Ceramic Wall Tiles - EPD

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION
as per ISO 14025
Owner of the Declaration
Programme holder
Publisher
Declaration number
Issue date
Valid to
Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur Ceramic Industries Inc.
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)
EPD-KSK-20120009-CBC1-EN
01/07/2012
30/06/2017
Ceramic Wall Tiles
Kaleseramik
www.bau-umwelt.com
Umwelt Produktdeklaration Name des Herstellers – Name des Produkts
Summary
Kaleseramik
Ceramic Wall Tiles
Programme holder
IBU - Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.
Rheinufer 108
D-53639 Königswinter
Owner of the Declaration
Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur Ceramic Industries
Inc.
Büyükdere Caddesi Kaleseramik Binasi 1
34330 Levent, Istanbul
Declaration number
EPD-KSK-20120009-CBC1-EN
Declared product / Declared unit
Ceramic wall tiles / 1 m²
This Declaration is based on the Product
Category Rules:
Ceramic tiles and panels, 07-2012
(PCR tested and approved by the independent expert
committee)
Scope:
Issue date
01/07/2012
Valid to
30/06/2017
This declaration is relevant to ceramic wall tiles
produced at a single location at Çan Plant in Turkey.
The EPD declaration applies to all ceramic wall tiles as
products selected represent 71% of the total wall tile
production. The remaining are similar in terms of
composition and thickness with only differences in
sizes, which make no difference per 1 m². The owner
of the declaration shall be liable for the underlying
information and evidence.
Verification
The CEN Norm EN 15804 serves as the core PCR
Independent verification of the declaration and data
according to ISO 14025
internally
x externally
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst J. Bossenmayer
(President of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.)
Dr. Olivier Muller
(Independent tester appointed by SVA)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Wolf Reinhardt
(Chairman of SVA)
Product
Product description
Kaleseramik produces 2,200 varieties of wall tiles in 60
different dimensions. Ceramic tiles are primarily made
of kaolin and clay, but they also include other raw
materials such as marble, frit, dolomite, bentonite and
quartz. The required composition is blended with water
to form uniform slurry. This slurry then fed into spray
driers to form uniform granules ready for compaction.
These granules are then shaped to form the bisque or
green body. This can be glazed or left unglazed
depending on its intended use. The green ceramic
body is fired at high temperatures, resulting in a hard
body.
This EPD declaration is applicable to entire wall tile
range as the data collected from two products, Tamara
White (25x40x0.8cm) and Kalipso White
(20x50x0.8cm).
Application
Wall tiles are largely used as interior and exterior wall
coverings. Interior applications are mainly in
bathrooms and kitchens in residential applications
while the exterior applications can include swimming
pools, façades, commercial and industrial applications
etc.
For interior applications, ceramic wall tiles should be
selected regarding the technical specifications such as
PEI value, hardness, stain resistance, chemical
2
resistance and easy cleaning, if they are to be used in
the interiors of a residence.
The tiles selected for exteriors should be frost resistant
and have low water absorbency. For outdoor uses they
normally have less than 3% water absorption but for
internal applications this might rise to 16%. Depending
on the use, ceramic tiles might be glazed to control
abrasion and slip resistance.
Technical Data
Kaleseramik’s ceramic tiles are manufactured under
the warranty of the ISO 9001:2000 Quality
Management System to comply with the product
requirement specifications of TS EN 14411 Group BIII
for wall tiles. The company also has OHSAS 18001
Occupational Health and Safety and ISO 14001
Environmental Management systems in place.
The ceramic wall tiles conform to following standards
and specifications:
Constructional data
Name and additional
Break load acc. to DIN
EN ISO 10545-4
thickness 7,5 mm
Break load acc. to DIN
EN ISO 10545-4
thickness < 7,5 mm
Value
Unit
1100
N
850
N
Environmental Product Declaration Kaleseramik – Ceramic Wall Tiles
Flexural strength acc. to
DIN EN ISO 10545-4
ave.
23
N/mm2
Resistance to low
concentrations of acids
and alkalis: Affirmative
Resistance to high
Resistance to
chemicals and staining concentrations of acids
acc. to DIN EN ISO
and alkalis: Affirmative
10545-13 (optional)
Resistance to household
chemicals and swimming pool salts: min GB,
Affirmative
Stain resistance to DIN
min Class-3
EN ISO 10545-14
-
-
Base materials / Ancillary materials
Ceramic wall tile is primarily made of raw materials
such as kaolin, clay, feldspar, bentonite, marble, frit,
dolomite and quartz. Major constituents are kaolin, clay
and granite. There are no products that can be
included in “Candidate List of Substances of Very High
Concern for Authorisation” and raw materials used are
not part of the EU REACH regulation.
