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Tree Sale Species Sneak Peek
Tree Sale Species Sneak Preview January 26, 2016 Goals for today Sneak preview of 2016 tree sale species Plan in advance of the online “go live” date (Feb.8th) Learn tree features & benefits Endear you to qualities of the non “door buster” trees Gear up for spring Considerations when choosing a species and a planting location • Tree planting and care tips • Share what is new this year: Exclusive online ordering, a new Woodland Trio and a Conifer duo! • • • • • • Tree Sale – who has participated before? • Who has participated? • Who has been to the Sneak Preview before? • Did you plant trees before the sale? • Who has lost trees (died) purchased through sale and not sure why? • Who has used the info provided on web? • Every year we get good questions…hope this increases your odds & success • Make sure to grab a survey! Tree Sale FAQ • Most trees are limited in quantity – City orders the summer prior to the sale – Woodland Trios, Conifer duo, etc.… – Many sell out in the first couple days, and weeks Tree Sale FAQ • Trees must be planted in Minnetonka at the address listed • Homeowners assn – must be pre-approved by forester, contact via email or phone • Two trees per property, residents with multiple properties must place separate orders • Only one woodland trio or conifer duo per property owner due to limited quantities • No refund for trees that die, you buy this at a retail nursery Online Ordering • Go to eminnetonka.com – http://www.eminnetonka.com/communityforestry/tree-sale – There will be direct link on the home page from February 8th-March 7th – OR Public Works 7:30am-3:30pm (11522 Mtka Blvd) – Cannot take CC over phone or at city hall • Click link to "Order Trees" hosted by Tree Trust (will go live on February 8th at 9:00am) • Staff available to help at Public Works – 7:45am-9:00am February 9th-March 7th – 1:00pm-2:00pm February 8th- March 7th Online Ordering Order in winter (by March 7th), pick up May 1st and 2nd • Look at descriptions of tree species • Choose tree species • Make an account (different than account for eminnetonka.com) • Check out and pay with PayPal or credit/debit card • Will get two emailed receipts shortly after order • Will get mailed notification about 2 weeks before the pick up days How does this build the community forest? • • • Almost 18,000 elms & 1,000 oaks removed since 2004 Replant in advance of EAB and diversify: 12,592 trees sold + 1,000 more 2016 How many ash does your association or yard contain? Ash Identification Compound leaves with 511 leaflets Diamond patterned bark Oar-shaped seeds Opposite branching, leaves, and buds Why can’t you just keep ordering more of the most popular trees? 10-20-30 Guideline • Less than 30% of any Family (ex: Fagaceae Oaks and Beeches) • Less than 20% of any Genus (ex: Quercus Oaks) • Less than 10% of any Species (ex: Bur Oak) • Diversify to protect the city’s forest and decrease impacts of future tree diseases and pests on individuals and the community Tree Diversity - Minnetonka Tree Diversity - Minnetonka Parks Tree Diversity - Minnetonka ROWs Managing Tree Sale Diversity Genus of Tree Tree Sales from 2007-2014 by Genus Viburnum Ulmus Tsuga Tilia Thuja Syringa Quercus Pinus Ostrya Malus Larix Juniperus Gymnocladus Gleditsia Ginkgo Crataegus Cornus Cercis Celtis Carpinus Betula Amelanchier Acer Abies 125 120 483 365 210 420 1786 455 230 658 215 150 128 50 221 195 565 570 601 282 1050 800 1772 150 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Trees sold 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Find the right tree for the site conditions in your yard • • • • • • • Soil & drainage Sun availability Microclimates Space and utilities Energy savings Maintenance needed Aesthetics/personal preference Match Tree & Soil • Volume – Roots grow out not down – will spread out as far as they can – Root growth restricted under structures, driveways, sidewalks, and may cause damage • Salt spray and salt accumulation • Texture and Drainage – Clay soils with poor drainage: Choose a wet-tolerant tree species. – Sandy soils drain quickly and nutrients are leached: Choose a drought tolerant tree. • Do not add materials (peat, sand, etc.) – Wide hole • U of MN Soil Test: How to Submit Samples for Analysis - Soil Testing Laboratory • pH – <4.8, select a tree tolerant of acidic soil – >7.2, select a tree tolerant of alkaline soil (most of Minnetonka) Full Sun, Partial Sun, or Shade? Diagram by Ed Gilman Full Sun: 6 or more hours direct sunlight per day. ( could be four hours in the morning, shade mid day, and four hours in the afternoon) Partial Sun or Partial Shade: A fine line differentiates the two. • Partial sun means less than fun sun, 4-6 hours of sun a day. • Partial shade means the amount of sun is less than partial sun, but more than shade, so ~ 2-4 hours of sun per day. Shade: Shade by definition is lack of sunlight, less than ~ two hours of sunlight a day. Microclimates Photos by Ed Gilman The Planting Site – Look Around! Photos by Ed Gilman Planting Guidelines Tree branches will be pruned to provide clearance 20’ from the road surface. Dead branches or hangers will be removed when they hang over the road. The right-of-way extends at least 6 feet from the edge of the street/curb. The city may use this easement to store snow and maintain sightlines along the road way. Planting Guidelines PLANTING DISTANCES TO KEEP IN MIND: • *WATER & FIRE HYDRANTS: At least 10-15’ away (marked in blue paint) • *GAS: At least 5-10’ away (marked in yellow paint) • STREET LIGHTS: At least 20-25’ away depending on size of street light. • ROAD EDGE: Deciduous trees at least 15’ to prevent conflict with snow storage and maintenance issues. No evergreens planted within 20’ of road edge due to sightline issues, growth form and pruning challenges near the road. • CORNER: Nothing over 2.5’ height is allowed to obstruct views within 25’ of the corner of the pavement (for sightline/safety) Refrain from planting evergreens within 20 feet of the road edge and deciduous trees within 15 feet of the road edge to plan for mature size. Refrain from planting evergreens within 20 feet of the road edge and deciduous trees within 15 feet of the road edge to plan for mature size. Maximum height of plant material in this corner is 2 ½ feet. • STOP SIGNS: At least 25’ away. Do not block the sign; you may offset the tree from the sign (No evergreens or small spreading trees such as crabapples, and plan for its mature size before planting near a stop sign) • OVERHEAD WIRES & TRANSFORMER (ELECTRIC): There are specific criteria. (marked in red paint) Call Xcel Energy for guidelines or go to their website for diagrams: http://www.xcelenergy.com/Safety_&_Education/Yard_Safety/Vegetation_Management • PROPERTY LINES: Be sure to give the tree room so that its MATURE canopy will be entirely on your property. Do not restrict a neighbor’s free use of their yard. Examples from around town Conifers in the road Water shut off valves buried in tree roots/stems Match the Tree’s Growth Habit to the Space Examples Planting for Energy Savings • Deciduous trees on east and west • Conifers on the north and northwest • Do not plant conifers on south side Diagram and more information: www.dnr.state.mn.us/treecare/energy/index.html Maintenance to be Provided Desirable Attributes Photos by Ed Gilman Undesirable Attributes Time Check Large Shade Trees - 2016 • • • • • • American Basswood (Frontyard Linden) Ginkgo (‘Autumn Gold’) Hackberry Honeylocust (Sunburst) *New* Kentucky Coffeetree White Oak Small Ornamental or Understory Woodland Trees - 2016 • Hawthorn (Toba) *New* • Ironwood • Japanese Tree Lilac Woodland Trios - 2016 • Woodland Trio *New* What is a Woodland Trio? • A mix of three #2 gallon or #5 gallon trees/shrubs • It is considered one “unit” equivalent to one larger tree Conifer - 2016 • Norway Spruce Duo *New* A caveat on growth rates & life spans listed – just a general rule of thumb • Zone & growing season • Soil conditions • Available water • Available sun • Competition (trees, turf, shrubs) • Cultivated variety vs. seed grown • Stressors –drought, construction, etc. American Basswood (Frontyard Linden) Tilia americana Fall Color is yellow with some orange & brown breaking through later American Basswood (Frontyard Linden) • Mature Height – 60-75’ (smaller than native) • Mature Spread – 40 (more narrow than native) • Light Required – Full Sun to Shade • Canopy Shape – Pyramidal to rounded • Fall Color – Yellow • Container Size – 10 gal American Basswood (Frontyard Linden) •Also called American linden •Related to popular European cultivated variety – Little leaf Linden •Pollen & nectar good for pollinators, such as honeybees American Basswood • Species native to Minnetonka, cultivated “clone” • Found in maple-basswood forests, lowland sites that are well drained (no standing water but can tolerate periodic flooding) • Good for wetland/lake/stream edge • Can also thrive in upland dry sitesfront yards • SENSITIVE to road salt spray and soil salt (no busy streets) • Formative prune & do not plant too Deep • Growth rate – medium to fast (13-24”) Ginkgo ‘Autumn Gold’ Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo • Mature Height – 50’ • Mature Spread – 30’ • Light Required – Full Sun • Canopy Shape – Pyramidal, symmetrical • Fall Color – Yellow • Container Size – 10 gal Ginkgo • Variety: Autumn Gold • Often called “living fossils” because the fossil records indicate it has been on earth for over 200 million years • It is often planted in tough urban sites, can tolerate poor soils (salt, drought, compaction, high pH) • Resistant to insect and disease attacks • It is slower growing, but extremely long lived with specimens in China as old as 3,000 years old • The ‘Autumn Gold’ selection is male (produces no fruit) • Unique branch structure • Growth rate –slow then medium (less than 12” per year to 12-23” per year) Hackberry Celtis occidentalis Hackberry • Mature Height – 50-75’ • Mature Spread – 50’ • Light Required – Full to Partial Sun • Canopy Shape – Oval • Fall Color – Yellow • Container Size – 10 gal Hackberry •In same family as Elm and many similarities but no DED •Vase-shaped mature canopy •Not a “showy” tree, but an excellent shade tree •Interesting warty bark turns scaly as ages •Fruit for winter birds – Robins, Cedar Waxwings •generally not messy – remains on tree until eaten •Fruit green in summer turns maroon Sept, stays on tree until winter Hackberry • Native to Minnetonka • Found in lowland hardwood forests, floodplains, high tolerance to spring flooding, filling gaps from elms • Good for wetland/lake/stream edge • Can also thrive in upland dry sites –front yard (drought resistant) • Long lived – up to 200 years • Growth rate – medium to fast (13-24”+/year) Honeylocust (Sunburst) Honeylocust Pods T. Davis Sydnor, The Ohio State University, Bugwood.org Honeylocust Thorns T. Davis Sydnor, The Ohio State University, Bugwood.org Honeylocust bark Vern Wilkins, Indiana University, Bugwood.org Photo courtesy of Bailey Nurseries Honeylocust (Sunburst) Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis ‘Suncole’ Mature Height – 35’ Mature Spread – 30-35’ Light Required – Full Sun Canopy Shape – Irregularly rounded Fall Color – Golden yellow Container Size – 10 gal Honeylocust (Sunburst) • Native to far SE tip of MN • Found in floodplains/moist fertile bottomlands • Well developed root system allows it to thrive on upland dry sites – front yard (drought resistant) and lowland/moist sites • Flowers food for bees, this cultivar doesn’t produce seeds so little wildlife value to deer, rabbits, etc. • Average life span 60-70 years • Growth rate – medium to fast (1324”+/year) Honeylocust (Sunburst) • Cultivated clone, selected for yellow foliage • Pinnately-compound, many small leaflets produce a dappled shade “airy” canopy • Tolerant of salt in soil & spray, compacted soil, pollution • Watch for spider mites & borers (Sunburst can be more susceptible to mites, so allow for predators, minimize pesticide use if possible) • Honey=sweet substance in pods Kentucky Coffeetree Gymnocladus dioica Kentucky Coffeetree • Mature Height – 50-60’ • Mature Spread – 40-50’ • Light Required – Full Sun • Canopy Shape – Open, Spreading • Fall Color – Yellow • Container Size – 10 gal • Last tree to leaf out in spring and first tree to drop leaves in fall Kentucky Coffeetree •Awkward and slow growing until established ~5 years •Will look like a stick at first •Plant to compliment other trees •Most related living relativehoneylocust Delicate leaves create dappled shade November Oakland Rd Trail Kentucky Coffeetree Native to parts of southern MN Uncommon/rare where it occurs Most often terraces of MN & Miss. Rivers Upland moist /dry sites –front yard (drought resistant) Is either male or female No animal in range known to eat pods or disperse seeds within ~ theory animal evolved to disperse extinct near Pleistocene 13,000 yrs ago (no real wildlife benefit, no browsing) • Shallow