pdfMRC NIMR Annual Report - The Francis Crick Institute

Transcription

2012/2013 Annual Report and Prospectus
MRC National Institute
for Medical Research
Science for health
Edited by:Victor Tybulewicz
Designed by: Joe Brock
Photography by: Neal Cramphorn & James Brock
Production: Christina McGuire & Frank Norman
Editorial Assistant: Eileen Clark
© MRC National Institute for Medical Research
Enquiries about this report should be addressed to:
%WWMWXERX(MVIGXSV´W3J½GI
+44 (0)20 8816 2281
[email protected]
Further information is available on our website at:
http://www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk
Copies obtainable from the Librarian at NIMR
ISBN-13: 978-0-9572625-1-5
MRC National Institute for
Medical Research
2012/2013 Annual Report
and Prospectus
Contents
Director’s foreword
The Francis Crick Institute
Science overview
7GMIRXM½G,MKLPMKLXW
2-16LMWXSV]ERHQMPIWXSRIW
Careers :
PhD students
Sandwich students and work experience
4SWXHSGXSVEPWGMIRXMWXW
4VSKVEQQI0IEHIVW
Research support
%RMQEP8IGLRMGMERW
8VERWPEXMSREPVIWIEVGL
7YTTSVXJSVXVERWPEXMSR
'SQQIVGMEPXVERWPEXMSR
'PMRMGEPXVERWPEXMSR
4YFPMGSYXVIEGL
6IWIEVGLKVSYTW
Infections and Immunity
/EXI&MWLST6IXVSZMVEPMRJIGXMSRERHVITPMGEXMSR
1MOI&PEGOQER
1EPEVMETEVEWMXIIKVIWWERHMRZEWMSR
0YM^4IHVSHI'EVZEPLS1XFW]WXIQWERHGLIQMGEPFMSPSK]
.SLR(SSVFEV
,YQERTETMPPSQEZMVYW
(IPQMVS*IVRERHI^6I]IW'LMPHLSSHWIZIVIQEPEVME
)ZE*VMGOIP %RXMToxoplasma gondii immunity
1E\+YXMIVVI^
'IPPFMSPSK]SJ1XFMRJIGXMSR
8SR],SPHIV1EPEVMETEVEWMXIWERHVIHFPSSHGIPPW
+ISVKI/EWWMSXMW %RXMZMVEPMQQYRMX]
.IER0ERKLSVRI
-QQYRMX]MRQEPEVMEMRJIGXMSRW
7XIZI0I]6IKYPEXMSRSJMQQYRIVIWTSRWIW
.SLR1G'EYPI]
,SWXWTIGM½GMX]SJMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIW
%RRI3´+EVVE6IKYPEXMSRSJXLIMQQYRIVIWTSRWI
:IRMÎPSW4ETE]ERRSTSYPSW2IYXVSTLMPQIHMEXIHMQQYRIHIJIRWI
&IRIHMGX7IHHSR6IKYPEXMSRSJ8GIPPLSQISWXEWMW
+MXXE7XSGOMRKIV
8GIPPGSQTEVXQIRXW
.SREXLER7XS]I
6IXVSZMVYWLSWXMRXIVEGXMSRW
4EZIP8SPEV%GXMZEXMSRSJMQQYRIVIGITXSVW
:MGXSV8]FYPI[MG^
0]QTLSG]XIWMKREPXVERWHYGXMSR
%RHVIEW;EGO
-QQYRIVIWTSRWIXSMR¾YIRÊ
6SFIVX;MPOMRWSR ,-:EWWSGMEXIHXYFIVGYPSWMW
1EVO;MPWSR6IKYPEXMSRSJ8LGIPPW
(SYKPEW=SYRK
1]GSFEGXIVMEPTEXLSKIRIWMW
;,3'SPPEFSVEXMRK'IRXVIJSV6IJIVIRGIERH6IWIEVGLSR-R¾YIRÊ;-'
7XVYGXYVEP&MSPSK]
8SQ'EVXIV 7IGVIXSV]SVKERIPPIW
4EYP(VMWGSPP%REP]WMWSJWMKREPPMRKTVSXIMRW
7XIZI+EQFPMR
7XVYGXYVEPFMSPSK]
6MGLEVH+SPHWXIMR )ZSPYXMSRSJQSPIGYPEVGSQTSRIRXW
)H,YPQI +TVSXIMRGSYTPIHVIGITXSVW
.YWXMR1SPPS]'IPPQSXMPMX]ERHGIPPWMKREPPMRK
.SLR3JJIV7]RXLIXMGTVSXIMRPEFSVEXSV]
%RREPMWE4EWXSVI
1SPIGYPEVFEWIWSJRIYVSHIKIRIVEXMSR
%RHVIW6EQSW
4SWXXVERWGVMTXMSREPVIKYPEXMSR
/EXVMR6MXXMRKIV
-QQYRIWMKREPPMRKRIX[SVOW
4IXIV6SWIRXLEP
'V]SQMGVSWGST]
7XIZI7QIVHSR
4LSWTLSV]PEXMSRHITIRHIRXWMKREPPMRK
-ER8E]PSV 1EGVSQSPIGYPEVEWWIQFPMIW
;MPPMI8E]PSV4VSXIMRWXVYGXYVIEREP]WMWERHHIWMKR
Martin Webb
Mechanisms of motor proteins
Neurosciences
(MQMXVMSW%REWXEWMSY'ERGIVQIXEFSPMWQ
7MI[0ER%RK2IYVSREPWYFX]TIWTIGM½GEXMSR
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MRC National Institute for Medical Research
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(IRMW&YVHEOSZ &VEMRERHQIXEFSPMGSVGLIWXVEXMSR
%PI\+SYPH6IKYPEXMSRSJKVS[XLERHQIXEFSPMWQ
*VERpSMW+YMPPIQSX %REP]WMWSJRIYVSKIRIWMW
8VS]1EVKVMI7IRWSV]TVSGIWWMRKMRWMRKPIGIPPW
:EWWMPMW4EGLRMW
(IZIPSTQIRXSJXLIRIVZSYWW]WXIQ
-VMW7EPIGOIVDrosophilaZMWYEPGMVGYMXEWWIQFP]
(EZMH;MPOMRWSR
&SYRHEV]JSVQEXMSRERHRIYVSKIRIWMW
+IRIXMGWERH(IZIPSTQIRX
James Briscoe
Pattern formation in the CNS
4EYP&YVKS]RI
=GLVSQSWSQIERHMRJIVXMPMX]
+VIK)PKEV 6IKYPEXMSRSJIEVP]HIZIPSTQIRX
1MOI+MPGLVMWX
+IRIVIKYPEXSV]RIX[SVOW
1EPGSPQ0SKER0MQFHIZIPSTQIRX
6SFMR0SZIPP&EHKI7I\WXIQGIPPWERHGIPPJEXI
8MQ1SLYR,IEVXHIZIPSTQIRXMRZIVXIFVEXIW
%RHVI[3EXIW)QFV]STEXXIVRMRK
)POI3FIV0MZIVHIZIPSTQIRXMRÎFVE½WL
Jim Smith
Mesoderm formation
4IXIV8LSVTI7]WXIQWQMGVSWGST]SJGIPPJEXI
James Turner
X chromosome inactivation
.IER4EYP:MRGIRX4EXXIVRMRKERHLSQISWXEWMW
0]PI>MQQIVQER
*VSKKIRIXMGW
6IWIEVGLJEGMPMXMIW
&MSPSKMGEPERH4VSGIHYVEP7IVZMGIW
16'&MSQIHMGEP216'IRXVI
<VE]GV]WXEPPSKVETL]
Mass spectrometry
4VSXIMRWIUYIRGIEREP]WMWERHWXVYGXYVIQSHIPPMRK
%REP]XMGEPYPXVEGIRXVMJYKEXMSR
'SRJSGEPMQEKMRKERHEREP]WMW
,MWXSPSK]
)PIGXVSRQMGVSWGST]
348ERH,6)1MQEKMRK
7MRKPIQSPIGYPIXIGLRMUYIW
)PIGXVSRGV]SQMGVSWGST]
Bioresources
Genomics
*PS[G]XSQIXV]
0IZIPLMKLGSRXEMRQIRXZMVYWPEFSVEXSV]
Insectary
)PIGXVSRMGMRWXVYQIRXTVSXSX]TMRKERHWYTTSVX
1IGLERMGEP)RKMRIIVMRK
*EGMPMXMIWERH-RJVEWXVYGXYVI7IVZMGIW
PhotoGraphics
'SQTYXMRKERH8IPIGSQQYRMGEXMSRW
0MFVEV]MRJSVQEXMSR
GSQQYRMGEXMSRW
Web Team
+IRIVEPWIVZMGIW
-RWXMXYXIQEREKIQIRX
2SFIP0EYVIEXIW
*MZIJEQSYWEPYQRM
In memoriam
7GMIRXM½GWIQMREVW
7XEJJLSRSYVW
PhD theses awarded
MRC centenary award winners
'YVVIRXJYRHMRKWSYVGIW
&MFPMSKVETL]
2-163(WSGMEPGPYF
Research themes index
Index
1ETPSGEXMSRERHXVEZIP
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inside back cover
3
Director’s foreword
-XLEWFIIRERSXLIVZIV]FYW]]IEV[MXL]IXQSVIKVIEXWGMIRGIWII7GMIRXM½G,MKLPMKLXWSRTEKIWERHMRVIWTSRWIXSSYV
VIGIRXUYMRUYIRRMEPVIZMI[[ILEZIVIGVYMXIHERYQFIVSJI\GIPPIRXWGMIRXMWXWXSIWXEFPMWLRI[VIWIEVGLTVSKVEQQIW
:IRM4ETE]ERRSTSYPSW[SVOIHMR%VXYVS>]GLPMRWO]´WPEFEXXLI1E\4PERGO
-RWXMXYXIJSV-RJIGXMSR&MSPSK]MR&IVPMR[LIVILIWXYHMIHXLIJSVQEXMSRSJ
RIYXVSTLMPI\XVEGIPPYPEVXVETW2)8W%X2-16LIMWWXVMZMRKXSYRHIVWXERHXLI
QSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWXLEXHVMZI2)8VIPIEWIERHJYRGXMSRHYVMRKMRJIGXMSR
ERHHMWIEWIYWMRKLYQERRIYXVSTLMPWERHQSYWIQSHIPW1E\+YXMIVVI^WTIRX
XLVII]IEVW[SVOMRKSRQ]GSFEGXIVMEPTLEKSWSQIH]REQMGWMR+EVIXL+VMJ½XLW´
PEFEX)1&0,IMHIPFIVKXLIRPIHEKVSYT[SVOMRKMRTLEKSWSQIFMSPSK]EXXLI
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2-16[MPPTVSZMHIMRWMKLXWMRXSXLIQSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWF][LMGLM. tuberculosis
QERMTYPEXIWXLITLEKSWSQEPIRZMVSRQIRXERHEZSMHWOMPPMRKF]TLEKSG]XIWERH
LS[LSWXTLEKSG]XIWIPMQMREXIQ]GSFEGXIVME
Veni Papayannopoulos (left) and Max Gutierrez (right)
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ERHGSQTYXIVWMQYPEXIHZMVXYEPGIPPWXSKIXLIV[MXLXIGLRMUYIWWYGLEWSTXSKIRIXMGWERH[LSPIFSH]TL]WMSPSK](MQMXVMW
%REWXEWMSY[EWTVIZMSYWP]EX&IXL-WVEIP(IEGSRIWW1IHMGEP'IRXVIERHXLI(ITEVXQIRXSJ7]WXIQW&MSPSK]EX,EVZEVH
1IHMGEP7GLSSP,MWRI[PEFMWMRZIWXMKEXMRKLS[GERGIVGIPPQIXEFSPMWQHMJJIVWJVSQXLEXSJRSVQEPXMWWYIWERHLS[XLMWEPXIVIH
QIXEFSPMWQTVSQSXIWXYQSYVHIZIPSTQIRX*MREPP]%RH]3EXIWNSMRWYWJVSQ8LI1E\4PERGO-RWXMXYXISJ1SPIGYPEV'IPP&MSPSK]
ERH+IRIXMGWMR(VIWHIR%RH]WXYHMIWXLIQSPIGYPEVFEWMWSJXLIGPSGOXLEXHVMZIWWIKQIRXEXMSRMRXLIIEVP]IQFV]SERHTPERW
XSHIZIPSTRI[QIXLSHWJSVMQEKMRKFMSGLIQMGEPSWGMPPEXMSRWMRVIEPXMQIMRXLIIQFV]SERHXSETTP]UYERXMXEXMZIQEXLIQEXMGEP
QSHIPWXSXIWXLMWRI[MHIEW%RH]LSPHWE;IPPGSQI8VYWX7IRMSV6IWIEVGL*IPPS[WLMTERHLEWENSMRXTSWMXMSREX9RMZIVWMX]
'SPPIKI0SRHSR
Denis Burdakov
Dimitris Anastasiou
Andy Oates
-[EWTPIEWIHXLEX8VS]1EVKVMI[EWGSR½VQIHEW,IEHSJXLI(MZMWMSRSJ2IYVSTL]WMSPSK]ERHXLEXLI[MPPLIPTHVMZISYV
IJJSVXWXSI\TERHRIYVSWGMIRGI[MXLMR2-16;I[IVIEPWSHIPMKLXIHXLEX.EQIW&VMWGSIERH:MGXSV8]FYPI[MG^[IVIFSXL
KVERXIH;IPPGSQI8VYWX7IRMSV-RZIWXMKEXSV%[EVHWJSVXLIMV[SVOVIWTIGXMZIP]SRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJXLIWTMREPGSVHERHSR
(S[RW]RHVSQI:MGXSV´W[SVOSR(S[RW]RHVSQIMWEPWSVIGIMZMRKWYTTSVXJVSQE;IPPGSQI8VYWX7XVEXIKMG%[EVHXLVSYKL
XLI0SR(S[RW'SRWSVXMYQ%RHMREHHMXMSRXSQER]SXLIVKVERXW2-16[EWEFPIXSWYTTSVXEPEVKIRYQFIVSJMXWIEVP]GEVIIV
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4VSKVEQQI0IEHIV8VEGO0EWWI7XEGL4SWXHSG/EX'SPPMRWERH,EVEPH,EVX[IKIV4L(WXYHIRXWERH'PEVI(EZ]8VEMRMRKERH
8VEZIP%[EVH
4
(top row) Peter Thorpe, Lasse
Stach and Kat Collins
(bottom row) Harald
Hartwegger and Clare Davy
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+VSYT6YRF]1MGLEIP'SLIRXLMWFVMRKWXSKIXLIVVIWIEVGLIVWYWMRKUYERXMXEXMZIXIGLRMUYIWERHGSQTYXEXMSREPQIXLSHWXS
WSPZIFMSPSKMGEPTVSFPIQW8LI-RWXMXYXI´W,MKL8LVSYKLTYX)\TIVMQIRXEP8IGLRMUYI-RXIVIWX+VSYTVYRF]%FHYP7IWE]LEWFIIR
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%PXLSYKL2-16[MPPFIQSZMRKXSXLI*VERGMW'VMGO-RWXMXYXIMREJI[]IEVWSYVVIWIEVGLVIQEMRWEXXLILMKLIWXPIZIP%W[IPPEW
VIGVYMXMRKRI[VIWIEVGLIVWFY]MRKRI[IUYMTQIRXJSVXLIQERHVIJYVFMWLMRKXLIMVPEFWTEGI[ILEZIFYMPXERI[MRWIGXEV]EW
TEVXSJ.IER0ERKLSVRI´WPEFSVEXSV]MRXLI(MZMWMSRSJ4EVEWMXSPSK]8LMW[MPPJEGMPMXEXIXLIFVIIHMRKSJQSWUYMXSIWXSI\TPSMXVSHIRX
QSHIPWJSVXLIEREP]WMWSJQEPEVMEMRLYQERW;ILEZIEPWSGVIEXIHERI[WIQMREVVSSQJVSQWTEGIVIPIEWIHF]XLI0MFVEV]ERH
XLIQEMR0MFVEV]VIEHMRKVSSQLEWFIIRVIGSR½KYVIHXSTVSZMHIEHHMXMSREPMRJSVQEPQIIXMRKERHGSPPEFSVEXMSREVIEW
7IZIVEPQIQFIVWSJWXEJJPIJXHYVMRK6MXE'LEMWGSRXMRYMRKLIV[SVOSRIYOEV]SXMGGLVSQSWSQIQIXEFSPMWQMR7YWWI\
ERH)H,YPQILEWVIXMVIHEJXIVVYRRMRKEKVSYTEX2-16JSV]IEVW)H´WTMSRIIVMRK[SVOSRXLIWXVYGXYVIERHJYRGXMSRSJ+
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[MPPFIKVIEXP]QMWWIH-RTEVXMGYPEV1MOI+EÎIWXEFPMWLIHXLI½VWX(MZMWMSRSJ(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]YRHIV4IXIV1IHE[EV
ERHWIVZIHEW(ITYX](MVIGXSVJSVQER]]IEVW+Y](SHWSR[EWLIEHSJXLI7XVYGXYVEP&MSPSK]+VSYTERH[EWVIWTSRWMFPIJSV
IWXEFPMWLMRK<VE]GV]WXEPPSKVETL][MXLMR2-16%RH-XE%WOSREW[EWEPIEHMRK½KYVIMRMQQYRSPSK][LS[SVOIHEX2-16JSV
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4IZR][LSLEHTVIZMSYWP][SVOIH[MXL6SFMR0SZIPP&EHKIERHSJ1EKKMI4E]RI[LSLEH[SVOIHMRXLI(MZMWMSRSJ:MVSPSK]
5
The Francis Crick Institute
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ETTIEVERGISJSYVRI[FYMPHMRK-RHMZMHYEPVSSQWEVIFIMRKFYMPXMRXLIFEWIQIRXMRXIVREP[EPPWEVIFIMRKGSRWXVYGXIHSRXLIPEF
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XLIVSSJ[MPPFI½RMWLIHERHXLIQEMRWXVYGXYVISJSYVRI[LSQI[MPPFIGSQTPIXI[MXL³XSTTMRKSYX´XLISZIVEPPGSQTPIXMSRSJ
XLIFYMPHMRK´WWXVYGXYVIWGLIHYPIHJSV.YRI8[S]IEVWEJXIVXLMWMRWYQQIVMRXIVREP[SVO[MPPFI½RMWLIHERHXLI-RWXMXYXI
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WTEGIERHEX]TMGEPPEFFE]ERHEPPS[IHGSPPIEKYIWXSGSQQIRXSRXLIJYVRMXYVIXSFIMRWXEPPIHMRXLIRI[FYMPHMRK
;IORS[XLEX[I´PPLEZIEKVIEXFYMPHMRKXSQSZIMRXS
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RS[MRGPYHIW6MGLEVH8VIMWQERERHQIEW(MVIGXSVW
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(MVIGXSVSJ2-16EW'PMRMGEP'SRWYPXERX.SLR;MPPW
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*EGMPMX]
8LIWIERHSXLIVGSPPIEKYIWLEZIGEVVMIHSYX
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TPEXJSVQWXLSYKLXEFSYXLS[XSQSZIERHVILSYWI
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VIWIEVGLKVSYTWLSYPHQSZIXSXLIRI[-RWXMXYXI
Computer-generated image of the interior of the new building.
Image courtesy of HOK and Glowfrog
(See http://www.crick.ac.uk/the-institute/architecture/)
3RISJXLIFMKGLEPPIRKIW[MPPFIXSHIGMHI[LSWIPEFKSIW[LIVI[LMGLJEGMPMXMIWXLIHMJJIVIRXVIWIEVGLXIEQW[MPPRIIHGPSWIXS
XLIMVVIWIEVGLEVIEWERH[LEXGERFIJYVXLIVE[E]-RTPERRMRKXLIPE]SYX[I´PPFIEVMRQMRH4EYP2YVWI´WZMWMSRXLEXXLI'VMGO[MPP
RSXFIHMZMHIHMRXSHITEVXQIRXWSVHMZMWMSRWFYX[MPPEMQXSQE\MQMWIMRXIVEGXMSRWFIX[IIRWGMIRXMWXWMRHMJJIVIRXHMWGMTPMRIW4EYP
SYXPMRIHXLMWERHSXLIVMHIEWHYVMRKLMW(MQFPIF]0IGXYVIEXXLI6S]EP'SPPIKISJ4L]WMGMERW[LIRLII\TPEMRIHXLEXLI[ERXWXS
GVIEXIEGYPXYVEPERHIGSRSQMGLSXLSYWISJWGMIRXM½GMHIEWERHETTPMGEXMSRWXSQEOII\GMXMRKHMWGSZIVMIWMQTVSZMRKSYVLIEPXLERH
HVMZMRKSYVIGSRSQ]
8LI'VMGO´WWGMIRGI[MPPFIHI½RIHFSXLF]XLI7GMIRGI%WWIWWQIRX4VSGIWWXLEXXSSOTPEGIMRERHF]MXW7GMIRGI7XVEXIK]
[LMGLMWFIMRKHIZIPSTIHMRHMWGYWWMSR[MXLVIWIEVGLIVWJVSQXLIX[SJSYRHMRKMRWXMXYXIWERHJVSQSYVTEVXRIVYRMZIVWMXMIW8LI
6
7GMIRGI%WWIWWQIRX4VSGIWWXSSOTPEGIMRX[SWXEKIWMR.YP]ERH3GXSFIV%TERIPSJQSVIXLERX[IRX]WIRMSVWGMIRXMWXW
VIZMI[IHXLIWGMIRXM½GTVSKVEQQIWEX2-16ERH06-ERHGSQTEVIHXLIQ[MXLXLILMKLIWXMRXIVREXMSREPWXERHEVHW8LI7GMIRGI
7XVEXIK]HSGYQIRX[MPPFIQEHIEZEMPEFPIXLMWWYQQIV
%RMQTSVXERXTEVXSJXLI'VMGO´WWXVEXIK]MRZSPZIWMRGVIEWIHGSPPEFSVEXMSRFIX[IIRXLIX[SJSYRHMRK-RWXMXYXIWERHSYVXLVII
YRMZIVWMX]TEVXRIVW;IEVIEPVIEH]PE]MRKXLIKVSYRH[SVOJSVWYGLMRXIVEGXMSRWXLVSYKLZEVMSYWQIIXMRKWERHVIXVIEXW8LEROW
XSXLIIJJSVXWSJ%PI\+SYPHERH2MG8ETSR06-EW[IPPEWQIQFIVWSJXLITEVXRIVYRMZIVWMXMIW[ILEZILIPHWIZIVEPNSMRX
[SVOWLSTWERHX[S'VMGO7]QTSWMEXLI½VWXSR1IXEFSPMWQMR,IEPXLERH(MWIEWIERHXLIWIGSRHSR-RJIGXMSRERH-QQYRMX]
Image courtesy of Wellcome Images
3YVMQTVIWWMSRXLEXXLI*VERGMW'VMGO-RWXMXYXITVSNIGXMWKSMRK[IPP[EWGSR½VQIHF]EVIZMI[GEVVMIHSYXJSVXLI'EFMRIX3J½GI
-RHIIHXLI1ENSV4VSNIGXW%YXLSVMX][LMGLGEVVMIHSYXXLIVIZMI[MWXSYWIXLI*VERGMW'VMGO-RWXMXYXIEWEQSHIPSJFIWXTVEGXMGI
JSVSXLIVQENSVTYFPMGP]JYRHIHTVSNIGXW1ER]TISTPIJVSQ2-16LEZIGSRXVMFYXIHXSXLMWWYGGIWWERHEW(MVIGXSV-EQKVEXIJYP
XSXLIQEPP-EQEPWSKVEXIJYPXS16',IEH3J½GIWXEJJJSVXLIMVWYTTSVXXSSYVGSPPIEKYIWEX06-ERHXLITEVXRIVYRMZIVWMXMIW
ERHXSXLI'VMGOXIEQFEWIHEXXLI;IPPGSQI8VYWX+MFFW&YMPHMRK&]XLIXMQISJRI\X]IEV´WVITSVXSYVFYMPHMRK[MPPEPQSWXFI
VIEH][I´PPORS[[LIVISYVPEFW[MPPFIERHTPERW[MPPFI[IPPEHZERGIHJSVXLIQSZI8LIWIEVII\GMXMRKXMQIW
[[[GVMGOEGYO
The second Crick Symposium
Image courtesy of The Francis Crick Institute
7
Science overview
Research programmes at NIMR
2-16MWSRISJXLI[SVPH´WPIEHMRKQIHMGEPVIWIEVGLMRWXMXYXIW-XMWHIHMGEXIHXSWXYH]MRKMQTSVXERXUYIWXMSRWEFSYXXLIPMJI
TVSGIWWIWXLEXEVIVIPIZERXXSEPPEWTIGXWSJLIEPXL2-16MWXLIPEVKIWXSJXLI1IHMGEP6IWIEVGL'SYRGMP´WMRWXMXYXIWERHMXWQMWWMSRMW
XSGEVV]SYXMRRSZEXMZILMKLUYEPMX]FMSQIHMGEPVIWIEVGL
XSFIEQENSVGSRXVMFYXSVXSXLI16'´WGSQQMXQIRXWMRXLIXVEMRMRKSJWGMIRXMWXW
XIGLRSPSK]XVERWJIV
XLITVIWIRXEXMSRSJMXWWGMIRGIXSXLITYFPMG
6IWIEVGLEX2-16GSZIVWEFVSEHWTIGXVYQSJFEWMGFMSQIHMGEPWGMIRGIMRGPYHMRKMRJIGXMSYWHMWIEWIWMQQYRSPSK]GIPPERH
HIZIPSTQIRXEPFMSPSK]RIYVSWGMIRGIERHWXVYGXYVEPFMSPSK]8LI[SVPHGPEWWJEGMPMXMIWJSVVIWIEVGLMRGPYHIFMSPSKMGEPMQEKMRK
VIWSYVGIWXLI16'&MSQIHMGEP216'IRXVIERHXLI9/´WPEVKIWXEGEHIQMGJEGMPMX]JSVWQEPPERMQEPVIWIEVGL8LIVIMWEQENSV
IQTLEWMWSRGVSWWHMWGMTPMREV]MRXIVEGXMSRWWXIQQMRKJVSQXLITIVZEWMZIGYPXYVISJGSPPEFSVEXMSRERHWXVEXIKMGVIGVYMXQIRXXS
GSQTPIQIRXERHFVMHKIWGMIRXM½GEVIEW8LIVIEVIVIWIEVGLGSPPEFSVEXMSRW[MXLQER]SXLIVEGEHIQMGERHGPMRMGEPGIRXVIWMRXLI9/
ERHMRXIVREXMSREPP]MRGPYHMRKWXVSRKPMROW[MXL9RMZIVWMX]'SPPIKI0SRHSR
7GMIRXMWXWEX2-16WXYH]RSVQEPFMSPSKMGEPTVSGIWWIWERHHMWIEWIWEXXLIQSPIGYPEVGIPPYPEVERH[LSPISVKERMWQPIZIP6IWIEVGL
MWJSGYWIHSRJSYVWGMIRXM½GEVIEW-RJIGXMSRWERH-QQYRMX]+IRIXMGWERH(IZIPSTQIRX2IYVSWGMIRGIWERH7XVYGXYVEP&MSPSK]
'SPPEFSVEXMSRWYRHIVTMRTVSKVIWWMRXLIWIEVIEWIKSRXLIWXVYGXYVIERHJYRGXMSRSJQSPIGYPIWMRZSPZIHMRMRJIGXMSYWHMWIEWIW
GSQQSRQIGLERMWQWSJRIVZSYWW]WXIQERHMQQYRIW]WXIQHIZIPSTQIRXERHLS[XLIJYRGXMSRMRKSJXLIFVEMREVMWIWHYVMRK
IQFV]SRMGHIZIPSTQIRX
8LIMQQYRIW]WXIQMWEOI]TEVXSJXLIFSH]´WHIJIRGIEKEMRWXMRJIGXMSRW-XWMQTSVXERGIMWMPPYWXVEXIHF]XLIIJJIGXWSJEHIJIGXMZI
MQQYRIW]WXIQEWWIIRMRTISTPI[MXL%-(7[LMGLVIWYPXWMRSZIV[LIPQMRKMRJIGXMSRWPIEHMRKXSHIEXL;LMPIERIJJIGXMZI
MQQYRIW]WXIQMWZMXEPJSVLIEPXLERSZIVI\YFIVERXMQQYRIW]WXIQGERWXEVXXSEXXEGOXLIFSH]MXWIPJETVSGIWWORS[REW
EYXSMQQYRMX]%YXSMQQYRMX]MWXLIGEYWISJEPPIVKMIWWYGLEWLE]JIZIVERHQSVIWIVMSYWGSRHMXMSRWWYGLEWEWXLQEVLIYQEXSMH
EVXLVMXMWERHQYPXMTPIWGPIVSWMW;IEVIEREP]WMRKLS[XLIGIPPWSJXLIMQQYRIW]WXIQEVIXVMKKIVIHXSQSYRXERMQQYRIVIWTSRWI
[LIRJEGIH[MXLERMRJIGXMSYWEKIRXLS[XLITVSGIWWGERKSE[V]MREYXSMQQYRMX]ERHLS[GSQTPI\GLIGOWERHFEPERGIWMRXLI
W]WXIQIRWYVIEGXMZEXMSRSJXLIMQQYRIW]WXIQSRP][LIRRIIHIH
-RJIGXMSYWHMWIEWIWVIWYPXJVSQXLIXVERWQMWWMSRSJTEXLSKIRMGQMGVSSVKERMWQW)\EQTPIWWXYHMIHEX2-16MRGPYHIQEPEVME
XYFIVGYPSWMW%-(7ERHMR¾YIRÊ[LMGLEVIVIWTSRWMFPIJSVXLIHIEXLWSJQMPPMSRWSJTISTPIIZIV]]IEV8LMWHIEXLXSPPMWI\IVXIH
QEMRP]MRXLITSSVIVGSYRXVMIWSJXLI[SVPHERHMWEPWSEWMKRM½GERXERHMRGVIEWMRKFYVHIRJSVXLI2EXMSREP,IEPXL7IVZMGI3YV
VIWIEVGLWIIOWXSYRHIVWXERHXLIJYRHEQIRXEPFMSPSK]SJXLIGEYWEXMZIQMGVSSVKERMWQWERHXLIMVMRXIVEGXMSR[MXLLSWXW;IYWI
XLMWYRHIVWXERHMRKXSTVSQSXIXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJRI[HVYKWZEGGMRIWERHHMEKRSWXMGVIEKIRXW8LIWXYH]SJTEXLSKIRMGEKIRXWMW
EPWSEVMGLWSYVGISJMQTSVXERXMRJSVQEXMSRSRFEWMGQIGLERMWQWSJGIPPERHQSPIGYPEVFMSPSK]
8
Genetics and Development
9RHIVWXERHMRKLS[EJIVXMPMWIHIKKKIRIVEXIWEJYRGXMSREPSVKERMWQMWERMQTSVXERXEVIESJFMSPSK]XLEXLEWQER]MQTPMGEXMSRW
JSVQIHMGMRI;IEVIWXYH]MRKXLIJYRHEQIRXEPQIGLERMWQWXLEXYRHIVPMIIQFV]SHIZIPSTQIRXMRGPYHMRKLS[GIPPWTVSPMJIVEXI
QMKVEXIERHGSQQYRMGEXILS[WXIQGIPPWJSVQERHEVIQEMRXEMRIHERHLS[HMZIVWIGIPPX]TIWEVIKIRIVEXIHIEGLEXXLIGSVVIGX
PSGEXMSRMRXLIJSVQMRKSVKERMWQ%QENSVJSGYWMWSRMHIRXMJ]MRKXLIYRHIVP]MRKKIRIWLS[XLI]JYRGXMSRERHEVIVIKYPEXIHERH
XLIMVVSPIMRRIX[SVOWSJQSPIGYPEVERHGIPPYPEVMRXIVEGXMSRWXLEXGSRXVSPHIZIPSTQIRXEPTVSGIWWIW8LIWIWXYHMIWMRGPYHIXLIYWI
SJTS[IVJYPKIRSQI[MHIXIGLRMUYIWERHW]WXIQWFMSPSK]ETTVSEGLIWMRSVHIVXSYRGSZIVKIRIVIKYPEXSV]RIX[SVOW1YGL
SJSYV[SVOJSGYWIWSRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJWTIGM½GXMWWYIWWYGLEWXLIRIVZSYWW]WXIQLIEVXPMZIVKSREHWERHPMQFW%WQER]
SJXLIKIRIWXLEXGSRXVSPWTIGM½GTVSGIWWIWEVIGSRWIVZIHFIX[IIRWTIGMIWSYVWXYHMIWEVIGEVVMIHSYXMREVERKISJQSHIP
SVKERMWQWXLEXLEZIHMWXMRGXWXVIRKXLWJSVYRGSZIVMRKQIGLERMWQWSJRSVQEPHIZIPSTQIRXERHLS[HIJIGXWGEREVMWI7MRGIQER]
SJXLIWEQITVSGIWWIWERHYRHIVP]MRKQSPIGYPEVTEXL[E]WEVIYXMPMWIHMRXLIEHYPXWXYHMIWSJHIZIPSTQIRXEPWSVIZIEPXLIFEWMW
SJHMWSVHIVWWYGLEWGERGIVMR[LMGLXLITVSPMJIVEXMSRERHQMKVEXMSRSJGIPPWMWEFRSVQEP-REHHMXMSRIPYGMHEXMSRSJXLIRSVQEP
QIGLERMWQWXLEXQEMRXEMRWXIQGIPPWERHXLEXHMVIGXXLIQXSJSVQWTIGM½GGIPPX]TIWMWIWWIRXMEPJSVTSXIRXMEPXLIVETIYXMGYWISJ
XLIWIGIPPW
Neurosciences
8LIRIVZSYWW]WXIQGEVVMIWSYXQER]GVYGMEPTL]WMSPSKMGEPTVSGIWWIWMRGPYHMRKXLITIVGITXMSRSJXLII\XIVREPIRZMVSRQIRX
GSRXVSPSJQSZIQIRXSJXLISVKERMWQJSVQEXMSRSJQIQSVMIWERHXLILSVQSREPVIKYPEXMSRSJXMWWYIKVS[XLERHLSQISWXEWMW
9RHIVWXERHMRKLS[XLIRIVZSYWW]WXIQJSVQWERHJYRGXMSRWMWERMQTSVXERXGLEPPIRKIMRFMSPSK][MXLWMKRM½GERXMQTPMGEXMSRWJSV
XLITEXLSKIRIWMWERHHMEKRSWMWSJRIYVSPSKMGEPHMWIEWIWERHHIZIPSTQIRXSJXLIVETMIW;IEVIWXYH]MRKLS[RIYVEPWXIQGIPPWEVI
QEMRXEMRIHERHHMJJIVIRXMEXIXSKIRIVEXIXLIQYPXMXYHISJRIYVSREPWYFX]TIWJSYRHMRXLIGIRXVEPERHTIVMTLIVEPRIVZSYWW]WXIQ
%RMQTSVXERXEWTIGXSJSYV[SVOMWYRHIVWXERHMRKLS[RIYVSRWQMKVEXIXSXLIMVETTVSTVMEXIHIWXMREXMSRERHLS[XLI]½RHXLIMV
XEVKIXWXSJSVQJYRGXMSREPRIYVSREPGMVGYMXWHYVMRKHIZIPSTQIRX;IEVIEREP]WMRKLS[XLI[MVMRKHMJJIVIRXMEXMSRWTIGM½GEXMSR
ERHEGXMZMX]TEXXIVRWSJRIYVSRWYRHIVPMIWXLITVSGIWWMRKSJWIRWSV]MRJSVQEXMSRERHMRXIKVEXIWMXXSEGLMIZIETTVSTVMEXISYXTYXW
3YV[SVOEPWSI\EQMRIWXLIVSPISJXLIRIVZSYWW]WXIQERHSXLIVXMWWYIWMRIRIVK]FEPERGIERHQIXEFSPMWQ8LIWIWXYHMIWXEOI
TPEGIMRGPSWIGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXLHIZIPSTQIRXEPFMSPSKMWXW[LSEVII\TPSVMRKXLIQSPIGYPEVERHGIPPYPEVFEWMWSJSVKERSKIRIWMW
ERHFSH]TEXXIVRMRK;IEPWSLEZIJVYMXJYPGSPPEFSVEXMSRW[MXLGPMRMGEPGSPPIEKYIWXSYRHIVWXERHXLIKIRIXMGERHHIZIPSTQIRXEP
TVSGIWWIWXLEXPIEHXSHIJIGXWMRXLIGIRXVEPERHXLITIVMTLIVEPRIVZSYWW]WXIQ
Structural Biology
&MSPSKMGEPW]WXIQWGSRWMWXSJPEVKIQSPIGYPIWWYGLEWTVSXIMRWERH(2%ERHWQEPPQSPIGYPIWXLEXEGXEWWYFWXVEXIWERHWMKREPW
XSHVMZIERHGSRXVSPGIPPYPEVTVSGIWWIW9RHIVWXERHMRKSJXLIQSPIGYPEVFEWMWSJFMSPSKMGEPTVSGIWWIWVIUYMVIWEREP]WMWEXXLIPIZIP
SJXLIWXVYGXYVIERHMRXIVEGXMSRWSJMRHMZMHYEPQSPIGYPIW;IWXYH]XLIXLVIIHMQIRWMSREPWXVYGXYVIWERHGLIQMGEPVIEGXMSRWXLEX
YRHIVPMIXLIJYRGXMSRWSJEVERKISJFMSPSKMGEPP]EGXMZIERHQIHMGEPP]MQTSVXERXQSPIGYPIW;IYWIXLISVIXMGEPETTVSEGLIWXLEX
IREFPIYWXSQSHIPQSPIGYPEVWXVYGXYVIWJVSQKIRIWIUYIRGIWERHKIRIVEXITVIHMGXMZIQSHIPWEFSYXXLIH]REQMGWSJQSPIGYPEV
MRXIVEGXMSRW7XVYGXYVEPQIXLSHWMRGPYHI<VE]GV]WXEPPSKVETL]IPIGXVSRGV]SQMGVSWGST]ERH216WTIGXVSWGST]XLEX]MIPHLMKL
VIWSPYXMSRMRJSVQEXMSR8LMWMWGSQTPIQIRXIHF]EHMZIVWMX]SJFMSTL]WMGEPERHFMSGLIQMGEPETTVSEGLIWWMRKPIQSPIGYPIQIXLSHW
ERHW]RXLIXMGSVKERMGGLIQMWXV]XLEXIREFPIEREP]WMWSJQSPIGYPEVMRXIVEGXMSRWFSXLin vitroERH[MXLMRPMZMRKGIPPW3YV[SVOGSZIVW
EHMZIVWMX]SJFMSPSK]W]WXIQWERHMWLMKLP]GSPPEFSVEXMZIJSVI\EQTPI[MXLXIEQWEX2-16[LSEVIWXYH]MRKMRJIGXMSYWHMWIEWIW
ERHJYRHEQIRXEPGIPPYPEVQIGLERMWQW
9
7GMIRXM½GLMKLPMKLXW
/I]HMWGSZIVMIWQEHIEXXLI-RWXMXYXIHYVMRKMRGPYHI
I\EQTPIWJVSQIEGLSJSYVJSYVFVSEHEVIEWSJVIWIEVGL
-RRIYVSWGMIRGIEREVIE[IEVII\TERHMRKEX2-168VS]
1EVKVMIERHGSPPIEKYIWLEZIWLS[RXLEXQMXVEPGIPPWE
X]TISJRIYVSRMRXLISPJEGXSV]W]WXIQFIPSRKMRKXSXLI
WEQIKPSQIVYPYWERHXLIVIJSVIVIGIMZMRKMRTYXJVSQE
WMRKPIGSQQSRSHSVERXVIGITXSVI\TVIWWWMQMPEVPIZIPW
SJXLI,'2MSRGLERRIPWYFYRMXERHXLYWTVIWIRX
WMQMPEVRIYVSREPI\GMXEFMPMX]8VS]WYKKIWXWXLEXGIPPGIPP
MRXIVEGXMSRWEQSRKRIYVSRWFIPSRKMRKXSXLIWEQI
WIRWSV]GMVGYMXMR¾YIRGIXLIMVFMSTL]WMGEPTIVWSREPMXMIW
WSXLEXGIPPWTVSGIWWMRKXLIWEQIOMRHSJMRJSVQEXMSR
EVIQSVIWMQMPEVXLERRIYVSRWTVSGIWWMRKHMJJIVIRX
MRJSVQEXMSR:EWWMPMW4EGLRMWERHLMWKVSYTWLS[IHXLEX
MRXIVRIYVSRWSJXLIQEQQEPMERJSVIFVEMRQEMRXEMR
VIQEVOEFPITLIRSX]TMGTPEWXMGMX]&]VIXEMRMRKEHETXEFMPMX]
EJXIVXLIMVMRMXMEPWTIGM½GEXMSRJSVIFVEMRRIYVSRWEVI
EFPIXSGSRXVMFYXIXSXLIEFMPMX]SJXLIGIRXVEPRIVZSYW
W]WXIQXSGSTI[MXLGLERKIWMQTSWIHF]HIZIPSTQIRXEP
VIUYMVIQIRXWPIEVRMRKSVHMWIEWI
Diversity of sag potential amplitudes within and across mitral cell networks (Troy
Margrie).
.EQIW&VMWGSI[SVOMRK[MXLQEXLIQEXMGMER/EVIR4EKIEX
9RMZIVWMX]'SPPIKI0SRHSRHIZIPSTIHEQEXLIQEXMGEPQSHIP
XSWXYH]XLI[E]MR[LMGLXLIWTMREPGSVHHIZIPSTWMRIQFV]SW
8LIQSHIPVIGSRWXVYGXIHXLIGSQTPI\RIX[SVOSJMRXIVEGXMSRW
FIX[IIRHMJJIVIRXXVERWGVMTXMSRJEGXSVWERHEPPS[IH.EQIWERH
/EVIRXSYRGSZIVERIX[SVOSJMRXIVEGXMRKKIRIWXLEXGSRXVSPLS[
GIPPWEVISVKERMWIHMRXSXMWWYIW8LIWXYH]WLIHWRI[PMKLXSRXLI
JSVQEXMSRSJXLIRIVZSYWW]WXIQERHEPWSSTIRWXLIHSSVXSXMWWYI
IRKMRIIVMRK
Ventral neural tube patterning by graded Shh signalling.
10
%RSXLIVMRXIVHMWGMTPMREV]GSPPEFSVEXMSRWE[%PI\+SYPH[SVOMRK
[MXL'PEYHI0IGLIRIJVSQ,EVZEVH1IHMGEP7GLSSPXSETTP]
QYPXMMWSXSTIMQEKMRKQEWWWTIGXVSQIXV]1-17XSXLIEREP]WMW
SJPMTMHQIXEFSPMWQ8LI]HIZIPSTIHEQIXLSHXLEXEPPS[IH
XLIQXSZMWYEPMWIERHUYERXMXEXIWIZIVEPHMJJIVIRXEWTIGXWSJ
QIXEFSPMWQ[MXLERMQTVIWWMZIPIZIPSJWTEXMEPVIWSPYXMSR°
I\GIIHMRKXLEXSJXLIPMKLXQMGVSWGSTI8LIQIXLSHQEOIWMX
TSWWMFPIXSEHHVIWWMQTSVXERXFMSPSKMGEPERHQIHMGEPUYIWXMSRW
EXXLIMRXIVJEGIFIX[IIRQIXEFSPMWQERHGIPPFMSPSK]
Rapid lipid turnover in Drosophila intestinal cells after a13C-palmitate
pulse-chase.
1EMRXEMRMRKXLIMRXIVHMWGMTPMREV]XLIQI.EQIW
8YVRIV[SVOIH[MXL+VIK)PKEV1MOI+MPGLVMWXERH
;MPPMI8E]PSVXSMHIRXMJ]XLIKIRIVIWTSRWMFPIJSV
<GLVSQSWSQIMREGXMZEXMSRMRXLIWIGSRHPEVKIWX
GPEWWSJQEQQEPWXLIQIXEXLIVMERWQEVWYTMEPW<
GLVSQSWSQIMREGXMZEXMSRSGGYVWMRQSWXQEQQEPW
ERHMWMQTSVXERXXSSYVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJQER]
HMJJIVIRXHMWIEWIW*SVI\EQTPIEFRSVQEPMXMIWMR<
chromosome inactivation have been associated with
FSXLQIRXEPVIXEVHEXMSRERHGERGIV
Discovery of a candidate X-inactivating RNA in the opossum.
11
7GMIRXM½GLMKLPMKLXW
8[SSXLIVTMIGIWSJVIWIEVGL[MXLVIPIZERGI
XSGERGIVGEQIJVSQSYVWXVYGXYVEPFMSPSKMWXW
%RHVIW6EQSW[SVOMRK[MXLXLI16'
&MSQIHMGEP216'IRXVIERHGSPPIEKYIWEX
XLI-XEPMER'ERGIV-RWXMXYXIMR+IRSEHMWWIGXIH
XLIQSPIGYPEVTEXL[E]XLEXVIKYPEXIWPIXE
QMGVS62%XLEXEGXWEWEXYQSVWYTTVIWWSV-R
TEVXMGYPEVXLI]HI½RIHXLI[E]MR[LMGLXLI
MRHMZMHYEP/,HSQEMRWSJXLITVSXIMR/764E
TSWMXMZIVIKYPEXSVSJPIXFMSKIRIWMWMRXIVEGX
[MXLXLIPIXQM62%TVIGYVWSV
7XIZI7QIVHSRMRGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL*YQMOS
)WEWLMMR3\JSVHLEWVIZIEPIHRI[PMROW
FIX[IIR(2%HSYFPIWXVERHIHFVIEOVITEMV
ERHXLIGIPPG]GPIQEGLMRIV]8LI]WLS[IH
XLEX4SPSPMOIOMREWI4PO[LMGLMWVIUYMVIH
JSVGIPPTVSPMJIVEXMSRERHMWJVIUYIRXP]YT
VIKYPEXIHMRGERGIVGIPPWTLSWTLSV]PEXIW
6EHVIGSQFMREWIHYVMRKXLIGIPPG]GPIERH
MRVIWTSRWIXS(2%HEQEKI8LI½RHMRKW
VITVIWIRXEWMKRM½GERXWXITXS[EVHE
GSQTVILIRWMZIYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLIGSRXVSP
SJLSQSPSKSYWVIGSQFMREXMSRF]GIPPG]GPI
VIKYPEXSVW4IVLETWQSWXMQTSVXERXMWXLI
MQTPMGEXMSRXLEXMRLMFMXSVWSJ4POEPVIEH]
E[IPPZEPMHEXIHERXMGERGIVXEVKIXQE]EGX
W]RIVKMWXMGEPP]XSTVSZMHIMRGVIEWIHIJ½GEG]
EKEMRWXFVIEWXERHSZEVMERGERGIVERHTIVLETW
12
In KH3 recognition of the miRNA precursor the RNA G4 makes Watson-Crick-like
contacts with the protein backbone and side chains (Andres Ramos).
-RHIWGVMFMRKTVIZMSYWP]YRORS[RVIXVSZMVYWIW
MRQMGI+ISVKI/EWWMSXMWERH.SREXLER7XS]I
LEZIYRGSZIVIHETSXIRXMEPPMROFIX[IIR
MRJIGXMSRERHGERGIV8LIMVVIWYPXWWLIHPMKLXSR
ETVIZMSYWP]YRETTVIGMEXIHVSPIJSVMQQYRMX]
MRXLIGSRXVSPSJIRHSKIRSYWVIXVSZMVYWIWERH
TVSZMHIEQIGLERMWXMGPMROFIX[IIRMQQYRI
EGXMZEXMSRF]QMGVSFMEPXVMKKIVWERHEVERKI
SJTEXLSPSKMIWEWWSGMEXIH[MXLIRHSKIRSYW
VIXVSZMVYWIWMRGPYHMRKGERGIV%PWSMRXLIEVIE
SJMRJIGXMSR6SFIVX;MPOMRWSRERH(SYKPEW
=SYRKGSPPEFSVEXIHMREVERHSQMWIHGSRXVSPPIH
XVMEPGSSVHMREXIHF]%HVMER1EVXMRIEYSJ
2-16ERH5YIIR1EV]9RMZIVWMX]SJ0SRHSR
MRZSPZMRKEKVSYTSJ0SRHSRLSWTMXEPW8LI]
WLS[IHXLEXGSQFMRMRKZMXEQMR([MXLERXMFMSXMG
XVIEXQIRXLIPTWXYFIVGYPSWMWWYJJIVIVWXSVIGSZIV
QSVIUYMGOP]8LMWWXYH]VITVIWIRXWXLIQSWX
HIXEMPIHGLEVEGXIVMWEXMSR]IXSJXLIIJJIGXW
SJERXMXYFIVGYPSYWXLIVET]SRXLIMQQYRI
VIWTSRWIERHXLI½VWXGPMRMGEPMRZIWXMKEXMSR
MRXSXLIMQQYRSQSHYPEXSV]EGXMSRWSJin vivo
ZMXEQMR(WYTTPIQIRXEXMSRHYVMRKXVIEXQIRX
SJERMRJIGXMSYWHMWIEWI*MREPP]%RRI3´+EVVE
[SVOIH[MXL.IER0ERKLSVRIERHLIVKVSYTXS
½RHXLIWSYVGISJEGVMXMGEPQSPIGYPIXLEXLIPTW
GSRXVSPMQQYRIQIHMEXIHTEXLSPSK]MRQEPEVME
8LIWI½RHMRKWEVISJVIEPMQTSVXERGIJSVXLI
QEPEVME½IPHEWXLI]HI½RIXLIGVMXMGEPGIPPYPEV
WSYVGISJTVSXIGXMZI-0ERHXLITEXL[E]W
PIEHMRKXSMXWTVSHYGXMSR8LMWORS[PIHKIQMKLX
FIMQTSVXERXJSVXLIIWXEFPMWLQIRXSJTVSXSGSPW
JSVQERMTYPEXMSRSJXLIWITEXL[E]WMRSVHIVXS
TVIZIRXWIZIVIQEPEVMEMRLYQERW
A model for Rad51 recruitment mediated through sequential phosphorylation by Plk1 and
casein kinase 2 (CK2).(Steve Smerdon)
References
%RKIPSIXEPNature 488,¯
0STIWIXEPPNAS 109
&EPEWOEWIXEPCell, 148
7XIMRLEYWIVIXEPNature481,¯
+VERXIXEPNature 487¯
2MGEWXVSIXEPNature Structural & Molecular Biology 19,¯
=EXEIXEPMolecular Cell 45¯
=SYRKIXEPNature 491,¯
'SYWWIRWIXEPPNAS 109
*VIMXEHS6SWEVMSIXEPJournal of Immunology, 188
13
NIMR history and milestones
1933 Discovery of flu virus
Christopher Andrewes, Patrick
Laidlaw and Wilson Smith first
isolated the human influenza
virus.
1957 Interferon
1951 Steroid
biosynthesis
John Cornforth
1940
1950
1952 Gas chromatography
After receiving the Nobel Prize
in 1950 for his earlier
discovery of partition
chromatography, Archer Martin
joined NIMR and with A.T
James he developed gas
chromatography, a technique
now widely used in
laboratories and the chemical
industry.
1936 The role of acetylcholine as
a neurotransmitter
Henry Dale established the chemical
basis of neurotransmission and the
role of acetylcholine as a
neurotransmitter, receiving the Nobel
Prize for this work in 1936.
14
John Skehel revealed the structure of
influenza virus proteins involved in
the infection of cells, for which he
was awarded the Louis-Jeantet Prize
for Medicine in 1988. This work
opened new perspectives for the
design of antiviral drugs.
1960s Cryobiology
Audrey Smith discovered how
to store biological material at
low temperature, pioneering
techniques for the freezing of
sperm, blood, bone marrow,
corneas and many other
tissues.
completed the first total
synthesis of the
non-aromatic steroids
and identified the
chemical structure of
cholesterol. He received
the Nobel Prize in 1975.
1930
1981 Structure of influenza
haemagglutinin
Alick Isaacs discovered
interferon, a factor that can
transfer a virus-resistant state
to cells that had not been
infected, and is now used to
treat many infections and
cancers.
1960
1970
1986 Globin locus control
region
Frank Grosveld discovered
regulatory sequences that
govern expression of the
globin gene cluster, and that
confer a copy number
dependent level of transgenic
gene expression. He was
awarded the Louis-Jeantet
Prize for Medicine in 1991.
1980
1973 Long-term
potentiation
Tim Bliss and Terje Lømo
discovered the phenomenon of
synaptic long-term potentiation,
one of the main mechanisms
by which the brain learns and
remembers.
1958 Immunoglobulin
structure
Rodney Porter was given the
Nobel Prize in 1972 for the
discovery of the structure of
immunoglobulins. The work
increased understanding of the
immune system and led to novel
approaches to diagnosis and
therapy.
1989 Hox gene
colinearity
Robb Krumlauf showed that
the linear relationship
between the organisation of
Hox genes along the
chromosome and their
expression along the
head-to-tail axis is conserved
in vertebrates.
1993 Mesoderm-inducing
factor
2005 Mouse model of
Down syndrome
Jim Smith discovered that activin
is a mesoderm-inducing factor,
opening up understanding of
how signalling factors control
the formation of tissues during
embryo development.
Victor Tybulewicz created a
genetically manipulated mouse
that carries almost all of
human chromosome 21. The
resulting strain of mice has
become a valuable tool in
research on Down syndrome.
2010 Transcriptome
signature in human
tuberculosis
Anne O’Garra discovered a
novel transcriptomic signature
that provides insights into
fundamental pathogenesis of
tuberculosis and has
application to the
development of improved
diagnostic tools.
1996 Discovery of the
anterior organising
centre
2007 AMP-activated
protein kinase (AMPK)
structure
Rosa Beddington discovered
a novel signalling centre in the
mouse embryo required for
correct formation of the
head-to-tail axis during
embryonic development.
Steve Gamblin determined
the structure of the
enzyme that regulates
cellular energy levels, AMPK.
The discovery paves the
way for better treatments
of Type 2 diabetes.
1990
2000
2010
1999 Eph receptors mediate cell
segregation
2007 Malaria release
mechanism
David Wilkinson uncovered a new
mechanism that maintains the correct
organisation of tissues, mediated by
signalling through Eph receptors and
ephrins.
Mike Blackman identified an
enzyme that triggers release of the
malaria parasite from infected red
blood cells thereby enabling it to
invade new cells. The enzyme is a
new target for improved
anti-malarial drug design.
1991 The sex determining gene
Robin Lovell-Badge showed that the
presence of the Sry gene on the Y
chromosome is sufficient to cause the
embryonic gonad to develop as testis
rather than ovary. He received the
Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine in 1995.
2006 Discovery of Th17 subset
Gitta Stockinger defined the developmental
steps that lead to the Th17 immune
response. Th17 cells are important in the
pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases.
15
CAREERS
PhD students
8LIXVEMRMRKSJWXYHIRXWSJEPPPIZIPWMWMRXIKVEPXS2-16ERHXLVSYKLXLITVSKVEQQIW[ISJJIV[IWXVMZIXSXVEMRFMSQIHMGEP
PIEHIVWSJXLIJYXYVI
PhD Programme
8LI2-16JSYV]IEV4L(TVSKVEQQILEWFIIRHIWMKRIHXSIUYMTSYVWXYHIRXW
[MXLXLIWGMIRXM½GERHXVERWJIVEFPIWOMPPWVIUYMVIHXSQEOIXLIQGSQTIXMXMZIEXXLI
LMKLIWXPIZIPFSXLREXMSREPP]ERHMRXIVREXMSREPP]*YPP]MRXIKVEXIHMRXSXLI2-164L(
TVSKVEQQIEVIQIHMGEPYRHIVKVEHYEXI1&&7WXYHIRXW[LSNSMRYWMR.ERYEV]
IEGL]IEVZMEXLI9'01&4L(TVSKVEQQI%PPSJSYVWXYHIRXWFIRI½XJVSQEGGIWW
XSXLIWXEXISJXLIEVXJEGMPMXMIWERHI\XIRWMZII\TIVXMWIEZEMPEFPIEGVSWWXLI-RWXMXYXI
;IIRGSYVEKIMRRSZEXMSRMRXIVHMWGMTPMREVMX]ERHGSPPEFSVEXMSRERHMRHIIHQER]
SJSYV4L(WXYHIRXWLEZITVSNIGXW[LMGLWTERQYPXMTPIVIWIEVGLXLIQIWTVSZMHMRK
XLIQ[MXLERI\GIPPIRXSTTSVXYRMX]XSFVSEHIRXLIMVKIRIVEPYRHIVWXERHMRK
SJWGMIRGIERHTVEGXMGEPI\TIVXMWI%WEVIWYPXSJXLMWSYVSVWSWXYHIRXW
WMKRM½GERXP]GSRXVMFYXIXSXLIVIWIEVGLSYXTYXSJ2-16
3REVVMZEPEX2-16WXYHIRXW[SVOGPSWIP][MXLXLIMVWYTIVZMWSVWXSHIZIPSTXLIMV
TVSNIGXTVSTSWEPXLI]EPWSGLSSWIEXLIWMWGSQQMXXIIQIQFIVWSJ[LMGLLEZI
I\TIVXMWIMREVERKISJWGMIRXM½GEVIEW[LS[MPPEHZMWIXLIWXYHIRXJSVXLIHYVEXMSR
SJXLI4L(8SWYTTSVXXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJSYVWXYHIRXW[ISJJIVE[MHIVERKISJ
MRXIVREPXVEMRMRKGSYVWIWVERKMRKJVSQFMSMRJSVQEXMGWWXEXMWXMGWERHQMGVSWGST]XS
IXLMGWVITSVXTVITEVEXMSRERHTVIWIRXEXMSRWOMPPW;IEPWSVYREWIVMIWSJGEVIIVW
WIQMREVWERHERERRYEPGEVIIVWVSYRHXEFPIIZIRX[LMGLVI¾IGXXLIFVSEHVERKISJ
GEVIIVWEZEMPEFPIXS4L(W
Donna Brown
Director of Studies
;IIRGSYVEKIEKSSH[SVOPMJIFEPERGIERH]SY´PP½RHEVERKISJWSGMEPEGXMZMXMIW
LIVIMRGPYHMRKJSSXFEPP½XRIWWGPEWWIWWUYEWLERHFEHQMRXSREFSSOGPYFUYM^ÎWERHEPMGIRWIHFEV3YVWXYHIRXVITVIWIRXEXMZIW
WIITEKISVKERMWIERYQFIVSJWSGMEPIZIRXWMRGPYHMRKE'LVMWXQEWHMRRIVERHWYQQIVFEVFIGYIEXXIRHIHF]4L(7ERH[MGL
7YQQIVERH[SVOI\TIVMIRGIWXYHIRXW7SGMEPEGXMZMXMIWEX2-16GSRXVMFYXIXSXLIWTMVMXSJGSPPEFSVEXMSR[LMGLTIVZEHIWWGMIRGI
EXXLI-RWXMXYXI*SVXLSWIPSSOMRKJSVEWLSVXGSQQYXI[ISJJIVSRWMXIEGGSQQSHEXMSRJSVWXYHIRXW
)\GMXMRKXMQIWPMIELIEH[MXLXLISTIRMRKSJXLI*VERGMW'VMGO-RWXMXYXIMR8LIWXYHIRXW[IVIGVYMX[MPPQSZIXSXLI'VMGO
[LIRMXSTIRWERHTPERWEVIEPVIEH]MRTPEGIXSIRWYVIEWQSSXLXVERWMXMSR9RXMPXLIR2-16WXYHIRXW[MPPFIRI½XJVSQSYVGPSWI
VIPEXMSRWLMT[MXLSYV'VMGOTEVXRIVWIWTIGMEPP]XLI'69/0SRHSR6IWIEVGL-RWXMXYXI
16
CAREERS
The 2012 intake of PhD students
Student representatives
8LIWXYHIRXVITVIWIRXEXMZIWJSVQMRXIKVEPPMROWFIX[IIRXLI
student body and various parts of the Institute and the wider
GSQQYRMX]8LI]TVMQEVMP]WIVZIXLIWXYHIRXWF]QEOMRKWXYHIRX
opinions heard on a number of key committees within the
-RWXMXYXIMRGPYHMRKXLI)XLMGEP8VEHI9RMSRERH'SQQYRMGEXMSR
GSQQMXXIIWXSREQIFYXEJI[%HHMXMSREPP]VITVIWIRXEXMZIW
EMQXSMRWTMVIEWIRWISJGSQQYRMX]EQSRKWXXLIWXYHIRXWF]
SVKERMWMRKVIKYPEVQIIXMRKWERHWSGMEPEGXMZMXMIW;IIOP]WXYHIRX
WIQMREVWI\TSWIWXYHIRXWXSXSTMGWSYXWMHISJXLIMVTVMQEV]½IPH
SJMRXIVIWXERHEPPS[WXYHIRXWXSVIGIMZIMRJSVQEPJIIHFEGOSR
XLIMVTVIWIRXEXMSRWXSEWOUYIWXMSRWERHXSIWXEFPMWLTSXIRXMEP
GSPPEFSVEXMSRW[MXLSXLIV(MZMWMSRW3RISJXLIGLMIJEMQWSJXLMW
]IEV´WGSQQMXXII[MPPFIXSIEWIMRXIKVEXMSRSJWXYHIRXWJVSQ
SXLIVGSRWXMXYIRXMRWXMXYXIWSJXLI'VMGOF]GSSVKERMWMRKWSGMEP
IZIRXWERHMQTSVXERXP]EREPPWXYHIRXW]QTSWMYQ[LMGL[MPPEPPS[
WXYHIRXWXLISTTSVXYRMX]XSTVIWIRXXLIMV[SVOMREJSVQEPTIIV
IRZMVSRQIRX
The 2012 student representatives:
Martin Carkett, Jimena Anderson, Andy Howe, Alex Eve
2012 Travel Prize
)EGL]IEV2-16E[EVHWE8VEZIP4VMÎJSVXLIFIWX
YTKVEHIVITSVXERHEVYRRIVYTTVMÎSJE%QE^SRZSYGLIV
8LITVMÎW[IVITVIWIRXIHF]7XIZI+EQFPMR(MVIGXSV
SJ6IWIEVGLXSXLI[MRRIV0YG]4EPQIV(IZIPSTQIRXEP
&MSPSK]ERHXLIVYRRIVYT7IER'SRWXEFPI(IZIPSTQIRXEP
2IYVSFMSPSK]
17
CAREERS
PhD students – in their own words
Lucy Palmer
“I have been a PhD student at NIMR for two years, working in the lab of JeanPaul Vincent in the Division of Developmental Biology. I am developing novel
in vivo methods to determine the secretory route that Wingless (the main
Drosophila Wnt) takes out of the cell in order to move into the extracellular
space and signal at a distance from its source. Proteins in the Wnt family are
often misregulated in cancers, therefore insights into the movement of these
proteins during normal development are essential to better understand the
mechanisms involved in tumourigenesis.
I was drawn to NIMR due to the world-renowned research and incredible
facilities that the Institute is able to offer. Of particular relevance to my project
is the Confocal Imaging and Analysis Laboratory (CIAL) that has provided
invaluable assistance and advice. The atmosphere at NIMR is highly interactive
FSXLWGMIRXM½GEPP]FIX[IIRZEVMSYWPEFSVEXSVMIWERH(MZMWMSRWERHMRWSGMEP
situations such as the bar and the 8-a-side football league. This creates a
highly supportive and exciting environment for students to undertake their
PhD. “
Matteo Villa
“I’ve just started my second year of PhD in the Division of Molecular
Immunology, funded by a Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds PhD Fellowship.
My project aims at investigating the role of the transcription factor Aryl
Hydrocarbon Receptor in B cell-mediated immunity. The reasons why I chose
NIMR for my PhD is the outstanding quality of research performed and the
VITYXEXMSRSJXLI-RWXMXYXI%JXIVSRI]IEVEX2-16-GERHI½RMXIP]WE]XLEXRSX
SRP]XLIWGMIRXM½GZEPYIFYXEW[IPPXLIGSPPEFSVEXMZIERHJVMIRHP]IRZMVSRQIRX
at the Institute makes the difference. Moreover the training programme for the
PhD students and the daily lectures and seminars are strongly contributing to
HIZIPSTQ]WGMIRXM½GWOMPPW%PPXLIWIXLMRKWQEOI2-16ERI\GIPPIRXTPEGIJSV
4L(XVEMRMRKFSXLMRXIVQWSJWGMIRXM½GERHTIVWSREPI\TIVMIRGI²
18
CAREERS
Sandwich students and work experience
Sandwich placements
2S[QSVIWSXLERIZIVFIJSVILEZMRKTVEGXMGEPVIWIEVGL
I\TIVMIRGIMWIWWIRXMEPJSVEWGMIRXM½GGEVIIVEXER]PIZIP
3YVWERH[MGLTPEGIQIRXWTVSZMHIWXYHIRXW[MXLXLI
STTSVXYRMX]XSJYPP]MQQIVWIXLIQWIPZIWMREVIWIEVGL
PEFJSVQSRXLWERH[SVOSRERMRHITIRHIRXVIWIEVGL
TVSNIGX7ERH[MGLWXYHIRXWEPWSLEZIEGGIWWXSE[MHI
VERKISJPIGXYVIWWIQMREVERHXVEMRMRKERHXLYWJYPP]
FIRI½XJVSQEPPXLEX2-16LEWXSSJJIV1ER]SJSYV
WERH[MGLWXYHIRXWKSSRXSHSE4L(EX2-16ERHSXLIV
PIEHMRKVIWIEVGLMRWXMXYXMSRW
Work experience
The 2012 intake of Sandwich students
;IIRGSYVEKIWXYHIRXWJVSQERIEVP]EKIXSXEOIERMRXIVIWXMRWGMIRGI)EGL]IEVPSGEPWGLSSPWXYHIRXW[SVOEPSRKWMHISYV
VIWIEVGLIVWUYMXISJXIR4L(WXYHIRXWJSVTIVMSHWSJYTXSWM\[IIOWEPWSWII6IWIEVGL7YQQIV7GLSSPSRTEKI1ER]SJ
XLIWIWXYHIRXWGSQIFEGOEWYRHIVKVEHYEXI7YQQIVSV7ERH[MGLWXYHIRXW
Alice Mitchell
“My Sandwich placement at NIMR offered me a fantastic opportunity to experience lab life – not
only the experimental part, but also the interactions within the lab, and it showed me how much
fun lab life can be! I chose to do my placement at NIMR as it offered me a chance to carry
out research that was really interesting and in a very friendly environment, as well as having the
EHZERXEKISJFIMRKMR0SRHSR-PIEVRXPSXWSJWOMPPWVERKMRKJVSQWI\MRK¾MIWXS(2%GPSRMRKJSV
Q]TVSNIGXSRVIQSZMRKWTIGM½GKIRIWERHVITPEGMRKXLIQ[MXL¾YSVIWGIRXTVSXIMRWKMZMRKQI
MRZEPYEFPII\TIVMIRGIJSVQ]½REP]IEVEXYRMZIVWMX]ERHFVMRKMRKQIXSQ]HIGMWMSRXSETTP]JSVE
4L(3ZIVEPP-LEHEFVMPPMERXI\TIVMIRGIEX2-16ERHEQZIV]KPEH-HMHQ]7ERH[MGL]IEVLIVI²
Ben Golland
“It can be rare when doing work experience that you really get out of it what you were originally
looking for. University courses only give you a small amount of time in the lab and I wanted to
feel more comfortable when undertaking experiments. Working in Mike Blackman’s lab over the
WYQQIVFVSYKLXQIGSR½HIRGIMRQ]PEFWOMPPW[LMGL-[SYPHSXLIV[MWILEZIRSXLEH%W-´ZINYWX
started a year placement for GlaxoSmithKline, the head start has meant I understand the work I’m
HSMRKFIXXIVERHEQQYGLQSVIXMQIIJ½GMIRX
The work being done on malaria is important and interesting and the practical nature of lab work
makes the days go by very quickly – a sure sign I was enjoying myself! Most importantly, I felt like I
contributed something meaningful even in my short time at the Institute, which is more than I could
have wished for prior to my placement.“
19
CAREERS
Postdoctoral scientists
-REHHMXMSRXSMXWVSPIMRXLIXVEMRMRKSJ4L(WXYHIRXW2-16MWEQENSVGIRXVIJSVJYVXLIVVIWIEVGLXVEMRMRKERHGEVIIV
HIZIPSTQIRX-XEXXVEGXWVIWIEVGLIVWJVSQXLI9/ERHEGVSWWXLI[SVPHHYIXSXLIFVIEHXLERHUYEPMX]SJXLIVIWIEVGLERHXLI
IQTLEWMWSRMRXIVEGXMSRWERHGVSWWHMWGMTPMREV]GSPPEFSVEXMSRW6IWIEVGLIVWEXEPPWXEKIWSJXLIMVGEVIIVFIRI½XJVSQXLIZIV]EGXMZI
TVSKVEQQISJWIQMREVWERHMRXIVREPVIWIEVGLQIIXMRKWERHXLIEZEMPEFMPMX]SJGSYVWIWXSEGUYMVIOI]WGMIRXM½GERHGSQTPIQIRXEV]
QEREKIVMEPWOMPPW
2-16LSWXWETTVS\MQEXIP]TSWXHSGXSVEPVIWIEVGLIVWWYTTSVXIHIMXLIVF]16'GSVIJYRHMRKSVI\XIVREPP]JYRHIHJIPPS[WLMTW
8LIGSVIJYRHMRKTVSQSXIWGEVIIVWEXXLITSWXHSGXSVEPPIZIPXLVSYKLXLVII]IEVTSWMXMSRW-REHHMXMSRXSXLIXVEMRMRKERHWYTTSVX
SJJIVIHXSTSWXHSGXSVEPVIWIEVGLIVWF]2-16XLI4SWXHSG'SQQMXXIIMWZIV]EGXMZIEVVERKMRKWIQMREVWVIXVIEXWERHGEVIIVW
WIWWMSRWEW[IPPEWWIZIVEPWSGMEPIZIRXWXLVSYKLSYXXLI]IEV-R8LI7GMIRXMWXVEROIH2-16XLMVHMRXLI9/EQSRK±&IWX
4PEGIWXS;SVOJSV4SWXHSGW²
2-16EPWSLEWEZMXEPVSPIMRTVSZMHMRKVIWIEVGLXVEMRMRKJSVGPMRMGEPWGMIRXMWXWERHXLMWMWERMQTSVXERXJEGMPMXEXSVSJXVERWPEXMSREP
TVSNIGXWERHREXMSREPERHMRXIVREXMSREPGSPPEFSVEXMSRW2-16LSWXWQER]ZMWMXMRKTSWXHSGXSVEPGPMRMGEPWGMIRXMWXWJVSQXLI9/ERH
EFVSEHGEVV]MRKSYXVIWIEVGLSRJSVI\EQTPIMRJIGXMSYWHMWIEWIWERHKIRIXMGHMWSVHIVW
The Postdoc Committee
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WYTTSVXXLIGSQQYRMX]SJTSWXHSGWEX2-168LI'SQQMXXIITVSQSXIWGSQQYRMGEXMSRFIX[IIRTSWXHSGWVYRWXLITSWXHSG
[IFWMXIERHSVKERMWIWXLITSWXHSGWIQMREVWIVMIWEW[IPPEWWIZIVEPWSGMEPIZIRXWXLVSYKLSYXXLI]IEV8LI'SQQMXXIILEW
VITVIWIRXEXMSRSRERYQFIVSJ-RWXMXYXIGSQQMXXIIWMRGPYHMRKXLI,IEHWSJ(MZMWMSR6IGIRXP]XLI'SQQMXXIILEWFIKYRXS
TPERNSMRXIZIRXW[MXLTSWXHSGWJVSQXLI'69/0SRHSR6IWIEVGL-RWXMXYXI06-MRTVITEVEXMSRJSVXLIQSZIXSXLI*VERGMW
'VMGO-RWXMXYXIMR-RTEVXMGYPEVXSKIXLIV[MXLTSWXHSGWJVSQ06-XLI'SQQMXXIIMWVIWTSRWMFPIJSVSVKERMWMRKXLIERRYEP
'VMGOTSWXHSGVIXVIEX8LMWVIXVIEXXSSOTPEGIJSVXLI½VWXXMQIPEWX]IEVEX/MRK´W'SPPIKI0SRHSR[MXLXLIEMQSJIRGSYVEKMRK
RIX[SVOMRKERHGSPPEFSVEXMSRFIX[IIRTSWXHSGWEXFSXLMRWXMXYXIW-RXLIGSQMRK]IEVXLI'SQQMXXIIEMQWXSGSRXMRYI[MXL
GYVVIRXEGXMZMXMIWERHMRGVIEWIGSQQYRMGEXMSRWFIX[IIRTSWXHSGWEX2-16ERHXLSWIEXMRWXMXYXMSRWXLEX[MPPEPWSQSZIMRXSXLI
'VMGO
The 2012 Postdoc committee: Robert Blassberg, Alexander Langley, Patricia Garcez,
David Schwefel, Rohini Rana, Gerald Larrouy-Maumus
20
CAREERS
Postdoctoral scientists – in their own words
Gerald Larrouy-Maumus, (MZMWMSRSJ1]GSFEGXIVMEP6IWIEVGL
“My background lies in structural biochemistry. Since November 2011, the aim of my
postdoctoral research in Luiz de Carvalho’s group consists of identifying new enzymes
and unexpected metabolic pathways that can serve as new drug targets against the M.
tuberculosis bacilli, the aetiologic agent of tuberculosis. This work is based on the use of
high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In this context, I believe NIMR is
the place to be to work on such challenging project, as there is a considerable amount of
expertise and a large variety of facilities available in the Institute.
