Al-Ghanja

Transcription

Al-Ghanja

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Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
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Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
Our Marine Heritage is Testament
to Our True Belonging
The Sea played a huge role in shaping the heritage & culture of
the UAE’s people. It had a lasting impact in forming & enriching our culture for ages.
Our leaders and national figures kept urging us to relish our
traditions & national identity, and preserve our rich heritage
for future generations.
Boat building industry is a headline of our marine heritage in
which our ancestors made huge & admirable efforts. It is our
duty to at least make every effort to preserve this legacy for
our generation and present it to our visitors. By doing so, we
will be able to instill a sense of true belonging in our current
generation and enable them to maintain a healthy balance between tradition & modernization.
This publication, compiled by RTA Marine Agency, is a valuable
contribution to revive & preserve the industry of boat-building
in the UAE and the whole Gulf area. We hope it will provide a
link between generations and strengthen the base of our maritime heritage.
We hope that all those concerned with the marine legacy of
the UAE and the Gulf region will find this publication useful in
documenting the traditional boat-building industry. We equally hope that researchers and innovators will be inspired by the
collections contained in this book in developing heritage-oriented initiatives & modern products.
Mattar Al Tayer
Chairman of the Board
and Executive Director of the RTA
Contents
Types of Sailing Boats.......................................................................... 13
Al-Jalibout ....................................................................................... 14
Al-Sanbook ..................................................................................... 15
Al-Shouee ....................................................................................... 16
Al-Baqqara & Al-Bateel ................................................................... 17
Al-Boom .......................................................................................... 18
Al-Boom Al-Qata’a .......................................................................... 19
Al-Boom Al-Saffar ........................................................................... 20
Water Boom .................................................................................... 21
Al-Baghla ........................................................................................ 22
Al-Warjiah (Al-Shasha) .................................................................... 23
Al-Lanj . ........................................................................................... 24
Al-Hoori .......................................................................................... 25
Al-Mashwa ...................................................................................... 26
Al-Keet ............................................................................................ 27
Al-Katter . ........................................................................................ 28
Al-Ghanja......................................................................................... 29
Al-Balam ......................................................................................... 30
Al-Chala .......................................................................................... 31
Al-Kashti ......................................................................................... 32
Al-Kooteh ........................................................................................ 33
Al-Abri . ........................................................................................... 34
Al-Abra ............................................................................................ 35
Rowing Abra . .................................................................................. 36
Al-Badan ......................................................................................... 37
Ship Building Terminologies ................................................................ 40
Building of Sailing Boats ..................................................................... 52
A Selection of Antique Photos ............................................................. 76
Marine Agency
Types of
Sailing
Boats
Type of Boat
Al-Jalibout
Type of Boat
Al-Sanbook
Usage
Used in pearl diving, Al-Tawasha operations, and in the buying & selling of pearls.
Usage
Length, Width
& Load
Base length ranges from 20 to 100 feet. Base length of the
Omani Jaliboat is 50 feet.
Name
Derived from a type of western boats called the Jolly Boat.
One of the most famous boats in the Gulf after Al-Boom and
it is one of the key diving boats. It was used for Al-Tawasha
or pearl trading. The Omani Sanbook is larger than other
models in the Gulf countries. Al-Sanbook was used for sea
voyages to India & Africa, whereas the Yemeni Sanbook was
used in marine transport and pronounced as “Al-Sanbooq”
in Yemen.
Place
Most Arabian Gulf countries.
Length, Width
& Load
Base length is about 60 feet (40 arms length).
Name
Unknown.
Place
Most Arabian Gulf countries and Yemen.
14
Sailing boats in the Arabian Gulf Area
15
Type of Boat
Al-Shouee
Type of Boat
Al-Baqqara & Al-Bateel
Usage
It is smaller than Al-Sanbook and used for pearl diving. It is
considered one of the most important fishing boats in the
Arabian Gulf.
Usage
Length, Width
& Load
They are two of greatly similar diving boats and considered
one of the oldest pearl diving boats. As they were fast they
were used by some pirates in the Gulf & Arabian Sea. They
were also used in the military.
Up to 75 feet or less.
Length, Width
& Load
Load ranges from 100 to 300 tons.
Name
Unknown.
Name
Place
Unknown. Building of such boats had since been stopped.
Place
Most Arabian Gulf countries and India.
16
17
Type of Boat
Al-Boom
Type of Boat
Al-Boom Al-Qatta’a
Usage
It is one of the most famous types of boats designed by Gulf
boat builders. It was used in marine transport, and used to a
lesser extent in pearl diving.
Usage
Similar to diving boats, it was used in cargo transport within
the Arabian Gulf.
Length, Width
& Load
Length, Width
& Load
Load not more than 100 tons.
Length ranges from 50 to 70 feet, and load is in excess of
300 tons.
Name
Name
Unknown.
Unknown.
Place
Place
Built in all Arabian Gulf countries and India.
Originally famous in Kuwait but built in all Arabian Gulf
countries as well as in India and Persia.
18
19
Type of Boat
Al-Boom Al-Saffar
Type of Boat
Water Boom
Usage
It is a sailing boat built to replace Al-Baghla in serving Gulf
marine transport. They proved themselves as the best sailing
boats in the Gulf, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Their
success led to the spread of its building in many places.
Usage
A medium-sized Al-Boom boat, but slightly different as it has
no deck in a bid to increase its loading capacity. It was used
for water transport. Water used to be loaded in wooden tanks
(called fantas or tankee).
Length, Width
& Load
Load in excess of 100 tons.
Length, Width
& Load
Information unavailable.
Name
Called Al-Boom Al-Saffar as it was used in long distance sea
travels.
Name
Called Water Boom as they were used in transporting drinking water only.
Place
Built in all Arabian Gulf countries and India.
Place
20
21
Type of Boat
Al-Baghla
Type of Boat
Al-Warjiah (Al-Shasha)
Usage
Built to transport dates & woods across deep seas open to
wind.
Usage
Called Al-Warjiah in Kuwait and Shasha in other Gulf countries. It was used in fishing trips near the coast.
Length, Width
& Load
Information unavailable / looks like Al-Ghanja boat.
Length, Width
& Load
A small boat made of palm leaves, firmly fastened by ropes
and has two rowing pedals.
Name
Called Sea Prince and Master of Marine Transport. There is a
similar boat called Bugalet used along the northern French
coast in the seventeenth century. However, Arab sea men
were inspired by the design of Al-Baghla and Al-Ghanja from
the Portuguese.