The background to which the tiling will be applied must
be clean, smooth, and free from dust, oil free and
grease. If using rough surface, matte or polished
porcelain or antislip ceramic tiles, residual filling
material must be removed as soon as possible from
the tile surface. Ceramic wall tiles have a long life and
can be disposed of in inert landfill sites at the end of
their useful life.
Reference service life
This EPD is relevant to cradle to factory gate and
therefore no reference to useful life is required.
LCA: Calculation rules
Declared Unit
The declared unit is 1 m² ceramic wall tiles.
Declared unit
Name and additional
Declared unit
Grammage
Conversion factor to 1 kg
Value
Unit
1
14
0.07142857
m2
kg/m2
-
System boundary
This is a cradle to gate EPD. The system boundary
involves raw materials, transport and production. Raw
materials include pre-treatment before production such
as slurry preparation. Production stages include
production of granules by spray drying, forming, drying,
glazing, firing and packaging. Transport is only
relevant for delivery of raw materials to the plant and
forklift usage within the factory. In this study, 9%
internal scrap (3% from green body and 6% from fired
tiles) is recycled back into the process (Closed loop).
building context, respectively the product-specific
characteristics of performance, are taken into account.
This EPD is comparable with ceramic wall tiles that
comply with the product requirement specifications of
EN 14411 Group BIII for wall tiles and are evaluated
according to EN 15804.
The wall tile manufacturing process flow is depicted
below:
Comparability
Basically, a comparison or an evaluation of EPD data
is only possible if all the data sets to be compared
were created according to FprEN 15804 and the
LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information
Reuse- Recovery- and Recycling potential (D)
Ceramic wall tiles normally end up in inert landfill sites
with other building waste. They can be recycled back
for utilization in different applications.
However, no possible benefits of recycling were taken
into account in the LCA work here.
3
Environmental Product Declaration Kaleseramik – Ceramic Wall Tiles
LCA: Results
DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BOUNDARY (X = INCLUDED IN LCA; MND = MODULE NOT DECLARED)
BENEFITS AND
LOADS
BEYOND THE
SYSTEM
BOUNDARYS
Use
Maintenance
Repair
Replacement1)
Refurbishment1)
Operational energy
use
Operational water
use
De-construction
demolition
Transport
A3
A4
A5
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
C1
C2
X
X
X
ReuseRecoveryRecyclingpotential
Constructioninstallation process
A2
Disposal
Transport
A1
Waste processing
Manufacturing
END OF LIFE STAGE
Transport
USE STAGE
Raw material
supply
PRODUCT STAGE
CONSTRUCTI
ON PROCESS
STAGE
C3
C4
D
X
MND
MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND
RESULTS OF THE LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: FU: 1 m² of ceramic wall tiles
Parameter
Unit
Global warming potential
[kg CO2-Äq.]
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer
[kg CFC11-Äq.]
Acidification potential of land and water
[kg SO2-Äq.]
Eutrophication potential
[kg PO43-- Äq.]
Formation potential of tropospheric ozone photochemical
[kg Ethen Äq.]
oxidants
Abiotic depletion potential for non fossil resources
[kg Sb Äq.]
Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources
[MJ]
A1
A2
A3
C4
4.15
5.01E-7
1.94E-3
1.37E-2
0.28
3.75E-8
3.79E-4
2.08E-3
5.31
5.68E-7
2.93E-3
5.59E-3
0.16
4.29E-8
3.68E-4
9.23E-4
5.52E-3
3.69E-4
1.28E-3
2.36E-4
3.25E-2
72.10
2.01E-3
4.57
4.54E-2
93.40
1.96E-3
4.51
RESULTS OF THE LCA - RESOURCE USE: FU: 1 m² of ceramic wall tiles
Parameter
Unit
A1
A2
A3
C4
Renewable primary energy as energy carrier
Renewable primary energy resources as material utilization
Total use of renewable primary energy resources
Non renewable primary energy as energy carrier
Non renewable primary energy as material utilization
Total use of non renewable primary energy resources
Use of secondary material
Use of renewable secondary fuels
Use of non renewable secondary fuels
Use of net fresh water
[MJ]
[MJ]
[MJ]
[MJ]
[MJ]
[MJ]
[kg]
[MJ]
[MJ]
[m³]
2.27
0.00
2.27
62.80
0.00
62.80
IND
IND
IND
0.17
0.05
0.00
0.05
4.37
0.00
4.37
IND
IND
IND
0.00
7.96
0.00
7.96
92.60
0.00
92.60
IND
IND
IND
0.02
0.03
0.00
0.03
4.35
0.00
4.35
IND
IND
IND
0.00
RESULTS OF THE LCA – OUTPUT FLOWS AND WASTE CATEGORIES:
FU: 1 m² of ceramic wall tiles
4
Parameter
Unit
A1
A2
A3
C4
Hazardous waste disposed
Non hazardous waste disposed
Radioactive waste disposed
Components for re-use
Materials for recycling
Materials for energy recovery
Exported electrical energy
Exported thermal energy
[kg]
[kg]
[kg]
[kg]
[kg]
[kg]
[MJ]
[MJ]
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
0.00
0.02
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
IND
Environmental Product Declaration Kaleseramik – Ceramic Wall Tiles
References
Institut Bauen und Umwelt 2011
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Königswinter (pub.):
Generation of Environmental Product Declarations
(EPDs);
General principles
for the EPD range of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.