Due to the Institute’s commitment to excellence and the motivating working atmosphere,
I see NIMR as a bridge to a future position as a group leader in another institute or
university or equivalent position in industry or biotech. Moreover, at NIMR, postdoctoral
fellows have close interactions both within and outside of the Institute. This is encouraged
and facilitated by the postdoc committee. We expect similar and more exciting interactions
and collaborations at the future Francis Crick Institute. Altogether these characteristics
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Patricia Garcez,(MZMWMSRSJ1SPIGYPEV2IYVSFMSPSK]
“After completing a Biology degree in Brazil followed by a sandwich Ph.D. in Germany,
I joined NIMR for a postdoctoral training position in Francois Guillemot’s group. My
motivation to join NIMR was the possibility to learn new molecular neurobiology
WOMPPWWTIGM½GEPP][MXLXLMWI\GIPPIRXVIWIEVGLKVSYT8LIWYVTVMWI[EWXLEXRSXSRP]
is Guillemot’s group very committed to excellence but also the whole Institute has
great support facilities and services. Our work focuses on understanding the role of
a proneural factor in cell proliferation and also neuronal differentiation during brain
development.
Being a postdoc at NIMR is a great opportunity for my career. What I like best
about working here is the people and also the generosity of colleagues, sharing
their knowledge, always helping when there are experimental problems, or new
protocols and reagents is needed. It is an honour to collaborate and learn with NIMR
professionals. The interaction with the competent staff is in my opinion what makes
XLMWTPEGIERHQ]S[RI\TIVMIRGILIVIGSQTPIXIERHYRMUYI²
21
CAREERS
Programme Leaders
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JSVE½ZI]IEVTIVMSH[LMGLJSPPS[MRKI\XIVREPVIZMI[GERPIEHXSTVSQSXMSRXSERSTIRIRHIH16'4VSKVEQQI0IEHIV
ETTSMRXQIRX8LMWPEXXIVTSWMXMSRTVSZMHIWPSRKXIVQGSVIWYTTSVXWYFNIGXXSVIKYPEVWGMIRXM½GVIZMI[XLEXIREFPIWEQFMXMSYW
VIWIEVGLXSFIGEVVMIHSYX%RYQFIVSJWGMIRXMWXW[LSLEZIIWXEFPMWLIHXLIMVVITYXEXMSREX2-16LEZIKSRISRXSLIEHMRWXMXYXIW
SVYRMZIVWMX]HITEVXQIRXWEVSYRHXLI[SVPH
Luiz Pedro de Carvalho, (MZMWMSRSJ1]GSFEGXIVMEP6IWIEVGLNSMRIH2-16MR
“I obtained my PhD from Albert Einstein College of Medicine in 2006, working on
enzymology and inhibition studies. After that I spent nearly 5 years at Weill Cornell Medical
College learning mycobacteriology, antibacterial drug discovery and metabolomics. The
QEMRVIEWSR-PSSOIHEX2-16EWXLITPEGIXSWXEVXQ]VIWIEVGLKVSYT[EWWGMIRXM½G
excellence. One of the professors at my old department in Cornell called me and asked
if I was willing to apply for a position abroad. I replied “yes, depending on the place
SJGSYVWI²3RGIWLIXSPHQIXLEXMX[EW2-16ERHEXXLI(MZMWMSRSJ1]GSFEGXIVMEP
Research headed by Douglas Young, I got very excited and started working on the
application immediately. I knew that NIMR had very strong programmes on areas such as
structural biology and infectious diseases, which could synergize with the biochemistry and
metabolomics I was planning on pursuing. I was familiar with the work of several group
PIEHIVWERH-XLSYKLX-GSYPH½XMR[IPP
Coming here to establish my group has been a fabulous experience. People are very
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SFNIGXMZI-EQZIV]JSVXYREXIXSFIEFPIXSWXEVXQ]MRHITIRHIRXGEVIIVEXETPEGIWYGLEW2-16²
Mike Gilchrist, (MZMWMSRSJ7]WXIQW&MSPSK]¯NSMRIH2-16MR
±1]WGMIRXM½GGEVIIVWXEVXIH[MXLE4L(MR1EXIVMEPW7GMIRGIEX'EQFVMHKIFYX
hydrometallurgical electrochemistry was not for me. I took some time out to re-calibrate and
began to travel with my cameras, exploring my interest in landscape imagery and visual art.
)\LMFMXMSRWJSPPS[IHWSQITMGXYVIWWSPH-[EWFVMI¾]EREVXMWXMRVIWMHIRGI©&YXWGMIRGI[EW
to reel me back in. Chance encounters brought molecular biologists into my circle of friends,
and their willingness to talk about their work laid the foundations for Plan B – biology looked
interesting. How could I get into it?
So 1992 - I thought about doing another PhD, but sensed that computing would soon
become a vital part of biology. Evening classes taught me programming languages, and a
PYGO]FVIEOKSXQIENSFMRXLI½RERGIMRHYWXV]8[SFMSXIGLRSPSK]WXEVXYTWWLMJXIHXLIJSGYW
ERH½REPP]VYRRMRKGSVIFMSMRJSVQEXMGWEXXLI+YVHSR-RWXMXYXIMR'EQFVMHKIGSQTPIXIHXLI
transformation into something resembling a computational biologist.
The decision to take the Systems Biology position I was offered at NIMR was easy – an
STTSVXYRMX]XSWIIMJQ]S[RMHIEW[MPP¾]ERHLSTIJYPP]GSRXVMFYXIXSXLMWMRGVIEWMRKP]
complex science. Being at NIMR has comfortably exceeded my expectations. The support
from MRC is fantastic. The collaborative environment in the Institute brings new ideas into the
frame all the time; and for me personally, there has been unexpected encouragement to take
SRXLIGLEPPIRKISJI\TIVMQIRXEP[SVO8LMWLEWEHHIHE[LSPIRI[VERKISJTSWWMFMPMXMIW²
22
CAREERS
Gitta Stockinger, (MZMWMSRSJ1SPIGYPEV-QQYRSPSK] NSMRIH2-16MR
“I came to NIMR after a 6-year period at the Basel Institute for Immunology,
widely considered as a haven for immunological research. The unusual features
at this place were the complete absence of hierarchy and a degree of
independence for young researchers that was unparalleled elsewhere on the
continent. Thus, when looking for a follow-on position I was acutely aware that
I did not want to hand back my independence and integrate into a hierarchical
system towards the bottom of the career ladder.
-EP[E]WEHQMVIHXLI[E]WGMIRGI[EWGSRHYGXIHMRXLI9/-HMHQ]½VWX
postdoc in the UK) and therefore when contacted by Dimitris Kioussis about the
possibility to join a new Division of Molecular Immunology I did not hesitate.
I have had a wonderful 21 years at NIMR since, where my science developed
YRHIVXLIMR¾YIRGISJXLIVIWIEVGLIRZMVSRQIRX½VWXMRGSVTSVEXMRKQSPIGYPEV
biology approaches through interaction with Dimitris Kioussis, Rose Zamoyska and Andy Mellor, my colleagues in the new Division. The
fantastic animal facilities at NIMR and the support by Biological Services were another factor that promoted my research and I am
E[EVIXLEXXLIOMRHSJQSYWIQSHIPW[I[IVIEFPIXSHIZIPSTLIVI[SYPHFIHMJ½GYPXXSWYWXEMREXER]SXLIVMRWXMXYXMSR[MXLMRXLI9/
Last but not least it is the open, collegial and interactive spirit at NIMR that continuously challenged and shaped my research questions
ERHETTVSEGLIW²
James Turner, (MZMWMSRSJ7XIQ'IPP&MSPSK]ERH(IZIPSTQIRXEP+IRIXMGWNSMRIH2-16WXEJJMR?4L(WXYHIRXA
±-½VWXLIEVHEFSYX2-16EWERYRHIVKVEHYEXIMRXIVIWXIHMRMRXIVGEPEXMRKE
PhD into my medical degree. I was encouraged to apply, but was warned that
because the standard of science and the expectations were very high, it would
FIEFETXMWQSJ½VI-XGIVXEMRP][EW-EGGITXIHETSWMXMSRMR4EYP&YVKS]RI´W
lab, which was carrying out paradigm-shifting work on sex chromosomes, but
the genetics involved were complex and the intellectual leap was huge. During
that period, it became clear to me that NIMR was unique. Here was a place
where not just one, but every Division housed internationally renowned scientists,
and where fundamental questions in science and medicine were tackled with
unconventional, inspired approaches.
Having completed my UCL medical degree, I returned to NIMR as a postdoc,
spending a short period at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and the Whitehead Institute in the USA. My time away taught me a
great deal, but what struck me was how similar the science experience in the USA is to that at NIMR. In 2007, I was promoted to a
Programme Leader Track position and in 2012 was awarded tenure. For me, the secret to NIMR’s success is the fearless approach used
XSXEGOPIWGMIRXM½GTVSFPIQWERHXLIYRYWYEPPIZIPSJMRXIKVEXMSRFIX[IIRWGMIRXM½GERHWYTTSVXWXEJJ[LMGLEGGIPIVEXIWWGMIRXM½GTVSKVIWW
IRSVQSYWP]²
23
CAREERS
Research support
2-16SJJIVWGEVIIVSTTSVXYRMXMIWXLEXGERFIFVSEHP]XIVQIHVIWIEVGLWYTTSVXGSZIVMRKQER]HMJJIVIRXX]TIWSJNSFW6IWIEVGL
8IGLRMGMERWEVIPSGEXIH[MXLMRWTIGM½GTVSKVEQQIWERHEVIHMVIGXP]MRZSPZIHMRVIWIEVGL0EFSVEXSV]1EREKIVWPSSOEJXIVEPP
XLIPEFWERHIUYMTQIRXSJSRISVQSVI(MZMWMSRWIRWYVMRKXLEXXLIWGMIRGIVYRWWQSSXLP]1ER]MRHMZMHYEPWEVIMRZSPZIHMRXLI
VYRRMRKSJ2-16´WI\XIRWMZIJEGMPMXMIW8LIFMKKIWXSJXLIWI&MSPSKMGEP7IVZMGIWTVSZMHIWEJYPP]MRXIKVEXIHPEFSVEXSV]ERMQEPERH
XIGLRMGEPVIWSYVGIXSXLI-RWXMXYXI*MREPP]XLI-RWXMXYXIIQTPS]WMRHMZMHYEPWMREVERKISJRSRWGMIRXM½GEGXMZMXMIWMRGPYHMRK(MZMWMSREP
%HQMRMWXVEXSVW4IVWSREP%WWMWXERXW,YQER6IWSYVGIW%GGSYRXW4VSGYVIQIRX7XSVIWERH7IGYVMX]
Rachel Chung, 0EFSVEXSV]1EREKIV
±*SV]IEVW-LEZIFIIREPEFVIWIEVGLXIGLRMGMER1]½VWXNSF[EWEXXLI&MS
Products Laboratory in Elstree as a Research Assistant, working with blood products
like plasma, IgG and Factor VIII. My role in the R&D department was to help develop
RI[HMEKRSWXMGWERHMQTVSZITVSHYGXMSRQIXLSHW%JXIV½ZI]IEVW-XSSOYTETEVX
XMQITSWMXMSREX7X8LSQEW´,SWTMXEPEJXIVQ]½VWXHEYKLXIV[EWFSVR;LIRQ]
second daughter was born I decided to go back to full-time work and joined NIMR.
%X½VWX-[SVOIHMRX[SHMJJIVIRXPEFWMRXLI(MZMWMSRSJ:MVSPSK][SVOMRK[MXL,-:ERH
HPV and later moved to Developmental Neurobiology. In July 2012 I successfully
applied for a Lab Manager position, seeing this as my best chance for career
progression.
%WE0EF1EREKIV-TVSZMHITVMQEVMP]XIGLRMGEPERH½RERGMEPQEREKIQIRXWYTTSVX
Lab Managers at NIMR are ‘jacks of all trades’ who are ready to deal with dayto-day issues – anything that affects the research of our scientists, from resolving
a blocked sink to making sure an important payment was completed. The work is
IRHPIWWFYXZEVMIHGLEPPIRKMRKERHVI[EVHMRK-IRNS]XLI¾I\MFMPMX]-LEZIMRWIXXMRKQ]
own schedules, and the busy nature of the role: there are rarely any boring moments. I
also act as safety and radiation advisor to the Divisions I serve and advise on safety in
containment labs. Above all, I enjoy the interaction with people who help to resolve our
HEMP]TVSFPIQWXLI]EVILIPTJYPERHIJ½GMIRXERHEJXIVEPPXLIWI]IEVW2-16MWWXMPP
XLIJVMIRHPMIWXTPEGI-LEZIIZIV[SVOIH²
Sim Tung, 6IWIEVGL8IGLRMGMER(MZMWMSRSJ-QQYRI'IPP&MSPSK]
“After graduating from university, I started working as a Lab Demonstrator. I enjoyed
XLMWWGMIRXM½GXIEGLMRKVSPIFYXMXPEGOIHXLILERHWSRI\TIVMQIRXEP[SVO-WXVMZIHJSV-
applied to work at NIMR since they have a reputation for excellent research facilities
and a highly collaborative environment. Indeed there is a very positive attitude to
GSPPEFSVEXMSRWEGVSWW(MZMWMSRW-XMWIEW]XS½RHEOMRHGSPPIEKYIXSWLS[]SYLS[XSYWI
equipment and to share their protocols and knowledge.
My role is as a Research Technician in Immune Cell Biology where I have worked for
the past four and a half years. My job mainly involves the genotyping and maintenance
of breeding mouse lines, ensuring the smooth running of the lab on a daily basis and
providing technical assistance for colleagues’ experimental work. Through the years,
I have acquired a diverse range of research techniques. The job is overall very varied
with opportunities to carry out your own research projects and make contributions to
TYFPMGEXMSRW-XMWSJXIRGLEPPIRKMRKFYXZIV]VI[EVHMRKERHIRNS]EFPI²
24
CAREERS
Abdul Karim Sesay, +IRSQMGW*EGMPMX]1EREKIV
“My laboratory career started when I did my industrial placement as part of
a sandwich undergraduate degree at the Middlesex Hospital Medical School
in Central London (now part of University College Hospital). I went back to
the same lab to work and do a PhD as a part-time student. In 1991 I came
to NIMR to work as a postdoc in Tony Lai’s lab in the Division of Physical
Biochemistry. The lab then moved into the division of Neurophysiology and
Neuropharmacology (NN). Following Tony’s departure I became part of Tim
Bliss’s group in 1996. I worked with Tim until he retired in 2009.
-GSQTPIXIHE&MSMRJSVQEXMGW1EWXIVWHIKVIIHYVMRKQ]½REP]IEVMR22-
was asked by the present Director to establish and run the new core Genomics
*EGMPMX]-LEZIFIIRI\XVIQIP]PYGO][MXLQ]WGMIRXM½GPMJIMRXLI-RWXMXYXI
I have had great supervisors who have been supportive of my career and
have given me the opportunities to professionally develop myself and learn
new skills. All this has led directly to my present position, which has been like walking into my dream job without having to leave home
and the family unit of NIMR. I have also been involved in the social aspect of NIMR by playing an active part in NIMROD, our staff
EWWSGMEXMSRMRQSWXSJQ]XMQILIVI2-16LEWFIIREKVIEXERHWYGGIWWJYPTEVXSJQ]WGMIRXM½GPMJIERH-EQKVEXIJYPXSQ]TEWXERH
TVIWIRXWYTIVZMWSVWERHGSPPIEKYIW²
Anna Gibson, 4VSGYVIQIRX1EREKIV
“Surprisingly, as a child I did not dream about working in Finance and
Procurement, I wanted to be an astronaut. Later in life, studying neuroscience
and during my PhD in Developmental Neurobiology at UCL, I only envisaged
EWGMIRXM½GGEVIIV-LEHEWLSVXTSWXHSGTSWMXMSRXLIREWLSVXWTIPPEWE0EF
Manager, and I decided that I valued the security of a career in research
support more than the academic freedom of original research.
I joined NIMR over four years ago as a Laboratory Manager. There is
something very special about NIMR, the wonderful community we comprise,
a place where people matter, friendships are built and most importantly great
science happens. I feel proud that I can still contribute to science, even in
an indirect way. NIMR has allowed me to realise my strengths, to believe in
myself and to build a career. Recently, I moved into Procurement where I am
responsible for capital equipment purchases, the asset database, and service
and maintenance contracts. In addition, I am involved in the preparation
for transition to the Crick. Thanks to NIMR, I am in the process of obtaining a diploma in Purchasing and Supply and am hoping to be
EGXMZIP]MRZSPZIHMRWLETMRKSYVJYXYVIEXXLI'VMGOERHIRWYVMRKXLEXWGMIRXMWXWGERGSRGIRXVEXISRWGMIRGIERHVIWIEVGL²
25
CAREERS
Animal Technicians
2-16MWGSQQMXXIHXSIRWYVMRKELMKLWXERHEVHSJXVEMRMRKERHIHYGEXMSRJSV%RMQEP8IGLRMGMERWERHWYTTSVXWXEJJEXEPPWXEKIWSJ
XLIMVGEVIIVW'SRXMRYSYW4VSJIWWMSREP(IZIPSTQIRX'4(JSV%RMQEP8IGLRMGMERWEX2-16MRGPYHIWJSVQEPERHMRJSVQEPPIEVRMRK
XVEMRMRKERHI\TIVMIRGIW'SQTIXIRG]FEWIHUYEPM½GEXMSRWEPPS[XVEMRMRKWTIGM½GXSXLIMRHMZMHYEPERHXLIMV[SVO[LMPI3TIR
9RMZIVWMX]ERH-RWXMXYXISJ%RMQEP8IGLRSPSK]UYEPM½GEXMSRWHIPMZIVE[MHIORS[PIHKISJPEFSVEXSV]ERMQEPWGMIRGIXLI6WERHE
KSSHFEGOKVSYRHMRFMSPSKMGEPWGMIRGIW8IGLRMGMERWEVIIRGSYVEKIHXSWTIRHXMQIMR2-16VIWIEVGLPEFWMRSVHIVXSKEMRLERHW
SRI\TIVMIRGISJI\TIVMQIRXEPTVSGIHYVIWERHEXXIRH[SVOWLSTWERHWIQMREVWLIPHSREVIKYPEVFEWMWSRWYFNIGXWVIPEXIHXS
PEFSVEXSV]ERMQEPWGMIRGI:MWMXWXSSXLIVWGMIRXM½GIWXEFPMWLQIRXWW]QTSWMEERHMRXIVREXMSREPQIIXMRKWEVIEPWSSVKERMWIH[LMGL
IREFPIXIGLRMGMERWXSKEMRI\TIVMIRGIMRQSVIZEVMIHEWTIGXWSJPEFSVEXSV]ERMQEPLYWFERHV]ERHWGMIRGIIRWYVMRKXLI6WEVI
IQFIHHIHMREPP[SVOMRZSPZMRKERMQEPWEXXLI-RWXMXYXI
Gabriel Wills, %RMQEP8IGLRMGMER
“I initially joined NIMR as a support team member in 2010. My training started
from the very beginning in different areas such as sterilisation, maintaining
FEVVMIVWERHQSVIKIRIVEPP]LS[XSHIPMZIVE½VWXGPEWWWIVZMGIXSWYTTSVXXLI
science. Since then I started to attend different workshops and seminars that
are held on a regular basis. Moreover, I decided to look beyond this job and
explore work related to animal care. I had the opportunity to visit different
animal units and gained some knowledge about animal care, animal handling
and general animal husbandry.
By the beginning of 2012 I had decided I wanted to become an animal
technician, and was promoted to this job by the end of 2012. With this
promotion I had the opportunity to complete the CPD (Continuous Professional
Development) Level 2 in Animal Technology. Taking this course has been very
YWIJYPFIGEYWIMXLIPTIHQIXSVI½RIXLIORS[PIHKI-LEHTVIZMSYWP]KEMRIHERHEPWSXSYRHIVWXERHMRHIXEMPXLIPIKEPERHIXLMGEP
EWTIGXWSJERMQEP[IPJEVIERHERMQEPVIWIEVGL;MXLSYXHSYFXXLI'4(0IZIPGSYVWILEWKMZIRQIXLIGSR½HIRGIERHWOMPPWRIIHIHXS
GEVV]SYXQ]HYXMIWXSELMKLWXERHEVH²
Joanna Butt, 7IRMSV%RMQEP8IGLRMGMER
“I joined NIMR 21 years ago as a Junior Animal Technician. After in-house
training I attended a day-release course and gained the IAT Animal Technology
'IVXM½GEXI7MRGIXLIR-LEZIEXXIRHIHWIZIVEPWIQMREVWERHGSYVWIWXSIRLERGI
my knowledge not only of my job but also the science based at the Institute. After
becoming a Senior Technician in 2009 I completed the NVQ Level 3 in Animal
Technology. This both enhanced my knowledge and taught me more about other
units and species used within NIMR. For this course I had to go out and research
the topics myself, giving me more contact with other staff around the Institute.
Some of my main duties are animal husbandry and welfare, overseeing colony
management, co-ordinating staff within the unit, corresponding with scientists
about their orders and delivering the service and support required for their
research, aiding in the general running of the unit/ordering supplies. I also train
WXEJJERHIRWYVIXLEXQ]XIEQQIQFIVWLEZIXLIWOMPPWRIGIWWEV]XSSJJIVE½VWXGPEWWWIVZMGI-RXLIIZIVGLERKMRK[SVPHSJWGMIRGIXLIVI
is always a need to adapt and change techniques in both husbandry and procedures, so staff are encouraged to expand their knowledge,
KEMRRI[WOMPPWERHEMQJSVXLILMKLIWXWXERHEVHSJERMQEPLYWFERHV]ERH[IPJEVI²
26
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
Support for translation
Eileen Clark
0EFSVEXSV]FEWIHWXYHMIWEX2-16YRHIVTMRXLI16'´W
QMWWMSRXSMQTVSZILYQERLIEPXLXLVSYKLVIWIEVGL
(MWGSZIVMIWSJLS[QSPIGYPIWGIPPWERHSVKERWEVIJSVQIH
VIKYPEXIHERHJYRGXMSRTVSZMHIXLIORS[PIHKIXLEXGERPIEH
XSRI[XLIVETMIWERHHMEKRSWXMGW8LMW³MRXIPPIGXYEPTVSTIVX]´
ERHMXWXVERWPEXMSRMRXSTVSHYGXWWYGLEWYWIJYPRSZIPHVYKW
SVZEGGMRIWJIIHWMRXSGSQQIVGMEPTVSNIGXWXLEXGERFYMPH
SRXLMW³ORS[LS[ÉRH8IGLRSPSK]8VERWJIVJEGMPMXEXIWXLMW
I\TPSMXEXMSR
7SQIWXYHMIWEVIGPSWIP]EPMKRIHXSWTIGM½GLYQERHMWIEWIW
ERHXLMWVIWIEVGLFIRI½XWJVSQGPSWIMRXIVEGXMSRW[MXL
GPMRMGMERW4VSHYGXMZII\GLERKIFIX[IIRFEWMGWGMIRXMWXWERH
GPMRMGMERWEPPS[WQSHIPW]WXIQWXSFIYWIHXSXLIMVKVIEXIWX
EHZERXEKIMRWGMIRXM½GHMWGSZIV]ERHTVSZMHIWMRWMKLXW
MRXSXLIHMWIEWITVSGIWWMRTEXMIRXWEW[IPPEWTSXIRXMEP
XVIEXQIRXWERHMQTVSZIHGPMRMGEPGEVI
Technology Transfer
2-16WGMIRXMWXWEVIWYTTSVXIHF]EPSGEP8IGLRSPSK]8VERWJIV3J½GI[LMGLTVSZMHIWQIGLERMWQWERHWXVYGXYVIXSEPPS[FEWMG
XIGLRSPSK]XVERWJIVEGXMZMXMIWWYGLEWQEXIVMEPXVERWJIVEKVIIQIRXWGSPPEFSVEXMSREKVIIQIRXWERHGSR½HIRXMEPMX]EKVIIQIRXWXSFI
HIEPX[MXLPSGEPP]ERHWTIIHMP]8LI3J½GIMWEPWSVIWTSRWMFPIJSVVEMWMRKE[EVIRIWWSJMRXIPPIGXYEPTVSTIVX]MWWYIWERHIRGSYVEKMRK
WGMIRXMWXWXSFIEPIVXXSTSXIRXMEPI\TPSMXEXMSRSTTSVXYRMXMIW
16'8IGLRSPSK]16'8MWXLII\GPYWMZIXIGLRSPSK]XVERWJIVEKIRXJSVXLI1IHMGEP
6IWIEVGL'SYRGMPERHMWVIWTSRWMFPIJSVXVERWPEXMRKGYXXMRKIHKIWGMIRXM½GHMWGSZIVMIW
MRXSGSQQIVGMEPTVSHYGXW-REHHMXMSRXLI]LEZIWQEPPQSPIGYPIHVYKHMWGSZIV]ERH
XLIVETIYXMGERXMFSH]JEGMPMXMIWTVSZMHMRKPIEHWXEKIXLIVETIYXMGEWWIXWXSTLEVQEGIYXMGEP
ERHFMSXIGLRSPSK]GSQTERMIW16'8IGLRSPSK]EHHWZEPYIXSGYXXMRKIHKIWGMIRXM½G
HMWGSZIVMIWXLVSYKLWXVEXIKMGTEXIRXTVSXIGXMSRERHGVIEXMZIPMGIRWMRKSJMRXIPPIGXYEP
TVSTIVX]-4SVXLVSYKLTEVXRIVIHVIWIEVGL[MXLMRHYWXV])\EQTPIWSJPMGIRWIH
XIGLRSPSK]MRGPYHIXVERWKIRMGQMGIERHGV]WXEPWXVYGXYVIW2-16WGMIRXMWXWLEZIEZEVMIX]
SJMRHYWXVMEPGSPPEFSVEXMSRWERHEPWSEGXEWGSRWYPXERXWXSEVERKISJGSQTERMIW
%XVERWPEXMSRGPYFJSV2-16WGMIRXMWXWTVSQSXIWGSPPEFSVEXMSRWRIX[SVOW[MXL16'8XLITLEVQEGIYXMGEPMRHYWXV]GPMRMGMER
WGMIRXMWXWERHIRKMRIIVW-XEMQWXSEGLMIZIFIXXIVXVERWPEXMSREPI\TPSMXEXMSRSJ2-16WGMIRXMWXW´½RHMRKWVIEKIRXWQIXLSHSPSKMIW
ERHIUYMTQIRX-XQIIXWX[SSVXLVIIXMQIWE]IEVERHMREHHMXMSRXS2-16WGMIRXMWXWMRZSPZIWVITVIWIRXEXMZIWJVSQOI]TEVXRIVW
MRGPYHMRK16'8ERH9RMZIVWMX]'SPPIKI0SRHSR,SWTMXEPXSHMWGYWWRI[STTSVXYRMXMIWJSVXVERWPEXMSRERHXSVEMWIXLISZIVEPP
E[EVIRIWWSJTSXIRXMEPMRXIVIWXMRKSTTSVXYRMXMIW-REHHMXMSRXLIGPYFEMQWXSFVMRKMREGVSWWWIGXMSRSJI\TIVXWJVSQTSXIRXMEP
TEVXRIVWEWKYIWXWTIEOIVWSRERad hocFEWMWXSSTIRYTRI[MHIEWERH[E]WSJXLMROMRK'EWIWXYHMIWSJTVIZMSYW2-16
WYGGIWWIWMRXVERWPEXMSRLEZIFIIRTVIWIRXIHXS4VSKVEQQI0IEHIVWEXXLI-RWXMXYXI8LIGPYFEMQWXSIWXEFPMWLERMRJSVQEP
RIX[SVOSJGSRXEGXWXLEXMWVIEHMP]EGGIWWMFPIXS2-16WGMIRXMWXWMRSVHIVXSLIPTI\TPSMXXLIMV½RHMRKW
27
Commercial translation
Phosphate biosensor
%FEWMGVIWIEVGLTVSKVEQQISRQSXMPMX]TVSXIMRWVIUYMVIH
EVETMHERHWIRWMXMZI[E]XSQIEWYVIMRSVKERMGTLSWTLEXI
SRITVSHYGXSJ%84L]HVSP]WMW8LMWPIHXSERSZIPETTVSEGL
E¾YSVIWGIRXVIEKIRXPIWWFMSWIRWSV8LIGSRGITXMW
WXVEMKLXJSV[EVH%TVSXIMRMWYWIHEWXLIFMSWIRWSVJVEQI[SVO
XSMRXIVEGX[MXLXLIXEVKIXQSPIGYPIMRXLMWGEWITLSWTLEXI
ERHMWQSHM½IHF]EXXEGLQIRXSJE¾YSVIWGIRXVITSVXIV
&MRHMRKSJPMKERHWSJXIRVIWYPXWMRVETMHGSRJSVQEXMSREP
GLERKIWERHXLIWIGERFIVIEHSYXF]GLERKIWMRXLI
¾YSVIWGIRXVITSVXIV%TLSWTLEXIFMRHMRKTVSXIMR[EWGLSWIR
ERHE¾YSVSTLSVI[EWEXXEGLIHXSXLMWJVEQI[SVOXSTVSZMHI
XLIWMKREPMRVIWTSRWIXSTLSWTLEXIFMRHMRK8LIVIWYPXMRK
EHHYGXLEWEQMPPMWIGSRHVIWTSRWIXMQIERHGERQIEWYVIWYF
QMGVSQSPEVGSRGIRXVEXMSRWSJTLSWTLEXI
%PXLSYKLSVMKMREPP]HIWMKRIHJSVETEVXMGYPEVTVSNIGXXLI
[MHIWTVIEHWXYH]SJTLSWTLEXEWIW%84EWIWERH+84EWIW
QIERXLEXXLMWMWEKIRIVEPXSSPERHPIHXSTEXIRXTVSXIGXMSR
F]XLI16'PMGIRWMRKXSGSQTERMIWERHIZIRXYEPP]XLI
EZEMPEFMPMX]SJXLIFMSWIRWSVGSQQIVGMEPP]8LII\TIVMIRGIERH
HIWMKRTVMRGMTPIWSJXLMWFMSWIRWSVLEZIEPWSPIHXSERYQFIV
SJVIPEXIHHIZIPSTQIRXW7IZIVEPFMSWIRWSVWYWMRKWMQMPEV
TVMRGMTPIW[IVIHIZIPSTIHEX2-16MRGPYHMRKSRIWJSV%(4
ERH+(4[LMGLLEZIRS[FIIRTEXIRXIH
7XVYGXYVISJTLSWTLEXIFMSWIRWSVWSPZIHEX2-16GSYQEVMR¾YSVSTLSVIMR
red, inorganic phosphate in blue). (Martin Webb)
Mouse House
2-16%RMQEP8IGLRMGMERWPIHXLI[SVOXSHIZIPSTETVSZIR
IRVMGLQIRXHIZMGIXLEXLEWWMKRM½GERXP]IRLERGIHXLI[IPJEVI
SJPEFSVEXSV]QMGIXLI1SYWI,SYWI[LMGL[EWTEXIRXIH
F]XLI16'ERHMWRS[QEVOIXIHF]8IGLRMTPEWX9/3ZIV
1SYWI,SYWIWLEZIFIIRWSPH[SVPH[MHI8LI
XVERWTEVIRXVIHMWSJEWTIGM½G[EZIPIRKXLXLEXXLIQMGIWII
EWHEVOKVI]8LYW[LIRMRWMHIXLI1SYWI,SYWIQMGIJIIP
WIGYVI[LMPI8IGLRMGMERWGERWXMPPWIIMRXSGEVV]SYXVSYXMRI
GLIGOWERHLYWFERHV]7XYHMIWLEZIWLS[RXLEXXLIQSYWI
LSYWILIPTWXSVIHYGIEKKVIWWMSRERHMQTVSZIWFVIIHMRK
TIVJSVQERGI[LMGLMWIWTIGMEPP]MQTSVXERXMRXVERWKIRMG
QSYWIWXVEMRW8LIHIWMKRIVWSJXLI1SYWI,SYWI[IVI
E[EVHIHXLI³%RMQEP;IPJEVI%[EVH´F]XLI7[MWW
7SGMIX]JSV0EFSVEXSV]%RMQEP7GMIRGIXLI½VWXRSREGEHIQMG
VIGMTMIRXWSJXLMWTVIWXMKMSYWE[EVH
The Mouse House.
28
Clinical translation
4EXLSKIRWGSRXMRYIXSFPMKLXLYQERLIEPXLERHSYVVIWIEVGLSRMRJIGXMSYWHMWIEWIWWYGLEWMR¾YIRÊQEPEVMEERHXYFIVGYPSWMW
8&FIRI½XWJVSQERHMRJSVQWGPMRMGEPTVEGXMGI[SVPH[MHI0EFSVEXSV]VIWIEVGLERHERMQEPQSHIPWJSVLYQERHMWIEWIWTVSZMHI
TVEGXMGEPMRWMKLXWXLEXGERXVERWPEXIMRXSGPMRMGEPFIRI½X
-R¾YIRÊ
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W]WXIQERHMWSRISJWM\GSPPEFSVEXMRKGIRXVIWXLEXEWWIWWXLIERXMKIRMGERHKIRIXMGGLEVEGXIVMWXMGWSJMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIWJVSQEVSYRH
XLI[SVPH8LIWIGIRXVIWEHZMWIXLI;,3ERHJSVQYPEXIXLIX[MGI]IEVP]VIGSQQIRHEXMSRWJSVXLIGSQTSWMXMSRSJWIEWSREP
MR¾YIRÊZEGGMRIW8LIGIRXVIWEPWSEHZMWIXLI;,3SRXLIIQIVKIRGISJHVYKVIWMWXERXZMVYWIWERHSRXLILYQERTERHIQMG
TSXIRXMEPSJERMQEPMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIW
Malaria
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SJ4EVEWMXSPSK](IPQMVS*IVRERHI^6I]IWERH8SR],SPHIVERHXLI'SPPIKI
SJ1IHMGMRI9RMZIVWMX]SJ-FEHER9RMZIVWMX]'SPPIKI,SWTMXEPMR-FEHER2MKIVME
8LMWGSPPEFSVEXMSRFVMRKWXSKIXLIVXLIQSPIGYPEVI\TIVXMWISJ2-16ERHXLI
GPMRMGEPWOMPPWERHLSWTMXEPMRJVEWXVYGXYVIJSVXLIQEREKIQIRXSJWIZIVIQEPEVME
MR-FEHER[LIVIQEPEVMEMWSRISJXLIQSWXGSQQSRGEYWIWSJHIEXLMR]SYRK
GLMPHVIR6IWIEVGLSRXLIQSPIGYPEVFEWMWSJWIZIVIQEPEVMEFIRI½XWJVSQXLI
GPSWIEPMKRQIRX[MXLGPMRMGEPWTIGMEPMWXWERHTVSZMHIWEPEFSVEXSV]VIWIEVGL
GETEFMPMX]GPSWIXSTEXMIRXTSMRXSJGEVI&MSQEVOIVWXLEXTVIHMGXHMWIEWIWIZIVMX]
LEZIFIIRHI½RIHERHLEZIXLITSXIRXMEPJSVHIZIPSTQIRXMRXSXSSPWJSVHMWIEWI
TVSKRSWMWERHGPMRMGEPQEREKIQIRX6IGIRX[SVOSRLITGMHMRWYKKIWXWXLEXMVSR
WYTTPIQIRXEXMSRQMKLXRSXFIRIGIWWEV]MRXLIQEREKIQIRXSJWIZIVIGLMPHLSSH
QEPEVME
Tuberculosis and HIV-TB coinfection
Waiting at the Children’s Outpatient Clinic, University
College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
&EGXIVMEPVIWTMVEXSV]MRJIGXMSRWVIQEMREQENSVKPSFEPGEYWISJHIEXLHIWTMXIXLI
EZEMPEFMPMX]SJERXMFMSXMGW0EXIRXXYFIVGYPSWMWMRJIGXMSREJJIGXWSRIXLMVHSJXLI[SVPH´WTSTYPEXMSRERH XLIVIEVIQMPPMSRRI[
EGXMZIXYFIVGYPSWMWGEWIWERHQMPPMSRHIEXLWERRYEPP]HYIXSTEXLSPSKMGEPMR¾EQQEXSV]VIWTSRWIW-RXLITVIERXMFMSXMGIVE
ZMXEQMR([EWYWIHXSXVIEXXYFIVGYPSWMW:MXEQMR(MRHYGIWMRREXIERXMQMGVSFMEPVIWTSRWIWERHWYTTVIWWIWTVSMR¾EQQEXSV]
cytokine responses in vitroFYXXLIIJJIGXWSJZMXEQMR(WYTTPIQIRXEXMSRSRMQQYRIVIWTSRWIWMRLYQERW[EWYRORS[R-REXVMEP
JYRHIHF]XLI&VMXMWL0YRK*SYRHEXMSRERHEGSPPEFSVEXMSRFIX[IIREKVSYTSJ0SRHSRLSWTMXEPWERH6SFIVX;MPOMRWSR´WKVSYT
XLIMR¾YIRGISJLMKLHSWIZMXEQMR(SRFEGXIVMEPGPIEVERGIMRTEXMIRXWVIGIMZMRKERXMFMSXMGXVIEXQIRXJSVTYPQSREV]XYFIVGYPSWMW
[EWIZEPYEXIH-X[EWJSYRHXLEXLMKLHSWIZMXEQMR(KMZIR[MXLERXMFMSXMGXVIEXQIRXEGGIPIVEXIWXLIVIWSPYXMSRSJMR¾EQQEXSV]
VIWTSRWIWERHLIPTWXLITEXMIRXWXSVIGSZIVQSVIUYMGOP]8LMWGERPIEHXSTEXMIRXWFIMRKMRJIGXMSYWJSVEWLSVXIVTIVMSHSJXMQI
ERHWYJJIVMRKPIWWPYRKHEQEKI
29
Clinical translation
'PSWIXMIWMR7SYXL%JVMGEXLI;MPOMRWSRKVSYTEXXLI9RMZIVWMX]SJ'ETI8S[RERH0SRHSRLEZIEPPS[IHEXIEQSJFEWMG
VIWIEVGLIVWGPMRMGMERWERHFMSMRJSVQEXMGMERWPIHF]%RRI3´+EVVEXSMHIRXMJ]EXVERWGVMTXMSREPWMKREXYVIMRXLIFPSSHSJEGXMZI8&
TEXMIRXWERHEFWIRXMRXLIQENSVMX]SJEW]QTXSQEXMGPEXIRXERHLIEPXL]MRHMZMHYEPW8LMWWMKREXYVISJEGXMZIXYFIVGYPSWMWGSVVIPEXIW
[MXLXLII\XIRXSJPYRKHMWIEWIERHMWHMQMRMWLIHYTSRXVIEXQIRXXLYWSJJIVMRKTSXIRXMEPFMSQEVOIVWJSVHMEKRSWMWERHXVIEXQIRX
QSRMXSVMRK)JJIGXMZIIEVP]XVIEXQIRXMWIWWIRXMEPXSTVIZIRX[SVWIRMRKHMWIEWIHMWIEWIXVERWQMWWMSRERHHVYKVIWMWXERGI-RE
JSPPS[YTWXYH]SJEGXMZI8&WMKRM½GERXGLERKIWMRXVERWGVMTXMSREPTVS½PIW[IVIHIXIGXEFPIX[S[IIOWEJXIVXLIWXEVXSJXVIEXQIRX
TVSZMHMRKWYVVSKEXIFMSQEVOIVWSJEWYGGIWWJYPXVIEXQIRXVIWTSRWI
-REGSPPEFSVEXMSRFIX[IIR(IPQMVS*IVRERHI^6I]IWEX2-16ERHKVSYTWJVSQ-QTIVMEP'SPPIKIXLI97%ERH4IVYMX[EWWLS[R
XLEXTEXMIRXW[MXLEGXMZI8&GEREPWSFIHMWXMRKYMWLIHJVSQXLSWI[MXLPEXIRXMRJIGXMSRERHJVSQRSR8&TEXMIRXW[MXLSZIVPETTMRK
GPMRMGEPfeatures YWMRKTPEWQETVSXISQITVS½PMRK8LMWGSR½VQWXLEXTVSXISQMGTEXXIVRWGEREPWSFIYWIHEWEHMEKRSWXMGETTVSEGL
XSMHIRXMJ]EGXMZI8&
8VERWPEXMSRSJFMSQEVOIVWMRXSEWYMXEFPITSMRXSJGEVIJSVQEX[MPPLEZIWMKRM½GERXMQTPMGEXMSRWJSVVIGSKRMXMSRERHGSRXVSPSJEGXMZI
8&MRLMKLTVIZEPIRGIWIXXMRKW
A new animal model for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
7YHHIR-RJERX(IEXL7]RHVSQI7-(7SV³GSXHIEXL´MWEWYFWXERXMEPQIHMGEPTVSFPIQ6EXIWSJEVSYRHSRIHIEXLMRIZIV]
ETTEVIRXP]LIEPXL]MRJERXWQEOI7-(7XLIPIEHMRKGEYWISJHIEXLMRXLI½VWX]IEVSJPMJIEJXIVXLIRISREXEPTIVMSH8LITEXLSPSK]
SJ7-(7XLIYRHIVP]MRKGEYWIWERHXLIQIGLERMWQSJHIEXLEVITSSVP]YRHIVWXSSH8LIQENSVMX]SJVMWOJEGXSVWJSV7-(7EVI
EWWSGMEXIH[MXLPS[PIZIPWSJS\]KIRMRXLIRI[FSVRFYXXLIWMKRM½GERGISJXLMWMWGSRXVSZIVWMEP6SWW&VIGOIRVMHKIERH1EVMERRI
2IEV]MR8MQ1SLYR´WKVSYTLEZIHIZIPSTIHERI[QSYWIQSHIP[MXLEKIRIXMGEPP]EPXIVIHGIPPYPEVS\]KIRWIRWMRKW]WXIQ8LI
GIPPWMRXLILIEVXWSJXLIWIQMGIJYRGXMSREWMJXLI]EVIMRPS[S\]KIRGSRHMXMSRWERHXLIWIQMGILEZIXLI)'+EFRSVQEPMXMIWXLEX
EVIEWWSGMEXIH[MXLMRJERXWEXVMWOSJ7-(78LIVIWIEVGLIVWTVSTSWIEQSHIPXLEXPMROWRISREXEPL]TS\ME[MXLWYHHIRHIEXLF]
GEVHMEGEVVL]XLQMEF]QMWVIKYPEXMSRSJGEVHMEG'\ERHMSRGLERRIPW8LIWXYH]WYKKIWXWJSVXLI½VWXXMQIXLEXXLIVIMWEHMVIGX
IJJIGXSJS\]KIRPIZIPWSRXLIQ]SGEVHMYQSJMRJERXW8LMW[SVOWLSYPHEPPS[MRWMKLXWMRXSXLIQIGLERMWQSJ7-(7ERHJYVXLIV
[SVOSRTVIZIRXEXMZIXVIEXQIRXW
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in a macrophage.
Green =Mtb; Blue = macrophage nucleus
30
Analysis of the SIDS mouse model which is engineered to upregulate hypoxia signalling in the heart
at normal levels of oxygen,
PUBLIC OUTREACH
Public engagement
Human Biology Essay Competition
8LIERRYEP2-16,YQER&MSPSK])WWE]'SQTIXMXMSREMQWXSJSWXIVERMRXIVIWXMRGSQQYRMGEXMRKWGMIRXM½GMRJSVQEXMSRXSE
KIRIVEPEYHMIRGIERHXSKMZIWGLSSPWXYHIRXWWSQITVEGXMGIMRIWWE][VMXMRK8LIXIRXL)WWE]'SQTIXMXMSR[EW[SRF](EZMRE7YM
%RR'LESSJ7X4EYP´W+MVPW´7GLSSP[LS[VSXISR±%VI[IXSSGPIERJSVSYVS[RKSSH#²%PPXLIIRXVERXWVIGIMZIETVMÎSJXLI
GYVVIRXZSPYQISJ1MPP,MPP)WWE]W[LMPIXLI[MRRIVERHX[SVYRRIVWYTVIGIMZIE½RERGMEPTVMÎERHWTIRHEHE]EX2-16WIIMRK
ZMWYEPP]ETTIEPMRKTVSNIGXW
Research Summer School
-RWYQQIV2-16TPE]IHLSWXXSXIRWXYHIRXWHVE[RJVSQXIRPSGEPWGLSSPW8LI7YQQIV7GLSSPMW½RERGIHF]XLI2YJ½IPH
*SYRHEXMSR[LMGLE[EVHWFYVWEVMIWXSIEGLWXYHIRX8LIWXYHIRXWYRHIVXEOITVSNIGXWHIZMWIHERHWYTIVZMWIHF]2-16WXEJJYWMRK
XLIGSVIXIGLRMUYIWSJQSHIVRQSPIGYPEVFMSPSK]ERHFMSGLIQMWXV]8LIGSYVWIWXEVXW[MXLELEPJHE]MRHYGXMSRMRQSPIGYPEV
FMSPSK]PEFWOMPPWWEJIX]ERHVIGSVHOIITMRK7XYHIRXWTVSHYGII\GIPPIRXTSWXIVWERHVITSVXWSJXLIMV[SVOXSFIWLS[REXIZIRXW
SVKERMWIHF]XLI2YJ½IPH*SYRHEXMSR8IEGLIVWXIPPYWXLEXFYVWEV]LSPHIVWEVIEZMZMHEHZIVXMWIQIRXJSVXLI7YQQIV7GLSSPERH
XLI]MRWTMVIXLIRI\XKIRIVEXMSRSJWGMIRGIWXYHIRXWXSJSPPS[XLIWEQIVSYXI7SQISJSYVIEVPMIVGSLSVXWSJWXYHIRXWEVIRS[
VIWIEVGLIVWLEZMRKIQIVKIHJVSQYRMZIVWMX][MXL½VWXGPEWWHIKVIIW
Annual Schools Days
7XYHIRXWMR=IEVEVIMRZMXIHXSERIZIRXHIWMKRIHXSIRVMGLXLIMVI\TIVMIRGISJXLIPMJIWGMIRGIW8LIXLIQIJSVXLMW]IEV´WIZIRX
[EW³&MKXSWQEPP´[MXLXEPOWSRIQFV]SPSK]GSRRIGXSQMGWERHLMKLXLVSYKLTYXWIUYIRGMRK7SVVIP&MGOPI]KEZIEPMZIP]EGGSYRXSJ
XLIIQFV]SPSKMGEPSVMKMRWERHFMSPSKMGEPWMKRM½GERGISJXLIWXIVRYQMPPYQMREXIH[MXLPSXWSJREXYVEPLMWXSV]ERHMRXIVIWXMRKMRWMKLXW
MRXSIZSPYXMSREV]FMSPSK])HI6ERG^QEHIMQEKMREXMZIYWISJ*EGIFSSOEWEQIXETLSVJSVXLIMRXIVEGXMSRWSJRIYVSRWMPPYWXVEXMRK
MX[MXLEVVIWXMRKMQEKIW%FHYP7IWE]MRXVSHYGIHXLIZMWMXSVWXSXLI[SVPHSJLMKLXLVSYKLTYXWIUYIRGMRKGSRZI]MRKXLIGIRXVEP
TPEGIXLEXXLMWXIGLRSPSK]LEWMRQSHIVRFMSQIHMGEPWGMIRGI
8LIVI[EWEGETEGMX]EYHMIRGISJZMWMXSVWSZIVX[SHE]WHVE[RJVSQPSGEPWGLSSPW8LIVI[EWEPWSEWIVMIWSJ[SVOWLSTW
ERHHIQSRWXVEXMSRWWLS[MRKXLIMRXVMGEXITVSGIHYVIWIQTPS]IHMRYRHIVWXERHMRKXLIIEVP]HIZIPSTQIRXSJJVSKERH½WL
IQFV]SWERHXLITVIGMWIXLMROMRKERHSFWIVZEXMSRVIUYMVIHXSWXYH]¾]KIRIXMGW4SWXIVTVIWIRXEXMSRWWLS[IHLMKLUYEPMX]MQEKIW
JVSQGYVVIRX[SVOXSMRXVSHYGIXLIWXYHIRXWXSRI[WYFNIGXWERHXLIJEWXMHMSYWTVIWIRXEXMSRWXERHEVHWXLEXI\MWXMRWGMIRGIXSHE]
31
PUBLIC OUTREACH
Public engagement
Professional development for teachers
-R.YRI[ILIPHEQIIXMRKJSVPSGEPXIEGLIVWMR[LMGL[IJSGYWWIHSRXLVIIMHIEW[MXLEWTIGMEPTPEGIMRQSHIVRFMSQIHMGEP
XLMROMRKXLIWMKRM½GERGISJTVSXIMRKVS[XLJEGXSVWMRWLETMRKGIPPJEXIXLIMQTSVXERGISJWXVYGXYVEPWXYHMIWSJTVSXIMRWERHLS[[I
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,S[TL]WMGEPQIXLSHWLIPTYWYRHIVWXERHLS[TVSXIMRWIRKMRIIVTVSKVEQQIHGIPPHIEXLERHSXLIVI\XVESVHMREV]
FMSPSKMGEPEGXMZMXMIW8.6EKER
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8LIWTIEOIVWJSYRHI\EGXP]XLIVMKLXPIZIP[MXLWYJ½GMIRXRSZIPQEXIVMEPXSMRXIVIWXXIEGLIVWFYXRSXXSSJEVVIQSZIHJVSQXLI
GYVVMGYPYQ8LIPMZIP]HMWGYWWMSRERH[VMXXIRVIWTSRWIWEJXIV[EVHWWYKKIWXXLIIZIRX[EWEKVIEXWYGGIWW'PSWIXSXIEGLIVW
VIKMWXIVIHJSVXLIIZIRXGSQMRKJVSQHMJJIVIRXWGLSSPW
Direct involvement in schools
2-16WXEJJTEVXMGMTEXIHMVIGXP]MRWGMIRGIIHYGEXMSRMRXLI7GMIRGI%QFEWWEHSVWWGLIQITVSZMHMRKEHMWXMRGXMZIIRVMGLQIRXXS
GSQTPIQIRXXLIRSVQEPWGLSSPGYVVMGYPYQ7XEJJEVIEWOIHXSKMZIXEPOWEFSYXXLIMVVIWIEVGLSVSXLIVXSTMGWXS=IEVGPEWWIW
JVSQXMQIXSXMQI7XEJJEVIEPWSMRZSPZIHMRI\XIRHIHTVSNIGXWVIUYMVIHJSVWSQI%PIZIPGSYVWIWEXX[SI\GIPPIRXPSGEPWGLSSPW
;ILEZIWIXYTTVSKVEQQIW[LIVI2-16WXEJJERW[IVUYIWXMSRWERHTYXWXYHIRXWSRXLIVMKLXXVEGO
The University of the Third Age (U3A) at NIMR
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JSVVIXMVIHTISTPI[LSIRNS]PIEVRMRKEFSYXWGMIRGI1ER]XVEZIPUYMXIPSRKHMWXERGIWXSEXXIRH8LMW]IEVXLIXLIQI[EWJIXEP
HIZIPSTQIRX[MXLXEPOWF]%PI\+SYPHSRFVEMRWTEVMRKERH1EPGSPQ0SKERSRPMQFHIZIPSTQIRX8LIVI[EWEGETEGMX]GVS[H
SJRIEVP]IRXLYWMEWXW
32
PUBLIC OUTREACH
NIMRart
a
2-16EVXMWERI\TIVMQIRXEPERHMRRSZEXMZIEVXWTVSKVEQQIGVIEXMRKSTTSVXYRMXMIWJSVEVXMWXWXSQEOIERHXLMROEFSYXEVX
MRERSREVXGSRXI\X%WIVMIWSJVIWMHIRGMIWWIXYTMRGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXLXLI%VXW'SYRGMPERHGSYTPIH[MXLWLSVXZMWMXWXEPOW
I\LMFMXMSRWERHTYFPMGEXMSRWLEWTVSHYGIHERIZIVGLERKMRKTPEXJSVQJSVMHIEWERHGVIEXMZMX]&]EGXMZIP]IRGSYVEKMRKEVXMWXWXS
IRKEKI[MXLWGMIRXMWXWERHSXLIVWXEJJEXXLI-RWXMXYXIERMRGVIEWIHGSRWMHIVEXMSRERHGSQTVILIRWMSRSJXLI[SVOSJFSXLXLI
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2-16EPWSWYFWGVMFIWXSXLI%VXW'SYRGMP'SPPIGXMSR´W0SRK0SER7GLIQIEPPS[MRKSTTSVXYRMXMIWXSI\LMFMX[SVOWF]JEQSYWERH
IWXEFPMWLIHEVXMWXWMRSYVGSQQSRTYFPMGEVIEW8LMWGSQTPIQIRXWXLII\EQTPIWSFXEMRIHJVSQXLI2-16EVXTVSKVEQQIERHSYV
S[RVSPPMRKI\LMFMXMSRHMWTPE]IHMRXLIGSVVMHSVWERHWXEMV[IPPWSJMQEKIWXEOIRJVSQGYVVIRXWGMIRXM½GTVSNIGXW
Recent loans from the Arts Council Collection include (left to right) Eduardo Paolozzi, Caprese, bronze 1975, Basil Beattie, Cause and Effect V,
acrylic on paper 1975, Colin Hall, Sunbather, cotton, gesso and acrylic 1978.
Mill Hill Essays
7MRGI2-16LEWTVSHYGIHERERRYEPFSSOPIXSJIWWE]WXSMRGVIEWITYFPMGE[EVIRIWWSJXSTMGEPWGMIRXM½GMWWYIW;VMXXIRF]
QIQFIVWSJWXEJJIEGLFSSOPIXMRGPYHIWEVERKISJXSTMGWVERKMRKJVSQIQIVKMRKMRJIGXMSRWXSWXIQGIPPWERHGPSRMRK8LI]EVI
KMZIRXSZMWMXSVWERHHMWXVMFYXIHXSPSGEPWGLSSPWERHSXLIVSVKERMWEXMSRW
PDF versions of all the published Mill Hill Essays can be accessed at: http://www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/mill-hill-essays
nimr
i mrc ac uk/mill
k/
hill essays
33
Immune Cell Biology
Immunoregulation
Molecular Immunology
Mycobacterial Research
Parasitology
Virology
34
Victor Tybulewicz (Head of Division)
Steve Ley
Benedict Seddon
Pavel Tolar
Anne O’Garra (Head of Division)
George Kassiotis
Andreas Wack
Gitta Stockinger (Head of Division)
Venizelos Papayannopoulos
Mark Wilson
Douglas Young (Head of Division)
Luiz Pedro de Carvalho
Max Gutierrez
Robert Wilkinson
Tony Holder (Head of Division)
Michael Blackman
Delmiro Fernandez-Reyes
Eva Frickel
Jean Langhorne
Jonathan Stoye (Head of Division)
Kate Bishop
John Doorbar
John McCauley
;,3'SPPEFSVEXMRK'IRXVIJSV6IJIVIRGIERH6IWIEVGLSR-R¾YIRÊ;-'
INFECTIONS AND IMMUNITY
Virology
Kate Bishop
Infection and replication of retroviruses
0EFQIQFIVW:MVKMRMI&SYGLIVMX3TLIPMI'SWRIJVS],EVVMIX+VSSQ(EVVIR;MKLX
6IXVSZMVYWIWGEYWIWIZIVIHMWIEWIWMRGPYHMRKMQQYRSHI½GMIRG]
ERHGERGIV8LILYQERMQQYRSHI½GMIRG]ZMVYW,-:MWXLI
QSWX[MHIP]ORS[RVIXVSZMVYWHYIXSMXWMQTEGXSRLYQER
LIEPXL8LIPEXIWX½KYVIWVITSVXXLEXQMPPMSRTISTPIKPSFEPP]
EVIPMZMRK[MXL,-:%-(7%FIXXIVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLI
TSSVP]HI½RIHIEVP]WXEKIWSJVIXVSZMVEPMRJIGXMSR[SYPHEMH
HIZIPSTQIRXSJRSZIPERXMZMVEPXLIVETMIWJSVVIXVSZMVEPHMWIEWIW
IRLERGIXLIHIWMKRSJVIXVSZMVEPKIRIXLIVET]ZIGXSVWERHLIPT
XSMQTVSZIQSHIPWSJHMWIEWI8LIXLVIIQEMRTVSNIGXWMRQ]
PEFSVEXSV]MRZIWXMKEXIZEVMSYWEWTIGXWSJXLIWIIEVP]WXITW
8LITTVSXIMRSJQYVMRIPIYOEIQMEZMVYW10:LEWER
YRORS[RFYXIWWIRXMEPJYRGXMSRIEVP]MRVIXVSZMVEPVITPMGEXMSR
:MVYWIWGEVV]MRKQYXEXMSRWMRTGERVIZIVWIXVERWGVMFI
XLIMVKIRSQIWFYXGERRSXMRXIKVEXIXLMWREWGIRX(2%9WMRK
QYXEKIRIWMWWXYHMIW[ILEZIQETTIHX[SHSQEMRWMRTXLEX
EGXMRGSRGIVXERHGERFILEZIMREHSQMRERXRIKEXMZIQERRIV
;ILEZITYVM½IHTERHWLS[RXLEXMXHSIWRSXWIPJEWWSGMEXI
MRWSPYXMSR;IEVIRS[YWMRKEZEVMIX]SJFMSGLIQMGEPERH
ZMVSPSKMGEPXIGLRMUYIWXSMHIRXMJ]TMRXIVEGXMRKJEGXSVWERH
GLEVEGXIVMWIXLIQIGLERMWQSJTJYRGXMSR-REHHMXMSR[I
EVIYWMRKQMGVSWGST]XSZMWYEPMWITPSGEPMWEXMSRHYVMRKZMVEP
VITPMGEXMSR
Publications
;MKLX(.&SYGLIVMX:'2EHIV1%PPIR(.8E]PSV-%ERH&MWLST/2
The gammaretroviral p12 protein has multiple domains that function during the early stages of
replication.
Retrovirology 9:83
+VSSQ,'8ERH&MWLST/2
The tale of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus.
Journal of General Virology 93
+VSSQ,'8=ET1;+EPnS642IMP7.(ERH&MWLST/2
Susceptibility of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) to retroviral restriction
factors.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107
Model for the function of p12 during the early stages of MLV replication.
(A) Normally, infection results in integration of viral DNA into host
chromatin. (B) Defects in the N-terminal domain of p12, E-A, affect the
stability of the viral core and abort infection very early in the replication
pathway. (C) Alterations to the C-terminal domain of p12, E-B, prevent p12
from tethering the pre-integration complex to host chromatin, inhibiting
integration.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
35
Parasitology
Mike Blackman
Proteases in host cell exit and invasion by the malaria parasite
0EFQIQFIVW'LVMWXMRI'SPPMRW7YNEER(EW*MSRE,EGOIXX6SFIVX1SSR1EVME4IR^S6SFIVX7XEPPQEGL1EPGSPQ7XVEXL
'EXLIVMRI7YEVI^'LVMWPEMRI;MXLIVW1EVXMRI^'LVMWXMEERZER3SMN
1EPEVMEGEYWIWMQQIRWIWYJJIVMRKOMPPMRKEXPIEWXSRIQMPPMSRTISTPIIEGL]IEVERHMW
EQENSVGSRXVMFYXSVXSTSZIVX]8LIHMWIEWIMWGEYWIHF]EWMRKPIGIPPIHTEVEWMXIERH
MWWTVIEHF]QSWUYMXSIW8LIVIMWRSQEPEVMEZEGGMRIERHVIWMWXERGIEKEMRWXQEMRWXE]
ERXMQEPEVMEPHVYKWMW[MHIWTVIEH8LIVIMWERIIHXS½RHRI[[E]WXSXVIEXERH
GSRXVSPXLMWHIZEWXEXMRKHMWIEWI
8LIQEPEVMETEVEWMXIMRJIGXWERHHMZMHIW[MXLMRVIHFPSSHGIPPW8LIWIIZIRXYEPP]
VYTXYVIVIPIEWMRKEJVIWL[EZISJTEVEWMXIWXSMRZEHIRI[VIHGIPPW3YV[SVO
JSGYWIWSRLS[XLITEVEWMXIMRZEHIWERHIWGETIWJVSQMXWLSWXVIHGIPPMRERXMGMTEXMSR
XLEXEFIXXIVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLMW[MPPEMHXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJQYGLRIIHIHRI[
ERXMQEPEVMEPHVYKWERHEZEGGMRI;ILEZIETEVXMGYPEVMRXIVIWXMREJEQMP]SJTEVEWMXI
IR^]QIWXLEXVIKYPEXIXLIVIPIEWISJMRZEWMZITEVEWMXIWJVSQXLIVIHFPSSHGIPP
;IEVIMRZIWXMKEXMRKXLIWXVYGXYVIJYRGXMSRERHVIKYPEXMSRSJXLIWIIR^]QIWERH
WIEVGLMRKJSVMRLMFMXSV]GSQTSYRHW[MXLTSXIRXMEPXSFIHIZIPSTIHEWERXMQEPEVMEP
HVYKW
Publications
1SSR6;,EPP.6ERKOYXM*,S=7%PQSRH2
1MXGLIPP+,4EMR%,SPHIV%%ERH&PEGOQER1.
Adaption of the genetically tractable malaria pathogen
Plasmodium knowlesi to continuous culture in human
erythrocytes.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110: 6YIGOIV%7LIE1,EGOIXX*7YEVI^',MVWX)1%
1MPYXMRSZMG/;MXLIVW1EVXMRI^'ERH&PEGOQER1.
Proteolytic activation of the essential parasitophorous
vacuole cysteine protease SERA6 accompanies malaria
parasite egress from its host erythrocyte.
Journal of Biological Chemistry 287
3PMZMIVM%'SPPMRW'6,EGOIXX*;MXLIVW1EVXMRI^'
1EVWLEPP.*P]RR,67OILIP.1ERH&PEGOQER1.
Juxtamembrane shedding of Plasmodium falciparum
AMA1 is sequence independent and essential, and helps
evade invasion-inhibitory antibodies.
PLoS Pathogens 7I
Molecular model of the active site of PfSUB1, a
subtilisin-like protease involved in malaria parasite
release from its red cell. A peptide substrate is shown
docked into the active site cleft.
36
-QQYRS¾YSVIWGIRGIMQEKIWLS[MRKMRXVEGIPPYPEV
malaria merozoites covered with an invasion-related
protein called AMA1 (green). Another important
protein called EBA175 (red) is still within merozoite
secretory organelles called micronemes. Parasite
nuclei are stained blue.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis systems and chemical biology
0EFQIQFIVW8MQSXL]/IRGL,ERME/LSYV]+qVEPH0EVVSY]1EYQYW-IZE4EPYFIGOEMXI+EVIXL4VSWWIV
The recent dissemination of strains of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis1XFVIWMWXERXXSQYPXMTPIHVYKWGSRWXMXYXIW
EQENSVLIEPXLXLVIEX1EROMRHQMKLXWSSRJEGIXLI½VWX
ITMHIQMGSJYRXVIEXEFPIXYFIVGYPSWMW1YPXMHVYKVIWMWXERGI
EVMWIWERHMWWIPIGXIHJSVFIGEYWISJXLIGSQTPI\KVS[XL
TEXXIVRSJ1XFMXWI\XVIQIEHETXEXMSRXSXLILSWXERH
FIGEYWII\MWXMRKXLIVETMIWEVI¾E[IH4EWXQ]GSFEGXIVMEP
ERHERXMQ]GSFEGXIVMEPVIWIEVGLTVSKVEQQIWLEZIGPIEVP]
RSXFIIRWYJ½GMIRXP]IJJIGXMZIEXTVSZMHMRKRSZIPXLIVETMIW
XLEXGSYPHVIZIVWIXLMWXVIRH2SZIPETTVSEGLIWERH
XIGLRSPSKMIWEVIYVKIRXP]RIIHIHXSEZSMHEKPSFEPLIEPXL
GEXEWXVSTLI
Our work has demonstrated that biochemistry and
FMSEREP]XMGEPGLIQMWXV]GERPIEHXSFIXXIVYRHIVWXERHMRK
SJTLIRSX]TIWERHXEVKIXWERHXLIVEXMSREPHIWMKRERH
WXYH]SJRSZIPERXMFEGXIVMEPEKIRXW;ILEZIGSQTPIXIH
EXLSVSYKLGLEVEGXIVMÊXMSRSJXLIEPPSWXIVMGMRLMFMXMSR
QIGLERMWQSJ1XF%84TLSWTLSVMFSW]PXVERWJIVEWIWII
½KYVIERIWWIRXMEPIR^]QIMR0LMWXMHMRIFMSW]RXLIWMW
%PPSWXIVMGMRLMFMXSVWERHEGXMZEXSVWEVIGYVVIRXP]FIMRK
GLEVEGXIVMWIH;ILEZIEPWSVIGIRXP]ETTPMIHEGXMZMX]
FEWIHQIXEFSPSQMGTVS½PMRKXSMHIRXMJ]XLI½VWXKP]GIVSP
TLSWTLEXITLSWTLEXEWIJVSQ1XF8LMWIR^]QIETTIEVW
XSFIMRZSPZIHMRPMTMHTSPEVLIEHQIXEFSPMWQERIWWIRXMEP
GSQTSRIRXSJTPEWQEQIQFVERIFMSW]RXLIWMWERH
VIQSHIPPMRK
Publications
1ES'7LYOPE10EVVSY]1EYQYW+(M\*0/IPPI]0%7XIVRFIVK1.7SFVEP&;HI
'EVZEPLS04
Functional assignment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteome revealed by
genome-scale fold-recognition.
Tuberculosis 93:
4IHVIyS74MWGS.40EVVSY]1EYQYW+/IPP]+ERHHI'EVZEPLS047
Mechanism of feedback allosteric inhibition of ATP phosphoribosyltransferase.
Biochemistry 51¯
HI'EVZEPLS047>LES,(MGOMRWSR')%VERKS210MQE'(*MWGLIV713YIVJIPPM3
2EXLER'ERH6LII/=
%GXMZMX]FEWIHQIXEFSPSQMGTVS½PMRKSJIR^]QEXMGJYRGXMSRMHIRXM½GEXMSRSJ6ZG
as a mycobacterial 2-hydroxy-3-oxoadipate synthase.
Chemistry & Biology 17
Characterisation of the mechanism of allosteric inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
ATP phosphoribosyltransferase. Combination of X-ray crystallography, steady-state and
pre-steady state kinetics, pH studies and saturation transfer NMR spectroscopy.
7IIVIJIVIRGIERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
37
Virology
John Doorbar
Human papillomavirus biology and disease
0EFQIQFIVW'PEVI(EZ],IEXLIV+VMJ½R1MGLEIP-SERRSY(IFSVEL.EGOWSR4EYPMRI1G-RXSWL)QMPMS4EKPMEVYPS=EWQMRE7SRINM
'LVMWXMRE9RXIVWTIVKIV5MER;ERK>LSRKPMR;Y
,YQERTETMPPSQEZMVYWIW,4:GEYWIEVERKISJWMKRM½GERX
LYQERHMWIEWIWMRGPYHMRKPEV]RKIEPTETMPPSQEXSWMWKIRMXEP[EVXW
ERHGIVZMGEPRISTPEWME'IVXEMR,4:X]TIWORS[REWLMKL
VMWOX]TIWGEYWIGIVZMGEPPIWMSRWXLEXGERTVSKVIWWXSGERGIV
'IVZMGEPGERGIVMWEQENSVJIQEPIGERGIV[SVPH[MHIERHMW
EPQSWXEP[E]WGEYWIHF],4:8LIWIZMVYWIWGEREPWSGEYWI
EWMKRM½GERXTVSTSVXMSRSJLIEHERHRIGOXYQSYVWERHLEZI
FIIRMQTPMGEXIHMRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJWSQIRSRQIPERSQE
WOMRGERGIVW,S[XLIFSH]GSRXVSPWMRJIGXMSRMWTSSVP]
YRHIVWXSSHERHGYVVIRXP]XLIVIMWRSERXMZMVEPXLIVET]XLEXGER
VIPMEFP]GPIEVMRJIGXMSR
Publications
-WEEGWSR;IGLWPIV);ERK56SFIVXW-4EKPMEVYPS)
.EGOWSR(9RXIVWTIVKIV''SPIQER2+VMJ½R,ERH
(SSVFEV.
