Asterisk as a Media Application Server

Asterisk as a Media Application Server

Asterisk as a Media Application Server
Matt Jordan
@mattcjordan
Director of Technology, Digium
Goal:
Can we make Asterisk a
generic media
application server?
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Scalability
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Traditional
Deployments
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Traditional Deployments
 Asterisk front-ended with Kamailio
– Kamailio acts as Registrar, provides Location
– Asterisk provides media services
 Use Traditional Asterisk Dialplan
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Traditional Deployments
 Asterisk front-ended with Kamailio
– Kamailio acts as Registrar, provides Location
– Asterisk provides media services
 Use Traditional Asterisk Dialplan
 Option 1: Each Asterisk server the same
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Traditional Deployment: Option 1
Alice
Kamailio 1
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk PBX
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Traditional Deployment: Option 1
●
Alice
●
Kamailio 1
Asterisk PBX
●
●
Bob
Kamailio 2
Kamailio acts
as Registrar
Round Robin
routing
Multi-tenant
Asterisk
systems share
configuration
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk PBX
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Traditional Deployment: Option 1
●
Alice
●
Kamailio 1
Asterisk PBX
●
●
Bob
Kamailio 2
Kamailio acts
as Registrar
Round Robin
routing
Multi-tenant
Asterisk
systems share
configuration
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk PBX
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Problems with Option 1
 Sharing Configuration
– Not easily scaled
– All systems must know all information
– Requires careful dialplan construction (func_odbc)
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[customer_one]
exten => 1000,1,NoOp()
same => n,ConfBridge(1000,c_one_profile)
same => n,Hangup()
[customer_two]
exten => 1000,1,NoOp()
same => n,ConfBridge(1000,c_two_profile)
same => n,Hangup()
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[customer]
exten => 1000,1,NoOp()
same => n,ConfBridge(1000,${ODBC_CONF_PROF(${CALLERID(num)})})
same => n,Hangup()
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Traditional Deployment: Option 1
Alice
Kamailio 1
Asterisk PBX
Alice Calls 1000
(Conference)
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk PBX
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Traditional Deployment: Option 1
Alice
Kamailio 1
Asterisk PBX
Bob Calls 1000
(Conference)
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk PBX
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Traditional Deployment: Option 1
Alice
Kamailio 1
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk PBX
:-(
Asterisk PBX
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Problems with Option 1
 Sharing Configuration
– Not easily scaled
– All systems must know all information
– Requires careful dialplan construction (func_odbc)
 func_odbc: Still doesn't scale well!
– Can defer customer logic to external system
– Cannot easily defer routing/application logic
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Traditional Deployments
 Asterisk front-ended with Kamailio
– Kamailio acts as Registrar, provides Location
– Asterisk provides media services
 Use Traditional Asterisk Dialplan
 Option 1: Each Asterisk server the same
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
17
Traditional Deployments
 Asterisk front-ended with Kamailio
– Kamailio acts as Registrar, provides Location
– Asterisk provides media services
 Use Traditional Asterisk Dialplan
 Option 1: Each Asterisk server the same
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
18
Traditional Deployments
 Asterisk front-ended with Kamailio
– Kamailio acts as Registrar, provides Location
– Asterisk provides media services
 Use Traditional Asterisk Dialplan
 Option 1: Each Asterisk server the same
 Option 2: Special purpose Asterisk servers
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Traditional Deployment: Option 2
●
Alice
●
Kamailio 1
Asterisk PBX
●
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk
Conferencing
●
Kamailio acts
as Registrar
Route based
on functional
purpose (with
round robin
amongst
those)
Multi-tenant
Asterisk
systems share
configuration
Asterisk PBX
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Traditional Deployment: Option 2
Alice
Kamailio 1
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk
Conferencing
Asterisk PBX
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Traditional Deployment: Option 2
Alice
Kamailio 1
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk
Conferencing
But what if I
need another
Conferencing
Server?
