7. piradobis mowmobis asli

CMYK
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #1. ianvari. 2014.
naTlisReba
tropari: raJams iordanes naTel iRe
Sen, ufalo, maSin samebisa Tayvaniscema gamosCnda, rameTu mamisa xma gewameboda, da
sayuarelad Zed saxel-gdva Sen, da suli
wmida saxiTa tredisaTa daamtkicebda sityvisa mis ucdomelobasa, romeli ganscxaden,
qriste RmerTo, da yoveli sofeli gananaTle, dideba Senda.
kondaki: ganecxade dRes yovelsa sofelsa da naTeli Seni ufalo aw moisaxa Cuen zeda, mecnierebiT mcnobTa maT SenTa da
ganscxaden naTelo Seuxebelo.
naTlisRebis dResaswaulze da mis wina
dRes yvela marTlmadideblur taZarSi
sruldeba wyalkurTxeva didi aiazmis wesiT da nakurTxi wyali urigdebaT morwmuneebs. am wyals uflis mier kurTxeuli
iordanis madli eZleva da, Cveulebrivi
wylisgan gansxvavebiT, ar ixrwneba. is SegiZliaT mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi SeinaxoT da gansacdelisa da avadmyofobis
dros miiRoT.
naTlisReba - es aris dRe, roca ufalma
Cvenma ieso qristem mdinare iordaniaSi simdabliT ioane naTlismcemlisgan naTeliRo
da wyali xrwnilebisagan ganwmida, raTa mis
mier codvaTa moteveba moeniWebina CvenTvis.
macxovarma TviTon ki ar miiRo siwmide
an, rogorc ucodveli, ganwmedas ki ar saWiroebda, aramed naTeliRo Cveni SewevnisaTvis, Semusra eSmaki da ganwmedili wyliT
Cveni usjuloeba ganbana.
naTlisRebisas suliwmidis saidumlo
moqmedebiT qristiani qristes sxeuls, eklesias uerTdeba. saidumlo ki madlis uxilav moqmedebaSi mdgomareobs: wyali sxeuls ganwmends, suliwmida ki gonebisaTvis
miuwvdomlad TviT suls ganbans. gana es
sakvirvelia? ubralo magaliTi moviSvelioT: roca cecxli rkinis sizrqeSi Sedis,
yvelaferi cecxlad iqceva. am dros civic
cxeldeba da Savic naTdeba. Tuki nivTieri
cecxli rkinaSi SeRwevisas ase daubrkoleblad moqmedebs, raRa gasakviria, rom suliwmida sulis siRrmeSi aRwevdes? (kirile
ierusalimeli).
am dRes RvTis gancxadeba ewodeba, radganac swored maSin gancxadda pirvelad sameba Ze naTels iRebda, suliwmida mtredis
saxiT Canda, xolo cidan ismoda mamis xma :
ese ars Ze Cemi sayvareli, romel me saTno
viyav.
bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi Cveni
universiteti aqtiurad CaerTo sxvadasxva tipis saerTaSoriso saganmanaTleblo proeqtebSi. aRniSnuli proeqtebi ZiriTadad emsaxureba gamocdilebis urTierTgaziarebas, evropul
saganmanaTleblo standartebTan miaxloebas, studentTa da profesor-maswavlebelTa akademiur gacvlebs, erTobliv samecniero kvlevebs.
tempusis
sagranto
proeqtis
`530311-TEMPUS-1-2012-1-AM-TEMPUSJPCR: MAHATMA~ dafinansebulia evrokomisiis mier 2012 wels, sami wlis
vadiT.
centrebis marTvis principebi. aRniSnul sferoSi dasaqmebuli pirebi dadgnen axali gamowvevebis winaSe: aiTvison da flobdnen xarisxiani umaRlesi
ganaTlebis SeTavazebisa da samecniero kvlevebis warmoebisTvis saerTaSoriso standartebiT dadgenil normebs,
umaRlesi ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis
menejmentis dargobriv specifikas, misi ganviTarebisTvis xelSemwyob RonisZiebebs, SeeZloT arsebuli riskebis
amocnoba-analizi da problemebis gadaWris gzebis Zieba. dasaqmebis bazarze sadReisod didi moTxovnaa msgavsi
kompetenciebis mqone pirovnebebze. baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universitetis winaSe dadga amocana
uzrunvelyos regionSi arsebuli usdbi da samecniero-kvleviTi centrebi
umaRlesi ganaTlebisa da samecnierokvleviTi saqmianobis efeqturi gan-
cias, rac aucilebelia efeqturi marTvisTvis, liderobisa da ganaTlebis
sistemaSi mimdinare reformebis ganxorcielebisaTvis. maT gaazrebuli eqnebaT valdebulebebi da pasuxismgeblobebi efeqturi saganmanaTleblo da
samecniero-kvleviTi garemos organizebisTvis.
programis mizania yvela dainteresebul pirs erovnebis, sarwmunoebis da
politikuri niSniT kuTvnilebis miuxedavad SesTavazos maRali xarisxis ganaTleba, aRzardos Tanamedrove moTxovnebis Sesatyvisi kompetenciis
mqone maRalkvalificiuri, konkurentunariani, cvalebad profesiul garemosTan advilad adaptirebadi menejeri, romelic iqneba maRali moqalaqeobrivi Segnebisa da aqtivobis, humanizmis, demokratiis, liberaluri Rirebulebis principebis
matarebeli pirovneba.
aRniSnuli proeqtis egidiT,
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis biblioTekaSi 24-26 ianvars, samdRiani
treningi gaimarTa Temaze: “organizaciuli menejmenti”. ekonomikis doqtorma konstantine
megreliSvilma aWaris umaRlesi
saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis warmomadgenlebs menejmentis ZiriTadi principebi gaacno.
aseve isaubra menejmentSi saer-
tempusis proeqti umaRlesi
ganaTlebis marTvis principebze
proeqtis mizania saqarTvelosa da
somxeTSi ganaTlebis reformebisTvis
mxardaWera umaRlesi ganaTlebis menejmentSi axali samagistro programisa da kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli kursebis SemuSavebis gziT.
proeqtis koordinatoria somxeTis
saxelmwifo pedagogiuri universiteti.
proeqtis gundi SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitetSi warmodgenilia 7 wevriT: proeqtis koordinatori - asocirebuli profesori lela TurmaniZe, mkvlevrebi: reqtoris moadgile samecniero dargSi,
asocirebuli profesori naTela
wiklaSvili, maTematikis departamentis xelmZRvaneli profesori vladimer balaZe, pedagogiur
mecnierebaTa
departamentis
profesorebi guli ServaSiZe, lela TavdgiriZe, asistent profesori nana mazmiSvili, doqtori
nino miqelaZe.
rogorc cnobilia, saqarTvelos umaRlesi ganaTlebis miznebidan gamomdinare Seicvala umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebisa da samecniero-kvleviTi
xorcielebisaTvis Sesabamisi kompetenciis mqone kadrebiT.
proeqtis farglebSi, evropeli
partniorebTan konsultaciebis safuZvelze momzadda samagistro programa „umaRlesi ganaTlebis menejmenti“. saganmanaTleblo programis mizania Tanamedrove moTxovnebis Sesatyvisi kompetenciis mqone maRalkvalificiuri da konkurentunariani menejerebis momzadeba. programis kursdamTavrebulebi SeiZenen yvela im kompeten-
TaSoriso gamocdilebasa da Tanamedrove miRwevebze.
amave programiT Tebervlis dasawyisSi dagegmilia agreTve treiningi,
Temaze: swavleba/swavlis meTodebi
umaRles ganaTlebaSi, romelsac ganaTlebis doqtori, profesori lela
TavdgiriZe Caatarebs.
programis gundi apirebs umaRlesi
ganaTlebis aqtualur sakiTxebze
msgavsi treiningebis Catareba tradiciad aqcios.
