Statistical multiplexing in Cable TV networks

Statistical multiplexing
in Cable TV networks
Efficient and flexible usage of bandwidth
for high resolution video
without compromising the service quality
Efficient usage of bandwidth with excellent service quality
Cable TV networks are running out of free frequencies due to increasing number of TV channels
with higher video resolutions, ever growing need for higher broadband speeds, and new
DOCSIS® standards. Statistical multiplexing enables efficient usage of bandwidth and ensures
high quality viewing experience for consumers.
New DOCSIS® standards promise better performance, but may require even 192 MHz wide frequency slots for full utilization
in addition to the current 8 MHz slots per channel. To be able to accommodate the increasing number of bandwidth-hungry
services - video and data - the content needs to be compressed, and our solution for statistical multiplexing can do that without
compromising the quality of service.
Why is statistical multiplexing needed?
The traffic in Cable TV networks is bursty, meaning that the peak usage is greater than the average usage. As opposed to
traditional TV broadcasting, which allocates a constant bit rate for every channel transmitted, statistical multiplexing dynamically
allocates bandwidth to each channel on an as-needed basis and only to channels that are currently transmitting to make the
best use of total available bandwidth and to maximize network efficiency. With our solution for statistical multiplexing including
the headend platform Luminato and the Optimo configured for statistical multiplexing, the operator can reach even 20% higher
capacity while ensuring an outstanding viewing experience for the viewers at all times.
Without statistical multiplexing
With statistical multiplexing
Mux capacity
Channel D
Channel C
Channel C
Channel B
Channel B
Channel A
Channel A
More efficient use of total available bandwidth enables 20% more channels
Luminato - reliable headend platform with small footprint and high density
Teleste Luminato is the most compact headend platform in the industry with minimal power consumption. It is one of the most
reliable headend platforms on the market: there are thousands of units operational all over the world around the clock, yet the
failure rate has proven to be lower than 0,3%. The Luminato chassis is divided into six module slots, which can be equipped
with any of the available Luminato receiver and/or output modules.
Versatile receivers for content acquisition and management
Luminato receivers offer tools to manage incoming video and audio signals received via satellite, terrestrial, cable and IP
interfaces. They support encrypted and “free to air” content in various resolutions up to UHD (Ultra High Definition) in several
formats (MPEG-2, MPEG-4 AVC and HEVC). With advanced transport stream processing, the operator can select the services
Conditional Access
Satellite
Terrestrial
IP
ASI
Demux
Statmux
Mux
Luminato
receivers
Optimo
Luminato
transmitters
IP
TS processing
Decryption
User apps
IP
Video processing
TS processing
PSI/SI/EPG
Encryption
Terrestrial
Cable
IP
ASI
Reliable compression with Luminato & Optimo
and components which are relevant to his network and filter out nonessential service components that would otherwise load
statistical multiplexers or the network unnecessarily. The IP output of the receivers feeds the signals to Optimo that performs
statistical multiplexing of the video content and decoding of the audio components.
Statistical multiplexing with Optimo - reach 20% higher capacity
Although filtering out unnecessary stream components in Luminato makes a great difference, the biggest benefit is achieved
by performing statistical multiplexing in Teleste Optimo. As a result, the capacity can increase 20% per multi program transport
stream (MPTS). The Optimo supports various video formats (HEVC, H.264, MPEG-2) and all common audio formats such as
MPEG-1 L2 and AC3. Typically video compression is used while audio is left uncompressed.
The clever statistical multiplexing algorithms guarantee error free and high quality video transmission. Although the sum of peak
bitrates would exceed the transmission capacity, the practical sum of peak bitrates is often less than the theoretical maximum.
Even the theoretical maximum can be managed by increased compression rate.
The Optimo offers great flexibility in balancing between quality and capacity, as the bitrate, resolution and number of channels
can be optimized for outputs. It allows defining of minimum, maximum and nominal bitrates of individual video components, their
priorities and maximum bitrate per MPTS.
Luminato edge QAM’s for DVB-C content distribution
The Teleste Luminato quad QAM modules provide an advanced solution for Cable TV operators to DVB-C delivery over HFCnetwork. The Luminato edge QAM output modules multiplex additional components, such as PSI/SI tables to the dense MPTS
content stream that Optimo supplies. The edge QAM modules can perform scrambling and support MPEG transport streams
likewise Luminato receivers.