Name
Unknown.
Place
Place
22
23
Type of Boat
Al-Lanj
Type of Boat
Al-Hoori
Usage
Used as a fishing boat.
Usage
Length, Width
& Load
Base length ranges from 15 to 40 feet and has a straight bow
similar to Al-Sanbook.
A small boat carved from a stem of a tree. Used in transporting fish from fishing yards (Al-Hazrah) to the coast. It was
also used as a means of transport from one boat to another.
Name
Length, Width
& Load
Length ranges from 10 to 20 feet.
Unknown.
Place
Most Arabian Gulf countries and Persia.
Name
Unknown.
Place
An Indian boat, and Arabs derived its design from India in
the Pre-Islamic era.
24
25
Type of Boat
Al-Mashwa
Type of Boat
Al-Keet
Usage
It is one of the small Gulf boats used for transporting dates,
with a loading capacity of 20 tons, and as a rescue boat
affixed on board Al-Boom. It was also used as a means of
transporting sailors along with their luggage and cargo from
ports to boats and vice versa. It is operated by rowing pedals.
Usage
One of the small boats used in transporting individuals and
supplies as well as transporting individuals between diving
boats. It was also used by sailors when they intended to visit
other sailors.
Length, Width
& Load
Length, Width
& Load
Loading capacity: 6 – 8 persons.
Has a length of 25 feet.
Name
Name
Unknown.
Unknown.
Place
Place
26
27
Type of Boat
Al-Katter
Type of Boat
Al-Ghanja
Usage
A small boat usually carried on board Al-Boom & Al-Baghla boats
for use by sailors from one place to another in different
ports.
Usage
An Indian ship similar to Al-Baghla, but with a different bow.
Such type of boats originated from Muscat and was used in
long travels.
Length, Width
& Load
Loading capacity: from 4 to 6 persons.
Length, Width
& Load
Information unavailable / looks like Al-Baghla boat.
Name
Unknown.
Name
Unknown.
Place
Place
Originally it is an Indian-make boat, and currently built in
the Sultanate of Oman.
28
29
Type of Boat
Al-Balam
Type of Boat
Al-Chala
Usage
The small Balam was used in fishing and the large Balam was
used in diving, but at a limited range.
Usage
Length, Width
& Load
A strange name given to a sailing boat that looks like the
Al-Boom boat at the bow. It is a medium sized boat that was
used in transporting rocks for building houses.
Length, Width
& Load
Has a base length of 36 feet (24 arm length).
Name
Unknown.
Name
Place
Unknown.
Built in most Arabian Gulf countries and Iraq.
Place
30
31
Type of Boat
Al-Kashti
Type of Boat
Al-Kooteh
Usage
One of the fishing boats. Looks like Al-Baqqara in body and is
still used at some docks around the entrance of the Arabian Gulf.
Usage
Length, Width
& Load
An Indian origin boat bought by Gulf traders from India, but
made some modifications making it similar to Gulf boats. It
was used in long distance travel in ferrying wood, dates, etc.
from India to the Arabian Gulf countries.
Name
Length, Width
& Load
Large and small-size models are built.
Al-Kashti means a boat / ship in Persian language.
Place
Most Arabian Gulf countries in addition to Persia.
Name
Unknown.
Place
An Indian made boat that looks like the Dutch & British
military ships.
32
33
Type of Boat
Al-Abri
Type of Boat
Al-Abra
Usage
Makalla (the main port of Hadramaut) was famous for building such pattern of small boats used in light transport across
the coast.
Usage
The city of Dubai was famous for this type of small boats
used in light domestic transit between Bur Dubai and Deira
across Dubai Creek.
Length, Width
& Load
Loading capacity ranges from 5 to 15 tons.
Length, Width
& Load
Name
The name originates from Abbara; a boat used in transit from one
bank to another.
Loading capacity ranges from 5 to 11 tons
Length: 35 feet
Width: 12 feet
Depth: 5 feet
Passenger capacity: 20 passengers.
Place
A Yemeni made boat.
Name
The name originates from Abbara; a boat used in transit
from one bank to another.
Place
UAE, India and Pakistan.
34
35
Type of Boat
Rowing Abra
Type of Boat
Al-Badan
Usage
The city of Dubai was earlier famous for this type of small boats
used in light domestic transit between Bur Dubai and Deira
across the Creek.
Usage
One of the most famous Omani boats used in fishing and
coastal transit throughout the Sultanate of Oman. It is one
of the antique Omani boats.
Length, Width
& Load
Loading capacity: 5 tons
Length: 18 feet
Width: 5.5 feet
Depth: 2.5 feet
Passenger capacity: 4 passengers.
Length, Width
& Load
Loading capacity ranges from 20 to 100 tons.
Name
Unknown.
Place
Omani made boat.
Name
The name originates from Abbara; a boat used in transit from one
bank to another.
Place
UAE, India and Pakistan.
36
37
Al-Boom Al-Saffar
Diving Boom
Al-Boom Al-Qatta’a
Chala
Bateel & Baqqara
Water Boom
Mashwa
Jalibout
Hammal Bachi
Keet
Al-Ballam
Overview of Boat Decks
38
Overview of Boat Decks
39
Ship
Building
Terminologies
Ship Building Terminologies
Jali
Jama’a
Bard
Cover of the entrance to the inside of the boat.
A piece of hard wood containing four pulleys rotating around an axis
inside which the lines hoisting the sail are entered (lines collector).
Jaddoom
A handheld tool used for cutting & trimming woods used in boat
building.
Jalangha
A V–shaped piece of wood (part of a tree branch) used as Atfa at the
stern (Tafer).
The internal / external side of the body of the boat.
Barmeel
A piece of wood of rounded edges extending along and covering the
front & back Mail.
Barandah
One of the ropes fixed at the front end of the main mast and the body
of the boat. It is linked with the side of the boat behind the mast.
Jib
Bissah
A line extending across the pulleys at the top of the mast and used to
hoist the sail.
Hezamat
A number of wooden boards inside the body of the boat used for tying
Shalameen & Atfa together (belting the internal body of the boat).
Ballad
An iron block hung with a thread and used in detecting the straightness
of the front & back Mail with regard to Al-Bais (bottom of the boat).
Hul
An oil extracted from the palm trees used in cotton needed for Qalfating the boat.
Baleema
Bandeerah
Bumeh
A line used to tie & control the front end of the sail (Al-Yoush).
Halaqa
Hamar Bahar
The flag.