2
ianvari
y u r a d R e b a ! daiwyo Sida mobilobis procesi
1. fakultetis Secvlis msurvelma bsu–s studentma
unda warmoadginos Semdegi sabuTebi:
1. gancxadeba;
2. piradobis damadasturebeli mowmobis asli;
3. cnoba studentis statusis Sesaxeb;
4. studentis saswavlo baraTis damowmebuli asli/akademiuri cnoba studentis mier aTvisebuli kreditebis Sesaxeb
sabuTebis miReba iwarmoebs 2014 wlis 3 Tebervlidan
7 Tebervlis CaTvliT.
misamarTi: ninoSvilis quCa #35,
oTaxi #1 (kancelaria).
2. bsu–Si aRdgenis wesiT Caricxvis msurvelma statusSeCerebulma pirebma unda warmoadginon Semdegi sabuTebi:
1. gancxadeba;
2. piradobis mowmobis asli;
3. studentis statusis Sewyvetis/SeCerebis brZanebis
asli;
4. studentis saswavlo baraTis damowmebuli asli/akademiuri cnoba studentis mier aTvisebuli kreditebis Sesaxeb;
5. savaldebuloa studentTa reestrSi daregistrireba, rogorc Sewyvetili statusis mqone studenti (amisaTvis mimarTeT Sesabamis fakultets);
finansuri davalianebis gamo statusSeCerebuli piris aRdgena ganxorcieldeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, roca srulad iqneba dafaruli finansuri davalianeba da
aRniSnulis Sesaxeb warmodgenili iqneba Sesabamisi cnoba.
sabuTebis miReba iwarmoebs 2014 wlis 27 ianvridan 31
ianvris CaTvliT.
misamarTi: ninoSvilis quCa #35,
oTaxi #1 (kancelaria).
3. bsu–Si aRdgenis wesiT Caricxvis msurvelma statusSewyvetilma pirebma unda warmoadginon Semdegi sabuTebi:
6. gancxadeba;
7. piradobis mowmobis asli;
8. studentis statusis Sewyvetis brZanebis asli;
9. studentis saswavlo baraTis damowmebuli asli/akademiuri cnoba studentis mier aTvisebuli kreditebis Sesaxeb;
10. savaldebuloa studentTa reestrSi daregistrireba, rogorc Sewyvetili statusis mqone studenti (amisaTvis mimarTeT Sesabamis fakultets);
finansuri davalianebis gamo statusSeCerebuli piris aRdgena ganxorcieldeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, roca srulad iqneba dafaruli finansuri davalianeba da
aRniSnulis Sesaxeb warmodgenili iqneba Sesabamisi cnoba.
sabuTebis miReba iwarmoebs 2014 wlis 3 Tebervlidan
7 Tebervlis CaTvliT.
misamarTi: ninoSvilis quCa #35,
oTaxi #1 (kancelaria).
sajaro samarTlis
iuridiuli piri baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universiteti
brZaneba #01-008/2
20
ianvari
2014 w.
q. baTumi
ssip ,,baTumis SoTa rusTavvelis saxelmwifo univversitetSi 2013-22014 saswavvlo wlis gazafxulis semestrisaTvvis gad
dayvvana//aRd
dgenis wesiT Caricxvvis msurvvelTaTvis Sid
da mobilobis wesisa da sabuTebis miReba//ganxilvis vad
debis gansazRvvris Sesaxeb
umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis
22-e muxlis pirveli punqtis, saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa
da mecnierebis ministris 2010 wlis 4 Tebervlis #10/n
brZanebiT damtkicebuli umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebidan sxva umaRles saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi gadasvlis wesi-s, bsu-s reqtoris 2012 wlis 7
ivnisis #01-08/21 brZanebis safuZvelze,
v b r Z a n e b:
1. ganisazRvros 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis gazafxulis
semestrisaTvis Sida mobilobis (ssi p ,,baTumis SoTa
rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetSi fakultetis Secvlis an statusSewyvetilis aRdgenis) vadebi:
a) dokumentaciis miReba - 2014 wlis 3 Tebervlidan 7 Tebervlis CaTvliT;
b) kreditebis aRiareba - 2014 wlis 12 Tebervlis CaTvliT;
g) studentebisaTvis aRiarebuli kreditebis gacnoba
- 2014 wlis 13 Tebervali;
d) Caricxvis brZanebis gamocema - 2014 wlis 14 Tebervali.
e) Caricxvis brZanebis wardgena ssi p - ganaTlebis xarisxis ganviTarebis erovnul centrSi - 2014 wlis 25 Tebervalis CaTvliT periodSi.
2. ganisazRvros statusSeCerebuli studentebis
saswavlo procesSi dabrunebis vadebi Semdegnairad:
a) dokumentaciis miReba - 2014 wlis 27 ianvridan 31 ianvris
CaTvliT;
b) kreditebis aRiareba - 2014 wlis
5 Tebervlis
CaTvliT;
g) studentebisaTvis aRiarebuli kreditebis gacnoba
- 2014 wlis 6 Tebervali;
d) Caricxvis brZanebis gamocema - 2014 wlis 7 Tebervali.
e) Caricxvis brZanebis wardgena ssi p - ganaTlebis xarisxis ganviTarebis erovnul centrSi - 2014 wlis 25
Tebervalis CaTvliT periodSi.
3. finansuri davalianebis gamo 2014 wlis ianvarSi
bsu-s studentis statusSeCerebul pirebs maTive gancxadebis Sesabamisad mieniWoT ufleba gavidnen 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis zamTris sagamocdo sesiaze.
4. damtkicdes ssi p ,,baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetSi 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis gazafxulis semestrisaTvis studentTa Sida mobilobis/aRdgenis wesi (danarTi 1);
5. daevalos saswavlo da samecniero programebis
marTvis departaments bsu-Si 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis gazafxulis semestrisaTvis studentTa Sida mobilobis/aRdgenis koordinireba;
6. brZaneba sajaro gamocxadebis mizniT gamoqveyndes
bsu-s fakultetebisa da kancelariasTan arsebul sainformacio dafebze;
7. daevalos sainformacio teqnologiebisa da komunikaciebis samsaxurs am brZanebis bsu-s veb-gverdze ganTavseba.
reqtoris moadgile,
asoc. profesori i. baramiZe
damtkicebulia bsu-s reqtoris movaleobis Semsruleblis 2014 wlis 20 ianvaris 0108/2 brZanebiT
danarTi 1
ssip ,,baTumis SoTa rusTavvelis saxelmwifo univversitetSi 2013-22014 saswavvlo wlis gazafxulis semestrisaTvvis Sid
da mobilobis//bsu-s
s stud
dentis statusis aRd
dgenis wesi
1. winamdebare wesi aregulirebs bsu-s studentTa mobilobas bsu-s fakultetebs Soris (Sida mobiloba).
2. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobisa da winamdebare wesis
Sesabamisad mobilobis farglebSi xorcieldeba aseve
finansuri davalianebis /akademiuri Svebulebis gamo bsus studentis statusSeCerebuli, aseve statusSewyvetili
pirebis aRdgena (swavlis gagrZelebis uflebis mopoveba).
3. Sida mobilobis /aRdgenis wesiT Caricxvis msurveli valdebulia dadgenil vadebSi Sesabamisi gancxadebiT momarTos bsu-s reqtors. gancxadebebis warmodgenisa da ganxilvis vadebi gansazRvrulia winamdebare brZanebaSi.