Reconstruction of human papillomavirus type
16-mediated early-stage neoplasia implicates E6/
E7 deregulation and the loss of contact inhibition in
neoplastic progression.
Journal of Virology 86
/LER.(EZ]')1G-RXSWL4&.EGOWSR(.,MR^7;ERK5
ERH(SSVFEV.
The role of calpain in the formation of HPV16 E1Ê4
EQ]PSMH½FIVWERHVISVKERMÊXMSRSJXLIOIVEXMRRIX[SVO
Journal of Virology 85¯
'IRXVEPXSYRHIVWXERHMRKTETMPPSQEZMVYWEWWSGMEXIHHMWIEWIEVI
QSHIPW]WXIQW[LMGLEPPS[YWXSI\EQMRIMRXLIPEFSVEXSV]
LS[XLIZMVYWHMWVYTXWXLIRSVQEPKVS[XLERHHMJJIVIRXMEXMSR
SJXLIITMXLIPMEPGIPPWXLEXMXMRJIGXW9WMRKWYGLETTVSEGLIW
[IGERWXYH]XLIMRMXMEPIZIRXWHYVMRKPIWMSRJSVQEXMSRXLI
QIGLERMWQSJHMWIEWIVIWSPYXMSRERHZMVEPTIVWMWXIRGIERH
LS[ZMVEPPEXIRG]ERHVIEGXMZEXMSRQMKLXFIQIHMEXIH-RSYV
KVSYTWYGLWXYHMIWEVIWYTTSVXIHF]WXVSRKPMROW[MXLGPMRMGEP
PEFSVEXSVMIWERHF]ETTVSTVMEXIQSPIGYPEVWXYHMIW[LMGLPSSO
EXZMVEPTVSXIMRJYRGXMSRERHXLIGIPPYPEVTEXL[E]WXLEXXLI]
HMWVYTXMRSVHIVXSWYTTSVXXLIRSVQEPSVHIVIKYPEXIHZMVYW
PMJIG]GPI3YV[SVOMWYPXMQEXIP]HVMZIRF]XLIRIIHXSFIXXIV
YRHIVWXERH,4:HMWIEWIERHLS[XSPMQMXMXWMQTEGX
1EKPIRRSR+%1G-RXSWL4ERH(SSVFEV.
Persistence of viral DNA in the epithelial basal layer
suggests a model for papillomavirus latency following
immune regression
Virology 414
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERH
MRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYT
MR
38
Working model of HPV Latency as outlined in Maglennon at al (2011) Virology 414 p153-163. Lesion
GPIEVERGIMRZSPZIWXLIWLYXSJJSJZMVEPKIRII\TVIWWMSREWP]QTLSG]XIWMR½PXVEXI
Parasitology
Delmiro Fernandez-Reyes
Pathogenesis of childhood severe malaria
0EFQIQFIVW7EQYIP%FEL(MQMXVMSW%XLEREWEOMW*PSVIRGI&YVXI-ERMRE'SRXI&EVV])P].YLS6SYWY3PYKFIQMVS7SHIMRHI
,EPJSJXLI[SVPHTSTYPEXMSRMWEXVMWOSJQEPEVME,YQER
QEPEVMEGEYWIHF]Plasmodium falciparumVITVIWIRXWEKPSFEP
HMWIEWIFYVHIR[MXLERIWXMQEXIHQMPPMSRGPMRMGEPITMWSHIW
TIV]IEVPIEHMRKXSEVSYRHSRIQMPPMSRHIEXLW'IVIFVEPQEPEVME
ERHWIZIVIQEPEVMEPEREIQMEEVIFSXLQENSVGSQTPMGEXMSRW
[MXLWMKRM½GERXQSVXEPMX]ERHQSVFMHMX]MRGLMPHVIRYRHIV
½ZI]IEVWSJEKIMR7YF7ELEVER%JVMGE;IEVIJSGYWIHSR
XLIWXYH]SJWIZIVIQEPEVMEW]RHVSQIWMRGLMPHVIREXXIRHMRK
XIVXMEV]LSWTMXEPWMRHIRWIP]TSTYPEXIHLSPSIRHIQMGQEPEVME
EVIEW1EPEVMETEXLSKIRIWMWGEYWIHF]XLITEVEWMXI´WEWI\YEP
IV]XLVSG]XMGG]GPIPEVKIP]SGGYVWMRXLIZEWGYPEVGSQTEVXQIRX
;IEVIMRXIVIWXIHMRFSXLXLIVSPISJIRHSXLIPMEPGIPPEGXMZEXMSR
ERHXLITPEWQETVSXISQIGLERKIWXLEXSGGYVHYVMRKHMWXMRGX
WIZIVIQEPEVMETVIWIRXEXMSRW
;IGEVVMIHSYXEPEVKIGEWIGSRXVSPTPEWQETVSXISQI
WXYH]SJGLMPHLSSHWIZIVIQEPEVMEMRGPYHMRKHMWGSZIV]ERH
ZEPMHEXMSRGSLSVXWEXXLIQEMRXIVXMEV]LSWTMXEPSJXLIGMX]SJ
-FEHER2MKIVMEYRHIVXLIEYWTMGIWSJXLI'LMPHLSSH1EPEVME
6IWIEVGL+VSYT3YVGPMRMGEPTVSXISQMGWWXYH]WLS[WXLEX
TPEWQETVSXISQITVS½PIWEGGYVEXIP]HMWGVMQMREXIWIZIVI
GLMPHLSSHQEPEVMEJVSQYRGSQTPMGEXIHGEWIWEW[IPPEWJVSQ
MPPERHLIEPXL]QEPEVMERIKEXMZIGLMPHVIR8LIHI½RIHTPEWQE
TVSXISQITEXXIVRWEVIGSQTSWIHSJEGSQFMREXMSRSJWIZIVEP
HMJJIVIRXMEPP]I\TVIWWIHTVSXIMRWXLEXEGXEWFMSQEVOIVWSJXLI
WIZIVIQEPEVMEHMWIEWITVSGIWW
Publications
%NIXYRQSFM;%3VMQEHIKYR%)&VS[R&.%JSPEFM2/3PEFM]M*%%RIXSV.-3QSOLSHMSR
73WMRYWM/%OMRFEQM*37LSOYRFM;7SHIMRHI3ERH*IVRERHI^6I]IW(
Haemoglobinuria among children with severe malaria attending tertiary care in Ibadan,
Nigeria.
Malaria Journal 11:336
7ERHLY+&EXXEKPME*)P]&/%XLEREWEOMW(1SRXS]E6:EPIRGME8+MPQER6,)ZERW'%
*VMIHPERH.7*IVRERHI^6I]IW(ERH%KVERSJJ((
Discriminating active from latent tuberculosis in patients presenting to community
clinics.
PLOS ONE 7:e38080
Scatter plot of mean age-group parasite density vs. mean age-group
prevalence in urban west Africa, 2004-2011.
1EPEVMETEVEWMXITVIZEPIRGIVMWIW[MXLEKIMRXLIYRHIV½ZIWHVSTWMR
early childhood but remains high in older children. The high prevalence
½KYVIWEGVSWWEPPEKIKVSYTWEVIELIEZ]FYVHIRSRGLMPHLIEPXL
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMW
KVSYTMR
39
Parasitology
Eva Frickel
A new perspective on anti-Toxoplasma gondii immunity
0EFQIQFIVW&EVFEVE'PSYKL'PIQIRGI*SPX^%WLPIMKL.SLRWXSR1MGLEIP0YOYQFY^]E%RRE7ERIGOE(YMR
8LITVSXS^SERTEVEWMXI Toxoplasma gondii MRJIGXWEFVSEHVERKISJLSWXW[MXLE
WIVSTVIZEPIRGIMRQERSJEFSYXToxoplasmaQEMRXEMRWERMRXVMGEXIFEPERGI
FIX[IIRMXWS[RWYVZMZEPERHLSWXHIJIRGIXSEGLMIZIGLVSRMGMX]-*2aXLIQEMR
G]XSOMRIVIWTSRWMFPIJSVMXWGSRXVSPEGXMZEXIWGIPPWXSVIWXVMGXMRXVEGIPPYPEVTEVEWMXI
VITPMGEXMSRSVXSOMPPMRXVEGIPPYPEVToxoplasma'IPPQIHMEXIHMQQYRMX]HVMZIRQSWXP]F]
'(8GIPPWGSRJIVWVIWMWXERGIXSXLIGLVSRMGTLEWISJXLITEVEWMXI8LISYXGSQISJER
infection with ToxoplasmaMWHIXIVQMRIHRSXSRP]F]XLILSWX´WMQQYRIWXEXYWFYXEPWS
F]XLIKIRSX]TISJXLIMRJIGXMRKWXVEMRToxoplasmaTEXLSKIRIWMWVIWYPXWJVSQTEVEWMXI
FYVHIRGSRGYVVIRX[MXLERSZIVWXMQYPEXMSRSJXLIMQQYRIW]WXIQMRXLIJSVQSJLMKL
PIZIPWSJ8LIPTIVGIPPX]TIG]XSOMRIW
3YVPSRKXIVQKSEPMWXSMHIRXMJ]RSZIPTEXL[E]WERHQIGLERMWQWSJLSWXVIWMWXERGI
to Toxoplasma;IEVIWXYH]MRKLS[XLITEVEWMXSTLSVSYWZEGYSPI4:MWVIQSHIPPIH
[MXLMRLSWXGIPPWXSPMQMXTEVEWMXIVITPMGEXMSREW[IPPEWLS[ToxoplasmaQERMTYPEXIW
XLIMQQYRIW]WXIQXSQSYRXERIJ½GMIRXFYXRSXHIXVMQIRXEP'(8GIPPVIWTSRWI
;IEVIWTIGM½GEPP]MRXIVIWXIHMRXLIJYRGXMSREPGSRWIUYIRGIWSJZEGYSPEVVIGSKRMXMSR
by IFNaYTVIKYPEXIHT+84EWIW+&4WE]IXYRHIVWXYHMIHGPEWWSJVIKYPEXSV]
TVSXIMRW%HHMXMSREPP][IEVIHI½RMRKXLIVIUYMVIQIRXWJSVVIGSKRMXMSRERHJYRGXMSREP
consequences of ToxoplasmaERXMKIRWTIGM½G'(8GIPPWMRXLIGLVSRMGTLEWISJ
MRJIGXMSRMRXLIFVEMR
Publications
;MRXIV7:2MIHIPQER;.IRWIR/(6SWS[WOM)).YPMIR0
7TSSRIV)'EVEHSRRE/&YVPIMKL&%7EIMN.4.4PSIKL,0
ERH*VMGOIP)1
Determinants of GBP recruitment to Toxoplasma gondii
vacuoles and the parasitic factors that control it.
PLoS ONE 6I
/MVEO3*VMGOIP)1+VSXIRFVIK+17YL,.EIRMWGL6ERH
4PSIKL,0
8VERWRYGPIEVQMGI[MXLTVIHI½RIH8GIPPVIGITXSV
WTIGM½GMXMIWEKEMRWXToxoplasma gondii obtained via SCNT.
Science 328
*VMGOIP)17ELSS2,STT.+YFFIPW1.'VEZIV14./RSPP
0.4PSIKL,0ERH+VSXIRFVIK+1
4EVEWMXIWXEKIWTIGM½GVIGSKRMXMSRSJIRHSKIRSYW
Toxoplasma gondii-derived CD8+ T cell epitopes.
Journal of Infectious Diseases 198
7IIVIJIVIRGIMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSR
JVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
40
T cell receptor (TCR) sequences of three distinct lines of mice that recognise the same peptide-MHC
complex. With these, we are investigating how MHC-TCR interactions dictate memory CD8 phenotypes.
Toxoplasma enters nucleated cells via active
invasion. It is unclear how the host restricts
the parasitophorous vacuole to limit parasite
replication and facilitate antigen presentation to
CD8 T cells.
Max Gutierrez
Cell biology of M. tuberculosis infection
0EFQIQFIVW8LSQEW0IVRIV0EYVE7GLRIXXKIV
8SPMZI[MXLMRIYOEV]SXMGGIPPWM. tuberculosisLEWHIZIPSTIH
XLVSYKLIZSPYXMSRERMQTVIWWMZIWIXSJQSPIGYPEVXSSPW1ER]
GPMRMGEPQERMJIWXEXMSRWERHTVSFPIQWHYVMRKXVIEXQIRXSJ
XYFIVGYPSWMWEVIEHMVIGXGSRWIUYIRGISJETSTYPEXMSRSJ
MRXVEGIPPYPEVFEGMPPM%PXLSYKLin vitro and in vivo studies have
WLIHPMKLXSRWSQIEWTIGXWSJXYFIVGYPSWMWTEXLSKIRIWMW
[IWXMPPHSRSXGSQTPIXIP]YRHIVWXERHLS[M. tuberculosis
QEREKIWXSWYVZMZIMRIYOEV]SXMGGIPPW;IFIPMIZIXLEXE
HIXEMPIHYRHIVWXERHMRKSJLSWXQ]GSFEGXIVMEMRXIVEGXMSRW[MPP
TVSZMHIMRWMKLXWRSXSRP]MRXSXLIQIGLERMWQWYWYVTIHF]
Q]GSFEGXIVMEXSWYVZMZIFYXEPWSMRXSFEWMGEWTIGXWSJGIPPYPEV
JYRGXMSRWERHMRXLIMRREXIMQQYRIW]WXIQ
6IWIEVGLMRSYVKVSYTJSGYWIWSRXLIQIGLERMWQW[LIVIF]
M. tuberculosisEVVIWXWTLEKSWSQIQEXYVEXMSRERHEZSMHW
OMPPMRKF]QEGVSTLEKIWERHRSRTLEKSG]XMGGIPPW8S[EVHWXLMW
KSEP[IWXYH]XLIMRXVEGIPPYPEVXVERWTSVXSJM. tuberculosis
MRQEGVSTLEKIWITMXLIPMEPERHIRHSXLIPMEPGIPPW;ILEZI
MHIRXM½IHRSZIPJEGXSVWMRZSPZIHMRZIWMGYPEVXVEJ½GOMRKERH
TVSXIMRWSVXMRKTEVXMGYPEVP]TLEKSP]WSWSQIJYWMSRHYVMRK
MRJIGXMSR8LIWITVSXIMRWEVITVSQMWMRKGERHMHEXIWJSVFIMRK
MRZSPZIHMRXLIP]WSWSQEPQIHMEXIHOMPPMRKSJM. tuberculosis,
EW[IPPEWMRXLIQSPIGYPEVIZIRXWPMROMRKMRREXIERHEHETXMZI
MQQYRIVIWTSRWIW;IEVIGYVVIRXP]GLEVEGXIVMWMRKXLIVSPI
TPE]IHF]XLIWITVSXIMRWHYVMRKXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJMRREXIERH
EHETXMZIMQQYRIVIWTSRWIW
Publications
4IM+&VSRMIXÔM1ERH+YXMIVVI^1+
Immune regulation of Rab proteins expression and intracellular transport.
Journal of Leukocyte Biology 92
HI7SYÊ'EVZEPLS'/EWQETSYV&+VSRS[%6SLHI16EFMRSZMXGL1ERH+YXMIVVI^1+
Internalization, phagolysosomal biogenesis and killing of mycobacteria in enucleated epithelial
cells.
Cellular Microbiology 13
Endothelial cells infected with mycobacteria expressing GFP. Bacteria are
shown in green, actin cytoskeleton (rhodamine-phalloidin staining) in red and
nuclei (DAPI staining) in blue.
/EWQETSYV&+VSRS[%&PIGO'/),SRK;ERH+YXMIVVI^1+
Size-dependent mechanism of cargo sorting during lysosome-phagosome fusion is controlled
by Rab34.
41
Parasitology
Tony Holder
Malaria parasites and red blood cells
0EFQIQFIVW7YVE]E(ME^1YRM+VEMRKIV.YHMXL+VIIR'PEMVI,EWXMRKW1EHLY/EHIOSTTEPE)PPIR/RYITJIV6SFIVX1SSR7SPE
3KYR/EZIVM6ERKEGLEVM7LMKILEVY7EXS=YOMXE7EXS2SSV%^MER=YWYJ
1EPEVMEMWGEYWIHF]ETEVEWMXMGTVSXS^SERXLEXMRZEHIW
VIHFPSSHGIPPW[LIVIMXHIZIPSTWERHQYPXMTPMIWFIJSVI
FYVWXMRKSYXERHMRZEHMRKJVIWLVIHGIPPW8LMWG]GPIMW
VIWTSRWMFPIJSVXLIHMWIEWI9RHIVWXERHMRKXLIMRXIVEGXMSR
between the parasite and the host immune system
GSRXVMFYXIWXSXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJEQEPEVMEZEGGMRI8LI
MHIRXM½GEXMSRSJRI[XEVKIXWJSVHVYKWXSOMPPXLITEVEWMXI
ERHMRXIVVYTXXLIG]GPISJQYPXMTPMGEXMSRSJJIVWXLITSXIRXMEP
SJRI[XLIVETIYXMGMRXIVZIRXMSRW
-RSRIEVIESJVIWIEVGL[ILEZIJSGYWIHSRXLITVSXIMRW
JSYRHSRXLIWYVJEGISJXLIQIVS^SMXIJSVQSJXLITEVEWMXI
XLEXMWVIPIEWIHJVSQXLIMRJIGXIHVIHFPSSHGIPP8LIWI
TVSXIMRWQE]FIVIWMHIRXSVTIVMTLIVEPQIQFVERITVSXIMRW
ERHWSQIEVIWIGVIXIHSYXJVSQMRXIVREPSVKERIPPIWNYWX
FIJSVIFMRHMRKERHMRZEWMSRSJERI[VIHFPSSHGIPP8LI]
JSVQPEVKIQYPXMGSQTSRIRXGSQTPI\IW[LMGLEVIEPWS
JYVXLIVQSHM½IHF]TSWXXVERWPEXMSREPQSHM½GEXMSRWYGL
EWTVSGIWWMRKF]TVSXIEWIW7SQISJXLITVSXIMRWQIHMEXI
FMRHMRKXSLSWXPMKERHWETVSGIWW[LMGLMWIWWIRXMEPJSV
VIHGIPPVIGSKRMXMSRERHMRZEWMSR8LIWIMRXIVEGXMSRWQE]
FIHMWVYTXIHF]LSWXERXMFSH]ERHXLITEVEWMXIXEVKIXWSJ
XLIWIERXMFSHMIWEVIGERHMHEXIWJSVZEGGMRIHIZIPSTQIRX
Publications
&IPP%71MPPW.);MPPMEQW+4&VERRMKER.%;MPOMRWSR%.
4EVOMRWSR80IEXLIVFEVVS[6.8EXI);,SPHIV%%ERH
7QMXL(*
Selective inhibitors of protozoan protein
N-myristoyltransferases as starting points for tropical
disease medicinal chemistry programs.
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 6I
+YXXIV](74SYPMR&*IVKYWSR(.47^SSV&;MGOWXIEH
&'EVVSPP406EQEOVMWLRER'&VEH](4EXÎ[MX^)1
7XVEWGLMP97SP]EOSZ0+VIIR.07MRHIR6)8SFMR%&
,SPHIV%%ERH8I[EVM6
A unique protein phosphatase with kelch-like domains
(PPKL) in Plasmodium modulates ookinete differentiation,
motility and invasion.
PLoS Pathogens 8I
1SWW(/6IQEVUYI).*EFIV&;'EZEREKL(6%VRSX
()8LSQEW%;ERH,SPHIV%%
Plasmodium falciparum 19-kilodalton merozoite surface
TVSXIMR174WTIGM½GERXMFSHMIWXLEXMRXIVJIVI
with parasite growth in vitro can inhibit MSP1
processing, merozoite invasion and intracellular parasite
development.
Infection and Immunity 80
7IIVIJIVIRGIW
ERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSV
TYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
42
Parasite antigens recognised
by antibodies from children
and adults living in a malaria
endemic area. Immune adults
have antibodies reacting with
a larger spectrum of proteins
compared with the non-immune
children.
Merozoites are among the smallest eukaryotic cells and invade red
blood cells. The apical rhoptry and microneme organelles facilitate
invasion driven by an actomyosin motor located on the inner
membrane complex.
Immunoregulation
George Kassiotis
Antiviral immunity
0EFQIQFIVW9VW^YPE)OWQSRH1MGSP*IVVS7XITLIR0EQ&IXXMRE1EZVSQQEXMW.YPME1IVOIRWGLPEKIV+ISVKMRE8LSVFSVR
+ISVKI=SYRK
-RJIGXMSYWHMWIEWIWGEYWIEUYEVXIVSJEPPHIEXLW[SVPH[MHIERHMRGERGIVW
'IVXEMRZMVYWIWGEYWIEGYXIMRJIGXMSRWMRLYQERW[LMGLGERFIVETMHP]JEXEP[MXLMR
HE]WJSVI\EQTPIMR¾YIRÊ%ERHWQEPPTS\ZMVYWIW-RGSRXVEWXSXLIVZMVYWIWEVI
EFPIXSTIVWMWXGLVSRMGEPP]MRMRJIGXIHMRHMZMHYEPWHIWTMXIMRHYGXMSRSJERMQQYRI
VIEGXMSRIK,-:LITEXMXMWERHLIVTIWZMVYWIW%PQSWXEPPLYQERWEVIGLVSRMGEPP]
MRJIGXIHF]SRISVQSVITIVWMWXIRXZMVYWIW3YVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLITEXLSKIRMG
TVSGIWWIWSJZMVEPMRJIGXMSRVIQEMRWMRGSQTPIXI
-REHHMXMSRXSJEGMRKEQYPXMTPMGMX]SJMRJIGXMSR[MXLI\SKIRSYWZMVYWIWEPPQEQQEPW
MRGPYHMRKLYQERWLEZIEPSRKWXERHMRKW]QFMSXMGVIPEXMSRWLMT[MXLEGSRWMHIVEFPI
RYQFIVSJQMGVSFMEPWTIGMIWWYGLEWXLIQMGVSFMSXEERHIRHSKIRSYWVIXVSZMVYWIW
)6:W,EPJSJXLIKIRSQIMWGSQTSWIHSJXVERWTSWEFPIVIXVSIPIQIRXWPMOI)6:W
[LMGLEVIVIPMGWSJERGIWXVEPVIXVSZMVEPMRJIGXMSR1SWXMJRSXEPP)6:WEVIYREFPIXS
VITPMGEXIHYIXSMREGXMZEXMRKQYXEXMSRW3YVVIGIRX[SVOLEWWLS[RXLEXMQQYRI
HI½GMIRG]EPPS[WXLIIWXEFPMWLQIRXSJJYPP]MRJIGXMSYWZMVYWIW[LMGLYPXMQEXIP]GEYWI
GERGIVMRQMGI8LIWITEXLSKIRMGZMVYWIWEVIXLIVIWYPXSJVIGSQFMREXMSRFIX[IIR
)6:TVIGYVWSVW
*YPPKIRSQIWIUYIRGIGSQTEVMWSRFIX[IIRMRJIGXMSYWVIXVSZMVYWIWJSYRHMRMQQYRIHI½GMIRXQMGI
and their endogenous precursors.
Publications
(YPI]%/4PSUYMR1.=)OWQSRH9%QQERR'+1IWWIV6.
1]IVW0,EWIROVYK/.ERH/EWWMSXMW+
Negative impact of IFN-a on early host immune responses to
retroviral infection.
Journal of Immunology 189
=SYRK+6)OWQSRH97EPGIHS6%PI\STSYPSY07XS]I.4ERH
/EWWMSXMW+
Resurrection of endogenous retroviruses in antibodyHI½GMIRXQMGI
Nature 491
=SYRK+64PSUYMR1.)OWQSRH9;EH[E17XS]I.4ERH
/EWWMSXMW+
Negative selection by an endogenous retrovirus promotes a
higher-avidity CD4+ T cell response to retroviral infection.
PLoS Pathogens 8I
Numerous retroviral particles (pseudocoloured) in the extracellular spaces of a lymphoma resected
JVSQEP]QTLSG]XIHI½GMIRX6EK-/- mouse.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLI
FEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
43
Parasitology
Jean Langhorne
Immunity and immunopathogenesis in malaria infections
0EFQIQFIVW8LMFEYX&VYKEX(IMVHVI'YRRMRKLEQ;MPPMEQ.EVVE7EVEL/IPPIV1G0EYKLPMR:MGXSV/SYEWWM6EGLIP0E[VIRGI4VMWGE
0IZ];MIFOI2ELVIRHSVJ(EQMER4IVI^1E^PMEL7STLMI6SIX]RGO.ER7SHIROEQT4LMPMT7TIRGI-VIRI8YQ[MRI
;IWXYH]XLIMQQYRIVIWTSRWIXSXLIQEPEVMETEVEWMXIERH
XLIVSPIMXTPE]WMRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJWIZIVIQEPEVMEHMWIEWI
8LMWMRZSPZIWMHIRXM½GEXMSRSJXLIOI]GSQTSRIRXWSJMRREXI
ERHEHETXMZIMQQYRMX]XLEXGSRXVSPERHIPMQMREXITEVEWMXIW
ERHVIKYPEXIMQQYRSTEXLSPSK]%WIGSRHEWTIGXSJSYV[SVO
MWXSMHIRXMJ]TEVEWMXIQSPIGYPIWSRXLIWYVJEGISJXLIMRJIGXIH
IV]XLVSG]XIWXLEXQE]FIVIWTSRWMFPIJSVERXMKIRMGZEVMEXMSR
ERHJSVFMRHMRKSJXLITEVEWMXIXSLSWXIRHSXLIPMYQERHMRXLMW
[E]GSRXVMFYXIXSTEXLSPSK]
%FEPERGIFIX[IIRTVSERHERXMMR¾EQQEXSV]VIWTSRWIW
MWGVMXMGEPJSVGSRXVSPPMRKQEPEVMETEVEWMXIWERHLSWXWYVZMZEP
-0EOI]VIKYPEXSV]G]XSOMRITVSHYGIHF]QER]MQQYRI
GIPPWTVSXIGXWQMGIEKEMRWXTEXLSPSK]HYVMRKEGYXIPlasmodium
chabaudMQEPEVME;ILEZIWLS[RXLEX8GIPPHIVMZIH-0
MWRIGIWWEV]XSGSRXVSPQEPEVMETEXLSPSK]QMGIGEVV]MRK
EHIPIXMSRSJXLIIL10KIRIMR8GIPPWWLS[[IMKLXPSWW
L]TSXLIVQMEERHMRGVIEWIHQSVXEPMX]%PXLSYKL*S\T
VIKYPEXSV]'(8GIPPWTVSHYGI-0HYVMRKMRJIGXMSRLMKLP]
EGXMZEXIH-*2a8LGIPPWEVIXLIGVMXMGEPWSYVGISJTVSXIGXMZI
-08LIKIRIVEXMSRSJXLIWITVSXIGXMZI-08LGIPPWMW
HITIRHIRXSR-0
Publications
*VIMXEWHS6SWjVMS%4 0EQF8 7TIRGI4 7XITLIRW6 0ERK% 6SIVW% 1YPPIV; 3´+EVVE%ERH
0ERKLSVRI.
IL-27 promotes IL-10 production by effector Th1 CD4+ T cells: a critical mechanism for
protection from severe immunopathology during malaria infection.
1EWXIPMG& *VIMXEWHS6SWEVMS%4:IPHLSIR1 6IREYPH.' .EVVE; 7TSREEW%1 6SIX]RGO7
7XSGOMRKIV&ERH0ERKLSVRI.
IL-22 protects against liver pathology and lethality of an experimental blood-stage malaria
infection.
Frontiers in Immunology 3:85
7TIRGI4.ERH0ERKLSVRI.
T cell control of malaria pathogenesis.
Current Opinion in Immunology 24,
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSV
44
Immune Cell Biology
Steve Ley
Regulation of immune responses by NF-gB and MAP kinases
0EFQIQFIVW,EOIQ&IR%HHM'LES7LIRK'LIR8LSVWXIR+ERXOI)ZE+YIGOIP)QMPMI.EGUYI.YPME.ERÎR%KRIW1EQFSPI
3PMZME1MXGLIPP1EXSYPE4ETSYXWSTSYPSY
8LIMRREXIMQQYRIVIWTSRWISJQEQQEPWMWXLI½VWXPMRISJ
HIJIRGIXSMRJIGXMSRF]TEXLSKIRMGQMGVSSVKERMWQWWYGL
EWZMVYWIWFEGXIVMEJYRKMERHTEVEWMXIWERHMWXVMKKIVIHF]
TEXLSKIRMRXIVEGXMSR[MXLVIGITXSVWSRXLIWYVJEGIERHMR
XLIG]XSTPEWQSJRIYXVSTLMPWERHQEGVSTLEKIW8LMWMRHYGIW
XLITVSHYGXMSRSJTVSXIMRWGEPPIHGLIQSOMRIWERHG]XSOMRIW
[LMGLEXXVEGXSXLIVMQQYRIGIPPWXSXLIWMXISJMRJIGXMSR
XSWXMQYPEXIXLIEHETXMZIMQQYRIVIWTSRWI7YFWIUYIRXP]
MRZEHMRKTEXLSKIRWEVIIPMQMREXIHF]XLIVIWYPXMRKKIRIVEXMSR
SJERXMFSHMIWERHG]XSXS\MGGIPPW
;IWXYH]EWMKREPPMRKTEXL[E]VIKYPEXIHF]XLITVSXIMR
OMREWI840XLEXGSRXVSPWXLITVSHYGXMSRSJG]XSOMRIWF]
QEGVSTLEKIWMRMRREXIMQQYRIVIWTSRWIW3YVGYVVIRX
I\TIVMQIRXWEVIMRZIWXMKEXMRKXLIQIGLERMWQF][LMGL840
MWEGXMZEXIHERHIZEPYEXMRKXLITSXIRXMEPSJ840EWERERXM
MR¾EQQEXSV]HVYKXEVKIXMRQYPXMTPIWGPIVSWMW
Publications
+ERXOI87VMWOERXLEVENEL77EHS[WOM1ERH0I]7'
IgB kinase regulation of the TPL-2/ERK MAPK pathway.
Immunological Reviews 246
6SKIX/&IR%HHM%1EQFSPI(IQE%+ERXOI8=ERK,8
.ERÎR.1SVVMGI2%FFSXX(ERH0I]7'
IKK2 regulates TPL-2 activation of ERK-1/2 MAP kinases by
direct phosphorylation of TPL-2 serine 400.
Molecular and Cellular Biology 32
=ERK,84ETSYXWSTSYPSY7&IPMGL1&VIRHIV'.ERÎR.
+ERXOI8,ERHPI]1ERH0I]7'
Coordinate regulation of TPL-2 and NF-gB signaling in
macrophages by NF-gB1 p105.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EX
XLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
Regulation of TPL-2 by IgB kinase and NF-gB1 p105
In unstimulated cells, TPL-2 is held in an inactive state by its association with p105. Following infection,
TPL-2 and p105 are phosphorylated by IgB kinase inducing p105 degradation, releasing TPL-2 from
p105-mediated inhibition and inducing TPL-2 signalling activity.
45
Virology
John McCauley
,SWXWTIGM½GMX]SJMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIW
0EFQIQFIVW1MGLEIP&IRRIXX(SREPH&IRXSR7EMVE,YWWEMR7XIZI;LEVXSR
-R¾YIRÊ%ZMVYWIWMRJIGXEZEVMIX]SJWTIGMIW[MXLLYQERW
LSVWIWERHTMKWVITVIWIRXMRKXLIQEMRQEQQEPMERLSWXW
SJXLIZMVYWMR[LMGLMRJIGXMSRMWWYWXEMRIH%ZMERWTIGMIW
TEVXMGYPEVP][EXIVJS[PERHKYPPWLEVFSYVE[MHIZEVMIX]SJ
MR¾YIRÊ%ZMVYWIWHI½RIHF]XLIMVLEIQEKKPYXMRMR,ERH
RIYVEQMRMHEWI2KP]GSTVSXIMRWYFX]TIWMREZEVMIX]SJ,2
GSQFMREXMSRW2I[TERHIQMGWXVEMRWSJLYQERMR¾YIRÊZMVYW
EVMWIJVSQERERMQEPVIWIVZSMVIMXLIVHMVIGXP]EWJSVXLI
TERHIQMG%,2ZMVYWSVEWEVIWYPXSJKIRIVIEWWSVXQIRX
FIX[IIRELYQERERHERERMQEPMR¾YIRÊZMVYWEWMRXLI
ERHTERHIQMGW
;IEVIMRZIWXMKEXMRKXLIHIXIVQMRERXWSJLSWXVERKIVIWXVMGXMSR
SJEZMERERHW[MRIMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIWXLEXPMQMXXLIMVEFMPMX]XS
MRJIGXERHTVSTEKEXIMRLYQERGIPPW8LIMRXIVEGXMSRFIX[IIREZMVYWTEVXMGPIERHMXWVIGITXSVSRELSWXGIPPMWEOI]JIEXYVIXLEX
PMQMXWXLILSWXVERKISJMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIWFYXEHHMXMSREPJEGXSVWJSPPS[MRKIRXV]SJZMVYWMRXSXLIGIPPEPWSGSRXVSPXLISYXGSQISJ
MRJIGXMSR6IGIRXLYQER,2ZMVYWIWWLS[YRI\TIGXIHVIGITXSVFMRHMRKEGXMZMXMIW8LIGLEVEGXIVMWXMGWSJXLMWFMRHMRKEVIFIMRK
I\EQMRIHMRGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXLGSPPIEKYIWMRXLI(MZMWMSRWSJ4L]WMGEP&MSGLIQMWXV]ERH1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVIERH[MXL4VSJIWWSV
8IR*IM^M-QTIVMEP'SPPIKI0SRHSR
Publications
-UFEP1)WWIR7'<MES,&VSSOIW71&VS[R-,ERH
1G'EYPI].;
Selection of variant viruses during replication and
transmission of H7N1 viruses in chickens and turkeys.
Virology 433
8LqFEYH+'LEH®YJ.1SVIPPM1.1G'EYPI].;ERH,E]HSR
(8
The relationship between mutation frequency and replication
strategy in positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277
(A/Udorn/1/2012)
(A/Brisbane/10/2007)
*PYSVIWGIRGIHIXIGXMSRSJXLIMR¾YIRÊZMVYWLEIQEKKPYXMRMRSRZMVYWIWFYHHMRKJVSQGIPPW
MRJIGXIH[MXLEZMVYWXLEXJSVQWPSRK½PEQIRXW%9HSVRERHSRI[LMGLHSIWRSX%
Brisbane/10/2007).
46
-UFEP1<MES,&EMPPMI+;EVV]%)WWIR7'0SRHX&&VSSOIW
71&VS[R-,ERH1G'EYPI].;
;MXLMRLSWXZEVMEXMSRSJEZMERMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIW
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
364
Immunoregulation
Anne O’Garra FRS, AAAS Fellow, EMBO member, FMedSci
Regulation of the immune response in infectious disease
0EFQIQFIVW7MQSR&PEROPI]'LPSI&PSSQ(EQMER'EVVEKLIV0ISRE+EFV]WSZE'LVMWXMRI+VELEQ%WLPIMKL,S[IW*MRPE]
1G2EF.SREXLER4MXX/V^]W^XSJ4SXIQTE4EYP6IHJSVH*SXMRM6SÊOIEW:ERKIPMW7XEZVSTSYPSW4LMPMTTE7XMQTWSR'LEVPSXXI
;LMGLIV<YIQIM;Y
8LIMQQYRIW]WXIQMWIJJIGXMZIMRIVEHMGEXMRKTEXLSKIRWZMEQER]QIGLERMWQW
MRGPYHMRKWSPYFPIQIHMEXSVWGEPPIHG]XSOMRIW-QQYRIGIPPWGERTVSHYGIHMJJIVIRX
G]XSOMRIWXSGSRXVSPMRJIGXMSRFYXGEREPWSQIHMEXILSWXHEQEKIMJYRGSRXVSPPIH
;IEVIVIWIEVGLMRKXLIQSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWJSVXLIHIZIPSTQIRXERHJYRGXMSR
SJHMWGVIXIWYFWIXWSJMQQYRIGIPPWTVSHYGMRKHMJJIVIRXG]XSOMRIWTVSXIGXMZIEKEMRWX
TEXLSKIRWERHXLIMRHYGXMSRERHJYRGXMSRSJEVIKYPEXSV]G]XSOMRI-0TVSHYGIH
F]QER]GIPPX]TIW;I[MPPFYMPHSRSYVTEWXVIWYPXWYWMRKFMSGLIQMGEPQIXLSHW
ERHKIRSQI[MHILMKLXLVSYKLTYXETTVSEGLIWERHFMSMRJSVQEXMGWXSIPYGMHEXIXLI
QSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWJSVMRHYGXMSRSJ-0TVSHYGXMSRERHJYRGXMSRMRHMJJIVIRX
MQQYRIGIPPX]TIW
0IEHMRKSRJVSQSYV½RHMRKWMRLYQER8&[LIVI[IMHIRXM½IHEVSFYWXFPSSH
XVERWGVMTXMSREPMRXIVJIVSRMRHYGMFPIWMKREXYVI[IEVIEHZERGMRKSYVGPMRMGEPWXYHMIWXS
WXVIRKXLIRXLIHMEKRSWMWSJ8&ERHXLIQSRMXSVMRKSJHVYKXVIEXQIRX;ILEZIRS[
HIQSRWXVEXIHXLEXXLIFPSSHXVERWGVMTXMSREPWMKREXYVISJ8&MWWMKRM½GERXP]HMQMRMWLIH
F]X[S[IIOWEJXIVXVIEXQIRXSJJIVMRKKVIEXTSXIRXMEPXSQSRMXSVXLIIJ½GEG]SJ
GYVVIRXERHRI[HVYKW-REHHMXMSRFEWIHSRSYV½RHMRKWMRLYQER8&[IEVI
MRZIWXMKEXMRKXLI8]TI--*2WERH8]TI--*2MRHYGMFPIKIRIWYWMRKQSPIGYPEVQIXLSHW
ERHMQTVSZIHQSYWIQSHIPWSJ8&XSMHIRXMJ]MQQYRIQIGLERMWQWSJTVSXIGXMSR
SVTEXLSKIRIWMWMQTSVXERXJSVHMWIEWIGSRXVSPMRXYFIVGYPSWMWERHSXLIVFEGXIVMEP
MRJIGXMSRW
Publications
&PSSQ'-+VELEQ'1&IVV]146;MPOMRWSR/%3RM
86SÊOIEW*<Y>6SWWIPPS9VKIPP.'LEYWWEFIP(
&ERGLIVIEY.4EWGYEP:0MTQER1;MPOMRWSR6.ERH
3´+EVVE%
Detectable changes in the blood transcriptome are
present after two weeks of antituberculosis therapy.
PLOS ONE 7:e46191
&IVV]146+VELEQ'11G2EF*;<Y>&PSGL7%%
3RM8;MPOMRWSR/%&ERGLIVIEY67OMRRIV.;MPOMRWSR
6.5YMRR'&PEROIRWLMT((LE[ER6'YWL..1INMEW%
6EQMPS3/SR314EWGYEP:&ERGLIVIEY.'LEYWWEFIP(
ERH3´+EVVE%
An interferon-inducible neutrophil-driven blood
transcriptional signature in human tuberculosis.
Nature 466
7EVEMZE1ERH3´+EVVE%
The regulation of IL-10 production by immune cells.
Nature Reviews Immunology 10
7IIVIJIVIRGIW
47
Venizelos Papayannopoulos
Mechanisms of neutrophil-mediated immune defense
0EFQIQFIVW2SVE&VERÔ6]ER*MWLIV1EVMERRE-SERRSY.SEGLMQ/YVXL%RRMOE;EVREXWGL
1YPXMGIPPYPEVSVKERMWQWIZSPZIHWSTLMWXMGEXIHMQQYRIW]WXIQWXS
TVSXIGXXLIQWIPZIWEKEMRWXMRJIGXMSR2IYXVSTLMPWEVIEQSRKWXXLI
½VWXMQQYRIGIPPWXSFIVIGVYMXIHXSWMXIWSJMRJIGXMSRERHTPE]
GIRXVEPQMGVSFMGMHEPERHVIKYPEXSV]VSPIWHYVMRKMRJIGXMSR8LI]IRKYPJ
ERHOMPPQMGVSFIWMRXVEGIPPYPEVP]ERHVIPIEWIERXMQMGVSFMEPJEGXSVWXLEX
GSQFEXTEXLSKIRWI\XVEGIPPYPEVP]XLVSYKLHIKVERYPEXMSRERHXLI
VIPIEWISJRIYXVSTLMPI\XVEGIPPYPEVXVETW2)8W2)8WEVI[IFPMOI
WXVYGXYVIWGSQTSWIHSJHIGSRHIRWIHGLVSQEXMRERHERXMQMGVSFMEP
TVSXIMRWXLEXXVETERHOMPPFEGXIVMEJYRKMZMVYWIWERHTEVEWMXIW;LMPI
MQTSVXERXJSVMQQYRIHIJIRWI2)8SZIVEFYRHERGILEWFIIR
MQTPMGEXIHMRMR¾EQQEXSV]ERHEYXSMQQYRIHMWIEWI;IEVIXV]MRK
XSYRHIVWXERHLS[RIYXVSTLMPWVIKYPEXI2)8VIPIEWIERHLS[2)8W
EJJIGXMQQYRIHIJIRGIMR¾EQQEXMSRERHHMWIEWI
2IYXVSTLMPWVIPIEWI2)8WXLVSYKLERSZIPGIPPHIEXLQIGLERMWQ
MRZSPZMRKWSQIJEWGMREXMRKGIPPFMSPSK]XLIRYGPIEVIRZIPSTI
HMWEWWIQFPIWERHXLIGLVSQEXMRHIGSRHIRWIWQM\MRK[MXLRIYXVSTLMPERXMQMGVSFMEPJEGXSVW[LMPIXLIGIPPVIQEMRWMRXEGX%XXLI
QSPIGYPEVPIZIPVIEGXMZIS\]KIRWTIGMIWXVMKKIVXLIWIPIGXMZIXVERWPSGEXMSRSJERIYXVSTLMPWTIGM½GTVSXIEWIRIYXVSTLMPIPEWXEWI
XSXLIRYGPIYW[LIVILMWXSRIWEVITEVXMEPP]GPIEZIHXSTVSQSXIGLVSQEXMRHIGSRHIRWEXMSR;IEVIWXYH]MRKXLIQIGLERMWQ
SJRIYXVSTLMPIPEWXEWIXVERWPSGEXMSRERH[IEVITEVXMGYPEVP]MRXIVIWXIHMRLS[VIEGXMZIS\]KIRWTIGMIWERHSXLIVTEXL[E]WEVI
VIKYPEXMRKXLMWTVSGIWW;IEVIEPWSXV]MRKXSYRHIVWXERHXLIREXYVISJXLIYTWXVIEQWMKREPWKSZIVRMRKRIYXVSTLMPEGXMZEXMSRERH
XLIMRXIVTPE][MXLSXLIVMQQYRIGIPPWHYVMRKMRJIGXMSRERHXLIVIWSPYXMSRSJMR¾EQQEXMSR
Publications
1IX^PIV/(*YGLW8%2EYWIIJ;16IYQEY\(6SIWPIV
.7GLYPÎ-;ELR:4ETE]ERRSTSYPSW:ERH>]GLPMRWO]
%
Myeloperoxidase is required for neutrophil extracellular
trap formation: implications for innate immunity.
Blood 117
4ETE]ERRSTSYPSW:7XEEF(ERH>]GLPMRWO]%
Neutrophil elastase enhances sputum solubilization in
G]WXMG½FVSWMWTEXMIRXWVIGIMZMRK(2EWIXLIVET]
PLOS ONE 6I
4ETE]ERRSTSYPSW:1IX^PIV/(,EOOMQ%ERH>]GLPMRWO]
%
Neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase regulate the
formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
Journal of Cell Biology 191
Klebsiella pneumoniae trapped by NETs in the lung
of an infected mouse.
48
Neutrophils undergoing NET formation in
response to Candida albicans. Neutrophil elastase
(red) and myeloperoxidase (green) binding to
decondensed chromatin (blue) prior to NET
release.
Immune Cell Biology
Benedict Seddon
Regulation of T cell homeostasis by antigen receptor signals and cytokines
0EFQIQFIVW8LIE,SKER(ERMIP1EVWLEPP-RE7GLMQZERHIV0SIJJ%RE7MPZE'LEVPIW7MRGPEMV7MQ8YRK0SYMWI;IFF.MI=ERK
8P]QTLSG]XIWEVIMQQYRIGIPPWXLEXTPE]EGIRXVEPVSPIMRVIKYPEXMRKMQQYRI
VIWTSRWIW8LIVIEVIWIZIVEP8GIPPX]TIWEPP[MXLHMJJIVIRXJYRGXMSRWWSLEZMRKXLIVMKLX
RYQFIVERHGSQTSWMXMSRSJXLIWIGIPPWMWIWWIRXMEPJSVERSVQEPMQQYRMX]XSMRJIGXMSR
8LIQEMRXIRERGISJ8GIPPWMWWXVMGXP]GSRXVSPPIHF]QIGLERMWQWVIKYPEXMRKGIPPWYVZMZEP
ERHTVSPMJIVEXMSR'IPPYPEVWMKREPWXVERWHYGIHF]XLI8GIPPERXMKIRVIGITXSV8'6ERH
JVSQG]XSOMRIWWYGLEW-0TPE]EGIRXVEPVSPIMRVIKYPEXMRKWYVZMZEPERHTVSPMJIVEXMSR
SJ8GIPPW
0]QTLSTIRMEMRHYGIW8GIPPWXSYRHIVKSGIPPHMZMWMSREWTEVXSJELSQISWXEXMG
VIWTSRWIQIGLERMWQ8LIGPSREPVIWTSRWIXSP]QTLSTIRMEMWI\XVIQIP]HMZIVWI
ERHMXMWYRORS[R[LIXLIVXLMWLIXIVSKIRIMX]VITVIWIRXWHMWXMRGXQIGLERMWQWSJ
GIPPG]GPIGSRXVSPSV[LIXLIVEGSQQSRQIGLERMWQGEREGGSYRXJSVXLIHMZIVWMX]
;IEHHVIWWIHXLMWUYIWXMSRF]GSQFMRMRKin vivoERHQEXLIQEXMGEPQSHIPPMRKSJ
P]QTLSTIRMEMRHYGIHTVSPMJIVEXMSR7MKRM½GERXP]XLIQSHIP[EWWYGGIWWJYPMRTVIHMGXMRK
MRXIVGPSREPGSQTIXMXMSRFIX[IIR8GIPPWGSRWMWXIRX[MXLGSQTIXMXMSRJSVEGSQQSR
VIWSYVGIVIUYMVIHJSVLSQISWXEXMGTVSPMJIVEXMSR3YVVIWYPXWWLS[XLEXHMZIVWIERH
LIXIVSKIRISYWGPSREP8GIPPVIWTSRWIWGERFIEGGSYRXIHJSVF]EWMRKPIGSQQSR
QSHIPSJLSQISWXEWMW
A single stochastic divisions (SSD) model of cell cycle control in T cells.
Lymphopenia induces T cells to undergo single divisions in a stochastic manner.
Publications
,SKER87LYZEIZ%'SQQIRKIW(=EXIW%'EPPEVH68LMIFEYX67IHHSR&
Clonally diverse T cell homeostasis is maintained by a common program of cell-cycle control.
Journal of Immunology 190: 7MRGPEMV'7EMRM1ZERHIV0SIJJ-77EOEKYGLM7ERH7IHHSR&
The long-term survival potential of mature T lymphocytes is programmed during development in
the thymus.
Science Signaling 4VE
=EXIW%7EMRM11EXLMSX%ERH7IHHSR&
Mathematical modeling reveals the biological program regulating lymphopenia-induced
proliferation.
Modelled (A) and observed (B) population growth for two
T cell clones (OT-I and F5) when they are proliferating either
separately (solid lines) or together (dashed lines).
49
Gitta Stockinger EMBO member, FMedSci
Development, maintenance and regulation of peripheral T cell compartments and immune
responses
0EFQIQFIVW,IPIRE%LPJSVW.YHMX&MVS4ESPE(M1IKPMS.SES(YEVXI1ERSPMW+MEPMXEOMW/IMNM,MVSXE=MRK0M,IMOI1YIPPIV1EXXIS:MPPE
3YVJSGYWMWSRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXERHJYRGXMSRSJMRREXI
ERHEHETXMZIG]XSOMRITVSHYGMRK8GIPPWERHMRREXI
P]QTLSMHGIPPW8LGIPPWERH-0TVSHYGMRK-0'
ERHQSHYPEXMSRSJIJJIGXSVJYRGXMSRWF]I\SKIRSYW
ERHIRHSKIRSYWIRZMVSRQIRXEPJEGXSVW8LGIPPWEVI
MQTSVXERXJSVLSWXHIJIRGIEKEMRWXJYRKEPTEXLSKIRWERH
EVIGEYWEPP]MRZSPZIHMREYXSMQQYRIHMWIEWIW[LIVIEW
-0'TPE]MQTSVXERXVSPIWMRPYRKMR¾EQQEXMSR
;IHIZIPSTIHJEXIVITSVXIVQSHIPWJSVXLIG]XSOMRIW
-0ERH-0XSWXYH]HIZIPSTQIRXSJG]XSOMRI
TVSHYGMRKGIPPWERHXLIMVFILEZMSVHYVMRKMRJIGXMSRin vivo
Fate reporters make detection independent of current
G]XSOMRITVSHYGXMSRERHVIZIEPI\XIRWMZITPEWXMGMX]MR
XLIMQQYRIW]WXIQ*YVXLIVQSVIMRXLIGSRXI\XSJ
ER)6'JYRHIHTVSKVEQ[IWXYH]XLIVSPISJXLIEV]P
L]HVSGEVFSRVIGITXSV%L6MRXLIMQQYRIW]WXIQXV]MRK
XSYRVEZIPMXWMQTEGXSRXLIJYRGXMSRSJHMJJIVIRXMQQYRI
GIPPWMRXLIHIJIRGIEKEMRWXTEXLSKIRWERHMRMR¾EQQEXSV]
HMWIEWIWWYGLEWTWSVMEWMWXLEXEVIMR¾YIRGIHF]KIRIXMGEW
[IPPEWIRZMVSRQIRXEPJEGXSVW
Publications
,MVSXE/(YEVXI.,:IPHLSIR1,SVRWF])0M='YE(.
%LPJSVW,;MPLIPQ'8SPEMRM11IRÎP9+EVIJEPEOM%
4SXSGRMO%.ERH7XSGOMRKIV&
*EXIQETTMRKSJ-0TVSHYGMRK8GIPPWMRMR¾EQQEXSV]
responses.
Nature Immunology 12
;MPLIPQ',MVSXE/7XMIKPMX^&:ER7RMGO.8SPEMRM10ELP/
7TEV[EWWIV8,IPQF],ERH7XSGOMRKIV&
An IL-9 fate reporter demonstrates the induction of an
MRREXI-0VIWTSRWIMRPYRKMR¾EQQEXMSR
:IPHLSIR1,MVSXE/;IWXIRHSVJ%1&YIV.(YQSYXMIV0
6IREYPH.'ERH7XSGOMRKIV&
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor links TH17-cell-mediated
autoimmunity to environmental toxins.
Nature 453
50
-15XVIEXIH%L6HI½GMIRX
mice develop heightened
psoriasis-like skin
MR¾EQQEXMSR
A) Histological skin
sections of AhR +/- and Ahr
-/- B6 mice treated with
imiquimod (IMQ) for 5 days.
&5YERXM½GEXMSRSJ
epidermal and scale (Stratum
Corneum) thickness during
IMQ treatment.
Virology
Jonathan Stoye
Retrovirus-host interactions
0EFQIQFIVW7EQ*VEWIV;MPWSR0M7EHE]YOM3OYVE1EVXLE7ER^6EQSW4EYPE3VHSRI^7YEVI^1IPZ]R=ET+ISVKI=SYRK
'SQTEVEXMZIKIRSQIEREP]WMWWYKKIWXWXLEXZIVXIFVEXIWERH
VIXVSZMVYWIWLEZIFIIRMRGSR¾MGXJSVXIRWSJQMPPMSRWSJ]IEVW-X
MWXLYWYRWYVTVMWMRKXLEXEHIKVIISJGSIZSPYXMSRLEWXEOIRTPEGI
VIWYPXMRKMRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJWTIGM½GHIJIRGIQIGLERMWQW
by the host and of means to overcome such defences by the
ZMVYW9RHIVWXERHMRKWYGLREXYVEPERXMZMVEPKIRIWQMKLXWYKKIWX
RSZIPQIERWSJGSQFEXMRKVIXVSZMVEPMRJIGXMSR;IERXMGMTEXIXLEX
XLIWIWXYHMIW[MPPWLIHRI[PMKLXSRXLIIEVP]WXEKIWSJVIXVSZMVYW
VITPMGEXMSRERHXLIGSRXVSPSJGVSWWWTIGMIWMRJIGXMSR
6IWXVMGXMSRJEGXSVWJVSQHMJJIVIRXWTIGMIWEVIGETEFPISJVIGSKRMWMRK
HMJJIVIRXVIXVSZMVYWIWMREWTIGM½GQERRIVETTEVIRXP]MRZSPZMRK
QYPXMTPIPS[EJ½RMX]MRXIVEGXMSRW,S[IZIVJEGXSVWGSRXVSPPMRK
WTIGM½GMX]EVITSSVP]YRHIVWXSSH;IEVIYWMRKEGSQFMREXMSRSJ
WXVYGXYVEPKIRIXMGERHFMSGLIQMGEPETTVSEGLIWMRSYVEXXIQTXWXS
YRHIVWXERHXLITVSGIWWSJZMVYWVIGSKRMXMSRF]JEGXSVWWYGLEW*Z
and Trim5_6IGIRXTVSKVIWWMRGPYHIWXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJERin vitro
FMRHMRKEWWE]YWMRKTSP]QIVMWIHGETWMHERHXLIHIQSRWXVEXMSRXLEX
EPPXLII\TSWIHWYVJEGISJXLIZMVEPGSVIGSRXVMFYXIWXSXLIFMRHMRK
VIEGXMSR
Publications
7XS]I.4
Studies of endogenous retroviruses reveal a continuing
evolutionary saga.
Nature Reviews Microbiology 10
,MPHMXGL01EXEHIIR6+SPHWXSRI('6SWIRXLEP4&8E]PSV
-%ERH7XS]I.4
Ordered assembly of murine leukemia virus capsid protein
SRPMTMHRERSXYFIWHMVIGXWWTIGM½GFMRHMRKF]XLIVIWXVMGXMSR
factor, Fv1.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
States of America 108¯
3LOYVE7+SPHWXSRI('=ET1;,SPHIR(]I/8E]PSV-%
ERH7XS]I.4
Novel escape mutants suggest an extensive TRIM5_
binding site spanning the entire outer surface of the murine
leukemia virus capsid protein.
PLoS Pathogens 7I
The retroviral core comprises hexameric arrays of capsid proteins.
7IPIGXMSRSJIWGETIQYXERXWJVSQVIWXVMGXMSREPPS[WXLIMHIRXM½GEXMSR
of amino acids (red, acidic; green, basic) involved in virus recognition.
51
Immune Cell Biology
Pavel Tolar
Activation of immune receptors
0EFQIQFIVW%RXSRMS'EWEP6SFIVX,SSKIFSSQ.EWSR0II)PMÊFIXL2EXOERWOM'EVPE2S[SWEH&LEOXM1MWXV]
%RXMFSHMIWEVIGVMXMGEPJSVLYQERMQQYRMX]ERHXLIMV
MRHYGXMSRLEWFIIRMRWXVYQIRXEPJSVXLIWYGGIWWSJQER]
ZEGGMRIW,S[IZIVWSQISJXLIQSWXHERKIVSYWTEXLSKIRW
SJXSHE]´W[SVPHWYGLEW,-:MR¾YIRÊSVQEPEVMEIZEHI
ERXMFSH]VIWTSRWIWFSXLREXYVEPERHZEGGMRIMRHYGIH%
FIXXIVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLIQIGLERMWQWF][LMGLXLIWI
TEXLSKIRWXVMKKIVERXMFSH]VIWTSRWIW[MPPFIRIGIWWEV]JSVXLI
HIZIPSTQIRXSJQSVIIJJIGXMZIZEGGMRIW
;IEVIMRXIVIWXIHMREGXMZEXMSRSJ&GIPPWXLEXHIXIGXTEXLSKIRW
F]XLIMV&GIPPERXMKIRVIGITXSV&'6;IEVIGLEVEGXIVMWMRKXLI
WXVYGXYVISJXLMWVIGITXSVXSKEMRMRWMKLXWMRXSXLIQIGLERMWQW
F][LMGLERXMKIRFMRHMRKEGXMZEXIW&GIPPWMKREPPMRK;IEVI
EPWSHIZIPSTMRKRI[XIGLRMUYIWXSMQEKIPMZI&GIPPWEWXLI]
VIGSKRMWIERXMKIRSRERXMKIRTVIWIRXMRKGIPPW8LIWIWXYHMIWJSGYW
SRQIEWYVIQIRXWSJERXMKIRFMRHMRKMRMQQYRIW]RETWIWXLI
SVKERMWEXMSRSJWMKREPPMRKGSQTPI\IWMRXLITPEWQEQIQFVERI
ERHKIRIVEXMSRSJJSVGIWF][LMGL&GIPPWI\XVEGXERXMKIRJVSQ
ERXMKIRTVIWIRXMRKGIPPW
Internalisation of a single antigen cluster (red)
from presenting membranes is mediated by B
cell’s invagination of the membranes (green).
Publications
8SPEV4
Inside the microcluster: antigen receptor signalling viewed with molecular imaging tools.
Immunology 133
8SPEV4ERH4MIVGI7/
A conformation-induced oligomerization model for B cell receptor microclustering and
signaling.
Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 340
8SPEV4,ERRE./VYIKIV4(ERH4MIVGI7/
The constant region of the membrane immunoglobulin mediates B cell-receptor clustering
and signaling in response to membrane antigens.
Immunity 30
52
%&GIPPFPYII\XVEGXMRKERXMKIRKVIIRJVSQTYVM½IHTPEWQEQIQFVERIW
(top), but not from a control membrane (bottom). Membranes were labelled
with DiI (red).
Immune Cell Biology
Victor Tybulewicz EMBO member, FMedSci
Signal transduction in B and T cells
0EFQIQFIVW(SVSXE%FYGI[MG^.SGLIR%GOIVQERR8MEKS&VEÊS2EXEPME(MRMWGLMSXY/EXLV]R*SYRXEMR,EVEPH,EVX[IKIVRob
IVX/}GLP)ZE0ERE)PSPE/EVIR1G+II)HMRE7GL[IMKLSJJIV%Q]7PIRHIV0IWPI]:ERIW7LISRE;EXWSR7GEPIW
&ERH8P]QTLSG]XIWEVI[LMXIFPSSHGIPPWXLEXEVIGVMXMGEPQIHMEXSVWSJXLIMQQYRI
VIWTSRWIEKEMRWXEZEVMIX]SJTEXLSKIRW-RETTVSTVMEXIEGXMZEXMSRSJXLIWIGIPPWGER
VIWYPXMREYXSMQQYRIHMWIEWIWWYGLEWVLIYQEXSMHEVXLVMXMW;IEVIMRXIVIWXIHMR
YRHIVWXERHMRKXLIFMSGLIQMGEPWMKREPPMRKTEXL[E]W[MXLMRP]QTLSG]XIWXLEXGSRXVSP
XLIEGXMZEXMSRWYVZMZEPERHQMKVEXMSRSJXLIGIPPWERH[IWXYH]XLMWYWMRKKIRIXMG
FMSGLIQMGEPERHGIPPFMSPSKMGEPETTVSEGLIW6IGIRXP][ILEZIWLS[RXLEXXLI7]O
X]VSWMRIOMREWIMWGVMXMGEPJSV&GIPPLSQISWXEWMWXVERWHYGMRKWMKREPWJVSQFSXLXLI
&%**VIGITXSVERH&GIPPERXMKIRVIGITXSV
Mouse models of Down syndrome
8VMWSQ]SJLYQERGLVSQSWSQI,WESGGYVWMREVSYRHMRPMZIFMVXLW
ERHXLIVIWYPXMRKKIRIHSWEKIMQFEPERGIKMZIWVMWIXS(S[RW]RHVSQIXLIQSWX
GSQQSRJSVQSJQIRXEPVIXEVHEXMSR-RGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL4VSJ)*MWLIV9'0[I
EVIMRXIVIWXIHMRMHIRXMJ]MRKKIRIWSRXLMWGLVSQSWSQI[LMGL[LIRTVIWIRXMRXLVII
GSTMIWGEYWIXLIQER]HMJJIVIRXTLIRSX]TIWSJ(S[RW]RHVSQI;ILEZIGVIEXIH
ERSZIPQSYWIWXVEMRGEVV]MRKEJVIIP]WIKVIKEXMRKGST]SJ,WE[LMGLHMWTPE]W
QER]SJXLIJIEXYVIWSJ(S[RW]RHVSQIMRGPYHMRKPIEVRMRKHMJ½GYPXMIWERHGEVHMEG
EFRSVQEPMXMIW;IEVIQETTMRKXLIPSGEXMSRSJHSWEKIWIRWMXMZIKIRIWXLEXGEYWI
(S[RW]RHVSQITLIRSX]TIWYWMRKGLVSQSWSQIIRKMRIIVMRKXIGLRMUYIW
Signals from the BAFF receptor
(BAFFR)
controlling
B
cell
homeostasis are transduced via the
B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and
the Syk tyrosine kinase.
Publications
7GL[IMKLSJJIV):ERIW02]W.'ERXVIPP(1G0IEV]77QMXLIVW2ERH8]FYPI[MG^:0.
The B cell antigen receptor transduces signals from the BAFF receptor required for cell survival.
Immunity, 38
/WMSRHE37EZIPMIZ%/SGLP66ETPI].*EVSYHM17QMXL+EVZMR.);YP½RK'6MXXMRKIV/'EVXIV8ERH
8]FYPI[MG^:0.
Mechanism and function of Vav1 localization in TCR signaling.
Journal of Cell Science 125
6I]RSPHW0);EXWSR%6&EOIV1.SRIW8%(´%QMGS+6SFMRWSR7(.SJJVI'+EVVMHS9VFERM76SHVMKYI^
1ERÊRIUYI.'1EVXMRS)GLEVVM)%YVVERH0MSRW17LIIV((EKRE&VMGEVIPPM*2MÎXMG(1G'EFI'.8YVRIPP
%7/IVQSVKERX7-QLSJ&%%HEQW6*MWLIV)1'8]FYPI[MG^:0.,EVX-6ERH,SHMZEPE(MPOI/1
Tumour angiogenesis is reduced in the Tc1 mouse model of Down’s syndrome.
Nature 465
Chromosome engineering to create duplications and deletions
of megabase regions of mouse chromosomes to model Down
syndrome.
KVSYTMR
53
Immunoregulation
Andreas Wack
-QQYRIVIWTSRWIXSMR¾YIRÊ
0EFQIQFIVW7XIJERME'VSXXE7STLME(EZMHWSR+VIKSV])PPMW%RRMXE+NSOE8IVIWE1G'EFI
7IEWSREPMR¾YIRÊVITVIWIRXWEGSRWXERXFYVHIRXSTYFPMGLIEPXLERH
MR¾YIRÊTERHIQMGWHYIXSRI[ZMVYWWXVEMRWTSWIEWIVMSYWKPSFEPXLVIEX
8LIMR¾YIRÊZMVYWGEYWIWHEQEKIXSXLIMRJIGXIHPYRKXMWWYIERHMRHYGIW
ERMQQYRIVIWTSRWIXLEXMWRIGIWWEV]XSIPMQMREXIXLIZMVYWFYXEXXLI
WEQIXMQIGSRXVMFYXIWXSPYRKTEXLSPSK]-R¾YIRÊMRJIGXMSREPWSMRGVIEWIW
HVEQEXMGEPP]XLIWYWGITXMFMPMX]XSFEGXIVMEPGSMRJIGXMSRW&SXLMRWMRKPI
MRJIGXMSRWERHGSMRJIGXMSRWMXMWYRGPIEV[LMGLLSWXERHZMVEPJEGXSVWXMTXLI
FEPERGIFIX[IIRTEXLSPSK]ERHWYGGIWWJYPTEXLSKIRGPIEVERGI%FIXXIV
ORS[PIHKISJXLIWITVSGIWWIW[SYPHEPPS[MRXIVZIRXMSRXSIRLERGI
EXXIRYEXISVJSGYWXLIMQQYRIVIWTSRWIXSMRJIGXMSR
3YV[SVOEMQWXSMHIRXMJ]HIXIVQMRERXWSJHMWIEWISYXGSQI;IJSGYW
SRIEVP]IZIRXWEJXIVMRJIGXMSRMRTEVXMGYPEVSRXLIMRXIVJEGIFIX[IIR
MRJIGXIHITMXLIPMYQERHXLIMRREXIMQQYRIW]WXIQ;IYWITVMQEV]
EMV[E]ITMXLIPMEPGIPPWXSHIXIVQMRI[LMGLVIGSKRMXMSRW]WXIQWHIXIGX
ZMVEPMRJIGXMSRERHLS[MRXIVJIVSRHVMZIRJIIHFEGOW]WXIQWEGXMR
MRJIGXIHITMXLIPME,SWXHITIRHIRXHMJJIVIRGIWMRXLIMRXIVJIVSRVIWTSRWI
XSMR¾YIRÊERHXLIMVMQTEGXSRXLISYXGSQISJMRJIGXMSREVIEPWS
WXYHMIH*YVXLIVQSVI[IMRZIWXMKEXIXLIVSPIWSJREXYVEPOMPPIVGIPPWERH
KVERYPSG]XIWMRMR¾YIRÊMRJIGXMSRERHGSMRJIGXMSR8LIWIWXYHMIWEPPS[
YWXSPMROIEVP]IZIRXWMRMRJIGXMSRXSWYFWIUYIRXMQQYRIQIHMEXIH
TEXLSPSK]SVTVSXIGXMSR
Publications
'EPEFVS78SVXSPM1&EYHRIV&'4EGMXXS%'SVXIWI1
3´,EKER(8(I+VIKSVMS)7IYFIVX%ERH;EGO%
Vaccine adjuvants alum and MF59 induce rapid recruitment
of neutrophils and monocytes that participate in antigen
transport to draining lymph nodes.
Vaccine 29
7IYFIVX%'EPEFVS77ERXMRM0+EPPM&+IRSZIWI%:EPIRXMRM
7%TVIE7'SPETVMGS%(´3VS9+MYPMERM114EPPESVS1
4M^Ê13´,EKER(8;EGO%6ETTYSPM6ERH(I+VIKSVMS
)
Adjuvanticity of the oil-in-water emulsion MF59 is
MRHITIRHIRXSJ2PVTMR¾EQQEWSQIFYXVIUYMVIWXLI
adaptor protein MyD88.
States of America 108
;EGO%3TIRWLE[4ERH3´+EVVE%
Contribution of cytokines to pathology and protection in
virus infection.
Current Opinion in Virology 1
8LIXVERWGVMTXMSREPVIWTSRWISJQSYWITVMQEV]EMV[E]ITMXLIPMEXSMR¾YIRÊZMVYW
infection over time. We currently dissect the upstream events leading to this
reproducible sequence of clusters of induced and suppressed genes.
54
Robert Wilkinson FRCP
Understanding and intervening in HIV-associated tuberculosis
0EFQIQFIVW%RRE'SYWWIRW6EGLIP0EM%HVMER1EVXMRIEY/EXEPMR;MPOMRWSR
8LITVSKVEQQIHIVMZIWMXWVIWIEVGLUYIWXMSRWJVSQXLIGPMRMGEPGEVISJXYFIVGYPSWMW
8&ERH,-:8&GSMRJIGXIHTIVWSRWMR7SYXL%JVMGEERH0SRHSR8LVSYKLGPMRMGEPP]
FEWIHWXYHMIW[IEMQXSMQTVSZIORS[PIHKISJTEXLSKIRIWMWERHXLIVIF]MQTVSZI
TVIZIRXMSRERHXVIEXQIRX
;IGSRXVMFYXIHXSXLIHIWGVMTXMSRSJEHMWXMRGXXVERWGVMTXSQMGWMKREXYVISJEGXMZI8&
ERHEVIGSRHYGXMRKJYVXLIVWXYHMIWI\XIRHMRKXSXLIWXYH]SJXYFIVGYPSWMWXVIEXQIRX
QSRMXSVMRK;ILEZIHIXIVQMRIHXLEXZMXEQMR(HI½GMIRG]MWLMKLP]TVIZEPIRXMR
'ETI8S[REWWSGMEXMRK[MXLWYWGITXMFMPMX]XSXYFIVGYPSWMWFSXLMRFSXL,-:MRJIGXIH
ERHYRMRJIGXIHTIVWSRW;LIRYWIHEWEREHNYRGXXSXLIXVIEXQIRXSJXYFIVGYPSWMW
ZMXEQMR(WYTTVIWWIWTVSMR¾EQQEXSV]G]XSOMRIVIWTSRWIWERHEXXIRYEXIWXLI
WYTTVIWWMZIIJJIGXSJERXMQMGVSFMEPXLIVET]SRWIGVIXMSRSJ-0''0ERH-*2_
8LMWHIQSRWXVEXIWETVIZMSYWP]YRETTVIGMEXIHVSPIJSVZMXEQMR(WYTTPIQIRXEXMSRMR
EGGIPIVEXMRKVIWSPYXMSRSJMR¾EQQEXSV]VIWTSRWIW
Publications
Fluorescence microscopy of MTB-HIV co-infected macrophages stained for polycaspase activity (green punctate and circular staining) a cellular nuclei (blue). The caspase
stain also stains the outer cell wall of MTB and these can be seen as small green rods.
Untreated cells (A) have a lot less punctate circular green staining and a lot more MTB
compared to cells treated with 100nM 25-hydroxy vitamin D suggesting it induces
apoptosis and inhibits MTB growth.
'SYWWIRW%/;MPOMRWSR6.,ERMJE=2MOSPE]IZWO]]:)POMRKXSR
48-WPEQ/8MQQW41:IRXSR86&SXLEQPI]+,4EGOI+)
(EVQEPMRKEQ1(EZMHWSR621MPFYVR,.&EOIV0:&EVOIV6(
1IMR'%&LE[6SWYR02YEQEL6=SYRK(&(VSFRMI[WOM
*%+VMJ½XLW'.ERH1EVXMRIEY%6
:MXEQMR(EGGIPIVEXIWVIWSPYXMSRSJMR¾EQQEXSV]VIWTSRWIW
during tuberculosis treatment.
1EVXMRIEY%62LEQS]IFSRHI73RM86ERKEOE1<1EVEMW7
&ERKERM28WIOIPE6&EWLI0HI%ÎZIHS:'EPH[IPP.:IRXSR
868MQQW41;MPOMRWSR/%ERH;MPOMRWSR6.