Beewar
Taj
Tareej
Ta’aradah
Tafer
An iron ring used for tying ropes.
A large Sawar at the bow of the boat near Tashkeel used for tying
ropes.
A small triangular-shaped sail at the bow of the boat.
Hamlah
Bais
A triangular sail hoisted on the headstay in unfavourable weather
conditions.
The base of a boat (Al-Harrab).
A line used to keep the mast in place, and is positioned to the front of
the main mast.
The boat’s body profile from the base up to the specified draught line,
determining the ability of the boat to take load and navigate.
Khudd
The next wooden board in building a boat following Al-Malij.
Kharab
A line tying the anchor in a pearl diving boat.
Khunn
The internal store of the boat.
The front part of Al-Baghla or Al-Ghanja boat.
The last (upper) wooden plates extending from the bow up to the
stern of the boat.
Khabeesa
A wooden piece between two posts at the bow & stern for supporting
the Farman, when lowered.
Daper
Stern.
42
A long and outward sloping pole in the stern (at the end of Al-Neem)
corresponding with a pole at the other end, and the two carry Al-Gafla; which is a horizontal bar upon which the Farman of the small sail
(Al-Qalami) rests. Sometimes the small sail is tied with Al-Khabeesa.
When the boat sails and the wind blew from the back.
43
Dawar
A hand rotated machine used for winding lines and tightening loads.
Dome
The upper end of the sail.
Deira
Compass.
Dasi
A line on one side of the sail. There is an upper Dasi and a lower Dasi,
both act as the frame maintaining the shape of the sail.
Riqa’ah
A non-pointed stern like Al-Baghla, Al-Sanbook, Al-Shouee and others. It is usually engraved like Al-Baghla and Al-Sanbook.
Damen
A line at the bottom of the back end of the sail for tying and affixing it
to the boat.
Rummaneh
A wood on both sides of Al-Neem behind the pole used for tying
the sail. It also has a protruding wood at the front end of Al-Baghla,
known as Al-Bageet.
Ruwaisi
A rope tied with the upper end of Al-Farmen and fixed to one side of
the boat to prevent the Al-Farmen from moving to the other end.
Dabbosa
Dar
Darrabah
A chamber below the upper deck of Al-Baghla or Al-Boom used for
storing foodstuff or sails.
The plural is Daroor. They are small ropes to tie the edge of the sail
with the Farman or the wood used to hoist the sail.
The plural is Darareeb. They are wooden boards put vertically on the
sides of the boat to increase the height of the body and protect the cargo
from getting wet. Their height might be 1 meter or more in large boats.
A line fixed on the edge of the boat (Al-Zabadreh) with a stick to
which one of the sail lines is tied.
Zand
A half circle shaped piece of wood fixed to Al-Kashteel through which
the anchor line passes and tied to it.
A board put below Al-Salbees board on both of the internal sides of
the boat to help Al-Salbees board carry Al-Sawarat on which deck
boards are fixed.
Zolli
A semi circular wooden box used as a water closet and hung to a side
of the stern.
Ziyar
A line tying the main mast with the Al-Abed, or the wood at the front.
Darkeh
Darmit
Daqal
Dahmeh
A wooden board covering the sides of the boat horizontally.
A piece of wood placed above Al-Farmen at the point of linking it with
Al-Daqal to strengthen the Al-Farmen.
Maintenance & repair of the boat.
Dastoor
Zabadreh
Boards at both sides of Al-Neem including a number of steel rods,
with openings in-between to prevent them from falling in the sea.
Zaghbeh
Darkal
Darisha
Reel
A small window at the right side of the stern used for loading woods to
the inside of the boat, and has a lid to cover it before boat departure.
Satoor
The upper front outward protruding part of the boat (Al-Boom), the
side of which is usually painted in black & white.
A straight wood, the edge of which is tied with Al-yoush rope and
moved from the upwards to the front side of the boat to pull the edge
of the sail. This process is known as Nas’a Al-Dastoor.
Sajajeh
A piece of wood used to close openings in the body of the boat to
prevent water leakage.
Boat mast. There is Al-Daqal Al-oud and Al-Daqal Al-Qalami.
Sadeeri
Two boards at the bow (Al-Boom) fixed on both sides above Al-Tareeh
board to protect Al-Kashteel from the waves.
One edge of the sail
44
45
Atfa
An obtuse angle-shaped piece of wood fixed inside the body of the
boat above Al-Jafatoah board by means of nails between two Shalmans
A piece of wood at the point of linking Al-Mail with Al-Buss inside the
boat to enhance its stability.
A bundle of iron (Zuwaileh) used for fastening wooden boards
together with the base of the boat.
Amarani
One of the lines used to prevent the mast from movement and fix it to
the body of the boat.
A thick wood affixed to both interior sides of the boat to carry
Al-Sawarat on which deck boards are fixed.
Anafeh
Rudder of the boat. The driver of the rudder is called Sakkooni.
Sakniah
Sun
A piece of wood fixed on board a boat to the front of Al-Neem through
which pass the lines necessary for lifting the sail.
Aqrab
Sikkan
Salbis
Abaidar
A piece of iron or rock used as anchor.
Anaj
Shart
One of the lines tied to the mast and fastened on the boat sides.
Sharkh (Jarkh)
The wheel that moves the rudder in a boat (Al-Boom or Baghla).
Shafzeh
The right and longer side of the sail.
Shaqqeh
A piece of cloth of limited width (50 cm) sewed together to form the sail.
Shalman
A piece of wood used to build the inner ribs of the boat.
Sal
Fish oil used in painting the interior and exterior of boats to preserve
& maintain them.
Soofi
A tool through which the rudder is moved when turned by the wheel
or Al-Jarkh (a wooden cylinder).
Tariee
A piece of wood fixed on both sides of boat’s base to tie the worn out
body boards of the boat as a temporary measure.
Tableh
Located at the front around Al-Satoor and at the back behind the deck
of Al-Neem.
Abbari
The distance between the entrance of Al-Khun (boat interior) and the
other front opening.
Abd
The curved Al-Zarf of the stern column (Mail Tafer) in Al-Boom boat,
with a star usually engraved to garnish it.
A piece of wood encircling the boat from the inside above the deck
at the point of linking it to both the sides of the boat. Its role is to
prevent the water from leaking inside the boat and to ensure firm connection between the deck and sides.
Aibat
Pieces of wood on both sides of Al-Neem boat (Al-Boom) between
which there are iron rods, all of them called Al-Reel.