4. aRdgenis wesiT Caricxvis msurvelebma (statusSeCerebulma/statusSewyvetilma pirebma) registraciisaTvis
gansazRvrul vadebSi unda warmoadginon Semdegi dokumentebi:
a) gancxadeba;
b) piradobis damadasturebeli mowmobis asli;
g) saswavlo baraTis damowmebuli asli/akademiuri
cnoba studentis mier aTvisebuli kreditebis Sesaxeb;
d) studentis statusis Sewyvetis/SeCerebis Sesaxeb
brZanebis asli;
5. fakultetis Secvlis msurvelma bsu-s studentebma
winamdebare brZanebiT gansazRvrul vadebSi unda warmoadginon Semdegi dokumentebi:
a) gancxadeba;
b) piradobis damadasturebeli mowmobis asli;
g) saswavlo baraTis asli, damowmebuli fakultetis
dekanis mier;
d) cnoba studentis statusis Sesaxeb;
6. registraciis periodis dasrulebis Semdeg gancxadebebi gansaxilvelad gadaecema Sesabamis fakultets.
mimRebi fakultetis kurikulumis komiteti, xarisxis uzrunvelyofis samsaxurTan SeTanxmebiT adgens daskvnas
mobilobis/aRdgenis msurveli piris mier sxva saganmanaTleblo programis farglebSi miRweuli swavlis Sedegebisa, SeTavazebuli saganmanaTleblo programebis Tavsebadobisa da Sesabamisi kreditebis aRiarebis mizanSewonilobis Sesaxeb, bsu-Si miRebuli kreditebis cnobis wesis Sesabamisad. Tavsebadobis daskvnebi gadaecema saswavlo da samecniero programebis marTvis departaments.
7. Tu Sida mobilobis msurvelTa gancxadebebis raodenoba fakultetebze gamocxadebuli adgilebis raodenobaze metia, maSin bsu uflebamosilia mobilobis msurvelebs Sesabamis fakultetebze Cautaros SesarCevi gamocda.
8. mobilobis msurvelis codnisa da unarebis saganmanaTleblo programasTan Tavsebadobis dadgenis
mizniT safakulteto komisia uflebamosilia Caataros
gasaubreba.
9. saswavlo da samecniero programebis marTvis
departamentis ufrosis wardginebiT bsu-s reqtori
SeimuSavebs mobilobis/aRdgenis wesiT studentebis
Caricxvis Sesaxeb samarTlebrivi aqtis proeqts.
10. finansuri davalianebis gamo statusSewyvetili/statusSeCerebuli piris aRdgenis wesiT Caricxva/
statusis SeCerebis aqtis Zaladakargulad cnoba ganxorcieldeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, roca aRdgenis wesiT
Caricxvis msurveli Caricxvis brZanebis gamocemamde srulad dafaravs finansur davalianebas.
11. bsu-Si Sida mobilobis/aRdgenis wesiT Caricxvis
Semdeg studentsa da bsu-s Soris formdeba xelSekruleba.
y u r a d R e b a !
daiwyo gare mobilobis procesi
sxvva umaRlesi saswavvleblebid
dan bsu-ii gad
dmosvvlis
msurvvelebma und
da warmoad
dginon Semd
degi sabuTebi:
1. gancxadeba;
2. piradobis damadasturebeli mowmobis asli;
3. sruli zogadi ganaTlebis miRebis damadasturebeli dokumentis asli (notariulad damowmebuli);
4. saswavlo baraTis damowmebuli asli/akademiuri
cnoba studentis mier aTvisebuli kreditebis Sesaxeb;
5. cnoba umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebidan
studentis statusis Sesaxeb;
6. saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi Caricxvis brZanebis damowmebuli asli;
7. gamocdebis erovnuli centris mier gacemuli serTifikatis asli (aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi);
8. ucxo qveyanaSi miRebuli ganaTlebis aRiarebis damadasturebeli dokumentis asli (aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi).
9. dokumentaciis warmodgena savaldebuloa rogorc
nabeWdi, aseve eleqtronuli formiT.
sabuTebis miReba iwarmoebs 2014 wlis
14,15 da 17 Tebervals;
sajaro samarTlis
iuridiuli piri baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universiteti
brZaneba #01-008/3
20 ianvari
2014 w.
q. baTumi
ssip ,,baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetSi 2013-22014 saswavlo wlis gazafxulis semestrisaTvis sxva umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo saswavleblebidan gadmoyvanis wesiT Caricxvis msurvelTaTvis mobilobis wesisa da sabuTebis miReba/ganxilvis vadebis gansazRvris Sesaxeb
umaRlesi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis 22-e muxlis pirveli punqtis, saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministris 2010 wlis 4 Tebervlis #10/n brZanebiT damtkicebuli umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebidan sxva umaRles saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi gadasvlis wesis, mobilobis
procesis administrirebasTan dakavSirebuli vadebis
gansazRvris Sesaxeb ganaTlebis xarisxis ganviTarebis erovnuli centris direqtoris 2014 wlis 17 ianvris #29 brZanebis, 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis gazafxulis semestrisaTvis
mobilobis kontigentis gansazRvris Sesaxeb baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis akademiuri sabWos 2014 wlis 22
ianvris #3 dadgenilebis, bsu-s reqtoris 2012 wlis
7 ivnisis #01-08/21 brZanebis safuZvelze:
v b r Z a n e b:
1. ganisazRvros 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis gazafxulis semestrisaTvis sxva umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo saswavleblebidan gadmoyvanis wesiT Caricxvis
msurvelTaTvis mobilobis wesi da sabuTebis miReba/ganxilvis vadebi:
a) dokumentaciis miReba - 2014 wlis 14,15 da 17
Tebervali;
b) kreditebis aRiareba - 2014 wlis 18 Tebervlis
CaTvliT;
g) studentebisaTvis aRiarebuli kreditebis gacnoba - 2013 wlis 19 Tebervali;
d) Caricxvis brZanebis proeqtis momzadeba da
ganaTlebis xarisxis ganviTarebis erovnul centrSi
gagzavna - 21 Tebervlis CaTvliT.
2. mobiloba ganxorcieldes bsu-s reqtoris moadgilis 2014 wlis 20 ianvris 01-08/2 brZanebiT damtkicebuli ssi p ,,baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universitetSi 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis gazafxulis
semestrisaTvis studentTa mobilobis wesis Sesabamisad;
3. daevalos saswavlo da samecniero programebis
marTvis departaments bsu-Si 2013-2014 saswavlo wlis
gazafxulis semestrisaTvis studentTa mobilobis
koordinireba;
4. brZaneba sajaro gamocxadebis mizniT gamoqveyndes bsu-s fakultetebisa da kancelariasTan arsebul sainformacio dafebze;
5. daevalos sainformacio teqnologiebisa da komunikaciebis samsaxurs am brZanebis bsu-s veb-gverdze
ganTavseba.
reqtoris moadgile,
asoc. profesori i. baramiZe
ianvari
3
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universitetis fitopaTologiisa
da biomravalferovnebis
institutis mniSvneloba da saqmianoba
SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis (rsu) fitopaTologiisa
da biomravalferovnebis instituti
aris fitopaTologiisa da biomravalferovnebis samecniero-kvleviTi
institutebis samarTalmemkvidre.
saqarTvelos fitopaTologiis
instituti (warsulSi mcenareTa imunitetis instituti) 1991 wlis 22 maiss
daarsda fitopaTologiis sakavSirosamecniero kvleviTi institutis saqarTvelos filialis bazaze, romelic
qobuleTSi 1959 wlidan funqcionirebda.
