expect the best - Merschman Seeds

Transcription

EXPECT THE BEST
Soybean Seed Treatment
Your friend in the field.®
Always read and follow label instructions. ILeVO® is a registered trademark of Bayer.
EXPECT
Soybean
What is ILeVO®?
 ILeVO® seed treatment is the only solution for
Sudden Death Syndrome that has activity against
nematodes. It protects the root system against the
SDS fungus and has activity on nematodes in the
seed zone, producing healthier plants for higher
yield potential.
THE BEST
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Top Soybean Pests
ILeVO® provides protection for 2 of the top 5 Soybean pests:
Sudden Death Syndrome & Soybean Cyst Nematode
Yield loss (bushels)
Diseases
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
5 yr Average
Soybean cyst nematode
120,048,000
118,129,000
97,940,397
125,650,565
133,115,238
118,976,640
Seedling diseases
55,492,000
56,042,000
46,327,562
23,048,260
44,317,103
45,045,385
Charcoal rot
9,417,000
38,552,000
41,720,708
73,364,448
39,169,879
40,444,807
Sudden death syndrome
34,473,000
70,088,000
21,868,235
20,417,654
28,554,330
35,080,244
Phytophthora rot
44,679,000
38,774,000
34,856,052
23,151,711
30,203,419
34,332,836
Sclerotinia stem rot
59,275,000
23,651,000
11,762,263
3,902,656
16,115,617
22,941,307
Brown stem rot
19,942,000
13,658,000
15,916,517
12,494,432
10,468,833
14,495,956
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
How Important is SCN?
Source: G. Tylka, ISU

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN),
(Heterodera glycines) is the leading
cause of soybean yield loss in N. America.

SCN symptoms are NOT unique or
diagnostic; they may look like those due
to many other causes.

SCN is not always visible on roots of
infected plants.

SCN can cause significant yield loss
without any above ground symptoms and
can go undetected for numerous
years

SCN are developing resistance to the
commonly used plant based tolerant
varieties (i.e.. PI 88788)