platy fissures in bark • Can reproduce/spread by suckering – stems from roots (clone) • Growth rate – slow (less than 12”) until established, then medium (12-24”) • • • • • • White Oak Quercus alba White Oak • Mature Height – 60-80’ • Mature Spread – 60-80’ • Light Required – Full Sun • Canopy Shape –Irregularly rounded & spreading • Fall Color – Purple-red (some variation) • Container size – 10 gal White Oak • Native to Minnetonka • Purported to have a slightly faster growth rate than bur oak (still slow-medium 1224”) • Among longest-lived oaks, 500-600 on excellent sites • Best wildlife tree (tie with bur oak) White oak woodland Vern Wilkins, Indiana University, Bugwood.org White Oak • Sensitive to flooding • Prefers a moist well drained soil, keep mulched in a yard setting • Drought resistant once established • Good tree for wooded edge or opening • Cannot survive prolonged shade 5 minute break • When we continue: – Small Ornamental or Understory trees – Woodland Trio – Conifer Duo – Planting and Care – Questions Hawthorn (Toba) Crataegus x modensis ‘Toba’ Hawthorn (Toba) • Mature Height – 12-15’ • Mature Spread – 12’ • Light Required – Full Sun to Partial Sun • Canopy Shape – Upright, Rounded • • Fall Color – Insignificant • Container Size – 10 gal Hawthorn (Toba) • Introduced by Morden Research Station of Manitoba, Canada and very hardy • Fragrant large double white flowers turn pink, timing is mid-spring • Bears 1/2” red fruit in early/late fall • Twisted trunk provides winter interest, only 4’clearance • Grows in a wide range of soil types – dry & moist but does not like standing water • Avoid “overhead” watering with sprinkler • Does have thorns 1-3” long – best as a feature in a low-use area without small kiddos • Lifespan is about 40 years old • Growth rate – medium (12-24” per year) Ironwood Ostrya virginiana Ironwood • Mature Height – 30-50’ • Mature Spread – 25’ • Light Required – Full Sun to Shade • Canopy Shape – Pyramidal • • Fall Color – Golden yellow • Container Size – 10 gal Ironwood Native to Minnesota Also known as Hophornbeam Retains its leaves after autumn Unique hop like fruit offers winter interest Excellent replacement for buckthorn in woods Provides a limited amount of food for wildlife Grows in a wide range of soil types Can reproduce through stump sprout Relatively free of pests and diseases Very tough wood Tough resilient branches resistant to wind, snow, and ice damage • Makes good fuel wood and handles for tools • Growth rate – slow (less than 12” per year) • • • • • • • • • • • Japanese Tree Lilac Syringa reticulata Japanese Tree Lilac • Mature Height – 25’ • Mature Spread – 15’ • Light Required – Full Sun • Canopy Shape – Oval, compact • Fall Color – Insignificant • Flowers – White – July • Container Size – 10 gal Japanese Tree Lilac • Single stem – not a clump • Not native, but well-adapted to MN • Able to tolerate some of the worst soils (salty, dry, compact) • Large crème-colored flowers in July • Glossy golden bark • Plant in full sun for best flower development • Medium growth rate (13-24”/year) • Lifespan 10-50 years depending on site conditions Woodland Trio • Will include 1 of each of the following: – 1 #5 Purpleleaf American hazelnut (grown from seed) – 1 #2 Gray dogwood – 1 #5 Nannyberry • Container size – 2 or 5 gal • Perfect for buckthorn replacement in naturalized plantings or woodland edges • Plant in canopy openings providing sun, or on a woodland edge • Need sun for best flower and fruit development • You must protect young plants with welded wire caging Woodland Trio Bailey Select Purpleleaf American hazelnut Nannyberry Gray dogwood Woodland Trio Tidbits • • Purpleleaf American Hazelnut (Corylus americana ‘Purpleleaf Bailey Select’) – Mature height: 6-8’ and Spread: 6-8’ – Rounded form – Burgundy fall color – Edible nuts, clusters of 2-4 – Grown from seed Gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa) – • Mature height: 6-8’ and Spread: 5-6’ – Purple fall color – White berries – MN seed source Nannyberry (Viburnum lentago) – Mature height: 20’ and Spread: 6-10’ – Upright vase-shaped – Purple-red fall color – White flowers in May (smell amazing) – Purple berries for birds Photo courtesy of Prairie Restorations http://www.prairieresto.com Norway Spruce Duos Picea abies Photos taken in Minnetonka and near Red Wing, MN