Art Before History PDF
Transcription
Art Before History PDF
Prehistoric Art William V. Ganis, PhD Dating Conventions and Abbreviations B.C.=before Christ B.C.E.=before the Common Era A.D.=Anno Domini (the year of our Lord) C.E.=Common Era c. or ca.= circa C.=century Pebble resembling a human face from Makaspansgat South Africa ca. 3,000,000 B.C.E. reddish brown jasperite approximately 2 3/8 in. wide Paleolithic Art Apollo 11 Cave Namibia ca. 23,000 B.C.E. charcoal on stone 5 in x 4 3/4 in. Human with Feline Head from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany ca. 30,000-28,000 B.C.E. mammoth ivory 11 5/8 in. high Human with Feline Head from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany ca. 30,000-28,000 B.C.E. mammoth ivory 11 5/8 in. high Venus of Willendorf from Willendorf, Austria ca. 28,000-25,000 B.C.E. limestone 4 1/4 in. high Woman of Lespugue from cave of Les Rideaux, France ca. 20,000 B.C.E. mammoth ivory 5 3/4 in. high Various European “Venus” figures Woman of Laussel from a cave in Laussel, Dordogne, France ca. 25,000-20,000 B.C.E. painted limestone approximately 18 in. high Bison reliefs from a cave at Le Tuc d’Audoubert, Ariége, France ca. 15,000-10,000 B.C.E. clay each approximately 2 feet long Figure 1-8 Bison with turned head, fragmentary spearthrower, from La Madeleine, France, ca. 12,000 BCE. Reindeer horn, 4” long. 19 Altamira Cave paintings Santander, Spain ca. 12,000-11,000 B.C.E. pigment on stone Figure 1-9 Bison, detail of a painted ceiling in the cave at Altamira, Spain, ca. 12,000–11,000 BCE. Each bison 5’ long. 23 Pech-Merle Cave paintings Lot, France ca. 22,000 B.C.E. pigment on stone Figure 1-10 Spotted horses and negative hand imprints, wall painting in the cave at Pech-Merle, France, 26 ca. 22,000 BCE. 11’ 2” long. Figure 1-11 Hall of the Bulls (left wall) in the cave at Lascaux, France, ca. 15,000–13,000 BCE. Largest bull 11’ 6” long. 27 Lascaux Cave paintings Lascaux, Dordogne, France ca. 15,000-13,000 B.C.E. pigment on stone Figure 1-13 Rhinoceros, wounded man, and disemboweled bison, painting in the well of the cave at Lascaux, France ca. 15,000 – 13,000 BCE. Bison 3’ 8” long. 32 Chauvet Cave paintings Vallon-Pont-d’Arc, Ardèche, France ca. 30,000-28,000 B.C.E. pigment on stone 35 ca. Figure 1-12 Aurochs, horses, and rhinoceroses, wall painting in Chauvet Cave, Vallon-Pont-d’Arc, France, 30,000–28,000 or ca. 15,000–13,000 BCE. Mammoth bone dwelling from Ukraine ca. 16,000-10,000 B.C.E. Neolithic Art Great Stone Tower of Settlement Wall Jericho, Israel/Gaza ca. 8,000-7,000 B.C.E. Human Skulls with Restored Features from Jericho, Israel/Gaza ca. 7,000-6,000 B.C.E. skulls, plaster, shells Human figure From Ain Ghazal, Jordan ca. 6,750-6,250 B.C.E. plaster, painted and inlaid with cowrie shell and bitumen Figure 1-16 Restored view of a section of Level VI, Çatal Höyük, Turkey, ca. 6000–5900 BCE (John Swogger). 45 Çatal Höyük Turkey ca. 6,000-5,900 B.C.E. Deer Hunt detail of a wall painting from Level III Çatal Höyük, Turkey ca. 5,750 B.C.E. Çatal Höyük Turkey ca. 6,000-5,900 B.C.E. Landscape with Volcanic Eruption Çatal Höyük, Turkey ca. 6150 watercolor copy of a wall painting Figures of Man and Woman From Cernavoda, Romania ca. 4,000-3,500 B.C.E. ceramic 4 1/2 in. high Menhir alignments at Ménec, Carnac, France ca. 4,250-3,750 B.C.E. various Menhirs Ireland, Scotland, England, France Dolmens Ireland, Scotland, England, France Figure 1-19 Gallery leading to the main chamber of the passage grave, Newgrange, Ireland, ca. 3200 – 2500 BCE. 56 Stonehenge Salisury Plain, Wiltshire, England ca. 2,550-1,600 B.C.E. sarsen and bluestone Figure 1-20 Aerial view of Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain, England, ca. 2550–1600 BCE. Circle is 97' in diameter; trilithons 24' high. 59