Growers lose 1-2.5 bu/acre for every
1,000 SCN eggs at planting
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Soybean Nematodes
 Over 100 species of nematodes have
been shown to feed on soybeans,
but undoubtedly the major
nematode affecting soybeans is
Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN)
 Additional nematode species that
can cause damage include root
knot, reniform, lance, lesion, ring,
stubby root and sting
Image courtesy of UGAm PlantPath
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Does SCN Interact with Other Diseases?
 Infection by SCN juveniles and the eruption from roots by
the maturing females creates openings in the root surface
that can serve as entry points for other soil-borne soybean
pathogens such as Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora,
Fusarium (the cause of sudden death syndrome, Fusarium
wilt, Fusarium root rot) and Macrophomina (the charcoal rot
pathogen).
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
How Important is Sudden Death Syndrome
(SDS) prevention?
 Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS), (Fusarium
virguliforme) has contributed to an annual yield
loss of over $540M /year since 2009 and the
trend is on the rise
 When SDS visual symptoms are present, yield loss
can exceed 70%
 When no SDS visual symptoms are experienced,
root rot affects can still contribute to 20-30% yield
loss
 SDS is persistent in all soil types and overwinters
on corn and cotton making traditional rotational
practices less effective
Highly affected
SDS market
 Movement of SDS is on the rise -- started in AR in
1971 and now cases are reported in Canada
Source: IPSOS Market Research
EXPECT
Soybean
Distribution of SDS – North America
2002
1997
2005
2004
1993
1997
1986
1992
1993
1984
1971
1999
1986
2000
1984
1997
1984
1984 1997
1997
Source: J. Bond SILU
THE BEST
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome
 The causal agent of SDS is Fusarium virguliforme (or Fusarium
solani f. sp. glycines).
 It is a soil-borne pathogen and once present in a field can be easily
spread with soil movement.
 Initial infections occur on the roots and crowns of young soybean
plants as early as the seedling stage.
 Infection by F. virguliforme causes root rot.
 Hallmarks of soybean SDS include foliar necrosis and chlorosis,
vascular discoloration of roots and stems, root rot and death.
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome
 Infection can occur at any time, but earlier infection results in
increased disease severity.
 Infection from germination to early V stages leads to colonization
of xylem vessels and greater symptom production.
 First noticeable symptoms of SDS occur at R2 and are caused
by toxin(s) the fungus produces.
 Fields are photosynthesizing very well means that the toxin the
fungus makes can move through the plant more efficiently.
 Foliar symptoms include leaf drop, reduced ability of the plant
to provide nutrients to promote pod fill, aborted pods, and
ultimately yield losses.
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Hidden Phase of SDS: Root Rot
“The fact that some plants showed significant root rot, but escaped
the development of foliar symptoms, demonstrates the complexity of
a disease”
-
Mbofung, Harrington, Steimel, Navi, Yang, and Leandro 2012. Can J. Plant Pathol.
 SDS is one of the most aggressive soybean root rot pathogens
 The root rot phase of SDS will occur in the absence of foliar SDS
symptoms
 Soybean tolerance to SDS does not protect against the root rot
phase of SDS
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Protects Against Root Rot Caused by SDS
SDS Tolerant Variety
64.3 bu
55.9 bu
+ 8.4 bu/acre
Base + 0.15 mg ILeVO
Base Treatment
SDS Susceptible Variety
59.7 bu
51.6 bu
+ 8.1 bu/acre
Base + 0.15 mg ILeVO
Base Treatment
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Reduces Root Infection by SDS Pathogen
ILeVO® @ SDS rate^
Control
Confocal microscopy
^SDS rate = 0.15 mg ai/seed of ILeVO
ILeVO® @ 0.075mg ai/seed
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
2014 – Showcase Trial, Iowa
Base - No ILeVO®
ILeVO® – SDS rate^
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Reduces Intensity of SDS Foliar Symptoms
52 bu/acre
60 bu/acre
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Yield Impact and Disease Index
 Yield Losses commonly do not exceed 20-30% of a crop, but cases have occurred
where yields were reduced >70% due to SDS.
 At R6 (full seed), for every 10 unit increase in the disease index (DX)
there is a 7% reduction in yield.
 Rating Foliar Symptoms
 Disease Incidence (DI) - % of plants in the plot showing leaf symptoms.