1964 wels Seiqmna fitopaTologiis,
biologiuri kontrolis, mikroorganizmebis seleqciisa da genetikis, herbicidebis, toqsikologiisa da fungicidebis laboratoriebi. 1970 wels ki
savele sadguri Camoyalibda daba waRverSi.
sabWoTa periodSi laboratoriebSi
strategiuli mniSvnelobis, maRalvirulenturi da gansakuTrebiT mavne
sokovani paTogenebis kvleva mimdinareobda. fitopaTologiis sakavSiro
kvleviTi institutis filiali iyo saqarTveloSi pirveli samecniero dawesebuleba, sadac daiwyo marcvlovanTa
paTogenebis populaciis genetikuri
struqturis kvleva, maRalvirulenturi rasebis mimarT gamZleobis efeqturi wyaroebis moZieba da gamocda,
perspeqtiuli fungicidebis da herbicidebis skriningi.
qobuleTis garemo pirobebi unikaluria savele cdebis Casatareblad,
rac ganpirobebulia sacdeli kulturebis komerciuli naTesebisgan bunebrivi izolaciiT da mcenareTa paTogenebis zrdisaTvis xelsayreli notio
da Tbili klimatiT.
sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg instituti saqarTvelos saxelmwifos
gadaeca, mTavrobis dadgenilebiT mas
kvleviTi institutis statusi mieniWa
da ewoda saqarTvelos fitopaTologiis instituti.
2006 wlidan fitopaTologiis instituti iyo ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros daqvemdebarebaSi, xolo saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2010 wlis
9 ivlisis 185 dadgenilebis safuZvelze, 2011 wlis ianvridan SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitets SeuerTda da `SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universiteti CaiTvala ssip ,,fitopaTologiis institutis (mcenareTa imunitetis institutis) uflebamonacvled.
fitopaTologiis mimarTulebiT
kvlevebis mizania ganxorcieldes
kvleviTi, sakonsultacio da saeqsperto saqmianoba daavadebebis diagnostikisa da mcenareTa dacvis mimarTulebiT. mimdinareobs gamoyenebiTi xasiaTis kvlevebi. ZiriTadi prioritetuli mimarTulebebia: saqarTvelosTvis
mniSvnelovani sasoflo-sameurneo da
sxva, ekonomikurad mniSvnelovani kulturebis fitosanitaruli monitoringi da
diagnostika, mikologia, baqteriologia, virusologia,
populaciuri genetika, imunologia, kulturaTa koleqcia, molekuluri biologia.
fitopaTologiuri kvlevebis Sedegad miRebuli informacia qveyanaSi gavrcelebuli daavadebebis saxeobrivi Semadgenlobis Sesaxeb, SemdgomSi ki populaciur-genetikuri kvlevebis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebi
paTogenTa Sigasaxeobrivi
struqturis (rasebi, Stamebi, paTotipebi) Sesaxeb da
damamTavrebel etapze am
ori kvlevis Sedegebis (kulturaTa koleqcia) gamoyeneba saseleqcio masalis imunologiuri Sefasebebisas, mTeli seleqciuri procesis
ganmavlobaSi miznad isaxavs gamZle jiSebis miRebas, rac sabolood mniSvnelovanwilad ganapirobebs qveynis biousafrTxoebasa da sasursaTo Tavdacvisunarianobas, adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis saSiS, mcenareTa mavne organizmebis zemoqmedebis Semcirebas, mosavlianobis zrdas da qveynis ekonomikis donis amaRlebas.
fitopaTologiuri kvlevebi gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria dRes, radgan
saqarTvelo warmoadgens evraziis
satransporto derefans, rac sxvadasxva tvirTTan erTad, mikroorganizmebis aqtiur gadaadgilebasac ganapirobebs, izrdeba CvenSi sakarantino
obieqtebis Semotanisa da gavrcelebis
riski da Cndeba sazRvrebTan da portebTan mkacri biologiuri kontrolis dawesebis aucilebloba.
institutis TanamSromlebi saqarTvelos ssip ,,Semosavlebis samsaxuris sabaJo departamentis dakveTiT
(xelSekruleba #1/186, 21.03.2013) saerTaSoriso standartebis doneze
axorcieleben saqarTveloSi sxva qveynebidan (niderlandebi, italia, germania, TurqeTi, israeli, somxeTi, azerbaijani, indoeTi, safrangeTi da sxv.)
importirebuli sasoflo-sameurneo
produqtebis da sargavi masalis analizs sakarantino daavadebebis gamovlenis mizniT. 2013 wlis ianvridan
dRemde Catarebuli laboratoriuli
analizebis Sedegad tvirTebis mniSvnelovan nawilSi aRmoCenili iqna kartofilis da sxva kulturebis sakarantino daavadebebi.
2013 wlis 19 agvistos baTumis SoTa
rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis fitopaTologiisa da biomravalferovnebis instituti moinaxules ruseTis federaciis mcenareTa karantinis centris veterinaruli da fitosanitaruli zedamxedvelobis federaluri samsaxuris warmomadgenlebma,
romlebic gaecnen institutSi fitopaTologiis kuTxiT mimdinare kvlevebs. daaTvalieres laboratoriebi.
gamoTqves urTierTTanamSromlobisa
da saerTo problemebze erToblivi
muSaobis survili, rac aseve uSualod
Seexeba saqarTvelosa da ruseTis federacias Soris sasoflo-sameurneo
produqciis eqsportsa da imports. aRniSnuli samsaxuri ,,oqros rTvelTan
dakavSirebiT 2013 wlis SemodgomiTac
imyofeboda regionSi da citrusis eqsportis sakiTxebze aqtiurad TanamSromlobs.
mimarTuleba TanamSromlobs sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan: xorblisa da simindis gaumjobesebis saerTaSoriso centri (CIMMYT),
mSrali regionebis sasoflo - sameurneo kvlevebis saerTaSoriso centri
(ICARDA), didi britaneTis sursaTisa
da garemos kvlevis saagento (FERA),
gaeros sursaTisa da soflis meurneobis organizacia (FAO), saerTaSoriso
samecniero-teqnikuri centri (ISTC)
da sxva.
ganxorcielda da mimdinareobs
mniSvnelovani saerTaSoriso proeqtebi. maT Soris gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia, rom institutSi 2004 wlidan mimdinareobs saerTaSoriso samecnieroteqnikuri centrisa (ISTC) da didi
britaneTis gaerTianebuli samefos
Tavdacvis saministros sapartnioro
proeqtebi: 2004-2008 ww - `mcenareTa
dacvis gaumjobeseba saqarTveloSi
daavadebebisadmi gamZleobis donis
amaRlebis, sakarantino daavadebebis
Seswavlisa da kulturaTa nacionaluri koleqciis Seqmnis gziT G 1093 p;
2009-2011ww - `saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba: sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebis warmoebis gaumjobeseba maTi daavadebebisadmi gamZleobis donis Seswavlis
gziT saqarTveloSi da samxreT kavkasiis sxva qveynebSi G-1775p; mniSvnelovania isic, rom partniori didi britaneTis Tavdacvis saministrosa da
kolaboratori didi britaneTis centraluri samecniero laboratoriis
(Central Scientific Laboratory York, UK)
daxmarebiT SesaZlebeli gaxda kvlevebis xarisxobrivad maRal, saerTaSoriso standartebis doneze ganxorcieleba, sazRvargareTis wamyvan centrebSi treningebis gavlis gziT TanamSromelTa kvalifikaciis amaRleba (11
mecnier?anamSromelma aimaRla kvalifikacia), laboratoriebis Tanamedrove aparaturiT aRWurva, molekuluri
biologiis kvlevis uaxlesi meTodebis
aTviseba.
kvlevebis Sedegebis wardgena intensiurad xdeba saerTaSoriso konferenciebze: saqarTveloSi, italiaSi, aSS-Si, TurqeTSi, meqsikaSi, SveicariaSi,
somxeTSi, azerbaijanSi, uzbekeTSi, ruseTSi, siriaSi, yazaxeTSi, CineTSi, indoeTSi da
sxva qveynebSi.
biomravalferovnebis samecniero-kvleviTi instituti dafuZnda samecnierokvleviTi institutis baTumis
botanikuri baRis bazaze.
saqarTvelos mTavrobis
2009 wlis 29 seqtembris 176
dadgenilebis
Sesabamisad,
ssip - baTumis botanikuri baRi, reorganizaciis gziT 2010
wlis 1 ianvars SeuerTda ssip
SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universitets, rogorc biomravalferovnebis damoukidebeli samecniero-kvleviTi instituti.