(IBU), 2011-06
www.bau-umwelt.de
PCR 2011, Part A
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Königswinter (pub.):
Product Category Rules for Construction Products
from the range of Environmental Product Declarations
of Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU), Part A: Calculation
Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and
Requirements on the Background Report. July 2011
www.bau-umwelt.de
ISO 14025
DIN EN ISO 14025:2009-11: Environmental labels and
declarations — Type III environmental declarations —
Principles and procedures
EN 15804
EN 15804:2012-04: Sustainability of construction
works — Environmental Product Declarations — Core
rules for the product category of construction products
DIN EN ISO 10545-4
Ceramic tiles -- Part 4: Determination of modulus of
rupture and breaking strength
DIN EN ISO 10545-7
Ceramic tiles -- Part 7: Determination of resistance to
surface abrasion for glazed tiles
DIN EN ISO 10545-13
Ceramic tiles -- Part 13: Determination of chemical
resistance
DIN EN ISO 10545-14
Ceramic tiles -- Part 14: Determination of resistance to
stains
EN 14411:2006
Ceramic tiles. Definitions, classification, characteristics
and marking
EN ISO 10545-3
Ceramic tiles -- Part 3: Determination of water
absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density
and bulk density
DIN EN ISO 10545-4
Ceramic tiles -- Part 4: Determination of modulus of
rupture and breaking strength
PCR 2011, Part B
PCR Guidance-Texts for Building-Related Products
and Services, from the range of Environmental Product
Declarations of Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU), Part
B: Requirements on the EPD for ceramic tiles and
panels.
www.bau-umwelt.de
DIN EN ISO 10545-7
Ceramic tiles -- Part 7: Determination of resistance to
surface abrasion for glazed tiles
SimaPro
SimaPro LCA Package, Pré Consultants, the
Netherlands
www.pre-sustainability.com
DIN EN ISO 10545-14
Ceramic tiles -- Part 14: Determination of resistance to
stains
OHSAS 18001 DIN EN OHSAS 18001:2007,
Occupational Health and Safety Management System
Ecoinvent
Ecoinvent Centre
www.ecoinvent.org
EN 14411:2006
Ceramic tiles. Definitions, classification, characteristics
and marking
EN ISO 10545-3
Ceramic tiles -- Part 3: Determination of water
absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density
and bulk density
5
DIN EN ISO 10545-13
Ceramic tiles -- Part 13: Determination of chemical
resistance
ISO 9001
DIN EN ISO 9001:2008, Quality Management SystemRequirements
ISO 14001
DIN EN ISO 14001:2004, Environmental Management
Systems-Requirement
Environmental Product Declaration Kaleseramik – Ceramic Wall Tiles
Publisher
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.
Rheinufer 108
53639 Königswinter
Germany
Tel
Fax
Mail
Web
+49 (0)2223 29 66 79- 0
+49 (0)2223 29 66 79- 0
[email protected]
www.bau-umwelt.com
Programme holder
Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.
Rheinufer 108
53639 Königswinter
Germany
Tel
Fax
Mail
Web
+49 (0)2223 29 66 79- 0
+49 (0)2223 29 66 79- 0
[email protected]
www.bau-umwelt.com
Owner of the Declaration
Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur
Ceramic Industries Inc.
Büyükdere Caddesi Kaleseramik Binasi
1
34330 Levent, Istanbul
Turkey
Tel
Fax
Mail
Web
+90 212 371 52 53
+90 212 2691742
[email protected]
www.kale.com.tr
Author of the Life Cycle Assessment
Metsims Sustainability Consulting
Veko Giz Plaza, Meydan Sk. 3 K13
34396 Maslak, Istanbul
Turkey
Tel
Fax
Mail
Web
+90 534 499 32 40
+90 212 705 36 36
[email protected]
www.metsims.com