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² „ ˆ qb `i_› ± `mk`mjpªs` € cnd3c „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
² „ ¶ — pj g`­biíi_k ˜ vwfhi_jcndwjlfhi „-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
² „ ¶ „ Š biíi_k ˜ v¦fhi_jmcndojpfhi € `m ¦kmv¦jl…'dwjlfhi „L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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Š)‰ „ Š ¬Qªh`v¦ªíjl`èu‘fsr —°h ¢ ch`v „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ Š „ Š —°h bqjpžhicsšp „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ « ]_i_kèdojpfhicsšpjpd „­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ „ Šâbq`mi'›Ê¥P`mcskmfsi „­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ „ ˆ \Pfhi_i_`kd „­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ „ ¶ € jl ¦kmfhi'i_`mkèd „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ „Ùƒ ¯µcs]' w` „­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ „  bq`mi'› € cMd3c „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ „ / ©`žhfsdojlcndo` „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ :„ 9 vwvwfsv Ccsi_›_špjli_ž „-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š)‰ „ ˆ „ ² ZQ] qjpšljÇcnv6 « ]'i_kdwjlfhicnšljpd „­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
U : *@;•<Ä: hS h='@)STGID
ŠhŠ „ Š i0ªíjlvwfsi_g`i0d „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
ŠhŠ „ ˆ « ]_i_kèdojpfhicsšpjpd „­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
ŠhŠ „ ¶ébqjpgY]_šlcndojpfhi „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
ŠhŠ „Ù
ƒ `vwj?_kcndwjlfhi „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
ŠhŠ „  csšpjl›cMdojlfsi „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
9;: *mSTRaDá®­=_NT+S ='@)STGID
ŠAˆ „ Š bqjpgY]_šlcndojpfhi „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
ŠAˆ „ ˆ `vwj?_kcndwjlfhi „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
ŠAˆ „ ¶ csšpjl›cMdojlfsi „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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Š ƒ_„ Š § íf ›_jkcndwjlfhi' „­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„ ² 9
Š ƒ'„ Š „ Šâbq`mžsg`iEdw`mv „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„ ² 9
Š ƒ'„ Š „ ˆ ¯ ˜ í ¦jlkcnš>¢ ch`v „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„ h² ²
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Š ƒ'„ Š „ ¶ § csicnžh`mgŽ`mi0d € cndocM†+špjli_™ „­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ Š „Ùƒ € cndocM†+špjli_™ „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ Š „  ¢¤jli_™ § ]_špdwjl…_šp` q`mv „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ_„ ˆ ¯ÄšÇcMdwrTfhv¦g csi'› i0ªíjlvwfsi_g`i0d „L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ_„ ¶é\PfhgŽgŽfhi € `u_i_jpdwjlfhi_ „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ ¶ „ Š € cndoc¾bídwvw]_kèdo]_v¦`m „-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ ¶ „ ˆ \Pfhi_ Àd3csi0do „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ_„Ùƒ ¬Qªh`v¦ªíjl`èu „L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ ƒ_„ Š — ` ¦d”bq…a`mkmjkcMdojlfsi „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ_„  ± `cs ¦ w`gY^_šl`v „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„  „ Š i0do`mvÀrÉcskm` „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„  „ ˆ € cndoc¾bídwvw]_kèdo]_v¦`m „-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„  „ ¶ « ]_i_kdwjlfhi' „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„  „Ùƒ — ` ¦d”bq…a`mkmjkcMdojlfsi „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ_„ / € cMd3cM†Ñšljli'™ „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ / „ Š i0do`mvÀrÉcskm` „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ / „ ˆ € cndoc¾bídwvw]_kèdo]_v¦`m „-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ / „ ¶ « ]_i_kdwjlfhi' „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ / „Ùƒ i0do`mv¦icsš « ]_i_kèdojpfhi_ „L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š ƒ'„ / „  — ` ¦d”bq…a`mkmjkcMdojlfsi „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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Š  „ Š Q¬ ªh`v¦ªíjl`èu „L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š  „ ˆ § íf ›_jkcndwjlfhi' „­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š  „ ˆ „ Šâ\ ˜ csi_i'`mš „­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š  „ ˆ „ ˆ —‡— \ „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š  „ ¶ — `m ÀdKbq…a`mkj?kmcndojpfhi_ „­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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0Š / „ Š bq`žhgŽ`mi0do`v „­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
0Š / „ Š „ Š — ` ¦d¯Ävwfhžhvwcsg „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
0Š / „ Š „ ˆ — ` ¦d € cndocM†5¢¤jli'™ § fí›_]_šp` „­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
0Š / „ Š „ ¶ ± ` w]_šÆd „­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
0Š / „ ˆ ± `cs ¦ w`gY^_šl`v „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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Š0/ „ ˆ „ ˆ — ` ¦d —°h § fí›_]_šp` „L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š0/ „ ˆ „ ¶ ± ` w]_šÆdo „­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
Š0/ „ ¶ébq`žhgŽ`mi0do`vcni_› ± `cn w w`gY^_šp`mv „­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
0Š / „ ¶ „ Š — ` ¦d € cndocM†+špjli_™ „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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’ ´ ) 1 ¥ „ Š i0dov¦fq›']_kdwjlfhi „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„-„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„ Š)¶ ²