2011 wlidan biomravalferovnebis
samecniero-kvleviTi instituti, reorganizebuli ukve rogorc biomravalferovnebis monitoringisa da konservaciis ganyofileba da fitopaTologiis samecniero-kvleviTi instituti sami ganyofilebiT Sevidnen ssip
rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis samecniero centris SemadgenlobaSi, rogorc fitopaTologiisa da biomravalferovnebis samecniero mimarTuleba (2011 wlis 18 Tebervlis universitetis warmomadgenlobiTi sabWos 2 gadawyvetileba), xolo 2013 wlis
ianvridan samecniero centris gauqme-
(gagrZeleba me-4 gverdze)
4
ianvari
(dasawyisi me-3 gverdze)
bis gamo, universitetis SemadgenlobaSi Sedis fitopaTologiisa da biomravalferovnebis institutis statusiT.
biomravalferovnebis monitoringisa da konservaciis ganyofilebis
mecnier-TanamSromlebi (7 akademiuri
doqtori da 3 doqtoranti), qobuleTSi, fitopaTolog kolegebTan erTad
muSaoben biomravalferovnebis kvlevisa da dacva-SenarCunebis sakiTxebze.
ganyofilebaSi muSavdeba 4 samecniero-kvleviTi Tema:
1.subtropikuli xexilovnebis arsebuli da axalintroducirebuli saxeobebis seleqciur - genetikuri Seswavla maTi genofondis SenarCunebis,
perspeqtiuli jiSebis gamovlenisa da
Semdgomi gamoyenebis mizniT.
2.invaziuri ( adventuri) mcenareebi aWaraSi.
3.aWaris zRvispireTis floris antimikrobuli Tvisebebis Seswavla.
4.Savi zRvisa da landSaftebis ixtiofaunisa da ZuZumwovrebis biomravalferovnebis SenarCuneba, dacva-monitoringi da menejmenti, IN-SITU konservacia.
biomravalferovnebis monitoringisa da konservaciis ganyofilebis TanamSromlebis mier Catarebuli samecniero-kvleviTi muSaobis Sedegebi saSualebas gvaZlevs gamovlenili iqnas
subtropikuli da endemuri xexilovnebis perspeqtiuli jiSebi da formebi, Seiqmnas monacemTa baza, moewyos sa-
koleqcio nakveTi, sadac moxdeba subtropikuli da endemuri xexilovnebis
perspeqtiuli, iSviaTi, gadaSenebis piras myofi jiSebisa da formebis konservacia jiSobrivi siwmindis dacvisa
da genofondis SenarCunebis mizniT;
aRricxul iqnas aWaris Savi zRvis sanapiros adventuri mcenareebi, Sefasdes
mosalodneli riskebi adgilobriv velur da kulturul florasTan mimarTebaSi, moxdes axali invaziuri procesebis prognozireba; gamoirCes antimikrobuli Tvisebebis mixedviT aWaris
zRvispireTis floris saxeobebi da SemuSavdes maTi gamoyenebis rekomendaciebi dekoratiul mebaReobaSi, soflis meurneobasa, fitoTerapiaSi da
sxva.
biologiuri dargis am ori samecniero-kvleviTi dawesebulebis gaerTianebam erT samecniero mimarTulebaSi
dadebiTi Sedegi gamoiRo ara marto
samecniero Tematikis koordinaciaSi
da efeqturad SesrulebaSi, aramed kolegializmis Camoyalibebasa da samecniero speqtris gafarToebaSi. biomravalferovnebisa da fitopaTologiis
specialistebs pirvelad miecaT unikaluri saSualeba erToblivad da kompleqsurad imuSaon Cveni regionisa da
mTlianad qveynisaTvis iseT mniSvnelovan sakiTxze, rogoricaa bzis mce-
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis
fitopaTologiisa da biomravalferovnebis
institutis mniSvneloba da saqmianoba
naris daavadeba ( e.w. sidamwvre). am daavadebis Seswavla da masTan brZolis
RonisZiebebis damuSaveba unda moxdes
mcenaris ganviTarebis fazebTan dinamikaSi, sadac aucilebelia botanikosebisa da fiziologebis monawileoba.
fitopaTologiisa da biomravalferovnebis mimarTulebas SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis
samecniero centrSi integraciis Semdeg sargeblobaSi gadmoeca fitopaTologiis institutis kuTvnili 39,
9035 ha miwis farTobi (maT Soris qobuleTSi - 37, 2885 ha, borjomis r-is daba
waRverSi - 2,6150 ha), administraciuli
Senoba, samecniero korpusi, saTburebi, damxmare nagebobebi, rac aWaris ar
mTavrobisa da universitetis xelmZRvanelobis SeTanxmebis safuZvelze
gansazRvruli iyo sruliad samecniero centris ganviTarebisTvis qobuleTSi ( 2011 weli, seqtemberi).
fitopaTologiuri kvlevebisaTvis
aRniSnuli teritoria specialurad
aris SerCeuli geografiuli mdebareobis gamo. samecniero kvlevebidan gamomdinare, samecniero mimarTulebis
laboratoriebi biousafrTxoebis me-2
da me-3 doneebs miekuTvneba, vinaidan,
mcenareTa paTogenebi, romlebzec
mimdinareobs muSaoba, warmoadgenen
me-2 da me-3 riskis jgufebs. mikroor-
ganizmebis gavrceleba warmoadgens
safrTxes mosaxleobisa da garemosaTvis. Sesabamisad, laboratoriebSi, sacdel nakveTebsa da institutis teritoriaze ucxo pirTa gadaadgileba akrZalulia.
sagangaSoa is faqti, rom aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis mTavrobis
2012 wlis 7 ivnisis 132 brZanebiT, baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo
universitetis fitopaTologiisa da
biomravalferovnebis institutis miwebi, masze mimagrebuli Senoba-nagebobebiT da komunikaciebiT, pirdapiri
miyidvis wesiT, sakuTrebaSi gadaeca
Sps ,,ispans. 2012 wlis 11 ivniss gaformda nasyidobis xelSekruleba, romlis
3.2 muxlis ,,k’ qvepunqtis Tanaxmad, Sps
,,ispans universitetisTvis usasyidlod, gansazRvruli Senoba-nagebobebisa da masze mimagrebuli miwis garkveuli nawilis droebiT sargeblobaSi
datovebis valdebuleba mxolod 3
wlis vadiT aqvs aRebuli. mogexsenebaT, rom kvlevis dagegmvas da ganxorcielebas stabiluri garemo esaWiroeba, xolo Cven gaurkvevel mdgomareobaSi vimyofebiT ukve weliwadze meti
xnis ganmavlobaSi. Cvens gulistkivils
iwvevs isic, rom institutis Tanamedrove aparaturiT aRWurvisa da kvlevebis gafarToebis surviliT dainte-
resebuli arian sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebic. magaliTad,
CBA-G (saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis SesaZleblobis gaZlierebis) proeqtis farglebSi SvedeTis mxarem institutis kvlevebisa da laboratoriuli aRWurvilobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb didi interesi gamoxata.
rogorc zemoT mogaxseneT, aRniSnul samecniero dawesebulebaSi ganxorcielebuli iyo saerTaSoriso
proeqtebi, romelTa saerTo Rirebuleba Seadgenda 1 207 583 amerikul dolars, romlis ZiriTadi nawili moxmarda
materialur-teqnikuri bazis
mowyobas, kvlevebis Tanamedrove meTodebis aTvisebasa da gadaiaraRebas.