Norway Spruce • Mature Height – 40-80’ • Mature Spread – 25-30’ • Light Required – Full Sun • Canopy Shape – Pyramidal • Fall Color – Green • Container Size – #5 Photo taken at Villa Maria near Red Wing, MN Norway Spruce Duos • Includes two 2’ trees • European species but very hardy and disease resistant • Cones 4-6” • Moist sandy or loamy soil best but well drained clay OK • Fastest growing spruce Photo taken at Villa Maria near Red Wing, MN Trees For Shade Shade • American Basswood • Ironwood Partial Shade • • • • • American Basswood Hackberry White oak Hawthorn Woodland Trio Flowering Trees (showy) • Hawthorn • Japanese lilac • Woodland Trio Trees for wetland/pond/creek edge • Hackberry – lowland hardwood forest, moist site not standing water • Honeylocust • American Basswood – lowland hardwood forest, moist site not standing water Fabulous Fall Color • • • • • • Ginkgo (yellow) Honeylocust (yellow) Kentucky coffeetree (yellow) White oak (red-purple) Woodland trio Ironwood (golden yellow) Trees to improve your backyard (upland) woodland – post buckthorn Over story “Canopy” Layer: • Hackberry • American Basswood • White oak Understory “Sub-Canopy” Layer (where buckthorn usually lives) • Ironwood • Woodland trio Trees to improve your backyard (lowland) woodland ~ usually filled with boxelder, cottonwood, elm, and ash • Hackberry – Associated w/ elms, ash, start of upland sites • American Basswood • Honeylocust Trees for Tough Sites • Hackberry – Poor drainage, compacted, droughty • Kentucky Coffeetree (no insects/disease) – Droughty, compacted, some salt • Ginkgo (no insects/disease) – Salt tolerant, droughty compacted soil, high pH • Hawthorn • Japanese tree lilac • Norway spruce Bird Magnets/Wildlife Food • • • • • Hackberry (fruit) White oak (acorns & caterpillars) American Basswood (pollen and nectar) Ironwood (fruit) Woodland trio (fruit, flowers) Time check Selecting a Nursery Tree • Vigorous tree - good twig extension and healthy leaves • Look for good branch spacing and trunk taper • Even foliage distribution through upper 2/3 • Strong central leader • Branches should be spreading, not upright • Avoid mechanical damage, especially on trunk • Inspect tree for disease or pests • Examine root ball and avoid circling, dried, or discolored roots Tree Selection & Planting • Decide on tree species, then ensure you are a savvy tree-consumer • Natural resources division staff check trees coming from nursery- we help you with selection by selecting only the best! • Some light pruning may be done if time permits • You are 100% in charge of planting (Owen’s tree) Containerized Trees • • • • Pros Easy to transport Relatively inexpensive Can be planted any time of year Smaller trees establish faster – Rule of thumb: 1 year transplant shock for each inch in caliper, so a 1” tree= 1 year of root growth before you can expect to see any branch elongation/stem growth Cons • May be more susceptible to circling roots if container grown • Root system only as big as the container Living your life in a container is not “normal” Well, I’m not planting the tree, someone else is… • Don’t assume it is getting done right because you hired a professional company • Sometimes the right training and information doesn’t “trickle down” • If you are an educated consumer, you will know what to look for from now on! Planting the Tree 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Safety First – underground utilities and obstructions need to be located Pay attention to the roots! Locate top root and treat any root defects – with container trees best to do the “box cut” Dig the hole – wide and shallow based on the box-cut root ball’s height and width Position the tree in the hole and remove synthetic materials Backfill the planting hole (same soil) Water as you back fill Add mulch (no fertilizer) IF NECESSARY, stake and prune dead or damaged branches Gopher State One Call Underground utilities should ALWAYS be marked before planting. Contact Gopher State One Call at 651-454-0002 or http://www.gopherstateonecall.org/ at least 2 business days before you plan to dig. Locate Top Root Correct Root Defects Left on their own, circling roots can cause problems like this. . . Planting the Tree, Cont. Only You Can Prevent Stem Girdling Roots (SGRs) http://www.myminnesotawoods.umn.