Reciprocal seasonal variation in vitamin D status and
XYFIVGYPSWMWRSXM½GEXMSRWMR'ETI8S[R7SYXL%JVMGE
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1058
&IVV]146+VELEQ'11G2EF*;<Y>&PSGL7%%3RM8
;MPOMRWSR/%&ERGLIVIEY67OMRRIV.;MPOMRWSR6.5YMRR'
&PEROIRWLMT((LE[ER6'YWL..1INMEW%6EQMPS3/SR31
4EWGYEP:&ERGLIVIEY.'LEYWWEFIP(ERH3´+EVVE%
An interferon-inducible neutrophil-driven blood
transcriptional signature in human tuberculosis.
Nature 466
Three dimensional network principal component analysis (PCA) plot showing the effect
of intensive-phase antituberculous therapy on the circulating immune response in patients
with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Individual points represent a single analyte.
Lines link analytes to the analyte which has the most similar pattern of change during the
course of treatment. Analytes are colored by R2-statistic: blue represents a decrease, and
yellow an increase, with time of treatment.
7IIVIJIVIRGIW
ERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRW
JVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
55
Mark Wilson
6IKYPEXMSRSJ8LGIPPWHYVMRKEPPIVKMGMR¾EQQEXMSRERHERXMLIPQMRXLMQQYRMX]
0EFQIQFIVW7XITLERMI'SSQIW7XITLERMI'^MIWS=EWLEW[MRM/ERRER-WSFIP3OS]I:MGXSVME4IPP]
%UYEVXIVSJXLIKPSFEPTSTYPEXMSRMWMRJIGXIH[MXLSRISJJSYVTEVEWMXMG
LIPQMRXLWQEOMRKXLIQXLIQSWXGSQQSRMRJIGXMSYWTEXLSKIR-QQYRMX]
XSLIPQMRXLWVIUYMVIWE[IPPSVGLIWXVEXIHMQQYRIVIWTSRWIXSEGXMZEXI
MRREXIMQQYRIGIPPWERHWXMQYPEXIXMWWYIVIWTSRWIW'(8LIPTIV
8LP]QTLSG]XIWGSSVHMREXIXLII\TYPWMSRQIGLERMWQTPEGMRK
8LGIPPWJVSRXERHGIRXVISJERXMLIPQMRXLMQQYRMX]%PPIVKMGHMWIEWIW
LEZIEPWSMRGVIEWIHHVEQEXMGEPP][MXLXLIYR[EVVERXIHHIZIPSTQIRX
SJEPPIVKIRVIEGXMZI8LGIPPWVIWTSRWMFPIJSVQER]SJXLITEXLSPSKMIW
MRGPYHMRKEWXLQE;IEMQXSMHIRXMJ]XLIQIGLERMWQYRHIVP]MRK8LGIPP
HMJJIVIRXMEXMSRVIKYPEXMSRERHIJJIGXSVJYRGXMSRXSIRLERGIERXMLIPQMRXL
MQQYRMX]SVTVIZIRXEPPIVKMIW
9WMRKLIPQMRXLMRJIGXMSRERHEPPIVK]QSHIPWGSQFMRIH[MXLRI\X
KIRIVEXMSRWIUYIRGMRKERHKIRIQERMTYPEXMSRXIGLRSPSKMIW[ILEZI
MHIRXM½IHQSPIGYPEVTEXL[E]WVIWTSRWMFPIJSV8LGIPPHIZIPSTQIRXERH
IJJIGXSVJYRGXMSR+IRIERH62%QERMTYPEXMSRXIGLRMUYIWLEZIMHIRXM½IH
ERIX[SVOSJQM62%WERHEOMREWIHITIRHIRXGEWGEHI[LMGLVIKYPEXI
8LJYRGXMSRERHX]TIMQQYRMX] De novoMQQYRIVIWTSRWIWHIZIPST
EPSRKWMHISRKSMRKMQQYRIVIWTSRWIW-RGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL2-16
MRZIWXMKEXSVW[ILEZIMHIRXM½IHXLEX8LGIPPWGSRXVMFYXIXSWIGSRHEV]
MQQYRMX]XLVSYKLVITVSKVEQQMRKQIGLERMWQW;IEVIEPWSMRZIWXMKEXMRK
LS[8LGIPPWGLERKIXLVSYKLSYXMRJIGXMSRSVEPPIVK]ERHHYVMRKVETMH
MQQYRMX]8LIWIWXYHMIW[MPPLIPTJEGMPMXEXILIPQMRXLIPMQMREXMSRWXVEXIKMIW
ERHMHIRXMJ]RSZIPMRXIVZIRXMSRWJSVEPPIVKMGHMWIEWI
Immunity is costly.
-QQYRSPSKMGEPP]VIWMWXERXQMGIHIZIPSTWMKRM½GERXMQQYRSTEXLSPSK]
following expulsion of the intestinal helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus.
Publications
3OS]I-7ERH;MPWSR17
CD4+ T helper 2 cells - microbial triggers, differentiation requirements and
effector functions.
Immunology 134
;MPWSR17'LIIZIV%;;LMXI7(8LSQTWSR6;ERH;]RR8%
IL-10 blocks the development of resistance to re-infection with Schistosoma
mansoni.
PLoS Pathogens 7I
;MPWSR176EQEPMRKEQ866MZSPPMIV%7LIRHIVSZ/1IRXMRO/ERI111EHEPE
7/'LIIZIV%;%VXMW(/IPWEPP&0ERH;]RR8%
'SPMXMWERHMRXIWXMREPMR¾EQQEXMSRMR-0QMGIVIWYPXWJVSQ-06_2mediated attenuation of IL-13 activity.
Gastroenterology 140
56
miRNA-mediated
regulation.
Using genomewide analysis at
the tissue (A) and
cellular level (B, Th
cell differentiation
pathways, and
C, Th2 cell), we
are investigating
the molecular
mechanisms of
Th2 immunity and
immunopathology
following infection.
Immune Cell Biology
Douglas Young FMedSci
Victor Tybulewicz
Mycobacterial pathogenesis: gene expression and innate immune response
0EFQIQFIVW/VMWXMRI%VRZMK6SKIV&Y\XSR7XITLIR'SEHI8IVIWE'SVXIW.SERRE,SYKLXSR(IFSVEL,YRX
'LVMWXMRE/ELVEQERSKPSY%RKIPE6SHKIVW+VELEQ6SWI=M;ERK1MR=ERK
3RIXLMVHSJXLIKPSFEPTSTYPEXMSRMWI\TSWIHXSMRJIGXMSR[MXL
Mycobacterium tuberculosisFYXSRP]XIRTIVGIRXSJMRHMZMHYEPW
[MPPHIZIPSTXYFIVGYPSWMW8LISYXGSQISJMRJIGXMSRHITIRHWSR
EGSQTPI\WIVMIWSJMRXIVEGXMSRW[MXLXLIMQQYRIW]WXIQ[LMGL
GERVIWYPXMRHMWIEWISVMRETIVWMWXIRXEW]QTXSQEXMGPEXIRX
MRJIGXMSR;IEVIWXYH]MRKXLI[E]XLEXM. tuberculosis evades
LSWXMQQYRMX]F]QMWHMVIGXMRKMRREXIMQQYRIVIGSKRMXMSRERHF]
EHETXMRKXSEJSVQXLEXVIWMWXWOMPPMRKF]TLEKSG]XIW9PXMQEXIP][I
EMQXSHIZIPSTHVYKWXLEXVETMHP]IPMQMREXITIVWMWXMRKFEGXIVMEERH
ZEGGMRIWXLEXIPMGMXQSVIIJJIGXMZIMQQYRMX]
;IEVIYWMRKLMKLXLVSYKLTYXWIUYIRGMRKXIGLRSPSKMIWXS
HI½RIXLIKIRIXMGHMZIVWMX]SJM. tuberculosis ERHXSWXYH]KIRI
VIKYPEXMSREXXVERWGVMTXMSREPERHTSWXXVERWGVMTXMSREPPIZIPW;I
LEZIHMWGSZIVIHERI\XIRWMZIVITIVXSMVISJRSRGSHMRK62%W
ERHEVII\TPSVMRKXLIMVJYRGXMSRMRTEVXXLVSYKLTEVXMGMTEXMSR
MR7]WXI18FE)YVSTIERGSRWSVXMYQYWMRKEW]WXIQWFMSPSK]
ETTVSEGLXSGLEVEGXIVMWIXLIJYRHEQIRXEPFMSPSK]SJ8&3YV
[SVOHIQSRWXVEXIWXLEXKIRIXMGZEVMEXMSREQSRKWXGPMRMGEPMWSPEXIW
of M. tuberculosisVIWYPXWMRTLIRSX]TMGHMJJIVIRGIWMRXLIMV
MRXIVEGXMSR[MXLXLILSWXMRREXIMQQYRIW]WXIQ;ITVSTSWIXLEX
HMJJIVIRGIWMRMRREXIMQQYRIVIGSKRMXMSRHVMZIXLIITMHIQMSPSK]
SJXLMWGSQTPI\HMWIEWI
Mapping of transcriptional start sites by RNAseq. The gene
encoding sigma factor E has three start sites, there is preferential
transcription of a leaderless mRNA in stationary phase.
Publications
%VRZMK/&'SQEW-8LSQWSR26,SYKLXSR.&SWLSJJ,-'VSYGLIV2.6SWI+4IVOMRW88
4EVOLMPP.(SYKER+ERH=SYRK(&
Sequence-based analysis uncovers an abundance of non-coding RNA in the total
transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
PLoS Pathogens 7I
4SVXIZMR(+EKRIY\7'SQEW-ERH=SYRK(
Human macrophage responses to clinical isolates from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex discriminate between ancient and modern lineages.
PLoS pathogens 7I
%VRZMK/&ERH=SYRK(&
-HIRXM½GEXMSRSJWQEPP62%WMRMycobacterium tuberculosis.
Molecular Microbiology 73
FISH image of a tuberculosis bacterium expressing small RNA
MTS1338.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLI
FMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
57
Virology
WHO Collaborating Centre for
6IJIVIRGIERH6IWIEVGLSR-R¾YIRÊ;-'
Director: John McCauley
0EFQIQFIVW6SH(ERMIPW(ITYX](MVIGXSV=MTY0MR%WWMWXERX(MVIGXSV2MGO'EXXPI/EVIR'VSWW:MGOM+VIKSV]'LERHVMOE
,EPEM0]RR;LMXXEOIV>LIRK<MERK
8LI;,3'SPPEFSVEXMRK'IRXVIJSV-R¾YIRÊMWSRISJWM\'SPPEFSVEXMRK'IRXVIWXLEXEPSRK[MXL;,32EXMSREP-R¾YIRÊ
'IRXVIW2-'WMRGSYRXVMIWJSVQXLI;,3+PSFEP-R¾YIRÊ7YVZIMPPERGIERH6IWTSRWI7]WXIQXSXVEGOMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIW
EWXLI]GMVGYPEXIEVSYRHXLI[SVPH:MVYWIWEVIGLEVEGXIVMWIHERXMKIRMGEPP]ERHKIRIXMGEPP]ERHXLIMVVIWMWXERGIXSERXMZMVEPHVYKW
MWHIXIVQMRIH6IWYPXWSJXLIWIEREP]WIWJVSQIEGLGSPPEFSVEXMRKGIRXVIEVIYWIHXSHIZIPSTVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWJSVXLIQSWX
ETTVSTVMEXIWXVEMRWJSVYWIMRWIEWSREPMR¾YIRÊZEGGMRIWERHTVSZMHIEHZMGIXSREXMSREPEYXLSVMXMIWSRXLIKPSFEPERHVIKMSREP
MR¾YIRÊGMVGYPEXMSR
6IWIEVGLLEWJSGYWIHSRVIGIRX,2ZMVYWIWXLEXWLS[EPXIVEXMSRWMRXLIMVEFMPMX]XSFMRHXSWMEPMGEGMHVIGITXSVW1ER],2
ZMVYWWXVEMRWEKKPYXMREXIVIHFPSSHGIPPWXLVSYKLXLIMVRIYVEQMRMHEWIKP]GSTVSXIMR[LMGLLEWQEVOIHMQTPMGEXMSRWJSVXLIERXMKIRMG
EREP]WMWSJXLIWIZMVYWIW%PPSYVWXYHMIWEVIGEVVMIHSYX[MXLXLI2-'WJVSQEVSYRHXLI[SVPH[MXLSXLIV;,3'SPPEFSVEXMRK
'IRXVIWXLI9/,IEPXL4VSXIGXMSR%KIRG]XLI2EXMSREP-RWXMXYXIJSV&MSPSKMGEP7XERHEVHWERH'SRXVSPQIQFIVWSJXLI)YVSTIER
'SQQYRMX]2IX[SVOSJ6IJIVIRGI0EFSVEXSVMIWJSVLYQERMR¾YIRÊERHXLI;IPPGSQI8VYWX7ERKIV-RWXMXYXI
Publications
/PMQSZ%-+EVXIR66YWWIPP'&EVV-+&IWWIPEEV8+
(ERMIPW6)RKIPLEVHX3++VSLQERR+-XEQYVE7/IPWS
%1G'EYPI].3HEKMVM87QMXL(8EWLMVS1<Y<;IFF]
6;ERK(=I>=YIPSRK7>LERK;ERH'S\2
WHO recommendations for the viruses to be used
MRXLI7SYXLIVR,IQMWTLIVI-R¾YIRÊ:EGGMRI
epidemiology, antigenic and genetic characteristics of
MR¾YIRÊ%,2THQ%,2ERH&MR¾YIRÊ
viruses collected from February to September 2011.
Vaccine 30
&EVV-+1G'EYPI].'S\2(ERMIPW6)RKIPLEVHX3+
*YOYHE/+VSLQERR+,E]%/IPWS%/PMQSZ%3HEKMVM
87QMXL(6YWWIPP'8EWLMVS1;IFF]6;SSH.=I>
ERH>LERK;
Epidemiological, antigenic and genetic characteristics of
WIEWSREPMR¾YIRÊ%,2%,2ERH&MR¾YIRÊ
viruses: basis for the WHO recommendation on the
GSQTSWMXMSRSJMR¾YIRÊZEGGMRIWJSVYWIMRXLI
2010 Northern Hemisphere season.
Vaccine 28
0MR=4+VIKSV]:'SPPMRW4/PSIWW.;LEVXSR7'EXXPI2
0EGOIRF]%(ERMIPW6ERH,E]%
Neuraminidase receptor binding variants of human
MR¾YIRÊ%,2ZMVYWIWHYIXSWYFWXMXYXMSRSJEWTEVXMG
acid 151 in the catalytic site - role in virus attachment?
%QMRSEGMHWYFWXMXYXMSRWMRXLIMR¾YIRÊ&
virus haemagglutinin B/Yamagata lineage clades
2 (red) and 3 (green). The amino acid changed
on adaptation to eggs is shown in pink.
58
Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene of
MR¾YIRÊ&=EQEKEXEPMRIEKIZMVYWIW%QMRSEGMH
WYFWXMXYXMSRWXLEXHI½RIKIRIXMGRSHIWEVIWLS[R
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLI
FMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
Structural Biology
Mathematical Biology
Willie Taylor (Head of Division)
Richard Goldstein
Molecular Structure
Steve Gamblin (Joint Head of Division)
Steve Smerdon (Joint Head of Division)
Paul Driscoll
Annalisa Pastore
Andres Ramos
Katrin Rittinger
Ian Taylor
Physical Biochemistry
Justin Molloy (Head of Division)
Tom Carter
Ed Hulme
John Offer
Peter Rosenthal
Martin Webb
59
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Tom Carter
7IGVIXSV]SVKERIPPIJSVQEXMSRXVEJ½GOMRKERHI\SG]XSWMW
0EFQIQFIVW-ERMRE'SRXI)QQE'SSOWSR%RE:MSPIXE*SRWIGE.IRRMJIV*VEQTXSR2MOSPEM/MWOMR0EYVE/RMTI
3RISJXLI[E]WMR[LMGLGIPPWWIRWIERHVIWTSRHXSXLIMVIRZMVSRQIRXMWXLVSYKL
XLIGIPPWYVJEGII\TVIWWMSRSJMRXIKVEPQIQFVERITVSXIMRWIKLSVQSRIVIGITXSVW
MSRGLERRIPWEHLIWMSRQSPIGYPIWIXGERHXLIWIGVIXMSRSJWSPYFPIQSPIGYPIWMRXSXLI
I\XIVREPIRZMVSRQIRXIKLSVQSRIWXVERWQMXXIVWQSVTLSKIRW8LIGSVVIGXHIPMZIV]
SJWYGLQSPIGYPIWXSXLIGIPPWYVJEGISVI\XVEGIPPYPEVWTEGIMRZSPZIWXLIWIGVIXSV]
TEXL[E];IWXYH]XLIWIGVIXSV]TEXL[E]MRSVHIVXSYRHIVWXERHXLITVSGIWWIWXLEX
YRHIVPMIXLIJSVQEXMSRXVEJ½GOMRKERHI\SG]XSWMWSJVIKYPEXIHWIGVIXSV]SVKERIPPIW
7+WXLITSWX+SPKMQIQFVERIFSYRHGSRXEMRIVWXLEXWXSVIERHHIPMZIVTVSXIMRWXS
XLIGIPPWYVJEGII\XIVMSVMRVIWTSRWIXSI\XIVREPWMKREPW
3YVQSHIPW]WXIQMWXLIIRHSXLIPMEPGIPP)'ERHMXWVIKYPEXIH7+XLI;IMFIP
4EPEHIFSH];4&;4&I\SG]XSWMWYRHIVPMIWWIGVIXMSRSJELSWXSJGSEKYPERXERH
MR¾EQQEXSV]QSPIGYPIWMQTSVXERXJSVLYQERLIEPXL*MKYVI3YVVIGIRX[SVO
&MIVMRKWIXEPLEWWLS[RXLEX;4&I\SG]XSWMWMWGSRXVSPPIHF]XLIMRXIVTPE]
FIX[IIRQYPXMTPIWSPYFPIFMRHMRKTEVXRIVW7PTE1]6-4SJXLI;4&6EFTVSXIMR
6EFE*MKYVI
Figure 1. Endothelial cells line the lumen of all blood vessels and control vascular
homeostasis through secretion of a variety of mediators from specialised secretory
granules called Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs).
Publications
&MIVMRKW6,IPPIR2/MWOMR2/RMTI0*SRWIGE%:4EXIP&1IPM%6SWI1,ERREL1.ERH'EVXIV8
The interplay between the Rab27A effectors Slp4 a and MyRIP controls hormone-evoked Weibel-Palade body
exocytosis.
Blood 120
/RMTI01IPM%,I[PIXX0&MIVMRKW6(IQTWXIV.7OILIP4,ERREL1.ERH'EVXIV8
A revised model for the secretion of tPA and cytokines from cultured endothelial cells.
Blood 116
&EFMGL:1IPM%/RMTI0(IQTWXIV.)7OILIP4,ERREL1.ERH'EVXIV8
Selective release of molecules from Weibel-Palade bodies during a lingering kiss.
Blood 111
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
60
Figure 2. WPBs recruit multiple Rab proteins, but exocytosis is
controlled by the interplay of the soluble effectors Slp4-a and
MyRIP on Rab27a.
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Structure
Paul Driscoll
Structural and functional analysis of signalling proteins
0EFQIQFIVW(MIKS)WTSWMXS8LEVMRHY*IVRERHS%GIP]+EVÊ+EVGME,ERW/SWW0MP]2IQEXSPPELM8MQSXL]6EKER'LVMWXMRI6MGLXIV
+IQQE;MPHWQMXL6MGLEVH=MQ
2YGPIEVQEKRIXMGVIWSRERGI216WTIGXVSWGST]TVSZMHIWEZEPYEFPI
QIERWXSTVSFIXLIXLVIIHMQIRWMSREPWXVYGXYVIH]REQMGWERHFMRHMRK
TVSTIVXMIWSJFMSPSKMGEPQSPIGYPIWPEVKIERHWQEPP3YVKVSYTIQTPS]W
WXEXISJXLIEVX216EPSRKWMHIFMSTL]WMGEPFMSGLIQMGEPERHGIPPFMSPSK]
XIGLRMUYIWXSMRZIWXMKEXIXLIREXYVISJMRXIVEGXMSRWFIX[IIRTVSXIMRW
MQTPMGEXIHMRJYRHEQIRXEPGIPPYPEVERHSVKERMWQEPTVSGIWWIW8LIWIMRGPYHI
XLIEGXMZEXMSRSJHIEXLVIGITXSVWMKREPPMRKPMQFVIKIRIVEXMSRMRXLI
EHYPXRI[XXLIVIKYPEXMSRSJTLSWTLSPMTEWI'MWS^]QIWERHXLIVSPISJ
`KP]GSTVSXIMRMRERXMTLSWTLSPMTMHW]RHVSQI;IEPWSGSRXVMFYXIXS
VIWIEVGLXSMRZIWXMKEXIXLIMQTEGXSJMRXIVZIRXMSRWMRXSXLIHIZIPSTQIRX
SJXLIQSHIPSVKERMWQDrosophila melanogaster.
;ILEZIFIIRGSRXMRYMRKXSMRZIWXMKEXIXLIMRXIVEGXMSREXXLIGSVISJXLI
HIEXLMRHYGMRKWMKREPPMRKGSQTPI\(-7'XLEXJSVQW[LIRQIQFIVWSJ
XLIHIEXLVIGITXSVWYTIVJEQMP]EVIEGXMZEXIHF]PMKERHFMRHMRK*SVQEXMSR
SJXLI(-7'MWJSVI\EQTPIGVYGMEPJSV8GIPPLSQISWXEWMW;ILEZI
IWXEFPMWLIHEGSQFMRIHWXVYGXYVEPERHGIPPFMSPSK]ETTVSEGLXSTVSFIXLI
VSPISJXLIJYPPPIRKXL*%((TVSXIMR[MXLMRXLI(-7'-REHHMXMSR[ILEZI
SFXEMRIHEXVEGXEFPIJSVQSJXLIHIEXLHSQEMRSJ6-4OMREWIXLEXFMRHW
XS*%(([MXLMRXLIVMTSTXSWSQIEQYPXMTVSXIMRWMKREPSWSQIXLEXMW
GVMXMGEPJSVEJSVQSJGIPPHIEXLGEPPIHRIGVSTXSWMW
Differential CD95-binding for wild type and mutant forms of
FADD revealed by 2D heteronuclear NMR.
Publications
&YRRI]8( )WTSWMXS( 1EW(VSY\' 0EQFIV) &E\IRHEPI6; 1EVXMRW1 'SPI%
7ZIVKYR((VMWGSPP4'ERH/EXER1
Structural and functional integration of the PLCa interaction domains critical for
regulatory mechanisms and signaling deregulation.
Structure 20
'LIRK0=&EMPI]%40IIZIVW7.6EKER8.(VMWGSPP4'ERH+SYPH%4
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase spares organ growth during nutrient restriction in
Drosophila.
Cell 146
CD95-dependent cell death in FADD-/- Jurkat cells reconstituted with a mutant
CD95-dependent cell death in FADD-/- Jurkat cells reconstituted with a mutant
form of FADD, monitored for activation of caspase-3 using FACS analysis.
)WTSWMXS(7EROEV%1SVKRIV26SFMRWSR':6MXXMRKIV/ERH(VMWGSPP4'
Solution NMR investigation of the CD95/FADD homotypic death domain complex
suggests lack of engagement of the CD95 C terminus.
Structure 18
KVSYTMR
61
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Structure
Steve Gamblin FRS, EMBO member, FMedSci
7XVYGXYVEPFMSPSK]SJMR¾YIRÊIRIVK]QIXEFSPMWQERHGERGIV
0EFQIQFIVW4EXVMGO'SPPMRW4IXIV'SSQFW:EPIVME(I1EVGS'LYR.MRK2IMP.YWXMR1EXXLI[7ERHIVW.SLR7OILIP
)PMÊFIXL9RHIV[SSH7IFEWXMIR:EGLMIVM&MRK<MES%PI\<MSRK
We study the structure
ERHJYRGXMSRSJQSPIGYPIW
MRZSPZIHMRHMWIEWITVSGIWWIW
WYGLEWMR¾YIRÊHMEFIXIW
ERHGERGIV;IYWI<VE]
GV]WXEPPSKVETL]ERH216
XSHIXIVQMRIXLIXLVII
HMQIRWMSREPWXVYGXYVIW
and dynamics of these
QSPIGYPIW-RGSQFMREXMSR
[MXLSXLIVFMSTL]WMGEP
FMSGLIQMGEPERHFMSPSKMGEP
XIGLRMUYIWXLIHEXELIPT
YWIPYGMHEXIXLIJYRGXMSRSJ
the proteins of interest and
TVSZMHIMRJSVQEXMSRXLEXQE]FIYWIJYPJSVXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJ
XLIVETIYXMGETTVSEGLIW
We are interested in the structure and function of the two
QENSVWYVJEGIKP]GSTVSXIMRWSJMR¾YIRÊZMVYWLIQEKKPYXMRMR
ERHRIYVEQMRMHEWI8LMW[SVOLEWFIIRGSRHYGXIHEWEPSRK
WXERHMRKGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL.SLR7OILIPERHRS[EPWSMRZSPZIW
.SLR1G'EYPI]´WKVSYTMR:MVSPSK]EW[IPPEWIWWIRXMEPGSRXEGXW
[MXL2-16´W;-'%WTEVXSJXLMWIJJSVX[SVOMRK[MXL%RXSRMS
0ERÊZIGGLMEERHLMWGSPPIEKYIW[ILEZIJSYRHXLEXERERXMFSH]
GEPPIH*-GERGSQFEXEPPMR¾YIRÊ%ZMVYWIWXLEXGSQQSRP]
GEYWIHMWIEWIMRLYQERWERHMRERMQEPW8LI½RHMRKVITVIWIRXWE
TSXIRXMEPXYVRMRKTSMRXMRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJ¾YXVIEXQIRXWERH
MRXMQIQE]LIPTXSTEZIXLI[E]JSVEYRMZIVWEP¾YZEGGMRI
Ribbons representation of two orthogonal views of active AMPK. The
kinase domain is coloured in yellow with its activation loop in pink. The
regulatory gamma subunit which binds AMP/ADP/ATP competitively is
coloured in red.
Ribbons representation of the crystal structure of the crossreactive FI6 antibody binding to an HA trimer.
Publications
<MES&7ERHIVW1.9RHIV[SSH),IEXL61E]IV*:'EVQIRE(.MRK';EPOIV4%)GGPIWXSR.*,EMVI0*7EMY4,S[IPP7%%EWPERH61EVXMR76
'EVPMRK(ERH+EQFPMR7.
Structure of mammalian AMPK and its regulation by ADP.
Nature 472
'SVXM(:SWW.+EQFPMR7.'SHSRM+1EGEKRS%.EVVSWWE](:EGLMIVM7+4MRRE(1MRSPE%:ERÎXXE*7MPEGGM'*IVRERHI^6SHVMKYI^&1%KEXMG+
&MERGLM7+MEGGLIXXS7EWWIPPM-'EPHIV07EPPYWXS*'SPPMRW4,EMVI0*8IQTIVXSR20ERKIHMNO.417OILIP..ERH0ERÊZIGGLME%
%RIYXVEPM^MRKERXMFSH]WIPIGXIHJVSQTPEWQEGIPPWXLEXFMRHWXSKVSYTERHKVSYTMR¾YIRÊ%LIQEKKPYXMRMRW
Science 333
1EVKYIVSR6.YWXMR23LRS/7LEVTI107SR.(VYV]---;.:SMKX41EVXMR768E]PSV;6(I1EVGS:4MVVSXXE:6IMRFIVK(ERH+EQFPMR7.
Role of the polycomb protein EED in the propagation of repressive histone marks.
Nature 461
62
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Richard Goldstein
Modelling the evolution of molecular components, systems, and behaviours
0EFQIQFIVW1EVXMR+SHER]/]VMEOSW/IRX^SKPEREOMW&LEZMR/LEXVM'LVMWXSTLIV1SRMX+VERX8LMPXKIR
%PPFMSPSK]MWXLIVIWYPXSJIZSPYXMSR-RSVHIVXS
YRHIVWXERHPMJI[IRIIHXSMRZIWXMKEXIXLIIZSPYXMSREV]
TVSGIWWXLEXHIXIVQMRIWMXWJSVQERHJYRGXMSR&IGEYWI
PMZMRKXLMRKWIRGSHIXLMWIZSPYXMSREV]LIVMXEKIWXYHMIWSJ
XLIMVTVSTIVXMIWGERTVSZMHIMRWMKLXWMRXSXLIIZSPYXMSREV]
TVSGIWW*SPPS[MRKXLIIZSPYXMSREV]TEXLSJWTIGM½G
components can provide important information about
XLIGLEVEGXIVMWXMGWSJPMZMRKSVKERMWQW'SQFMRMRKMRWMKLXW
JVSQTL]WMGEPGLIQMWXV]GSRHIRWIHQEXXIVTL]WMGWEVXM½GMEP
MRXIPPMKIRGIGSQTPI\MX]XLISV]ERHQEXLIQEXMGEPFMSPSK]
[IEVIHIZIPSTMRKGSQTYXEXMSREPERHXLISVIXMGEPQIXLSHW
XSI\TPSVIXLIWIEVIEW
;IEVIMRZIWXMKEXMRKTVSXIMRIZSPYXMSRI\TPSVMRK[LEX
XLIIZSPYXMSREV]VIGSVHGERXIPPYWEFSYXXLIIJJIGXSJ
QYXEXMSRW;IEPWSYWIQSVIXLISVIXMGEPQSHIPWXSFIXXIV
YRHIVWXERHLS[XLIIZSPYXMSRSJTVSXIMRWHIXIVQMRIH
XLIMVSFWIVZIHTVSTIVXMIW;IWXYH]XLIIZSPYXMSRSJ
ZMVYWIWWYGLEW,-:MRSVHIVXSFIXXIVYRHIVWXERHXLI[E]
XLI]EGXRS[LS[XLI]QMKLXGLERKIMRXLIJYXYVIERH
LS[XLI]EVIEFPIXSWLMJXJVSQSRILSWXXSERSXLIV;I
EVIEPWSWXYH]MRKLS[LSVM^SRXEPKIRIXVERWJIVEJJIGXWXLI
IZSPYXMSRSJFEGXIVMEJSGYWMRKSR[LIRXLIMRXIVIWXWSJXLI
KIRIWERHXLISVKERMWQWGSR¾MGX
)WXMQEXIHGLERKIMR½XRIWWQYPXMTPMIHF]X[MGIXLITSTYPEXMSR
WMÎMRMR¾YIRÊ4&TVSXIMRJSPPS[MRKLSWXWLMJXXSLYQERW6IH
distribution is for locations involved in adaptation to humans.
Publications
4SPPSGO((8LMPXKIR+ERH+SPHWXIMR6%
Amino acid coevolution induces an evolutionary Stokes shift.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
109))
8EQYVM%9HSW6IMW1ERH+SPHWXIMR6%
)WXMQEXMRKXLIHMWXVMFYXMSRSJWIPIGXMSRGSIJ½GMIRXWJVSQTL]PSKIRIXMGHEXEYWMRKWMXI[MWI
mutation-selection models.
Genetics 190
+SPHWXIMR6%
The evolution and evolutionary consequences of marginal thermostability in proteins.
Proteins 79
Simulation showing evolution of two distinct clusters of plasmids, one with
low horizontal transfer rate (m) and restrained replication g), the other
with high horizontal transfer rate and unregulated replication.
63
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Ed Hulme
Structure and function of G protein-coupled receptors
0EFQIQFIVW'EVSP'YVXMW
0MZMRKGIPPWEVIHIPMQMXIHF]EQIQFVERI[LMGLMWSPEXIW
XLIMVMRXIVREPQEGLMRIV]JVSQXLII\XIVREP[SVPH
,S[IZIVGIPPWWYGLEWXLIRIYVSRW[LMGLJSVQXLI
MRJSVQEXMSRXVERWHYGXMSRRIX[SVOWSJXLIFVEMRQYWX
WXMPPFIEFPIXSVIWTSRHXSMRGSQMRKGLIQMGEPWMKREPW8LI
XVERWQIQFVERILIPM\+TVSXIMRGSYTPIHVIGITXSVW
+4'6WEVIEWYTIVJEQMP]SJKIRIXMGEPP]IRGSHIH
RERSQEGLMRIWXLEXLEZIIZSPZIHXSIREFPIXLMW7MRGI
+4'6WEVIXLIXEVKIXWSJEFSYXSJGPMRMGEPP]TVIWGVMFIH
HVYKWEHIXEMPIHYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLIMVWXVYGXYVIWERH
QSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWSJEGXMSRMWIWWIRXMEPXSYRHIVTMR
TVSKVEQWSJWIPIGXMZIHVYKHIZIPSTQIRX
1QYWGEVMRMGEGIX]PGLSPMRIVIGITXSVW1Q%'L6W
VIKYPEXIXLIEGXMZMX]SJQER]SYXTYXRIYVSRWMRXLI
JSVIFVEMR8LI]EVIMQTSVXERXQIHMEXSVWSJGYIHIXIGXMSR
ERHQIQSV](VYKWXLEXWIPIGXMZIP]EGXMZEXI1Q%'L6W
EVIXEVKIXIHEXXLIGSKRMXMZIHIJIGXWMR%P^LIMQIV´WHMWIEWI
ERHWGLM^STLVIRMEERHQE]HIGVIEWIEQ]PSMHTPEUYI
JSVQEXMSR;IEVIJSGYWMRKSRRSZIPQSHIWSJMRXIVEGXMSR
SJPMKERHW[LMGLLEZIZIV]LMKLWIPIGXMZMXMIWJSV1
Q%'L6W[SVOMRKXS[EVHWEXSQMGVIWSPYXMSRWXVYGXYVIW
F]<VE]GV]WXEPPSKVETL]8LIWI[MPPTVSZMHIE½VQFEWMWJSV
WXVYGXYVIFEWIHHVYKHIWMKR
Publications
,YPQI)'
GPCR activation: a mutagenic spotlight on crystal structures.
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 34,
/E]I6+7EPHERLE.;0Y>0ERH,YPQI)'
Helix 8 of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor: scanning mutagenesis delineates a
G protein recognition site.
Molecular Pharmacology 79
0IFSR+0ERKQIEH'.8ILER&+ERH,YPQI)'
Mutagenic mapping suggests a novel binding mode for selective agonists of M1
muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
Novel binding interactions (green) open up a bitopic binding mode for selective
agonists of M1 muscarinic receptors.
64
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Justin Molloy
Single molecule studies of cell motility and cell signalling
0EFQIQFIVW7YPIQER&E[YQME6EGLIP*EVVS[%RHVI[,S[I7XITLIR1EVXMR+VIKSV]1EWLERSZ4EYP1SSH]1EVX]R7XSTTW
%PKMVHEW8SPIMOMW
8LITVMRGMTEPKSEPSJXLIKVSYTMWXSYRHIVWXERHXLI
QSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQSJJSVGITVSHYGXMSRF]EGXSQ]SWMR
ERHLS[TVSXIMRWERHSVKERIPPIWQSZIEVSYRH[MXLMRPMZMRK
GIPPW0EWIVFEWIHSTXMGEPQIXLSHWPMOISTXMGEPX[IIÎVWERH
XSXEPMRXIVREPVI¾IGXMSR¾YSVIWGIRGIQMGVSWGST]8-6*1
EPPS[YWXSSFWIVZIXVEGOERHQERMTYPEXIMRHMZMHYEP
QSPIGYPIWIMXLIVMRMWSPEXIHTVITEVEXMSRWSV[MXLMRPMZMRKGIPPW
WIIFIPS[;IEVIMRXIVIWXIHMRHMZIVWIEWTIGXWSJLYQER
LIEPXLMRGPYHMRKLS[XLIQEPEVMEPTEVEWMXIKEMRWIRXV]MRXS
LYQERFPSSHGIPPWLS[EGIX]PGLSPMRIVIGITXSVWXVERWHYGI
WMKREPWMRXLILIEVXERHLS[XLIX[SWXVERHWSJ(2%EVI
WITEVEXIHERHGSTMIH
-RGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL7XITLIR'EHHMGOERHGSPPIEKYIW9'0
'LIQMWXV](ITEVXQIRX4EYP1SSH]MRQ]KVSYTLEW
HIQSRWXVEXIHXLEXFVSQSQEPIMQMHIPMROIHFMSGSRNYKEXIW
EVIGPIEZIH[MXLMRXLIG]XSTPEWQSJPMZIQEQQEPMERGIPPW
[LMGLQE]LEZIMQTSVXERXQIHMGEPERHEGEHIQMGETTPMGEXMSRW
*MKYVI-RGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL4VSJ+IVS´WKVSYT)\IXIV
&MSPSK](ITEVXQIRX[IMQEKIHMRHMZMHYEPQSPIGYPIWSJER
YRYWYEPJYRKEPQ]SWMR<:--QSXSVSRWMRKPIEGXMR½PEQIRXW
8LI[SVOGSRXVMFYXIHXSSYVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJLS[XLMW
QSXSVEGXWXSXIXLIVMXWGEVKSEXXLIGIPPTIVMTLIV][LMGLMW
GVMXMGEPXSMXWVSPIMRPSGEPMWMRKGLMXMRW]RXLEWIEGXMZMX]EXXLI
KVS[MRKXMTSJJYRKEPL]TLEI*MKYVI
Figure 2. Left panel: Image
series showing transient
binding of myosin XVII
(green) to F-actin (red).
Right panel: Kymograph
shows myosin XVII binds
WTIGM½GEPP]XSEGXMRJSVbW
but does not translocate.
Publications
*EVVS[6)+VIIR./EXMWQMXWSYPME>8E]PSV;6,SPHIV%%ERH1SPPS].)
The mechanism of erythrocyte invasion by the malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum.
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology 22
1SSH]47QMXL1)&6]ER'4'LYHEWEQE:&EOIV.61SPPS].ERH'EHHMGO7
Bromomaleimide-linked bioconjugates are cleavable in mammalian cells.
Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology 13
Figure 1. We microinjected single cells with a bromomaleimide linked
rhodamine-GFP conjugate and found that the sessile bond is cleaved in
the reducing cytosolic milieu.
7GLYWXIV18VIMXWGLOI7/MPEVY71SPPS].,EVQIV2.ERH7XIMRFIVK+
Myosin-5, kinesin-1 and myosin-17 cooperate in secretion of fungal chitin synthase.
EMBO Journal 31
KVSYTMR
65
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Structure
John Offer
Synthetic protein laboratory: acyl transfer for chemical biology and synthesis
0EFQIQFIVW'EVSPMRI1SVVMW+ISVKI4ETEKISVKMSY
4VSXIMRWEVIRS[[MXLMRXLIW]RXLIXMGVIEGLSJSVKERMGGLIQMWXV]8LIGSQFMREXMSRSJ
WSPMHTLEWITITXMHIW]RXLIWMWERHXLIIQIVKMRKXIGLRSPSK]SJFMSPSKMGEPP]GSQTEXMFPI
PMKEXMSRVIEGXMSRWMWETS[IVJYPSRIJSVXLIW]RXLIWMWSJWQEPPTVSXIMRW'LIQMGEP
W]RXLIWMWMWTSXIRXMEPP]ERMQTSVXERXGSQTPIQIRXEV]QIXLSHXSFMSPSKMGEPI\TVIWWMSR
JSVXLITVSHYGXMSRSJTSWXXVERWPEXMSREPP]QSHM½IHTVSXIMRWJSVXLIMRXVSHYGXMSRSJ
RSRREXYVEPEQMRSEGMHWSVJSVWMXIWTIGM½GTVSXIMRPEFIPPMRK8LIVIWIEVGLEVIESJ
PMKEXMSRLEWTS[IVJYPETTPMGEXMSRWFI]SRHTITXMHIQIXLSHSPSK]MRHVYKHMWGSZIV]
W]RXLIXMGGLIQMWXV]ERHGLIQMGEPFMSPSK]XLIPEXXIVFIMRKETVMRGMTEPEVIESJJSGYW
4ITXMHIPMKEXMSRMWHITIRHIRXSRXLITVIWIRGISJG]WXIMRIEXXLIPMKEXMSRNYRGXMSR;I
LEZIWLS[RXLEXF]EKIRIVEPGLIQMGEPQSHM½GEXMSRSJETITXMHIXIVQMRYW[IGER
QEOIMXQMQMGXLIPMKEXMSRTVSTIVXMIWSJG]WXIMRI8LMWI\TERHWXLIW]RXLIXMG¾I\MFMPMX]
SJXLIPMKEXMSRETTVSEGLWSXLEX[IGERQSVIIEWMP]VIEWWIQFPITVSXIMRWJVSQXLIMV
GSQTSRIRXTITXMHIW8LIWIVIEGXMSRWEVIFIMRKI\TPSVIHXLVSYKLFSXLTVSXIMR
W]RXLIWMWFMSGSRNYKEXMSRERHQSVIKIRIVEPP]XLVSYKLSVKERMGW]RXLIWMWXSEQMHI
GSRXEMRMRKREXYVEPTVSHYGXW;IEVIW]RXLIWMWMRKWIZIVEPI\GMXMRKTVSXIMRXEVKIXW
MRGPYHMRKLSQSKIRSYWGLIQMGEPP]HI½RIHKP]GSTVSXIMRWERHWIPJEWWIQFPMRKTVSXIMRW
Synthesis of Bovine
Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor
(BPTI). a. Mass Spec. of
BPTI b. HPLC time course
of ligation reaction C =
BPTI product, A = BPTI(137) and B = BPTI(38-58).
Publications
&YVPMRE*1SVVMW'&ILVIRHX6;LMXI4ERH3JJIV.
Simplifying native chemical ligation with an N-acylsulfonamide
linker.
Chemical Communications 48
,SPQ0%GOPERH+0)H[EVHW16&VIGOIRVMHKI6%7MQ6&ERH
3JJIV.
Chemical labelling of active serum thioester proteins for
UYERXM½GEXMSR
Immunobiology 217
7GERPER'23JJIV.>MX^QERR2ERH([IO6%
Exploiting the defensive sugars of HIV-1 for drug and vaccine
design.
Nature 446
66
Amide ester equilibrium.
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Structure
Annalisa Pastore
Understanding the molecular bases of neurodegeneration
0EFQIQFIVW 7EPZEXSVI%HMRSP½ 'IWMVEHI'LMEVE 7IVIRE*EKKMERS .SLR1G'SVQMGO 0EYVE1EWMRS /VMW4EY[IPW 6EN1IRSR
6SFIVX=ER
;IEVIMRXIVIWXIHMRYRHIVWXERHMRKXLIQSPIGYPEVFEWIWSJ
RIYVSHIKIRIVEXMZIHMWIEWIW;IWXYH]XLIGSRRIGXMSRFIX[IIR
RSVQEPJYRGXMSRERHHMWIEWIXSIZIRXYEPP]HIZIPSTXLIVETIYXMG
MRXIVZIRXMSRW-RSYV[SVO[IYWIHMJJIVIRXFMSTL]WMGEP
FMSGLIQMGEPFMSMRJSVQEXMGWERHGIPPFMSPSK]XSSPW;IJSGYW
SRRIYVSHIKIRIVEXMZITVSGIWWIWGEYWIHF]QMWJSPHMRKERH
QMXSGLSRHVMEPH]WJYRGXMSRW(YVMRKXLIPEWX]IEV[ILEZIJYVXLIV
EHZERGIHSYVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLIGIPPYPEVJYRGXMSRSJJVEXE\MRXLI
TVSXIMRVIWTSRWMFPIJSV*VMIHVIMGL´WEXE\ME;IGSQTEVIHXLIVSPI
SJXLITVSXIMRMRTVSOEV]SXIWERHIYOEV]SXIW3YVHEXEGSR½VQIH
SYVTVIZMSYWSFWIVZEXMSRWXLEXJVEXE\MREGXWEWEVIKYPEXSVSJ
MVSRWYPTLYVGPYWXIVJSVQEXMSRFYXEPWSTSMRXIHSYXMQTSVXERX
HMJJIVIRGIWXLEXWYKKIWXXLIMVSRWYPTLYVGPYWXIVEWWIQFP]
QEGLMRIV]XSFIERYRYWYEPI\EQTPIMR[LMGLQSHM½GEXMSRWXSER
IR^]QIHYVMRKIZSPYXMSRMRZIVXWSVVIZIVWIWXLIQSHISJGSRXVSP
MQTEVXIHF]EVIKYPEXSV]QSPIGYPI
;ILEZIEPWSJYVXLIVEHZERGIHSYVWXYHMIWSJEXE\MRXLITVSXIMR
VIWTSRWMFPIJSVWTMRSGIVIFIPPEVEXE\MEX]TI;IWSPZIHXLI
WXVYGXYVISJEGSQTPI\SJXLI%<,HSQEMRSJEXE\MRERHXLI
TVSXIMR[LMGLWYKKIWXWERMQTSVXERXVSPISJXLMWMRXIVEGXMSR
MRXLIRSVQEPERHTEXLSPSKMGJYRGXMSRSJXLITVSXIMR
Publications
%HVSZIV11EVXSVIPP+1EVXMR769VSWIZ(/SREVIZ4:
7ZIVKYR(-(EYVE<8IQYWWM4ERH4EWXSVI%
The role of hydration in protein stability: comparison of the
cold and heat unfolded states of Yfh1.
Journal of Molecular Biology 417
&VMH[IPP6EFF.-ERRY^^M'4EWXSVI%ERH&EVSRHIEY(4
Effector role reversal during evolution: the case of frataxin
in Fe-S cluster biosynthesis.
Biochemistry 51¯
4EY[IPW/;MPPMEQW801SVVMW/0.SRGOLIIVI;:ERHIVWXIIR
%/IPP]+7GL]QOS[MX^.6SYWWIEY*4EWXSVI%7IVTIPP0'
ERH&VSIVWIR/
Structural basis for increased toxicity of pathological
A`42:A`40 ratios in Alzheimer’s disease.
Model of the role of prokaryotic and eukaryotic frataxin (CyaY and FXN respectively) in Fe–S
assembly. Frataxin forms a complex with the desulphurase enzyme that exists as a mixture of
functional and nonfunctional states that are stabilised by binding of frataxin homologues.
7IIVIJIVIRGIW
67
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Structure
Andres Ramos
Molecular recognition in post-transcriptional regulation
0EFQIQFIVW/EXLIVMRI'SPPMRW'LVMWXSTLIV+EPPEKLIV(EZMH,SPPMRK[SVXL2IWWMQ/MGLMO:MNE]EPE\QM1ERSLEVERGiuseppe Nicastro
4SWXXVERWGVMTXMSREPGSRXVSPTPE]WEOI]VSPIMRI\TERHMRK
KIRSQMGHMZIVWMX]MRGSQTPI\SVKERMWQWERHHIVIKYPEXMSR
SJXLIQIXEFSPMWQSJWTIGM½GQ62%WPMIWEXXLIFEWMWSJ
GSQQSRKIRIXMGHMWIEWIWGERGIVEYXSMQQYRITEXLSPSKMIW
ERHZMVEPMRJIGXMSR3YVKSEPMWXSI\TPEMRLS[62%FMRHMRK
TVSXIMRWEGLMIZIERHVIKYPEXIXEVKIXWIPIGXMZMX]ERHLS[XLI]
GSRXVSPXLII\TVIWWMSRSJWYFWIXWSJKIRIW;IGSQFMRI
information obtained from NMR experiments with that
SFXEMRIHF]SXLIVFMSTL]WMGEPWXVYGXYVEPXIGLRMUYIWERHF]MR
GIPPin vivo EWWE]W
0IXMWEOI]VIKYPEXSVSJGIPPYPEVTVSPMJIVEXMSRERHMR
LYQERWJYRGXMSRWEWERMQTSVXERXXYQSVWYTTVIWWSV
3YVVIGIRX[SVOSRXLIFMSKIRIWMWSJ0IXQM62%
TVIGYVWSVLEWVIZIEPIHLS[XLIKIRIVEP62%VIKYPEXSV
/764VIGSKRMÎWXLITVIQM62%ETMGEPPSSTMRGVIEWMRK
TVIQM62%TVSGIWWMRKXSXLIQEXYVI0IX6IGSKRMXMSR
MWEGLMIZIHF]ERSZIPQSHISJMRXIVEGXMSRFIX[IIR/,
HSQEMRWERH62%[LMGLMRZSPZIVIQSHIPPMRKSJ0IX
ETMGEPPSST3YVHEXEWLS[XLEXXLIPSSTW[MXGLIWFIX[IIR
a form bound by the KSRP activator to one bound by the
0MRVITVIWWSVLMRXMRKXLEXEGXMRKSRXLIPSSTGSRJSVQEXMSR
QE]VITVIWIRXEXSSPXSVIKYPEXI0IXGSRGIRXVEXMSRMRXLI
GIPP
Regulation of Let-7 miRNA biogenesis by KSRP.
Publications
2MGEWXVSIXEP
Noncanonical G recognition mediates KSRP regulation of let-7 biogenesis.
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 19
'YOMIV'(,SPPMRK[SVXL(1EVXMR76/IPP]+(uE^1SVIRS-ERH6EQSW%
Molecular basis of FIR-mediated c-myc transcriptional controP
8VEFYGGLM1&VMEXE4+EVGME1E]SVEP1,EEWI%(*MPMTS[MG^;6EQSW%+LIV^M6ERH6SWIRJIPH
1+
The RNA-binding protein KSRP promotes the biogenesis of a subset of microRNAs.
Nature 459
68
Structure of KSRP KH3 in complex with the key recognition element
of Let-7 miRNA precursor (in yellow).
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Structure
Katrin Rittinger
Structural biology of signalling networks that regulate innate and adaptive immunity
0EFQIQFIVW2MGLSPEW&VS[R1ERYIPE,IWW%]PMR1SVVMW(EZMIW6SLMRM6ERE/SZMPIR7E[Q]REHIR&IR7XMIKPMX^
4EXXIVRVIGSKRMXMSRVIGITXSVW466WEVIOI]GSQTSRIRXW
SJXLIMRREXIMQQYRIW]WXIQXLEXWIRWIQMGVSFMEPERHZMVEP
MRJIGXMSRWERHMRMXMEXIETVSMR¾EQQEXSV]VIWTSRWI8LIWMKREPPMRK
TEXL[E]WEGXMZEXIHF]XLIWIVIGITXSVWRIIHXSFIXMKLXP]
GSRXVSPPIHEWQMWVIKYPEXMSRGERPIEHXSGLVSRMGMR¾EQQEXMSR
ERHEYXSMQQYRIHMWIEWI3YVVIWIEVGLMWJSGYWIHSRXLI
WXVYGXYVEPGLEVEGXIVMWEXMSRSJTVSXIMRGSQTPI\IWXLEXVIKYPEXI
MRREXIMQQYRMX]ERHMR¾EQQEXSV]VIWTSRWIW-RTEVXMGYPEV[I
EVIMRXIVIWXIHMRYRHIVWXERHMRKLS[QIQFIVWSJXLI23(
PMOIVIGITXSV206JEQMP]SJMRXVEGIPPYPEV466WVIGSKRMWIXLIMV
XEVKIXWERHVIPE]XLMWMRJSVQEXMSRXSMRHYGIEWTIGM½GGIPPYPEV
VIWTSRWI
9FMUYMXMREXMSRLEWIQIVKIHEWEOI]VIKYPEXSV]IPIQIRXMRXLI
GSRXVSPSJMQQYRIERHMR¾EQQEXSV]WMKREPPMRKTEXL[E]W8LI
X]TISJYFMUYMXMRGLEMREXXEGLIHXSEXEVKIXTVSXIMRHIXIVQMRIW
XLITL]WMSPSKMGEPSYXGSQISJXLIQSHM½GEXMSR'LEMRWPMROIHZME
/ERH1±PMRIEVGLEMRW²EVITEVXMGYPEVP]MQTSVXERXJSVXLI
VIKYPEXMSRSJMQQYRIERHMR¾EQQEXSV]VIWTSRWIW;IEMQXS
IPYGMHEXISREWXVYGXYVEPERHJYRGXMSREPPIZIPXLIQIGLERMWQ
F][LMGLWTIGM½GX]TIWSJYFMUYMXMRGLEMRWEVIW]RXLIWMWIHERH
EXXEGLIHXSEXEVKIXF])YFMUYMXMRPMKEWIWWYGLEW09&%'
[LMGLTPE]WERMQTSVXERXVSPIMRXLIEGXMZEXMSRSJXLI2*gB
XVERWGVMTXMSRJEGXSV
Ubiquitination assay using Cy5-labelled ubiquitin to show the formation
of a HOIP-thioester intermediate, indicating that the E3 ligase LUBAC
adopts a RING/HECT hybrid mechanism.
Publications
*VMHL:ERH6MXXMRKIV/
The tandem CARDs of NOD2: intramolecular interactions and recognition of RIP2.
PLOS ONE 7I
7XMIKPMX^&1SVVMW(EZMIW%'/SPMSTSYPSW1+'LVMWXSHSYPSY)ERH6MXXMRKIV/
LUBAC synthesizes linear ubiquitin chains via a thioester intermediate.
EMBO Reports 13
The structures of different types of ubiquitin chains and some of the
biological functions they regulate.
-OIHE*(IVMFI=07OoRPERH777XMIKPMX^&+VEFFI'*VER^;EGLXIP1ZER;MNO7.0+SW[EQM
42EK]:8IV^MG.8SOYREKE*%RHVSYPMHEOM%2EOEKE[E84EWTEVEOMW1-[EM/7YRHFIVK.4
7GLEIJIV06MXXMRKIV/1EGIO&ERH(MOMG-
SHARPIN forms a linear ubiquitin ligase complex regulating NF-gB activity and apoptosis.
Nature 471
7IIVIJIVIRGIERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMW
KVSYTMR
69
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Peter Rosenthal
Cryomicroscopy of proteins, viruses and cells
0EFQIQFIVW0IWPI]'EPHIV8MQ+VERX.EQIW7XVIIXPI]7IFEWXMER;EWMPI[WOM
3YVKVSYTWXYHMIWXLIEVGLMXIGXYVISJPEVKITVSXIMREWWIQFPMIW
MRSVHIVXSYRHIVWXERHFEWMGQSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWXLEX
GSRXVSPTVSXIMRERHQIQFVERIXVEJ½GMRXLIGIPPERHMRZMVYW
MRJIGXMSR;IETTP]IPIGXVSRGV]SQMGVSWGST]ERHMQEKI
EREP]WMWXSWXYH]XLIWXVYGXYVISJTYVM½IHTVSXIMRGSQTPI\IW
MRJVSÎRWSPYXMSRERHIPIGXVSRGV]SXSQSKVETL]XSHMVIGXP]
MQEKIGIPPWMREJVSÎRL]HVEXIHWXEXITVSZMHMRKLMKLVIWSPYXMSR
MQEKIWSJGIPPEVGLMXIGXYVIEW[IPPEWWXVYGXYVEPMRJSVQEXMSR
SRTVSXIMRGSQTPI\IW in vivo;IEVIEPWS[SVOMRKXSMQTVSZI
I\TIVMQIRXEPQIXLSHWJSVLMKLVIWSPYXMSRMQEKMRKSJTVSXIMRW
ERHXSHIZIPSTRI[GSQTYXEXMSREPTVSGIHYVIWJSVMQEKI
EREP]WMW
;ILEZITIVJSVQIHLMKLVIWSPYXMSRGV]SQMGVSWGST]SJ
MR¾YIRÊZMVYWVIZIEPMRKXLIWXVYGXYVISJXLIZMVYWIRZIPSTI
ERHXLIMRXIVREPEVGLMXIGXYVISJXLIZMVYW;IEPWSWXYH]LS[
ZMVYWIWIRXIVGIPPWF]QIQFVERIJYWMSRERHLS[RI[TEVXMGPIW
EVIEWWIQFPIHERHVIPIEWIHF]FYHHMRKXLVSYKLXLILSWX
QIQFVERI-RSYVWXYHMIWSJGIPPEVGLMXIGXYVI[ILEZIFYMPX
WXVYGXYVEPQSHIPWJSV;IMFIP4EPEHIFSHMIW[LMGLEVIWXSVEKI
KVERYPIWJSVZSR;MPPIFVERHJEGXSVERHWXYH]XLIMVWXVYGXYVEP
GLERKIWHYVMRKI\SG]XSWMW
-QEKISJJVSÎRL]HVEXIHMR¾YIRÊZMVYW
Publications
&IVVMQER.%ERH6SWIRXLEP4&
Paraxial charge compensator for electron cryomicroscopy.
Ultramicroscopy 116
;EWMPI[WOM7'EPHIV0.+VERX8ERH6SWIRXLEP4&
(MWXVMFYXMSRSJWYVJEGIKP]GSTVSXIMRWSRMR¾YIRÊ%ZMVYWHIXIVQMRIHF]IPIGXVSR
cryotomography.
Vaccine 30
&IVVMQER.%0M7,I[PIXX0.;EWMPI[WOM7/MWOMR*2'EVXIV8,ERREL1.ERH6SWIRXLEP4&
7XVYGXYVEPSVKERMÊXMSRSJ;IMFIP4EPEHIFSHMIWVIZIEPIHF]GV]S)1SJZMXVM½IHIRHSXLIPMEP
cells.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:
70
Weibel-Palade bodies inside an endothelial cell.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYT
MR
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Structure
Steve Smerdon EMBO member
Structural biology of phosphorylation-dependent signalling in the cell cycle and DNA
0EFQIQFIVW.YPMI'PETTIVXSR3PMZIVHI4I]IV8SQ*PS[IV1SLEQIH-WQEMP3XXS/]VMIPIMW6MGLEVH0M.ER0PS]H7MQSR4IRRIPP
0EWWI7XEGL+VEGI=Y
8LIH]REQMGREXYVISJGIPPYPEVWMKREPPMRKTVSGIWWIWVIUYMVIWXLIQ
XSFIVETMHP]VIZIVWMFPIEGLEVEGXIVMWXMGXLEXMWKIRIVEPP]EGLMIZIH
XLVSYKLTVSXIMRTLSWTLSV]PEXMSR8LIVIWTSRWIXS(2%HEQEKI
MWQIHMEXIHF]EGEWGEHISJTLSWTLSV]PEXMSRXLEXSVMKMREXIWEXXLI
PIWMSRERHMWXVERWHYGIHXSIJJIGXSVQSPIGYPIWERHGSQTPI\IW
(IJIGXWMRXLITVIGMWMSRSJTLSWTLSV]PEXMSREVIETVMQEV]GEYWISJ
QER]GERGIVWERHSXLIVHMWIEWIW&]YRHIVWXERHMRKXLIQSPIGYPEV
FEWMWSJWTIGM½GMX][MXLMRE[IFSJVIKYPEXSV]MRXIVEGXMSRW[IGER
HIXIVQMRI[L]XLIWITVSGIWWIWVYREQSOERHQE]FIEFPIXS
HIWMKRHVYKWXSGSQFEXXLIWIIJJIGXW8SXLMWIRH[IJSGYWSRER
IQIVKMRKKVSYTSJTVSXIMRWERHQSHYPIWWYGLEW*SVOLIEH
EWWSGMEXIH*,%&6'%'XIVQMRYW&6'8ERH4SPSFS\
HSQEMRWXLEXJYRGXMSREWTLSWTLSV]PEXMSRHITIRHIRXEHETXSVWSV
WGEJJSPHMRKQSPIGYPIWMR7IV8LVOMREWITEXL[E]W
3YVVIGIRX[SVOLEWWLS[RLS[HMQIVMWEXMSRSJXLI*,%HSQEMR
SJE(2%HEQEKIGLIGOTSMRXQIHMEXSV1HGI\IVXWEVERKISJ
TSWMXMZIERHRIKEXMZIVIKYPEXSV]IJJIGXWSRFMRHMRKJYRGXMSR8LMW
QE]TSXIRXMEPP]FIOI]XSTVSGIWWIWXLEXIWXEFPMWLXLIGLIGOTSMRX
JSPPS[MRKHEQEKIERHXLIREPPS[GLIGOTSMRXVIGSZIV]JSPPS[MRK
VITEMV;SVOMRK[MXL*YQMOS)WEWLM´WPEFMR3\JSVH[ILEZIFIIR
EFPIXSWLS[LS[4POTVMQIW'/TLSWTLSV]PEXMSRSJERSZIP
VIKYPEXSV]WMXIMR6EHXLEXYPXMQEXIP]VIGVYMXW2FWXSWMXIWSJ
LSQSPSKSYWVIGSQFMREXMSRVITEMV
A model for Rad51 recruitment to DNA-breaks.
Publications
.YRKQMGLIP7'PETTIVXSR.%0PS]H.,EVM*.7T]GLIV'4EZMG00M.,EMVI0*
&SREPPM10EVWIR(,0YOEW'0YOEW.1EGQMPPER(2MIPWIR107XYGOM1ERH
7QIVHSR7.
The molecular basis of ATM-dependent dimerization of the Mdc1 DNA damage
checkpoint mediator.
Nucleic Acids Research 40
=EXE/0PS]H.1EWPIR7&PIY]EVH.=7OILIP17QIVHSR7.ERH)WEWLM*
Plk1 and CK2 act in concert to regulate Rad51 during DNA double strand
break repair.
Molecular Cell 45
ATM-dependent Mdc1 FHA dimerisation regulates interactions crucial for
DNA-damage signalling.
0PS]H.'LETQER.6'PETTIVXSR.%,EMVI0*,EVXWYMOIV)0M.'EVV%1.EGOWSR
74ERH7QIVHSR7.
A supramodular FHA/BRCT-repeat architecture mediates Nbs1 adaptor
function in response to DNA damage.
Cell 139
71
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Molecular Sructure
Ian Taylor
Macromolecular assemblies
0EFQIQFIVW0EYVIRGI%VRSPH2IMP&EPP:EPIVMI)RRMW%HIRMVER0EYVE6SFIVXWSR(EZMH7GL[IJIP
1ER]SJXLIJYRHEQIRXEPTVSGIWWIWGEVVMIHSYX[MXLMRPMZMRK
GIPPWEVIHMVIGXIHF]QEGVSQSPIGYPEVEWWIQFPMIWSJTVSXIMR
ERHRYGPIMGEGMHQSPIGYPIWSJXIRVIJIVVIHXSEW±QSPIGYPEV
QEGLMRIW²1EPJYRGXMSRSJEQSPIGYPEVQEGLMRIVIWYPXMRKMR
XLIFVIEOHS[RSJERSVQEPGIPPYPEVTVSGIWWMWXLIGEYWISJ
QER]LYQERGERGIVWHIZIPSTQIRXEPHIJIGXWRIYVSPSKMGEP
HMWSVHIVWERHSXLIVGSRKIRMXEPHMWIEWIWXEXIW-RSVHIVXS
TVIZIRXGSQFEXSVVITEMVHIJIGXWXLEXPIEHXSHMWIEWIMXMWZMXEP
XLEX[IYRHIVWXERHLS[XLIQEGVSQSPIGYPEVGSQTSRIRXW
SJQSPIGYPEVQEGLMRIWEWWIQFPIJYRGXMSRERHGSSTIVEXI
[MXLSRIERSXLIVMRSVHIVXSGEVV]SYXGSQTPI\FMSPSKMGEP
TVSGIWWIW
8SYRHIVWXERHLS[QSPIGYPEVQEGLMRIWJYRGXMSRERHTIVJSVQ
XLIMVFMSPSKMGEPXEWO[IWXYH]QSPIGYPEVEWWIQFPMIWF]ETTP]MRK
WXVYGXYVEPFMSTL]WMGEPERHFMSGLIQMGEPQIXLSHSPSKMIW8LIWI
ETTVSEGLIWEPPS[YWXSHMWWIGXEQEGVSQSPIGYPEVGSQTPI\
ZMWYEPMWIXLIGSQTSRIRXWERHI\EQMRIXLIMRXIVEGXMSRW
FIX[IIRXLIQSPIGYPIWXLEXQEOIYTXLIGSQTPI\'YVVIRX
TVSNIGXWMRGPYHIWXVYGXYVEPERHFMSTL]WMGEPWXYHMIWSJ
GSQTPI\IWXLEXQIHMEXIXVERWGVMTXMSREPIPSRKEXMSRÍRH
TVSGIWWMRKERHTSP]EHIR]PEXMSREREP]WMWSJXLIMRXIVEGXMSRSJ
XLIVIXVSZMVEPGETWMH[MXLLSWXJEGXSVWERHWXVYGXYVEPWXYHMIWSJ
LSWXGIPPERXMVIXVSZMVEPVIWXVMGXMSRJEGXSVW
Left, the structure of the RELIK capsid (blue) bound to the host cell factor
CypA (green). Details of the RELIK-CypA molecular interface are shown on the
right.
Publications
+SPHWXSRI(')RRMW%HIRMVER:,IHHIR..+VSSQ,'86MGI+-'LVMWXSHSYPSY);EPOIV4%/IPP]+
,EMVI0*=ET1;HI'EVZEPLS047XS]I.4'VS[=.8E]PSV-%ERH;IFF1
HIV-1 restriction factor SAMHD1 is a deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase.
Nature 480
,MPHMXGL01EXEHIIR6+SPHWXSRI('6SWIRXLEP4&8E]PSV-%ERH7XS]I.4
3VHIVIHEWWIQFP]SJQYVMRIPIYOIQMEZMVYWGETWMHTVSXIMRSRPMTMHRERSXYFIWHMVIGXWWTIGM½GFMRHMRK
by the restriction factor, Fv1.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108¯
+SPHWXSRI('=ET1;6SFIVXWSR0),EMVI0*8E]PSV;6/EX^SYVEOMW%7XS]I.4ERH8E]PSV-%
Structural and functional analysis of prehistoric lentiviruses uncovers an ancient molecular interface.
Cell Host & Microbe 8
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQ
XLMWKVSYTMR
72
Left, structure of the HIV-1 restriction factor SAMHD1 with bound dGTP. The
molecular details of the linkage between the allosteric and active sites are shown
on the right.
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Willie Taylor
Protein structure analysis and design
0EFQIQFIVW1MGLEIP(SVER/EXEV^]RE1EOWMQMEO1MGLEIP7EHS[WOM
4VSXIMRWEVIXLIQEMRIWWIRXMEPEGXMZIEKIRXWMRFMSPSK]
ERH[MXLSYXXLIQEPQSWXRSRISJXLITVSGIWWIWXLEX[I
EWWSGMEXI[MXLPMJI[SYPHXEOITPEGI4VSXIMRWIREGXXLIMV
XEWOWRSXEWXLIPMRIEVWIUYIRGISJEQMRSEGMHWXLEXHI½IW
XLIMVYRMUYIRIWWFYXQSVIX]TMGEPP]EWEGSQTEGXXLVII
HMQIRWMSREPWXVYGXYVI-XMWXLIEMQSJQ]KVSYTXSXV]XS
YRHIVWXERHXLIVIPEXMSRWLMTFIX[IIRXLITVSXIMRWIUYIRGI
ERHMXWWXVYGXYVIERHLIRGIMXWJYRGXMSR
;ILEZIHIZIPSTIHEQYPXMPIZIPVITVIWIRXEXMSRSJ
TVSXIMRWXVYGXYVIMR[LMGLGSRWXVEMRXWGERFIETTPMIH
FSXLFIX[IIRWIGSRHEV]WXVYGXYVIIPIQIRXW77)WERH
KVSYTWSJ77)WHSQEMRW[MXLFSXLPIZIPWMRXIVEGXMRK8LMW
VITVIWIRXEXMSRMWWMQTPIIRSYKLXSEPPS[PEVKITVSXIMR
GSQTPI\IWXSFIVITVIWIRXIHERHWMQYPEXIHSREPETXST
GSQTYXIV-RGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL.YWXMR1SPPS][IYWIH
SYVVIHYGIHVITVIWIRXEXMSRXSQSHIPXLIH]REQMGWSJE
Q]SWMR:HMQIVFSYRHXSEREGXMR½FVI*MKYVITEVXEERH
6IJ8LIETTVSEGLLEWWMRGIFIIRKIRIVEPMWIHXSEPPS[
QYPXMTPIPIZIPWERHMWRSXPMQMXIHXSQSHIPPMRKTVSXIMRW[MXL
EVIGIRXETTPMGEXMSRFIMRKXSWMQYPEXITSTYPEXMSRWSJGIPPW
*MKYVITEVXFERH6IJ%W[IPPEWXLIWIHVMZIRW]WXIQW
XLIQSHIPPMRKXSSPWLSYPHFIIUYEPP]ETTPMGEFPIXSTEWWMZI
W]WXIQWWYGLEWKYMHMRKXLIEWWIQFP]SJHSQEMRWTVIHMGXIH
YWMRKTVIHMGXIHGSRXEGXW6IJERHWMKREPPMRKRIX[SVOWMR
TEVXMGYPEVXLSWI[LIVIWTEXMEPI\GPYWMSRMWMQTSVXERX
Publications
/EXWMQMXWSYPME>ERH8E]PSV;6
Coarse-grained simulation of myosin-V movement.
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 781456
7EHS[WOM1-
Prediction of protein domain boundaries from inverse covariances.
Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics 81
8E]PSV;61SVPI]6/VEWEZMR%+VIKSV]0;MPOMRWSR(+ERH4SPMEOSZ%
A mechanical model of cell segregation driven by differential adhesion.
PLOS ONE 7I
Simulations made with the multi-level modelling program: a) a myosin-V
dimer (red) on a circular track of actin (green). Secondary structure
elements are short rods and domains are spheres: b) The same program
simulating the segregation of Eph/ephrin expressing cells.
73
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Martin Webb
The molecular mechanisms of motor proteins
0EFQIQFIVW'PEYHME%VFSVI0MMWE'LMWX]'SPMR(EZMW7MQSRI/YRÎPQERR+SVHSR6IMH.IV^]7EQSPIN0IWPI]7SYXLIVHIR
1SZIQIRXSJTVSXIMRWEPSRK(2%MWERIWWIRXMEPJIEXYVISJGIPPW
JSVI\EQTPISGGYVVMRKHYVMRK(2%VITPMGEXMSRERHVITEMV,IPMGEWIW
EVIIR^]QIWXLEXQSZIEPSRKHSYFPIWXVERHIH(2%WITEVEXMRKXLI
WXVERHWWSQEOMRKXLIQEZEMPEFPIJSVJYVXLIVTVSGIWWMRK*SVGSVVIGX
GIPPQEMRXIRERGIERHHMZMWMSRMXMWIWWIRXMEPXLEXXLIVIMWXMKLXGSRXVSP
SJWYGLTVSGIWWMRK;IEVIMRXIVIWXIHMRXLIQIGLERMWQERHGSRXVSP
SJWYGLTVSGIWWIW;IEVIHIZIPSTMRKRI[STXMGEPETTVSEGLIWWYGLEW
VIEKIRXPIWWFMSWIRWSVWFSXLXSWXYH]XLMWQSZIQIRXEPSRK(2%FYX
EPWSXSHIZIPSTEWWE]WJSVE[MHIVERKISJIR^]QEXMGEGXMZMXMIW
3YVLIPMGEWITVSNIGXEMQWXSYRHIVWXERHEGSQTPIXIW]WXIQMR[LMGL
XLILIPMGEWIMRXIVEGXW[MXLSXLIVTVSXIMRWEW[IPPEWQSZMRKXLVSYKL
(2%;IEVIMRZIWXMKEXMRKXLIVITPMGEXMSRSJGIVXEMRTPEWQMHWXLEX
GSRXEMRERXMFMSXMGVIWMWXERGIKIRIWERHXLEXEVIVIEHMP]XVERWJIVVIH
FIX[IIRFEGXIVME7YGLVITPMGEXMRKTPEWQMHWGSRXEMREWTIGM½GHSYFPI
WXVERHIHSVMKMRSJVITPMGEXMSRERHEVIFSYRH[MXLEVITPMGEXMSR
MRMXMEXMSRJEGXSV6IT(LIPMGEWIERHTSP]QIVEWI&]GSRWXVYGXMRKXLMW
system in vitro[IWXYH]XLIVSPIERHQIGLERMWQSJIEGLGSQTSRIRX
8LIHIZIPSTQIRXSJFMSWIRWSVWLEWMRGPYHIHSRIJSV%(4SV+(4
XLEXMWWYMXEFPIJSVVIEPXMQIEWWE]WERHLMKLXLVSYKLTYXETTVSEGLIW
Publications
%VFSVI'0I[MW01ERH;IFF16
The kinetic mechanism of initiation by RepD as part of
asymmetric, rolling circle plasmid unwinding.