Asterisk PBX
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Traditional Deployment: Option 2
Alice
Kamailio 1
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk PBX
Asterisk
Conferencing
:-(
Asterisk PBX
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Traditional Deployments
 Asterisk front-ended with Kamailio
– Kamailio acts as Registrar, provides Location
– Asterisk provides media services
 Use Traditional Asterisk Dialplan
 Option 1: Each Asterisk server the same
 Option 2: Special purpose Asterisk servers
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Problems with Option 1 and Option 2
 Sharing Configuration
– Not easily scaled
– All systems must know all information
– Requires careful dialplan construction (func_odbc)
 func_odbc: Still doesn't scale well!
– Can defer customer logic to external system
– Cannot easily defer application logic
 Functional systems only partially mitigate the
problem
– Application logic still affects routing decisions
– Impacts how easy we can scale
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Problems with Tradition
 Optimal routing should not require application
logic: Not Kamailio's job
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Problems with Tradition
 Optimal routing should not require application
logic: Not Kamailio's job
 Application Logic impacts routing
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Problems with Tradition
 Optimal routing should not require application
logic: Not Kamailio's job
 Application Logic impacts routing
 Ideal situation
– Every instance of Asterisk is generic
– Kamailio just routes based on performance
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Goal:
Can we make Asterisk a
generic media
application server?
Creative Innovation – Customer Satisfaction – Continual Quality Improvement
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Remove the application
logic from Asterisk
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ARI: An API for building
custom communications
applications
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ARI: A Super Quick Overview
 A REST(ful) API
– Exposes the raw Asterisk primitives as resources
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ARI: A Super Quick Overview
 A REST(ful) API
– Exposes the raw Asterisk primitives as resources
POST /channels/12345/answer
DELETE /bridges/awesome_bridge
PUT /deviceStates/my_dev/state=BUSY
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ARI: A Super Quick Overview
 A REST(ful) API
– Exposes the raw Asterisk primitives as resources
POST /channels/12345/answer
DELETE /bridges/awesome_bridge
PUT /deviceStates/my_dev/state=BUSY
 JSON Events over WS
{ event: 'ChannelHangup',
channel: { 'id': '12345',
'name': 'PJSIP/alice'
 A tiny bit of dialplan
exten => _XXXX,1,Stasis(your­app)
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ARI: A Super Quick Overview
Stasis dialplan app
Asterisk
Dialplan Execution
ARI
External Execution
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Single Slide Conference Bridge
import ari
client = ari.connect('http://localhost:8088',
'ari_user', 's3cr3t')
conf_bridge = client.bridges.create(
type='mixing,dtmf_events',
bridgeId='awesome_conf')
def stasis_start_cb(channels, ev):
channel = channels.get('channel')
channel.answer()
conf_bridge.play(media='sound:beep')
conf_bridge.addChannel(channel=channel.id)
client.on_channel_event('StasisStart',
stasis_start_cb)
client.run(apps='awesome_conference')
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ARI: An API for building
custom communications
applications
(THAT'S THE DIALPLAN)
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Nontraditional
Deployment
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Step 1: Remove
the Dialplan*
* Conspiracy Theorists Rejoice
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Getting a little extreme
[default]
exten => _X.,1,NoOp()
same => n,Stasis(EVERYTHING)
same => n,Hangup()
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Step 2: Use a
Message Bus
Approach
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Getting a little extreme
def get_app_by_exten(exten):
“””This is terrible, but demos the concept”””
if exten == '1000':
return exec_conference
else:
return default_app_exec
def stasis_start_cb(channel, ev):
exten = ev.get('exten')
app = get_app_by_exten(exten)
app(channel)
client.on_channel_event('StasisStart',
stasis_start_cb)
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Getting a bit more extreme
SIP
ARI
Alice
Kamailio 1
Asterisk 1
App Server
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk 2
App Server
Asterisk n
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Getting a bit more extreme
SIP
ARI
Alice
Kamailio 1
Asterisk 1
App Server
Bob
Kamailio 2
Asterisk 2
App Server
Treat as Scalable Microservices
Asterisk n
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A philosophical taxonomy
 Keep things as simple as possible, but no simpler
 Kamailio: manage SIP
 Asterisk: manage media
 Application logic: your choice
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Questions
?
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