proeqtebis ganxorcieleba daiwyo
ucxoeli donorebis mier jer kidev maSin, roca ar iyo komunikaciis saSualebebi (deni, elfosta, interneti, wylis
uwyveti miwodeba da a.S.) da kvlevebisTvis elemantaruli pirobebi. Zneli
warmosadgenia, rom ara raime gansakuTrebuli interesi am kvlevebis Sedegebisadmi, didi britaneTis Tavdacvis saministrosa da saerTaSoriso samecniero teqnikur centrs Caedo aseTi didi Sroma, energia da Tanxa qobuleTSi, samecniero dawesebulebis TanamSromlebis materialuri mdgomareobis gaumjobesebisa da samomavlod
Tanamedrove kvlevebisaTvis materialur-teqnikuri bazis Sesaqmnelad.
kidev erTxel aRniSvnis Rirsia is
garemoeba, rom institutis TanamSromlebi saqarTvelos Semosavlebis samsaxuris sabaJo departamentis dakveTiT
kvlevis mikrobiologiuri da molekuluri biologiis Tanamedrove meTodebiT axorcieleben saqarTveloSi importirebuli
sasoflo-sameurneo
produqtebis Semowmebas. dRemde Catarebuli analizebis safuZvelze aRmoCenili iqna iseTi sakarantino daavadebebi, rogorebicaa kartofilis mura
sidample, kartofilis kibo da sxva.
saqarTvelos erovnulma samecniero fondma 2012 wlis konkursSi maRali Sefaseba misca da daafinansa institutidan wardgenili proeqti: ,,mcenareTa daavadebebis gamomwvevi mikroorganizmebis erovnuli koleqciis
Seqmna. es aris qveynis biousafrTxoebisTvis mniSvnelovani Tema da mis Sesrulebas, institutis danarCen samecniero - kvleviT TemebTan erTad, saTanado stabiluri baza esaWiroeba.
mas Semdeg, rac 2011 wels mTavrobis
dadgenilebis safuZvelze instituti
baTumis universitets SeuerTda, igi
agreTve gaxda magistrantebisa da
doqtorantebis momzadebis sauniversiteto baza.
vimedovnebT, rom axali mTavroba
gulisxmierad ganixilavs Cvens problemas da institutisTvis gamoiyofa
funqcionirebisTvis aucilebeli mudmivi adgili saTanado infrastruqturiT da garkveuli miwis farTobiT. sakiTxis dadebiTad gadawyveta xels Seuwyobs qveynis soflis meurneobis winsvlisTvis aucilebeli dargis - fitopaTologiis Semdgom ganviTarebas da
jer kidev arsebuli specialistebis
codnisa da gamocdilebis qveynis sasikeTod gamoyenebas.
guram memarne,
fitopaTologiisa da
biomravalferovnebis
institutis direqtori,
soflis meurneobis
akademiuri doqtori
ianvari
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetSi iuridiul mecnierebaTa departamenti, rogorc iuridiuli
fakultetis samarTalmemkvidre (1991
wlidan 2006 wlamde arsebobda) Camoyalibda iuridiuli da ekonomikuri fakultetebis reorganizaciis safuZvelze 2006 wels. dReisaTvis is aris socialur mecnierebaTa, biznesisa da samarTalmcodneobis fakultetis SemadgenlobaSi. departamentSi xorcieldeba erTi sabakalavro saganmanaTleblo (samarTalmcodneobis) da erTi samagistro saganmanaTleblo (sisxlisa da sajaro samarTlis mimarTulebiT) programa. iuridiul mecnierebaTa departamentis istoria bevrjer daiwera, amitom dRes ganvlil etapebs ar SevexebiT da Sevecdebi
warmovsaxoT arsebuli realoba, dasaxuli miznebi da ganviTarebis perspeqtiva.
iuridiul mecnierebaTa departamenti universitetSi erT?rTi didi departamentia, sabakalavro saganmanaTleblo
programaze swavlobs 375, xolo samagistro saganmanaTleblo programaze 55
studenti, sul 430 studentia aRricxuli. CvenTan saqmianobs 15 akademiuri piri da 26 mowveuli specialisti, sul 41
profesor-maswavlebeli.
departaments 2006 wlidan xelmZRvanelobda profesori omar maxaraZe, 2008
wlidan profesori murman gorgoSaZe,
2013 wlidan saTaveSi Caudga profesori
omar fartenaZe.
iuridiul mecnierebaTa departamenti, rogorc socialur mecnierebaTa,
biznesisa da samarTalmcodneobis fakultetis saswavlo-akademiuri da samecniero struqturuli erTeuli, axorcielebs ra fakultetis debulebidan
gamomdinare saswavlo-akademiur, meTodur, samecniero da praqtikul muSaobas
uzrunvelyofs samarTalmcodneobis mimarTulebiT studentebis momzadebas.
departamentSi saqmianoba warimarTeba
Semdegi oTxi ZiriTadi mimarTulebiT:
I. saswavlo-akademiuri
saqmianoba
saswavlo programebi (kurukulumi)
da saswavlo kursebis gegmebi (silabusebi) Sedgenilia ganaTlebis saministros
ganaTlebis xarisxis ganviTarebis erovnuli centris rekomendaciebis gaTvaliswinebiT da savsebiT Seesabameba departamentis winaSe dasaxuli amocanis,
konkurentunariani specialistebis momzadebis, Sesrulebas.
dagegmilia, yovelwliurad, samarT-
lis specialobis kursdamTavrebulebTan Sexvedrebi, romlis mizanic aris maTi saganmanaTleblo programebis ganviTarebisa da ganaxlebis procesSi CarTva.
aseve dagegmilia kursdamTavrebulTa
asociaciis dafuZneba.
sajaro gamosvlebisa da kritikuli
azrovnebisaTvis aucilebeli unar-Cvevebis gamomuSavebis mizniT leqcia-seminarebis (jgufSi muSaobis) garda tardeba diskusiebi, debatebi da paeqrobani
sxvadasxva Temaze. amisaTvis departamen-
dac iuristisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli
praqtikuli unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebis
mizniT tardeba mecadineobebi praqtikos advokatebTan erTad. klinikasTan
dakavSirebiT minda giTxraT, rom universitetis TanamSromlebs samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis mogvarebaSi ufasod moemsaxurebian Cveni studentebi.
dagegmili gvaqvs 2014 wlidan kriminalistikuri laboratoriis gaxsna. intensiuri samuSaoebi am mimarTulebiT
ukve mimdinareobs.
II. studentTa momavali
dasaqmebisaTvis gaweuli
saqmianoba
studentTa mier gakeTebuli arCevanis ganmtkicebisa da momavali saqmianobis Sesaxeb informaciis gacnobis mizniT
dagegmili gvaqvs Semdegi Sexvedrebi da
eqskursiebi:
a) saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis aWaris filiaSi;
b) saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros, aWaris mtavari sammarTvelos
warmomadgenlebTan;
g) saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi;
d) iusticiis saxlSi;
e) saqarTvelos finansTa saministros
sagamomZiebo samsaxuris warmomadgenlebTan;
iuridiul mecnierebaTa
departamenti realoba da perspeqtiva
tTan arsebobs saimitacio sasamarTlo
darbazi, sadac aseve imarTeba imitirebuli sasamarTlo procesebi `swavlebakeTebiT~ meTodis gamoyenebiT.
gansakuTrebuli Rirsebis grZnobiT
minda aRvniSno Cveni studentebis warmatebuli gamosvla saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi olimpiadaze
axalgazrda iuristi konstituciuri
uflebebisTvis, sadac mesame kursis
studentebi Tamar surmaniZe da giga
fartenaZe sakonstitucio sasamarTlos
rCeul gundad dasaxelda. isini daitoves sasamarTloSi sam Tvian anazRaurebad staJirebaze.
iuridiul mecnierebaTa departamentTan moqmedebs iuridiuli klinika, sa-
v) aWaris prokuraturis warmomadgenlebTan;
z) aWaris mTavrobis warmomadgenlebTan;
T) aWaris umaRles sabWoSi.