Biochemistry 51¯
/YRÎPQERR7ERH;IFF16
Fluorescent detection of GDP in real time with the reagentless
biosensor, rhodamine-ParM.
Biochemical Journal 440
>LSY6/YRÎPQERR7;IFF16ERH,E8
Detecting intramolecular conformational dynamics of single
molecules in short distance range with subnanometer sensitivity.
Nano letters 11
4PEWQMHYR[MRHMRKF]4GV%LIPMGEWIERHMRMXMEXSVTVSXIMR6IT(QIEWYVIHYWMRK¾YSVIWGIRX77&ERH
single molecule TIRFM. A. Experimental arrangement. B. Fluorescent spots development as SSB binds
exposed single-stranded DNA. (Collaboration with Justin Molloy).
74
Neurosciences
Developmental Neurobiology
David Wilkinson (Head of Division)
Siew-Lan Ang
Molecular Neurobiology
François Guillemot (Head of Division)
Vassilis Pachnis
Iris Salecker
Neurophysiology
Troy Margrie (Head of Division)
Denis Burdakov
Physiology and Metabolism
Alex Gould (Head of Division)
Dimitrios Anastasiou
75
NEUROSCIENCES
Cancer metabolism
'ERGIVGIPPWYXMPMWIRYXVMIRXWMREHMWXMRGXQERRIVGSQTEVIHXSQSWX
RSVQEPGIPPW8LMWTLIRSQIRSRVI¾IGXWMRTEVXERMRGVIEWIHHIQERH
JSVGIPPYPEVFYMPHMRKFPSGOWXSWYTTSVXTVSPMJIVEXMSREW[IPPEWERIIH
XSHIEP[MXLXLIYRMUYIGLEPPIRKIWXLEXGERGIVGIPPWJEGIJVSQXLIMV
IRZMVSRQIRX1]PEFMWMRZIWXMKEXMRKXLIQSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWXLEX
YRHIVPMIXLIGLEVEGXIVMWXMGQIXEFSPMWQSJXYQSYVW-EQJYVXLIV
MRXIVIWXIHMRYRHIVWXERHMRKLS[XLIQIXEFSPMGJIEXYVIWSJMRHMZMHYEP
GIPPX]TIW[MXLMRXLIXYQSYVRMGLIMR¾YIRGIGERGIVHIZIPSTQIRX
8LIWIWXYHMIWEVIGSQTPIQIRXIHF]WXVYGXYVIFEWIHHIWMKRSJ
QSPIGYPEVFMSWIRWSVWXSTVSFIQIXEFSPMWQin vivoEXXLIWMRKPIGIPP
PIZIP
3RIEWTIGXSJQ]VIGIRX[SVOLEWJSGYWIHSRXLIKP]GSP]XMG
IR^]QI4/1-WLS[IHXLEX4/1LIPTWGERGIVGIPPWWYVZMZIYRHIV
S\MHEXMZIWXVIWWIPMGMXIHF]PS[S\]KIRGSRGIRXVEXMSRWL]TS\MEE
GSRHMXMSRSJXIRIRGSYRXIVIHMRXYQSYVWF]EPXIVMRKXLI[E]XLI]
QIXEFSPMÎKPYGSWI7QEPPQSPIGYPIEGXMZEXSVWSJ4/1HMWVYTXXLMW
TVSGIWWXSMQTIHITVSPMJIVEXMSRERHWIRWMXMWIGERGIVWXSS\MHERX
MRHYGIHHIEXL1]VIWYPXWMRHMGEXIXLEXEGXMZEXMSRSJ4/1GSYPHFI
EYWIJYPXLIVETIYXMGETTVSEGLJSVEFVSEHWTIGXVYQSJGERGIVWERH
WYKKIWXGPMRMGEPWIXXMRKW[LIVI4/1EGXMZEXSVWGSYPHFIIJJIGXMZIP]
GSQFMRIH[MXLI\MWXMRKHVYKWXSMQTVSZIXLIMVXLIVETIYXMGTSXIRXMEP
Re-programming of glucose metabolism supports antioxidant
responses following oxidative stress. PKM2 activators abrogate this
homeostatic mechanism.
Publications
%REWXEWMSY(ERH'ERXPI]0'
Breathless cancer cells get fat on glutamine.
Cell Research 22
%REWXEWMSY(=Y=-WVEIPWIR;..MERK./&S\IV1&,SRK&78IQTIP;(MQSZ77LIR1.LE%=ERK
,1EXXEMRM/61IXEPPS'1*MWOI&4'SYVXRI]/(1EPWXVSQ7/LER81/YRK'7OSYQFSYVHMW
%4:IMXL,7SYXLEPP2;EPWL1.&VMQEGSQFI/60IMWXIV;0YRX7=.SLRWSR>6=IR/)/YRMM/
(EZMHWSR71'LVMWXSJO,6%YWXMR'4-RKPIWI.,EVVMW1,%WEVE.17XITLERSTSYPSW+7EPMXYVS
*+.MR7(ERK0%YPH(74EVO,;'ERXPI]0'8LSQEW'.ERH:ERHIV,IMHIR1+
Pyruvate kinase M2 activators promote tetramer formation and suppress tumorigenesis.
Nature Chemical Biology 8:
%REWXEWMSY(4SYPSKMERRMW+%WEVE.1&S\IV1&.MERK./7LIR1&IPPMRKIV+7EWEOM%80SGEWEPI
.;%YPH(78LSQEW'.:ERHIV,IMHIR1+ERH'ERXPI]0'
Inhibition of pyruvate kinase M2 by reactive oxygen species contributes to cellular antioxidant
responses.
Science 334
76
Structure of PKM2 showing the distinct binding pockets of the natural
allosteric activator, FBP and a synthetic one, DASA-2. (PDBID:3GQY).
NEUROSCIENCES
Siew-Lan Ang
2IYVSREPWYFX]TIWTIGM½GEXMSRMRXLIQMHFVEMRERHL]TSXLEPEQYW
0EFQIQFIVW2IEP%RXL[EP/EQEP&SYLEPM7YÊRRI'PE\XSR7LEFERE/LER;IM0MR)QQERSYMP1IXÊOSTMER%RRE8VYGOIRFVSHX
8LIQEQQEPMERQMHFVEMRERHL]TSXLEPEQYWGSRXEMRQER]X]TIWSJ
RIYVSRWXLEXVIKYPEXIZSPYRXEV]QSZIQIRXERHIRIVK]LSQISWXEWMW
VIWTIGXMZIP],S[XLIHMJJIVIRXX]TIWSJRIYVSRWEVIKIRIVEXIH
ERHEVI[MVIHMRXSJYRGXMSREPGMVGYMXWVIQEMRWEGIRXVEPUYIWXMSRMR
HIZIPSTQIRXEPRIYVSFMSPSK];IWXYH]LS[RIYVEPTVSKIRMXSVWMR
XLIFVEMRKMZIVMWIXSQMHFVEMRHSTEQMRIVKMGQ(%RIYVSRWERH
L]TSXLEPEQMGRIYVSRWMRZSPZIHMRVIKYPEXMRKJIIHMRK3YV½RHMRKWLEZI
HMVIGXQIHMGEPVIPIZERGIWMRGIPSWWSJQ(%RIYVSRWMWXLILEPPQEVOSJ
4EVOMRWSR´WHMWIEWIERHH]WJYRGXMSRSJJIIHMRKGMVGYMXWMRXLIFVEMRGER
PIEHXSSFIWMX]MRLYQERW
;IGYVVIRXP]JSGYWSRYRHIVWXERHMRKLS[XLIHIZIPSTQIRXEP
TVSKVEQQIWXLEXWTIGMJ]GIPPX]TIMHIRXMX]TVSZMHIEFPYITVMRXJSV
HI½RMRKGSRRIGXMZMX]TEXXIVRW[LMGLYRHIVPMIHMWXMRGXERMQEPFILEZMSYVW
We use mouse embryos and in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic
WXIQGIPPWXSMHIRXMJ]KIRIWXLEXVIKYPEXIXLIWTIGM½GEXMSRHMJJIVIRXMEXMSR
ERH[MVMRKSJQ(%RIYVSRWERHEVGYEXITVSSTMSQIPERSGSVXMRERH
RIYVSTITXMHI=3YVI\TIVMQIRXEPETTVSEGLIWMRGPYHIEGSQFMREXMSR
SJIQFV]SPSKMGEPKIRIXMGQSPIGYPEVERHKIRSQMGETTVSEGLIWMRGPYHMRK
KIRIXMGJEXIQETTMRKWXYHMIW
RYPPERHGSRHMXMSREPQYXERX
QMGIFVEMRWPMGIGYPXYVI
IPIGXVSTL]WMSPSKMGEPVIGSVHMRKW
FMSGLIQMGEPERHXVERWGVMTXSQI
EREP]WIW8LIWIWXYHMIW[MPP
TVSZMHIMRWMKLXWMRXSLS[
IQFV]SRMGKIRII\TVIWWMSR
PIEHWXSQEXYVIRIYVSREP
TLIRSX]TIW
Molecularly distinct dopaminergic neurons in the
midbrain of an adult mouse labelled with different
¾YSVSGLVSQIW:8%ZIRXVEPXIKQIRXEPEVIE
Publications
1IXÊOSTMER)0MR;7EPQSR(MZSR1(ZMRKI,%RHIVWWSR))VMGWSR.4IVPQERR8;LMXWIXX.%&IVXSRI4ERH%RK70
+IRSQI[MHIGLEVEGXIVMÊXMSRSJ*S\EXEVKIXWVIZIEPWYTVIKYPEXMSRSJ¾SSVTPEXIKIRIWERHVITVIWWMSRSJZIRXVSPEXIVEPKIRIWMR
midbrain dopaminergic progenitors.
Development 139
4IPPMRK1%RXL[EP21G2E](+VEH[SLP+0IMXIV%&+YMPPIQSX*ERH%RK70
Differential requirements for neurogenin 3 in the development of POMC and NPY neurons in the hypothalamus.
Developmental Biology 349
Working model of gene regulatory network
involved in specifying midbrain dopaminergic
neuron progenitor identity.
=ER',0IZIWUYI1'PE\XSR7.SLRWSR60ERH%RK70
0Q\E ERH 0Q\F JYRGXMSR GSSTIVEXMZIP] XS VIKYPEXI TVSPMJIVEXMSR WTIGM½GEXMSR ERH HMJJIVIRXMEXMSR SJ QMHFVEMR HSTEQMRIVKMG
progenitors.
Journal of Neuroscience 31
77
NEUROSCIENCES
Neurophysiology
Denis Burdakov
Intercellular signalling logic in brain and metabolic orchestration
0EFQIQFIVW'VEMK&PSQIP]7EVEL'EMRW'IHVMG*EYVI%RXSRMS+SRÊPI^'SRRM7GL}RI
,S[HSSVKERMWQWGSQFMRIH]REQMGI\MWXIRGI[MXLWXEFPILIEPXL#
;LEXGSQTSRIRXWEVIVIUYMVIHWIRWSVWXVERWMWXSVWPSKMGKEXIWERH
TVIHMGXSVW#;LEXEVIXLIMVFMSPSKMGEPGSVVIPEXIW#,S[MWXLIMVJYRGXMSR
SVGLIWXVEXIHXSEGLMIZIYRMX]SJTYVTSWIERHEZSMHQEPJYRGXMSR#;I
EHHVIWWXLIWIJYRHEQIRXEPUYIWXMSRWMRX[SEVIEWFVEMRWXEXIGSRXVSP
ERHQIXEFSPMGFEPERGIMRQEQQEPW2SXSRP]EVIXLIWIEVIEWSJQIHMGEP
VIPIZERGISRIMRJSYVTISTPIWYJJIVJVSQSFIWMX]ERHSVMRWSQRMEXLI]
EVIEPWSEQIREFPIXSQSHIVRXSSPWJSVSFWIVZEXMSRERHQERMTYPEXMSR
8STVSFIXLIJYRGXMSREPPSKMGSJJEWXMRXIVEGXMSRWFIX[IIRGIPPW[IYWI
STXSKIRIXMGXSSPWJSVQMPPMWIGSRHGSRXVSPSJWMKREPWJVSQWTIGM½GRIYVSREP
X]TIW;I[SVO[MXLXVERWKIRMGQSYWIQSHIPWERHWSQIXMQIW[MXL
GSQTYXIVWMQYPEXIHZMVXYEPGIPPWERHGIPPW]WXIQW3RKSMRKTVSNIGXWEPWS
YWIMQEKMRKIPIGXVSTL]WMSPSK]EREXSQMGEPXVEGMRKMQQYRSPEFIPPMRKERH
[LSPIFSH]TL]WMSPSKMGEPEWWE]WXSI\TPSVIGPSWIP]MRXIVVIPEXIHXLIQIW
'IPPWERHQIGLERMWQWJSVMRXIVREPFSH]WXEXIWIRWMRK
6IKYPEXMSRSJ½VMRKTEXXIVRWERHXVERWQMXXIVVIPIEWIMR
brain circuits
-RTYXSYXTYXTVSTIVXMIWSJW]RETWIWGIPPWERHGMVGYMXW
1IXEFSPMGGLIQMGEPERHIPIGXVMGEPWMKREPPMRKMRXLIL]TSXLEPEQYW
&VEMRERHFVEMRCbody orchestration
%PXIVEXMSRWMRHMWSVHIVWSJFVEMRJYRGXMSRERHQIXEFSPMGFEPERGI
Genetic targeting of
“light-switches” such
as excitatory ion
channel ChR2 makes
it possible to establish
the consequences
of millisecond-scale
changes in
HI½RIHIPIQIRXWSJ
vital neurocircuits.
Publications
7GL}RI''ES>*,%TIVKMW7GLSYXI.%HEQERXMHMW%7EOYVEM8ERH&YVHEOSZ(
Optogenetic probing of fast glutamatergic transmission from hypocretin/orexin to histamine neurons in situ.
Widely-projecting orx and MCH neurons regulate
sleep and energy balance, and are themselves regulated by
ambient glucose.
/EVRERM11%TIVKMW7GLSYXI.%HEQERXMHMW%.IRWIR08HI0IGIE0*YKKIV0ERH&YVHEOSZ(
Activation of central orexin/hypocretin neurons by dietary amino acids.
Neuron 72
;MPPMEQW6,.IRWIR08:IVOLVEXWO]%*YKKIV0ERH&YVHEOSZ(
Control of hypothalamic orexin neurons by acid and CO2.
78
NEUROSCIENCES
Alex Gould
Regulation of growth and metabolism
0EFQIQFIVW%RHVI[&EMPI])MREX'MRREQSR'PEVE*SRW6EQM1EOOM4ERE]SXMW4EGLRMW*EFVMGI4VMR4EXVMGME7IVTIRXI
-VMRE7XIJERE:ERIWWE8M\MIV
%PPSVKERMWQWVIKYPEXIXLIMVKVS[XLEGGSVHMRKXSMRXIVREPKIRIXMGTVSKVEQQIW
ERHXLIEZEMPEFMPMX]SJRYXVMIRXWJVSQXLIIRZMVSRQIRX%WLYQERERHSXLIVERMQEP
IQFV]SWHIZIPSTXLI]MRGVIEWIMRWMÎHVEQEXMGEPP];I[MWLXSMHIRXMJ]XLIRYXVMXMSREP
JEGXSVWERHKIRIXMGRIX[SVOWXLEXTVSQSXIKVS[XLHYVMRKHIZIPSTQIRXERHIUYEPP]
MQTSVXERXP]XLSWIXLEXWLYXMXHS[RMREHYPXLSSH8LMWVIWIEVGLEPWSEMQWXSWLIHPMKLX
SRXLIGSQTPI\MRXIVEGXMSRWFIX[IIRRYXVMXMSRERHXLIKIRIWMR¾YIRGMRKKVS[XL
QIXEFSPMWQERHGERGIV
;IEVIGYVVIRXP]MRZIWXMKEXMRKLS[JIXEPQEPRYXVMXMSRHMJJIVIRXMEPP]EJJIGXWXLIKVS[XL
SJFSH]SVKERW1YGLSJSYVVIWIEVGLMRXLMWEVIEYWIWXLIJVYMX¾]DrosophilaEQSHIP
SVKERMWQXLEXWLEVIWQER]KIRIW[MXLQEQQEPW;IVIGIRXP]MHIRXM½IHEQIXEFSPMG
KIRIRIX[SVOIRWYVMRKXLEXXLIKVS[XLSJXLIFVEMRMWWTEVIHSZIVXLEXSJSXLIV
SVKERW[LIRRYXVMIRXWFIGSQIPMQMXMRK%XXLILIEVXSJXLMWRIX[SVOMW%RETPEWXMG
0]QTLSQE/MREWIEVIGITXSVXLEXMWI\TVIWWIHMRRIYVEPWXIQGIPPWMRXLILIEPXL]
KVS[MRKFVEMRFYXMWEPWSEFRSVQEPP]L]TIVEGXMZEXIHMRGIVXEMRJEWXKVS[MRKGERGIVW
8SZMWYEPMWIERHXSUYERXMJ]QIXEFSPMWQMRWMHIMRHMZMHYEPGIPPW[MXLERYRTVIGIRHIRXIH
WTEXMEPVIWSPYXMSR[ILEZIEPWSFIIRHIZIPSTMRKERI[QIXLSHSPSK]GEPPIHQYPXM
MWSXSTIMQEKMRKQEWWWTIGXVSQIXV]1-17
Comparison of confocal microscope and multi-isotope imaging
mass spectrometry (MIMS) images of lipid droplets inside Drosophila
adipocytes (n indicates nucleus).
Publications
7XIMRLEYWIV10&EMPI]%47IR]S7)+YMPPIVQMIV'4IVPWXIMR87+SYPH%40II68ERH0IGLIRI'4
1YPXMMWSXSTIMQEKMRKQEWWWTIGXVSQIXV]UYERXM½IWWXIQGIPPHMZMWMSRERHQIXEFSPMWQ
Nature 481
'LIRK0=&EMPI]%40IIZIVW7.6EKER8.(VMWGSPP4'ERH+SYPH%4
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase spares organ growth during nutrient restriction in Drosophila.
Cell 146
7SYWE2YRIW6=II00ERH+SYPH%4
Fat cells reactivate quiescent neuroblasts via TOR and glial insulin relays in Drosophila.
Nature 471
1-17UYERXM½GEXMSRSJHMIXEV]JEX13C-palmitate)
incorporation into the lipid droplets of Drosophila
adipocytes (fat body) or enterocytes (gut) during
24 hour (h).
79
NEUROSCIENCES
François Guillemot
Genomic and functional analysis of neurogenesis
0EFQIQFIVW%RKIPMOM%GLMQEWXSY.MQIRE%RHIVWIR6SFIVXE%^ÊVM0ER'LIR4EXVMGME+EVGI^7IFEWXMIR+MPPSXMR%]EOS-XS
&IR1EVX]RSKE'VMWXMRE1MRMIVM/SNM3MWLM2SIPME9VFER(IFFMIZERHIR&IVK&IRR]=ERK
2IYVEPWXIQGIPPWMRXLIHIZIPSTMRKERHEHYPXFVEMRTVSHYGI
EZEWXEVVE]SJRIYVSRW[LMGLQMKVEXIXSWTIGM½GPSGEXMSRW
[LIVIXLI]MRXIKVEXIMRXSJYRGXMSREPGMVGYMXW8LMWTVSGIWWSJ
RIYVSKIRIWMWMRZSPZIWXLITVSKVIWWMSRSJRIYVSREPTVIGYVWSVW
XLVSYKLEWYGGIWWMSRSJGIPPYPEVWXITWSJTVSPMJIVEXMSRQMKVEXMSR
ERHHMJJIVIRXMEXMSR;IWXYH]XLIKIRIXMGTVSKVEQQIWXLEX
VIKYPEXIERHGSSVHMREXIXLIWIHMJJIVIRXWXITWMRXLIIQFV]SRMG
ERHEHYPXQSYWIFVEMR;IYWIKIRSQMGETTVSEGLIWXSMHIRXMJ]
XLIKIRIXMGTEXL[E]WMRZSPZIHMRRIYVSKIRIWMWERHJYRGXMSREP
EWWE]WXSHIXIVQMRIXLIGSRXVMFYXMSRSJMRHMZMHYEPKIRIWXSXLI
HMJJIVIRXWXITWMRXLMWTVSGIWW
2I[RIYVSRWEVIEHHIHXSXLIEHYPXLMTTSGEQTYW[LIVIXLI]
LEZIMQTSVXERXVSPIWMRQIQSV]JSVQEXMSR8LIWXIQGIPPW
XLEXKIRIVEXIXLIWIRI[RIYVSRWFIGSQIUYMIWGIRXMREKIMRK
ERMQEPW[LMGLQMKLXGSRXVMFYXIXSPSWWSJGSKRMXMZIJYRGXMSRW
MRSPHEKI;ILEZIYWIHRIYVEPWXIQGIPPGYPXYVIWXSWXYH]XLI
QSPIGYPEVGSRXVSPSJWXIQGIPPUYMIWGIRGIERHHMZMWMSRW9WMRK
XLMWQSHIP[ILEZIWLS[RXLEXXLIXVERWGVMTXMSRJEGXSV%WGP
TVSQSXIWWXIQGIPPHMZMWMSRW'EWXVSIXEP[LMPIJEGXSVW
SJXLI2*-JEQMP]VIKYPEXIQYPXMTPIEWTIGXWSJXLIUYMIWGIRXWXEXI
MRRIYVEPWXIQGIPPW
Publications
'EWXVS(71EVX]RSKE&4EVVEW'6EQIWL:4EGEV])
.SLRWXSR'(VIGLWIP(0IFIP4SXXIV1+EVGME0+,YRX
'(SPPI(&MXLIPP%)XX[MPPIV0&YGOPI]2ERH+YMPPIQSX
*
A novel function of the proneural factor Ascl1 in progenitor
TVSPMJIVEXMSRMHIRXM½IHF]KIRSQI[MHIGLEVEGXIVMÊXMSR
of its targets.
Genes & Development 25
4EGEV]),IRK.%^ÊVIPPM66MSY4'EWXVS(0IFIP4SXXIV
14EVVEW'&IPP(16MHPI]%.4EVWSRW1ERH+YMPPIQSX
*
Proneural transcription factors regulate different steps of
cortical neuron migration through Rnd-mediated inhibition
of RhoA signaling.
Neuron 69
Cultured neural stem cells induced into
quiescence by Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4
and stained for the stem cell markers GFAP
(green) and nestin (red) and the nuclear
marker Dapi (blue).
80
MRC National
National Institute
Institute for
for Medical
Medical Research
Research
MRC
Heatmap showing genomic regions in
activated and quiescent neural stem cells that
have characteristics of active enhancers as
shown by the high levels of the histone mark
acetylation of H3K27.
,IRK.-82KY]IR0'EWXVS(7>MQQIV';MPHRIV,
%VQERX37OS[VSRWOE/VE[G^]O(&IHSKRM*1EXXIV.1
,IZRIV6ERH+YMPPIQSX*
Neurogenin 2 controls cortical neuron migration through
regulation of Rnd2.
Nature 455
NEUROSCIENCES
Neurophysiology
Troy Margrie
Sensory processing in single cells, circuits and behavior
0EFQIQFIVW)H&VEGI]%PI\&VS[R'LVMWXMER2MIH[SVSO)HI6ERG^'LEVP]6SYWWIEY%RNE7GLQEPX^1SPP]7XVSQ1EXIS:IPI^*SVX
8LIFIRI½XSJHIXIGXMRKERHEGGYVEXIP]VIGSKRMWMRKSFNIGXW
MRXLII\XIVREP[SVPHLEWFIIREOI]HVMZIVSJXLIIZSPYXMSR
SJXLIGIRXVEPRIVZSYWW]WXIQ8LIRIYVSREPFEWMWSJ
sensory representation in the brain therefore underpins
LS[[IQEOIWIRWISJXLI[SVPHEVSYRHYWSYVEFMPMX]XS
WSPZITVSFPIQWERHVIQIQFIVTEWXI\TIVMIRGIW3YVPEF
MWJSGYWIHSRYRHIVWXERHMRKXLIJYRHEQIRXEPGIPPYPEVERH
RIX[SVOFEWIHQIGLERMWQWXLEXYRHIVPMIXLIWIJYRGXMSRW
;IEVITEVXMGYPEVP]MRXIVIWXIHMRIWXEFPMWLMRKXLII\XIRXXS
[LMGLKIRIVMGGMVGYMXWEVIYWIHXSSVGLIWXVEXIXLMWTVSGIWW
ERHXLIFMSTL]WMGEPTVSTIVXMIWSJRIYVSRWIQFIHHIHMR
XLIWIRIX[SVOWEVIQSHYPEXIHERHSTXMQMWIHXSTIVJSVQ
WTIGM½GWIRWSV]GSQTYXEXMSRW
We wish to understand how the brain uses the activity of
MRHMZMHYEPRIYVSRWERHGSPPIGXMSRWSJRIYVSRWXSIRGSHI
WIRWSV]WXMQYPM8SEGLMIZIXLMW[IYWIEXSTHS[R
QYPXMHMWGMTPMREV]ETTVSEGLXLEXEPPS[WYWXSI\TPSVIXLMW
JVSQXLIW]WXIQWXSXLIGIPPYPEVPIZIP7TIGM½GEPP][IEVI
MRZIWXMKEXMRKWIZIVEPUYIWXMSRWM8S[LEXI\XIRXMWWIRWSV]
representation distributed across primary and secondary or
QYPXMQSHEPFVEMREVIEW#MM;LEXMJER]MWXLIVIPEXMSRWLMT
FIX[IIRPSGEPRIYVSREPGSRRIGXMZMX]ERHWIRWSV]JYRGXMSR#
MMM,S[MWWIRWSV]MRJSVQEXMSRIRGSHIHERHMRXIKVEXIHF]
MRHMZMHYEPGIPPWERHW]RETWIW#
Publications
%RKIPS/6ERG^)%4MQIRXIP(,YRHELP',ERRMFEP.
*PIMWGLQERR%4MGLPIV&ERH1EVKVMI8;
%FMSTL]WMGEPWMKREXYVISJRIX[SVOEJ½PMEXMSRERHWIRWSV]
processing in mitral cells.
Nature 488¯
6ERG^)%*VEROW/17GL[EV^1/4MGLPIV&7GLEIJIV%8ERH
1EVKVMI8;
Transfection via whole-cell recording in vivo: bridging singlecell physiology, genetics and connectomics.
Nature Neuroscience 14
'LEHHIVXSR4%KETMSY.41G%PTMRI(ERH1EVKVMI8;
The synaptic representation of sound source location in
auditory cortex.
In vivo optical imaging of odor-evoked glomerular activity in the mammalian olfactory bulb. Each
KPSQIVYPYWVIHGMVGPIGSRXEMRWTVMRGMTEPQMXVEPGIPPW[MXLRIX[SVOWTIGM½GLSQSX]TMG
biophysical properties.
81
NEUROSCIENCES
Vassilis Pachnis
Development of the nervous system
0EFQIQFIVW;IVIRH&SIWQERW1]VXS(IRE\E8MJJER],IERYI1IPERMI/EPEMX^MHSY4ERE]SXMW/EFSYVMHMW
'LV]WWE/SRWXERXMRMHSY6IIRE0EWVEHS6MXE0STIW7EVEL1G'EPPYQ:EPIRXMRE7EWWIPPM
8LIRIVZSYWW]WXIQMWGVMXMGEPJSVXLIMRXIVEGXMSRSJSVKERMWQW
[MXLXLIMVIRZMVSRQIRXGSRXVMFYXIWXSXLIQEMRXIRERGISJ
MRXIVREPLSQISWXEWMWERHMWXLIEREXSQMGEPWYFWXVEXISJGSKRMXMZI
EGXMZMX]2SVQEPJYRGXMSRSJXLIRIVZSYWW]WXIQHITIRHWSR
XLIKIRIVEXMSREXXLIVMKLXXMQIERHTPEGISJMRXIKVEXIHGIPPYPEV
RIX[SVOWQEHIYTSJEPEVKIRYQFIVSJHMZIVWIRIYVSRW
9RHIVWXERHMRKXLIQIGLERMWQWXLEXGSRXVSPXLIKIRIVEXMSRSJ
HMWXMRGXRIYVSREPWYFX]TIWERHXLIMVQMKVEXMSRXSXLIETTVSTVMEXI
PSGEXMSRMWGVMXMGEPJSVGSQTVILIRHMRKRSVQEPRIYVSREP
HIZIPSTQIRXERHJSVXVIEXMRKRIYVSREPHI½GMIRGMIW
3YVWXYHMIWI\TPSVIXLIQIGLERMWQWXLEXGSRXVSPXLI
HIZIPSTQIRXSJXLIIRXIVMGRIVZSYWW]WXIQMRXLIKYX
LS[IRXIVMGRIYVSRWERHXLIMVTVSKIRMXSVWQMKVEXIHYVMRK
IQFV]SKIRIWMWERHLS[XLI]HMJJIVIRXMEXIXSJSVQGSQTPI\
RIX[SVOWXLEXVIKYPEXIKYXQSXMPMX]ERHWIGVIXMSRW;IEPWS
WXYH]XLIQIGLERMWQWXLEXGSRXVSPRIYVSREPHMJJIVIRXMEXMSR
MRXLIJSVIFVEMR;ILEZIMHIRXM½IHWMKREPWXLEXQIHMEXI
GIPPYPEVMRXIVEGXMSRWQSPIGYPIWXLEXYRHIVPMIXLIJYRGXMSREP
MRXIVGSRRIGXMSRSJRIYVSRWERHXVERWGVMTXMSRJEGXSVWYRHIVP]MRK
RIYVSREPGIPPJEXIHIGMWMSRW3YVWXYHMIWTVSZMHIRSZIPMRWMKLXMRXS
XLIHIZIPSTQIRXERHJYRGXMSRSJXLIRIVZSYWW]WXIQMRRSVQEP
ERHHMWIEWIGSRHMXMSRW
Publications
(IRE\E1/EPEMX^MHSY1+EVIJEPEOM%%GLMQEWXSY%
0EWVEHS61EIW8ERH4EGLRMW:
Maturation promoting activity of Satb1 in MGEderived cortical interneurons.
Cell Reports Vol 2
0EVERNIMVE' 7ERHKVIR/ /IWWEVMW2 6MGLEVHWSR;
4SXSGRMO%:ERHIR&IVKLI4ERH4EGLRMW:
Glial cells in the mouse enteric nervous system can
undergo neurogenesis in response to injury.
Journal of Clinical Investigation 121
/MSYWWMW(ERH4EGLRMW:
Immune and nervous systems: more than just a
WYTIV½GMEPWMQMPEVMX]#
Immunity 31
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMR
XLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMW
KVSYTMR
A rich neuronal network within the outer wall
(bottom) and the villi (top) of adult intestine.
82
Maturation of different classes of interneuron precursors
transplanted into the cortex of postnatal mice.
NEUROSCIENCES
Iris Salecker
Visual circuit assembly in Drosophila
0EFQIQFIVW,SPKIV%TMX^(EJRM,EHNMIGSRSQSY&IRNEQMR6MGLMIV2ERE7LMQSWEOS
8LIEFMPMX]SJERMQEPWXSTIVJSVQXLIQER]XEWOWSJXLIMV
IZIV]HE]PMZIWVIPMIWSRXLITIVJIGXJYRGXMSRMRKSJXLIMVFVEMRW
8LIWIGSRWMWXSJHMZIVWIRIYVSRERHKPMEPWYFX]TIW;MXLMR
WTIGM½GFVEMREVIEWRIYVMXIWEVISVKERMWIHMRXSVIMXIVEXIH
GSPYQREVERHPE]IVIHW]RETXMGYRMXW8LIQSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQW
XLEXGSRXVSPXLIJSVQEXMSRSJXLIWIHMJJIVIRXGIPPX]TIWERHXLIMV
EWWIQFP]MRXSJYRGXMSREPRIYVEPRIX[SVOWHYVMRKHIZIPSTQIRX
VIQEMRTSSVP]YRHIVWXSSH8SEHHVIWWXLIWIMWWYIW[IYWIXLI
ZMWYEPW]WXIQSJDrosophilaFIGEYWIMXIREFPIWYWXSHMWWIGXXLI
WXIT[MWIHIZIPSTQIRXSJEGSQTPI\RIYVEPGMVGYMX[MXLKIRIXMG
ETTVSEGLIWERHWMRKPIGIPPVIWSPYXMSR
3RIPMRISJSYVVIWIEVGLMRZIWXMKEXIWXLIQIGLERMWQWXLEX
GSRXVSPXLIJSVQEXMSRSJPEQMREXIHGMVGYMXW-RTEVXMGYPEV
[IJSGYWSRXLIXEVKIXMRKWXITWSJXLIGSPSYVWIRWMXMZI
TLSXSVIGITXSVE\SRWYFX]TI6XSMXWXIQTSVEV]ERH½REP
W]RETXMGPE]IVW3YVVIGIRXWXYH]SJ2IXVMRWERHXLIMVVIGITXSV
*VE^^PIHXLI¾]LSQSPSKSJZIVXIFVEXI(IPIXIHMR'SPSVIGXEP
'ERGIV(''EHHIHEHMWXMRGXQIGLERMWQXSXLII\MWXMRK
GSRGITXWSJPE]IVWTIGM½GXEVKIXMRK;IHIQSRWXVEXIHXLEX
TVSZMWMSRSJEPSGEPMWIHWLSVXVERKIGLIQSEXXVEGXERXF]
MRXIVQIHMEXIXEVKIXRIYVSRWVITVIWIRXWELMKLP]TVIGMWIWXVEXIK]
XSHMVIGXEJJIVIRXE\SRW[LMGLWTIGM½GEPP]I\TVIWWXLIVIGITXSV
XSEWMRKPITSWMXMSREPP]HI½RIHXEVKIXPE]IV
Publications
3]EPPSR.%TMX^,1MKYIP%PMEKE-
8MQSJIIZ/*IVVIMVE0ERH7EPIGOIV
-
Regulation of locomotion and
motoneuron trajectory selection and
targeting by the Drosophila homolog
of Olig family transcription factors.
8MQSJIIZ/.SP];,EHNMIGSRSQSY(
ERH7EPIGOIV-
Localized Netrins act as positional
GYIWXSGSRXVSPPE]IVWTIGM½G
targeting of photoreceptor axons in
Drosophila
Neuron 75
,EHNMIGSRSQSY(6SXOSTJ7
%PI\ERHVI'&IPP(1(MGOWSR&.ERH
7EPIGOIV-
Flybow: genetic multicolor cell
labeling for neural circuit analysis in
Drosophila melanogaster.
Nature Methods 8
Adult Drosophila visual system: R8 axons (blue)
terminate in the medulla layer M3. Netrin-B releasing
neurons, visualised with the Flybow approach, include
lamina neurons L3, which innervate the same layer.
Visual system during mid pupal development: Netrin-B
TVSXIMRFPYIMWWTIGM½GEPP]PSGEPMWIHMRXLIQIHYPPE
neuropil layer M3, where R8 photoreceptor axons
terminate (red, arrow in inset).
83
NEUROSCIENCES
David Wilkinson
Regulation of boundary formation and neurogenesis
0EFQIQFIVW1EVMI&VIEY%RKIPE'LIYRK7IER'SRWXEFPI%RHVI[+ISVKMSY1SLEQIH-WQEMP6SWEPMRH1SVPI]%PI\IM4SPMEOSZ
,EVVMIX8E]PSV5MPMRK<Y
8LIJSVQEXMSRSJEWLEVTFSYRHEV]FIX[IIREHNEGIRXVIKMSRW
MWMQTSVXERXJSVIWXEFPMWLMRKXLIGSVVIGXSVKERMWEXMSRSJXMWWYIW
ERH[LIRHMWVYTXIHYRHIVPMIWHMWIEWIWYGLEWXLIQIXEWXEXMG
WTVIEHMRKSJGERGIVGIPPW-RXLIZIVXIFVEXIRIVZSYWW]WXIQWTIGM½G
FSYRHEVMIWLEZIEGVYGMEPVSPIMRXLIVIKYPEXMSRSJRIYVSREP
HMJJIVIRXMEXMSR3YVWXYHMIWJSGYWSRXLIZIVXIFVEXILMRHFVEMREW
EQSHIPXSEHHVIWWXLVIIMRXIVPMROIHUYIWXMSRWLS[FSYRHEVMIW
JSVQ[LEXXLIMVVSPIWEVIERHLS[RIYVSKIRIWMWMWVIKYPEXIH
;IYXMPMWIin vitroEWWE]Win vivoJYRGXMSREPWXYHMIWERHGSQTYXIV
QSHIPPMRKXSYRHIVWXERHLS[WMKREPPMRKXLVSYKL)TLVIGITXSVW
ERHITLVMRWYRHIVPMIWXLIJSVQEXMSRSJWLEVTFSVHIVW-RVIPEXIH
[SVO[IWXYH]LS[LMRHFVEMRFSYRHEVMIWMRGSPPEFSVEXMSR[MXL
WMKREPPMRKJVSQWTIGM½GRIYVSRWSVKERMWIHMWGVIXI^SRIWSJRIYVSREP
HMJJIVIRXMEXMSR[MXLMRWIKQIRXW*MREPP][IEVIHMWWIGXMRKER
MRXVEGIPPYPEVRIX[SVOXLEXVIKYPEXIWRIYVEPWXIQGIPPQEMRXIRERGI
ERHXLISRWIXSJRIYVSREPHMJJIVIRXMEXMSR8LIWIWXYHMIWYXMPMWIXLI
TS[IVJYPKIRIXMGERHXVERWKIRMGXSSPWEZEMPEFPIMRÎFVE½WLJSVXLI
EREP]WMWSJKIRIJYRGXMSRERHin vivoMQEKMRKSJGIPPFILEZMSYV
7IKQIRXEPSVKERMWEXMSRSJRIYVSRWMRXLIÎFVE½WLLMRHFVEMRRIYVSRW
green; progenitors, red). Our studies have revealed a link between
XLITSWMXMSRMRKSJWTIGM½GRIYVSRWERHXLIHMJJIVIRXMEXMSRSJRIYVEP
progenitors.
Publications
&EXPPI)ERH;MPOMRWSR(+
Molecular mechanisms of cell segregation and boundary formation in development and tumorigenesis.
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 4E
8IVVMIRXI.+IVIX]77;EXEREFI%WEOE8+SRÊPI^5YIZIHS6ERH;MPOMRWSR(+
Signalling from hindbrain boundaries regulates neuronal clustering that patterns neurogenesis.
Development 139
+SRÊPI^5YIZIHS60II=4SWW/(ERH;MPOMRWSR(+
Neuronal regulation of the spatial patterning of neurogenesis.
Developmental Cell 18
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRW
JVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
84
Still from time lapse movie of the developing hindbrain in a
XVERWKIRMGÎFVE½WLPMRI8LMWPMRIIREFPIWQSWEMGPEFIPPMRKSJ
cells (green) and visualisation of hindbrain segments (red).
Genetics and Development
Developmental Biology
James Briscoe (Joint Head of Division)
Jean-Paul Vincent (Joint Head of Division)
Malcolm Logan
Tim Mohun
Andrew Oates
Elke Ober
Lyle Zimmerman
Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics
Robin Lovell-Badge (Head of Division)
Paul Burgoyne
Peter Thorpe
James Turner
Systems Biology
Jim Smith (Head of Division)
Greg Elgar
Mike Gilchrist
85
GENETICS AND DEVELOPMENT
James Briscoe
Pattern formation in the vertebrate nervous system
0EFQIQFIVW6SFIVX&PEWWFIVK1MGLEIP'SLIR/EXVMRE+VMJ½R.SLR.EGSF%RRE/MGLIZE)ZE/YXINSZE7XIZIR1SSVI
,IPIRE4IVI^2SVMEOM7EWEM
;IWXYH]LS[XLIGIRXVEPRIVZSYWW]WXIQ'27MWJSVQIHMRIQFV]SW(IWTMXIMXW
GSQTPI\MX]XLI'27MWEWWIQFPIHMREVIQEVOEFP]VIPMEFPIERHEGGYVEXIQERRIV8LMW
TVIGMWMSRMWRIGIWWEV]JSVXLI[MVMRKSJRIVZIWMRXSXLIJYRGXMSREPRIYVEPGMVGYMXWXLEX
KMZIXLI'27MXWJYRGXMSR3YVVIWIEVGLJSGYWIWSRXLIWTMREPGSVH[LMGLMWXLITEVXSJ
XLI'27XLEXGSRXEMRWXLIRIVZIWXLEXEPPS[YWXSWIRWISYVIRZMVSRQIRXERHVIWTSRH
XSMXF]QSZMRKQYWGPIW3YVWXYHMIWGSRXVMFYXIXSYRHIVWXERHMRKXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJ
XLIWTMREPGSVHEW[IPPEWWLIHPMKLXSRHMWIEWIHERHHEQEKIHRIVZSYWW]WXIQW;I
LSTIXLMW[MPPLIPTMRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJXLIVETMIWJSVXLIWIGSRHMXMSRW
7TIGM½GEPP][IEVIMRXIVIWXIHMRXLIGIPPYPEVERHQSPIGYPEVQIGLERMWQWVIWTSRWMFPI
JSVTEXXIVRJSVQEXMSRMRXLIRIYVEPXYFI-RZIRXVEPVIKMSRWSJXLIGEYHEPRIYVEPXYFI
XLIWIGVIXIHQSPIGYPI7SRMG,IHKILSK7LLJSVQWERI\XVEGIPPYPEVKVEHMIRXXLEX
KSZIVRWTEXXIVRJSVQEXMSRERHXMWWYIKVS[XL;IYWIEVERKISJQSPIGYPEVMQEKMRKERH
QSHIPPMRKETTVSEGLIWXSMHIRXMJ]ERHVIGSRWXVYGXXLIVIKYPEXSV]RIX[SVOXLEXGSRXVSPW
XLIKVS[XLERHHIZIPSTQIRXSJXLIZIRXVEPRIYVEPXYFI
Publications
&EPEWOEW26MFIMVS%4ERSZWOE.(IWWEYH)7EWEM2
4EKI/EVIR1&VMWGSI.ERH6MFIW:
Gene regulatory logic for reading the Sonic
Hedgehog signaling gradient in the vertebrate neural
tube.
Cell 148
(IWWEYH)6MFIW:&EPEWOEW2=ERK004MIVERM%
/MGLIZE%2SZMXGL&+&VMWGSI.ERH7EWEM2
Dynamic assignment and maintenance of positional
identity in the ventral neural tube by the morphogen
Sonic hedgehog.
PLOS Biology 8I
8LIGSQFMREXSVMEPTEXXIVRSJKIRII\TVIWWMSRHI½RIHMWXMRGXHSQEMRWSJTVSKIRMXSVWMRXLIRIYVEPXYFI
6MFIW:&EPEWOEW27EWEM2'VY^'(IWWEYH)
'E]YWS.8SÎV7=ERK002SZMXGL&1EVXM)ERH
&VMWGSI.
Distinct Sonic Hedgehog signaling dynamics specify
¾SSVTPEXIERHZIRXVEPRIYVSREPTVSKIRMXSVWMRXLI
vertebrate neural tube.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERH
MRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRW
JVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
86
MRC
MRCNational
NationalInstitute
InstituteforforMedical
MedicalResearch
Research
The dynamics of a gene regulatory network controlled by Shh/Gli activity progressively establish gene
expression domains in the neural tube.
Paul Burgoyne
The Y chromosome and infertility
0EFQIQFIVW*ERR](IGEVTIRXVMI7LERXLE1ELEHIZEMEL3FEL3NEVMOVIÅMRI6EXXMKER2EHIKI:IVRIX
8LI½VWXIZMHIRGIXLEXXLIQEQQEPMER=GLVSQSWSQIGEVVMIHKIRIXMGMRJSVQEXMSR
IWWIRXMEPJSVQEPIJIVXMPMX][EWSFXEMRIHMRJSVQERERHJSVQSYWIJVSQ
XLIWXYH]SJMRHMZMHYEPW[MXLTEVXMEPP]HIPIXIH=GLVSQSWSQIW)ZMHIRGIXLEXXLI=
GLVSQSWSQIMWMRGSQTEXMFPI[MXLJIQEPIJIVXMPMX]GSQIWJVSQWXYHMIWSJ<=MRHMZMHYEPW
XLEXLEZIEHIPIXMSRVIQSZMRKXLIQEPIHIXIVQMRERX76=
;IYWIWI\GLVSQSWSQEPP]ZEVMERXQSYWIQSHIPWMRGSQFMREXMSR[MXLXLIWIPIGXMZI
EHHMXMSRSJ=KIRIWF]XVERWKIRIWMWXSIPYGMHEXIXLIVSPISJ=KIRIWMRQEPIERH
JIQEPIJIVXMPMX]9WMRKXLMWETTVSEGL[ILEZIVIGIRXP]WLS[RXLEXXLII\TVIWWMSRSJE
>J]FYXRSX>J]MR<3SSG]XIWGEYWIWJIQEPIWXIVMPMX]MRQMGIERHXLEXHMJJIVIRGIW
MRXLIPIZIPSJI\TVIWWMSRSJ>J]MWWYJ½GMIRXXSI\TPEMRXLIRIEVWXIVMPMX]SJ<=JIQEPIW
[MXLEOFHIPIXMSRVIQSZMRK7V]EWGSQTEVIHXSXLIJIVXMPMX]SJ<=HJIQEPIWXLEX
LEZIEQYGLPEVKIVHIPIXMSREWWSGMEXIH[MXLXLIXVERWGVMTXMSREPWMPIRGMRKSJ7V]ERHXLI
VITVIWWMSRSJ>J]
Publications
'SGUYIX.)PPMW4.-1ELEHIZEMEL7/%JJEVE2%:EMQER(ERH
&YVKS]RI47
A genetic basis for a postmeiotic X versus Y chromosome
MRXVEKIRSQMGGSR¾MGXMRXLIQSYWI
PLOS Genetics 8I
:IVRIX21ELEHIZEMEL7/)PPMW4.HI6SSMN(+ERH
&YVKS]RI47
Spermatid development in XO male mice with varying
Y chromosome short arm gene content: evidence for a Y
gene controlling the initiation of sperm morphogenesis.
Reproduction 144
XYd female mice are much more fertile than XYSry- females. It was hypothesised that this was due to the
much reduced ovarian expression of Rbmy in females with the Yd deletion.
:IVRIX21ELEHIZEMEL7/3NEVMOVI3%0SRKITMIH+
4VSWWIV,1&VEHPI]%1MXGLIPP1.ERH&YVKS]RI47
The Y-encoded gene Zfy2 acts to remove cells with
YRTEMVIHGLVSQSWSQIWEXXLI½VWXQIMSXMGQIXETLEWIMR
male mice.
Current Biology 21
87
Systems Biology
Greg Elgar
Regulation of early vertebrate development
0EFQIQFIVW(MPVMRM(I7MPZE0EYVE(SKPMS.SWITL+VMGI&SVMW2S]ZIVX7XIJER4EYPW
8LIIEVP]HIZIPSTQIRXSJXLILYQERIQFV]SMWERI\XVESVHMREVMP]
H]REQMGERHI\UYMWMXIP]GSRXVSPPIHTVSGIWW%XXLIQSPIGYPEVPIZIP
IZIRXWEVISVGLIWXVEXIHF]EPEVKIVITIVXSMVISJXVERWGVMTXMSR
JEGXSVWTVSXIMRWXLEXFMRHXSVIKYPEXSV]VIKMSRWMRKIRSQMG(2%
XSGSRXVSPKIRII\TVIWWMSR1YXEXMSRWMRXLIWIVIKYPEXSV]VIKMSRW
GERPIEHXSHIZIPSTQIRXEPERSQEPMIWERHHMWIEWI1ER]SJXLI
TEXXIVRMRKIZIRXWXLEXSGGYVEVIGSQQSRXSEPPZIVXIFVEXIWEW
EVIXLIXVERWGVMTXMSRJEGXSVWERHWSQISJXLIVIKYPEXSV]GSHI
IQFIHHIHMRXLIKIRSQI,S[IZIVXLITVSXIMR(2%MRXIVEGXMSRW
EVITSSVP]YRHIVWXSSHEWEVIXLIJYRGXMSREPIJJIGXWXLI]QIHMEXI
;IXEOIEW]WXIQWPIZIPETTVSEGLXSHIGMTLIVXLIPERKYEKIERH
KVEQQEVXLEXMWIRGSHIHMRVIKYPEXSV](2%TEVXMGYPEVP]XLEX
JVEGXMSRXLEXMWGSQQSRXSEPPZIVXIFVEXIWERH[LMGLXLIVIJSVI
HMVIGXWWSQISJXLIQSWXJYRHEQIRXEPEWTIGXWSJZIVXIFVEXI
IQFV]SKIRIWMW;IHSXLMWF]GSQFMRMRKGSQTYXEXMSREPETTVSEGLIW
[MXLJYRGXMSREPEWWE]WMRÎFVE½WLIQFV]SWERMQTSVXERXERH
XVEGXEFPIQSHIPJSVXLMWWSVXSJ[SVO3RGI[IMHIRXMJ]WTIGM½G
VIKYPEXSV]TEXXIVRW[IGERWIEVGLJSVXLIWIXLVSYKLSYXXLI
KIRSQIXLIVIF]TVIHMGXMRKSXLIVVIKYPEXSV]VIKMSRW-XMWMQTSVXERX
XLEX[IORS[[LIVIXLIWIVIKMSRWEVIMRXLIKIRSQIERH
[LEXTVSGIWWIWXLI]HI½RIEWQYXEXMSRWMRXLIQGERPIEHXS
HIZIPSTQIRXEPHMWSVHIVWERHKIRIXMGHMWIEWI
0MZI¾YSVIWGIRXMQEKMRKSJIRLERGIVEGXMZMX]MRÎFVE½WL
embryos, articulating reporter expression in midbrain and
hindbrain.
Publications
4EYPW77QMXL7*ERH)PKEV+
Lens development depends on a pair of highly conserved
Sox21 regulatory elements.
+SSHI(/'EPPE[E],%'IVHE+%0I[MW/)ERH)PKEV+
Minor change, major difference: divergent functions of
highly conserved cis-regulatory elements subsequent to
whole genome duplication events.
Development 138
4EVOIV,.4MGGMRIPPM47EYOE7TIRKPIV8&VSRRIV1ERH)PKEV
+
%RGMIRX4F\,S\WMKREXYVIWHI½RILYRHVIHWSJZIVXIFVEXI
developmental enhancers.
BMC Genomics 12
88
Building networks of relationships between binding motifs in regulatory elements.
Systems Biology
Mike Gilchrist
Gene regulatory networks in early development
0EFQIQFIVW&VSSO'SSTIV-ER+VERX2MGO3[IRW-P]E4EXVYWLIZ
)QFV]SHIZIPSTQIRXMWEGSQTPI\ERHXMKLXP]GSRXVSPPIHTVSGIWW[MXLE
VIQEVOEFP]TVIGMWISYXGSQI8]TMGEPP]XVERWGVMTXMSRJEGXSVWVIKYPEXIXLI
I\TVIWWMSRSJMRHMZMHYEPKIRIWXLVSYKLGSQTPI\KIRIVIKYPEXSV]RIX[SVOW
3YVEMQMWXSIPYGMHEXIXLIWIRIX[SVOWYWMRKQSPIGYPEVERHGSQTYXEXMSREP
XSSPWXLEXIREFPIEW]WXIQEXMGERHPEVKIWGEPIETTVSEGL3YV½VWXWXITWMRXLMW
HMVIGXMSRLEZIFIIRXSQETSYXXLIXIQTSVEPPERHWGETISJKIRIEGXMZEXMSRMR
XLIIEVP]IQFV]S
%JXIVJIVXMPMWEXMSRXLI½VWXQENSVIZIRXMRXLIIQFV]S´WPMJIMWXLIQMHFPEWXYPE
XVERWMXMSR1&8[LIRXLIKIRSQIFIGSQIWXVERWGVMTXMSREPP]EGXMZI'SRXVSP
EXXLIQSPIGYPEVPIZIPRS[TEWWIWJVSQQEXIVREPKIRITVSHYGXWXSXLSWI
HIVMZIHJVSQXLIIQFV]S´WS[RKIRIWERHHIZIPSTQIRXVETMHP]FIGSQIW
EW]RGLVSRSYWERHQSVIGSQTPI\8LITVIGMWIXMQMRKERHI\XIRXSJXLMW
XVERWMXMSRMWRSX[IPPHI½RIHERHQER]OI]KIRIWEVIPMOIP]YRMHIRXM½IH8S
I\TPSVIMX[ILEZIGVIEXIHELMKLVIWSPYXMSRXMQIWIVMIWSJTSP]%Q62%
WEQTPIWJVSQXenopus tropicalisIQFV]SWGSZIVMRKXLI½VWXXIRLSYVWSJ
HIZIPSTQIRX[MXL1&8EXEFSYXLSYVW8LIWEQTPIW[IVIWIUYIRGIHXS
GVIEXIKIRII\TVIWWMSRTVS½PIW[LMGL[ILEZIWYFWIUYIRXP]EREP]WIHJSV
WMKREPWSJKIRIEGXMZEXMSR8LMWXIPPWYW[LMGLKIRIWEVIEGXMZEXIHEX1&8ERH
MR[LEXSVHIV
Publications
+MPGLVMWX1.
From expression cloning to gene modeling: the development of Xenopus
gene sequence resources.
genesis 50
+VERX.1ELEHIZEMEL7//LMP47ERKVMXLM126S]S,(YGO[SVXL.
1G'EVVI].6:ERHI&IVK.06IRJVII1&8E]PSV;)PKEV+'EQIVMRM3XIVS
6(+MPGLVMWX1.ERH8YVRIV.1
Rsx is a metatherian RNA with Xist-like properties in X-chromosome
inactivation.
Nature 4879
7MQISRM-+MPGLVMWX1.+EVVIXX2%VQMWIR.ERH+YVHSR.&
Widespread transcription in an amphibian oocyte relates to its
reprogramming activity on transplanted somatic nuclei.
Stem Cells and Development 21
,MKLVIWSPYXMSRKIRII\TVIWWMSRTVS½PIWKIRIVEXIHJVSQ-PPYQMRE62%WIUHEXE
through the mid-blastula transition in Xenopus tropicalis. Chart shows data for Wnt
signaling genes, with clear signals of transcriptional activation for two of them.
89
Malcolm Logan
Understanding vertebrate limb development
0EFQIQFIVW0EYVMERRI&IWWI7SVVIP&MGOPI]2EXEPMI&YJJIV½IPH1EVXMR'EVOIXX:IVSRMUYI(YFSG%RRE/YGLEVWOE
7YI1MPPIV7EXSOS2MWLMQSXS
0MQFHIJIGXWEVIEGSQQSRGSRKIRMXEPEFRSVQEPMX]TVIWIRX
MRLYQERPMZIFMVXLWERHHMWIEWIWEJJIGXMRKXLIQYWGYPSWOIPIXEP
W]WXIQEVIEWMKRM½GERXGPMRMGEPTVSFPIQ8LIKSEPSJSYV[SVOMWXS
YRHIVWXERHLS[XLIPMQFWJSVQRSVQEPP]HYVMRKIQFV]SKIRIWMWXLI
GEYWIWSJPMQFEFRSVQEPMXMIWERHHMWIEWIMRLYQERWERHXSTVSZMHI
TSXIRXMEPXLIVETIYXMGETTVSEGLIWXSFPSGOHIKIRIVEXMSRSVXVMKKIV
VIKIRIVEXMSRSJXLIQYWGYPSWOIPIXEPW]WXIQ
%XIEVP]WXEKIWSJIQFV]SRMGHIZIPSTQIRXXLIJSVIPMQFERH
LMRHPMQFFYHWEVIEWMQMPEVP]WLETIHQEWWSJGIPPW(YVMRK
WYFWIUYIRXWXITWSJHIZIPSTQIRXXLITVSKIRMXSVWEVIXVERWJSVQIH
MRXSEGSQTPI\SJMRXIVGSRRIGXIHFSRIWQYWGPIWERHXIRHSRW
8LIWIPMQFXMWWYIWEVII\UYMWMXIP]WGYPTXIHXSFIGSQIXLIGSVVIGX
WMÎERHWLETIERHQYWXEPWSJSVQXLIETTVSTVMEXIMRXIVGSRRIGXMSRW
WSXLEXIEGLQYWGPIKVSYTEXXEGLIWXSXLIWOIPIXSRZMEXLIGSVVIGX
XIRHSR,S[XLMWRIX[SVOMWIPEFSVEXIHMWTSSVP]YRHIVWXSSH
;IEVIYWMRKERMQEPERHin vitroQSHIPWERHEGSQFMREXMSRSJ
KIRIXMGWMQEKMRKERHFMSMRJSVQEXMGWETTVSEGLIWXSYRHIVWXERHXLI
QIGLERMWQWXLEXGSRXVSPPMQFFYHJSVQEXMSRERHXLIWYFWIUYIRX
GSRWXVYGXMSRSJXLIMRHMZMHYEPPMQFIPIQIRXW
Publications
1MRKYMPPSR'2MWLMQSXS7;SSH7:IRHVIPP)+MFWSR&VS[R
..ERH0SKER143
Hox genes regulate the onset of Tbx5 expression in the
forelimb.
Development 139
(YFSG:ERH0SKER143
Pitx1 is necessary for normal initiation of hindlimb
outgrowth through regulation of Tbx4 expression and
shapes hindlimb morphologies via targeted growth control.
Development 138
,EWWSR4(I0EYVMIV%&IRRIXX1+VMKSVMIZE)2EMGLI0%
4ETEMSERRSY:)1SLYR8.ERH0SKER143
Tbx4 and Tbx5 acting in connective tissue are required for
limb muscle and tendon patterning.
Embryonic day 10.5 mouse forelimb bud showing
staining of dpERK (green) and cell nuclei with
DAPI (blue).
90
Embryonic day 13.5 forelimb showing developing
HMKMXWSJXLILERHTPEXIMHIRXM½IH[MXLE'SPP+*4
transgene (green) and cells in G1 of the cell cycle
(red) using the FUCCI transgene.
Robin Lovell-Badge FRS, EMBO member, FMedSci
Sex, stem cells and decisions of cell fate
0EFQIQFIVW7EVEL&SSXL'LVMWXSTLI+EPMGLIX7EQ+SPHWQMXL2MXÊR+SRIR7MPZERE+YMSPM,IPIR3´2IMPP/EVMRI6M^^SXM
'LEVPSXXI7GSXX6]SLIM7IOMHS'PEVI;MWI
)QFV]SHIZIPSTQIRXVIPMIWSRGIPPWQEOMRKGLSMGIWEFSYX[LMGLGIPPX]TIXS
FIGSQIERH[LIXLIVXSHMZMHIQSZISVHMI(YVMRKWI\HIXIVQMREXMSRGIPPWSJ
XLIIEVP]KSREHLEZIEREHHMXMSREPGLSMGIXSQEOIXSFIGSQIGIPPWX]TMGEPSJ
XIWXIWSVSZEVMIW-RQEQQEPWXLMWYWYEPP]HITIRHWSRXLITVIWIRGISVEFWIRGISJ
XLI=GLVSQSWSQIQEPIWEVI<=JIQEPIW<<QSVITVIGMWIP]XSEWMRKPIKIRI
SRXLI=XIVQIH7V]8LMWIRGSHIWEXVERWGVMTXMSRJEGXSV[MXLER,1+FS\X]TISJ
(2%FMRHMRKHSQEMREPWSTVIWIRXMRTVSXIMRWIRGSHIHF]XLI7S\KIRIJEQMP]
;IYWIQER]XIGLRMUYIWXSI\TPSVILS[76=ERHSXLIVJEGXSVWEGXXSMRMXMEXIERH
QEMRXEMRXIWXMWSVSZEV]HMJJIVIRXMEXMSR[MXLQMGIEWSYVQEMRI\TIVMQIRXEPQSHIP
&IGEYWIQEPIFMVHWPEGO7V]IZSPYXMSREV]GSQTEVMWSRWYWIGLMGOIQFV]SWERHSYV
[SVOMRJSVQWXLILYQERWMXYEXMSR[LIVIHMWSVHIVWEJJIGXMRKWI\HIXIVQMREXMSR
GERLEZIHIZEWXEXMRKTL]WMSPSKMGEPERHWSGMEPGSRWIUYIRGIW;IEPWSWXYH]TPYVMTSXIRXWXIQGIPPWJVSQIEVP]IQFV]SW)7GIPPW
SVEJXIVVITVSKVEQQMRKJVSQEHYPXGIPPWM47GIPPWERHQYPXMTSXIRXWXIQGIPPWJVSQXLIFVEMRERHTMXYMXEV]'IVXEMR7S\KIRIWEVI
GVMXMGEPJSVWIPJVIRI[EPERHWXIQGIPPTSXIRXMEP;IXLIVIJSVII\TPSVILS[XLIWIMQTEGXSRGIPPJEXIGLSMGIWERHLS[XLI]QMKLX
FII\TPSMXIHXSEMHXVIEXQIRXWJSVGPMRMGEPTVSFPIQWWYGLEWWXVSOIERHGERGIV
Publications
+zQI^+EZMVS1:7GSXX')
7IWE]%/1EXLIY%&SSXL7
+EPMGLIX'ERH0SZIPP&EHKI6
Betacellulin promotes cell
proliferation in the neural
stem cell niche and stimulates
neurogenesis.
Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the United
Compared to controls, BTC null mutant mice are less
able to regenerate (PSA-NCAM+ve) neuroblasts from
(SOX2+ve) neural stem cells in the SVZ niche 6 days after
treatment with Ara-C, a drug that kills Ki67+ve dividing cells.
From Gomez-Gaviro et al, 2012.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]
EXXLIFEGOJSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
7YXXSR),YKLIW.;LMXI7
7IOMHS68ER.%VFSPIHE:
6SKIVW2/RS[IV/6S[PI]0
)]VI,6M^^SXM/1G%RMRGL(
+SRGEPZIW.7PII.8YVFMXX)&VYRS
(&IRKXWWSR,,EVPI]::MPEMR
)7MRGPEMV%0SZIPP&EHKI6ERH
8LSQEW4
-HIRXM½GEXMSRSJ73<EWER<<
male sex reversal gene in mice
and humans.
Journal of Clinical Investigation
121
A sex-reversing Sox3 transgene mimics Sry and not Sox9.
This explains how Sry could have evolved from Sox3 via
a regulatory mutation, and why rearrangements of the X
chromosome near SOX3 are associated with human XX
male sex reversal.
From Sutton et al, 2011
7GSXX');]RR707IWE]%
'VY^''LIYRK1
+EZMVS1:+&SSXL7+ES&
'LIEL/7)0SZIPP&EHKI6ERH
&VMWGSI.
SOX9 induces and maintains
neural stem cells.
Nature Neuroscience
13¯
91
Tim Mohun
Heart development in vertebrates
0EFQIQFIVW1MOI&IRRIXX0EYVIRX(YTE]W7YVIRHVE/SXIGLE1EVMERRI2IEV]-ÊFIPE4MSXVS[WOE7XYEVX7QMXL
2SVQE8S[IVW6SFIVX;MPWSR
*SVQEXMSRSJXLILIEVXMWEGSQTPI\TVSGIWWXLEXFIKMRW
ZIV]IEVP]MRXLIZIVXIFVEXIIQFV]SVIQSHIPPMRKEWMQTPI
TIVMWXEPXMGXYFIMRXSEGSQTPI\QYPXMGLEQFIVIHSVKERGETEFPI
SJWYTTSVXMRKIQFV]SKVS[XL8LMWXVERWJSVQEXMSRVIUYMVIW
I\UYMWMXIGSSVHMREXMSRSJGIPPHMJJIVIRXMEXMSRERHKVS[XLXS
TVSHYGIXLIHVEQEXMGGLERKIWMRSVKERWLETI%FRSVQEPMXMIW
EJJIGXMRKER]WXIT[MPPLEZITVSJSYRHGSRWIUYIRGIWSRXLI
JSIXEPLIEVXERHLIEVXHIJIGXWEVIXLIQSWXGSQQSRFMVXL
HIJIGX&]WXYH]MRKXLIVSPIWSJMRHMZMHYEPKIRIWERHGIPP
TSTYPEXMSRWMRRSVQEPLIEVXHIZIPSTQIRX[I[MPPKEMREFIXXIV
YRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLISVMKMRWSJGEVHMEGQEPJSVQEXMSRWERHE
QSHIPSJLS[GSQTPI\SVKERWEVIJSVQIHMRXLIHIZIPSTMRK
IQFV]S
;IEVIYWMRKXVERWKIRMGXIGLRMUYIWERHKIRSQI[MHIEREP]WMW
XSMRZIWXMKEXILS[GEVHMEGKIRII\TVIWWMSRMWVIKYPEXIHMRXLI
HIZIPSTMRKZIVXIFVEXIIQFV]S2SZIPMQEKMRKERHGSQTYXIV
QSHIPPMRKTVSGIHYVIWXLEX[ILEZIHIZIPSTIHEPPS[YW
XSI\EQMRIXLITVIGMWIXLVIIHMQIRWMSREPWXVYGXYVISJXLI
IQFV]SRMGLIEVXERHMHIRXMJ]GLERKIWMRQSVTLSPSK]VIWYPXMRK
JVSQEPXIVIHKIRII\TVIWWMSR8LMWETTVSEGLRSXSRP]LIPTWYW
XSYRHIVWXERHRSVQEPKIRIJYRGXMSRMRXLIHIZIPSTMRKLIEVX
FYXEPWSXSMRZIWXMKEXITSWWMFPIGEYWIWSJGSRKIRMXEPLIEVX
HMWIEWIERHKIRIXMGGSRHMXMSRWWYGLEW(S[RW]RHVSQI
[LMGLSJXIRVIWYPXMRLIEVXQEPJSVQEXMSRW
In this tadpole, muscle cells of the heart, head and body can be readily
ZMWYEPMWIHXLVSYKLI\TVIWWMSRSJE¾YSVIWGIRXVITSVXIVTVSZMHMRKEWMQTPI
way to monitor heart development.
Publications
7QMXL7.ERH1SLYR8.
Early cardiac morphogenesis defects caused by loss of embryonic macrophage function in
Xenopus.
Mechanisms of Development 128
(YRPIZ]0&IRRIXX17PIRHIV%0ERE)PSPE)8]FYPI[MG^:0*MWLIV)1'ERH1SLYR8
Down’s syndrome-like cardiac developmental defects in embryos of the transchromosomic
Tc1 mouse.
Cardiovascular Research 88
3D models of the mouse embryo heart (left) or the lumens of the heart
GLEQFIVWVMKLXVIZIEPXLIGSQTPI\QIWLSJQYWGPI½FVIWGLEVEGXIVMWXMGSJ
the embryonic heart.
(YTE]W0/SXIGLE7ERH1SLYR8.
8F\QMWI\TVIWWMSRMQTEMVWHITPS]QIRXSJWIGSRHLIEVX½IPHHIVMZIHTVSKIRMXSVGIPPWXSXLI
arterial pole of the embryonic heart.
92
Andrew Oates
Patterning embryos with oscillations
0EFQIQFIVW0SPE&ENEVH6EZM(IWEM'LVMWXMRE)YKWXIV'PEYHME*V}F(EZMH.}VK&S/EM0MES%RRIPMI3W[EPH&LEZRE
6ENEWIOEVER(EZMH6MGLQSRH7ERHVE6MGLXIV(ERMIPI7SVSPHSRM+YMPPEYQI:EPIRXMR%PI\MW;IFF0YGEW;IXÎP
,S[HSWTEXMSXIQTSVEPTEXXIVRWIQIVKIEXXLIXMWWYIPIZIP
JVSQRSMW]GIPPYPEVERHQSPIGYPEVMRXIVEGXMSRW#;LEXTVMRGMTPIW
KSZIVRXVERWMXMSRWJVSQTEVXWXS[LSPIWERHHIXIVQMRI
TVIGMWMSRERHVSFYWXRIWW#;II\TPSVIXLIWIMWWYIWYWMRKE
TSTYPEXMSRSJKIRIXMGSWGMPPEXSVWMRXLIZIVXIFVEXIIQFV]S
XIVQIHXLIWIKQIRXEXMSRGPSGO8LMWQYPXMGIPPYPEVGPSGOHVMZIW
XLIVL]XLQMGWIUYIRXMEPERHTVIGMWIJSVQEXMSRSJIQFV]SRMG
FSH]WIKQIRXWI\LMFMXMRKVMGLWTEXMEPERHXIQTSVEPTLIRSQIRE
WTERRMRKJVSQQSPIGYPEVXSXMWWYIWGEPIW8MWWYITEXXIVRMRKF]
GIPPYPEVSWGMPPEXMSRWMWEVIGIRXGSRGITXERHXLIQIGLERMWQW
ERHQSPIGYPIWVIWTSRWMFPIJSVXLMWEWXSRMWLMRKEGXMZMX]EVINYWX
FIKMRRMRKXSFIYRHIVWXSSH
;IEVIFMSPSKMWXWIRKMRIIVWERHTL]WMGMWXWYWMRKQSPIGYPEV
KIRIXMGWUYERXMXEXMZIMQEKMRKERHXLISVIXMGEPEREP]WMW&IGEYWI
XMQMRKMWOI]XSYRHIVWXERHMRKSWGMPPEXMSRW[IHIZIPSTIH
QYPXMTPIIQFV]SXMQIPETWIVIGSVHMRKQIXLSHWXSIREFPIUYERXMXEXMSRERHWXEXMWXMGEPXVIEXQIRXSJWSQMXSKIRIWMWH]REQMGW8S
YRHIVWXERHMRXIVEGXMSRWSJRSMW]GIPPYPEVSWGMPPEXSVWERHVIKYPEXSV]RIX[SVOW[IHIZIPSTIHXLISVIXMGEPHIWGVMTXMSRWXLEX[IVI
WYGGIWWJYPP]XIWXIHMRIQFV]SW;IMHIRXM½IHXLI½VWXQYXEXMSRWXLEXGLERKIXLIWIKQIRXEXMSRGPSGO´WTIVMSHSTIRMRKXLIHSSVXS
QSPIGYPEVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLIQIGLERMWQWXLEXGSRXVSPXLIGPSGO´WH]REQMGW;IEVIFIKMRRMRKXSI\TPSVIRI[XVERWKIRMGXSSPW
XSJSPPS[XLISWGMPPEXMSRWSJXLIWIKQIRXEXMSRGPSGOMRVIEPXMQI
Oscillating gene
expression in the
segmentation clock can be
JSPPS[IHMRPMZIÎFVE½WL
embryos at tissue and
single cell levels, as well as
in vitro.