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¥ „ ˆ „ Š « šÇcnž « jl`šl› „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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¥ „ ˆ „ ¶ \Pfhi0dov¦fhš « jl`šl› „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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\ „ ˆ bídocndo`LœKvocs… ˜ „L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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\ „ ¶ „  csšljp›cndwjli_ž „L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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€ „ ˆ —‡˜ ` € cMd3cM†Ñšljli'™¾¢ ch`v „L„-„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„­„­„­„L„­„L„­„­„L„­„L„-„­„L„­„­„L„
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Turn subsystems On/Off
Sat_Coordinates*
Pic_Coordinates
SunPanel_Status
Battery_Status
Info_System On/Off
Error/Alarm
Thermal data
Datalog
Position
Status
Error/Alarm
PSU
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Center
Ground
Station
COM
DHCS
ADCS
PayLoad
Position (NORAD)
TimeSync
Housekeep_Req
Pic_Req
Datalog (housekeep)
Status
Advanced Beacon
Errorlog
Send/Receive
Start/Stop Com
Create/Close Channel
Take_Pic
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User
Coordinate
Satellite photo
publicated on Internet
Communication in function layer:
Initialization
Mission
Control room + ground station
Satellite
Coordinate on orbit
Coordinate to photograph
Starting point for camera control
Forced power save
Analyze photo job
− Estimated power
No
Yes
Decompressed photo material
Compressed photo
No
Yes
NORAD lines (position update)
Current time
SW upgrade
Settings
Do they seem OK?
Yes
Yes
Satellite data to be analyzed
Status
Datalogs
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
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fsvw^_jÆdo d ˜ `­`mcsv¦d ˜ jpicŽ¢ ¬ ;8¢ f)u cnv¦d ˜ ¬”vw^_jÆdu=×cn…_…_vwf qjlgcndw`mš? /h‰h‰}™Eg cs^af)ªh`-žhvwfs]_i_›csi_›
d ˜ `~dovocni_ wgŽjpd¦do`mvQfhiÞd ˜ `~ ocndw`mšpšljpdw`Ldwvocsi_ ¦gjÆdo ”ujÆd ˜ d+uPfucMdwdo -jpid ˜ `~ À†Ñ^csi_› ‚ c; wjpg…_šp`0cnžhj
cniEdw`mi_i_cfsi cv¦fsdofsv ˜ fh]_šl›à^a`; w] kjl`iEd}rTfsvd ˜ `;žsvwfh]_i'›à ¦d3cMdojlfsi „ —‡˜ `{dovwcsi_ wk`mjƪh`mv}]' w`m›
ujpšlš^`k ˜ fh w`i¹rTvwfhgecnd”šlcsvwžs`Lªncsvwjp`dfsr×csgcndo`]_vQvwcs›_jpf{8` 7E]_jp…_g`i0d-cªscnjlšÇcn^_šl` „ —‡˜ `~cskèdo]cnš
›'`mkmjp wjpfhi¹fsr"csi0do`i_icÕcsi_›¹dovwcsi_ ¦km`mjƪh`vKjl ”i_fndKujpd ˜ jliÊd ˜ `} wkfh…`}fnr×d ˜ jl Qvw`m…afhvÀd-csi_›¹ujlšpš>i'fsd
^a`-kmfhi' wjl›'`mvw`›rT]'v¦d ˜ `mv „
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‡— ˜ jl ­k ˜ cs…'dw`mv-ujlšlš–›_`m ¦kmvwjp^`~d ˜ `v¦`87E]_jlv¦`mgŽ`mi0do -dofÕd ˜ `ŽkfhgŽgY]_i_jpkcndwjlfhi¹…_v¦fsdofíkmfsš „ € j?`mv¦`mi0d
dwfh…_jpkm Ëcsi'›Y wfh]'vwkm` ˜ cªh`dwfK^`"kmfhi_ ¦jl›_`vw`›~rTfsv>d ˜ `vw` 7í]'jlvw`g`i0do µ` „ ž „ vw`87E]_jpvw`g`iEdw –rTvwfsg“d ˜ `
ZZ[\P]'^`b'cnd°gjp w ¦jlfhi ‚ d ˜ ` ˜ cnvw›'uPcsvw`-]_ ¦`m›Êcsi_›vw`87E]_` ¦dw rTvwfsg d ˜ `­fnd ˜ `v°žsvwfh]_…' u"fhv¦™íjpi_ž
fsid ˜ `-ZQZ[ \P]_^a`)b'cnd°…_v¦f¦`mkèd „
&# —‡˜ `" aq Àdo`g ^a`mjpi_ž°›_`ªs`mšlfs…`›jl c…_v¦fsdofíkmfhšndof ˜ csi_›_šp`ÄkmfhgŽgY]_i_jpkcndwjlfhiQ^`èd+uP``miYd ˜ `P\P]'^`b'cnd
