money
on advertising. It is another favorable month for job seekers or
those looking for a change closer
to home. Chances of an addition
in the family are very strong during the month.
SCORPIO (October 23 to November 22): Another fruitful
month for you.
Confidence level
will be on the peak
as you will keep
hitting the bulls
eye. For people in
jobs a big promotion on hold for
past few months will become a
reality in second half. Its good to
be ambitious but within legal pa-
High-Fibre Foods Contain More
Calories Than Labels Suggests
Some high-fibre foods, which are
sold as low in calories, may actually contain, in the extreme, up to
25 per cent more calories than the
label suggests, nutritional experts
have said.
It means that some high-fibre
foods targeted at people on a diet
are actually more fattening than
people are led to believe, said
Geoffrey Livesey, an independent
nutritionist based in Britain who
has advised the UN’s Food and
Agriculture Organisation.
Dr Livesey told the American Association for the Advancement of
Science meeting in Boston that
consumers have been unknowingly consuming extra calorie in
high-fibre food for decades be-
cause the system for assessing
calories goes back to the 1970s
and even earlier, according to the
Independent.
It means that if people follow the
daily recommended intake of 18
grams of fibre, they could be consuming more than 250 extra calories each week without realising
it, he said.
Food manufacturers and government agencies have consistently
misled consumers over many
years about the number of calories contained in food, said experts.
Government assessments about
the amount of energy in food assume that the caloric value is the
same whether the food it cooked
or raw, but scientists know that
raw food provides fewer calories
because the body expends energy
breaking it down, said Richard
Wrangham of Harvard University.
“There is a lot of misinformation
around calories, and it is crucial
for the consumer, whether they
are on a diet or not, to have the
correct information about what
they eat,” he told the meeting.
(ANI)
MEN
CAN
COOK
Email your recipe
with your photos
[email protected]
rameters. You will spend money
on upgrading a property.
SAGITTARIUS (November 23
to December 22): Addition in the
family that took
place recently will
bring good luck
and you will start
to notice that. Your
negotiations with a well reputed
company will continue to move
in right direction and the final
commitment can come any time
during march. You will make
some very useful contacts at the
get together.
CAPRICORN (December 22 to
January 19): You will finally have
a sigh of relief as
financial pressure
will disappear in
second half of
March. Mind may
still remain little uneasy because
of past pressure. You may be
working extra hours to meet the
pressure of deadline. You may
need to visit a court to obtain
some important papers in march.
AQUARIUS (January 20 to February 18): Expect some very favorable changes in
career this month.
Business will pick
up all of a sudden
and you will get
few major accounts. Any journey you go on will bring instant
rewards. You may also visit a
holy place with family. Some one
close will invite you to a party
at their place. Bank balance will
grow fast.
PISCES (February 19 to March
20): Do not take any chance with
government this
month. New colleague will impress
you but maintain
a distance. You
may spend money
on upgrading your home or buy
some nice furniture items. Children will need more money and
time from you. It will be better
to call a close friend and seek his
opinion about new offer.
Pandit Parashar
[email protected]
www.parashar.com
925-833-7170
Your Office Coffee Mug
Could Be Carrying
‘Colonies Of Germs’
Your office coffee mug you use for just about every beverage could
cause you to fall ill, says an expert.
People rarely take their office coffee mug home for washing and many
times they scrub it at the office with sponges and brushes that have
been used by everyone, making a home for bacteria.
In fact, Charles Gerba, Ph.D., a professor of environmental microbiology at the University of Arizona, told Mens Health that twenty percent
of mugs carry fecal bacteria, according to the Huffington Post.
“Colonies of germs are living in your favorite cup,” he told the magazine. So, cleaning your office cup is very important, said Gerba.
He suggests bringing your favorite cup home daily to be washed in a
dishwasher on the hottest temperature possible.
If you don’t have a dishwasher, then first fill the cup with hot water and
put a teaspoon of baking soda in it, letting it sit overnight. And then,
finally wash it in hot water as you normally would, said one user on
Mamapedia. (ANI)
Page 21
Riteish’s Balak Palak Coming
Soon In 15 Indian Languages
Bollywood
actor
Riteish
Deshmukh’s debut production
venture, Marathi film BALAK
PA L A K ,
based on curiosity about
sex
among
adolescents,
has been wellreceived by
the
masses
and
critics
alike. The film
also
swept
away
various awards at
‘Zee Gaurav
awards’
as
the film was
nominated in
15 categories.
Buoyed with
the recent success of BALAK
PALAK, the actor-turned-producer Riteish Deshmukh, a month
ago even shared his plans to re-
make the film in Hindi. But now,
it seems, the actor is so driven
with the overwhelming response
Page 22
Nirav Shoots Vijay
Yes, Nirav shoots Ilayathalapathy - ‘Thalaivaa’ is
certainly a big time
visual treat. Cinematographer Nirav Shah
has been the toughest pillar for all of AL
Vijay’s projects, right
from ‘Kireedom’, excepting only ‘Poi Solla
Poram’.
Can we forget how
satiating the visual
treat was in Ilayathalapathy’s
‘Pokkiri’?
Thanks to Nirav Shah
who is known for his
lighting sense; and in this flick, he
that he is planning to put it on a
larger scale by making it in 15
different Indian languages
Mr.Pellikoduku all Digital in USA