Publications
7GLV}XIV'%VIW71SVIPPM0+-WEOSZE%,IRW/7SVSPHSRM(+ENI[WOM1.YPMGLIV*1EIVOP7.(ITPERGOI&
ERH3EXIW%'
8STSPSK]ERHH]REQMGWSJXLIÎFVE½WLWIKQIRXEXMSRGPSGOGSVIGMVGYMX
PLOS Biology 10:e1001364
,IVVKIR07GLV}XIV'1SVVIPM0%VIW7.YPMGLIV*ERH3EXIW%'
Intercellular coupling regulates the period of the segmentation clock.
Current Biology 20
6MIHIP/VYWI-,1PPIV'3EXIW%'
Synchrony dynamics during initiation, failure, and rescue of the segmentation clock.
Science 317
The three-tier model of the vertebrate segmentation clock, a
rhythmic, tissue-level pattern generator responsible for sequential
formation of the embryonic segments that give rise to backbone,
ribs and associated muscles.
93
Elke Ober
0MZIVHIZIPSTQIRXMRÎFVE½WL
0EFQIQFIVW.SLERRE*MWGLIV.SVHM'E]YWS1EW(IWTMRE7XEQEXEOM
8LIPMZIVMWXLIPEVKIWXSVKERMRXLIZIVXIFVEXIFSH]TIVJSVQMRK
RYQIVSYWIWWIRXMEPTL]WMSPSKMGEPERHQIXEFSPMGVSPIWXSQEMRXEMR
FSH]LSQISWXEWMW%WERSVKEREGGIWWSV]XSXLIEPMQIRXEV]
GEREPXLIPMZIVHIZIPSTWMRGPSWITVS\MQMX]XSXLIPYRKTERGVIEW
ERHWXSQEGL[LMGLJYP½PWMQMPEVP]WTIGMEPMWIHERHZMXEPJYRGXMSRW
8LMWVEMWIWXLIMQTSVXERXUYIWXMSRWLS[XLIKIRIVEXMSRSJXLIWI
HMZIVWISVKERWMWGSRXVSPPIHERH[LMGLQIGLERMWQWHIXIVQMRI
XLIMVETTVSTVMEXIWLETIERHWMÎ8LIMHIRXM½GEXMSRSJSVKER
WTIGM½GKIRIXMGTVSKVEQQIW[MPPTVSZMHIMRWMKLXWRSXSRP]MRXSXLI
QIGLERMWQWVIKYPEXMRKIQFV]SRMGHIZIPSTQIRXFYXEPWSXMWWYI
LSQISWXEWMWERHVIKIRIVEXMSRJSPPS[MRKMRNYV]MREHYPXW
0MZIVTVSKIRMXSVWXLILITEXSFPEWXWEVIWTIGM½IHJVSQXLI
QYPXMTSXIRXJSVIKYXIRHSHIVQ8LMWIRGSQTEWWIWEX[SWXIT
TVSGIWWMR[LMGLXLIIRHSHIVQ½VWXEHSTXWXLIGSQTIXIRGIXS
VIWTSRHXSMRHYGXMZIWMKREPW;RX&QT*KJWYFWIUYIRXP]VIPIEWIH
JVSQXLIEHNEGIRXQIWSHIVQ8LIWITVSKIRMXSVWVIEVVERKIMRXLI
GSQTPI\GIPPYPEVIRZMVSRQIRXSJXLIREWGIRXHMKIWXMZIXVEGXMRXSERSYXKVS[MRKFYH[LMGLTVSZMHIWXLIJSYRHEXMSRSJXLIEHYPX
SVKERERHMXWGSRRIGXMSRXSXLIEPMQIRXEV]GEREP'IRXVEPEMQWSJSYVVIWIEVGLEVIXSYRHIVWXERHLS[PMZIVTVSKIRMXSVWMRXIKVEXI
XLIHMZIVWIMRHYGXMZIWMKREPWERHLS[XLIWIGSQQMXXIHTVIGYVWSVWVIEVVERKIXSWLETIXLIEHYPXPMZIV;IMRZIWXMKEXIXLIWI
UYIWXMSRWGSQFMRMRKXLII\TIVMQIRXEPEHZERXEKIWSJÎFVE½WL[MXLLMKLVIWSPYXMSRMQEKMRK
Publications
4SYPEMR1ERH3FIV)%
Interplay between Wnt2 and Wnt2bb controls multiple steps
of early foregut-derived organ development.
Development 138
2StP)7HSW6IMW1%VEMR>ERH3FIV)%
Analysis of the albumin_JIXSTVSXIMREJEQMRKVSYT WTIGM½G
component KIRI JEQMP] MR XLI GSRXI\X SJ ÎFVE½WL PMZIV
differentiation.
Gene Expression Patterns 10
2StP)7'EWEP7YIMVS%&YWGL2IRX[MGL):IVOEHI,(SRK
4(77XIQTPI(0ERH3FIV)%
3VKERWTIGM½GVIUYMVIQIRXWJSV,HEGMRPMZIVERHTERGVIEW
formation.
Transgenic Red Fluorescent Protein highlights the
developing liver within the digestive system.
94
This transgenic line can also drive the mosaic
I\TVIWWMSRSJQIQFVERIXEVKIXIH¾YSVIWGIRX
proteins (white) to reveal the cell shapes and
arrangement during liver morphogenesis.
Systems Biology
Jim Smith FRS, EMBO member, FMedSci
The molecular basis of mesoderm formation
0EFQIQFIVW%RHVIME&IVREVHS'EQMPPI&SYMWWSY'PEVE'SPPEVX/IZMR(MRK[IPP%PI\)ZI+ISVKI+IRXWGL%PI\0ERKPI]
)PWMI4PEGI8LSQ7TVYGI%RRE7XVSFP%PI\;EXWSR1EV];Y
8LIHMJJIVIRXGIPPX]TIWSJXLIFSH]EVIJSVQIHMRXLIVMKLX
TPEGIERHEXXLIVMKLXXMQIMRVIWTSRWIXSWMKREPWTVSHYGIH
F]WTIGMEPSVKERMWIVVIKMSRWSJXLIIQFV]S8LIWIWMKREPW
SVQSVTLSKIRWEGXMREGSRGIRXVEXMSRHITIRHIRXQERRIV
XSMRHYGIXLIJSVQEXMSRSJHMJJIVIRXGIPPX]TIWEXHMJJIVIRX
TSWMXMSRW[MXLMRHIZIPSTMRKXMWWYIW3RISJXLIIEVPMIWX
MRXIVEGXMSRWSJXLMWOMRHMWQIWSHIVQMRHYGXMSR[LMGLGEYWIW
XLIJSVQEXMSRSJGIPPX]TIWWYGLEWQYWGPIOMHRI]ERHFSRI
EW[IPPEWXLILIEVXERHZEWGYPEVW]WXIQ;IWXYH]XLI
JSVQEXMSRSJXLIQIWSHIVQEW[IPPEWXLEXSJXLIRIYVEP
GVIWX
;IYWIJVSKÎFVE½WLERHQSYWIIQFV]SWEW[IPPEW
)7GIPPWXSWXYH]QIWSHIVQMRHYGMRKJEGXSVWERHXSEWO
LS[GIPPWVIWTSRHXSXLIQ-RTEVXMGYPEV[IYWIMQEKMRK
ETTVSEGLIWXSYRHIVWXERHLS[XLIWMKREPWI\IVXPSRKVERKI
IJJIGXWERHFMSGLIQMGEPERHQEXLIQEXMGEPETTVSEGLIWXS
EWOLS[GIPPWHMWXMRKYMWLFIX[IIRHMJJIVIRXQSVTLSKIR
GSRGIRXVEXMSRW;IEPWSYWIWSTLMWXMGEXIHQSPIGYPEV
XIGLRMUYIWXSIPYGMHEXIXLIKIRIXMGVIKYPEXSV]RIX[SVOW
XLEXHVMZIXLIJSVQEXMSRSJWTIGM½GGIPPX]TIWMRQIWSHIVQ
MRGPYHMRKZEWGYPEVGIPPWERHRIYVEPGVIWX%W[IPPEWLIPTMRK
YRHIVWXERHHIZIPSTQIRXSYV[SVO[MPPEWWMWXMRIJJSVXWXS
HMVIGXWXIQGIPPWHS[RHIWMVIHHIZIPSTQIRXEPTEXL[E]W
Publications
'EPPIV])14EVO'=<Y<>LY,7QMXL.'ERH8LSQWIR
+,
Eps15R is required for bone morphogenetic protein
signalling and differentially compartmentalizes with Smad
proteins.
Open Biology 2
)ZERW%0*EMEP8+MPGLVMWX1.(S[R8:EPPMIV04IHIVWIR6%
;EVHPI*'ERH7QMXL.'
Genomic targets of Brachyury (T) in differentiating mouse
embryonic stem cells.
PLOS ONE 7:e33346
'SPPEVX''LVMWXSZ'47QMXL.'ERH/VYHI8
8LIQMHFPEWXYPEXVERWMXMSRHI½RIWXLISRWIXSJ=62%
dependent DNA replication in Xenopus laevis.
Molecular and Cellular Biology 31¯
(IZIPSTQIRXSJXLIÎFVE½WLGEYHEP
venous plexus requires BMP signalling and
FPSSH¾S[8VIEXQIRX[MXL&14MRLMFMXSV
LDN193189 or knockdown of cardiac
troponin T2a (tnnt2a) causes defects in
plexus formation.
Top: Fluorescent neural crest cells migrate
into the branchial arches of a Xenopus
embryo. Bottom: Sox10 promoter drives
¾YSVIWGIRXTVSXIMRI\TVIWWMSRMRRIYVEP
GVIWXERHTPEGSHIWSJEÎFVE½WLIQFV]S
95
Peter Thorpe
Systems microscopy studies of cell fate determination
0EFQIQFIVW)ZE,IVVIVS)PIRE0IHIWQEERH+YëNzRÌPEJWWSR
%W]QQIXVMGGIPPHMZMWMSRMWXLITVSGIWWF][LMGLSRIGIPP
HMZMHIWXSKMZIX[SGIPPW[MXLHMJJIVIRXJEXIW6ITIEXIH
EW]QQIXVMGHMZMWMSRWEPPS[EJIVXMPMWIHIKKXSKIRIVEXI
HMZIVWIGIPPX]TIWHYVMRKHIZIPSTQIRXERHMREHYPX
WXIQGIPPWWYGLHMZMWMSRWQEMRXEMRXLITSTYPEXMSR[LMPI
WMQYPXERISYWP]KIRIVEXMRKRI[HMJJIVIRXMEXIHGIPPW
8LIKSEPSJSYVKVSYTMWXSHIXIVQMRILS[GIPPYPEV
EW]QQIXV]MWIWXEFPMWLIHERHQEMRXEMRIHSZIVQYPXMTPI
HMZMWMSRWXSGVIEXIGIPPPMRIEKIW7TIGM½GEPP][IJSGYWSR
YRHIVWXERHMRKLS[EW]QQIXV]SJXLIQMXSXMGWTMRHPI
XLIQEGLMRIV]XLEXWIKVIKEXIWGLVSQSWSQIWHYVMRK
HMZMWMSREJJIGXWLS[KIRIXMGMRJSVQEXMSRMWEGGYVEXIP]
TEWWIHHS[RXSHEYKLXIVGIPPW
3YVQSHIPW]WXIQMWXLIFYHHMRK]IEWXSaccharomyces
cerevisiae, which shows patterns of asymmetric division
PMOIXLSWISJQSVIGSQTPI\SVKERMWQW;IIQTPS]
LMKLXLVSYKLTYX¾YSVIWGIRGIQMGVSWGST]XIGLRMUYIW
XLEXEPPS[YWXSVETMHP]WGVIIRXLIPSGEPMWEXMSRPIZIPWERHH]REQMGWSJEPP]IEWXTVSXIMRWERHMRXIKVEXIXLIQMRXSEZMWYEPHEXEWIX
;IEPWSYWIRSZIPLMKLXLVSYKLTYXKIRSQMGWXIGLRMUYIWXSVIHMVIGXTVSXIMRWXSRI[PSGEXMSRW[MXLMRXLIGIPPERHEWWIWWXLI
IJJIGXWYTSRGIPPHMZMWMSR9WMRKXLIWIXSSPW[IEMQXSMHIRXMJ]XLIGSRWIVZIHQIGLERMWQWGSRXVSPPMRKEW]QQIXVMGHMZMWMSRPMRIEKI
WTIGM½GEXMSRERHQMXSXMGWTMRHPIJYRGXMSR
Publications
8LSVTI4,(MXXQEV.'ERH6SXLWXIMR6
ScreenTroll: a searchable database to compare genomewide yeast screens.
Database 2012FEW
8LSVTI4,%PZEVS(0MWF]1ERH6SXLWXIMR6
Bringing Rad52 foci into focus.
Journal of Cell Biology 194
8LSVTI4,&VYRS.ERH6SXLWXIMR6
/MRIXSGLSVIEW]QQIXV]HI½RIWEWMRKPI]IEWXPMRIEKI
-RHMZMHYEP]IEWXEVIMHIRXM½IHZMEEGIPPWYVJEGI
QEVOIV [LMGL HI½RIW XLI GIPP FSYRHEVMIW
Proteins that segregate asymmetrically such
EW &JE EVI EYXSQEXMGEPP] MHIRXM½IH ERH XLIMV
TSWMXMSRERHMRXIRWMX]UYERXM½IH
96
High-throughput yeast genomics allows us to
test how protein interactions affect cell division.
Different protein fusions are arrayed and an
MQEKI½PXIVHEVOTERIPEPPS[WZMWYEPMWEXMSRSJ
growth impaired strains.
7IIVIJIVIRGIWERHMRXLIFMFPMSKVETL]EXXLIFEGO
JSVTYFPMGEXMSRWJVSQXLMWKVSYTMR
James Turner
X chromosome inactivation, meiotic silencing and infertility
0EFQIQFIVW*ERR](IGEVTIRXVMI)PMEW)PMREXM6YTIVX,YKL;LMXI+VÎKSV^4SPMOMI[MG^1ELIWL7ERKVMXLM(ERMIP7RIPP
%PI\;MHKIV
-RQEQQEPW<GLVSQSWSQIMREGXMZEXMSR<'-SGGYVWMREPPGIPPW
MRXLIJIQEPIERHMRHIZIPSTMRKKIVQGIPPWMRXLIQEPI-RJIQEPIW
<'-WIVZIWXSIUYEPMWI<HSWEKI[MXLQEPIW8LIVSPISJ<'-MR
QEPIKIVQGIPPWMWYRGPIEV;IWXYH]XLIQIGLERMWQWYRHIVP]MRK
FSXLJSVQWSJ<'-ERHXLIMR¾YIRGISJ<'-SRXLIKIRIGSRXIRX
SJXLI<GLVSQSWSQI
;ILEZIWLS[RXLEX<'-MRQEPIKIVQGIPPWMWIWWIRXMEPJSVJIVXMPMX]
8LMWWXYH]LEWEPWSEPPS[IHYWXSEWGIVXEMRXLEXQMWI\TVIWWMSRSJ
XLIKIRITEMVZfy1/2MWXLIYRHIVP]MRKGEYWISJWXIVMPMX]MR<==
QEPIW;ILEZIJSYRHXLEXXLI<GLVSQSWSQIMWLMKLP]IRVMGLIH
MRKIRIWMRZSPZIHMRWTIVQHMJJIVIRXMEXMSR[MXLEVSYRHSJ
EPPKIRIWSRXLI<GLVSQSWSQIFIMRKI\TVIWWIHSRP]MRQEPI
KIVQGIPPW1ER]SJXLIWIKIRIWEVIPMOIP]XSFIMQTSVXERXJSV
QEPIJIVXMPMX]-RJIQEPIIYXLIVMERSV³TPEGIRXEP´QEQQEPW<'-MW
QIHMEXIHF]XLIRSRGSHMRK62%XistFYXLS[<'-MWGSRXVSPPIH
MRXLISXLIVQENSVGPEWWSJQEQQEPWXLIQIXEXLIVMERWLEWFIIR
XLIWYFNIGXSJWTIGYPEXMSRJSVHIGEHIW;ILEZIRS[HMWGSZIVIH
ERSRGSHMRK62%GEPPIHRsx[LMGLI\LMFMXWJIEXYVIWGSRWMWXIRX
[MXLEVSPIMR<'-MRXLIWISVKERMWQW8LMWTEZIWXLI[E]JSV
GSQTEVEXMZIWXYHMIWXLEX[MPPEPPS[YWXSFIXXIVYRHIVWXERHLS[
RSRGSHMRK62%WVIKYPEXIKIRII\TVIWWMSR
Publications
+VERX.1ELEHIZEMEL7//LMP47ERKVMXLM126S]S,
(YGO[SVXL.1G'EVVI].6:ERHI&IVK.06IRJVII1&8E]PSV
;)PKEV+'EQIVMRM3XIVS6(+MPGLVMWX1.ERH8YVRIV.1
Rsx is a metatherian RNA with Xist-like properties in
X-chromosome inactivation.
Nature 4879
6S]S,4SPMOMI[MG^+1ELEHIZEMEL7/4VSWWIV,1MXGLIPP1
&VEHPI]%HI6SSMN(+&YVKS]RI47ERH8YVRIV.1%
Evidence that meiotic sex chromosome inactivation is
essential for male fertility.
Current Biology 20
Expression of Rsx, an RNA that coats and
silences the inactive X chromosome (arrow) in
the nucleus of female metatherian cells.
Rsx RNA coats an autosome in cis (arrowhead)
when expressed from a transgene in mouse
ES cells. This causes gene silencing, resulting
in monoallelic expression of autosomal genes
(arrow).
1YIPPIV.01ELEHIZEMEL7/4EVO4.;EVFYVXSR4)4EKI('
ERH8YVRIV.1%
The mouse X chromosome is enriched for multicopy testis
genes showing postmeiotic expression.
Nature Genetics 40
97
Jean-Paul Vincent
Patterning and homeostasis in developing epithelia
0EFQIQFIVW']VMPPI%PI\ERHVI0YMW%PFIVXS&EIRE0STI^/EVIR&IGOIXX&I(VYV]'LPSI,YVPMRK7EXSWLM/EOYKE[E4EYP0ERKXSR
,MWEWLM2SNMQE0YG]4EPQIV
%WQEPPRYQFIVSJWMKREPPMRKQSPIGYPIWSVGLIWXVEXI
KVS[XLERHGIPPJEXIHIGMWMSRWHYVMRKHIZIPSTQIRX
;IMRZIWXMKEXIXLIQIGLERMWQWXLEXGSRXVSPXLI
TVSHYGXMSRWTVIEHERHEGXMZMX]SJSRIWMKREP;MRKPIWW
EQIQFIVSJXLI;RXJEQMP];IEPWSWXYH]LS[XLI
;MRKPIWWKVEHMIRXGSRXVSPWTEXXIVRMRKERHKVS[XL'IPPW
[MXLSZIVEGXMZI;RXWMKREPPMRKIPMQMREXIXLIMVRSVQEP
RIMKLFSYVWE½RHMRKXLEXQE]FIVIPIZERXXSXYQSYV
FMSPSK]-REWITEVEXIFYXVIPEXIHWXVERHSJVIWIEVGL
[IEMQXSYRHIVWXERHXLIQIGLERMWQWXLEXXVMKKIVXLI
IPMQMREXMSRSJGIPPWJSPPS[MRKITMXLIPMEPHMWVYTXMSRSVGIPP
JEXIQMWWTIGM½GEXMSR
(MWVYTXMSRSJITMXLIPMEPGIPPEHLIWMSRPIEHWXS[MHIWTVIEH
ETSTXSWMWETLIRSQIRSRXLEXPMOIP]VI¾IGXWXLIRIIH
XSIPMQMREXIGIPPWXLEXHIXEGLJVSQXLIITMXLIPMYQXLYW
TVIZIRXMRKXLIQJVSQGEYWMRKLEZSG%W[IJSYRH
VIGIRXP].YROMREWI.2/MWEOI]QIHMEXSVSJXLMW
TVSGIWW,S[IZIVLS[ITMXLIPMEPHMWVYTXMSREGXMZEXIW.2/
VIQEMRWXSFIHMWGSZIVIH-X[MPPEPWSFIMQTSVXERXXS
YRHIVWXERH[L]MRSXLIVGIPPYPEVGSRXI\XWXLMWTEXL[E]
HSIWRSXRIGIWWEVMP]XVMKKIVETSTXSWMW;IEVIYWMRK
XVERWGVMTXMSREPTVS½PMRKGSRJSGEPMQEKMRKERHKIRSQMG
IRKMRIIVMRKXSMRZIWXMKEXIXLIPMROWFIX[IIRITMXLIPMEP
HMWVYTXMSR.2/WMKREPPMRKERHETSTXSWMW
Extensive apoptosis in the segmentation mutant fushi tarazu. Dying cells are
marked in red with anti-activated caspase.
Publications
/SPELKEV+&EVHIX400ERKXSR4*%PI\ERHVI'ERH:MRGIRX.4
%TMGEPHI½GMIRG]XVMKKIVW.2/HITIRHIRXETSTXSWMWMRXLIIQFV]SRMGITMHIVQMWSJ
Drosophila.
Development 138
:MRGIRX.4/SPELKEV++EKPMEVHM1ERH4MHHMRM)
Steep differences in wingless signaling trigger Myc-independent competitive cell
interactions.
&IGOIXX/1SRMIV74EPQIV0%PI\ERHVI'+VIIR,&SRRIMP)6ETSWS+8LMFEYPX4
&SVKRI60:MRGIRX.4
Drosophila s2 cells secrete wingless on exosome-like vesicles but the wingless gradient
forms independently of exosomes.
8VEJ½G14
APC mutant cells outcompete neighbouring wild type (wt) cells. Right hand panel
shows that the presence of APC mutant cells (not green) leads to the elimination
of wt cells (green).
98
KVSYTMR
Lyle Zimmerman
Using frog genetics to understand vertebrate development and disease
0EFQIQFIVW%RMXE%FY(E]E8SWMOE^Y%QERS.SEGLMQ/YVXL
,EVZIWXMRKQIHMGEPFIRI½XWJVSQXLILYQERKIRSQIHITIRHWSRYRHIVWXERHMRK
XLIXEWOWXLEXWTIGM½GKIRIWTIVJSVQMRPMZMRKSVKERMWQW3YVKVSYTWXYHMIWKIRI
JYRGXMSRWMQTSVXERXJSVMRMXMEPJSVQEXMSRSJSVKERWERHWYFWIUYIRXHMWIEWITVSGIWWIW
F]MHIRXMJ]MRKERHGLEVEGXIVMWMRKKIRIXMGQYXEXMSRWXLEXTVSJSYRHP]EJJIGXXMWWYI
HIZIPSTQIRX7MRGIQSWXKIRIJYRGXMSRWEVIWLEVIHEQSRKEPPZIVXIFVEXIW[IYWIXLI
IEWMP]WXYHMIHI\XIVREPP]HIZIPSTMRKIQFV]SWSJEJVSK[MXLEWMQTPIGLVSQSWSQEP
WXVYGXYVIXenopus tropicalis
;ILEZITSWMXMSREPP]QETTIHKIRIWYRHIVP]MRKERYQFIVSJQYXEXMSRWMRGPYHMRK
WIZIVEPVIWYPXMRKMREFRSVQEPMXMIWSJSXSGSRMEMRRIVIEVGV]WXEPWXVYGXYVIWIWWIRXMEPJSV
ZIWXMFYPEVFEPERGIJYRGXMSR7XYH]SJXLIWIQYXEXMSRWQE]LIPTYRHIVWXERHEGSQQSR
LYQERFEPERGIHMWSVHIVFIRMKRTSWMXMSREPZIVXMKS8SKIXLIV[MXLGSPPEFSVEXSVW
[ILEZIEPWSYWIHWSPYXMSRL]FVMHMWEXMSR[LSPII\SQIIRVMGLQIRXXIGLRSPSK]XS
MWSPEXIERHWIUYIRGIXLITVSXIMRGSHMRKWTEGISJX. tropicalisKIRSQIWHIVMZIHJVSQ
GLIQMGEPP]QYXEKIRMWIHWXSGOW8LMWWXVEXIK]LEWVETMHP]]MIPHIHQSVIXLERRI[
QYXEXMSRWJSVJYVXLIVWXYH]ERHMRGPYHIWKIRIWXLEXEVIMQTSVXERXJSVEZEVMIX]SJ
TVSGIWWIWMRGPYHMRKGMPMSKIRIWMWPIJXVMKLXEW]QQIXV]ERHIV]XLVSTSMIWMW
Publications
%FY(E]E%/LSOLE1/ERH>MQQIVQER0&
The Hitchhiker’s guide to Xenopus genetics.
genesis 50
1EGLE.8IMGLQERSZE67EXIV%;IPPW(8PETEOSZE8
>MQQIVQER0ERH/V]PSZ:
Deep ancestry of mammalian X chromosome revealed by
comparison with the basal tetrapod Xenopus tropicalis.
BMC Genomics 13:315
%FY(E]E%2MWLMQSXS7*EMVGPSYKL01SLYR8.0SKER
143ERH>MQQIVQER0&
The secreted integrin ligand nephronectin is necessary for
forelimb formation in Xenopus tropicalis.
Xenopus ciliated epidermis mutations model disorders of mammalian lung. grinch
(gri) mutant epidermal cilia are fewer and shorter than wild type (wt); stained
with an antibody to acetylated tubulin (top), SEM (bottom).
99
,MWXSPSKMGEPWIGXMSRSJPYRK8&KVERYPSQEJVSQQSYWIXMWWYI[MXLPEVKI½IPHERHGIPPYPEVVIWSPYXMSR8LIWMÎSJXMWWYIMWETTVS\MQEXIP]
10mm X 14mm.
The sample was kindly provided by Jonathan Pitt (Division of Immunoregulation). The image was taken on VS120 virtual slide scanner
with 20x objective by Kate Sullivan, (Confocal imaging and analysis laboratory).
100
Research facilities
Biological and Procedural Services
Structural biology facilities
MRC Biomedical NMR Centre
X-ray crystallography
Mass spectrometry
Protein sequence analysis and structure modelling
Analytical ultracentrifugation
Imaging
Confocal imaging and analysis
Histology
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Single molecule techniques
Electron cryomicroscopy
3XLIVWGMIRXM½GJEGMPMXMIW
Bioresources
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Genomics
High-throughput sequencing
Microarray
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Level 4 high-containment virus laboratory
Insectary
Electronic instrument prototyping and support
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Other support services
Facilities and Infrastructure Services
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Web Team
General services
Occupational Health
Safety and Security
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101
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Biological and Procedural Services
Kathleen Mathers
8LI(MZMWMSRSJ&MSPSKMGEP7IVZMGIWTVSZMHIWEJYPP]MRXIKVEXIHPEFSVEXSV]ERMQEPERH
XIGLRMGEPVIWSYVGIXSXLI-RWXMXYXI8LIQYPXMHMWGMTPMREV]VIWIEVGLSJXLI-RWXMXYXI
VIUYMVIWEVERKISJWTIGMIWERHQSHIPWERHXSQIIXXLIWIRIIHW[ISTIVEXIERH
QEREKIERYQFIVSJGSQTPI\ERMQEPJEGMPMXMIW8LIWIMRGPYHIERMWSPEXMSRUYEVERXMRI
YRMXGSRXEMRQIRXJEGMPMXMIWEX0IZIPWERHJSVERMQEPWMRJIGXIH[MXLSVKERMWQW
TSXIRXMEPP]LEVQJYPXSQERERHSVXLIIRZMVSRQIRXWTIGMEPMWXTVSGIHYVEPFILEZMSYVEP
ERHWYVKMGEPWYMXIWMQEKMRKERHMVVEHMEXMSRJEGMPMXMIWERHI\XIRWMZIEUYEXMGJEGMPMXMIW8LI
ZEWXQENSVMX]SJERMQEPWMRXLIJEGMPMX]EVIVSHIRXW[MXLPEVKIRYQFIVWSJKIRIXMGEPP]
EPXIVIHPMRIWSJQMGIERHVEXW-REHHMXMSRSYVJEGMPMXMIWLSYWIJIVVIXWVEFFMXWXLI
PEFSVEXSV]STSWWYQÎFVE½WLERH XenopusWTIGMIW8LIWMÎWGSTIERHIJ½GMIRG]
SJ&MSPSKMGEP7IVZMGIWTVSZMHIERI\XVESVHMREV]WIVZMGIXSRIEVP]EPPEWTIGXWSJXLI
-RWXMXYXI´WWGMIRGIEW[IPPEWXSQER]WGMIRXMWXWIPWI[LIVI
The Institute houses over 800 distinct lines of genetically altered mice.
Bioluminescence imaging
Individually ventilated cages
102
RESEARCH FACILITIES
;IEMQXSQIIXEPPXLIRIIHWSJXLIWGMIRXM½G(MZMWMSRW[LMPWXIRWYVMRKXLILMKLIWXTSWWMFPIWXERHEVHWSJLIEPXLERH[IPJEVI
JSVEPPWTIGMIW8LI(MZMWMSRMWEGXMZIMRXLI½IPHSJPEFSVEXSV]ERMQEPWGMIRGIGSRHYGXMRKERHTVSQSXMRKVIWIEVGLERHYTXEOISJ
XLI6WVITPEGIQIRXVIHYGXMSRVI½RIQIRXERHTVIWIRXWMXW[SVOEXREXMSREPERHMRXIVREXMSREPQIIXMRKW8LIERMQEPGEVIERH
XIGLRMGEPWXEJJEVIXVEMRIHMRXLITVSHYGXMSRGEVIERHYWISJERMQEPWJSVVIWIEVGLTYVTSWIWXSXLILMKLIWXWXERHEVHWSJERMQEP
LYWFERHV]WIITEKI%HHMXMSREPP]XLI]TVSZMHIEVERKISJGIRXVEPMWIHTVSGIHYVEPWYTTSVX%JYPPXMQIZIXIVMREV]WYVKISRERH
QMGVSFMSPSKMWXSJJIVEHZMGISRXLILIEPXLERH[IPJEVISJSYVERMQEPW8LI(MZMWMSREPWSTVSZMHIWWIVZMGIWJSVXLIMRGYFEXMSRSJ
JIVXMPIGLMGOIRIKKWERHXLITVSHYGXMSRSJERXMFSHMIW-REHHMXMSREHQMRMWXVEXMSRERHPMGIRGIGSRXVSPYRHIVXLI%RMQEPW7GMIRXM½G
4VSGIHYVIW%GXERHGSSVHMREXMSRSJXLI-RWXMXYXI´W0SGEP)XLMGEP6IZMI[4VSGIWWMWQEREKIHF]&MSPSKMGEP7IVZMGIW
Procedural Service Section
8LI4VSGIHYVEP7IVZMGI7IGXMSRTVSZMHIWEVERKISJWIVZMGIWERHJEGMPMXMIWJSVXLITVSHYGXMSR
QEMRXIRERGIERHTVIWIVZEXMSRSJKIRIXMGEPP]EPXIVIHVSHIRXW8LIWIVZMGITVSHYGIWYTXSRI[
KIRIXMGEPP]EPXIVIHVSHIRXPMRIWIEGL]IEVF]FSXLXVERWKIRMGERHKIRIXEVKIXIHXIGLRSPSKMIW%JYPP
VERKISJXIGLRMUYIWMWIQTPS]IHXSTVSZMHIEGSQTVILIRWMZIWIVZMGIJSVXLIGV]STVIWIVZEXMSRSJ
VSHIRXKIVQTPEWQERHQSVIVIGIRXP]XLIWIVZMGILEWI\TERHIHXSMRGPYHIGV]STVIWIVZEXMSRSJ
JVSKERH½WLWTIVQEXS^SE-REHHMXMSRXLIWIGXMSRMWVIWTSRWMFPIJSVXLIVIHIVMZEXMSRSJRI[PMRIW
MQTSVXIHMRXSXLI-RWXMXYXI)ZIV]]IEVXSKIXLIV[MXL&MSPSKMGEP7IVZMGIWXLI7IGXMSRGSSVHMREXIW
SZIVWLMTQIRXWSJPMZIERMQEPWERHJVSÎRKIVQTPEWQXSGSPPEFSVEXSVWEPPSZIVXLI[SVPH8LI
WXEJJEVIEPWSWOMPPIHMRERYQFIVSJEWWMWXIHVITVSHYGXMZIXIGLRMUYIWMRGPYHMRKin vitroJIVXMPMWEXMSR
ERHMRXVEG]XSTPEWQMGWTIVQMRNIGXMSR[LMGLEVIYWIJYPJSVQEMRXIRERGISJPMRIW[MXLTSSVFVIIHMRK
TIVJSVQERGISVXSTVSZMHIEKIQEXGLIHGSLSVXWJSVI\TIVMQIRXW8LIWIGXMSRMWEPWSGSQQMXXIH
XSMRZIWXMKEXMRKERHMQTPIQIRXMRKXLI6WF]VIWIEVGLMRKERHHIZIPSTMRKRI[VI½RIQIRXWWYGLEW
RSRWYVKMGEPQIXLSHWSJIQFV]SXVERWJIV
ES cell microinjection
Procedural Services Manager:
Sarah Johnson
Analysis of murine sperm motility prior to cryopreservation.
103
RESEARCH FACILITIES
MRC Biomedical NMR Centre
Tom Frenkiel
'S[SVOIVW+ISJJ/IPP]%PEMR3VIKMSRM
8LI16'&MSQIHMGEP216'IRXVIMWEQYPXMYWIVJEGMPMX]JSV
FMSQSPIGYPEVPMUYMHWXEXIRYGPIEVQEKRIXMGVIWSRERGI216[LMGL
[EWWIXYTF]XLI16'MRXSTVSZMHIEHZERGIHERH[IPP
WYTTSVXIHJEGMPMXMIWJSVYWIF]WGMIRXMWXWJVSQ2-16ERHSXLIVEGEHIQMG
VIWIEVGLIWXEFPMWLQIRXW'YVVIRXP]I\XIVREPKVSYTWQEOIYWISJXLI
'IRXVI´WJEGMPMXMIW216WXYHMIWSJXLIX]TIGEVVMIHSYXEXXLI'IRXVI
TVSZMHIE[MHIVERKISJMRJSVQEXMSRVERKMRKJVSQXLIEXSQMGPIZIP
IKHIXIVQMRMRKXLIT/ESJMRHMZMHYEPLMWXMHMRIKVSYTWMRTVSXIMRW
XLVSYKLXSJYPPHIXIVQMREXMSRSJXLIWXVYGXYVIERHH]REQMGWSJTVSXIMRW
MRWSPYXMSR%RMQTSVXERXEVIESJETTPMGEXMSRMWXLIMHIRXM½GEXMSRSJ
MRXIVEGXMSRWYVJEGIWFIX[IIRXLIGSQTSRIRXWSJQEGVSQSPIGYPEV
GSQTPI\IW
8LI'IRXVI´WJEGMPMXMIWGSRWMWXSJJSYVWTIGXVSQIXIVW[MXL,STIVEXMRK
JVIUYIRGMIWWTERRMRKXS1,^GSR½KYVIHJSVWXYHMIWSJ
FMSPSKMGEPQEGVSQSPIGYPIWMRWSPYXMSR8LVIISJXLIMRWXVYQIRXWLEZI
GV]SKIRMGEPP]GSSPIHTVSFIWERHSRIMWIUYMTTIH[MXLEREYXSQEXMG
WEQTPIGLERKIV3ZIVXLIRI\XX[S]IEVWXLI'IRXVI[MPPFIRI½XJVSQ
WYFWXERXMEPRI[MRZIWXQIRXERH[MPPFIEHHMRKEWTIGXVSQIXIV[MXLER
STIVEXMRKJVIUYIRG]SJ1,^8LMW[MPPFISRP]XLIWIGSRHWYGL
MRWXVYQIRXMRXLI9/
NMR studies of the effect of K117 ubiquitination on the structure and enzymatic
activity of the josephin domain of ataxin-3. (A.Pastore and S. Faggiano of the Division of
Molecular Structure, in collaboration with G. Kelly) The structure and spectrum of free
josephin are shown in blue; those of josephin in the ubiquitin complex are in green.
Magnet of the 800 MHz spectrometer.
104
6ITVIWIRXEXMZITYFPMGEXMSRWEVIPMWXIHSRXLI'IRXVI´W[IFWMXI[[[RQVGIRXVIQVGEGYO
RESEARCH FACILITIES
X-ray crystallography
4VSXIMR<VE]GV]WXEPPSKVETL]MWEXIGLRMUYIXLEXTVSHYGIWEXLVIIHMQIRWMSREPQSHIPSJXLIWXVYGXYVISJETVSXIMREXEXSQMG
VIWSPYXMSR8LI<VE]GV]WXEPPSKVETL]JEGMPMXMIW[MXLMRXLI(MZMWMSRSJ1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVIEXXLI-RWXMXYXIEVIWXEXISJXLIEVX
ERHMRGPYHIELMKLMRXIRWMX]<VE]WSYVGIGSYTPIH[MXLEREYXSQEXIHVSFSXMGWEQTPIQSYRXMRKW]WXIQ[LMGLEPPS[WXLI
YREXXIRHIHWGVIIRMRKSJGV]WXEPWMREWMRKPII\TIVMQIRX(MJJVEGXMRKTVSXIMRGV]WXEPWEVIXLIGYPQMREXMSRSJERI\XIRWMZIWIVMIW
SJI\TIVMQIRXEPTVSGIHYVIW[LMGLMRGPYHITVSXIMRTYVM½GEXMSRERHTVSXIMRGV]WXEPPMWEXMSR%VERKISJWSTLMWXMGEXIHXIGLRMUYIWMW
IQTPS]IHXSLIPTI\TPSVIXLIPEVKIWXRYQFIVSJGSRHMXMSRW[MXLMRIEGLSJXLITVSNIGXWYRHIVMRZIWXMKEXMSR8LIWIMRGPYHIXLSWI
XIGLRMUYIWFIMRKHIZIPSTIHMRXLI4VSXIMR)\TVIWWMSR0EFXSKIXLIV[MXLE[MHIVERKISJVSFSXMGTVSGIHYVIWXSWIXYTQYPXM[IPP
HMWLIWERHXSEYXSQEXMGEPP]WGVIIRJSVTVSXIMRGV]WXEPW
X-ray generator and automated sample mounting robot insert shows the
loop used to hold the protein crystal.
The Protein Expression Lab[EWIWXEFPMWLIHMR
to provide dedicated support to members of the Division of
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI8LIJEGMPMX]TVSZMHIWEGSQTVILIRWMZI
VIWSYVGIJSVXLITVSHYGXMSRSJVIGSQFMRERXTVSXIMRW
'YVVIRXP][ISJJIVEGLSMGISJX[SI\TVIWWMSRW]WXIQW
FEGXIVMEERHMRWIGXGIPPW%LMKLXLVSYKLTYXTMTIPMRIJSVGPSRMRK
(2%JVEKQIRXWERHWQEPPWGEPII\TVIWWMSRXIWXWMRE. coli has
FIIRIWXEFPMWLIHEPPS[MRKXLIKIRIVEXMSRERHWGVIIRMRKSJ
I\TVIWWMSRGSRWXVYGXWMRE[IIO-RTEVEPPIPTVSXIMRWEVI
EPWSI\TVIWWIHMRMRWIGXGIPPWYWMRKXLIFEGYPSZMVYWI\TVIWWMSR
ZIGXSVW]WXIQ&):77IVZMGIWMRGPYHIXLIKIRIVEXMSRERH
EQTPM½GEXMSRSJLMKLXMXVIFEGYPSZMVYWWXSGOWEREP]XMGEPWGEPI
TVSHYGXMSRWJSVSTXMQMWEXMSRSJTVSXIMRI\TVIWWMSRERH
TVITEVEXMZIWGEPITVSHYGXMSRW-REHHMXMSRXLIJEGMPMX]QEMRXEMRW
EZIGXSV(2%VITSWMXSV]TVSZMHIWMRLSYWIZIGXSVHIWMKR
XVSYFPIWLSSXMRKERHXVEMRMRK
To the right is a cartoon representation of the crystal structure of
mammalian AMP kinase (AMPK) with 2 bound AMP molecules. To the left
is a surface representation of the same molecule. The regulatory subunits
are shown in red (gamma-subunit), green (beta-subunit) and cyan (alphasubunit). Two bound molecules of AMP are shown in stick representation.
The kinase domain is shown in yellow.
Insect cell expression in a Wave Bioreactor™.
105
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Mass spectrometry
Steve Howell
8LITVSXISQMGWERHQEWWWTIGXVSQIXV]JEGMPMX]MWLSYWIH
MRETYVTSWIFYMPXWYMXI-XGYVVIRXP]LSYWIWXLVIIQEWW
WTIGXVSQIXIVWERHERGMPPEV]IUYMTQIRX[LMGLEVIYWIHMRE
VERKISJFMSGLIQMGEPEREP]WIW%WXEXISJXLIEVX085:IPSW
3VFMXVETLMKLVIWSPYXMSRXERHIQ17GSYTPIHXSERERS,40'
MWYXMPMWIHMRTVSXISQMGWWXYHMIWERHMWGETEFPISJMHIRXMJ]MRK
LYRHVIHWSJTVSXIMRWJVSQEWMRKPIVYR4VSXIMRUYERXM½GEXMSR
MWTIVJSVQIHYWMRKWXERHEVHXIGLRMUYIWWYGLEW7-0%'SV
M86%5PEFIPPMRK-HIRXM½GEXMSRSJXLIWMXIWSJTSWXXVERWPEXMSREP
QSHM½GEXMSRWWYGLEWTLSWTLSV]PEXMSRERHYFMUYMXMREXMSRMWEPWS
EGLMIZIHSRXLMWMRWXVYQIRX
%UYEHVYTSPIXMQISJ¾MKLXXERHIQQEWWWTIGXVSQIXIV
IUYMTTIH[MXLERIPIGXVSWTVE]WSYVGIMWYXMPMWIHJSVTVSXIMRERH
TITXMHIGLEVEGXIVMWEXMSR%+'17LEWVIGIRXP]FIIREHHIHXS
XLIJEGMPMX]ERHMWGYVVIRXP]YWIHMRQIXEFSPSQMGWVIWIEVGLWYGL
EWXLIUYERXM½GEXMSRSJJEXX]EGMHW
Phosphorylation site localisation by LC MS/MS.
The nano-electrospray source of the Orbitrap Velos.
(YVMRKXLI2-161EWW7TIGXVSQIXV]JEGMPMX][MPPFI
MRGVIEWMRKP]MRXIKVEXIH[MXLXLI'69/0SRHSR6IWIEVGL-RWXMXYXI´W
4VSXIMR%REP]WMWERH4VSXISQMGW'SVI8IGLRSPSK]4PEXJSVQ
Bram Snijders
LRI Core Technology Platform, Protein Analysis and Proteomics
106
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Protein sequence analysis and structure modelling
José Saldanha
'SQTYXEXMSREPXSSPWJSVTVIHMGXMSREREP]WMWERHZMWYEPMWEXMSR
GERTVSZMHIMRWTMVEXMSREPRI[[E]WXSPSSOEXHEXERSQEXXIV
[LMGLTVSXIMRJEQMP]MWXLIQEMRJSGYWSJVIWIEVGL*VSQLMKL
PIZIPTVIHMGXMSRWSJTVSXIMRXSTSPSK]F]XIQTPEXIJVIIQIXLSHW
WSQIXMQIWGEPPIHab initioXLVSYKLXLVIIHMQIRWMSREPEPPEXSQ
QSHIPWSJTVSXIMRWXVYGXYVIXSHIXEMPIHTVSXIMRPMKERHHSGOMRK
WXYHMIWXLISVIXMGEPQIXLSHWHIZIPSTIHFSXLEX2-16ERHMRXLI
[MHIVEGEHIQMGGSQQYRMX]GERWYKKIWXRI[MRWMKLXWERHRI[
L]TSXLIWIWPIEHMRKXSXLIHIWMKRSJJVYMXJYPI\TIVMQIRXW
%WYTTSVXWIVZMGIJSVTVSXIMRWIUYIRGIEREP]WMWERHWXVYGXYVI
QSHIPPMRKMWTVSZMHIH-XHVE[WSRWXEXISJXLIEVXEPKSVMXLQW
FIMRKHIZIPSTIHF]I\TIVXWMRXLI(MZMWMSRSJ1EXLIQEXMGEP
&MSPSK]EW[IPPEWXLIQER]GSQTYXIVTVSKVEQWJVIIP]EZEMPEFPI
JVSQXLIWGMIRXM½GGSQQYRMX]8LIVIMWEPWSERMRLSYWI
GSQQIVGMEPGSQTYXIVKVETLMGWTEGOEKIJSVHIXEMPIHXLVII
HMQIRWMSREPQSHIPPMRK8LIWIVZMGIMWEZEMPEFPIXSEPP2-16
WGMIRXMWXWERHI\XIVREPGSPPEFSVEXSVW
Ribbon representation of the three-dimensional molecular model of murine
cytochrome P450 1A1.
Publications
/E]I6+7EPHERLE.;0Y>0ERH,YPQI)'
Helix 8 of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor: scanning mutagenesis delineates a G
protein recognition site.
+VERX.7EPHERLE.;ERH+SYPH%4
A DrosophilaQSHIPJSVTVMQEV]GSIR^]QI5HI½GMIRG]ERHHMIXEV]VIWGYIMRXLI
developing nervous system.
Disease Models & Mechanisms 3
7EPHERLE.;
Humanization of Recombinant Antibodies in ‘Recombinant Antibodies for Immunotherapy’ )H
10MXXPI'EQFVMHKI9RMZIVWMX]4VIWW
Endogenous ligand FICZ (centre pale blue molecule) docked to
molecular model of murine cytochrome P450 1A1. Heme group of
enzyme in green on right (collaboration with Stockinger group).
107
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Analytical ultracentrifugation
8LI-RWXMXYXILEWX[SEREP]XMGEPYPXVEGIRXVMJYKIWPSGEXIHMRXLI(MZMWMSR
SJ4L]WMGEP&MSGLIQMWXV]8LIWIMRWXVYQIRXWTVSZMHI½VWXTVMRGMTPI
L]HVSH]REQMGERHXLIVQSH]REQMGMRJSVQEXMSRGSRGIVRMRKXLIWMÎ
WLETIERHEWWSGMEXMSRWXEXISJQEGVSQSPIGYPIW*SVFEWMGETTPMGEXMSRW
XLIX[SMRWXVYQIRXW<0%ERH<0-EVIIUYMTTIH[MXL9::MW
STXMGWXLEXVIGSVHVEHMEPEFWSVFERGIQIEWYVIQIRXWERHQSRMXSV
IZSPZMRKWIHMQIRXEXMSRZIPSGMX]SVWXEXMGWIHMQIRXEXMSRIUYMPMFVMYQ
GSRGIRXVEXMSRKVEHMIRXW8LI<0-MWEHHMXMSREPP]IUYMTTIH[MXL6E]PIMKL
MRXIVJIVIRGISTXMGWXLEXQIEWYVIGSRGIRXVEXMSRTVS½PIWHMVIGXP]JVSQ
WSPYXIVIJVEGXMZIMRHI\KVEHMIRXW
-RXIVJIVIRGIERHEFWSVFERGIHEXEEVIVIGSVHIHWMQYPXERISYWP]MRXLI<0-
ERHMRWMQTPIW]WXIQWYWIHJSVXLIHIXIVQMREXMSRSJWSPYXMSRQSPIGYPEV
[IMKLXWSJTVSXIMRWRYGPIMGEGMHWERHTSP]WEGGLEVMHIW%HHMXMSREPP]
F]GSQFMRMRKMRXIVJIVIRGIERHEFWSVFERGIHEXEQIEWYVIQIRXWSJ
stoichiometries and association constants for interactions between
QSPIGYPIWMRGSQTPI\EWWSGMEXMRKW]WXIQWGERFIEPWSFIYRHIVXEOIR
Bottom, optical detection system of the XL-I analytical ultracentrifuge
consisting of a UV/Vis spectrophotometer and laser interferometer. A
fringe displacement pattern produced by a moving concentration boundary
measured by the Rayleigh interference optics of the XL-I is shown above.
Left, data from a sedimentation velocity experiment performed on the XL-I. On the right, the continuous
HMWXVMFYXMSRSJWIHMQIRXEXMSRGSIJ½GMIRXWXLEXFIWX½XWXLIIZSPZMRKGSRGIRXVEXMSRTVS½PI
108
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Confocal imaging and analysis
Yan Gu
'S[SVOIVW(SREPH&IPP'LIR5MER/EXI7YPPMZER
8LI'SRJSGEP-QEKMRKERH%REP]WMW0EFSVEXSV]'-%0TVSZMHIW
ERMQEKMRKGSVIJEGMPMX]EX2-168LIJEGMPMX]GSZIVWWM\GSRJSGEP
QMGVSWGSTIWXLVII[MHI½IPH¾YSVIWGIRGIQMGVSWGSTIWEQYPXMTLSXSR
QMGVSWGSTIEWPMHIVVIEHIVE[IPPTPEXIVIEHIVEWTMRRMRKHMWG8-6*
QMGVSWGSTIX[SSJ¾MRI[SVOWXEXMSRWERHMQEKITVSGIWWMRKWSJX[EVI
WYGLEW:SPSGMX]-QEVMW-QEKI.1IXEQSVTLERH1EX0EF'YVVIRXP]XLI
JEGMPMX]WYTTSVXWVIWIEVGLIVWJVSQ(MZMWMSRW9WIVWSTIVEXIXLI
W]WXIQFYXXLIGSQTPI\MX]SJMQEKMRKQEOIWWYTTSVXERI\XVIQIP]
MQTSVXERXEWTIGXSJXLIJEGMPMX];IVSYXMRIP]TVSZMHIYWIVW[MXL
XVEMRMRKXVSYFPIWLSSXMRKGSRWYPXEXMSRERHQMGVSWGSTIQEMRXIRERGI
;IEPWSWYTTSVXWTIGMEPXIGLRMUYIWWYGLEWXLMGOXMWWYIMQEKMRKPMZIGIPP
I\TIVMQIRXWRHLEVQSRMGKIRIVEXMSRMQEKMRKUYERXMXEXMZIMQEKMRK
HIGSRZSPYXMSRMQEKMRKERHEYXSQEXMGGIPPGSYRXMRK
6IWIEVGLEGXMZMXMIWMR'-%0EVIJSGYWIHSRXIGLRMUYIWSJWIPIGXMZIWMRKPI
TPERIMPPYQMREXMSRQMGVSWGST]LMKLVIWSPYXMSRMQEKMRKLMKLXLVSYKLTYX
MQEKMRKEYXSQEXMGGIPPWIKQIRXEXMSRERHXVEGOMRKERHSXLIVWVIPIZERX
XS2-16VIWIEVGL8LIPEFLEWI\TIVXMWIMRWEQTPITVITEVEXMSRERH
PEFIPPMRKPMZI½\IHWEQTPIMQEKMRKERHLEVH[EVIWSJX[EVIHIZIPSTQIRX
XSQIIXXLIRIIHWSJ2-16VIWIEVGLIVW
,MKLVIWSPYXMSRWRETWLSXSJEHE]ÎFVE½WLYWMRK7IPIGXMZI4PERI-PPYQMREXMSR
Microscope developed by CIAL.
Publications
Snapshot from a live imaging experiment of germ
cells in mouse testis. Investigating the effects of
aneuploidy on fertility.
4EGEV]),EEW1%;MPHRIV,%^ÊVIPPM6&IPP(1%FVSYW(2ERH+YMPPIQSX*
Visualization and genetic manipulation of dendrites and spines in the mouse cerebral cortex and
hippocampus using in utero electroporation.
Journal of Visualized Experiments e4163
7YPPMZER//PSIWW.5MER'&IPP(,E]%0MR=4ERH+Y=
,MKLXLVSYKLTYXZMVYWTPEUYIUYERXMXEXMSRYWMRKE¾EXFIHWGERRIV
Journal of Virological Methods 179
,EHNMIGSRSQSY(6SXOSTJ7%PI\ERHVI'&IPP(1(MGOWSR&.ERH7EPIGOIV-
Flybow: genetic multicolor cell labeling for neural circuit analysis in Drosophila melanogaster.
Nature Methods 8
109
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Histology
Radma Mahmood
'S[SVOIVW6EHLM%RERH
8LI,MWXSPSK]WIVZMGITVSZMHIWEVERKISJWIGXMSRMRKXIGLRMUYIWJSV
ZMWYEPMWEXMSRSJXMWWYIWXVYGXYVIERHKIRII\TVIWWMSRMRERMQEPVIWIEVGL
QSHIPW&]QEOMRKTEVEJ½RFPSGOWSJERMQEPXMWWYIW[ITVSHYGIXLMR
WIGXMSRWXLEX[LIRWXEMRIHEPPS[JSVEREP]WMWSJXMWWYIWEXEGIPPYPEVPIZIP
8MWWYIWEVIEYXSQEXMGEPP]TVSGIWWIHIQFIHHIHMRXSTEVEJ½RFPSGOWERH
WIGXMSRIHQERYEPP]F]JEGMPMX]LMWXSPSKMWXW7PMHIWKIRIVEXIHEVIWXEMRIH
JSVGIPPERHRYGPIEVWXVYGXYVISVPIJXYRWXEMRIHJSVXLIVIWIEVGLIV´W
S[RYWI2I[P]EGUYMVIHIUYMTQIRXMRGPYHIWXLI0IMGEEYXSQEXIH
XMWWYITVSGIWWSV%74ERHEYXSQEXIHWPMHIWXEMRIV%YXSWXEMRIV
<0EW[IPPEWX[SRI[VSXEV]QMGVSXSQIWERHGV]SWXEXW8LI%74
TVSGIWWSVYXMPMWIWXIRHMJJIVIRXTVSGIWWMRKTVSKVEQWHIWMKRIHXS
STXMQEPP]QEMRXEMRQSVTLSPSK]SJEPPXMWWYIWJVSQQSYWIIQFV]SWERH
RISREXIWVEXWJVSKWERH½WLEW[IPPEWLYQERVIWIEVGLWEQTPIW4EVEJ½R
XMWWYIFPSGOWEVIWIGXMSRIHQERYEPP]ERHXLIEYXSQEXIHWXEMRIVMWYWIH
JSVLIQEXS\]PMRERHISWMR,
)WXEMRMRK7TIGMEPWXEMRWWYGLEW1EWWSR´W
8VMGLVSQIJSVGSPPEKIREVITIVJSVQIHQERYEPP]
7LEVIHVIWSYVGIWEZEMPEFPIXSVIWIEVGLIVWMRGPYHIGV]SWXEXWJSV
JVSÎRWIGXMSRWERHEQMGVSXSQIJSVTEVEJ½RWIGXMSRW8LIWIVZMGI
EPWSTVSZMHIWXVEMRMRKTVSXSGSPWERHEWWMWXERGIJSVMRZIWXMKEXSVWSR
EPPEWTIGXWSJLMWXSPSK]MRGPYHMRKXMWWYI½\EXMSRXMWWYITVSGIWWMRKERH
MQQYRSLMWXSGLIQMGEPXIGLRMUYIW
Nodes with Lac Z staining in blue and
counter-stained with nuclear fast red, Lac Z
is found predominantly in the centre/core of
the tissue.
H&E staining of mouse lung TB granuloma day 134 post aerosol
M. tuberculosis infection.
Cross-section of frozen Drosophila larva
showing the cuticle and circular trachea
stained with DAPI (blue) and di-tyrosine
immuno-staining (green).
Cryosection through the head of a 3 days post-fertilisation
8K¾MEI+*4ÎFVE½WLIQFV]S+VIIR!+*4FPYI!(%4-
red = WGA.
110
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Electron microscopy
Liz Hirst
8LI)1JEGMPMX]LEWFSXLE8VERWQMWWMSR)PIGXVSR1MGVSWGSTI
8)1.ISP)<ERHE7GERRMRK)PIGXVSR1MGVSWGSTI
7)1.ISP'*FSXLSJ[LMGLLEZIFIIRYTKVEHIHXS
HMKMXEPTLSXSKVETL]+EXER3VMYWERH7IQ%JSVI
VIWTIGXMZIP]8LIVIMWEPWSEHIHMGEXIH)1TVSGIWWMRK
PEFSVEXSV]7XEJJJVSQER]HITEVXQIRXEX2-16QE]VIUYIWX
8)1SV7)1MRZIWXMKEXMSRWMRWYTTSVXSJXLIMVWGMIRXM½G
WXYHMIW+IRIVEPP]WEQTPIWEVITVSZMHIHF]XLIVIUYIWXIV
ERHEREP]WIHF]8)1ERHSV7)1[MXLVIJIVIRGIXSXLI
UYIWXMSRWSJWTIGM½GMRXIVIWXJSVXLIMVTVSNIGX6IWYPXWX]TMGEPP]
GSRWMWXSJVITVIWIRXEXMZIQMGVSKVETLWERHE[VMXXIRVITSVX
SJXLIMRXIVTVIXEXMSRSJXLIYPXVEWXVYGXYVEPQSVTLSPSK]
JSVHMWGYWWMSRERHTYFPMGEXMSR8IGLRMGEPEHZMGIXVEMRMRK
ERHWYTTSVXMWEPWSTVSZMHIHJSVWXEJJ[MWLMRKXSPIEVR)1
XIGLRMUYIW
8)1XIGLRMUYIWEZEMPEFPIMRGPYHIYPXVEXLMRWIGXMSRMRKERH
YPXVEWXVYGXYVEPEREP]WMWSJI\TIVMQIRXEPXMWWYIWGIPPGYPXYVIW
SVWYFGIPPYPEVTIPPIXW-QQYRS)1XIGLRMUYIWTVSZMHIHEVI
TSWXIQFIHHMRKMQQYRSKSPHPEFIPPMRKSJERXMKIRWYTSR
YPXVEXLMRWIGXMSRWSVTVIIQFIHHMRKF],64PEFIPPMRK7)1
XIGLRMUYIWEZEMPEFPIMRGPYHIMRXIVREPEREXSQ]F]HV]JVEGXYVI
SVHMWWIGXMSREW[IPPEWI\XIVREPXSTSPSK]
Transmission EM: Endogenous Murine Leukaemia Virus is expressed in
P]QTLRSHII\XVEGIPPYPEVWTEGIWSJERMQQYRSHI½GMIRXQSYWIWXVEMR
(Immunoregulation).
Immuno-EM
demonstrates that
the essential malaria
parasite enzyme
SERA6 localises to
the intraerythrocytic
parasitophorous
vacuole of
Plasmodium falciparum.
(Parasitology)
Publications
6YIGOIV%7LIE1,EGOIXX*7YEVI^',MVWX)1%1MPYXMRSZMG/;MXLIVW1EVXMRI^'ERH&PEGOQER
1.
Proteolytic activation of the essential parasitophorous vacuole cysteine protease SERA6
accompanies malaria parasite egress from its host erythrocyte.
'VY^'6MFIW:/YXINSZE)'E]YWS.0E[WSR:2SVVMW(7XIZIRW.(EZI]1&PMKLX/&ERKW*
1]RIXX%,MVWX)'LYRK6&EPEWOEW2&VSH]701EVXM)ERH&VMWGSI.
*S\NVIKYPEXIW¾SSVTPEXIGMPMEEVGLMXIGXYVIERHQSHM½IWXLIVIWTSRWISJGIPPWXSWSRMGLIHKILSK
signalling.
Development 137
4SP]EOSZE3(IEV(7XIVR-1EVXMR7,MVWX)&E[YQME72EWL%(SHWSR+&VSRWXIMR-ERH&E]PI]
41
Proteolysis of prion protein by cathepsin S generates a soluble `-structured intermediate
oligomeric form, with potential implications for neurotoxic mechanisms.
European Biophysics Journal 38
Scanning EM: Knock
Down of a Drosophila
chromatin remodelling
factor interferes
with compound eye
development.
(Molecular
Neurobiology)
111
RESEARCH FACILITIES
OPT and HREM imaging
-QEKMRKQIXLSHWTPE]ERMRGVIEWMRKP]GIRXVEPVSPIMRIREFPMRKKIRISVTVSXIMREGXMZMX]XSFIPMROIHXSJYRGXMSRERHTLIRSX]TIJVSQ
WYFGIPPYPEVXS[LSPISVKERMWQPIZIPW;MXLMRXLI(MZMWMSRSJ(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]XLI-RWXMXYXILEWHIZIPSTIHHIHMGEXIHJEGMPMXMIW
JSVMQEKMRKGSQTPI\QSVTLSPSK]ERHKIRII\TVIWWMSRSJIQFV]SRMGERHEHYPXXMWWYIMR(YWMRK3TXMGEP4VSNIGXMSR8SQSKVETL]
348ERH,MKL6IWSPYXMSR)TMWGSTMG1MGVSWGST],6)18LMWGSQTPIQIRXWI\MWXMRKJEGMPMXMIWEX2-16TVSZMHIHF]XLI'SRJSGEP
-QEKMRKERH%REP]WMW0EFTEKIERH,MWXSPSK]TEKI%YXSQEXIH,6)1HIZIPSTIHEX2-16JSVQWXLIFEWMWSJER
SRKSMRKTVSNIGXJYRHIHF]XLI;IPPGSQI8VYWXERHWYTTSVXIHF]XLI1IHMGEP6IWIEVGL'SYRGMPXSTVSZMHIGSQTVILIRWMZI
MQEKMRKSJRSVQEPERHQYXERXQSYWIIQFV]SWEXYRTVIGIHIRXIHVIWSPYXMSR8LIJVIIP]EZEMPEFPIHEXE[[[IQFV]SMQEKMRKSVK
GSQTPIQIRXWXERHEVHEREXSQMGEPXI\XWERHGERJSVQXLIFEWMWJSVW]WXIQEXMGEREP]WMWSJQYXERXQSVTLSPSKMGEPTLIRSX]TIW
OPT imaging of the transcription factor Hnf3` (red) in
the mouse embryo.
112
HREM imaging of mouse embryo tissue structure and 3D morphology.
RESEARCH
RESE
EAR
ARC
CH
H FACILITIES
FAC
ACIIL
LIT
LIT
TIE
IES
S
Single molecule techniques
7MRKPIQSPIGYPII\TIVMQIRXWKMZIMRWMKLXWMRXSLS[FMSPSKMGEPQSPIGYPIW[SVOERHLS[XLI]EVIWXVYGXYVIH7IZIVEPVIWIEVGL
KVSYTWEX2-16ETTP]ERHHIZIPSTQIXLSHWXSWXYH]WMRKPIQSPIGYPIW7SQISJXLIWIXIGLRMUYIWTVSZMHILMKLVIWSPYXMSRMQEKIW
SJXLIQSPIGYPIWERHSXLIVWKMZIH]REQMGMRJSVQEXMSREFSYXXLIMRXIVEGXMSRWFIX[IIRTVSXIMRW(2%PMTMHQIQFVERIWERHWQEPP
PMKERHQSPIGYPIW
TIRF (right) and Optical Tweezers (left) are powerful tools that assist studies of motor proteins which are the
molecular machines contained in every cell of the body. (Images by Gregory Mashanov and Justin Molloy)
;ILEZIHIZIPSTIHQIXLSHWXSZMWYEPMWIERHQERMTYPEXIWMRKPIQSPIGYPIW[MXLLMKLXMQIVIWSPYXMSRYWMRKX[SPEWIVFEWIH
XIGLRMUYIW8SXEP-RXIVREP6I¾IGXMSR*PYSVIWGIRGI8-6*QMGVSWGST]ERHOptical Tweezers388-6*QMGVSWGST]YWIWXLI
IZERIWGIRX½IPHEWWSGMEXIH[MXLEXSXEPP]MRXIVREPP]VI¾IGXIHPEWIVFIEQXSI\GMXI¾YSVSTLSVIWEXXLIWYVJEGISJEQMGVSWGSTI
GSZIVWPMT7IRWMXMZIGEQIVEW]WXIQWEVIYWIHXSHIXIGXPMKLXIQMXXIHF]XLI¾YSVSTLSVIW8LIWIQIEWYVIQIRXWLEZIEVIWSPYXMSR
SJEVSYRH½ZIRERSQIXVIW[MXLMRQMPPMWIGSRHW3TXMGEP8[IIÎVWQEOIYWISJVEHMEXMSRTVIWWYVIXSTMGOYTERHQERMTYPEXI
MRHMZMHYEPQSPIGYPIW9WMRKJEWXHIXIGXSVWXLITSWMXMSRSJSTXMGEPP]XVETTIHTEVXMGPIWEVIQIEWYVIH[MXLRERSQIXVITVIGMWMSR
WSXLEXJSVGIWERHQSZIQIRXWTVSHYGIHF]WMRKPIQSPIGYPIWGERFIQIEWYVIH8LIVIWSPYXMSRMWEVSYRHSRIRERSQIXVIIZIV]
QMPPMWIGSRH
Atomic Force Microscopy%*1IREFPIWYWXSEREP]WIXLI
WXVYGXYVISJFMSPSKMGEPQSPIGYPIWF]WGERRMRKXLIMVWYVJEGI
XSTSPSK]YWMRKEQMGVSJEFVMGEXIHQIGLERMGEPTVSFISV±XMT²
8LI%*1YWIHEX2-16.4/2ERS;MÊVHMWMHIEPP]WYMXIH
XSWXYH]MRKFMSPSKMGEPQEXIVMEPWMREUYISYWWSPYXMSREXVSSQ
XIQTIVEXYVI%WXLI%*1XMTMWWGERRIHSZIVXLIWEQTPIMX
VMHIWSZIVQSPIGYPIW½\IHXSXLIWYVJEGI(I¾IGXMSRWSJXLIXMT
EVIQIEWYVIHYWMRKEPEWIVFEWIHTSWMXMSRWIRWSVTVSHYGMRKE
XLVIIHMQIRWMSREPXSTSPSKMGEPQETSJXLIWYVJEGI8LIXIGLRMUYI
MWMHIEPP]WYMXIHXSWXYHMIWSJQEXIVMEPJSV[LMGLLMKLVIWSPYXMSR
H]REQMGMRJSVQEXMSRMWVIUYMVIH8LIYPXMQEXIVIWSPYXMSRHITIRHW
SRXLIWLEVTRIWWERHWXMJJRIWWSJXLIWMPMGSRXMTXLIQIGLERMGEP
TVSTIVXMIWSJXLIWTIGMQIRERHEPWSYTSRXLIQIGLERMGEP
WXEFMPMX]SJXLIPEFSVEXSV]ERHQMGVSWGSTIW]WXIQ*SVWSJX
FMSPSKMGEPQSPIGYPIWXLIVIWSPYXMSRMWEVSYRH½ZIRERSQIXVIW
9TTIVTERIPWLS[WEWMRKPIEGXMR½PEQIRXERHEWMRKPIQMGVSXYFYPI18F]
Iwan Schaap); lower panels show different phases of bacterial Plasmid DNA
replication (by Claudia Arbore).
113
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Electron cryomicroscopy
,MKLVIWSPYXMSRGV]SIPIGXVSRQMGVSWGST]GV]S)1IREFPIW
XLIWXVYGXYVISJFMSPSKMGEPQSPIGYPIWERHPEVKIVQEXIVMEPWXSFI
ZMWYEPMWIHMREJVSÎRL]HVEXIHWXEXI[MXLSYX½\EXMSRSVWXEMRMRK
%REUYISYWWSPYXMSRGSRXEMRMRKXLIWTIGMQIRMWJVSÎRZIV]
VETMHP]XSPMUYMHRMXVSKIRXIQTIVEXYVIW;LIRGSSPIHVETMHP]
[EXIVJSVQWEKPEWWVEXLIVXLERJSVQMRKMGIGV]WXEPWERHXLI
IQFIHHIHFMSPSKMGEPQEXIVMEPPSGOIHMRXLMWXVERWTEVIRXQIHMYQ
GERFIZMI[IHF]IPIGXVSRQMGVSWGST]&IGEYWIXLIIPIGXVSR
FIEQLEWEQYGLWLSVXIV[EZIPIRKXLXLERZMWMFPIPMKLXMRHMZMHYEP
TVSXIMRQSPIGYPIWGERFIZMWYEPMWIH%PXLSYKLXLIMQEKIGSRXVEWX
SJIEGLMRHMZMHYEPQSPIGYPIMWPS[WMKREPEZIVEKMRKGER]MIPHZIV]
LMKLVIWSPYXMSRTMGXYVIW'V]S)1MW[IPPWYMXIHXSLMKLVIWSPYXMSR
WXYHMIWSJFSXLXLIWXVYGXYVIERHH]REQMGWSJPEVKITVSXIMRWERH
TVSXIMRGSQTPI\IWWYGLEWG]XSWOIPIXEPTVSXIMRWSVZMVEPGETWMHW
3YVPEXIWXQIXLSHWEPWSIREFPIWXVYGXYVIW[MXLMRVETMHP]JVSÎR
QEQQEPMERGIPPWXSFIZMWYEPMWIH&]VIGSVHMRKQER]HMKMXEP
MQEKIWSJEWTIGMQIRLIPHEXHMJJIVIRXSVMIRXEXMSRWXSQSKVETL]
EXLVIIHMQIRWMSREPZMI[SJXLIQSPIGYPISVGIPPMWSFXEMRIH
-RHMZMHYEPQSPIGYPIW[LSPIZMVYWTEVXMGPIWSVPMZMRKQEQQEPMERGIPPW
IQFIHHIHMRMGIGERFIMQEKIHMRXLVIIHMQIRWMSRW
Slice of a three-dimensional tomogram showing the edge of a frozen hydrated cell
and a computational model for membrane organelles.