III. studentTa SemoqmedebiTi
da sportuli xasiaTis
RonisZiebani
profesor omar fartenaZis iniciativiT 1996 wels daarsda iuristis dRe, romelic aRiniSneba yoveli wlis 25 maiss. am
dRisadmi miZRvnilia sxvadasxva saxis
sportuli da kulturuli RonisZieba
Catardeba eqskursiebi saqarTveloSi
arsebuli RirSesaniSnaobebis dasaTvaliereblad da Cveni kuTxeebis ukeT gacnobis mizniT.
5
IV. samecniero saqmianoba
samecniero saqmianobac ori mimarTulebiT warimarTeba, studentTa samecniero saqmianoba da profesor - maswavlebelTa samecniero saqmianoba. studentebs daurigdaT Tematika momavali samecniero konferenciisa da sareferato
konkursisaTvis, romlebic meore semestrSi gaimarTeba.
sistematurad tardeba iuridiul
mecnierebaTa departamentTan arsebuli
samecniero klubis (mecnier xelmZRvaneli profesori omar fartenaZe) sxdomebi, romlebzec xdeba studentTa sareferato da samecniero konferenciebze
warsadgeni moxsenebebis Sefaseba-SerCeva.
iuridiul mecnierebaTa departamenti muSaobs da ikvlevs qarTuli samarTlis Teoriisa da praqtikis aqtualur
problemebs. Cveni azriT, kvlevis Sedegebi xels Seuwyobs saqarTveloSi samarTlebrivi reformis ganxorcielebasa da
samarTlis swavlebis procesis gaumjobesebas.
2014 wlidan dagegmilia departamentTan samecniero-praqtikuli Jurnalis
`samarTlis macne~ daarseba da gamocema.
gansakuTrebiT minda xazi gavusva
im garemoebas, rom gamocdebis erovnuli centris (naec.ge) veb-gverdze gamoqveynebul abiturientTa registraciis Sedegebis mixedviT, 2013 wlis monacemebiT rsu-s samarTalmcodneobis
sabakalavro programa, saqarTvelos
umaRlesi saswavleblebis 17 samarTlis programas Soris, pirveli ganacxadebis mixedviT, yvelaze maRali konkursis mqone programa aRmoCnda, ese
igi, Cveni programa saqarTveloSi yvelaze metad moTxovnadia.
specialobis Tavisufali ganviTarebisa da winsvlisaTvis aucilebelia
iuridiuli fakultetis calke arseboba, rogorc perspeqtiuli, moTxovnadi
da regulirebadi specialoba, unda arsebobdes damoukideblad. am mxrivac
dawyebulia mosamzadebeli samuSaoebi.
Sevecade mokled gadmomeca iuridiul mecnierebaTa departamentis winaSe dasaxuli is miznebi da gegmebi,
romlis ganxorcielebis didi survili
gagvaCnia da romlis Semdegac gadavalT ganviTarebis axal etapze.
omar fartenaZe,
iuridiul mecnierebaTa
departamentis xelmZRvaneli,
profesori
adamianebi ibadebian, izrdebian da berdebian...
qvelmoqmedeba am qveynad yvelaze keTili saqmea. swored am mizniT, 2013 wlis
26 dekembers baTumis saxelmwifo universitetis ganaTlebis fakultetis
dawyebiTi specialobis pirveli kursis
studentebma kursis kuratorTan, asistent-profesor darejan gelaZesTan erTad movawyveT aqcia baTumis wminda ekaterines saxelobis saTnoebis savaneSi.
Cven moxucebs tkbileuli mivarTviT,
specialurad maTTvis momzadebuli gasarTobi programiT vewvieT da mivuloceT damdegi Soba-axali weli.
baTumis wminda mowame ekaterines saxelobis savane daarsda 1995 wels 5
marts, meufe dimitris ZalisxmeviT, amJamad dawesebulebis xelmZRvanelia mama
ioane baramiZe. savaneSi funqcionirebs
wminda ekaterines saxelobis taZari, sadac yovel SabaT-kviras aRevlineba wirva-locva. am droisaTvis savaneSi 115 xandazmuli cxovrobs.
saTnoebis savanes mizania mzrunveloba ar moakldes miusafar moxucebs,
romlebsac Tanadgoma sWirdebaT. aq Seqmnilia yvela piroba imisaTvis, rom maT
Tavi igrZnon kargad, moipovon sulieri
simSvide da ojaxuri siTbo.
Cven gavesaubreT ramdenime maTgans.
isini Tvalze cremlmoreulni ixsenebdnen TavianT warsuls.
gogitiZe naTela - 69 wlisaa. is eqvsi
Svilis dedaa. mas gardacvlili hyavs meuRle da ori Svili. ambobs, rom saTnoebis saxlSi SvilebTan ukmayofilebis
gamo cxovrobs. aq ki man ipova siTbo da
Tanadgoma. misi survilia dedis amagi
aravin daiviwyos.
konstantine buiRliSvili 53 wlisaa,
hyavs 2 Svili _ qal-vaJi. oriveni daojaxebulebi arian. meuRle yovel sam dReSi naxulobs, xSirad ekontaqtebian Svilebi da
SviliSvilebi. insultis Sedegad SezRuduli aqvs moZraobis unari. mas erTaderTi natvna aqvs, SeZlos fexze dadgoma.
beriki komaxiZe 51 wlisaa. igi mecxre
axal wels xvdeba saTnoebis saxlSi. mas
erTi gogona da ori SviliSvili hyavs. mama-Svili telefoniT xSirad saubroben,
fizikurad ki 9 wlis ganmavlobaSi mxolod orjer Sexvdnen erTmaneTs. misi saaxalwlo natvraa – naxos pirveli SviliSvili.
TiToeuli maTgani aq axloblebma moiyvanes, magram isini mainc cdiloben maT
gamarTlebas da yovelTvis siTboTi ixseneben. ra gind gasaocaric ar unda
iyos, zogierTebi amayoben kidec Svilebis warmatebebiT.
moxucebuloba sicocxlis bolo etapia da gamorCeuli imiTaa, rom am dros
ukve SeiZleba gadaxedo Sens warsuls da
naxo, Tu rogori iyo Seni cxovrebis azri
da mizani, rogor Seasrule uflis mier
dakisrebuli movaleoba.
moxucebis metyveli Tvalebi cdiloben mudam siTbo gascen. danaoWebuli
Subli gvamcnobs, rom maTSi Tavi mouyria cxovrebis gamocdilebas, rom isini
sxvebze ukeT icnoben am wuTisofels, es
aris etapi, roca adamiani RmerTTan siaxloves ukeT grZnobs da yvelaze metad
afasebs sicocxles, mis yovel dRes, wuTsa da wams.
saTnoebis saxlSi mcxovrebi moxucebi gansakuTrebuli madlierebiT ixseneben mama ioanes.
nuTu rTulia gamovxatoT siTbo im
adamianebis mimarT, romlebmac cxovreba
Cvens aRzrdasa da mzrunvelobaSi gaatares?
