Successful fairway renovation/establishment

http://turf.unl.edu
Successful fairway renovation/establishment
Zac Reicher
http://turf.unl.edu/
Student interns?
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3 Creek Ranch, Jackson Hole, WY
Anchorage Country Club, Anchorage, AK
Bandon Dunes, Bandon, OR
Blackstone Country Club, Peoria, AZ
Brickman Group, Brookfield, IL
Castle Pines Country Club, Castle Rock, CO
Columbus Crew, Columbus, OH
Desert Mountain CC, Scottsdale, AZ
Erin Hills GC, Erin, WI
Haymarket Park, Lincoln, NE
Hazeltine National, Chaska, MN
Indianapolis Indians, Indianapolis, IN
Lakeshore Country Club, Chicago, IL
Loch Lloyd Country Club, Kansas City, MO
Milwaukee Brewers, Milwaukee, WI
Minnesota Vikings, Edina, MN
Fundamentals
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Oakland Hills, Bloomsfield, MI
Oakmont Golf Club, Oakmont, PA
Philadelphia Phillies, Philadelphia, PA
Sand Hills, Mullen, Nebraska Shadow Creek GC, Las Vegas, NV
TD Ameritrade Park, Omaha, NE
The Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, CO
The Plateau Club, Sammamish, WA, The Powder Horn, Sheridan, WY
TPC Deere Run, Silvis, IL
TruGreen, Lincoln, NE
USGA Green Section, Midwest
Walt Disney World, Orlando, FL
Westwood CC, Vienna, VA
Wilmington CC, Wilmington, DE
• Right grass, right place
• Soil prep to maximize seed‐soil contact for maximum germination
• Starter fertilizer – 1.0 lb P2O5/1000 almost regardless of soil test
• Irrigation • Mowing – early and often
• Post seeding fertilization – early and often • Aggressive organic matter management to match growth Contact Anne Streich ([email protected]) or Zac Reicher ([email protected])
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Fairway establishment costs
Zoysia
Bermuda
Bent
Solid Sod
$15,000
$7,500
-
Strip Sod
$5000/A
-
-
Sprig
$3000/A
$1000/A
-
Seed
$17/lb.
$1100+/A
$20/lb.
$530+/A
$10/lb.
$600+/A
Cool- vs warm-season
Zoysia vs. bermuda
Cool-season
Good winter play
Poa control?
High inputs
Summer diseases
Summer kill
Marginal shade
Zoysia
• Winter survival and play
• Rhizoctonia large patch
• Billbugs (?)
Warm Season
Adequate winter play
RoundUp for Poa
Lower N, H2O
Winter diseases
Winter kill (bermuda)
No shade tolerance
Bermuda
• Faster to establish
• Spring dead spot
Zoysia japonica
Zoysia japonica
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Riviera
Timing of seeding – cool‐season
• Most areas: mid to late August for cool‐season grasses
–
–
–
–
Maximizes maturity by next summer
Minimizes inputs next summer
Minimum weed problems (crabgrass)
Should be mature enough for winter
• Golf courses: July‐early August
– Avoid Poa germination in the fall
– Aggressive Poa controls required pre/post seeding
• Poa germinates in the fall
• Seeding should be much earlier in summer
• Aggressive Poa controls required pre/post seeding
Effect of seeding date on bentgrass overseeding into Poa fairway rated in October after seeding in NJ (Henry et al, 2005)
100
A-4
L93
Penncross
90
80
% Cover
Timing of seeding on golf courses(cool‐season)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1-Jul
Mid-Aug
Mid Sep
Seeding date
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Effect of seeding date on bentgrass overseeding into Poa fairway rated in July, 1 year after seeding in NJ (Henry et al, 2005)
Effect of seeding date on bentgrass overseeding into Poa fairway rated in July, 2 years after seeding (Henry et al, 2005)
100
100
90
90
80
% Cover
70
% Cover
A-4
L93
Penncross
60
50
40
80
A-4
70
L93
60
Penncross
50
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0
1-Jul
Mid-Aug
Seeding date
1-Jul
Mid Sep
Mid-Aug
Mid Sep
Seeding date
‘Mirage’ Bermudagrass percent cover on 2-Oct combined over two
years in Indiana
Timing of seeding – warm-season
100
90
a
a
ab
b
c
80
70
Percent Cover
• Bermudagrass most susceptible to
winterkill in its first winter
• Seed as early as possible – no later
than June 1-15 for zoysia, July 1-15 for
bermuda
• Dormant seeding does work for
bermuda, but some risk of late frost
• Dormant seeding relatively untested for
zoysia
a
60
50
40
30
20
10
d
0
1-Jun
15-Jun
1-Jul
15-Jul
1-Aug
15-Aug
1-Sept
Seeding Date
‘Zenith’ Zoysiagrass percent cover on 2-Oct combined over two
years in Indiana
Establishment time
100
90
a
a
80
Percent Cover
• Seeded zoysia:
10+ weeks to 90% cover
• Seeded bermuda:
4+ weeks to 90% cover
b
70
60
50
c
40
30
c
20
10
0
1-Jun
15-Jun
1-Jul
15-Jul
1-Aug
d
d
15-Aug
1-Sept
Seeding Date
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15 days after seeding
30 days after seeding
Bermuda
Bermuda
Zoysia
Zoysia
45 days after seeding
75 days after seeding
Bermuda
Bermuda
Zoysia
Zoysia
Did you know?