Image courtesy of Sebastian Wasilewski
114
RESEARCH
FACILITIES
RESEARCH
RE
R
ESE
SEAR
ARC
CH
HF
FACILITIES
ACIL
AC
CIL
ILIT
ITIE
IES
Bioresources
Joachim Payne
'S[SVOIVW'LEVPSXXI%YWXMR-ER3PMZIV;MSPIXXE7LIPHSR1EKHEPIRE7SOEPWOE&VMER8VMRREQER.EGOMI;MPWSR
The Large Scale Laboratory team has
SZIV]IEVWSJGSQFMRIHGIPPGYPXYVI
I\TIVMIRGIERHSJJIVWEJYPPGSRWYPXEXMSR
WIVZMGIJSVEPPGYPXYVIVIUYIWXW8SHE]
[IKVS[E[MHIVERKISJQEQQEPMER
MRWIGX]IEWXERHFEGXIVMEPGIPPWJSV
VIWIEVGL(MZMWMSRWEX2-16EW[IPP
EWGSPPEFSVEXMRK[MXLSXLIV16'ERH
EGEHIQMGYRMXW0EWX]IEV[IKVI[
EVSYRHPMXVIWSJL]FVMHSQEERH
MRWIGXGIPPWERHPMXVIWSJ]IEWX
ERHFEGXIVMEPGYPXYVIW'IPPWGERFI
WYTTPMIHUYMGOJVSÎRSVP]WIHYWMRKE
'SRWXERX7]WXIQWGIPPHMWVYTXIV*SV
GSRGIRXVEXMRKWYTIVREXERXW[ILEZIE
7EVXSVMYWGVSWW¾S[½PXVEXMSRW]WXIQERH
E5YM\WXERHLSPPS[½FVIYRMX
3YVMRLSYWIMedia Production JEGMPMX]
LEWJSVQYPEIJSVSZIVTVSHYGXW
ERHPEWX]IEVTVSGIWWIHSVHIVW
XSXEPPMRKNYWXSZIVPMXVIWSJ
VIWIEVGLVIEKIRXWMRGPYHMRKEUYEVXIVSJ
EQMPPMSRXYFIWSJDrosophila food and
QMGVSFMSPSKMGEPTSYVIHTPEXIW
;ILEZIVIGIRXP]MRZIWXIHMREYXSQEXIH
TPEXITSYVMRKXIGLRSPSK]EPPS[MRKYW
XMQIXS[SVOGPSWIP][MXLXLIDrosophila
KVSYTWHIZIPSTMRKXLIMVGLIQMGEPP]
HI½RIHHMIXW8LIMellanby Freezer
Archive MWXLI16'´WTYVTSWIHIWMKRIH
JEGMPMX]JSVXLIPSRKXIVQWIGYVIWXSVEKI
SJJVSÎRQEXIVMEP%XXLIQSQIRX[I
EVIVIWTSRWMFPIJSVSZIVLEPJEQMPPMSR
WEQTPIW
Wioletta inspects a hybridoma culture.
Brian sets up one of our bioreactors.
115
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Genomics
Abdul Karim Sesay
'S[SVOIVW0IIRE&LE[6SWYR,EVWLE.ERM2EGLMQE/LEXSSR
8LI+IRSQMGWJEGMPMX]TVSZMHIWRI\XKIRIVEXMSRWIUYIRGMRKERHQMGVSEVVE]WIVZMGIW7IVZMGIWMRGPYHIWEQTPITVITEVEXMSRLMKL
XLVSYKLTYXWIUYIRGMRKERHQMGVSEVVE]L]FVMHMWEXMSR7YTTSVXMWEPWSTVSZMHIHJSVHEXEEREP]WMW7MXYEXIH[MXLMRXLI(MZMWMSRSJ
7]WXIQW&MSPSK]XLIJEGMPMX]MWIUYMTTIH[MXLWXEXISJXLIEVXMRWXVYQIRXEXMSRJSVKIRSQMGWIUYIRGMRKKIRSX]TMRKERHKIRI
I\TVIWWMSRWXYHMIWMRGPYHMRK-PPYQMRE+%--\ERH,M7IURI\XKIRIVEXMSRWIUYIRGIVWXLI%JJ]QIXVM\+IRI'LMTERHXLI
-PPYQMREM7GER7]WXIQW
Microarray
;LMPWXXLIQSWXGSQQSRYWISJQMGVSEVVE]WMWI\EQMRMRKXLIPIZIPSJI\TVIWWMSRSJQER]HMJJIVIRXKIRIWSVQ62%WTIGMIWMR
EWEQTPIWMQYPXERISYWP]XLIVIEVIRS[GLMTWEZEMPEFPIJSVSXLIVTVSXSGSPW8LIWIMRGPYHI724EREP]WIWVIWIUYIRGMRKMRGPYHMRK
ELYQERQMXSGLSRHVMEPKIRSQIGLMTI\SREVVE]WJSVEREP]WMWSJEPXIVREXMZIWTPMGMRKEVVE]WJSV'L-4SRGLMTI\TIVMQIRXWJSV
MRZIWXMKEXMSRSJKIRITVSQSXIVWERHQM62%ERHWRS62%EREP]WMW[MXLGSZIVEKISJQYPXMTPISVKERMWQWSREWMRKPIEVVE]LYQER
QSYWIVEXGERMRIERHQSROI]8LIQMGVSEVVE]JEGMPMX]SJJIVWJYPPXIGLRMGEPWYTTSVXMRXLITVITEVEXMSRERHVYRRMRKSJ62%SV
(2%WEQTPIW-XEPWSSJJIVWEGGIWWXSERHXVEMRMRKMRXLIYWISJXLI+IRI7TVMRKWSJX[EVITEGOEKIJSVTVIPMQMREV]EREP]WMWSJ
QMGVSEVVE]HEXE8LIJEGMPMX]RS[MRGPYHIWXLI-PPYQMREM7GER7]WXIQ[MXL9RMZIVWEP7XEVXIV/MX&EWIHEVSYRHXLIM7GER6IEHIVXLI
7]WXIQSJJIVWWYFQMGVSRVIWSPYXMSRLMKLIVXLVSYKLTYXVEXIWERHIGSRSQMGEP&IEH'LMTWEZEMPEFPIJSVLYQERVEXERHQSYWI8LI
&IEH'LMTWGERFIWGERRIHMRQMRYXIWEPPS[MRKTVSGIWWMRKSJYTXS&IEH'LMTWTIVHE]%TTPMGEXMSRWMRGPYHIKIRII\TVIWWMSR
EREP]WMWEVVE]FEWIHXVERWGVMTXSQIEREP]WMW724KIRSX]TMRKERH'2:EREP]WMW[LSPIKIRSQIGYWXSQSVJSGYWIHKIRSX]TMRK
GST]RYQFIVEREP]WMWKIRIVIKYPEXMSRERHITMKIRIXMGEREP]WMWERHEVVE]FEWIHQIXL]PEXMSREREP]WMW
Leena Bhaw-Rosun, Abdul Karim Sessay,
Nachima Khatoon and Harsha Jani.
High-throughput sequencing
,MKLXLVSYKLTYXWIUYIRGMRKXIGLRSPSKMIWEVIVIZSPYXMSRMWMRKQSPIGYPEVKIRIXMGWZEWXP]I\TERHMRKSYVEFMPMX]XSWXYH]KIRSQI
WXVYGXYVILS[KIRIWEVIVIKYPEXIHERHLS[GIPPERHXMWWYIHMJJIVIRXMEXMSRSGGYVW'SQFMRIH[MXLMRGVIEWMRKP]WSTLMWXMGEXIH
FMSMRJSVQEXMGWEREP]WMWXLIWIQIXLSHWSJQEWWMZIP]TEVEPPIPWIUYIRGMRKF]W]RXLIWMWEVIPMOIP]XSMQTEGXSREPPEVIEWSJFEWMG
FMSPSKMGEPVIWIEVGL[MXLXLIMVEFMPMX]XSKIRIVEXIFMPPMSRWSJFEWIWSJLMKLUYEPMX](2%WIUYIRGIMREQEXXIVSJHE]W-RSVHIVXS
QEMRXEMRMXWTSWMXMSREXXLIJSVIJVSRXSJFEWMGVIWIEVGL2-16LEWIWXEFPMWLIHEGIRXVEPRI\XKIRIVEXMSRWIUYIRGMRKGSVIJEGMPMX]
8LIJEGMPMX]GYVVIRXP]WYTTSVXW(2%62%WIUYIRGMRKYWMRKXLI-PPYQMRE+IRSQI%REP]ÎV--\JSVVIEHWYTXSFEWIWJSVFSXL
116
RESEARCH FACILITIES
WMRKPIERHTEMVIHIRHVYRWERHXLI-PPYQMRE,M7IUWIUYIRGIV8LI,M7IUTVSZMHIWSYXTYXSJYTXS+FTIVVYR
\FTVIEHPIRKXL8LMWJEGMPMX]TVSZMHIWEGSWXIJ½GMIRXWIVZMGITVSHYGMRKVETMHERHLMKLP]EGGYVEXI(2%ERH62%WIUYIRGI
HEXE&]EWWMWXMRKEXEPPWXEKIWJVSQI\TIVMQIRXEPHIWMKRPMFVEV]TVITEVEXMSRXSHEXEEWWIQFP]ERHEREP]WMWXLIWIVZMGIHVEQEXMGEPP]
I\XIRHWXLIEFMPMX]SJ2-16WGMIRXMWXWXSQEOIHMWGSZIVMIWMRKIRSQMGWITMKIRSQMGWKIRII\TVIWWMSREREP]WMWERHTVSXIMRRYGPIMG
EGMHMRXIVEGXMSRW8LIJEGMPMX]LEWE'SZEVMWW]WXIQJSV(2%WLIEVMRKJSVRI\XKIRIVEXMSRWIUYIRGMRKERHJSVGLVSQEXMRWLIEVMRK
;ISJJIVERI\XIRWMZITPEXJSVQJSVUYEPMX]GSRXVSPERHUYERXM½GEXMSRSJ(2%62%ERHTVSXIMRW8LIJSPPS[MRKIUYMTQIRXMW
EZEMPEFPIJSV5'EREP]WMWE2ERSHVSTWTIGXVSTLSXSQIXIVX[S%KMPIRX&MSEREP]WIVX[S0MJI8IGLRSPSK]5YFMXW]WXIQW0MJI
8IGLRSPSK])+IPW]WXIQW'EPMTIV0EFGLMT<8W]WXIQ'EPMTIV0EFGLMT+<JSVLMKLXLVSYKLTYXUYEPMX]GSRXVSPERHUYERXM½GEXMSR
SJ(2%ERH62%
RNA-sequencing predicts different death rates of selecting thymocytes
CD4 and CD8 single positive T-cells develop in the thymus from CD4+CD8+ double-positive precursor cells. The cellular and molecular events of this
process are not well characterised. We characterised the kinetics of this process using a novel mouse model allowing for experimentally inducible T-cell
HIZIPSTQIRXERHMHIRXM½IHERYQFIVSJHIZIPSTQIRXEPP]MRXIVQIHMEXIWYFTSTYPEXMSRW
A) DP2 cells have a high susceptibility to death that behaves the same
in each transfer.
&(4GIPPWLEZIEPS[VIGSZIV]VEXI½XXMRK[MXLELMKLin vivo death
rate.
-HIRXM½GEXMSRSJRSZIPHIZIPSTQIRXEPMRXIVQIHMEXITSTYPEXMSRWMR
T cell development. (A) Tetracycline inducible T cell development
(B) Kinetics of developmental restoration (C) Developmental
relationship between double-positive and single-positive cells.
117
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Flow cytometry
'S[SVOIVW&LEZMO4EXIP;E]RI8YVRFYPP
8LI¾S[G]XSQIXV]JEGMPMX]TVSZMHIWEWXEXISJXLIEVXLMKL
WTIIHWXIVMPIGIPPWSVXMRKWIVZMGI;IWSVXQYPXMTPIX]TIWSJGIPP
TSTYPEXMSRWJSVFSXLin vitro and in vivoWXYHMIWWMRKPIGIPPWSVXMRK
ERHGPSRMRK-REHHMXMSRMXSJJIVWQYPXMTEVEQIXIV¾YSVSGLVSQI
EREP]WMWSJGIPPQEVOIVWERHQIEWYVIQIRXSJGEPGMYQ¾Y\IW
ETSTXSWMWGIPPG]GPIERH*6)8
8LIJEGMPMX]WIVZIWEPEVKIRYQFIVSJ2-16VIWIEVGLIVWJVSQ
XLI-RJIGXMSRWERH-QQYRMX]+IRIXMGWERH(IZIPSTQIRXERH
2IYVSWGMIRGIWKVSYTW8VEMRMRKMWEPWSTVSZMHIHJSVVIWIEVGLWXEJJ
MRGPYHMRK4L(WXYHIRXWERHTSWXHSGXSVEPVIWIEVGLIVW8LIJEGMPMX]
MW[IPPIUYMTTIH[MXLJSYVGIPPWSVXIVWMRGPYHMRKX[SGSPSYV
&IGOQER'SYPXIV1S*PS<(4WSVXIVWEGSPSYV&IGXSR
(MGOMRWSR*%'7%VME--ERHEGSPSYV&IGXSR(MGOMRWSR-R¾Y\
8LI-R¾Y\MWWMXYEXIHMRWMHIEGSRXEMRQIRXPIZIP'0FMSWEJIX]
GEFMRIXJSVWSVXMRKWEQTPIWGPEWWM½IHEX'0%HHMXMSREPP]XLIVI
EVIIMKLX¾S[G]XSQIXVMGEREP]WIVWXLEXMRGPYHIEGSPSYV&IGXSR
(MGOMRWSR*%'7'EPMFYVEGSPSYV&IGXSR(MGOMRWSR*%'7:IVWI
ERGSPSYV*%'7'ERXSEGSPSYV&IGXSR(MGOMRWSR076--ERH
EGSPSYV&IGOQER'SYPXIV']ER%(48LIJEGMPMX]EPWSLSYWIW
ER%YXSQEGW'IPPWITEVEXSV
118
Graham Preece
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Level 4 high-containment virus laboratory
;MXLMRXLIGSQTPI\SJFYMPHMRKWXLEXQEOIYT2-16MWEWYMXISJPEFSVEXSVMIWJSVLERHPMRKZMVYWIW[MXLLMKLTEXLSKIRMGTSXIRXMEP
JSVFMVHWLYQERWSVSXLIVQEQQEPW-XWTVIWIRGIMWRIGIWWMXEXIHF]XLI[SVOSJXLI;,3-R¾YIRÊ'IRXVI;-'EX2-16
XLEXMRZSPZIWXLILERHPMRKSJMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIWJVSQEPPSZIVXLI[SVPHWYGLEWXLIRSZIP,2ZMVYWTVMSVXSMXWIQIVKIRGIEWE
JYPPFPS[RTERHIQMGZMVYW-REHHMXMSRTSSVP]GLEVEGXIVMWIHZMVYWIWEVIEPWSVIGIMZIH7SQISJXLIWIZMVYWIWRSXEFP]ZMVYWIWJVSQ
^SSRSXMG,2MRJIGXMSRWLEZIGSRWMHIVEFPITEXLSKIRMGTSXIRXMEPMRFSXLFMVHWERHLYQERW;SVO[MXLTSSVP]GLEVEGXIVMWIH
ZMVYWIWERHZMVYWIWXLEXQMKLXSVHSLEZITERHIQMGTSXIRXMEPVIUYMVIWELMKLHIKVIISJGSRXEMRQIRXXSTVIZIRXXLIWTVIEHSJ
MR¾YIRÊZMVYWIWMRXSFMVHWSVXLIIRZMVSRQIRXEW[IPPEWSTIVEXSVTVSXIGXMSRXSQMRMQMWIXLIVMWOSJLERHPMRKZMVYWIWTSXIRXMEPP]
LEVQJYPXSQER
8LIJEGMPMX]MWFYMPXXS,IEPXLERH7EJIX])\IGYXMZIVIUYMVIQIRXWERH()*6%VIKYPEXMSRWYRHIVXLI7TIGM½IH%RMQEPW4EXLSKIR
3VHIV-X[EWYWIHJSVXLIKVS[XLERHGLEVEGXIVMWEXMSRSJWEQTPIWSJXLITERHIQMG,2ZMVYWWIRXJVSQEVSYRHXLI[SVPHEX
XLIIEVP]WXEKIWSJMXWKPSFEPWTVIEHERHXSKIRIVEXIVIJIVIRGIJIVVIXERXMWIVEXSXLIIQIVKMRKTERHIQMGZMVYWIWJSVZMVYWERXMKIRMG
EREP]WIW-XLEWEPWSFIIRYWIHJSVXLIMWSPEXMSRERHGLEVEGXIVMWEXMSRSJLYQERMWSPEXIWSJ,2EZMERMR¾YIRÊZMVYWJSVI\EQTPI
JVSQXLI8YVOMWLSYXFVIEOMRLYQERWMR8LIPEFSVEXSV]GETEGMX]LEWFIIRI\XIRHIHXSLEZIX[SWXERHEVHLMKLGSRXEMRQIRX
PEFSVEXSV]EVIEWERHX[SPEFSVEXSVMIWIUYMTTIHXSLERHPIMRJIGXIHWQEPPERMQEPWYRHIVLMKLPIZIPGSRXEMRQIRX;MXLXLIIRLERGIH
GETEGMX]MREHHMXMSRXSXLIZMVYWWYVZIMPPERGIERHGLEVEGXIVMWEXMSRWXYHMIWSJXLI;-'WMQYPXERISYWWXYHMIWSJXLIQIGLERMWQWSJ
HMWIEWIGEYWEXMSRF]EZMERSVSXLIVMR¾YIRÊZMVYWIWGERFIGEVVMIHSYX
*IEXYVIWSJXLIPEFSVEXSV]MRGPYHI
%RIKEXMZITVIWWYVIEMVVIKMQI[MXL,)4%½PXIVIHMRTYXERHHSYFPI,)4%½PXIVIHI\XVEGX
;EWXIXVIEXQIRX[MXLLIEXMRKSJPMUYMH[EWXIERHEYXSGPEZIWXIVMPMWEXMSRSJWSPMH[EWXI[MXLMRXLIFSH]SJXLIPEFSVEXSV]
'PEWW---ERH'PEWW----QMGVSFMSPSKMGEPWEJIX]GEFMRIXWJSVLERHPMRKWEQTPIW
'PEWW---GEFMRIXWJSVLERHPMRKMRJIGXIHWQEPPERMQEPW
7IEPEFPIWSEWXSTIVQMXJYQMKEXMSR
7XVMGXGSHIWSJTVEGXMGIMRGPYHMRKXLIVIUYMVIQIRXJSVEPP[SVOIVWXSYRHIVKSEGSQTPIXIGLERKISJGPSXLMRKFIJSVIIRXIVMRKXLI
PEFSVEXSV]ERHXSWLS[IV[LIRPIEZMRK
-REHHMXMSRXSXLI0IZIPPEFSVEXSV]XLIVIEVI0IZIPPEFSVEXSVMIWWGEXXIVIHEQSRKXLIQEMRFYMPHMRKWERHFMSPSKMGEPVIWIEVGL
JEGMPMXMIWEX2-168LIWIPEFSVEXSVMIWEPPS[XLIWEJILERHPMRKSJERYQFIVSJTEXLSKIRMGSVKERMWQWTIVQMXXMRKWXYHMIWSJXLI
QMGVSFMSPSK]ERHMQQYRSPSK]SJMycobacterium tuberculosisXLIMRZEWMSRSJFPSSHGIPPWF]XLIQEPEVMETEVEWMXIERHXLIKVS[XLSJ
XLIVIXVSZMVYWIWXLEXGEYWI%-(7
119
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Insectary
Irene Tumwine
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Anopheles stephensiMWERMQTSVXERXZIGXSVJSVI\TIVMQIRXEPQEPEVMEMRFSXLVSHIRXWERHLYQER8LIMRWIGXEV]EPPS[WJSVELMKL
RYQFIVSJI\TIVMQIRXEPQSWUYMXSXVERWQMWWMSRWWSXLEXPEFSVEXSV]VIWIEVGLGERQSVIGPSWIP]QMQMGGSRHMXMSRWMRXLI½IPH
6ITPMGEXMRKXLIREXYVEPVSYXISJMRJIGXMSRMRQSYWIQSHIPWQEOIWXLIQSHIPWEWVIPIZERXEWTSWWMFPIJSVQSWUYMXSXVERWQMXXIH
LYQERQEPEVME
The microscopy area
A view of the insectary interior
The mosquitoes
120
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Electronic instrument prototyping and support
Martyn Stopps
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MRWXVYQIRXEXMSRXLEXMWRSXEZEMPEFPIGSQQIVGMEPP]-RWXVYQIRXW
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ERHWMRKPIQSPIGYPIVIWIEVGL;SVOMRTVSKVIWWMRGPYHIW
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JVSQMRMXMEPWTIGM½GEXMSRXLVSYKLTVSSJSJGSRGITXXSXLI½REP
ETTPMGEXMSR
Automated system development / modelling.
Proof of concept device illustrating application of embedded processor
XIGLRSPSK]TGMRXIVJEGIERH¾YMHMGHIZMGIW
121
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Mechanical Engineering
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122
Alan Ling
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Facilities and Infrastructure Services
Dave Ion
Facilities and Infrastructure Services is an NIMR
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Through Building Services and its partners,
Norland and VINCI, a wide range of
TVSNIGXWLEZIFIIRHIWMKRIHWTIGM½IHERH
built from the knowledge and skills within
the teams. In the current year this has
included the Ground Floor South East Wing
refurbishment for the Division of Physiology
and Metabolism, an Insectary and additional
aquatics facilities in the New Polio building.
123
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Facilities and Infrastructure Services (cont.)
Domestic and Central Services
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The current inventory of equipment in use at NIMR numbers
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X]TMGEP]IEV[MPPWIIQSVIXLERMRHMZMHYEPIUYMTQIRXJEYPX
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Central Stores
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JEGMPMXMIW02SVHIVERHHMWXVMFYXMSREW[IPPEWEVERKISJWTIGMEPMWX
KEWIW
124
RESEARCH FACILITIES
PhotoGraphics
Joe Brock
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8LI4LSXS+VETLMGWWIVZMGITVSZMHIWETVSJIWWMSREP
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ZMWMXMRKWTIEOIVW;IEPWSHIZIPSTERHIJJIGXRSZIPETTVSEGLIWJSVHMWWIQMREXMRKVIWIEVGLYWMRKZMWYEPXIGLRSPSKMIWXSOIITTEGI[MXL
GYVVIRXERHJYXYVIXVIRHWEWZMWYEPXIGLRSPSKMIWTVSKVIWW
Composite image showing 3D modelling, illustration and embedded
movies within a single animation describing the role of myosin in
merozoite infection of red blood cells.
8]TMGEPMPPYWXVEXMSRTVSHYGIHF]4LSXS+VETLMGWZMWYEPMWMRKWGMIRXM½GERH
biological processes.
125
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Computing and Telecommunications
Clive Lunny
'S[SVOIVW%SQEV%]EH.SWI%]EPE1EYVS*IVRERHIW(IFVE,EVTIV&IR/IWIP/IZMR1G-RIVRI]+VEIQI1MPPEV,EVWLE7LIXL
2EXLER7QMXL'LERHERM;IPQMPPEKI
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-8WIVZMGIWEX2-16LIPTMRKWXEJJXSEGLMIZIXLIMV[SVOKSEPWERHTVSZMHMRK
XLIWYTTSVXRIIHIHXSQIIX2-16´WIZSPZMRKWGMIRXM½GVIUYMVIQIRXW
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W]WXIQWGSQQYRMGEXMSRWW]WXIQWWIVZIVWLSWXMRKQYPXMTPIWIVZMGIWERHE
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ERHSXLIVQSFMPIHIZMGIW
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SJ8&VITPMGEXIHSJJWMXIJSVHMWEWXIVVIGSZIV]ERHTVSZMHMRKEYXSQEXMG
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W]WXIQ:42JSVVIQSXIEGGIWWMRXVERIXEGGIWWEZEMPEFPII\XIVREPP][IF
WIVZIVWJSVMRXVERIXERHTYFPMG[IFWMXIW-8WIGYVMX]GSPPEFSVEXMSRWIVZMGIW
MRGPYHMRKZMHISGSRJIVIRGMRK[MXLVIQSXITVIWIRXEXMSR434-1%4ERH[IF
FEWIHIQEMPGLEXERHGEPIRHEVMRKLSWXMRKSJQYPXMTPIHEXEFEWIWMRGPYHMRK
WXYHIRXETTPMGEXMSRWERHERMQEPVIGSVHW
126
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Library, information and communications
Frank Norman
'S[SVOIVW4EXXM&MKKW0]RWI])EQIW2MGSPE;IWXSR
8LI0MFVEV]WIVZIWXLIMRJSVQEXMSRRIIHWSJWGMIRXM½GWXEJJERH
WXYHIRXWEX2-16-XTVSZMHIWSRPMRIEGGIWWXSSZIVNSYVREPW
ERHXSPMXIVEXYVIWIEVGLMRKXSSPWPMOI7GSTYW4YF1IHERH1IXEPMF
8LIVIEVII\XIRWMZITVMRXIHNSYVREPFEGO½PIWERHETVMRXIHFSSO
GSPPIGXMSREW[IPPEWIEW]EGGIWWXSEHSGYQIRXHIPMZIV]WIVZMGI
0MFVEV]WXEJJTVSZMHIMRHMZMHYEPMWIHLIPTJSVWGMIRXMWXWMRXLIPEFSV
SJ½GI)\TIVXEWWMWXERGI[MXLMRJSVQEXMSRWIEVGLMRKMWEZEMPEFPI
MRGPYHMRKLIPT[MXLW]WXIQEXMGPMXIVEXYVIVIZMI[WHMJ½GYPXXS
ERW[IVUYIWXMSRWERHWIEVGLEPIVXWJSVIEWMIVPMXIVEXYVIWGERRMRK
;ISJJIVEWWMWXERGI[MXLGMXEXMSRQEREKIVWSJX[EVIIK)RHRSXI
ERH1IRHIPI]ERHEHZMGISR3TIR%GGIWWGSQTPMERGI%HEMP]
RI[WWIVZMGIOIITWWXEJJMRJSVQIHSJGYVVIRXWGMIRGITSPMG]
HIZIPSTQIRXW
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WSQIHIWOW[MXLGSQTYXIVWEVITVSZMHIHMRXLI0MFVEV]8LIVIMWE
;M*MRIX[SVOMRXLI0MFVEV]ERHM4EHWEVIEZEMPEFPIJSVFSVVS[MRK
8LI0MFVEV]&VIEOSYX7TEGI[MXL[LMXIFSEVHWERHHMWTPE]WGVIIRW
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8LI0MFVEV]MWVIWTSRWMFPIJSVQEREKMRKERYQFIVSJMRXIVREPERH
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SJTYFPMGEXMSRW
The Library and breakout space.
One of the breakout tables.
127
RESEARCH FACILITIES
Web Team
Christina McGuire
'S[SVOIV3PM'LS[HLYV]
8LI;IF8IEQMWVIWTSRWMFPIJSVXLIHE]XSHE]
QEREKIQIRXSJXLI2-16[IFWMXIMRXVERIXERHSRPMRI
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3YVEMQWEVIXSIRWYVIXLEXXLII\XIVREP[IFWMXI
VI¾IGXWXLII\GIPPIRGISJWGMIRGIEX2-16QIIXWYWIV
ERHSVKERMWEXMSREPRIIHWERHTVSQSXIWXLIVIWIEVGL
ERHSYXVIEGL[SVOEX2-16-RXIVREPP][IEMQXS
provide easy access to information and resources
XLVSYKLSRPMRIW]WXIQW[LMGLWYTTSVXIJJIGXMZIERH
IJ½GMIRX[SVOMRK
;ITVSHYGIQMGVSWMXIWJSV2-16WTSRWSVIHMRMXMEXMZIW
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WXEJJERHEVIEP[E]W[MPPMRKXSTVSZMHIEHZMGIERHI\TIVXMWI8LI;IF8IEQTVSZMHIWRSXSRP]XIGLRMGEPMRJVEWXVYGXYVIFYXEPWS
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ERHETTPMGEXMSRWERHIRWYVIGSQTPMERGI[MXLVIPIZERXWXERHEVHWERHPIKMWPEXMSR;I[SVO[MXLWXEJJXLVSYKLSYX2-16ERHYWI
SRIXSSRIQIIXMRKWJSGYWKVSYTWWYVZI]WJIIHFEGOJSVQWMRWXERXTSPPWERHYWIVXIWXMRKERHIZEPYEXMSRXSLIPTMRJSVQJYXYVI
HIZIPSTQIRXW;IEPWSLEZIERSTIRHSSVTSPMG]MRGSQQSR[MXLSXLIVWEX2-16
Online weekly newsletter for staff
128
Customisable intranet homepage
RESEARCH FACILITIES
General services
Safety and Security
8LI7EJIX]WIGXMSRTVSZMHIWEWEJI[SVOMRKIRZMVSRQIRX
EXXLI-RWXMXYXI%PPWXEJJEVITVSZMHIH[MXLKIRIVEPWEJIX]
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FMSPSKMGEPVEHMSPSKMGEPGLIQMGEPERH½VIWEJIX]8LIVIMWEPWS
WTIGMEPMWXIUYMTQIRXEZEMPEFPIJSVYWI8LIVIMWLSYV
WIGYVMX]GSZIVEKI8LIHITEVXQIRXEPWSVIWTSRHWXSEPPWMXI
IQIVKIRGMIW
Occupational Health
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LIEPXLSR[SVOERHSJ[SVOSRLIEPXL[MXLGSRWMHIVEXMSRJSV
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TVSXIGXMSRLIEPXLTVSQSXMSRERHPSWXXMQIQEREKIQIRX3YV
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LIEPXLWYVZIMPPERGIXSWXEJJQIQFIVWI\TSWIHXSLEÊVHW
Human Resources
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EWVIGVYMXQIRXHIZIPSTQIRXTIVJSVQERGIVI[EVHERH
VIGSKRMXMSR
Finance and Purchasing
The Finance team provides advice and support to staff
MRXLIGSWXMRKSJKVERXETTPMGEXMSRWJYPPIGSRSQMGGSWXMRK
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6'9/7LEVIH7IVZMGI'IRXVIXSIRWYVIXLEX[IKIXFIWXZEPYI
JSVQSRI]MRTVMGMRK
129
Institute management
Organisational Structure
Director’s Office
Director: Dr Jim Smith
Director of Research
Dr Steve Gamblin
Genetics and
Development
Dr David Wilkinson
Dr Jean-Paul Vincent and Dr James Briscoe
Dr Robin Lovell-Badge
Systems Biology Dr Jim Smith
Neurosciences
Dr Vassilis Pachnis
Developmental Neurobiology Dr David Wilkinson
Molecular Neurobiology Dr François Guillemot
Neurophysiology Dr Troy Margrie
Physiology and Metabolism Dr Alex Gould
Infections and
Immunity
Drs Jonathan Stoye and
Victor Tybulewicz
(joint heads)
Structural Biology
Dr Justin Molloy
Immune Cell Biology Dr Victor Tybulewicz
Immunoregulation Dr Anne O'Garra
Molecular Immunology Dr Gitta Stockinger
Mycobacterial Research Dr Douglas Young
Parasitology Dr Tony Holder
Virology Dr Jonathan Stoye
World Influenza Centre Dr John McCauley
Mathematical Biology Dr Willie Taylor
Molecular Structure
Dr Steve Gamblin and Dr Steve Smerdon
Physical Biochemistry Dr Justin Molloy
NMR Centre Dr Tom Frenkiel
Biological Services
Procedural Services
Student Office
Director of Studies: Donna Brown
Library and Information Services
Assistant Director
Mr John Wills
Safety and Security
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Web Team
Computing and Telecommunications
Technology Transfer
Bioresources
Engineering Services
----Mechanical Engineering
----Electronics Engineering
----Engineering Repair
Facilities
----Building Services
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Director of Operations
Michele Marron
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----Occupational Health
Last updated 19 September 2012
130
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replication to another. The red, amber and green cells here show cells in different phases of this process.
Photo Courtesy of Luis Alberto Baena Lopez
131
Nobel Laureates
*MZIWGMIRXMWXWJVSQ2-16LEZIFIIRE[EVHIH2SFIP4VMÎWJSVXLIMVWGMIRXM½GVIWIEVGL
Henry Dale, OM, FRS (1875-1968)
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,MWVIWIEVGLSRXLIJYRGXMSRWSJRIVZIGIPPWPIHXSXLIHMWGSZIV]SJEGIX]PGLSPMRIEWE
RIYVSXVERWQMXXIVERHXSXLIGLIQMGEPFEWMWSJRIYVSXVERWQMWWMSR*SVXLMW[SVOLIVIGIMZIHXLI2SFIP
4VMÎJSV4L]WMSPSK]SV1IHMGMRIMR
Henry Dale
Archer Martin, CBE, FRS (1910-2002)
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EREP]WMWERHXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJTEVXMXMSRGLVSQEXSKVETL]JSVXLITYVM½GEXMSRSJFMSPSKMGEPQSPIGYPIW,I
VIGIMZIHXLI2SFIP4VMÎJSV'LIQMWXV]JSVXLMW[SVOMR%X2-16LIHIZIPSTIHXLIQIXLSHSJKEW
PMUYMHGLVSQEXSKVETL][LMGLLEWLEHJEVVIEGLMRKMQTEGXSRXLIWXYH]SJFMSGLIQMWXV]
Archer Martin
Rodney Porter, FRS (1917-1985)
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VIGIMZIHXLI2SFIP4VMÎMR4L]WMSPSK]SV1IHMGMRI
Rodney Porter
John Cornforth, FRS (1914-)
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John Cornforth
Peter Medawar, OBE, OM, FRS (1915-1987)
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MQQYRIW]WXIQVINIGXWJSVIMKRXMWWYIKVEJXWERHHMWGSZIVIHXLITLIRSQIRSRSJMQQYRIXSPIVERGI*SV
XLMW[SVOLI[EWE[EVHIHXLI2SFIP4VMÎJSV4L]WMSPSK]SV1IHMGMRIMR
Peter Medawar
132
Five famous alumni
Brigitte Askonas, FRS (1923-2013)
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Brigitte Askonas
Philip D’Arcy Hart, CBE (1900-2006)
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ZEGGMREXMSRMRXLI9/%JXIVLIVIXMVIHLIQSZIHXS2-16[MXLER16'VIWIEVGLKVERX[SVOMRKYRXMP
Philip D’Arcy Hart
Robert Edwards, CBE, FRS (1925-2013)
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PEXIV[SVOLIVIGIMZIHXLI2SFIP4VMÎJSV4L]WMSPSK]SV1IHMGMRIMR
Robert Edwards
Charles Harington, FRS (1897-1972)
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,EQTWXIEHXS1MPP,MPP,I[EWERSYXWXERHMRKFMSGLIQMWX[LSGSRXVMFYXIHXSSYVYRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLI
XL]VSMHKPERHERHSJXLILSVQSRIWMXTVSHYGIWTEVXMGYPEVP]XL]VS\MRI%RSXLIVEGLMIZIQIRX[EWXLI
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Charles Harington
James Lovelock, CBE, FRS (1919-)
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James Lovelock
133
In memoriam
Neil Brown (1929 - 2012)
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JSV]IEVWMRQEPEVMETEVEWMXIFMSPSK]ERHLSWXMQQYRMX]
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%JVMGEXSLIPT[MXLXLI½VWXPEVKIWGEPI½IPHXVMEPSJXLMWGSQTSYRH6IPEXIH
work on the interactions between host immunity and the chemotherapeutic
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MQQYRSKIRMGTVSXIMRWERXMKIRWERHXLIMVMRXIVEGXMSR[MXLLSWXMQQYRMX]
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FSXLMRZEVMERXERH[LIRWYVJEGII\TSWIHZEVMERX8LMW[SVOPIHXSXLIE[EVHSJLMW4L(JVSQXLI9RMZIVWMX]SJ0SRHSRMR
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Plasmodium knowlesi8LIWI[SVOIVWHIQSRWXVEXIHXLIEFMPMX]SJWIVYQERXMFSHMIWJVSQEP. knowlesi immune monkey to
WTIGM½GEPP]VIGSKRMWIFMRHXSERHXLIREKKPYXMREXIERHEKKVIKEXIQSROI]IV]XLVSG]XIWMRJIGXIH[MXLQEXYVIWXEKIWWGLM^SRXW
SJXLITEVEWMXI2IMPVI½RIH)EXSR´WWGLM^SRXMRJIGXIHGIPPEKKPYXMREXMSR7-'%XIWXERHPSSOIHEXGLVSRMGP. knowlesi infections in
QSROI]WVIRHIVIHWIQMMQQYRIMRZEVMSYW[E]W,IHIQSRWXVEXIHEPSRK[MXLSXLIVGSPPIEKYIWXLEXTEVEWMXIWMWSPEXIHHYVMRK
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WTIGM½GRSRTVSXIGXMZIERHTVSXIGXMZIMQQYRIVIWTSRWIW[LMGLEWWSGMEXIH[MXLXLIMRHYGXMSRSJRI[7-'%ZEVMERXWERH
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XLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJERIJ½GMIRXQEPEVMEZEGGMRIQMKLX[IPPFIGSQTVSQMWIHF]XLIEFMPMX]SJXLITEVEWMXIXSYRHIVKSERXMKIRMG
ZEVMEXMSRERHXLYWIZEHIXLIMRHYGIHMQQYRMX]-RWSQIUYEVXIVWXLMWL]TSXLIWMW[EWMKRSVIHSVHMWQMWWIHSYXSJLERHEWRS
WYGLZEVMEFPIERXMKIRWLEHFIIRJSYRHMRXLIQENSVLYQERQEPEVMETEXLSKIRPlasmodium falciparum and it was not considered
XLEXERXMKIRMGZEVMEXMSRSGGYVVIHMRXLMWTEVEWMXI,S[IZIV2IMP´W[SVOVINYZIREXIHXLIWIEVGLJSVXLIWIERXMKIRWMRP. falciparum
8LIHMWGSZIV]MRXLIQMHWSJFSXLXLIERXMKIRWERHXLIQYPXMKIRIJEQMP][LMGLIRGSHIWXLIQIREFPIHWXYHMIWTVSZMHMRK
MQTSVXERXERW[IVWXSUYIWXMSRWSJZMVYPIRGITEXLSPSK]ERXMKIRMGZEVMEXMSRERHIZEWMSRSJXLILSWXMQQYRIVIWTSRWIMRP.
falciparumMRJIGXMSRW2IMP´WZMWMSRERHLMWXIREGMSYWEHLIVIRGIXSLMWZMI[SJXLIMQTSVXERGISJERXMKIRMGZEVMEXMSRMRMQQYRMX]XS
QEPEVME[IVIEGORS[PIHKIHF]LMWTIIVWEXE*IWXWGLVMJXLIPHMRLMWLSRSYVF]XLI;IPPGSQI8VYWXMR
2IMPVIXMVIHJVSQ2-16MRFYXWGMIRXM½GTYFPMGEXMSRWFIEVMRKLMWREQI[IVITYFPMWLIHF]LMWGSPPIEKYIWYTYRXMP
134
In memoriam
Mike Gaze (1927 - 2012)
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SJ(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]JSV]IEVW[SVOMRKSRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXSJXLIZMWYEP
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[LIVILIKEMRIHEHIKVIIMR4L]WMSPSK]MRERHGSQTPIXIHLMW4L(MR
8LIXMXPISJLMWXLIWMW[EW8LI8LEPEQMG6IWTSRWIXS7IRWSV]%JJIVIRX7XMQYPEXMSR
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6S]EP7SGMIX]MR,MW*67GMXEXMSRWXEXIH
“Dr Gaze is distinguished for his work on mechanisms of regeneration in vertebrates. He
[EWXLI½VWXXSWXYH]VIKIRIVEXMSRF]RIYVSTL]WMSPSKMGEPQIXLSHWWSQEOMRKXLITVSGIWWEQIREFPIXSUYERXMXEXMZIWXYH]&]GSQFMRMRK
XLMWETTVSEGL[MXLXLIGPEWWMGEPQIXLSHWSJI\TIVMQIRXEPIQFV]SPSK]LILEWTVSHYGIHWXVSRKWYTTSVXJSVGIPPWTIGM½GMX]EWXLIKYMHMRK
JEGXSVMRVIKIRIVEXMSR²
-REHHMXMSRXSSZIVVIWIEVGLTETIVW1MOI+EÎTYFPMWLIHERMR¾YIRXMEPVIWIEVGLQSRSKVETLThe formation of nerve
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FSSOWE]MRK±XLMWMWXLIQSWXWXMQYPEXMRKERHTIVLETWFIWXEGGSYRXEZEMPEFPISRXLMWHMJ½GYPXFYXMQTSVXERXWYFNIGX²
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to research at the Institute:
“Some of the studies of the Gaze group on retino-tectal connection and function were carried out with the South African clawed frog
Xenopus laevis - the Rolls-Royce of animals for developmental biologists. They had set up a small facility in their own laboratory for
rearing and maintaining Xenopus larvae. Mike was most generous when I asked him to provide us with some of their surplus tadpoles
while we were setting up a controlled facility in our own laboratory. His group also taught us all we needed to know about fertilising
Xenopus eggs, rearing tadpoles, maintaining and feeding them as well as adult animals’.
-REHHMXMSRXSLMWHYXMIWEX2-161MOI+EÎ[EWIHMXSVSJ8LI.SYVREPSJ)QFV]SPSK]ERH)\TIVMQIRXEP1SVTLSPSK].))1E
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ERH6IKIRIVEXMSR+VSYT-XVIQEMRIHEX)HMRFYVKLYRXMP+EÎ´WVIXMVIQIRXMR
135
In memoriam
Tony Barrett (1938 - 2012)
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QSPIGYPEVTLEVQEGSPSKMWXWTEVEWMXSPSKMWXWERHQMGVSFMSPSKMWXW8SR]PIJX2-16MRNSMRMRK&VYRIP9RMZIVWMX]EWE0IGXYVIVMR
'SQTYXIV7GMIRGIERH6IWIEVGL*IPPS[MRXLI(ITEVXQIRXSJ1EXLIQEXMGW[LIVILIGSRXMRYIHXS[SVOSRMQEKIIRLERGMRK
XIGLRMUYIW,IFIGEQIER,SRSVEV]*IPPS[SJXLI9RMZIVWMX]MRJSPPS[MRKLMWVIXMVIQIRX6I\4EPQIV6IEHIV)QIVMXYW
&MVOFIGO'SPPIKI0SRHSRWEMH±8LIXIGLRMUYISJMQEKIIRLERGIQIRX[LMGL8SR][SVOIHSRJSVWSPSRKLEWRS[FIGSQILMKLP]
WSTLMWXMGEXIHERHIRNS]WEQYPXMXYHISJIZIV]HE]ETTPMGEXMSRW-XMWWEJIXSWE]XLEX8SR]QEHIWMKRM½GERXGSRXVMFYXMSRWXSXLMW
MQTSVXERXEVIESJWGMIRGI²
8SR]&EVVIXXWXEVXIHLMWGEVIIVEWETVSJIWWMSREPNE^^XVYQTIXIV[LSQEHIVIGSVHMRKWJSVXLI&&'ERH[SVOIH[MXLWIZIVEPSJXLI
9/´WPIEHMRKNE^^QYWMGMERWMRGPYHMRK(YHPI]1SSVI3JPEXI8SR]XSSOXSEVVERKMRKGPEWWMGNE^^TMIGIWJSVXLIIPIGXVSRMGOI]FSEVH
ERHVIPIEWIHWIZIVEP'(W[LMGLQEOIZIV]KSSHPMWXIRMRK,IEPWSIRNS]IHWLSSXMRKWUYEWLFEHQMRXSRERHKSPJ7EHP]LIFIGEQI
MPPERHLEHEQENSVSTIVEXMSRJVSQ[LMGLLIHMHRSXVIGSZIV,IHMIHTIEGIJYPP]SRXLIQSVRMRKSJ7YRHE]XL3GXSFIV
136
In memoriam
Guy Dodson (1937 - 2012)
+Y](SHWSR)QIVMXYW4VSJIWWSVSJ'LIQMWXV]EXXLI9RMZIVWMX]SJ=SVOERH
JSVQIV,IEHSJ7XVYGXYVEP&MSPSK]EX2-16HMIHSR(IGIQFIVXLEKIH
,I[EWERSYXWXERHMRK<VE]GV]WXEPPSKVETLIV[SVPHVIRS[RIHJSVLMWVIWIEVGL
SRXLIXLVIIHMQIRWMSREPWXVYGXYVISJFMSPSKMGEPP]MQTSVXERXTVSXIMRWTEVXMGYPEVP]
MRWYPMRERHJSVLMWWXYHMIWSJXLIQIGLERMWQSJEGXMSRSJRYQIVSYWIR^]QIW
,IEPWSIWXEFPMWLIHX[S½VWXGPEWWGIRXVIWJSVXLIWXYH]SJTVSXIMRWXLI=SVO
7XVYGXYVEP&MSPSK]0EFSVEXSV]ERHXLI7XVYGXYVEP&MSPSK]+VSYTEX2-16,I[EW
IPIGXIHEWE*IPPS[SJXLI6S]EP7SGMIX]MR
+Y][EWFSVRERHIHYGEXIHMR2I[>IEPERH%X%YGOPERH9RMZIVWMX]'SPPIKI
LIKVEHYEXIH&7GWGMIRGIGLIQMWXV]QENSVMR17GGLIQMWXV][MXLEXLIWMW
MRGV]WXEPPSKVETL]MRERH4L(MRJSVVIWIEVGLTVMRGMTEPP]YWMRK<VE]
EREP]WMWGSQFMRIH[MXLEREP]XMGEPGLIQMWXV],I[EWKVIEXP]EXXVEGXIHF]XLI<VE]
GV]WXEPPSKVETL]VIWIEVGLSRPEVKIVFMSPSKMGEPQSPIGYPIWMR(SVSXL],SHKOMR´W
PEFSVEXSV]MR3\JSVH9RMZIVWMX]ERHMRLIGEQIXS3\JSVHEWETSWX
HSGXSVEPVIWIEVGLEWWMWXERX,IWXE]IHSREWEVIWIEVGLJIPPS[YRXMP(SVSXL]´W
VIXMVIQIRXMR8LIVIFIX[IIRERHLITPE]IHXLIPIEHMRKVSPIMR
HIXIVQMRMRKXLIWXVYGXYVISJXLI½VWXTSP]TITXMHILSVQSRIMRWYPMRERHPEXIVMR
EQENSVGV]WXEPPSKVETLMGTETIVLIVIPEXIHXLILSVQSRI´WGLIQMGEPERHFMSPSKMGEP
TVSTIVXMIWXSMXWEXSQMGWXVYGXYVI
,MW[SVOSRMRWYPMRGSRXMRYIHJSPPS[MRKLMWQSZIXS=SVOMRIWTIGMEPP][MXLXLIYWISJQYXERXERHGLIQMGEPP]QSHM½IH
ZIVWMSRWSJXLILSVQSRIHIWMKRIHJSVEREP]WMWSJXLILSVQSRI´WWXVYGXYVIEWWIQFP]ERHEGXMSR,IEPWSGSPPEFSVEXIHGPSWIP]
[MXLPEFSVEXSVMIWMRTLEVQEGIYXMGEPGSQTERMIWJSVXLITVITEVEXMSRSJMRWYPMRWXLEXGSYPHFIYWIHXSMQTVSZIHMEFIXIWXLIVET]
8LIRYQIVSYWIR^]QIWSJFMSPSKMGEPERHTLEVQEGIYXMGEPMRXIVIWXWXYHMIHMR=SVOMRGPYHIHFEGXIVMEPEQ]PEWIWVMFSRYGPIEWIW(2%
K]VEWIERHJYRKEPPMTEWIW+Y]´W[SVOSRPMTEWIWI\IQTPM½IWXLIQIGLERMWXMGHIXEMPJSV[LMGLLMWWXYHMIW[IVIRSXIH
-RFSXL3\JSVHERH=SVO+Y]WOMPPJYPP]SVKERMWIHPEVKIVIWIEVGLKVSYTWERHMRLI[EWMRZMXIHXSIWXEFPMWL<VE]
GV]WXEPPSKVETL]EX2-16XLVSYKLENSMRXETTSMRXQIRXFIX[IIR16'ERH=SVO9RMZIVWMX]8LMW[EWIRSVQSYWP]WYGGIWWJYP-RXLI
TVSGIWWLIEPWSGSRXVMFYXIHWYFWXERXMEPP]XSXLIQYPXMHMWGMTPMREV]VIWIEVGLIRZMVSRQIRXSJ2-16RSXPIEWXXLVSYKLGSPPEFSVEXMZI
VIWIEVGLEXXLI-RWXMXYXISRTVSXIEWIWMRZSPZIHMRMRJIGXMSRF]XLIQEPEVMETEVEWMXISRTVSXIMRWMRZSPZIHMRXLIGSRXVSPSJ62%
QIXEFSPMWQMRXYFIVGYPSWMWERHSRXLIWXVYGXYVISJTVMSRW
+Y]RIZIVVIEPP]VIXMVIH8LVSYKLGSPPEFSVEXMSRLMWPSRKXIVQMRXIVIWXMRXLIGIPPYPEVVIGITXSVJSVMRWYPMRERHVIWIEVGLSRXLI
QEPEVMEIR^]QIWGSRXMRYIHERHFSXL]MIPHIHSYXWXERHMRKWYGGIWWMRXLIPEWXQSRXLWSJLMWPMJIXLIJSVQIVXLVSYKLEPERHQEVO
TYFPMGEXMSRMR2EXYVIERHXLIPEXXIVXLVSYKLXLI½VWXWSPYXMSRSJXLIWXVYGXYVISJXLIGEXEP]XMGHSQEMRSJXLIQEPEVMEPTVSXIEWI
4J79&
*VSQLMWGLIQMWXV]FEGOKVSYRHERHLSRIHF]QER]MR¾YIRGIWEX3\JSVH+Y]HIZIPSTIHEHIITVSSXIHFIPMIJMRXLITEVXMGYPEV
ZEPYIXSFMSPSK]SJGV]WXEPWXVYGXYVIWXSMRJSVQERHGLEPPIRKIGLIQMGEPQIGLERMWQW8LI3\JSVHIRZMVSRQIRXEPWSVIMRJSVGIH
LMWTSPMXMGEPGSQQMXQIRXERHXLVSYKLVIWIEVGLGSPPEFSVEXMSRWERHGSRXEGXWIWXEFPMWLIHXLIVILIVIQEMRIHGPSWIP]PMROIH[MXL
ERHWYTTSVXMZISJWGMIRXMWXWMR-RHME'LMREERH'YFE4IVLETWQSWXMQTSVXERXP]LIEGUYMVIHEWX]PISJWGMIRXM½GPIEHIVWLMTERH
EWWSGMEXMSR[MXLJIPPS[WGMIRXMWXWXLEXXSKIXLIV[MXLLMWKVIEXGLEVQ[EWI\XVIQIP]EXXVEGXMZIERH[EWGPIEVP]VI¾IGXIHMRXLIIEWI
[MXL[LMGLGS[SVOIVWERHGSHMWGYWWERXWJVSQQYPXMTPIHMWGMTPMRIWERHQER]GSYRXVMIWWSYKLXLMWGSQTER]
137
In memoriam
Ita Askonas (1923 - 2013)
&VMKMXXI%WOSREWHMIHSR.EREKIH7LI[EWEQIQFIVSJWXEJJEX2-16
JVSQERH[EW,IEHSJXLI(MZMWMSRSJ-QQYRSPSK]JVSQYRXMPLIV
VIXMVIQIRXMR
&VMKMXXI%WOSREW[MHIP]ORS[REW-XEQEHIWIQMREPGSRXVMFYXMSRWXSSYV
YRHIVWXERHMRKSJXLIQSPIGYPEVFEWMWSJP]QTLSG]XIVIWTSRWIWXSTVSXIMRWERH
IWTIGMEPP]XSMRJIGXMSYWEKIRXW3RISJXLIJSVIQSWX&VMXMWLMQQYRSPSKMWXW-XE
[EWIPIGXIHXSFIGSQIE*IPPS[SJXLI6S]EP7SGMIX]MRERH[EW:MGI
4VIWMHIRXJVSQ-RWLI[EWIPIGXIHEWEJSVIMKREWWSGMEXISJ
XLI2EXMSREP%GEHIQ]SJ7GMIRGIWSJXLI97%-XELEHETVSJSYRHERHWYWXEMRIH
MR¾YIRGIMRXLI½IPHSJMQQYRSPSK]ERHMRXLIHIZIPSTQIRXERHEHZERGIQIRXSJ
MRXIVREXMSREPP]EGGPEMQIHMRZIWXMKEXSVW
-XE[EWFSVRMR:MIRREXS'ÎGLTEVIRXWMR,IVJEQMP]PIJX%YWXVMEMR
ERHWIXXPIHMR'EREHEMR)HYGEXIHEX1G+MPP9RMZIVWMX]MR1SRXVIEPWLI
QSZIHXSXLI9RMXIH/MRKHSQMRXLIPEXIWXSHSE4L(MRFMSGLIQMWXV]EX
XLI9RMZIVWMX]SJ'EQFVMHKI-RWLISFXEMRIHETSWMXMSRMRXLI&MSGLIQMWXV]
(MZMWMSREX2-16XSWXYH]LS[QMPOTVSXIMRWEVIQEHI
-RXLIQMHW-XEWXEVXIHWXYH]MRKERXMFSH]W]RXLIWMWERHWIGVIXMSRWLS[MRK
XLEXEJXIVMQQYRMWEXMSRERXMFSH]WIGVIXMRKGIPPW[IVIRSXSRP]TVIWIRXMR
P]QTLSMHXMWWYIFYXEPWSMRFSRIQEVVS[ERHPYRK-R.SLR,YQTLVI]WIXYTXLI½VWX-QQYRSPSK](MZMWMSREX2-16
ERHMRZMXIH-XEXSFISRISJXLIJSYRHMRKQIQFIVW-RWLI[EWKMZIRETIVQERIRXWXEJJTSWMXMSRMRVIGSKRMXMSRSJLIV
±HMWXMRKYMWLIHVITYXEXMSRMRXLMWGSYRXV]ERHEFVSEHJSVLIVVIWIEVGLMRTVSXIMRW]RXLIWMWERHTEVXMGYPEVP]SRERXMFSH]JSVQEXMSR²
%JXIVWXYH]MRKXLIEWWIQFP]ERHWIGVIXMSRSJERXMFSHMIWEPWSORS[REWMQQYRSKPSFYPMRW-XE%WOSREWJSGYWIHSRXLIFILEZMSYV
SJ&GIPPWXLIGIPPWXLEXTVSHYGIERXMFSHMIW-RTEVXMGYPEVWLIPSSOIHEX[LMGLERXMFSHMIW[IVITVSHYGIHEJXIVHMJJIVIRXERXMKIRW
[IVIEHQMRMWXIVIHXSERMQEPW
,IV[SVOMRXLIWSRXLIVSPISJ8P]QTLSG]XIWMRMRJIGXMSRIWTIGMEPP]MRJIGXMSRW[MXLXLIMR¾YIRÊERHVIWTMVEXSV]W]RG]XMEP
ZMVYWIWMWWIIREWLIVQENSVGSRXVMFYXMSR,IV[SVOTEZIHXLI[E]XSYRHIVWXERHMRKZMVEPERXMKIRTVIWIRXEXMSRXS8GIPPW-R
WLIFIGEQI,IEHSJXLI(MZMWMSRSJ-QQYRSPSK]EX2-16ETSWXWLILIPHYRXMPWLIVIXMVIHMR
%RRI3´+EVVE,IEHSJ2-16´W(MZMWMSRSJ-QQYRSVIKYPEXMSRVIQIQFIVW-XEEWERMRWTMVMRKQIRXSV
“Ita was passionate about introducing young scientists to immunology and worked hard to support students from many countries,
especially in the developing world. Many of the PhD students and postdocs she trained are now eminent scientists. She also trained
many physicians in experimental immunology. She continued to actively advise scientists at all levels taking a great interest in young
VIWIEVGLIVWKMZMRKXLIQEHZMGISRI\TIVMQIRXEPERHGEVIIVETTVSEGLIW,IVPMJIPSRKHIITMRXIVIWXMRWGMIRXM½GUYIWXMSRWERHXLIJYXYVISJ
MQQYRSPSK]VIWIEVGLMRXLI9/MRWTMVIHYWEPP²
138
7GMIRXM½GWIQMREVW
2IEVP]WIQMREVWERHPIGXYVIWF]ZMWMXMRKWTIEOIVWEVIKMZIREXXLI-RWXMXYXIIEGL]IEV)EGLQENSVEVIESJWGMIRGILEWMXWS[R
WIQMREVWIVMIWERHXLI1MPP,MPP0IGXYVIWIVMIWMWERERRYEPWIVMIWSJEFSYXXIRPIGXYVIWKMZIRF]IQMRIRXWGMIRXMWXWJVSQEVSYRH
XLI[SVPH%WIPIGXMSRSJLMKLPMKLXWJVSQXLITEWX]IEVMWWLS[R
Dario Alessi
9RMZIVWMX]SJ(YRHII
Gordon Brown
9RMZIVWMX]SJ%FIVHIIR
Doreen Cantrell
9RMZIVWMX]SJ(YRHII
Teresa Carlomagno 7XVYGXYVEP
'SQTYXMSREP&MSPSK])1&0,IMHIPFIVK+IVQER]
Philip Cohen
9RMZIVWMX]SJ(YRHII
Barry Dickson
-RWXMXYXISJ1SPIGYPEV4EXLSPSK]:MIRRE%YWXVME
Douglas Epstein
(ITEVXQIRXSJ+IRIXMGW9RMZIVWMX]SJ4IRRW]PZERME97%
Sarah-Maria Fendt
1EWWEGLYWIXXW-RWXMXYXISJ8IGLRSPSK]
Steven Gerondakis 1SREWL9RMZIVWMX]%YWXVEPME
Magdalena Götz
0YH[MK1E\MQMPMERW9RMZIVWMXmX1YRMGL+IVQER]
Otto Haller
9RMZIVWMX]SJ*VIMFYVK+IVQER]
Harald zur Hausen
(/*>+IVQER'ERGIV6IWIEVGL'IRXIV,IMHIPFIVK+IVQER]
Edith Heard
'267-RWXMXYX'YVMI4EVMW*VERGI
Mark Howarth
(ITEVXQIRXSJ&MSGLIQMWXV]9RMZIVWMX]SJ3\JSVH
Richard W Kriwacki (ITEVXQIRXSJ7XVYGXYVEP&MSPSK]7X.YHI'LMPHVIR´W6IWIEVGL,SWTMXEP1IQTLMW8297%
Susan Mango
,EVZEVH9RMZIVWMX]97%
Sarkis Mazmanian
'EPMJSVRME-RWXMXYXISJ8IGLRSPSK]97%
Linda Partridge
1E\4PERGO-RWXMXYXIJSV&MSPSK]SJ%KIMRK-RWXMXYXISJ,IEPXL]%KIMRKERH+))9'0
Janez Plavec
216'IRXVI2EXMSREP-RWXMXYXISJ'LIQMWXV]0NYFPNERE7PSZIRME
Fiona Powrie
9RMZIVWMX]SJ3\JSVH
Markus Ralser
'EQFVMHKI7]WXIQW&MSPSK]'IRXVI9RMZIVWMX]SJ'EQFVMHKI
Gideon Schreiber
(ITEVXQIRXSJ&MSPSKMGEP'LIQMWXV];IM^QERR-RWXMXYXISJ7GMIRGI-WVEIP
Alain Vincent
'IRXVIHI&MSPSKMIHY(IZIPSTTIQIRX'2679RMZIVWMXI8SYPSYWI*VERGI
Gerhard Wagner
,EVZEVH1IHMGEP7GLSSP97%
139
Staff honours 2012
Editorial boards
Siew Lan Ang
-RXIVREXMSREP.SYVREPSJ(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]
Mike Blackman
40374EXLSKIRW)YOEV]SXMG'IPP
James Briscoe
4037&MSPSK](IZIPSTQIRX(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]2IYVEP(IZIPSTQIRX
(IZIPSTQIRXEP(]REQMGW
Denis Burdakov
40373RI%QIVMGER.SYVREPSJ4L]WMSPSK]*VSRXMIVWMR1SPIGYPEV2IYVSWGMIRGI
Roger Buxton
*)171MGVSFMSPSK]0IXXIVW
John Doorbar
.SYVREPSJ+IRIVEP:MVSPSK]
Paul Driscoll
.SYVREPSJ7XVYGXYVEPERH*YRGXMSREP+IRSQMGW40373RI
Greg Elgar
&VMI½RKWMR*YRGXMSREP+IRSQMGW+IRSQI&MSPSK]ERH)ZSPYXMSR
Richard Goldstein
&1')ZSPYXMSREV]&MSPSK].SYVREPSJ'LIQMGEP&MSPSK]4)(7
François Guillemot
&1'(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK](IZIPSTQIRXEP'IPP+IRIW
(IZIPSTQIRX2IYVEP(IZIPSTQIRX
Tony Holder
)YOEV]SXMG'IPP1SPIGYPEVERH&MSGLIQMGEP4EVEWMXSPSK]
George Kassiotis
403732)
Jean Langhorne
40374EXLSKIRW-RXIVREXMSREP.SYVREPSJ4EVEWMXSPSK]
Steve Ley
'IPP6IWIEVGL&MSGLIQMGEP.SYVREP
Malcolm Logan
(IZIPSTQIRXEP(]REQMGW(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK](IZIPSTQIRX
Robin Lovell-Badge
3VKERSKIRIWMW7I\YEP(IZIPSTQIRX&MSPSK]SJ7I\(MJJIVIRGIW
John McCauley
:MVYW6IWIEVGL:EGGMRI6IWIEVGL
Elke Ober
(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]
Anne O’Garra
.SYVREPSJ)\TIVMQIRXEP1IHMGMRI
Annalisa Pastore
403732)4IIV..&'4VMSR7GMIRGI.IX
Andres Ramos
3TIR1EKRIXMG6IWSRERGI.SYVREP
Katrin Rittinger
&MSGLIQMGEP.SYVREP
Benedict Seddon
*VSRXMIVWMR-QQYRSPSKMGEP1IQSV]-QQYRSPSK]
Steve Smerdon
7GMIRGI7MKREPMRK
Jim Smith
8VIRHWMR+IRIXMGW3TIR&MSPSK]
Gitta Stockinger
*VSRXMIVWMR-QQYRSPSK]
Jonathan Stoye
.SYVREPSJ:MVSPSK]
James Turner
)HMXSVMEP%HZMWSV]&SEVH'LVSQSWSQI6IWIEVGL&MSPSK]SJ6ITVSHYGXMSR
Victor Tybulewicz
*VSRXMIVWMR&GIPP&MSPSK]*VSRXMIVWMR8GIPP&MSPSK]*EGYPX]SJ
Jean-Paul Vincent
7GMIRGI7MKREPPMRK(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]
David Wilkinson
1IGLERMWQWSJ(IZIPSTQIRX+IRI)\TVIWWMSR4EXXIVR(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]*EGYPX]SJ
&MS1IH'IRXVEP(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]
Robert Wilkinson
-RXIVREXMSREP.SYVREPSJ8YFIVGYPSWMWERH0YRK(MWIEWI8YFIVGYPSWMW403732)
Mark Wilson
40374EXLSKIRW
Douglas Young
8YFIVGYPSWMW
Lyle Zimmerman
KIRIWMW 8LI.SYVREPSJ+IRIXMGWERH(IZIPSTQIRX
140
Staff honours 2012 (cont.)
7GMIRXM½G'SQQMXXIIWERH7GMIRXM½G%HZMWXSV]&SEVHW7%&
Mike Blackman
1IQFIV7:7)1MGVSFMSPSK]-QQYRSPSK]ERH-RJIGXMSR+VERX)ZEPYEXMSR4ERIP%KIRGI2EXMSREPI
HIPE6IGLIVGLI%26*VERGI
)\IGYXMZI'SQQMXXIIQIQFIV)9)ZM1EPEV2IX[SVOSJ)\GIPPIRGI
'SSVHMREXSVSJ³-RXIV1EP8VEMRMRK´)91EVMI'YVMI-RMXMEP8VEMRMRK2IX[SVO
James Briscoe
;IPPGSQI8VYWX)\TIVX6IZMI[+VSYT
6SWPMR-RWXMXYXI7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVH
'SQTER]SJ&MSPSKMWXW
0´%KIRGI2EXMSREPIHIPE6IGLIVGLI*VERGI
Roger Buxton
*IPPS[SJXLI7SGMIX]SJ&MSPSK]
7GMIRXM½G7XIIVMRK;SVOMRK+VSYT77;+JSV2-,2-%-(WTSRWSVIH'SQQYRMX]%RRSXEXMSR
4VSNIGXSJMycobacterium tuberculosis Genome
John Doorbar
-RWXMXYX2EXMSREPHY'ERGIV
Paul Driscoll
1IQFIV)\XIVREP%HZMWSV]&SEVH,IRV];IPPGSQI2160EFSVEXSVMIW&MVQMRKLEQ9RMZIVWMX]
'LEMVQER)\IGYXMZI'SQQMXXII'SPPEFSVEXMZI'SQTYXMRK4VSNIGXJSV216
Alex Gould
;IPPGSQI8VYWX4IIV6IZMI['SPPIKI
Ad hocQIQFIVSJ;IPPGSQI8VYWX-RZIWXMKEXSV%[EVHW7IPIGXMSR4ERIP
9/1IXEFSPMG(MWGYWWMSR+VSYT
*VERGMW'VMGO-RWXMXYXI'ERGIV6IWIEVGL7XVEXIK];SVOKVSYT
*VERGMW'VMGO-RWXMXYXI7]QTSWME'SSVKERMWIV
6S]EP&VSQTXSR,SWTMXEP6IWIEVGL'SRWSVXME9WIV+VSYT
François Guillemot
7IPIGXMSR'SQQMXXIIJSVXLI4IXIVERH4EXVMGME+VYFIV-RXIVREXMSREP6IWIEVGL%[EVH
in Neuroscience
Tony Holder
;IPPGSQI8VYWX)\TIVX6IZMI[+VSYT4EXLSKIRFMSPSK]ERHHMWIEWIXVERWQMWWMSR
Ed Hulme
1IQFIV7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVHSJ,ITXEVIW8LIVETIYXMGW
Jean Langhorne
;IPPGSQI8VYWX)\TIVX6IZMI[+VSYT±-QQYRI7]WXIQMR,IEPXLERH(MWIEWI²
Steve Ley
MRC Infections and Immunity Board
Robin Lovell-Badge
7IRWI%FSYX7GMIRGI%HZMWSV]'SYRGMP7GMIRGI1IHME'IRXVI%HZMWSV]&SEVH4VIWMHIRXSJXLI
-RWXMXYXISJ%RMQEP8IGLRSPSK]'SSTXIHQIQFIVSJXLI7GMIRXM½GERH'PMRMGEP%HZERGIW
%HZMWSV]'SQQMXXIISJXLI,YQER*IVXMPMX]ERH)QFV]S%YXLSVMX],*)%1IQFIVERH
7IGVIXEV]SJXLI.YV]JSVXLI&&:%*SYRHEXMSR*VSRXMIVWSJ/RS[PIHKI&MSQIHMGMRI%[EVH
6S]EP7SGMIX]1IQFIVSJ'SYRGMP4YFPMG0MFVEV]SJ7GMIRGI4037&SEVH1IQFIV1IQFIVSJ
*IPHFIVK*SYRHEXMSR%[EVH'SQQMXXII1IQFIVSJ,*)%4YFPMG(MEPSKYI3ZIVWMKLX+VSYTSR
1MXSGLSRHVMEPXVERWJIV
Justin Molloy
;IPPGSQI8VYWX)\TIVX6IZMI[+VSYT
&&76'8SSPWERH6IWSYVGIW
(VIWHIR'&+1E\4PERGO6IZMI[4ERIP
Andrew Oates
7XIIVMRK'SQQMXXII)YVSTIER7GMIRGI*SYRHEXMSR6IWIEVGL2IX[SVOMRK4VSKVEQQI
John Offer
6S]EP7SGMIX]SJ'LIQMWXV]4VSXIMRERH4ITXMHI7GMIRGIKVSYT
Anne O’Garra
7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVH/I]WXSRI'SRJIVIRGIW'SPSVEHS97%16'%&4-9/-R¾EQQEXMSR
ERH-QQYRSPSK]-RMXMEXMZI7XIIVMRK+VSYT)6'+VERX%HZERGIH6IWIEVGLIV+VERXW
07(MEKRSWXMGXSSPWXLIVETMIWERHTYFPMGLIEPXL7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVH-RWXMXYXIJSV
&MSQIHMGEP7GMIRGIW&IPPMR^SRE7[MXÎVPERH7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVH&E]PSV-RWXMXYXIJSV
-QQYRSPSK](EPPEW97%
6S]EP7SGMIX]'SQQMXXII7'
Annalisa Pastore
7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVHSJ&MSXIGLRSPSK]-RWXMXYXIMR,IPWMROM*MRPERH
6IJIVIIJSVXLI½VWX7GMIRGI)ZEPYEXMSRSJ-XEPMER-RWXMXYXMSRWSVKERMÎHF]XLI-XEPMER1MRMWXV]SJ
Education
'SSVKERMÎVSJ)4*0)8,[SVOWLST1SPIGYPEV'VS[HMRK%WGSRE-WG;SVOWLST(MWGYWWMSR
KVSYTSR-VSR7YPJYVGPYWXIVTVSXIMRW0SRHSR
Steve Smerdon
(MEQSRH0MKLX7SYVGI7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]'SQQMXXII
141
Staff honours 2012 (cont.)