 Disease Severity (DS) - Severity of diseased plants scored on a 1-9 scale.
 Disease Index (DX) = (DI*DS)/9; range of 0 (no disease) to 100 (all plants
prematurely dead at or before R6).
EXPECT
Soybean
Disease Index (DX) < 20 = 2.6 – 3.8 bu/A
Your friend in the
field.®
J.Bond, SILU
THE BEST
EXPECT
Soybean
Disease Index of 25 - 30 = 6.8 bu/acre
J.Bond, SILU
Your friend in the
field.®
THE BEST
EXPECT
Soybean
Disease Index (DX) 50 – 60 = 8.0 bu/acre
J.Bond, SILU
THE BEST
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
2011 – 2014 ILeVO® Yield Benefit
Average Yield Benefit from ILeVO Compared to Control
trt.*(Bu/Acre)
181 Sudden Death Syndrome Trials Across USA
Disease Pressure Ranged from 0 – 80 Disease Index^ Scores
16
14.34
14
12
10
8
6.86
8
7.77
5.24
6
4
6.96
6.81
3.78
2.63
2
0
Disease Index Disease Index Disease Index Disease Index Disease Index Disease Index Disease Index Disease Index Disease Index
0
0 -10
11-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
61-70
71-80
14 Trials
83 Trials
24 Trials
16 Trials
15 Trials
10 Trials
6 Trials
7 Trials
6 Trials
11 - IL
14 - AR
12 - IN
0
13 - IL
13 - IL
13 - MI
-5
-10
Posi ti ve Yi el d Response obser ved at 89% of
the Si tes. 72% of the ti me yi el d benefi t i s
2 bu/ acr e or mor e
Average
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 -AR
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
13 - KS
13 - KS
EXPECT
13 - KS
13 - KS
14 - IL
14 - IL
13 - IL
13 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IA
14 - IL
13 - IL
13 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
12 - IL
14 - IA
12 - IN
14 - AR
14 - IA
13 - KS
13 - KS
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
12 - CAN
14 - IA
14 - IL
12 - CAN
14 - MN
14 - IA
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - MN
14 - MN
13 - IL
13 - IL
14 - IA
12 - IL
14 - IL
13 - IL
13 - IL
14 - IA
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IA
14 - IA
12 - IN
14 - IA
14 - MN
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IA
13 - IL
13 - IL
12 - MN
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IL
14 - IA
14 - AR
14 - IA
14 - MI
13 - MN
13 - MN
11 - IL
13 - MI
13 - MI
13 - IL
13 - IL
14 - MI
11 - CAN
14 - IL
14 - IA
14 - MI
13 - AR
13 - AR
14 - MN
14 - IL
11 - IL
11 - IL
11 - IA
14 - IL
14 - IA
14 - MI
14 - MI
13 - MO
13 - MO
11 - IL
14 - MI
14 - AR
13-WI
13-WI
14 - AR
13 - Ar
13 - Ar
13 - IN
13 - IN
13 - MN
13 - MN
12 - IL
14 - MI
13 - IN
13 - IN
14 - MN
12 - IN
12 - CAN
14 - AR
13-WI
13 - IL
13 - IL
13-WI
13 - IL
13 - IL
12 - IL
14 - MI
13 - MI
13 - MI
11 - WI
11 - IL
12- AR
14 - MI
11 - WI
13 - IL
13 - IL
11 - IL
11 - MN
13 - MN
13 - MN
11 IN
12 - IL
11 IN
11 - IA
12 - IN
12 - MN
14 - IA
14 - AR
14 - AR
11 IN
11 - IA
14 - MI
14 - MN
14 - IL
11 - IL
11 - IL
12 - IN
14 - IA
12 - IN
11 - WI
11 - IL
13 - IL
13 - IL
14 - MI
14 - MN
13 - IN
13 - IN
11 - IL
13 - MI
5
14 - MI
20
11 - IL
13 - IL
13 - IL
14 - MN
Soybean
THE BEST
2011 – 2014 ILeVO® Yield Benefit
190 Sudden Deat h Syndr ome Tr ials Acr oss USA
Aver age Yield r esponse = 5.4 Bu/Acr e
15
10
5.4
2
EXPECT
Soybean
30
20
Yield Benefit of ILeVo @ SDS rate^:
2014 Trials
ILeVO® evaluated on 92 varieties spread across eight locations.
94.6% of the trials showed a yield benefit which averaged 7.7 bu/acre.
15
10
5
0
-5
AR
MN
MI
MN
MI
IA
IL
MN
MI
AR
AR
IA
MI
MI
AR
MN
MI
AR
AR
MI
MI
MI
IA
IL
IL
MN
MI
IA
IL
MI
MI
IA
AR
IA
IL
IL
IL
IL
IA
IL
IL
MN
IA
IA
IA
IL
IL
IL
IA
IL
IA
MN
MN
IL
IL
IL
IL
IA
MN
IL
IA
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IA
AR
IA
IL
IL
IL
IL
IA
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
AR
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
IL
Yield Benefit (bu/acr e)
25
THE BEST
* Yield Advant age was acr oss mult iple seed var iet ies of var ying genet ic t oler ance for SDS;
as well as var ying levels of SDS^ SDS r at e = 0.15 mg ai/seed of I L eVO
-10
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
The “Halo” Effect:
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: H ow does I L eVO w or k ?
A1: I L eVO per meat es t he r oot s and young seedlings, moving at a
high-concent r at ion int o t he cot yledons and unifolat es and st ays in t he
seed zone.
Q: What causes the H alo Effect on the cotyledons?
A: The H alo Effect is limit ed t o t he cot yledons and does not appear on
t he unifoliat e or t r ifoliat es (t r ue leaves). The discolor at ion is limit ed t o
t he edge of t he cot yledons and is t r igger ed by t he I L eVO seed
t r eat ment t hat is absor bed int o cot yledons aft er syst emic movement .
Q: H ow long does the discolor ation last?
A: The discolor at ion last s on t he cot yledons unt il t hey fall off t he plant ;
however, once plant gr owt h r esult s in unifoliat es and init ial t r ifoliat e