Viable annual bluegrass seeds:
• 10,400/ft2 in a fairway
• 16,800/ft2 in a green
• Creeping bentgrass: ~4000 seeds/ft2
• Kentucky bluegrass: ~3000 seeds/ft2
• Perennial ryegrass: ~2500 seeds/ft2
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Annual bluegrass
Basamid and reseed
• General use
• Fine granular formulation
• Turns to gas upon contact with water
• Can control plants as well as seeds in soil
Basamid Findings
• Optimum rate of Basamid:
475+ kg/ha • Aerification before or after Basamid application doesn’t matter
• Seeding interval:
as little as 1‐3 days after Basamid application
• 80% of Poa seed is in top 0.2” of soil
• Likely only controls seed ready to germinate (buys some time)
• Irrigate like a new seeding
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Concerns when using Basamid
Roundup+
Basamid
Nothing
• Must have adequate moisture leading up to application of Basamid
• Exposure
• Uniform app. (drop spreader)
• Wind and tracking problems
• Off‐site movement? (dig a moat)
Roundup
Only
• tif
Glyphosate and reseed
Post‐seeding Poa control options‐cool season
• Traditionally done early in Aug for most success, July would be better
• Post‐seeding Poa control critical
Indiana fairway, CBG seeded after Roundup apps
% Poa annua
Seeding date
Following June
August 15
19%
September 15
43%
• Tenacity on KBG or PRYE
– PRE on bare soil
– POST over turfed areas, 28 days after emergence
• Velocity on CBG, PRYE
– POST two weeks after emergence
• Prograss
– POST 1‐2 weeks after emergence of PRYE
– POST 3‐4 weeks after emergence of CBG
– POST 8 weeks after emergence of KBG
• Dithiopyr
– Early POST with PRE residual
– “Developed a good root system and uniform stand, and have received at least two mowings””
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Safety of Velocity 17.6SG when applied over newly‐seeded L93 creeping bentgrass. Regardless of rate or timing, Velocity had no effect on cover by 8 weeks after emergence (WAE) (Purdue 2007).
Effect of two applications of Velocity 17.6 SG or Certainty applied to separate stands of seedling Poa trivialis or creeping bentgrass in fall 2008 at various weeks after emergence (WAE). Data presented were collected eight weeks after emergence.
A
A
A
% cover 8 WAE
Bentgrass
Poa trivialis
A
80
A a
A a
NIS control
90
Untreated control
100
70
B
60
50
40
b
30
C
b
20
• Crucial for slow germination and fill‐in of zoysia
• Herbicides are labeled for use on zoysiagrass seedlings
– Drive 75 DF (quinclorac)
– Quicksilver (carfentrazone)
– SquareOne (quinclorac + carfentrazone)
– MSMA
c
Certainty 0.25
oz/A 2+4 WAE
c
c
Certainty 0.125
oz/A 2+4 WAE
Velocity 1.5 oz/A
1+3 WAE
Velocity 1.5 oz/A
1+2 WAE
Post seeding weed control ‐ zoysia
Velocity 3.0 oz/A
1+2 WAE
c
0
Velocity 3.0 oz/A
1+3 WAE
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Herbicide tolerance studies on seedling bermudagrass (applied 2 WAE)
Tolerant
Moderate tolerance
Do not use
Drive (quinclorac)
Manor
Sencor
MSMA
Tank mixes w/MSMA
Quicksilver
Aatrex (atrazine)
Illoxan
Revolver Acclaim
TranXit
Tupersan (siduron)
Certainty
Trimec Classic
Lontrel
Millennium ultra
Courtesy Aaron Patton, Purdue University
Courtesy Aaron Patton, Purdue University
Summary of herbicide tolerance studies on seedling bermudagrass (applied 3 WAE)
Tolerant
Moderate tolerance
Do not use
All listed in previous slide
Sencor
Manor
Aatrex (atrazine)
Tank mixes w/MSMA
Illoxan
Dimension
Acclaim
Pendulum
Tupersan (siduron)
Barricade
Corsair
SedgeHammer (or Manage)
Dismiss
Courtesy Aaron Patton, Purdue University
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Zenith zoysia seed planted May 22, 23 and 24 of 2011
Sprayed out April 15/16 2011
Litchfield CC Litchfield, IL
Patten Seed Company
Patten Seed Company
Sprayed fwys Aerial view
November 1, 2011
Patten Seed Company
Patten Seed Company
September 2013
Take home message
• Right grass, right place
• Proper timing, seed bed establishment, etc.
• Post seeding care – weed control!
Patten Seed Company
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Zac Reicher
http://turf.unl.edu/
[email protected]
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