The edge QAM modules can be placed in the same Luminato chassis that is also equipped with Luminato receiver modules
or alternatively edge QAM modules can be placed in remote locations while receivers are centralized. All modules have an IP
connection that offers freedom to select the ideal network topology for the operator’s specific needs.
Technical specifications
Control and management
SNMP network management/
monitoring
Application programming interface
Text based management/configuration
HTML based UI
SNMP v2c
REST XML API
Telnet/CLI
RF input
Frequency range
Constellation
Symbol rate
Satellite: DVB-S / DVB-S2 /
DVB-S2X
950...2150 MHz
QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK, 32 APSK
1.5 ... 67.5 MS/s
Terrestrial: DVB-T, DVB-T2,
ISDB-T
47 ... 862 MHz
QPSK, DQPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM,
256QAM
Cable: DVB-C, ITU-T J.83 Annex
A and B
110 MHz ... 862 MHz
16QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM
4 ... 7.4 MS/s
IP input
Packet format
Maximum bitrate
Format
Unicast and/or multicast
IP/UDP or RTP/UDP/IP 1 ... 7 TS packets
per frame
2*192 Mb/s
CBR & VBR
ASI receivers
Maximum speed per interface
Maximum bitrate (4 ports combined)
Standard
Up to 4 ports in one module
216 Mbit/s
500 Mbit/s
EN50083-9
Descrambling
DVB Common Interface
CA module
TS bitrate
Dual slot (PCMCIA)
DVB_CI EN50221
PC-Card type II
up to 192 Mbit/s
Stream processing
PSI/SI tables
Format
Stream redundancy
Demultiplexing, PID filtering,
remapping, pass-through
Generated automatically and/or manually
Any content in transport stream format
1+4 (Quad level security)
IP output
Packet format
Maximum bitrate
Format
Unicast and/or multicast
IP/UDP or RTP/UDP/IP 1 ... 7 TS packets
per frame
500 Mbit/s (AES) 390 Mbit/s (CSA)
MPTS, SPTS
Luminato receivers
IP input
Packet format
Interface
Format
Unicast and/or multicast
IP/UDP or RTP/UDP/IP 1 ... 7 TS packets
per frame
2*10GbE SFP slots, 10*1000BaseT
CBR & VBR
Statistical multiplexing
Number of MPTS
Maximum bitrate per MPTS
Supported codecs
500 Mbit/s throughput
Max 25
160 Mbps
HEVC, H-264 (MPEG-4 AVC), MPEG-2
IP output
Packet format
Interface
Capacity
Unicast and/or multicast
IP/UDP or RTP/UDP/IP 1 ... 7 TS packets
per frame
2*10GbE SFP slots, 10*1000BaseT
250 encoded channels
IP input
Packet format
Maximum input streams per module
Dejittering buffers
Unicast and/or multicast
IP/UDP or RTP/UDP/IP 1 ... 7 TS packets
per frame
120
200 ms
Stream processing
PSI/SI tables
Multiplexing
TS bitrate
Multiplexing, PID filtering,
remapping, pass-through
Generated automatically and/or manually
4 Multiplexers per module
Depends on QAM settings
Scrambling
Scrambled services
Standard
Conditional Access Algorithm
Embedded
Max 120 services per module
DVB Simulcrypt
AES-128 bit, CSA
IP output
Packet format
Maximum bitrate
Format
Unicast and/or multicast
IP/UDP or RTP/UDP/IP 1 ... 7 TS packets
per frame
500 Mbit/s (AES) 390 Mbit/s (CSA)
MPTS, SPTS
RF output
Frequency range
Constellation
Symbol rate
DVB-C, ITU-T J.83 Annex A and C
110 MHz ... 862 MHz
64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM
4 ... 7.4 MS/s
Luminato transmitters
TELESTE CORPORATION
P.O. Box 323
FI-20101 Turku, Finland
Phone +358 2 2605 611
Fax +358 2 2446 928
[email protected]
www.teleste.com
P2P_ statmux_08/16 Copyright © 2016 Teleste Corporation. All rights reserved. TELESTE is a registered trademark of Teleste Corporation.
Optimo statistical multiplexer