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2009/12/sgr-book.pdf • Measure the distance from the top root to the bottom of the root ball. Dig hole 90-95% of that distance; it is fine for 5-10% of the root ball to be above the landscape grade. • Do NOT add soft fill to the bottom of the hole; settling will occur after the tree is placed in the hole. • The hole should be 2-3 times as wide as the root ball. • Taper the sides of the hole; most vigorous root growth occurs at the surface. Planting Photos by Ed Gilman Planting Photos by Ed Gilman • Handle tree by the root ball or container, not the trunk! • Remove plastic and/or fabric from ball Top root is at grade; take care not to plant too deep. Soil is loose, but moderately packed. Photos by Ed Gilman Water the tree - add soil if necessary, but do not over-pack, which can cause too much compaction. Care After Planting • Proper watering is key • Rule of thumb is 1” of rainfall OR supplemental water per week – plan to watch closely for at least 3 years • Slow, gentle soaking of root zone • Monitor moisture level of root ball as well as surrounding soil • Do not allow excess water to accumulate in the planting hole • Adjust watering practices for the soil type and drainage (what does this mean?) Watering Helpers • • • • • • Gator Bags Soaker hoses Rain barrels dedicated Hose on lowflow Timer hooked up to soakers NO SPRINKLERS Mulch • • • • • • • • Do apply mulch under tree 2-4” of mulch Do NOT mound against trunk Reduces competition from weeds and grasses Conserves soil moisture Do not line mulch bed with plastic Gently turn/rake mulch each spring – to remove “crust” that forms making it sometimes repel water Reapply every couple years- this is a good thing! It means your soil is being improved as the mulch breaks down Mulch Mulch When planting on a slope: be sure to create a soil and mulch berm on the downward side to help contain the water close to the tree root system Turf competes with tree roots, limiting its access to water and nutrients. NO! “VolcanoMulching” traps moisture against the trunk and doesn’t allow water and air to reach the roots trapped beneath the mound. Staking: Should I or Shouldn’t I? • Don’t stake if you don’t need to; staked trees tend to – Have a smaller caliper trunk – Have less trunk taper – Have a less developed root system – Be prone to breakage when stakes are removed http://artistic-arborist.com Staking: Should I or Shouldn’t I? • Staking may be necessary if – The tree was grown in loose soil – It is a large tree – It is a windy site – It is an oak (rubbery) BAD! • Staking may be recommended to – Reduce movement of the root ball – Protect against vandalism and mechanical damage Single Stake • Place on upwind side of tree (spring/summer winds) • Do not allow stake to be placed where it may damage the root system (outer edge of root ball is ideal) •This is most common type needed with tree sale trees Above and to right- not ideal staking! Double or Triple Staking • Equal spacing around tree •Use as few stakes as possible •Use broad, smooth, flexible material to attach stakes to tree Photos/diagrams by Ed Gilman Stake Properly & Remove Promptly Photos by Ed Gilman Care After Planting, Cont. Transplant Shock • Due to loss of roots, trees access to water and nutrients is limited • Some is normal • Signs of shock include: – Leaf scorch – Leaf drop – Stunted growth Care After Planting • Limit pruning until tree is established • Do NOT prune to compensate for root loss • Until established, remove only diseased, damaged, or broken limbs • Once established, it is desirable to begin a structural pruning program to encourage proper branch structure and form Care After Planting • Use tree wrap with extreme caution • Commonly used to protect against temperature fluctuations, sunscald, and insects • Reality is wrap may amplify temperature fluctuations, and retains moisture which can attract insects and promote fungal problems • If used, prompt removal is essential Care After Planting • Tree guards may be used to protect young trunks from mechanical damage. If used, must be loose fitting and allow air circulation. More Tree protection ideas Just say no to… Rocks and edging Black plastic placed to restrict weed growth girdled the stem of this tree and killed it Questions? Emily Ball City Forester | ISA Certified Arborist # MN-4284A [email protected] 952-988-8421