has adopted different lighting and
different theme setting.
colour scheme to go with each
The
team
has recently
screened a
couple
of
songs
in
grandeur of
Nirav. Fight
sequence
shot on the
busy roads
of Mumbai
have
also
come
out
well.
The
team will be
packing off
to a foreign country by March.
Simbu Sings For NTR’s Baadshah
It seems Simbhu is trying his luck in Telugu. Not as
an actor but as a singer. He has recently sung a power
mix song ‘Jagada Jagada’ for the movie ‘Back Bench
Student’.
The latest news is that he has been rendering his voice
for NTR and Srinu Vytla’s upcoming movie, Baadhshah.
He has sung the song ‘Diamond girl’ in the movie. The
movie has already creating buzz with Siddharth playing
a special role and Navadeep playing the villain.
Now the latest news adds some more flavour to it. Kajal Agarwal plays the female lead in the film and Thaman is the music director.
The audio of the movie releases on March 10th and the
film is set to release on April 5th. Bandla Ganesh Babu
produces the film under Parameswara Arts banner.
Full length comedy entertainer Mr.Pellikoduku is all set to release in
overseas on March 1 st with premiere shows on Feb 28th.
We are releasing this movie in about 50 screens all over USA which
is one of the biggest release of Sunil movies with all digital for best
possible upgraded audio and video experience.
Digital content is being uploaded to Los Angeles Quebe office and best
quality CRU drives will be shipped out to respective theaters on Mon/
Tue well in advance. Premiere shows will be screened in all the locations on Feb 28th at 8pm. Please keep checking for updated schedules
and theaters list which will be published soon.
Read South Asian
Online News
www. southasiannewspapers .com
Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna
Completes 100 Days!
Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna, a biopic starring Darshan, Jayaprada and Nikita Thukral in
lead roles, has completed 100 days.
Directed by Naganna, the films received positive response and has also bagged a huge collections.
There are reports that they are planning for a
huge success meet to celebrate the 100 days
completion.
SEATTLE
SOUTH
ASIAN
Page 22
I Me Aur Main
I Me Aur Main is an upcoming
Hindi film starring John Abraham
who plays the role of Ishaan - a
charismatic, good-looking music
producer from Mumbai.
He lives a sheltered existence, is
the centre of his
life, the apple
of his mother’s
(Zarina Wahib)
eye,
always
protected
by
his elder sister
Shivani (Mini
Mathur)
and
stays at his girlfriend Anushka’s (Chitrangda
Singh’s) house.
He takes them
all for granted!
One day his life
falls apart like a
house of cards.
At this point, his
new neighbour
Gauri
(Prachi
Desai)
comes
into his life and
from her he
learns the importance of relationships.
He starts taking initiatives to-
wards mending and maintaining
his past relationships.
Page 23
Santhanam Changes His Director!
Everybody knows comedy rules Kollywood. And Santhanam is undoubtedly the most powerful comedy actor in the industry and calls the shots. He decides whether he should do a superstar film or who directs him!
Ishaan begins to truly fall in love
with Gauri. There comes a point
when he has to make a choice
between his love that made him
Santhanam after turning producer with Kanna Laddu
Thinna Aasaya is now remaking the Telugu super hit
Maryada Raman.
Now the latest we hear is that he has replaced its original director Kannan with his choice Srinath who did
Muthirai
It is said PVP Cinemas the original right holders in
Telugu wanted to do the film on first copy basis with
Santhanam who is also playing the hero in the film.
Santhanam who is doing multiple projects wanted a director who will listen to him and also shoot at his convenience, hence he preferred Srinath.
Bhappi Lahari Launches Karupampatti Audio
a better person or being a better
person by taking responsibility
of the actions he has done in the
past.
Famous Bollywood music director Bhappi Lahiri launched the
audio of Tamil film Karupampatti, in Chennai. Bhappi da also
crooned a number called `Disco
Naughty Naughty Raja..` in the
film composed by Kannan.
ate of Shankar and stars Ajmal,
Aparna Bajpai and Archana play
the lead characters.
number `Disco Naughty Naughty
Raja...` from the film which drew
huge applause.
Ajmal
the
Karupampatti is directed by Prabhu Raja Cholan, a former associ-
Offended
‘Isaignani’
In the audio launch of Bharathiraja’s comeback, ‘Annakodiyum Kodiveeranum’, Ilayaraja was fired a
magazine of questions, which the
Isaignani is not quite happy about.
“All the questions that were shot
at me at the audio launch, should
have been asked to me in person.
Bharathiraja chose to ask me in
public, for he cannot stand my answers had it been otherwise” says
the old wise man.
Questions like why Ilayaraja is reluctant in joining hands with Vairamuthu and the likes, has irked him.
“Neither do I blow my trumpet, nor
do I point fingers at others like is
normally done in the society.
Bharathiraja compelled me to turn
up at the event and ended up insulting me. I shall choose to ignore it like I will consider a fool’s speech”
says the angered musician.
Trailer and two songs from the
film were shown at the launch.
Bappida as he is popularly known
took over the audio launch in his
inimitable style.
He said he does not normally
move around without bodyguards, but Chennai is a peaceful
place and South has always been
nice to him. Bappida sang the
hero of Karupampatti too was
present at the event, and he said
that the film will be a milestone
film for him.
He has three different get ups for
the film. Prabhu Raja Cholan,
said that he was taking a risky approach with some aspects of the
film.
Page 23
Page 24
Page 24

MAR `2013 - Seattle South Asian

Transcription

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