cni_›d ˜ `-žhvwfs]_i_› ¦d3cMdojlfsi „ —‡˜ `­…_vwfndofíkmfhš ˜ c)ªs`Kdof~rT]_š?špšd ˜ `”rTfhšlšpf)ujli_žYv¦`87E]_jpvw`mgŽ`mi0dw Q
¯×v¦f)ªqjp›_`­c Icušl`m ¦ špjli_™~rTfhv‡kfhgg]_i_jlkmcndojpfhi „
\Pfhg…_cndojp^_šl`QujÆd ˜ d ˜ `­kmcsšlšFicsgŽ`m ‡]_ ¦`m›Êjpi;d ˜ `-vocn›_jlf~csgcndw`m]_v‡kfhgg]_i_jpd „
¯–fh ¦ wjl^'jlšljÆd dwf…cs]_ ¦`cni_› vw`m ¦]_gŽ`Õd ˜ `;kmfsggY]'i_jlkmcndojpfhi ‚ u ˜ `i ` qjpdojpi_žcsi_› `mi0dw`mvwjpi_ž
wjlž ˜ d°fsr>kmfsggY]'i_jlkmcndojpfhi „
¯–fh ¦ wjl^'jlšljÆddwf…'vwjlfsvwjpdwj `Q^a`d+u"`m`mi›_j?`mv¦`mi0ddí…` fsr>›cndoc „
bq]_…_…afhv¦d°gY]'špdojp…_šl` 5k ˜ cni_i_`mšp
†× wjlgŽjlšlcsv"dwf}d ˜ `-…afhv¦dkfhi_km`…'d°jli — \P¯ „
¬K…a`mvwcndo`¹fsiÝc ˜ cnšpr­›_]_…_šp` ášljli'™ ‚ u ˜ jpk ˜ íjp`mšl›' ¾d ˜ `¹rTfhšpšlf)ujli'žCvw` 7E]_jlv¦`mgŽ`mi0do ;dofÐd ˜ `
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bq]_…_…afhv¦dw`m›jli § Z°\ ; § `›_jÇc~Z‡kmk`m w ”\Pfhi0dov¦fhšo=Ělch`mv „
¯×v¦jlfhv¦jpdwj mjpi_ž^a`d+u"`m`i ocMdo`mšpšljÆdo`”cni_›žsvwfh]_i'› Àd3cndwjlfhi „
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Zi;csšpvw`cn›~` q jl Àdojpi_žL›_cnd3cM†Ñšljpi_™…_v¦fsdofíkmfsš ‚ Z „ ˆ í ‚í˜ cs P^a`m`i¾rTfh]_i_›¾csi_›jl × w]_jÆd3cs^_šp`°cs c­^cs wjp rTfsvÄd ˜ `i_`u߅_vwfndofíkmfhš „ Zé›_`èd3csjpšl`m›~›_` wkvwjl…qdojlfsiŽfnrd ˜ `Z „ ˆ  …_vwfndofíkmfhš_jp µrTfh]_i_›Žjli~Z…_…`i_›_j ¥ „ —‡˜ `­Z „ ˆ  …_vwfsdwfqkfhš ˜ cn °^a`m`ik ˜ fh w`irTfhvd ˜ `KrTfhšlšpfAujpi_žYv¦`cs ¦fhi_ Q
d ˜ csi_›_šp`m `mv¦vwfhv‡›_`èdo`kdojpfhicsi_›Õvw`èdovocni_ wgŽjl ¦ wjlfsifnr–kfhvwv¦]_…'d›cndoc „
d ¦]_…_…afhv¦dw kcsšpš³icsgŽ`m „
d ¦]_…_…afhv¦dw ˜ csšpr>›_]_…'šl` „
djp ujl›_`š?¾]_ w`›Êjli;d ˜ `Kvocs›'jlfŽcsgcndo`]_vkmfsggY]'i_jpd „
djp uP`šlš¤›_fíkm]'g`iEdw`m› „
Z ¦`m`miàjpiCZ…_…`i_›_j Ð¥âZ „ ˆ  w]_…_…afhvÀdo ^afsd ˜ kmfhi'i_`mkèdojlfsiq†+fhv¦jl`iEdw`m›Ccsi_›Ðkfhi_i_`kdojpfhiq†Ñšl`m ¦ dwvocsi' wgŽjl w ¦jlfhi' „ —‡˜ `­i_`uυ_vwfndofíkmfhš³ujpšlšF]' w`-d ˜ `-kmfsi_i_`mkèdojpfhiq†+fsvwjl`i0do`m›Õ…cnv¦dfsr–Z „ ˆ  ` qk`m…'d
rTfsvdovocni_ wgŽjl ¦ wjlfsi;fsr–d ˜ `- ocndw`mšlšpjpdw`Q^a`cskfhi „
—‡˜ `gcsjpiC›_vwc)u^_csk3™Cujpd ˜ Z „ ˆ  jp Yjpdw šlcsk3™ fnr ¦]_…_…afhv¦d}rTfsv…_v¦jlfhv¦jpdojp`m „ « ]'v¦d ˜ `mvwgŽfhv¦`¾jpdw kmcs…cs^'jlšljÆdojp`m Kdof…_cs]_ w`Õcni_›Ðvw` w]_gŽ`{kfhgg]_i_jlkmcndojpfhi csvw`i_fsd} ¦] kmjl`i0d „ ܘ `iÐd ˜ `{Z „ ˆ 
špfqfs w`m ÕjÆdo ;kmfsi_i_`mkèdojpfhiÏcnšlš”›cMd3cÐucnjpdojpi_ž jliÜjpdw {dovwcsi_ wgŽjpdÕ^']F`vcsvw` ]_ ˜ `m› ‚ d ˜ jp gŽ`cni_ d ˜ cnd­dovwcsi_ wgŽjl ¦ wjpfhi fnrc›_cnd3c^_šlfík3™¹f)ªh`mvL w`èªh`mvwcsšP…_cs w ¦`m Yjp ­i'fsd ¦]_…_…afhv¦dw`m›Ð^ÞZ „ ˆ  „ ZQi
cn…_…_vwfs…_vwjlcndo`K ¦fhšl]'dwjlfhi{dwf}d ˜ ` w`­…_vwfh^'šl`mgŽ ujlšpš ˜ cªs`­dwfŽ^a`-›_`ªs`mšpfh…`› „
« fhšpšlf)ujli'žd ˜ `Õ¬-b gfí›_`š ‚ ›'`m wkvwjp^`›àjliÐZ…_…`i_›_j €Y‚ d ˜ `{Z „ ˆ  jl ­d ˜ `{›_cnd3cM†Ñšljpi_™šÇcs`mv
;É w`kmfhi_›~šlc1s`mv*= ‚ …_v¦jlfhv¦jpdwj mjpi_ž°csi_›Y…_cs]_ w` nvw` w]_gŽ`rT]_i_kèdojpfhi_ >ujpšlš ˜ cªh`dwf”^a` ˜ csi'›_šl`›}jli ˜ jlž ˜ `v
šlch`mv¦ „ Z‡kkmfhv¦›_jli_ž~dofŽd ˜ `¬-b gŽfq›'`mš³d ˜ `L›_` wjpvw`m›rT]_i_kèdojlfsicsšljÆd{v¦8` 7E]_jlv¦`m °^fnd ˜ c}dovwcsi_ ¦…fhvÀd