Falki
An upper board on both sides of Al-Neem (Al-Boom) ending with a
pointed end.
Faten
Farman
Fils
A piece of wood in the mid of the lower deck of the boat upon which
the mizzen mast (Al-Qalami) is based.
The horizontal frame holding the sail and lifting it up the mast, which
is usually composed of several firmly tied ropes together.
A solid piece of wood used as a base for the main mast.
Fanneh
The back deck of the diving boats and Al-Qatta’a which is raised a bit
above the front deck.
Qa’iem
A vertical bar on both sides of the boat at the bow of Al-Neem, with a
strong square shape, and the mast line is sometimes tied to it. It also
helps sailors in hoisting the main mast.
A standing wood in front of the mast tied to it by ropes as a further
measure to stabilize it
46
47
Qab (Jib)
Qabit (Jabit)
The mast head where its head is leveled as it were a four-sided pyramid with the head cut.
The protruding front end of the front bar (Mail Sader) in Al-Baghleh. It
is characterized by a downward curve, with a protruding end (Rammaneh).
Qafleh (Jafleh)
A piece of wood inside which is a rotating wheel, and it is used for
tightening the lines tied with the sail.
Qaitan (Jaitan)
A thick board of the boat body wood located between Al-Kammer
board and Al-Tareej board.
Katli
Kamreh
(Jamreh)
A table slightly elevated above the deck of Al-Neem, where the captains of the boat sit and sleep.
Kalb (Jalb)
Kakalfat
(Qalfatat) Filling the external cracks between the wooden boards on
the external sides of the boat, using thick cotton thread.
Kamer
A thick wooden board of the body of the boat used to determine the
water level around the boat.
Kankha
Kits at the point of connection between the Al-Farmen and Al-Daqal
(such as Al-Qabeeb & Al-Maltani and others).
Koriah
(Korajah)
A measure of the number of wooden pieces necessary for building a
boat. It is said that the boat needs 5 Korajah, and the Korajah contains 20 pieces.
Kuwaisiyeh
A large nail used for fastening Al-Shamalain with the base of the boat.
Maddeh
A piece of copper fixed around the stern bar (Mail Tafer) containing a hole
where a nail (Nar) is fixed on one side of the rudder to facilitate rotation.
Makri
A solid piece of wood with a pointed end and triangle shape, placed
under any wooden piece of the boat, so that when it is hit strongly,
the wood will not come out of its place.
Kabrat
A place at the start of the upper deck of the boat, triangular in shape
at the backside of the boat where Sawar Kabrat is located.
Kattat
A small rod on which a small boat is hanged at the side of the boat.
Katter
A small boat used by the captain in transit from a place to another in
different ports.
Malaj (Malak)
Matah
Majdafeh
Karwah
Kashteel
A nail with a long head used to tie the boards together.
Langoti
An entrance to the chamber under Al-Neem (Al-Daboosa).
Kawer
A circular cut wooden bar placed horizontally above the front Mail of
the boat at the start of Al-Kashteel, backed by two small upright bars,
each one named Al-Abd.
A piece of wood in the shape of a right angle.
A piece of wood with multiple uses. There is a Makri at the side of
Al-Qayem so that a solid wooden bar is fixed, and accordingly the
main mast is fixed before being lifted. There is a Makri at one side of
Al-Satoor in Al-Boom boat such that anchor lines pass around. There
is also a Makri at the end of Al-Farman (Al-Nabbash).
The first wooden board of the body of the boat directly linked with the
base and Mails.
One of the ingredients of the line. (There are three Matahs of the line
running together).
A long straight piece of wood. Several pieces of these woods are
placed around the boat and tied with the body so as to maintain the
boat’s balance at the time of tide.
The raised front end of Al-Boom where the anchor and lines are placed.
Mazwari
48
A labourer to assist in transporting woods and others in the boat
building yards
49
Handaseh
Hawaseh
Mashai
One of the boards placed vertically on the building Sawarat of the
body of the boat which determines the frame of Al-Khun entrance.
Magher
An opening with a shutter where the water inside the boat is discharged when the boat is hoisted for maintenance on the coast.
Hoori
Wadereh
A quarter of a circle of copper where there are marks determining
specific angels called Khun or Akhnan from where a thread is hung
containing a heavy piece of iron used for measuring the deviation
angle of the front & rear bars from the base.
A line tying two wooden pieces, tilted at the middle by a wooden rod,
pressing the two pieces to bring them together.
A small boat carved from a stem of a tree imported from India.
The pit extending along Al-Mail or Al-Bais where the boards building
the body of the boat are entered.
Mankher
An opening at the masthead where the lines tied to Al-Farman enter.
Mandate
(Mandeh)
A piece of wood upon which the deck of the boat rests. There are
Mandats under the lower deck at the opening of Al-Khun. There are
Mandats at the lower deck under Sawar Al-Neem, both of them contribute to hold the load of Sawar Al-Neem.
Wisadeh
(Waside)
A piece of wood formed in such a way to touch Al-Satoor and its upper
boards at the bow. They are located under the boards of Al-Tabaleh
and to the front of Al-Kashteel.
Manzareh
Two wooden boards of the boat’s body between two Qaitans.
Washaar
A description of the boat that has just been built.
Wanis
Manqer
(Manjer)
Mail
Nabbash
A cover of the chamber where diving sailors keep their food (Al-Majileh).
A handheld tool used for cutting and leveling wood.
Yardeeleh
A piece of wood entering and rotating around Al-Qafiyeh and through
which the ropes are tied to the sail pass.
The bow or stern bar (Mail Sader or Mail Tafer).
Yamalooh
Wooden boards forming a barrier at both sides of the back of the diving boat.
Yammeh
The inner side of the bottom of the boat where water is accumulated.
A piece of wood added to the front or back end of Al-Farmen such that
a bigger sail can be lifted thereon.
Nur
Part of the hinge fixing the rudder and passes through Al-Madeh fixed
around the stern wood (Mail Tafer).
Nashab
A wooden board between the Al-Sawars supporting the deck of the boat.
It is also a piece of wood used to prevent the Al-Fils from moving to the
right or left.