Jim Smith
1IQFIV7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVH8[MWX(\%717GMIRXM½G
7YFNIGX,IEHJSV(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]&MSPSK]-QEKI0MFVEV]
1IQFIV7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVH-RWXMXYXIJSV8S\MGSPSK]ERH+IRIXMGW/EVPWVYLI
1IQFIV7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]'SYRGMP-RHMER-RWXMXYXISJ7GMIRGI)HYGEXMSRERH6IWIEVGL--7)6
1IQFIV7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]'SQQMXXII&MSWGMIRGIWERH&MSIRKMRIIVMRK+VSYTEX-RHMER
-RWXMXYXISJ8IGLRSPSK]-RHSVI
+SZIVRSVERH'LEMVSJ)HYGEXMSR'SQQMXXII0EX]QIV9TTIV7GLSSP
'LEMV6S]EP7SGMIX];IPPGSQI8VYWX7MV,IRV](EPI*IPPS[WLMT-RXIVZMI['SQQMXXII
(MVIGXSVSJ6IWIEVGL*VERGMW'VMGO-RWXMXYXI
Gitta Stockinger
)6'7XEVXMRK+VERXWTERIP
%GEHIQ]SJ*MRPERHTERIP
)1&3PSRKXIVQJIPPS[WLMTTERIP
*'8KVERXTERIP4SVXYKEP
%HZMWSV]&SEVH(ITEVXQIRXSJ&MSQIHMGMRI&EWIP
%HZMWSV]&SEVH(6*>&IVPMR
Victor Tybulewicz
'SYRGMPSJ%GEHIQ]SJ1IHMGEP7GMIRGIW
%XMTI%ZIRMVGEVIIVHIZIPSTQIRXJIPPS[WLMTWSJXLI'267ERH-27)61'LEMV
Jean-Paul Vincent
%GEHIQ]SJ1IHMGEP7GMIRGIW7IGXMSREPGSQQMXXII'LEMV7%&SJXLI-RWXMXYXHI
FMSPSKMIHY(IZIPSTTIQIRXHI1EVWIMPPI'LEMV)ZEPYEXMSR'SQQMXXIIISJXLI
(ITEVXQIRXSJ(IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]SJXLI-RWXMXYX'YVMI
David Wilkinson )1&30SRK8IVQ*IPPS[WLMTW'SQQMXXII
;IPFMS7GMIRXM½G'SYRGMP
1SYWI%XPEWERH+IRI)\TVIWWMSR(EXEFEWI)1%+)
+IRI)\TVIWWMSR(EXEFEWI+<(
,IPQLSPX^7SGMIX]&MSMRXIVJEGIW4VSKVEQ
Robert Wilkinson
7GMIRXM½G%HZMWSV]&SEVH1IQFIV8LI%JVMGE'IRXVIJSV,IEPXLERH4STYPEXMSR7XYHMIW
1XYFEXYFE/[E>YPY2EXEP
8VYWXIIERHFSEVHQIQFIV7SYXL%JVMGER'IRXVIJSV)TMHIQMSPSKMGEPEREP]WMWERHQSHIPMRK
7XIPPIRFSWGL9RMZIVWMX]'ETI8S[R7SYXL%JVMGE
Douglas Young
;IPPGSQI8VYWX(&8-RHME%PPMERGI7IRMSV*IPPS[WLMT4ERIP
8YFIVGYPSWMW:EGGMRI-RMXMEXMZI8&:-+SZIVRERGI&SEVH
%IVEW&MSQEVOIVWERH'SVVIPEXIW;SVOMRK+VSYT
-RWXMXYXISJ-RJIGXMSYW(MWIEWIWERH1SPIGYPEV1IHMGMRI--(11'ETI8S[R7GMIRGI%HZMWSV]
/[E>YPY2EXEP6IWIEVGL-RWXMXYXIJSV8YFIVGYPSWMWERH,-:/6-8,(YVFER7GMIRGI%HZMWSV]
3VGLMH4VSNIGX+7/(MWIEWIWSJXLI(IZIPSTMRK;SVPH8VIW'ERXSW7GMIRGI%HZMWSV]
16''IRXVIJSV1SPIGYPEV&EGXIVMSPSK]
-RJIGXMSR'1&--QTIVMEP'SPPIKI1EREKIQIRX
Committee
;,3-R¾YIRÊ'IRXVI
-RXIVREXMSREP*IHIVEXMSRSJ4LEVQEGIYXMGEP1ERYJEGXYVIVW
%WWSGMEXMSRW
142
PhD theses awarded in 2012
Name
Division
Title of thesis
Daniela Drechsel
1SPIGYPEV2IYVSFMSPSK]
Emma Cookson
4L]WMGEP&MSGLIQMWXV]
John Ewbank
-QQYRSVIKYPEXMSR
Victoria Felton
:MVSPSK]
Thorsten Gantke
-QQYRI'IPP&MSPSK]
Claire Hastings
4EVEWMXSPSK]
Joseph Hedden
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Saira Hussain
:MVSPSK]
+IRSQI[MHIEREP]WMWSJX[SXVERWGVMTXMSREPTVSKVEQQIWSJ
RIYVSKIRIWMW
'LEVEGXIVMWEXMSRSJXLI;IMFIP4EPEHIFSH]JYWMSRTSVIYWMRK
STXMGEPERHIPIGXVSGLIQMGEPXIGLRMUYIW
Mycobacterium tuberculosis induced transcription in
QEGVSTLEKIWVSPISJ840)6/WMKREPPMRKMRRIKEXMZI
VIKYPEXMSRSJ8]TI--RXIVJIVSRTVSHYGXMSRERHMQTPMGEXMSRW
JSVGSRXVSPSJXYFIVGYPSWMW
7XYHMIWSJXLIVIKYPEXMSRSJXLI*ZKIRIMQTPMGEXMSRWJSV
VIXVSZMVEPVIWXVMGXMSR
4VSHYGXMSRERHGLEVEGXIVMÊXMSRSJXLI840%&-22*
O&TGSQTPI\
2SZIPQEPEVMETEVEWMXITVSXIMRWMRZSPZIHMRIV]XLVSG]XI
invasion
8LIVSPISJ'PTERH4GJMR8VERWGVMTXMSRERHTVIQ62%
ÍRH4VSGIWWMRK
-QMRSWYKEVWEWERXMZMVEPWEKEMRWXLYQERMR¾YIRÊ%ZMVYWIW
Steven Moore
(IZIPSTQIRXEP2IYVSFMSPSK]
8LIVIKYPEXSV]PSKMGSJ4E\I\TVIWWMSRMRXLIRIYVEPXYFI
Rosalind Morley
(IZIPSTQIRXEP2IYVSFMSPSK]
Aylin Morris-Davies
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Lily Nematollahi
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Hui Lin Dorothy Ng
4EVEWMXSPSK]
Ana Penedos
7XIQ'IPP&MSPSK]ERH
(IZIPSTQIRXEP+IRIXMGW
-RZIWXMKEXMSRMRXSXLIGIPPYPEVQIGLERMWQYWYRHIVP]MRKGIPP
WSVXMRKF])TLVIGITXSVWERHITLVMRW
*YRGXMSREPGLEVEGXIVMÊXMSRSJTSP]YFMUYMXMRGLEMRWMRMQQYRI
WMKREPPMRK
216ERHFMSTL]WMGEPMRZIWXMKEXMSRSJHIEXLHSQEMR
EWWIQFPMIW
-QTEGXSJWIUYIRXMEPLIXIVSPSKSYWMRJIGXMSRSRTVIZMSYWP]
IWXEFPMWLIHLYQSVEPMQQYRMX]
6IKYPEXMSRSJ,STJYRGXMSRF]1IG8IPTLSWTLSV]PEXMSRW
Jonathan Pitt
-QQYRSVIKYPEXMSR
Ridzuan Razak
4EVEWMXSPSK]
Andrea Ruecker
4EVEWMXSPSK]
Lasse Stach
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Katarina Timofeev
1SPIGYPEV2IYVSFMSPSK]
8LIVSPISJMRXIVPIYOMRMRWYTTVIWWMSRSJMycobacterium
tuberculosis infection and BCG vaccination in resistant and
WYWGITXMFPIQSYWIWXVEMRW
-RZIWXMKEXMRK+%4PSGEPMWEXMSRERHTLSWTLSV]PEXMSRHYVMRK
Plasmodium falciparumWGLM^SRXHIZIPSTQIRX
,SQMRKMRSRKIXXMRKSYX'LEVEGXIVMWEXMSRSJ7)6%E
TYXEXMZIQEPEVMEPTVSXIEWI[MXLEVSPIMRIKVIWW
7XVYGXYVEPERHJYRGXMSREPEREP]WIWSJTLSWTLSWIVMRI
TLSWTLSXLVISRMRIFMRHMRKHSQEMRW
6IKYPEXMSRSJPE]IVWTIGM½GE\SRXEVKIXMRKMRXLIHIZIPSTMRK
ZMWYEPW]WXIQSJDrosophila
143
MRC Centenary award winners
-R.YRIXLI16'E[EVHIH2-16EWYFWXERXMEPWYQSJQSRI]XSLIPTWYTTSVXIEVP]GEVIIVVIWIEVGLIVW[MXL16''IRXIREV])EVP]
'EVIIV%[EVHW*SPPS[MRKETERIPVIZMI[XLI(MVIGXSVQEHIE[EVHWPMWXIHFIPS[*VSQIEGLGEXIKSV]XLI³FIWXSJKVSYT´[EW
WIPIGXIHWLS[RMRFSPH
PLT Awards
4L]WMSPSK]ERH1IXEFSPMWQ
John Offer
Peter Thorpe7XIQ'IPP&MSPSK]ERH
Venizelos PapayannopouloW1SPIGYPEV-QQYRSPSK]
Mark Wilson
1SPIGYPEV-QQYRSPSK]
Luiz De Carvalho 1]GSFEGXIVMEP6IWIEVGL
Fellowships CDFs
Aylin Morris-Davies
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Benjamin Richier 1SPIGYPEV2IYVSFMSPSK]
Lasse Stach 1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
George Young -QQYRSVIKYPEXMSR
Robert Moon 4EVEWMXSPSK]
Jonathan Pitt
-QQYRSVIKYPEXMSR
Elizabeth Underwood
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Emma Cookson 4L]WMGEP&MSGLIQMWXV]
Lily Nematollahi 1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Student Awards
Alex Brown
2IYVSTL]WMSPSK]
Sean Constable (IZIPSTQIRXEP2IYVSFMSPSK]
Harald Hartweger
-QQYRI'IPP&MSPSK]
Wilson Li
:MVSPSK]
Laura Robertson 1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Anna Strobl
7]WXIQW&MSPSK]
Roberta Azzarelli 1SPIGYPEV2IYVSFMSPSK]
Kat Collins 1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Ashleigh Howes -QQYRSVIKYPEXMSR
Training & Travel Awards
Martin Carkett (IZIPSTQIRXEP&MSPSK]
Clare Davy :MVSPSK]
Maria Elena Ledesma Fernandez7XIQ'IPP&MSPSK]ERH
Olivia Mitchell -QQYRI'IPP&MSPSK]
Roksana Ogrodowicz 1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Victoria Pelly 1SPIGYPEV-QQYRSPSK]
Rohini Rana
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Irina Stefana
4L]WMSPSK]ERH1IXEFSPMWQ
Harriet Taylor (IZIPSTQIRXEP2IYVSFMSPSK]
Nadege Vernet 7XIQ'IPP&MSPSK]ERH
Matteo Villa
1SPIGYPEV-QQYRSPSK]
144
Thibaut Brugat 4EVEWMXSPSK]
Leona Gabrysova-QQYRSVIKYPEXMSR
Eva Herrero
7XIQ'IPP&MSPSK]ERH
Simone Kunzelmann
Damian Perez-Mazliah
4EVEWMXSPSK]
Ana Silva
-QQYRI'IPP&MSPSK]
Charles Sinclair -QQYRI'IPP&MSPSK]
Darren Wight :MVSPSK]
George Gentsch 7]WXIQW&MSPSK]
Tim Ragan
1SPIGYPEV7XVYGXYVI
Patricia Garcez 1SPIGYPEV2IYVSFMSPSK]
Current funding sources
8LI1IHMGEP6IWIEVGL'SYRGMP16'MWXLITVMRGMTEPWSYVGISJVIWIEVGLJYRHMRK8LIFYHKIXGYVVIRXP]QTEMWWIXIZIV]
½ZI]IEVWJSPPS[MRKER-RWXMXYXI[MHIVIZMI[SJVIWSYVGIW8LMWVIZMI[XEOIWTPEGIEJXIVXLI½ZI]IEVP]TIIVVIZMI[GSRHYGXIHF]
16'6IWIEVGL&SEVHWSJXLITVSKVEQQIWSJXLIMRHMZMHYEP(MZMWMSRW
8LI-RWXMXYXIEPWSEXXVEGXWJYRHMRKWYTTSVXJVSQE[MHIVERKISJHMJJIVIRXEKIRGMIWMRGPYHMRKQIHMGEPVIWIEVGLGLEVMXMIW
MRXIVREXMSREPWSYVGIWTEVXMGYPEVP]XLI)9ERHJVSQMRHYWXVMEPERHGSQQIVGMEPGSQTERMIW
%7XEV16'
%GEHIQ]SJ1IHMGEP7GMIRGIW
%VXLVMXMW6IWIEVGL9/
BBSRC
&SILVMRKIV-RKIPLIMQ
Discovery Foundation
EDCTP
EMBO
EPSRC
)9
)YVS&MS-QEKMRK
)YVSTIER6IWIEVGL'SYRGMP
FEBS
*SRHEXMSR0IHYU
+IVQER6IWIEVGL'SYRGMP
,EVV]'VSWWPI]*SYRHEXMSR
,YQER*VSRXMIVW7GMIRGI4VSKVEQ
0EPSV*SYRHEXMSR*IPPS[WLMT
1EVWLEPP7GLSPEVWLMT*SYRHEXMSR
1IVMIY\%PPMERGI
16'8IGLRSPSK]
MSD
2-,
4EVOMRWSR´W9/
7ERS½4EWXIYV
7SYXLIVR%JVMGER'SRWSVXMYQJSVVIWIEVGL)\GIPPIRGI7%'36)
7[MWW2EXMSREP7GMIRGI*SYRHEXMSR
;IPPGSQI8VYWX
145
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3WMRYWM/%OMRFEQM*37LSOYRFM;%7SHIMRHI3ERH*IVRERHI^6I]IW
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2
microRNA-9 regulates axon extension and branching by targeting Map1b in
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Nature Neuroscience 15
49. 'SGUYIX.)PPMW4.-1ELEHIZEMEL7/%JJEVE2%:EMQER(ERH&YVKS]RI47
A genetic basis for a postmeiotic X versus Y chromosome intragenomic
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PLOS Genetics 8I
59. (I0SW6MSW4,EJRIV1ERH4EWXSVI%
Explaining the length threshold of polyglutamine aggregation.
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50. 'SPPMRW'6ERH&PEGOQER1.
Apicomplexan AMA1 in host cell invasion: a model at the junction?
Cell Host & Microbe 10
51. 'SPY^Ê-1EGHSREPH.87EHS[WOM1-8E]PSV;6ERH+SPHWXIMR6%
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PLOS ONE 7I
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53. 'SRIWE&SXIPPE%1IMRXNIW+'SYWWIRW%/ZERHIV4PEW,+SPMEXL
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'SPIFYRHIVW6ERH;MPOMRWSR/%
'SVXMGSWXIVSMHXLIVET]ZMXEQMR(WXEXYWERHMR¾EQQEXSV]G]XSOMRI
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(EZMHWSR621MPFYVR,.&EOIV0:&EVOIV6(1IMR'%&LE[6SWYR
02YEQEL6=SYRK(&(VSFRMI[WOM*%+VMJ½XLW'.ERH1EVXMRIEY%6
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1MXGLIPP1.
,YQERERHQSYWI>*=KIRIWTVSHYGIEGSRWIVZIHXIWXMWWTIGM½G
XVERWGVMTXIRGSHMRKE^MRG½RKIVTVSXIMR[MXLEWLSVXEGMHMGHSQEMRERH
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Human Molecular Genetics 21
61. (IRE\E1/EPEMX^MHSY1+EVIJEPEOM%%GLMQEWXSY%0EWVEHS61EIW8
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62. (IZS]%&YRXSR7XEW]WL]R6/%8]FYPI[MG^:0.7QMXL%.,ERH*MWLIV
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63. (ME^%PSRWS.%KYEHS8;Y'74EPE^YIPSW.,SJQERR'+EVGI^4
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64. (NSVHNIZMG7ERH(VMWGSPP4'
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PLOS Pathogens 8I
66. (SYWI',+VIIR.07EPKEHS477MQTWSR4.8LSQEW.'0ERKWPI]+
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67. (YPI]%/4PSUYMR1.=)OWQSRH9%QQERR'+1IWWIV6.1]IVW0
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Negative impact of IFN-a on early host immune responses to retroviral
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57. HE'VY^02.YPMERS1%&YHY%.YPMERS0,SPHIV%%&PEGOQER1.ERH
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Extracellular ATP triggers proteolysis and cytosolic Ca2+ rise in
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PLOS ONE 7:e33346
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The mechanism of erythrocyte invasion by the malarial parasite,
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Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology 22
80. +IQQE7+MSZERM7&VMRHMWM18VMTEPHM4&VSKM77EZMRM0*MSVMRM-
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Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 22
70. *MRRI]&%7GL[IMKLSJJIV)2EZEVVS2yI^0&qRqÎGL'&EVSRI*
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72EWL+&7QMXLIVW26IMWI7SYWE'8]FYPI[MG^:0.ERH;EXWSR74
CLEC-2 and Syk in the megakaryocytic/platelet lineage are essential for
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Blood 119
81. +MHISR,4;MPOMRWSR/%6YWXEH863RM8+YMS,7LIVQER(6
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Bioinformatic and empirical analysis of novel hypoxia-inducible targets of
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71. *MZMER,YKLIW%,SYKLXSR.ERH(EZMW)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate synthase gene thyX is essential
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Microbiology 158
72. *VEGGEPZMIVM(8MFIVXM14ERHMRM%&SREXM0ERH4ETEPIS)
Functional annotation of the mesophilic-like character of mutants in a
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Molecular BioSystems 8
82. +MPGLVMWX1.
From expression cloning to gene modeling: the development of Xenopus
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Genesis 50
83. +MPGLVMWX1.ERH4SPPIX2
Databases of gene expression in Xenopus development.
Methods in Molecular Biology 917
84. +MRHIW01EXWYM,%GLMVSR61SLYR8,S7=ERH+EVHMRIV,
Comparison of ex-vivo high-resolution episcopic microscopy with in-vivo
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Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 39
73. *VIMXEWHS6SWjVMS%40EQF87TIRGI47XITLIRW60ERK%6SIVW%
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IL-27 promotes IL-10 production by effector Th1 CD4+ T cells: a critical
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85. +zQI^+EZMVS10SZIPP&EHKI6*IVRjRHI^%ZMPqW*ERH0EVE4I^^M)
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74. *VIMXEWHS6SWEVMS%4ERH0ERKLSVRI.
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86. +zQI^+EZMVS1:7GSXX')7IWE]%/1EXLIY%&SSXL7+EPMGLIX'ERH
0SZIPP&EHKI6
Betacellulin promotes cell proliferation in the neural stem cell niche and
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75. *VMHL:ERH6MXXMRKIV/
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PLOS ONE 7I
76. *YOYHE84VEXXS*7GLMQIRXM.'8YVRIV.1%'EQIVMRM3XIVS6(ERH
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Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis
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PLOS Genetics 8I
77. +EPMERS1.SLRWSR&*1]IVW6)PPMW.(ERMIPW6ERH>EQFSR1
*EXEPGEWIWSJMR¾YIRÊ%,2MRGLMPHVIRMRWMKLXWJVSQ[LSPI
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PLOS ONE 7:e33166
78. +ERXOI87VMWOERXLEVENEL77EHS[WOM1ERH0I]7'
IgB kinase regulation of the TPL-2/ERK MAPK pathway.
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79. +IEGL8.7XIQTPI(0ERH>MQQIVQER0&
Genetic analysis of Xenopus tropicalis.
87. +SRGEPZIW:&VERRMKER.%;LEPPI](%RWIPP/,7E\X]&,SPHIV%%
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Discovery of Plasmodium vivax N-myristoyltransferase inhibitors:
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Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 55
88. +SRÊPI^]1IVGLERH.%>EVEKSÊ'SRXVIVEW6+YEHEVVEQE1IHMRE
6,IPKYIVE6ITIXXS%'6MZIVE+YXMIVVI^7'IVRE'SVXIW.*7ERXSW
%VKYQIHS0ERH'S\6%
Evaluation of the cell growth of mycobacteria using Mycobacterium
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Journal of Microbiology 50
89. +SSHI(/ERH)PKEV+
Capturing the regulatory interactions of eukaryote genomes.
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90. +VERX.1ELEHIZEMEL7//LMP47ERKVMXLM126S]S,(YGO[SVXL.
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6(+MPGLVMWX1.ERH8YVRIV.1
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Nature 4879
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91. +VMJ½R,;Y>1EVRERI6(I[EV:1SPMNR%5YMRX;:ER,SSJ'
7XVY]J*'SPEY&.IROMRW(ERH(SSVFEV.
E4 antibodies facilitate detection and type-assignment of active HPV
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PLOS ONE 7I
92. +VMÎROSZE.%OLXEV7,YQQIVMGL,8SQPMRWSR%%WERXI)%;IRFSVR
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Overexpression of the Hspa13 (Stch) gene reduces prion disease
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America 109
93. +VSSQ,'8ERH&MWLST/2
The tale of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus.
94. +VSSQ,'8;EVVIR%=2IEP()ERH&MWLST/2
No evidence for infection of UK prostate cancer patients with XMRV,
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PLOS ONE 7I
95. +Y7/IPP]+;ERK<*VIROMIP87LIZGLMO:)ERH4MGOIVWKMPP6;
Solution structure of homology region (HR) domain of type II secretion
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96. +YMSPM70SZIPP&EHKI6ERH8YVRIV.1%
Error-prone ZW pairing and no evidence for meiotic sex chromosome
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PLOS Genetics 8I
97. +YXXIV](7*IVKYWSR(.44SYPMR&<Y>7XVEWGLMP9/PST37SP]EOSZ0
7ERHVMRM71&VEH](2MIHYW^]RWOM'%.ERWI'.,SPHIV%%8SFMR%&ERH
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A putative homologue of CDC20/CDH1 in the malaria parasite is
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PLOS Pathogens 8I
98. +YXXIV](74SYPMR&*IVKYWSR(.47^SSV&;MGOWXIEH&'EVVSPP40
6EQEOVMWLRER'&VEH](4EXÎ[MX^)17XVEWGLMP97SP]EOSZ0+VIIR.0
7MRHIR6)8SFMR%&,SPHIV%%ERH8I[EVM6
A unique protein phosphatase with kelch-like domains (PPKL) in
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PLOS Pathogens 8I
99. ,EWLEWL2.SLRWSR%0ERH'LE67
Topoisomerase II- and condensin-dependent breakage of MEC1ATRsensitive fragile sites occurs independently of spindle tension, anaphase,
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PLOS Genetics 8I
100. ,EYFIVX(0M.7EZIPMIZ%'EPÊWGME87YXXIV)1IX^PIV&/EMWIV(
8]FYPI[MG^:0.ERH;IGOFIGOIV+
Vav1 GEF activity is required for T cell mediated allograft rejection.
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101. ,IHKIXLSVRI/ERH;IFF16
Fluorescent SSB as a reagentless biosensor for single-stranded DNA.
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102. ,IRHIVWSR67EPM%&EOIV10'EVVEKLIV&(IZOSXE&(S[RMRK/,
)KIPQER),*IRK>*VERO.+VMKSVMIJJ2.MERK;0YHXOI7.1IHEPME3
4IRGÎO4%6SWIRXLEP4&6SWWQERR1+7GLQMH1*7GLV}HIV+*7XIZIR
%'7XSOIW(0;IWXFVSSO.(;VMKKIVW;=ERK,=SYRK.&IVQER,1
'LMY;/PI][IKX+.ERH0E[WSR'0
3YXGSQISJXLI½VWXIPIGXVSRQMGVSWGST]ZEPMHEXMSRXEWOJSVGIQIIXMRK
Structure 20
103. ,MRHPI]'%PM*1G(S[IPP+'LIRK/.SRIW%+YMPPIQSX*ERH4LMPTSXX
%
4SWXXVERWPEXMSREPQSHM½GEXMSRSJ2KRHMJJIVIRXMEPP]EJJIGXWXVERWGVMTXMSR
of distinct targets to regulate the balance between progenitor
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Development 139
104. ,SHWSR(.7GLEIJJIV16SQERS2*SRXEREYH40EJSRX'&MVOIRWXSGO
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8MWWMIV4ERH1SPPEVH4
Existence of long-lasting experience-dependent plasticity in endocrine
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Nature Communications 3:605
105. ,SPHIV%%1SLH6MH^YER1%ERH+VIIR.0
'EPGMYQHITIRHIRXTVSXIMROMREWIERHGEPGMYQ¾Y\IWMRXLIQEPEVME
parasite.
Microbes and Infection 14¯
106. ,SPPMRK[SVXL('ERHIP%12MGEWXVS+1EVXMR76&VMEXE4+LIV^M6ERH
6EQSW%
KH domains with impaired nucleic acid binding as a tool for functional
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107. ,SPQ0%GOPERH+0)H[EVHW16&VIGOIRVMHKI6%7MQ6&ERH3JJIV.
'LIQMGEPPEFIPPMRKSJEGXMZIWIVYQXLMSIWXIVTVSXIMRWJSVUYERXM½GEXMSR
Immunobiology 217
108. ,SYKLXSR.8S[RWIRH';MPPMEQW%66SHKIVW%6ERH0;EPOIV/&
&}XXKIV)'7TVMRKIV&ERH(EZMW)3
An important role for Mycobacterium tuberculosis UvrD1 in pathogenesis
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109. ,Y,:SWW.>LERK+&YGL]4>YS8;ERK0;ERK*>LSY*;ERK+
8WEM''EPHIV0+EQFPMR7.>LERK0(IYFIP:>LSY&7OILIP..ERH
>LSY4
A human antibody recognizing a conserved epitope of H5 hemagglutinin
FVSEHP]RIYXVEPMÎWLMKLP]TEXLSKIRMGEZMERMR¾YIRÊ,2ZMVYWIW
110. ,YRX(17[IIRI]241SVM0;LEPER6,'SQEW-2SVQER0'SVXIW8
%VRZMK/&(EZMW)37XETPIXSR16+VIIR.ERH&Y\XSR67
Long range transcriptional control of an operon necessary for virulencecritical ESX-1 secretion in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
111. ,YVX%''LSXTMXE]EWYRSRHL8'S\2.(ERMIPW6*V]%1+YFEVIZE0:
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8EWLMVS19]IOM81ERH>EQFSR1
%RXMZMVEPVIWMWXERGIHYVMRKXLIMR¾YIRÊ%,2TERHIQMGTYFPMG
health, laboratory, and clinical perspectives.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases 12
112. -UFEP1)WWIR7'<MES,&VSSOIW71&VS[R-,ERH1G'EYPI].;
Selection of variant viruses during replication and transmission of H7N1
viruses in chickens and turkeys.
Virology 433¯
123./PEWWIR/1EVXMRIEY%6;MPOMRWSR6.'SSOI+'SYVXRI]%4ERH,MGOWSR
1
The effect of tenofovir on vitamin D metabolism in HIV-infected adults
is dependent on sex and ethnicity.
PLOS ONE 7:e44845
113. -WEEGWSR;IGLWPIV);ERK56SFIVXW-4EKPMEVYPS).EGOWSR(
9RXIVWTIVKIV''SPIQER2+VMJ½R,ERH(SSVFEV.
Reconstruction of human papillomavirus type 16-mediated early-stage
neoplasia implicates E6/E7 deregulation and the loss of contact inhibition
in neoplastic progression.
124./PIMRNYRK.ERH*VEXIVREPM*
Urea-water solvation forces on prion structures.
Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 8
114. .EJOMRW%%FY(E]E%2SFPI%>MQQIVQER0&ERH+YMPPI1
Husbandry of Xenopus tropicalis.
115. .YRKQMGLIP7'PETTIVXSR.%0PS]H.,EVM*.7T]GLIV'4EZMG00M.,EMVI
0*&SREPPM10EVWIR(,0YOEW'0YOEW.1EGQMPPER(2MIPWIR107XYGOM
1ERH7QIVHSR7.
The molecular basis of ATM-dependent dimerization of the Mdc1 DNA
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116. /EPWHSVJ&7OSPMQS[WOE/,7GVMFE8.(E[WSR6(LIHE/;SSH/
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Relationship between chemokine receptor expression, chemokine levels
and HIV-1 replication in the lungs of persons exposed to Mycobacterium
tuberculosis.
European Journal of Immunology Epub ahead of print
117. /ETYWXMR%7XITERSZE:%RMSP2'MRIW(&4SPMEOSZ%=EVSZSM70IFIHIZE
8;EMX66]^LEOSZ+4EVJ]SRSZE=+YVWO]==EREKMWE[E,1MREWLOMR1
&IEFIEPEWLZMPPM6:SVSXRMOSZ%&SFMO%ERH8OEGLYO:
Fibulin-5 binds urokinase-type plasminogen activator and mediates
urokinase-stimulated `1-integrin-dependent cell migration.
Biochemical Journal 443
118. /EXWMQMXWSYPME>ERH8E]PSV;6
Coarse-grained simulation of myosin-V movement.
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
119. /LER71%PM6%WM2ERH1SPPS].)
Active actin gels.
Communicative & integrative biology 5
120. /MGLIZE%&SPPIRFEGL8;EVXPMGO3.YPMGLIV*ERH+SRÊPI^+EMXER1
Investigating the principles of morphogen gradient formation: from
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Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 22¯
121. /MGLIZE%'SLIR1ERH&VMWGSI.
Developmental pattern formation: insights from physics and biology.
Science 338
122. /MXEQYVE//MWLM-XEOYVE'8WYFSM87EXS7/MXE/3LXE2ERH1M^YWLMQE
2
Autophagy-related Atg8 localizes to the apicoplast of the human malaria
parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
PLOS ONE 7I
125./PIMRNYRK.7GSXX;64%PPMWSR.6ZER+YRWXIVIR;*ERH*VEXIVREPM*
Implicit solvation parameters derived from explicit water forces in largescale molecular dynamics simulations.
Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 8
126./PMQSZ%-+EVXIR66YWWIPP'&EVV-+&IWWIPEEV8+(ERMIPW6)RKIPLEVHX
3++VSLQERR+-XEQYVE7/IPWS%1G'EYPI].3HEKMVM87QMXL(
8EWLMVS1<Y<;IFF]6;ERK(=I>=YIPSRK7>LERK;ERH'S\2
WHO recommendations for the viruses to be used in the 2012
7SYXLIVR,IQMWTLIVI-R¾YIRÊ:EGGMRIITMHIQMSPSK]ERXMKIRMGERH
KIRIXMGGLEVEGXIVMWXMGWSJMR¾YIRÊ%,2THQ%,2ERH&
MR¾YIRÊZMVYWIWGSPPIGXIHJVSQ*IFVYEV]XS7ITXIQFIV
Vaccine 30
127./WMSRHE37EZIPMIZ%/SGLP66ETPI].*EVSYHM17QMXL+EVZMR.)
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Mechanism and function of Vav1 localization in TCR signaling.
Journal of Cell Science 125
128.0EPPIQERH40IFER2/YRÎPQERR7'LEPSMR07IVTIVWY),;IFF16
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Transient kinetics of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase(3v)-IIIa reveals a
potential drug target in the antibiotic resistance mechanism.
FEBS Letters 586¯
129.0EWSRHIV)+VIIR.0'EQEVHE+8EPEFERM,,SPHIV%%0ERKWPI]+ERH
%PERS4
The Plasmodium falciparum schizont phospho-proteome reveals
extensive phosphatidylinositol and cAMP-Protein Kinase A signalling.
Journal of Proteome Research 11¯
130.0E[XSR.&VYKEX8=EQ<=6IMH%&SILQI93XXS84EMR%.EGOWSR%
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Characterization and gene expression analysis of the cir multi-gene
family of Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi (AS).
BMC Genomics 13
131.0I(VqEY++EVGME'EQTQER]06EFEHjR1%*IVVSRLE88SÎV7
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Canonical BMP7 activity is required for the generation of discrete
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Development 139
132.0I8MWWMIV46,SHWSR(.0EJSRX'*SRXEREYH47GLEIJJIV1ERH1SPPEVH
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Anterior pituitary cell networks.
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 33
133.0II&6M^^SXM//[SR(7/MQ7=3L7)TWXIMR(.7SR==SSR.&EIO/
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Direct transcriptional regulation of Six6 is controlled by SoxB1 binding
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134. 0II/8ER.1SVVMW1&6M^^SXM/,YKLIW.'LIEL47*IPUYIV*0MY<4MPX^
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PLOS ONE 7I
144. 0S[I(1&ERKERM21ILXE160ERK(16SWWM%+;MPOMRWSR/%
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A novel assay of antimycobacterial activity and phagocytosis by human
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Tuberculosis Epub ahead of print
135. 0IWGVSEVX*1SLYR81IMPLEG71&IRRIXX1ERH&YGOMRKLEQ1
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Circulation Research 111
145. 0S[I(16IHJSVH47;MPOMRWSR6.3´+EVVE%ERH1EVXMRIEY%6
Neutrophils in tuberculosis: friend or foe?
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136. 0M(6SQEMR+*PEQEV%0(YPYG((YPPEIVW10M<,>YVE[WOM7
&SWUYIX24EPYGOE%/0I+VERH63´+EVVE%>YVE[WOM+&ERGLIVIEY.
ERH3L7
Targeting self- and foreign antigens to dendritic cells via DC-ASGPR
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137. 0M,'SPPEHS1:MPPEWERXI%1EXLIY%0]RGL'.'EREQIVS16M^^SXM/
'EVRIMVS'1EVXMRI^+:MHEP%0SZIPP&EHKI6ERH7IVVERS1
p27Kip1 directly represses Sox2 during embryonic stem cell
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Cell Stem Cell 11
138. 0M50M20I8MWWMIV4+VEXXER(6ERH/IVQER/
Miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor for label-free detection of
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Electroanalysis 24
139. 0MFIVPIW(%8IMGLQERR7%&ELEV-&EWXSPPE9&PSSQ.&SVRFIVK&EYIV)
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The interface of protein structure, protein biophysics, and molecular
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Protein Science 21
140. 0MR(',+YS50YS.>LERK.2KY]IR/'LIR18VER8(VERW½IPH
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141. 0MR=4<MSRK<;LEVXSR7%1EVXMR76'SSQFW4.:EGLMIVM7+
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hemagglutinin.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109¯
142. 0SIFFIVQERR.7GLRSIPPIV'8LSVRXSR,(YVERX07[IIRI]247GLYMNW
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IL-10 regulates viral lung immunopathology during acute respiratory
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146. 0YHFVSSO01&IVREVH4&EKLIVM*EQ76]ER.7IOMHS6;MPLIPQ(
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147. 0]GIXX7.&EMPPMI+'SYPXIV)&LEXX7/IPPEQ41G'EYPI].;;SSH.02
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Deep ancestry of mammalian X chromosome revealed by comparison
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149. 1EKPIRRSR+%ERH(SSVFEV.
The biology of papillomavirus latency.
Open Virology Journal 6
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Functional assignment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteome revealed
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Analysis of the interaction with the hepatitis C virus mRNA reveals an
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152. 1EVX]RSKE&(VIGLWIP(ERH+YMPPIQSX*
Molecular control of neurogenesis: a view from the mammalian
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Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 4:a008359
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IL-22 protects against liver pathology and lethality of an experimental
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1YREMR%&VMWGSI.7IVVERS1ERH0SZIPP&EHKI6
Oncogenicity of the developmental transcription factor Sox9.
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155. 1G)ZS]'6)'PSIXI61PPIV&7GLVGL%'ZER,IPHIR4(+EKRIY\7
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157. 1IPM%'EVXIV81G'SVQEGO%,ERREL1.ERH6SWI10
Antibody alone is not a stimulator of exocytosis of Weibel-Palade
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158. 1IRSR647SSRK(HI'LMEVE',SPX16%RMPOYQEV2ERH4EWXSVI%
The importance of serine 776 in Ataxin-1 partner selection: A FRET
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159. 1IXÊOSTMER)0MR;7EPQSR(MZSR1(ZMRKI,%RHIVWWSR))VMGWSR.
4IVPQERR8;LMXWIXX.%&IVXSRI4ERH%RK70
Genome-wide characterization of Foxa2 targets reveals upregulation
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160. 1MGLIP104ERK(.,EUYI7*=4SXSGRMO%.4IRRMRKXSR(.ERH,E]HE]
%'
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America 109
161. 1MRKYMPPSR'2MWLMQSXS7;SSH7:IRHVIPP)+MFWSR&VS[R..ERH
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Hox genes regulate the onset of Tbx5 expression in the forelimb.
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Generation of volume data by episcopic three-dimensional imaging of
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Embedding embryos for high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM).
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A tridimensional view of pituitary development and function.
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167. 1SSH]47QMXL1)&6]ER'4'LYHEWEQE:&EOIV.61SPPS].ERH
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168. 1SSR6;,EPP.6ERKOYXM*,S=7%PQSRH21MXGLIPP+,4EMR%
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Adaptation of the genetically tractable malaria pathogen Plasmodium
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170. 2IEV]181SLYR8.ERH&VIGOIRVMHKI6%
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171. 2IREWLIZE8%'EVXIV8ERH1EWLERSZ+-
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Large multimeric assemblies of nucleosome assembly protein and
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174. 2MERK12(SWWIL%2HME]I/7EKRE1+VIKSV]:+SYHMEF](,E]%
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Noncanonical G recognition mediates KSRP regulation of let-7
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Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 19¯
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New caged neurotransmitter analogs selective for glutamate
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A large scale screen for neural stem cell markers in Xenopus retina.
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189. 4EWXSVI%
Physics and biology of neurodegenerative diseases.
190. 4EWXSVI%ERH8IQYWWM4
Protein aggregation and misfolding: good or evil?
191. 4EWXSVI%ERH8IQYWWM4%
The two faces of Janus: functional interactions and protein aggregation.
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192. 4EXIP%,EVOIV21SVIMVE7ERXSW0*IVVIMVE1%PHIR/8MQQMW.*SWXIV
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Differential RET signaling pathways drive development of the enteric
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Data management challenges in three-dimensional EM.
194. 4EYPW77QMXL7*ERH)PKEV+
Lens development depends on a pair of highly conserved Sox21
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Structural basis for increased toxicity of pathological A`42:A`40 ratios
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196. 4IEVWSR'7MPZE%ERH7IHHSR&
Exogenous amino acids are essential for interleukin-7 induced CD8 T
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Biochemistry 51¯
198. 4ITTIV(.1EVEMW7&LEMNII*;MPOMRWSR6.(I%ÎZIHS:ERH1IMRXNIW
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Assessment at antiretroviral clinics during TB treatment reduces loss to
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199. 4MGSRI(ERH8IQYWWM4%
Dissimilar sweet proteins from plants: oddities or normal components?
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Vaccination against tuberculosis: how can we better BCG?
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3´+EVVE%
Blockade of IL-10 signaling during bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination
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202. 4SPPSGO((8LMPXKIR+ERH+SPHWXIMR6%
Amino acid coevolution induces an evolutionary Stokes shift.
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203. 4SPWLEOSZ:-)PMWIIZ&(&MVHWEPP&ERH*VSPSZE0=
Structure and dynamics in solution of the stop codon decoding
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Protein Science 21
204. 4SVXIZMR(:ME0))YQ7ERH=SYRK(
Natural killer cell are recruited during pulmonary tuberculosis and
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Cellular Microbiology 14
205. 5YMRX;.IROMRW(1SPMNR%7XVYMNO0ZERHI7ERHX1(SSVFEV.1SPW.
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One virus one lesion - individual components of CIN lesions contain a
WTIGM½G,4:X]TI
Journal of Pathology 227
206. 6EFEHjR1%'E]YWS.0I(VqEY+'VY^'&EV^M14SRW7&VMWGSI.ERH
1EVXu)
Jagged2 controls the generation of motor neuron and oligodendrocyte
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No discriminatory value of interferon release added to smear negative
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Interferon release does not add discriminatory value to smear-negative
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European Respiratory Journal 39
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Predictive value of interferon-arelease assays for incident active
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Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the diagnostic accuracy of symptom
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6I]IW(0EKPIV,-RHVE%+VERMRKIV;;MROPIV7/VMWLRE7ERH
6EQLEVXIV1
Rapid diagnostic algorithms as a screening tool for tuberculosis: an
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PLOS ONE 7:e49658
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Solution model of the intrinsically disordered polyglutamine tractbinding protein-1.
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Subcellular location, phosphorylation and assembly into the motor
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214. 6MWGS%HIP*VIWRS'1EQFSP%%PWMRE&IEYGLEQT(1EG/IR^MI/*
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'YIRHE%
p38aand p38bkinases regulate the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-induced
cytokine production by controlling ERK1/2 protein kinase pathway
activation.
America 109
215. 6SFIVXWSR&(%PXQERR(&EVV]'&MWLEM&'SPI7(MGO8(YRGER/
(]I')LVX7)WQEMP,*P]RR.,EJRIV6,ERHPI]+,ERIOSQ;ZER
,IPHIR4/ETPER+/EYJQERR7,)/MQ40MIRLEVHX'1M^VELM:6YFMR
)7GLRETTMRKIV(7LIVQER(8LSPI.:ERHEP3;EP^P+;EVRIV(
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Detection and treatment of subclinical tuberculosis.
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216. 6SKIX/&IR%HHM%1EQFSPI(IQE%+ERXOI8=ERK,8.ERÎR.
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IKK2 regulates TPL-2 activation of ERK-1/2 MAP kinases by direct
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217. 6SQERS(&VERHQIMIV&MVKMX(7YR=&8VIRXLEQ(6ERH-VZMRK1
Orientation of the N-terminal lobe of the myosin regulatory light chain
MRWOIPIXEPQYWGPI½FIVW
Biophysical Journal 102
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;MXLIVW1EVXMRI^'ERH&PEGOQER1.
Proteolytic activation of the essential parasitophorous vacuole cysteine
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219. 7EHS[WOM1-
Prediction of protein domain boundaries from inverse covariances.
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Evolutionary inaccuracy of pairwise structural alignments.
Bioinformatics 28
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221. 7EIR^6%)WWIR7'&VSSOIW71-UFEP1;SSH.02+VIRJIPP&8
1G'EYPI].;&VS[R-,ERH+SK.6
Quantifying transmission of highly pathogenic and low pathogenicity
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PLOS ONE 7:e45059
233. 7GLYX^'-WQEMP>4VS\IRSW'.1EVEMW7&YVXSR6/IR]SR'1EEVXIRW
+;MPOMRWSR6.ERH1IMRXNIW+
Burden of antituberculosis and antiretroviral drug-induced liver injury
at a secondary hospital in South Africa.
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222. 7ELEF>7YHEVWLER760MY<>LERK=/MVMP]YO%/EQSRNSL'17MQMG:
(EM=&]IVW7;(SSVFEV.7YTV]RS[MG^*%ERH7GLPIKIP6
Quantitative measurement of human papillomavirus type 16 E5
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234. 7IMFX.%VQERX30I(MKEVGLIV%'EWXVS(6EQIWL:.SYVRSX0
+YMPPIQSX*:ERHIVLEIKLIR4ERH&SYWGLIX8
Expression at the imprinted Dlk1-Gtl2 locus is regulated by proneural
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PLOS ONE 7I
223. 7EPEQEX/1SYHNSY1'LETYMW.,IV^SK0.EYQEMR)&qVMRKYI:6IÊIM
,4EWXSVI%0EYHI,ERH(VSR1
Integrity of helix 2-helix 3 domain of the PrP protein is not mandatory
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235. 7LITTEVH34PEXXRIV*6YFMR%7PIRHIV%0MRILER.1&VERHRIV7
8]FYPI[MG^:0.*MWLIV)1'ERH;MWIQER*/
Altered regulation of tau phosphorylation in a mouse model of down
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224. 7ERHLY+&EXXEKPME*)P]&/%XLEREWEOMW(1SRXS]E6:EPIRGME8+MPQER
6,)ZERW'%*VMIHPERH.7*IVRERHI^6I]IW(ERH%KVERSJJ((
Discriminating active from latent tuberculosis in patients presenting to
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236. 7LITTEVH3;MWIQER*/6YTEVIPME%8]FYPI[MG^:0.ERH*MWLIV)1'
Mouse models of aneuploidy.
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225. 7ERIGOE%ERH*VMGOIP)1
Use and abuse of dendritic cells by Toxoplasma gondii.
Virulence 3
226. 7ERJIPMGI(%HVSZIV11EVXSVIPP+4EWXSVI%ERH8IQYWWM4%
Crowding versus molecular seeding: NMR studies of protein
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227. 7EVOEV60IRHIVW0;MPOMRWSR/%;MPOMRWSR6.ERH2MGSP14
Modern lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosisI\LMFMXPMRIEKIWTIGM½G
patterns of growth and cytokine induction in human monocyte-derived
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PLOS ONE 7I
228. 7EWEM2ERH&VMWGSI.
Primary cilia and graded Sonic Hedgehog signaling.
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology 1¯
156
237. 7MQISRM-+MPGLVMWX1.+EVVIXX2%VQMWIR.ERH+YVHSR.&
Widespread transcription in an amphibian oocyte relates to its
reprogramming activity on transplanted somatic nuclei.
Stem cells and development 21
238. 7MQSRIXXE*+IWXIVQERR21EVXMRIX/>&SRMSXXS18MWWMIVIW47IHHSR
&ERH&SYVKISMW'
-RXIVPIYOMRMR¾YIRGIW*3<4'(VIKYPEXSV]8GIPPWTIVMTLIVEP
homeostasis.
PLOS ONE 7:e36596
239. 7MÊVSZ%0EQIVW;,1SLYR8.&VS[R2%%RHIVWSR6,ERH
1SSVQER%*1
Three-dimensional and molecular analysis of the arterial pole of the
developing human heart.
Journal of Anatomy 220
229. 7EWWIPPM:4EGLRMW:ERH&YVRW%.
The enteric nervous system.
240. 7OSPMQS[WOE/,6ERKEOE1<1IMRXNIW+4ITTIV(.7IPHSR61EXXLI[W
/;MPOMRWSR6.ERH;MPOMRWSR/%
Altered ratio of IFN-a/IL-10 in patients with drug resistant
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV- tuberculosis Immune
6IGSRWXMXYXMSR-R¾EQQEXSV]7]RHVSQI
PLOS ONE 7:e46481
230. 7GLEET-%8)KLMEMER*HIW+ISVKIW%ERH:IMKIP'
)JJIGXSJIRZIPSTITVSXIMRWSRXLIQIGLERMGEPTVSTIVXMIWSJMR¾YIRÊ
virus.
241. 7QMXL0.7XETPIXSR16&Y\XSR67ERH+VIIR.
Structure-function relationships of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis
transcription factor WhiB1.
PLOS ONE 7I
231. 7GLEIJIV%8ERH1EVKVMI8;
Psychophysical properties of odor processing can be quantitatively
described by relative action potential latency patterns in mitral and
tufted cells.
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience 6:0030
242. 7QSPPIXX/07QMXL/1/ELVEQERSKPSY'%VRZMK/&&Y\XSR67ERH
(EZMW)3
Global analysis of the regulon of the transcriptional repressor LexA, a
key component of the SOS response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
232. 7GLYWXIV18VIMXWGLOI7/MPEVY71SPPS].,EVQIV2.ERH7XIMRFIVK+
Myosin-5, kinesin-1 and myosin-17 cooperate in secretion of fungal
chitin synthase.
EMBO Journal 31
243. 7RIPKVSZI6.'SVRIVI11)H[EVHW0(EKK&/IIFPI.6SHKIVW%
0]SRKE()7XI[EVX+6=SYRK(&;EPOIV&ERH,YWWIPP8
OX40 ligand fusion protein delivered simultaneously with the BCG
vaccine provides superior protection against murine Mycobacterium
tuberculosis infection.
244. 7SPIV2'VEIWGY'8+EPPE].*VETEVX=11ERWY](6E]REP&&EPHEGGM+
4EWXSVI%,YERK1)ERH:IVRMW0
A S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase-like domain within the
essential, Fe-S containing yeast protein Dre2.
FEBS Journal 279
245. 7TIRGI4..EVVE;0IZ]42ELVIRHSVJ;ERH0ERKLSVRI.
Mosquito transmission of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium
chabaudi.
Malaria Journal 11
246. 7TIRGI4.ERH0ERKLSVRI.
T cell control of malaria pathogenesis.
Current Opinion in Immunology 24
247. 7TIVPMRK83PHEO1;EPGL6YGOLIMQ&;MGOIRLEYWIV'(SSVFEV.
4½WXIV,1EPING^]O11ENI[WOM7/IEXIW%'ERH7QSPE7
Human papillomavirus type 8 interferes with a novel C/EBP`-mediated
mechanism of keratinocyte CCL20 chemokine expression and
langerhans cell migration.
PLOS Pathogens 8I
248. 7TSREEW%1&IP]EIZ2*EPGO,ERWIR14SXSGRMO%ERH0ERKLSVRI.
8VERWMIRXHI½GMIRG]SJHIRHVMXMGGIPPWVIWYPXWMRPEGOSJE1IVS^SMXI
7YVJEGI4VSXIMRWTIGM½G'(8GIPPVIWTSRWIHYVMRKTIEOPlasmodium
chabaudi blood-stage infection.
249. 7XETPIXSR167QMXL0.,YRX(1&Y\XSR67ERH+VIIR.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis WhiB1 represses transcription of the
essential chaperonin GroEL2.
Tuberculosis 92
250. 7XIMRLEYWIV10&EMPI]%47IR]S7)+YMPPIVQMIV'4IVPWXIMR87+SYPH%4
0II68ERH0IGLIRI'4
1YPXMMWSXSTIMQEKMRKQEWWWTIGXVSQIXV]UYERXM½IWWXIQGIPPHMZMWMSR
and metabolism.
Nature 481
251. 7XMIKPMX^&,EMVI0*(MOMG-ERH6MXXMRKIV/
Structural analysis of SHARPIN, a subunit of a large multi-protein E3
ubiquitin ligase, reveals a novel dimerization function for the pleckstrin
homology superfold.
256. 7YPPMZER//PSIWW.5MER'&IPP(,E]%0MR=4ERH+Y=
,MKLXLVSYKLTYXZMVYWTPEUYIUYERXMXEXMSRYWMRKE¾EXFIHWGERRIV
Journal of Virological Methods 179
257. 7YR=&EO&7GLSIRQEOIVW2ZER8VSXWIRFYVK%743SWXHMNO;:SWLSP
4'EQFVMHKI);LMXI./PI8MWWMIV4+LEVEZ]7211EVXMRI^&EVFIVE.4
7XSOZMW&VERXWQE;,:YPWQE8/IQTIVW1.4IVWERM0'EQTM-&SRSQM
1&IGO4IGGS^4>LY,(EZMW81),SOOIR/SIPIKE%'7(IP&PERGS
(+6ERKEWEQM..6YMZIROEQT'%00EVSW.*./VMIO1/ERX7+&SWGL
'%.&MIVQEW^26%TTIPQER(MNOWXVE21'SVWWQMX)4,SZIRW+'.
4IVIMVE%1(YRRIR.8H;EHI1+&VIYRMRK1,,IRRIOEQ6'
'LEXXIVNII/(EXXERM18;MX.1ERH&IVREVH(.
Loss-of-function mutations in IGSF1 cause an X-linked syndrome of
central hypothyroidism and testicular enlargement.
Nature Genetics 44¯
258. 8EQYVM%9HSW6IMW1ERH+SPHWXIMR6%
Using site-wise mutation-selection models to estimate the distribution
SJWIPIGXMSRGSIJ½GMIRXWJVSQTL]PSKIRIXMGHEXE
Genetics 90
259. 8EQYVM%9HSW6IMW1ERH+SPHWXIMR6%
)WXMQEXMRKXLIHMWXVMFYXMSRSJWIPIGXMSRGSIJ½GMIRXWJVSQTL]PSKIRIXMG
data using sitewise mutation-selection models.
Genetics 190
260. 8ER'0+YREVEXRI.0EM('EVXLEKIRE0;ERK5<YI=>5YIO07
(SSVFEV.&EGLIPIVMI*8LMIVV]*ERH&IPPERKIV7
HPV-18 E2Ê4 chimera: 2 new spliced transcripts and proteins induced
by keratinocyte differentiation.
Virology 429
261. 8EXXIVQYWGL77OMRRIV.%'LEYWWEFIP(&ERGLIVIEY.&IVV]141G2EF
*;3´+EVVE%8E]PSV+4ERH&ERKLEQ'61
7]WXIQWFMSPSK]ETTVSEGLIWVIZIEPEWTIGM½GMRXIVJIVSRMRHYGMFPI
signature in HTLV-1 associated myelopathy.
PLOS Pathogens 8I
262. 8E]PSV;6.SRIW(8ERH7EHS[WOM1-
Protein topology from predicted residue contacts.
Protein Science 21
263. 8E]PSV;61SVPI]6/VEWEZMR%+VIKSV]0;MPOMRWSR(+ERH4SPMEOSZ
%
A mechanical model of cell segregation driven by differential adhesion.
PLOS ONE 7I
252. 7XMIKPMX^&1SVVMW(EZMIW%'/SPMSTSYPSW1+'LVMWXSHSYPSY)ERH
6MXXMRKIV/
LUBAC synthesizes linear ubiquitin chains via a thioester intermediate.
EMBO Reports 13
264. 8IQYWWM4%
The good taste of peptides.
Journal of Peptide Science 18
253. 7XMIKPMX^&6MXXMRKIV/ERH,EMVI0*
Crystallization of SHARPIN using an automated two-dimensional grid
screen for optimization.
Acta Crystallographica Section F 68
265. 8IQYWWM4%ERH/[ERK;.
New insights into the characteristics of sweet and bitter taste
receptors.
International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology 291
254. 7XS]I.4
Studies of endogenous retroviruses reveal a continuing evolutionary
saga.
Nature Reviews Microbiology 10
266. 8IVVMIRXI.+IVIX]77;EXEREFI%WEOE8+SRÊPI^5YIZIHS6ERH
;MPOMRWSR(+
Signalling from hindbrain boundaries regulates neuronal clustering that
patterns neurogenesis.
Development 139
255. 7XYGOM(1EPPE&,SWXIXXPIV7,YRE8*IPHQERR.=IFSEL1ERY(&SVVIPP
7*IRRIV0'SQEW-'SWGSPPk1ERH+EKRIY\7
Two new rapid SNP-typing methods for classifying Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex into the main phylogenetic lineages.
PLOS ONE 7I
267. 8LMPXKIR+ERH+SPHWXIMR6%
Assessing predictors of changes in protein stability upon mutation using
self-consistency.
PLOS ONE 7:e46084
157
268. 8LSQTWSR'-0EGOIRF]%(ERMIPW671G'EYPI].;4IVI]EWPSZ(
&VSFIVK)/1IMNIV%ERH>EQFSR1'
)ZEPYEXMSRSJMR¾YIRÊZMVYWERXMZMVEPWYWGITXMFMPMX]XIWXMRKMR)YVSTI
6IWYPXWJVSQXLI½VWXI\XIVREPUYEPMX]EWWIWWQIRXI\IVGMWI
Journal of Clinical Virology 56¯
269. 8LSVTI4,(MXXQEV.'ERH6SXLWXIMR6
ScreenTroll: a searchable database to compare genome-wide yeast
screens.
Database 2012FEW
270. 8LSVTI4,ERH6SXLWXIMR6
Visualizing global effects of the DNA damage response.
Nature Cell Biology 14
271. 8MQSJIIZ/.SP];,EHNMIGSRSQSY(ERH7EPIGOIV-
0SGEPMÎHRIXVMRWEGXEWTSWMXMSREPGYIWXSGSRXVSPPE]IVWTIGM½G
targeting of photoreceptor axons in Drosophila.
Neuron 75
272. 8SQMREKE1/SNMQE,=SOSXE)2EOEQSVM6%RWSR17LMQQIR8ERH
3M[E/
The calcium-induced mechanical change in the neck domain alters the
activity of plant myosin XI.
273. 8SWIPERH'44S[IPP&ERH;IFF16
ATPase cycle and DNA unwinding kinetics of RecG helicase.
PLOS ONE 7I
274. 8VIRX7'EWWERS8&IHWI+3NEVMOVI3%,YQF]8ERH(EZMIW;
Altered serotonergic function may partially account for behavioral
IRHSTLIRSX]TIWMRWXIVSMHWYPJEXEWIHI½GMIRXQMGI
Neuropsychopharmacology 37
275. 8VIRX7(IRRIL]%6MGLEVHWSR,3NEVMOVI3%&YVKS]RI47,YQF]8
ERH(EZMIW;
7XIVSMHWYPJEXEWIHI½GMIRXQMGII\LMFMXIRHSTLIRSX]TIWVIPIZERXXS
%XXIRXMSR(I½GMX,]TIVEGXMZMX](MWSVHIV
Psychoneuroendocrinology 37
276. 8YSQIPE77EPS:8VMTEXLM7/'LIR>0EYVMPE/+YTXE&cMN}83MOEVM0
7XSGOMRKIV&0mLHIWQmOM,ERH0ELIWQEE6
-HIRXM½GEXMSRSJIEVP]KIRII\TVIWWMSRGLERKIWHYVMRKLYQER8LGIPP
differentiation.
Blood 119II
277. 8YVXSR.7XVSQ10ERKLEQ7(EXXERM1ERH0I8MWWMIV4
Two novel mutations in the POU1F1 gene generate null alleles through
different mechanisms leading to Combined Pituitary Hormone
(I½GMIRG]
Clinical Endocrinology 76:
278. 9VV]>'LEQFIVW)7<]WXVEOMW)(MQIPSI76MGLEVHW(*+EFV]äSZj
0'LVMWXIRWIR.+YTXE%7EKPERM7&YWL%3´+EVVE%&VS[R>ERH
,E[V]PS[MG^'1
The role of 1_,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and cytokines in the promotion
of distinct Foxp3+and IL-10+ CD4+T cells.
European Journal of Immunology 42
279. ZERHIR&SSQ.,IMHIV(1EVXMR764EWXSVI%ERH1YIPPIV.;
3’-Phospho-adenosine-5’-phosphosulphate (PAPS) synthases - naturally
JVEKMPIIR^]QIWWTIGM½GEPP]WXEFMPMWIHF]RYGPISXMHIFMRHMRK
158
280. ZERHIV:VMIW)'SPPMRW4.:EGLMIVM7+<MSRK<0MY.;EPOIV4%,EMVI0*
,E]%.7GLYXXIR13WXIVLEYW%(1)1EVXMR76&SYGLIV'%&7OILIP..
ERH+EQFPMR7.
,2TERHIQMGMR¾YIRÊZMVYWVIWMWXERGISJXLI-6
neuraminidase mutant explained by kinetic and structural analysis.
PLOS Pathogens 8I
281. :qPI^*SVX1ERH1EVKVMI8;
Cortical circuits: layer 6 is a gain changer.
Current Biology 2266
282. :IVRIX21ELEHIZEMEL7/)PPMW4.HI6SSMN(+ERH&YVKS]RI47
Spermatid development in XO male mice with varying Y chromosome
short arm gene content: evidence for a Y gene controlling the initiation
of sperm morphogenesis.
Reproduction 144
283. :MHEOM18MZSHEV7(SYPKIVEOM/8]FYPI[MG^:/IWWEVMW24EGLRMW:ERH
/EVEKSKISW(
Rac1-dependent cell cycle exit of MGE precursors and GABAergic
interneuron migration to the cortex.
Cerebral Cortex 22
284. :MRGIRX,%,IRHIVWSR'%6EKER8.+EVÊ+EVGME%'EV]4(+S[IVW
(11EPJSMW1(VMWGSPP4'7SFSXX*ERH'EPPEKLER%.
Characterization of Vibrio cholerae Hfq provides novel insights into the
role of the Hfq C-terminal region.
285. :MRGIRX.4ERH1EKII8
Tiki casts a spell on Wnt.
Cell 149
286. :MVKS2*IVRERHS'&MKKI&ERH,YWFERHW4
Evolvable physical self-replicators.
%VXM½GMEP0MJI 18
287. :MWS*&LEXXEGLEV]E(/SRK=+MPGLVMWX1.ERH/LSOLE1/
Exon capture and bulk segregant analysis: rapid discovery of causative
mutations using high-throughput sequencing.
BMC Genomics 13:649
288. :SVHIVQIMIV,1,I[MRWSR6+;MPOMRWSR6.;MPOMRWSR/%+MHISR
,4=SYRK(&ERH7EQTWSR70
Conserved immune recognition hierarchy of mycobacterial PE/PPE
proteins during infection in natural hosts.
PLOS ONE 7:e40890
289. ;EPOIV2*'PEVO733RM8%RHVIY28IÎVE07MRKL77EVEMZE0
4IHIVWIR&/IPP](08VII.%(´%VQMIRXS.11IMRXNIW+1EYVM*%
;MPPMEQW%;MPOMRWSR6.*VMIHPERH.7ERH)POMRKXSR48
Doxycycline and HIV infection suppress tuberculosis-induced matrix
metalloproteinases.
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 185
290. ;EWMPI[WOM7'EPHIV0.+VERX8ERH6SWIRXLEP4&
(MWXVMFYXMSRSJWYVJEGIKP]GSTVSXIMRWSRMR¾YIRÊ%ZMVYWHIXIVQMRIH
by electron cryotomography.
Vaccine
291. ;EWMPI[WOM7/EVIPMRE(&IVVMQER.%ERH6SWIRXLEP4&
%YXSQEXMGQEKRM½GEXMSRHIXIVQMREXMSRSJIPIGXVSRGV]SQMGVSWGST]
images using apoferritin as a standard.
Journal of Structural Biology 180
292. ;IMRIV&+SQI^.:MGXSV8';EVVIR617PSYXWO]%4PMOE]XMW&&4SWI]
.)ZER,IPHIR4(+I]ZER4MXXMYW2'/SILVWIR17MWO47XSPXI';LMXI
.+EKRIY\7&MVVIR&,YRK(1YVVE]1ERH+EPEKER.
Independent large scale duplications in multiple M. tuberculosis lineages
overlapping the same genomic region.
PLOS ONE 7I
293. ;MKLX(.&SYGLIVMX:'2EHIV1%PPIR(.8E]PSV-%ERH&MWLST/2
The gammaretroviral p12 protein has multiple domains that function
during the early stages of replication.
Retrovirology 9:0083
294. ;MPLIPQ'8YVRIV.):ER7RMGO.ERH7XSGOMRKIV&
The many lives of IL-9: a question of survival?
295. ;MPOMRWSR/%1IMRXNIW+7IPHSR6+SPMEXL6ERH;MPOMRWSR6.
Immunological characterisation of an unmasking TB-IRIS case.
South African Medical Journal 102
296. ;MPOMRWSR/%8SVSO1)7GL[ERHIV7ERH1IMRXNIW+
HIV-associated tuberculosis 2012.
Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2012:950964
297. ;MPOMRWSR6.
Human genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis: time for a bottom-up
approach?
304. =SYRK+6)OWQSRH97EPGIHS6%PI\STSYPSY07XS]I.4ERH/EWWMSXMW
+
6IWYVVIGXMSRSJIRHSKIRSYWVIXVSZMVYWIWMRERXMFSH]HI½GMIRXQMGI
Nature 491¯
305. =SYRK+6/EWWMSXMW+ERH7XS]I.4
Emv2, the only endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia virus of
C57BL/6J mice.
Retrovirology 9
306. =SYRK+64PSUYMR1.)OWQSRH9;EH[E17XS]I.4ERH/EWWMSXMW+
Negative selection by an endogenous retrovirus promotes a higheravidity CD4+ T cell response to retroviral infection.
PLOS Pathogens 8I
307. =Y>&VERRMKER.%1SWW(/&V^S^S[WOM%1;MPOMRWSR%.,SPHIV%%
8EXI);ERH0IEXLIVFEVVS[6.
Design and synthesis of inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum
N-myristoyltransferase, a promising target for anti-malarial drug
discovery.
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 55¯
308. >LES0>IZEPPSW7)6M^^SXM/.ISRK=0SZIPP&EHKI6ERH)TWXIMR(.
Disruption of SoxB1-dependent Sonic hedgehog expression in the
hypothalamus causes septo-optic dysplasia.
298. ;MXLIVW1EVXMRI^'7YEVI^'*YPPI7/LIV74IR^S1)FINIV.4/SYWWMW
/,EGOIXX*.MVKIRWSRW%*MRR4ERH&PEGOQER1.
Plasmodium subtilisin-like protease 1 (SUB1): insights into the active-site
WXVYGXYVIWTIGM½GMX]ERHJYRGXMSRSJETERQEPEVMEHVYKXEVKIX
International Journal for Parasitology 42
299. ;SNXEW^0'PSYXMIV.1&EYQERR1(ERMIP/:EVKE.*Y.%REWXEWWMEHMW/
7XI[EVX%*6IQqR]M%8YVRIV.1%ERH8zXL%
Meiotic DNA double-strand breaks and chromosome asynapsis in mice
are monitored by distinct HORMAD2-independent and -dependent
mechanisms.
300. ;Y57SRK63VXSKIVS2>LIRK,)ZERSJJ67QEPP'0+VMW[SPH1(
2EQIOE[E7,6S]S,8YVRIV.1ERH=ER;
The RNase III enzyme DROSHA is essential for microRNA production
and spermatogenesis.
301. =ERK,84ETSYXWSTSYPSY7&IPMGL1&VIRHIV'.ERÎR.+ERXOI8
,ERHPI]1ERH0I]7'
Coordinate regulation of TPL-2 and NF-gB signaling in macrophages by
NF-gB1 p105.
302. =EXE/0PS]H.1EWPIR7&PIY]EVH.=7OILIP17QIVHSR7.ERH)WEWLM*
Plk1 and CK2 act in concert to regulate Rad51 during DNA double
strand break repair.
Molecular Cell 45
303. =SYRK(ERH:IVVIGO*%;
Creativity in tuberculosis research and discovery.
Tuberculosis 9277
159
NIMROD
NIMRODMWXLI2-16WSGMEPGPYF 1IQFIVWLMTMWSTIRXSEPP
WXEJJJSVEZIV]WQEPPERRYEPWYFWGVMTXMSR%RYQFIVSJJYRGXMSRW
EVISVKERMWIHXLVSYKLSYXXLI]IEVMRGPYHMRKUYM^RMKLXWPMZIQYWMG
FEVFIGYIWGIMPMHLWERHHMWGSW8LI2-163(FEVMWSTIR1SRHE]
XS*VMHE]IZIRMRKWERHTVSZMHIWEVIPE\IHEXQSWTLIVIMR[LMGL
XSQIIXGSPPIEKYIW
8LIGPYFEPWSSVKERMWIWE[MHIVERKISJWTSVXMRKEGXMZMXMIWERH
XSYVREQIRXW 8LIWI MRGPYHI JSSXFEPP ZSPPI]FEPP XIRRMW RIXFEPP
VYRRMRKWRSSOIVTSSPXEFPIJSSXFEPPXEFPIXIRRMWERHHEVXW
-R EHHMXMSR E RYQFIV SJ WQEPPIV GPYFW I\MWX [MXLMR 2-163(
MRGPYHMRK

,MPP[EPOMRKVIKYPEVI\GYVWMSRWMRXLI9/ERHEFVSEH

1EKE^MRIGPYFEPPS[WWLEVMRKSJGPYFTYVGLEWIHQEKE^MRIW

(VEQE2-1(VEQVIKYPEVP]WXEKIWTIVJSVQERGIW

+EVHIRMRKI\GLERKMRKORS[PIHKIERHLSWXMRKERERRYEP
WYQQIVWEPI
&SSOGPYF¯VSYKLP]QSRXLP]QIIXMRKW

160
161
6
Research themes index
Biochemistry
0YM^4IHVSHI'EVZEPLS
)ZE*VMGOIP
.YWXMR1SPPS]
John Offer
Martin Webb
Biophysics
Tom Carter
)H,YPQI
.YWXMR1SPPS]
4IXIV6SWIRXLEP
-ER8E]PSV
Martin Webb
162
40
65
66
60
64
65
Cancer
7XIZI+EQFPMR
Andres Ramos
Steve Smerdon
.IER4EYP:MRGIRX
Martin Webb
68
98
Cell Biology
Kate Bishop
1MOI&PEGOQER
Tom Carter
)ZE*VMGOIP
1E\+YXMIVVI^
8SR],SPHIV
7XIZI0I]
Tim Mohun
.YWXMR1SPPS]
)POI3FIV
/EXVMR6MXXMRKIV
Benedict Seddon
Jim Smith
35
36
60
40
41
45
65
94
69
49
95
Jonathan Stoye
Peter Thorpe
51
96
Developmental biology
.IER4EYP:MRGIRX
(EZMH;MPOMRWSR
0]PI>MQQIVQER
Andrew Oates
98
84
99
93
Evolutionary biology
4EYP(VMWGSPP
6MGLEVH+SPHWXIMR
1EPGSPQ0SKER
6SFMR0SZIPP&EHKI
61
63
90
91
Genetics and genomics
7MI[0ER%RK
4EYP&YVKS]RI
1MOI+MPGLVMWX
*VERpSMW+YMPPIQSX
1EPGSPQ0SKER
6SFMR0SZIPP&EHKI
Tim Mohun
)POI3FIV
-VMW7EPIGOIV
Jim Smith
Peter Thorpe
James Turner
:MGXSV8]FYPI[MG^
.IER4EYP:MRGIRX
6SFIVX;MPOMRWSR
1EVO;MPWSR
0]PI>MQQIVQER
89
80
90
91
94
83
95
96
53
98
55
56
99
Immunity
John Doorbar
)ZE*VMGOIP
38
40
1E\MQMPMERS+YXMIVVI^
+ISVKI/EWWMSXMW
.IER0ERKLSVRI
7XIZI0I]
Anne O’Garra
:IRMÎPSW4ETE]ERRSTSYPSW
Andres Ramos
/EXVMR6MXXMRKIV
Benedict Seddon
+MXXE7XSGOMRKIV
4EZIP8SPEV
:MGXSV8]FYPI[MG^
Andreas Wack
6SFIVX;MPOMRWSR
1EVO;MPWSR
(SYKPEW=SYRK
41
43
44
45
48
68
69
49
50
53
54
55
56
Infectious disease
Kate Bishop
1MOI&PEGOQER
0YM^4IHVSHI'EVZEPLS
John Doorbar
(IPQMVS*IVRERHI^6I]IW
)ZE*VMGOIP
7XIZI+EQFPMR
6MGLEVH+SPHWXIMR
1E\MQMPMERS+YXMIVVI^
8SR],SPHIV
+ISVKI/EWWMSXMW
.IER0ERKLSVRI
.SLR1G'EYPI]
Anne O’Garra
4IXIV6SWIRXLEP
Steve Smerdon
+MXXE7XSGOMRKIV
Jonathan Stoye
-ER8E]PSV
35
36
38
39
40
63
41
43
44
46
50
51
4EZIP8SPEV
Andreas Wack
6SFIVX;MPOMRWSR
1EVO;MPWSR
(SYKPEW=SYRK
54
55
56
1MOI+MPGLVMWX
6MGLEVH+SPHWXIMR
;MPPMI8E]PSV
89
63
Neurosciences
7MI[0ER%RK
James Briscoe
Denis Burdakov
%PI\+SYPH
*VERpSMW+YMPPIQSX
)H,YPQI
8VS]1EVKVMI
:EWWMPMW4EGLRMW
%RREPMWE4EWXSVI
-VMW7EPIGOIV
(EZMH;MPOMRWSR
7MI[0ER%RK
Tom Carter
0YM^HI'EVZEPLS
4EYP(VMWGSPP
7XIZI+EQFPMR
%PI\+SYPH
8VS]1EVKVMI
Steve Smerdon
+MXXE7XSGOMRKIV
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80
64
81
83
84
60
61
81
50
56
Stem cell biology
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Peter Thorpe
James Turner
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91
96
84
Structural biology
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Andres Ramos
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Steve Smerdon
Jonathan Stoye
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Martin Webb
36
61
64
68
69
51
Systems biology
James Briscoe
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39
89
90
163
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Assistant Director
130
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109
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130
Director of Research
130
Director of Studies
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114
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110
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106
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119
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110
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164
130
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106
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115
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115
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118
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pdfMRC NIMR Annual Report - The Francis Crick Institute

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