pr oduct ion t he plant will appear nor mal in color.
“Halo” Effect
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
ILeVO® Unique Mode of Action
high
low
Soil sur face
10DAP 14DAP
27 DAP
60 DAP
cot yledons 60DAP
• M oves fr om Seed Tr eatment to Zone Ar ound Root & Cr ow n of Plant
• I L eVO can be det ect ed mainly in t he cot yledons wit h r emar kable concent r at ions also
in t he seed zone, and t he par t of t he st em below t he soil sur face
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Q: H ow does I L eVO w or k ?
A: I L eVO per meat es t he r oot s and young seedlings, moving at a
high-concent r at ion int o t he cot yledons and unifolat es and st ays in
t he seed zone.
Q2: What causes the H alo Effect on the cotyledons?
A2: The H alo Effect is limit ed t o t he cot yledons and does not appear on
t he unifoliat e or t r ifoliat es (t r ue leaves). The discolor at ion is limit ed t o
t he edge of t he cot yledons and is t r igger ed by t he I L eVO seed
t r eat ment t hat is absor bed int o cot yledons aft er syst emic movement .
Q3: H ow long does the discolor ation last?
A3: The discolor at ion last s on t he cot yledons unt il t hey fall off t he
plant ; however, once plant gr owt h r esult s in unifoliat es and init ial
t r ifoliat e pr oduct ion t he plant will appear nor mal in color.
“Halo” Effect
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Q4: I s ther e an effect on seedling emer gence or plant stands
w ith I L eVO?
A4: Aft er four year s of field t est ing, I L eVO®-t r eat ed soybeans emer ge
at t he same speed t hat t he unt r eat ed bean emer ges. The pr esence of
t he H alo Effect does not impact emer gence or plant st ands.
Q5: I s ther e a gr ow th r esponse to I L eVO ®?
A5: I n some inst ances, gr ower s may see an init ial slower gr owt h
r esponse as t he soybean plant begins t o pr ocess or met abolize I L eVO®.
The slower gr owt h allows t he developing plant t ime t o build-up it s
int er nal r esist ance t o I L eVO®, effect ively jump-st ar t ing t he plant ’s
defense r esponse in a manner similar t o how t he human body r eact s t o
vaccines.
Twent y t o 30 days aft er emer gence, gr ower s will begin t o see a
healt hier looking plant , as compar ed t o unt r eat ed soybeans, because of
t he effect ive cont r ol of SDS.
“Halo” Effect
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Unique Mode of Action: Summary
•
•
•
BASE TRT
Necr ot ic cot yledons = “H alo” Effect
• Phot o-sensit ive r eact ion t o t he concent r at ion of
I L eVO on t he mar gin of t he cot yledons
• No impact on emer gence, plant st ands or yields
Dr awst r ing effect & yellowing on t he unifoliat e leaves
• Occur s mor e fr equent under slower gr owing
condit ions
Slow-gr owing dur ing Ve t o V2 st ages
• Par t icular ly when soil & air t emper at ur es ar e cool
• Tr ansit ions quickly t o nor mal plant
char act er ist ics as t r ifoliat es appear
BASE + ILeVO @ 0.15
EXPECT
Soybean
Is There a Response to Herbicides?
Pr e-emer ge her bicides can damage soybean
- I L eVO ® does not incr ease the lik elihood of damage
- I L eVO ® does not incr ease the sever ity of damage
H er bicides Used (20 Tr ials)
•
Aut hor it y XL
•
Fier ce H er bicide
•
Sencor DF
THE BEST
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Distinguishing Between ILeVO “Halo” Effect &
Pre-emergent Herbicide Damage
ALS
ILeVO “Halo” Effect
red veins
Classic
Fir st Rat e
ILeVO “Halo” Effect
VLCFA
stem lesions
cotyledon necrosis
Cobr a
Valor
Spar t an
Photosystem II
leaf chlorosis
drawstringing
growing tip death
yellow leaf tips
chlorotic leaves
Sencor
L or ox
War r ant
Zidua
Dual I I
M agnum
PPO
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
ILeVO® Complaint Handling Guidelines:
•
•
•
•
We ar e likely t o see t he “H alo Effect ” in 90% of all soybean fields on
t he cot yledons and we will not pr ovide 100% cont r ol of SDS in all
cases. Ther efor e, Bayer will not set t le any complaint s involving
eit her incident .
Alleged injur y complaint s t o soybeans t r eat ed wit h I L eVO®
r esult ing fr om secondar y fact or s such as her bicide injur y, insect
feeding, or adver se weat her condit ions will be addr essed on an
individual basis. Tech Ser vice and/or Seed Tr eat ment K AM s Fr om
Bayer must be involved in t he complaint invest igat ion.
Complaint s involving nemat odes will not be addr essed using
nemat ode count s of any kind.
BCS will not compensat e for I L eVO® in r eplant sit uat ions
EXPECT
Soybean
THE BEST
Any Questions?
60 bu/acre
52 bu/acre

expect the best - Merschman Seeds

Transcription

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