cni_›Ï ¦`m w ¦jlfhiݚÇch`v „ iåd ˜ jp Յ_vwf¦`kdjpd ˜ cªs`C^a`m`miÝk ˜ fh ¦`mii_fndʛ_` wjpžhiåd+u"fájpi_›_`m…a`mi'›_`mi0d
šlch`mv¦ ‚ ^_]qdYdofjpi_kmfsvw…afhvocndw`m›àcnšlšËd ˜ `rT]_i_kdwjlfhi_csšljÆd¹jli0dofÊfhi_`¾šlch`mvkcsšpšl`m›Þd ˜ ` —°h šlch`mv „
—‡˜ `­f)ªs`mv ˜ `cs›jli{›'`m wjpžhicsi_›;jpg…_šp`mgŽ`mi0dojpi_žLd+u"f~jli_›'`m…a`mi_›_`i0dšÇch`vw uPcs ›_`m`g`›Õdwf}šÇcsv¦žh` „
« ]_vÀd ˜ `vwgŽfhvw`d ˜ `…'vwfsdwfqkfhšQ^a`mjpi_žÐ›_`èªh`mšpfh…a`m›éd ˜ `rT]_i_kdwjlfhi_csšljÆdojl` v¦8` 7E]_jpvw`m›árTv¦fhg d ˜ `¬-b ¦`m ¦ wjlfsicsi_›;dwvocsi_ ¦…fsv¦d°šÇch`vcsvw`-`mcs wjpš?{kfhgY^_jpi_`m›Õjpifsi_`KšÇch`v „
Z“kfhg…'šl`dw`K^_šlfík3™¾›'jÇcsžhvwcsg fsr>d ˜ `-…_vwfndofíkmfhš³ Àd3csk3™;jp ‡ w™n`dok ˜ `m›¹jli « jlžh]_v¦` / „ Š „
« fhvd ˜ `­cs…_…_špjlkmcndojpfhi_ P]' wjli'ž~d ˜ `-…_vwfndofíkmfhš³jÆdujlšpšF ¦`m`mg cn c}dwvocsi' w…csv¦`mi0dšljli'™Ždwf~d ˜ `-žhvwfs]_i_›
Àd3cndwjlfhi ‚ ujpd ˜ d ˜ `­cs^_jpšljpdŽdof~ ¦`mi_››_j?`mv¦`mi0d‡dí…` fsr>›cndocYujpd ˜ ›_jF`vw`iEd°…_v¦jlfhv¦jpdwjl`m „
©°fsd"csšlš'šÇch`vw ËrTvwfhgâd ˜ `¬-b gŽfí›_`mšcnvw`i_`mk`m ¦ ocsva ‚ ` „ ž „ cKi_`d+u"fhvw™~šlc1s`mvÄjl Ëi'fsd×i_`m`›_`m› wjli'km`
d ˜ `-…_vwfndofíkmfhšFujpšlš³fsi_š?¾^`K]_ ¦`m›^`èd+uP``miÊd ˜ `-žhvwfh]'i_›Õ ¦d3cMdojlfsicni_›;d ˜ `- ocMdo`mšpšljÆdo` „
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kfhgŽgY]_i_jpkcndwjlfhi „ « ]_v¦d ˜ `mv¦gfsvw`‡gY]_šÆdojp…_šl`k ˜ csi_i_`šl Äujlšlš'^`°cªncsjlšlcs^_šl`"dofLc ˜ jlž ˜ `vĚÇch`v ‚ d ˜ ` w`
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Satellite
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Physical
Radio
Radio
Presentation
Session
Transport
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« jpžh]_v¦` / „ ŠAÄ¢cs`mv ¦dwvw]_kèdo]_v¦`Lfsrd ˜ `­…'vwfsdwfqkfhš
cnvw`°]_ w`›¾dof­dovocni_ wgŽjpdě_jF`vw`iEd×dí…` PfsrF›cndoc „ ZQif)ªh`mvÀªíjl`uÜfnr³d ˜ `°gcsjli~…csvÀdo ×fsrFd ˜ ` —°s
šlch`mvkmcsi^a`- w``mijli « jlžs]_vw` / „ ˆ „
— f” ¦fhšpªs`"d ˜ `P…_v¦fh^_šl`gujpd ˜ …cs]' wjli'ž”csi_›vw`m ¦]_gŽjli_ž°kmfhgŽgY]_i'jlkcMdojlfsi ‚ d ˜ ` —°h šlch`mv ˜ cªh`"dof
¦`mžhgŽ`mi0d°šÇcnvwžh`K›cMd3c}^_šlfík3™E ‡jli0dof~ ¦g¾csšpšl`vP…csk3™Mcsžs`m dof~…cs ¦ dwf}d ˜ `-›cndocM†+špjli_™~šlc1s`mv@;8Z „ ˆ  = „
rFc”…csk3™Mcsžs`‡jl ˚lfs ¦dËjpid ˜ `‡›_cnd3cM†Ñšljpi_™-šÇch`vµu ˜ `miŽkmfhi'i_`mkèdojlfsi}jl µšpfh ¦d ‚ jpd–ujpšlšq^`v¦`dwvocsi_ ¦gjÆdwdw`m›
^d ˜ ` —°h šlch`mv°u ˜ `mid ˜ `kfhi_i_`kdwjlfhi¹jp v¦`m`m Àd3cs^'šljl ˜ `m› „ —‡˜ `Y ¦`mžhgŽ`mi0dwjli_ž{jp ›'fhi_`Yjpi_›_jƆ
ªíjp›_]csšpš?ÕfhiÊd ˜ `›'j?`mvw`i0d”k ˜ csi'i_`mšp „ € cnd3c¾ ¦`mžhgŽ`mi0dw ”vw`km`mjƪh`›Þfsic¾k ˜ cni_i_`mšujlšpš^a` Àdofhv¦`m›
]'iEdwjlšíd ˜ `‡kfhg…'šl`dw`›cndocQ^_špfqk3™ ˜ cªh`‡^a`m`mi~v¦`mkm`jpªs`m› ‚ fhi_šLd ˜ `mi}ujpšlší›cnd3c^`‡ ¦`mi_›}dof-c ˜ jlž ˜ `v
šlch`mv „
—‡˜ ` —°h å— vocsi' w…afhv¦d\Pfhi0dov¦fhšlšp`mvF; —‡— \W=µ ˜ f)ui{jpi « jlžh]'vw` / „ ˆ ˜ cªs`Q w`èªh`vocsša›_j?`mv¦`mi0d×d3cs ¦™í „
dw ~g¾csjpiÐrT]_i_kèdojlfsi jp Ydof…_v¦jlfhv¦jpdoj m`^`èd+uP``mi d ˜ `՛_j?`mv¦`mi0dŽk ˜ csi_i'`mšl Žcsi'› cnšpuPc1í }dovwcsi_ ¦gjÆd