Naael
Wooden pieces placed on the inner base of the boat on which the
cargo is placed lest it will not be wet
Neem
The upper deck of the boat, and it occupies around one third of the
main deck (Al-Qamareh / Al Cabineh)
50
Yoush
The front (short) end of the sail
51
Building
of Sailing
Boats
• Boats Wood
• Al-Fatayel
In building their boats, Kuwaitis relied on various woods imported from India and East Africa(1). Al-Saj is considered one of the most important types of
wood, as it is resilient and has a high durability. It is brought from Al-Nebar in
India and used in building boat sides & decks. It has different types such as
Shakki, Al-Faini, Al-Manteej, Al-Daman and Baraweh. As to boat Shalameen
and sides, they are usually built of Al-Saj or Al-Fanus woods brought from AlNebar, Baraweh, Al-Daman and Khoramian. Sometimes Shalameen are built of
Sabeet(2), which is brought from Somalia. It is different from Al-Jankhari wood
important from Al-Nebar, which is solid and strong, and is therefore used in
building Al-Bais, Al-Sader, Al-Salbees and Al-Sawar(3).
Abdullah Al-Hatem(4) says that Ahmed bin Rizq Al-Asaad is the first to bring
the giant wood for building various sizes of sailing boats in Kuwait. Later on he
was followed by a number of Kuwaiti traders who used to bring it together with
other materials needed for boat building and was delivered to the masters
for building the required boats. Among the most famous of these traders(5) is
Hamad Al-Saqr, Abdul Aziz Al-Othman, Ahmed Al-Khurafi, Falah Al-Khurafi, Abdul Aziz Hamad Al-Saqr, Khaled Dawood Al-Marzook & brothers, Shaheen AlGhanim, Mohammed Al-Asfoor, Abdul Wahab bin Abdul Aziz Al-Qattami, Mohammed Thunaiyan Al-Ghanim, Rashid Bu Rasli, Abdullah Bu Rasli and others.
When the boat building finishes, the remaining material are sold(6) to other
wood traders in Kuwait.
• Al-Sal and Al-Shooneh
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Beside wood, ship building is based on metal nails made by blacksmiths in
Kuwait. Kuwaitis used to bring it from Abadan and India(7). Their sizes and
lengths vary according to the place in which they will be placed. Lengths ranges from one zura’a (arm) or more, for the normal sized nail(8).
Interview made with Al-Haj Ali Abdullah Abdul Rasool.
Ibid
Two interviews made with Al-Haj Hassan Abdullah Abdul Rasool.
In his book: From Here I Started Kuwait, Umumia Printing Press, Damascus, P97
Two interviews made with Al-Haj Ali Abdullah Abdul Rasool on 31/5/81 and Al-Haj Hassan Abdullah Abdul Rasool
on 6/12/1981.
Ali Abdullah Abdul Rasool says that building a boat requires about 20 Badaneh i.e. 200 pieces of large wooden
boards cracked in the form of Al-Saj boards. It also requires 20 Koriah (Korajah) i.e. 400 pieces of wood for Al-Shalamin, in addition to some wooden boxes used on the deck of the boat. It also requires about 200 to 500 Hudder or
more (i.e. from 10 to 35 thousand KG) of metal nails. See a report on boat building in Kuwait, Al-Kuwaiti Magazine,
Issue of 16/10/1969, P38. See the interview made with Al-Haj Hassan Abdullah Abdul Rasool on 6/12/1981.
C. W. Hawkins says that Kuwaitis used to use Bahraini nails and prefer them to Indian nails as they are smooth.
See The Dhow, Nautical Pub. CO. LTD, London, P44.
Interview with Al-Haj Musa Sabti Suleiman and Al-Haj Ali Abdullah Abdul Rasool.
54
Al-Sal is extracted from fishes and is brought to Kuwait from southern part of the
Arabian Peninsula and Al-Nebar in India. It is used for painting the woods of the
boat after being built and before launching, as it expands the lifetime of wood(2).
Al-Shooneh or Al-Wadak is a blend of grease and lime, used for painting the
lower part of the boat affected by water so as to make it salt resistant. The lower
part of the boat is sometimes clamped with copper to prevent wood erosion(3).
• Sail Cloth (Al-Gazl)
In addition to wood, nails, Al-Fatayel, Al-Sal and Al-Shooneh, boat building
also requires sailing cloth (Al-Ghazl) used to be brought by Kuwaitis from Bahrain, India, Karachi and Barawa in the form of Duriyat or rolls, each measuring 40-50 meters in length(4). Then they cut Al-Duriya to rectangular shaped
pieces known as (Al-Shiqaq) composing the sail, depending on size and type.
• Boat Ropes
There was also a need for ropes made of palm tree fibres as well as Asaweh
& Arajeen of date trees brought in the form of small or large bundles (Baitat)
from Calicut. Ropes are tied in different ties and knots known as Al-Nashqa,
Al-Tarbia’a, Al-Ghurfa and Al-Hindiah.
Ropes are defined according to length, thickness and usage. Thick ropes are
known as Al-Ammar & Al-Sagheer, and those used by divers are known as Abridoon. Al-Sarkali was known as the best type. There are other types of ropes
such as wooden ropes, Albi, Maleet, Asawa, Al-Janb or Al-Qanb(5).
A number of ropes are linked to the Daqal & sail of the boat such as Laziar used
to link Al-Daqal. There is Al-Amareen on the left & right sides of the middle
part of Al-Daqal, Al-Bayawer on the front side of Al-Daqal, and Al-Khamari on
the upper part. There are also Al-Damen, Al-Daroor and Al-Mukh ropes used in
strengthening & tying the sail. Each one of them has a unique job(6).
1.
2.
3.
4.
David Howarth, op cit., p.72
The first interviews made with Al-Haj Hassan Abdullah Abdul Rasool.
Eisa Al-Qattami, ibid, p217
John H.A. Jewell, Dhows at Mombasa, East African Pub. House, Nairobi, 1969 p.28
Width of Al-Duriyah is about 70 cm, Past Memories, a radio program, prepared & presented by Mohammed
Habib, series 98
Saif Marzook Al-Shamlan, Diving History, V2, p458
Ibid, V2, P507
• Boat Nails
Al-Fatayel are cotton threads used in filling the gaps between the wooden
boards(1), after being placed in Al-Sal, so as to stick between woods and prevent
water from leaking inside. Wood traders used to bring them from Dubai & India.
5.
6.
55
• Tools Used in Boat Building
9. Al-Qoos:
The tools used in boat building are very simple. Nevertheless there are many good
types of boats that were produced and were plying the Arabian Gulf & Indian
Ocean, and proved to be accurate, strong and safe. These tools included:
It is a cylindrical rectangular shaped wood, with two ends tied with a light
string, and is used in operating the Al-Majdeh holes in the wood from which
boats are made(1).
1. Al-Manqer:
10. Al-Randeh:
It is stated in Lisan Al-Arab, by Ibn Manzoor, that Al-Manqer originates from the
word “Al-Naqer”; which is a sort of grinding stone and also means “to hit”. The
Minqer is a tool and the plural is Manaqeer. Al-Naqeer is the leftovers of wood,
rocks … etc. It follows that Al-Manqer is an Arab word that gives the meaning
of shaving and cleaning the wood.
11. Al-Handazeh (Al-Handaseh):
2. Manqer Kalfat:
It is a metal piece with one part having two ends; such that it is used to insert
threads between wooden pieces, so that water cannot penetrate inside the boat.
The plural is Gadayem or Gudam. It is a tool used by boat workers for slicing or
carving of wood.
It is stated in Lisan Al-Arab that Al-Minshaar (saw) is a tool used for cutting
wood. It is made of different sizes; large and small and each one has its own
use.
5. Al-Sheba:
It is a tool used by boat workers to hold the wood. It is an Arabic word and it
is mentioned in Lisan Al-Arab that Al-Shabus means overlapping tree thorns;
which is the same job done by Al-Shabaseh.
6. Al-Sakkineh:
8. Al-Majdeh:
It is a tool used by boat workers in making
in the wood through the
arch so that it will be easy to place and hammer nails.
1.
2.
Lesan Al-Arab – Key word: Tarq
Lesan Al-Arab – Key word: Jadeh
The above mentioned boat building tools are used in making various boat
parts that together form the external body of the boat, deck and inner parts.
They consist of the following:
• Firstly External Body of the Boat(3)
1. Bais of the Boat
It is the base and backbone of the boat. Al-Bais is an Arab word and Ibn Manzoor
said that it means toughness or something inevitable. It is the baseline from
which boat body is built and from it ribs extend. It is also known as Harrab; which
is a Persian word that means the draught of the boat or the submersible part.
1.
2.
Howarth, op cit., p.70
Al-Ballad was mentioned in the book of Ahmed bin Majid: Thalathet Azhar in Ma’arifat Al Behaar, p.102, edited
and published by New Door Chomonoski, translation & commentary of Dr. Mohammed Munir Musa, Aalam Al
Kutub, Cairo, 1969.
See Eisa Al-Qattami, ibid p.228 and on. Articles we made about boat builders whose names already mentioned,
and books of Ustaz Saif Al-Shamlan, and the Concise Kuwaiti Encyclopedia. Howarth, ibid, p.23
3.
56
It is a block of lead with a rope tied to it containing marks for measuring water
depth(2).
16. Boat Parts:
holes(2)
It is a large needle used in sewing the sails of the boat
15. Al-Balad
It is a tool used for holding wood.
Al-Tarq means hitting, and Al-Mitraqeh (hammer) is used by blacksmith for hitting(1).
Therefore Al-Mitraqeh is a tool used for hitting nails in the wood of the ship.
It is the chalk by which the Ustaz (boat builder) of the boat marks the woods
used in boat building.
14. Al-Maiber:
7. Al-Mitraqeh:
It is used to measure the length of woods necessary for building various parts
of the boat.
13. Al-Shakeh:
4. Al-Minshaar:
It is a metal piece of a triangular shape, with grading & marks (Akhnan) with a
hole from which hangs a light rope at the end of which is a heavy iron piece. It
is used to gauge the degree of deviation and as a balance of the boat.
12. Al-Khait (Duriya):
3. Al-Gadoom (Al-Jadoom):
It is Al-Fareh (iron jack plane) used in shaving woods.
57
2. Mail Sader
It relates to the boat’s front parts
3. Mail Tafer
The board of the stern
4. Al-Malek (Al-Malej)
A wooden board extending above the Bais of a boat
5. Al-Khudd
Daqqal
Qaffiah
Ja’ama
Qaffiah
A wooden board next to Al-Malek directly
Qalami
Qaffiah
Qaffiah
Qaffiah
Qaffiah
Qababeeb
Qabqeb
Al-Abd
7. Al-Da’aoomeh
6. Al-Barmeel
It is placed above the Al-Mail to keep it in place
Placed on the head of Al-Bais near Mail Sader to protect it in case of collision
Qayem
Rayar
Qaffiah
Qaffiah
8. Al-Kamer
Bandeereh
Qaffiah
Farmal
Kalb
Farmal
Taj
Kayaeh
Satoor
Hawa
Farmal
Yamaou
Dustoor
Qaffiah
Shareek
Khunn
Al-Sades
Jalibout
Al-Saabeh
12. Al-Zabdreh
Aidar
Al-Sades
Sekkan
Al-Khames
13. Al-Hejab
Al-Raaba’a
Bais
Malek
Al-Hudd
Al-Thaleth
9. Al-Qaitan
58
A wooden board above Al-Kaher encircling the boat’s body
10. Al-Manthareh
A wooden board between Al-Qaitan & Al-Kamer
11. Al-Tareek (Al-Tareej)
The last board in the body placed at the edges of a boat
A wooden board placed at both sides of Fannat Al-Naqer
The upper part of the stern of the boat
14. Al-Aalia
Parts of Boat’s External Body
A thick wooden board placed in the middle of the boat’s body to bind it together
The upper part of the bow of the boat
15. Al-Jald
The lower part of the stern or bow of the boat
59
16. Al-Qayem
8. Kashteel Sader
A perpendicular board at the stern of a boat.
17. Al-Kalb
9. Hejab (Hiab)
A wooden rib at the bow of a boat.
18. Al-Khaiseh & Al-Taaradeh
Prominent wooden ribs at the stern used for tying the boat’s flag, sail lines,
and supporters of the small and large Farman.
19. Al-Satoor
A prominent wooden piece at the bow, also known as Al-Aanafeh.
Safety barrier located at the stern.
1. Sawr Al-Daqal
They are the center point upon which the large Daqal rests.
2. Al-Sawari
A bundle of perpendicular woods of various sizes extending from the bow to
the stern to lift the boards of the deck.
3. Al-Mashaiyat
An opening in which the mast is fixed and also used in entering various commodities.
A permanent wooden pulley used to lift the sail.
Wooden boards forming the deck of a boat.
Plural is Shalameen. They are wooden ribs upon which the external boards of
the boat are based.
Internal belt of the boat, located in the middle area.
Located at the stern and made as a store of supplies, known as Al-Daboosa.
1.