d ˜ `YgŽfh ¦djlgŽ…afhv¦docsi0d›_cnd3c „ bqjli'km`fsi_š? ˜ csšÆr˛_]_…'šl` kfhgg]_i_jlkmcndojpfhi ˜ csvw›qucsv¦`Yjl cªncsjlšlcs^_šl`
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Channels
T55X
Transport
Controller
De- Multiplexer
« jpžh]_vw` / „ ˆ ׬Qªs`mv¦ªíjp`u‘fsrd ˜ ` —°s šÇch`v „
VYMcLuX G G v x{ I wY{ xg I jpi_kmšp]_›_`›jpi~d ˜ ` —‡— \ „ « jlicsšpš?-d ˜ `°` ¦docs^_šljp ˜ gŽ`mi0d×fsrFc­kfhgŽgY]_i_jpkcndwjlfhiYkfhi_i_`kdwjlfhi~ujlšpšcsšl ¦f
jpi0ªhfhšÆªh`d ˜ ` —‡— \ „ ܘ `iàc ˜ jpž ˜ `vLšlc1s`mvLvw`87E]_` ¦dYckmfsi_i_`mkèdojpfhi ‚ d ˜ ` —‡— \ujpšlš ˜ csi'›_šl`csšlš
kfhgŽgY]_i_jpkcndwjlfhi¾ujÆd ˜ d ˜ `KZ „ ˆ  vw`87E]_jpvw`›dwfŽ` ¦docs^_šljp ˜ d ˜ `Lcn…_…_vwfs…_vwjlcndo`Kkfhi_i_`kdojpfhi „
—‡˜ `YšÇcs Àd°…csv¦dfsr —°s jp °d ˜ ` € `è†ÑgY]_špdwjl…_šp` q`mv ˜ f)uijli « jlžh]'vw` / „ ˆ „ —‡˜ jl °^_špfqk3™;jp kšlfh ¦`mš?
dwjl`›ŽujÆd ˜ d ˜ `° w`žhg`i0dojli'žL›_fsi_`jpiŽd ˜ `°k ˜ csi_i_`šl Äu ˜ `mi¾›cnd3c­csv¦`dwvocsi' wgŽjpdwdw`m› „ ܘ `mi{c­›cMd3c
^'šlfík3™;jl vw`km`mjƪh`›ÊrTvwfhg Z „ ˆ  d ˜ `L›_`è†ÑgY]_šÆdojl…'šl` q`v w`i_›_ Qd ˜ `L^'šlfík3™¾dof~d ˜ `­kmfsvwvw`kdk ˜ csi_i'`mš
fsvdwf}d ˜ ` —‡— \ÝjÆrd ˜ `-›cndoc~^'šlfík3™¾vw`km`jpªh`›Êjp ‡jli0do`vwicsš¤kfhi0dov¦fhš³›cndoc „
i « jlžs]_vw` / „ ¶ c § b'\ ; § ` w wcsžh`àbí8` 7E]_`mi'km`à\ ˜ csv¦d.=¾jpšlšp]_ ¦dwvocndw`m ;c wjpg…_šp`]_ wcsžh`ÞfsrLd ˜ `
…'vwfsdwfqkfhš „ —‡˜ `cs ¦ w]_gŽ…'dwjlfhi_ rTfsvd ˜ jp § b_\Ïcsv¦`A
\Pfhgg]_i_jlkmcndojpfhi ˜ cn °^a`m`iÊ` ¦d3cn^_šljp ˜ `› „
\ ˜ csi_i_`šÄŠ ˜ cs ‡d ˜ ` ˜ jpž ˜ `m Àd°…_vwjpfhvwjÆd{csi'›jÆdo ‡›cMd3c~jl ‡ w`i_›jliÕfhi_`-…csk3™n`d „
\ ˜ csi_i_`š>ˆ ˜ cs ‡d ˜ `-šlf)u"`m Àd…'vwjlfsvwjpd¾csi_›jpdw ‡›cndoc~jp ‡ w`i_›ÊjpiÕd+u"fŽ…csk3™Mcsžh` „
Channel 1
Channel 2
Application
TTC
De- Multiplexer
Channel 1
Channel 2
Application
Data-A
Packet-
A1
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« jlžh]_v¦` / „ ¶ § b_\åfsr>d ˜ ` —°h šlc1s`mv „
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app_channel_link
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application
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TTC
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AX.25
Receiver
AX.25
sig_TPacket(
sendConLess( DL_data_unit_request,
data)
data)
AX.25 packets
sig_TPacket(
sendConLess( DL_data_unit_request,
data)
data)
AX.25 packets
sig_TPacket(
sendConLess( DL_data_unit_request,
data)
data)
AX.25 packets
Receiver
de-multiplexer
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_unit_
indication,
data)
Receiver
TTC
Receiver
application
sig_receiveEvent(
Incommingdata,
data)
sig_conLess(
data)
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connectTo
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DL_connect_
request)
sig_
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Running)
sig_msg(
connect
confirm)
Sender
AX.25
Receiver
AX.25
AX.25
packets
Receiver
de-multiplexer
sig_TPacket(
DL_connect_
indication)
Receiver
TTC
sig_msg(
connect
indication)