Al-Qattami, ibid, p.31, Interviews we made with boat builders whose names already mentioned, and books of
Ustaz Saif Marzook Al-Sha’alan, and the Concise Kuwaiti Encyclopedia.
60
They are wooden ribs in the shape of angles fixed at the front of the boat.
14. Hezam
The plural is Huzum. They are thick wooden boards of a rectangular shape
extending throughout the length of the boat to support it.
15. Fils
It is the wooden base upon which the boat’s Daqal is based.
16. Al-Ghol
They are wooden blocks supporting the Fils and hold up Al-Naash.
17. Jalankeh
They are wooden ribs to stabilize the boat’s body.
18. Aqrab
They are wooden ribs linking the left & right Anaj similar to boat belts.
19. Al-Reqa’a
7. Sawer & Boards of Al-Neem
They are curved wooden ribs taking the shape of boat’s ribs and supporting them.
13. Karweh
6. Al-Fakh
5. Deck’s Boards
A cover used to cover the nozzle of the boat’s chamber (Al-Jamereh) such as Jali
Makina and Jali Sader.
11. Shalman
4. Al-Obaidar
12. Atfa
• Secondly: Internal Parts & Deck of the Boat(1)
It is a front wooden board located above Kashteel Sader to prevent water leakage.
10. Jali
20. Al-Falki
A place at the bow to protect the front of the boat from waves by means of AlMazareeb affixed therein.
It is the stern with parts called Al-Reel, Al-Anaafeh, Wardeh, Al-Mail Al-Tafri,
Taraf Al-Bais, Al-Thania, and Al-Manhaz.
20. Al-Maqaz
A small opening at the right side of the boat to discharge water from the inside
and is closed with a Ajajeh wood.
61
21. Al-Sikkan (Rudder)
It is used in changing the course and reducing the speed of a boat. It consists
of: Raqabet Al-Sikkan, the steering wheel, Al-Waside, Al-Gardeh, Al-Teslameh,
Al-Muliah, Narrath Al-Sikkan, Al-Qafaniah, and Al-Maddeh.
Al-Salah
Ropes
Al-Qab
22. Al-Kaneh
A wooden piece vertically fixed in Al-Sikkhan (rudder).
23. Al-Hatbat Al-Aalem
It is the mast on which the boat’s flag is raised.
Ranq: A point
put here to
know the extent
of lifting the sail
24. Al-Daqal
Al-Fils
It is the boat’s mast. It is stated in Lesan Al-Arab(1) in the definition of Al-Daqal
and Al-Doqal: A long wood fixed in the middle of the boat upon which the sail
is extended. The boat has more than one Daqal. There is Al-Daqal Al-Aud (main
mast) and Al-Daqal Al-Qalami (small mast). The boat’s Daqal is iconic shaped
and its base rests on the lower part of the boat known as Al-Lesan or Al-Musht
on the Fils of the boat at the location of Al-Daqal(2). Al-Musht is above the
broad side of the base known as Al-Seej, and the upper part of Al-Daqal is
known as Al-Salat located above the Qab of the sail. Near to the south of AlQab there is Al-Ranq; which is a paint for the upper part of Al-Daqal so as to
facilitate identifying the extent to which the sail should be lifted.
Location of
Al-Abd
Al-Seej
Al-Musht
25. Al-Abd
Location of
Al-Daqal
Al-Daqal (Al-Sari) : Mast
It is a wooden rib used to support Al-Daqal and tying it with a rope (Lazyar).
26. Drinking WaterTanks (Tanaki)
The Fanatees (water tanks) are filled with drinking water for sailors during
their voyages and various tasks.
27. Al-Mirsah
Ibn Manzoor(3) defines Al-Mirsah as: The anchor for docking the boat. It is a
huge anchor tied with ropes and released in water to hold the boat motionless.
The anchor consists of a long metal bar of different sizes known as Al-Karrab
and the crescent shaped anchor known as Al-Meej; which has a sharp edge
known as Al-Qafsheh(4).
Al-Nabbash
Izghaba
Al-Farman which holds the sail
Al-Harth
1.
2.
3.
4.
See Daqal.
John H.A. Jewell, Dhows at Mombasa, East African Pub. House Nairobi, p.27
Lesan Al-Arab, Key word: Rasa
Saif Al-Shamlan, ibid, V2, p.234
H.R.P. Dickson, The Arab of the Desert, a glimpse into badawinn life in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, George Allen &
Unwin. Ltd, London, p.482
Al-Nabbash
Al-Dustoor
Al-Harth
Parts of Boat’s External Body
From: Saif Marzook Al-Shamlan, History of Pearl Diving in Kuwait & Arabian Gulf, Volume II
62
63
28.Al-Sin
It is a type of anchor made of solid rocks in a triangular shape and a pointed
end with a hole to hold a short iron chain known as Al-Karrab. A hole is also
made in the base to place Hadiat Al-Sin, which rises a little bit from the surface
in both directions such that it will hold the rocky seabed. Al-Karrab is tied with
a long tail known as Al-Kharrab extending 25 – 30 Baita or Hizma, each of them
measures 50 Ba’a (span of overstretched hands) i.e. 90 meters so as to hold
the boat when it reaches Al-Maghas(1).
29. Al-Bawareh
Hadeedat Al-San
Al-Karrab
It is a metal tool of different sizes & weights used as an anchor for the boat
in the bed of sandy & muddy seas. It consists of a metal bar linking the ring
where a rope called Al-Ataad is tied. Its arched head (Al-Hilp) is known as AlMeej, and it has two sharp edges known as Al-Qafsha. A rod called Al-Danqa is
placed in a perpendicular manner with Al-Saq near the ring, to hold Al-Saq by
means of Al-Qirdi(2).
Al-San
There are several types of Al-Bawareh, among them is Al-Muliah, which weighs
6 Hanader (300 kg), with a length of 7 up to 8 zura’a (arms). The length of its
Qafshats ranges from 4 to 5 arms, and its Dang from six to seven arms(3).
30. Al-Mejdaf (Rowing Pedals)
Anchor
It is a tool used to operate boats in case the sail was not in use. It consists of
a stem and a head. The stem is a long piece of wood and the part linking the
head is known as Al-Madaj, the central as Al-Sawar, and the last as Lezban. The
head has different shapes such as the heart, square, and rectangle depending
on the type of use. The rowing pedal of Al-Jalibout has a heart-shaped head.
Those used for diving boats have square heads and upright handle, whereas
fishing boats have rectangular-shaped rowing pedals(4), and so on.