Receiver
application
sig_
receiveEvent(
Waiting)
AX.25
packets
sig_TPacket(
DL_connect_
confirm)
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application
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AX.25
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_
request,
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disconnect
sig_msg(
Flush
buffer)
Pause
(only when
pausing)
sig_msg(
Keep on
sending)
AX.25
packets
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_
confirm, Keep
on sending)
sig_TPacket(
DL_disconnect
request)
sig_
receiveEvent(
Disconnect)
sig_msg(
disconnect
confirm)
Receiver
AX.25
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_
indication,
Flush buffer)
Receiver
TTC
sig_msg(
Flush buffer)
Receiver
channel
Receiver
application
sig_msg(
Flush buffer)
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_
request, Keep
on sending)
AX.25
packets
AX.25
packets
sig_TPacket(
DL_disconnect_
confirm)
Receiver
de-multiplexer
sig_TPacket(
DL_disconnect_
indication)
sig_msg(
disconnect
indication)
sig_
receiveEvent(
Disconnected)
AX.25
packets
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channel
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sig_msg(Channelnumber, Channel is closed)
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application
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channel
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TTC
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AX.25
Receiver
AX.25
Receiver
de-multiplexer
Receiver
TTC
Receiver
channel
Receiver
application
sig_msg(
(1) sig_data( Ch, Channel
got data)
Ch, Alldata)
(2)
sig_msg(Ch,
Send data)
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_
request,
data)
AX.25
packets
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_
indication,
data)
sig_T55X(
Ch, data)
(When all
data is here)
sig_data(Ch,
Alldata)
sig_T55X(
Ch, data)
(3)
sig_msg(Ch,
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data on
channel )
sig_msg(Ch,
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TTC
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de-multiplexer
Sender
AX.25
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_request,
No more data)
sig_msg(No
more data)
Receiver
AX.25
AX.25
packets
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_indication,
No more data)
AX.25
packets
Receiver
de-multiplexer
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_indication,
No more data)
Receiver
TTC
sig_msg(No
more data)
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_request,
No more data)
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AX.25
(1a)
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DL_data_request,
sLastPacket)
(1b) Next
sig_TPacket
(connect only)
Receiver
AX.25
AX.25
packets
Receiver
de-multiplexer
sig_TPacket(
DL_data_indication,
sLastPacket)
Receiver
TTC
Receiver
channel
(2a)
sig_T55X(Ch,
sLastPacket)
sig_msg...