Al-Qafsha
31. Boat Sail
Al-Saq
Sails used by boats up a time not very long ago have a variety of names depending on size and conditions of use; and the most famous types of which are(5):
Al-Meej
Al-Halaqa
a) The Large Sail
It is the biggest sail and used in the normal climatic conditions where the wind
is blowing reasonably.
b) The Medium Sail
It is a middle sail between the Large Sail and Al-Tarkeet Sail, and is used when
the wind increases.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Saif Al-Shamlan, ibid, V2, p236-243
ibid, V2, p.241 and on
Past Memories, a radio program, prepared by Mohammed Habib, Series 98
Hamad Mohammed Al-Saaidan, Concise Kuwaiti Encyclopedia, V3, p.1341
Saif Al-Shamlan, ibid, V2, p445
64
65
c) The Sail (Al-Qalami)
Al-Bowreh
It is a sail of a size smaller than Al-Tarkeet Sail and is lifted if the wind blew
heavily.
d) The Sail (Al-Jibe)
Al-Qafsha
It is smaller than the Al-Qalami Sail and is lifted by sailors if the wind is extremely heavy. There are also other small sails which have different uses such
as side sails, like the Al-Koshi sail, Al-Maraba’a, and Al-Bumiah. Sometimes
sailors opt not to lift any of these sails and settle for air & wave thrust.
Al-Meej
32. Parts of the Sail
Al-Halaqeh
Al-Saq
Al-Gurdi
The Sail consists of multiple parts as stated below(1):
a) Al-Farman
Al-Danqa
Al-Gurdi
It is a long wooden piece holding the sail with a slight curve in the middle
when touching Al-Daqal at a point known as Izghubeh.
b) Al-Nabbash
Al-Meej
Al-Qafsha
Madjeej
Al-Maidaf
Al-Saf
Al-Sawar
c) Al-Dastoor
Al-Dharrab
Lazaban
It is a light & long wood fixed to Al-Farman and used in lifting the main mast.
It is a wood located between the front of the boat and Al-Daqal. It forms the
base upon which the sail is based and tied. Both sides of Al-Dastoor are known
as Al-Harth.
d) Al-Thafreh
It is the front side of the sail.
e) Al-Shuqqeh
Al-Gharbiah
Al-Maidaf (Large Boats)
It is a piece of the sail’s cloth.
f ) Al-Damen
Al-Ghadoof
AlMadjeej
Al-Sawar
Lazaban
Al-Maidaf (Small Boats)
It is the rope of the sail and also known as Al-Karr.
g) Al-Daroor
1.
They are the short ropes tying the upper and lower Daisi of the sail with AlFarman.
ibid, p. 446
66
67
h) Al-Josh (Al-Yoush)
The back of the sail tied with the Darakat Al-Josh
i) Al-Mukh
Darakat Al-Jebe
j) Naqa’a of the Boat
Munafa’a
Boat building is linked with the availability of several Naqa’as, which were until recently, extending along the coast of Kuwait.
Ibn Manzoor(1) says: Al-Naqa’a is a water coral, refined / accumulated water.
Al-Naqiee is a well with plenty of water. The word refers to the availability of AlNaqa’a at that time in Kuwait. They were small dock bays engulfed by marine
rocks to break waves. They were built by Kuwaitis and were attributed to those
responsible for them and their maintenance.
Different sources(2) list the names of those Naqa’as extending from the Qubleh
to Sharq as follows:
– Naqa’a of Ahmed Abdul Mohsin Al-Kharafi
Al-Shafrah
Munafa’a
Batn Al-Jibe
Al-Yoush
Darakat
Al-Damen
Al-Dasi
Darakat Al-Yoush
It is the rope placed inside the sail to strengthen it.
Munafa’a
Batn Al-Jibe
Al-Damen Rope
Al-Dome
Thick Rope
Al-Shafreh
Shuqqeh
Shuqqeh
r
pe
Up
Shuqqeh
Thick Rope
i
s
Da
Al-Dahmeh
Batn Al-Shura’a
Thick Rope
Nafas Al-Yoush
Al-Hadri
Darakat Al-Yoush
Thick Rope
Al-Dasi
Darakat
Al-Damen
Darakat
Al-Khamari
Al-Damen
Rope
Parts of the Sail
1.
2.
Lesan Al-Arab – Key word: Naqa’a
Saif Al-Shamlan, ibid, V1, PP231-235, Kuwaiti Folkore, V1, Kuwait 1978, p47 and the following pages.
68
69
Al-Ghanja Al-Raghla
Al-kuteti
Al-Dingiah
Al-Boum
Al-Shunee
Al-Baqqareh
Al-Badan
Zarooq
Za’aeema
Za’aeema
Al-Harir Boat
Al-Sanbook
Different types of Sikkan (Al-Shindeh)
70
Al-Bateel
East African Boat
A type of Balam in Shutt Al-Arab
Different types of Sikkan (Al-Annafeh)
71
Al-Neem
Upper Deck
Al-Kashteel
Draught Line
Al-Boum Deck
Body Plan
Upper Deck
Lower Deck
Draught Line
Base Length
Sheer Plan
Half Plan
72
73
Sheer Plan
Body Plan
Half Plan
74
75
A Selection
of Angique
Photos
78
79
80
81
82
83
Heritage Harvest is Crucial to the Welfare of
our Generations
Thank God, and thanks to the efforts of our true compatriots,
as well as the employees of RTA Marine Agency, this publication could be compiled with a view to document and preserve
our maritime heritage from oblivion & extinction. We are now
able to have it presented in a fashionable shape to our current
and future generations so as to strengthen their sense of belonging to this land, and deepen their pride of ancestors, who
excelled in boat-building, sea-surfing, and pearl-diving.
The intention of compiling this book was to list and document
terminologies that were prevailing & circulating among our
ancestors in boat-building industry. The book narrates various
names & designations of components, materials and all particulars containing rich heritage expressions that ought to be
highlighted, defined and sustained by our community.
While compiling this work, we have been privileged to meet
a handful of elderly UAE boat builders, who made substantial
contribution to this industry and boast extensive knowledge in
this field. They assisted us in listing and documenting jargons
and language spoken in those decades, and their rich knowledge & experience helped developing our marine heritage up
to the admirable current standards.
Engineer Mohammed Ali Al-Bastaki
Design Manager
Marine Projects Dep’t
Marine Agency
84

Al-Ghanja

Transcription

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