(2b) sig_msg(
Last packet
discarded)
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AND
AND
Init Sat
REPEAT
Init Ground
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connectTo
REPEAT
OR
REPEAT
pause
sendData
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application
pause
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applicationground.application_process
applicationsat.application_process
PROCESS /
transportground.ttc_process
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transport/
applicationground/
PROCESS /transport/
PROCESS /transport/
transportsat/
application_process(1)
transportground/
applicationsat/
ttc_process(1)
ttc_process(1)
application_process(1)
sendconless( ’112233445566778899’H )
sig_receiveevent( (. 4,’112233445566778899’H .) )
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applicationsat.application_process
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applicationsat/
application_process(1)
connectto
getstatus
transportsat.ttc_process
transportground.ttc_process
PROCESS /
applicationground.application_process
transport/
PROCESS /transport/
transportsat/
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transportground/
ttc_process(1)
applicationground/
ttc_process(1)
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applicationsat/
application_process(1)
senddata
transportground.channel_process
applicationground.application_process
PROCESS /transport/
transportsat.channel_process
transportground/
PROCESS /transport/
channel_process(1)
applicationground/
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application_process(1)
transportsat/
channel_process(1)
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applicationground.application_process
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transportground/
applicationground/
ttc_process(1)
application_process(1)
transportsat.ttc_process
PROCESS /
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transportsat/
ttc_process(1)
pause
pause
sig_receiveevent( (. 3,’’B .) )
sig_receiveevent( (. 3,’’B .) )
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applicationsat/
transportground/
PROCESS /transport/
transport/
application_process(1)
ttc_process(1)
applicationground/
transportsat/
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sendconless( ’112233445566778899’H )
sig_getstatuschannel( 1 )
sig_receiveevent( (. 0,’’B .) )
senddata
connectto
sig_statuschannel( true )
sig_receiveevent( (. 3,’01’H .) )
openchannel( 1 )
sig_data( ’0123456789ABCDEF’H,’01’H )
connectto
getstatus
sig_receiveevent( (. 4,’112233445566778899’H .) )
sendconless( ’112233445566778899’H )
init
applicationground.application_process
applicationsat.application_process
transportground.ttc_process
transportsat.channel_process
PROCESS /transport/
PROCESS /transport/
transportground.channel_process
applicationground/
applicationsat/
transportsat.ttc_process
PROCESS /transport/
PROCESS /transport/
application_process(1)
application_process(1)
transportground/
PROCESS /transport/
PROCESS/
transportsat/
ttc_process(1)
init
transportground/
transport/
channel_process(1)
channel_process(1)
transportsat/
ttc_process(1)
init
init
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sig_getstatuschannel( 2 )
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pause
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( DLSAP
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Data Link
Management
Data Link
Data Link
Link Multiplexer
Physical
Physical
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DL_UNIT_DATA_REQUEST,
DL_FLOW_OFF_REQUEST,
DL_FLOW_ON_REQUEST
DL_CONNECT_INDICATION,
DL_CONNECT_CONFIRM,
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DL_UNIT_DATA_INDICATION,
DL_ERROR_INDICATION
LM_SEIZE_REQUEST,
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LM_DATA_REQUEST
PH_SEIZE_REQUEST,
PH_RELEASE_REQUEST,
PH_EXPIDITED_DATA_REQUEST,
PH_DATA_REQUEST
PH_SEIZE_CONFIRM,
PH_QUIET_INDICATION,
PH_BUSY_INDICATION,
PH_DATA_INDICATION
Link Multiplexer
LM_DATA_INDICATION
Management Data Link
ANY_DATA
ANY_DATA
Segmenter
MDL_NEGOTIATE_REQUEST
MDL_NEGOTIATE_CONFIRM,
MDL_ERROR_INDICATE
block Data Link
PH_SEIZE_CONFIRM,
PH_QUIET_INDICATION,
PH_BUSY_INDICATION,
PH_DATA_INDICATION(DATA),
PH_SEIZE_REQUEST,
PH_RELEASE_REQUEST,
PH_EXPIDITED_DATA_REQUEST(DATA),
PH_DATA_REQUEST(DATA);
LM_SEIZE_REQUEST,
LM_EXPIDITED_DATA_REQUEST(DATA),
LM_DATA_REQUEST(DATA),
LM_SEIZE_CONFIRM,
LM_RELEASE_REQUEST(DATA),
LM_DATA_INDICATION(DATA),
DL_CONNECT_INDICATION,
DL_CONNECT_CONFIRM,
DL_DISCONNECT_INDICATION,
DL_DISCONNECT_CONFIRM,
DL_DATA_INDICATION(DATA),
DL_UNIT_DATA_INDICATION(DATA),
DL_ERROR_INDICATION(ERROR_CODE),
DL_CONNECT_REQUEST,
DL_DICONNECT_REQUEST,
DL_DATA_REQUEST(DATA),
DL_UNIT_DATA_REQUEST(DATA),
DL_FLOW_OFF_REQUEST,
DL_FLOW_ON_REQUEST,
LM_DATA_INDICATION(ANY_FRAME),
LM_DATA_REQUEST(ANY_FRAME),
signal
MDL_NEGOTIATE_REQUEST(XID_FRAME),
MDL_NEGOTIATE_CONFIRM(XID_FRAME),
MDL_ERROR_INDICATE(ERROR_CODE),
F Higher
Layer
Segmenter
DL-DATA request
(T5 5 data)
DL-DATA request
(Frame 1)
DL-DATA request
(Frame 2)
UY
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Data-Link
Link
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(Frame 2)
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DL-CONNECT request
LM-DATA request
LM-DATA indication
DL-CONNECT confirm
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