Cven aucileblad davberdebiT!
mariam kamkamiZe
xatia memarne
6
ianvari
26 ianvari (8 Tebervali) daviT aRmaSeneblis xsenebis dRea
jemal karaliZe
saqarTvelos mravalsaukunovan istoriaSi uxvad gvyavs qveynisaTvis Tavdadebuli mefeebi, romelTa niWma da Tavganwirvam gansazRvra qarTvel ers gaeZlo urTulesi gansacdelisaTvis. ara
marto gaeZlo da gadarCeniliyo,
aramed Seeqmna mdidari da TviTmyofadi kultura. qarTvel mefeTa kabadonze gansakuTrebuli
brwyinvalebiT gamoirCeva daviT
IV aRmaSenebeli.
aRmaSenebeli-es sapatio wodeba saqarTvelos istoriaSi mxolod
daviT IV xvda wilad. Tu ratom, ase
xsnis vaxuSti batoniSvili: `xolo
mefesa daviTs amisTvis ewoda aRmaSenebeli, rameTu odes iqmna mefed,
iyo qveyana ese sruliad oxeri. aman
ganavsna da aRaSenna, romel arRara
eteoda amiT, rameTu iyo moSiSi da
moyvare RvTisa, glaxakTa, qurivTa
da obolTa mowyale, sneulTa
TviTmsaxuri, eklesiaTa, qsenonTa
maSenebeli~. vfiqrobT Rrma da yovelmxriv amomwuravi pasuxia gacemuli. `aRmaSenebeli~ pirvelad
wyaroSi gvxvdeba XV s-dan, kerZod
1452 sasisxlo dokumentSi – avSandaZeebisadmi naTqvamia, rom `rodes aRmaSenebeli gelaTs aSenebda~, gadmovardnila, damtvreula
da avSandaZeebs mourCeniaT.
XI saukunis 80-iani wlebis ekonomikurad daqveiTebul da politikurad dasustebul saqarTvelos moevlina pirovneba, romelmac moaxerxa daqsaqsuli mosaxleobis SekavSireba, momxduri mtris
damarcxeba da qveynis aRmavlobis
gzaze dayeneba. daviTi garegnuli
niSnebiTac xiblavda yvelas _ `igi
Suenier xatiTa, uSuenieres morTulobiTa guamisTa, Sewyobil
anagebiTa da axovan taniTa~ – es
is SemTxveva iyo, rodesac bunebam
adamianis fizikuri da gonebrivi
sikeTis universaluri Serwyma moaxdina. daviTis gamefebas mohyva
didi gardaqmnebi da aRmSenebloba.
XII saukunis pirveli meoTxedis politikurad gaerTianebuli da gaZlierebuli saqarTvelos ekonomika da kultura WeSmaritad aRmSeneblobis, aRorZinebis gzas daadga
da sruliad bunebrivia, rom am
procesis Semomqmedi daviT IV STamomavlobam aRmaSeneblad aRiara,
xolo saqarTvelos marTlmadidebelma eklesiam igi wmindanad Seracxa da misi xsenebis dRed 26 ianvari (axali stiliT 8 Tebervali)
daawesa.
mZime memkvidreoba xvda wilad
Tevqsmeti wlis daviTs, Turq-selCukebisagan aklebuli qveyana,
mTebSi gaxiznuli da damSeuli mosaxleoba, dacarielebuli cixe-qalaqebi da soflebi: `mooxrebul
iyo qarTli da Tvinier cixeTa sadame ara sada iyo kaci sofelsa Sina, arcara Senebuloba~. amasTanave
,,qalaqi tfilisi, rusTavi, samSuilde, agarani TurqTa hqondes”.
mxolod `TrialeTi da klde-karni da mimdgomni queyana maTi liparits” eWira. raki qveyana mooxrebuli iyo, qarTlis Walakebi da
naWarmagevi nadirTa bunagad iqca, `aRsavse iyo iremTa da eSuTa
mier”. amasTan qarTlSi Turqebi
daZrwodnen, xolo `zamTrisave
mowevnisa falangebiTa maTiTa Camodgian havWalasa da diRuams
CaRmarT mtkurisa da ioris pirTa, rameTu maTi iyo sadgomi”.
mTeli qveyana misCereboda
Wabuk mefes. erTgulni loculobdnen misi gamarjvebisaTvis,
orgulni natrobdnen mis sabediswero Secdomebs. daviTis gamefebiT iwyeba axali xana saqarTvelos
istoriaSi ,,amieriTgan iwyes niavTa cxovrebisaTa mobervad da RrubelTa macxovarebisaTa aRmoWrobad, vinaTgan aTormet wel amaT
TviTo saxeTa WirTa gangrZobiTa
medebis meti araferi ixsnida.
unda amoqmedebuliyo yvela Zala, fiqri, ocneba, fantazia, amoqmedebuliyo glexi, aznauri, didgvarovani, eklesia. pirvelyovlisa,
samefo kari! iwvrTneboda ra eris
Tvisebebi, isjebodnen ra moRalateni, mkvidrdeboda Seuvali neba
da am gawvrTnili erisa da mxedrobis energia wuTis moucdenlad
unda gacxadebuliyo moqmedebaSi.
daviT aRmaRenebeli dRidan
gamefebisa gardacvalebamde xmalamowvdili idga saqarTvelos
interesebis sadarajoze da misi
laSqaric lariviT moziduli
eloda mters, ar hqonda Zili da
mosveneba.
selCukian TurqTa winaaRmdeg
erTiani frontiT gamosvlisaTvis
aucilebeli iyo qveynis SigniT
wesrigis damyareba, urCi feodalebis alagmva. daviT mefe darw-
(1103 w.). baRvaSTa da abuleTisZeTa
bedi samagaliTo iyo separatistulad ganwyobili sxva didgvariani
feodalebisaTvis, romelTac dainaxes, rom mefe uswordeboda meamboxe, urC feodalebs.
rodesac daviT aRmaSenebelma
daamarcxa didgvarovani mowinaRmdegeebi, 1099 wels selCukTa sulTans xarkis micema Seuwyvita. igi
yovelmxriv cdilobda saqveynod
gamrige xelisufalni-erisTavebi
centraluri mmarTvelobisaTvis
daeqvemdebarebina. 1104 wels erTian samefos hereTi da kaxeTi SemouerTa. kaxeT-hereTis didebulebma:
ariSianma, baramma da qavTar baramisZem Seipyres `kaxTa mefed xsenebuli aRsarTan” da mefe daviTs
migvares.
separatizmis mosurne da mefis
mowinaaRmdegeebi aSkarad Tu farulad ibrZodnen. rogorc ki na-
brZolaSi. igi ar hgavda sxva mxedarTufrosebs, romlebic laSqars zurgiT edgnen da iqedan aZlevdnen gankargulebebs meomrebs.
daviT aRmaSenebeli goliaTiviT
win miimarTeboda da Tavisi Zlieri, mtkice mklaviT musrs avlebda
mters. ,,xolo TviT mefe ara Tu
viTarca sxua vinme zurgiT udga
oden spaTa TvisTa, anu SoriT
uzaxebda, viTarca erTi mTavarTagani vinme, aramed upirveles yovlisa TviT wina uvidoda da viTa
lomi Seuzaxebda qmiTa maRliTa
da viTa grigali mi-da-mo iqceoda”( ,,qarTlis cxovreba”). misi
xmlidan ukumomdinare sisxlma
ubeebi auvso ise, rom omis damTavrebis Semdeg, roca sartyeli Seixsna, es dagubebuli sisxli gadmoiRvara. mxilvelni Tavidan SeeWvebulan, mefe xom ar daWrilao. im
dRes daviT aRmaSenebels sami cxe-
daviT IV aRmaSenebeli
`bnelsa ukunsa Sina iwyo aRmociskrebad mzeman yovelTa mefobaTaman, didman
saxeliTa da udidesman saqmiTa”
daviTis istorikosi
bnelsa ukunsa Sina iwyo aRmociskrebad mzeman yovelTa mefobaTaman, didman saxeliTa da udidesman
saqmiTa, saxelmodgmaman, daviT”ase agviwers daviT aRmaSeneblis
gamefebas misi istorikosi.
saqarTvelos samefo imdenad
dakninebuliyo, rom misi mefis uflebebi mxolod dasavleT saqarTveloze vrceldeboda: ,,sazRvari
samefosa mTa mcire lixTa...da sadgomi samefo waRulisTavi”. upirveles yovlisa qveyana unda moSenebuliyo da mefes gabneuli da daqsaqsuli qveSevrdomebi Semoekriba, Semdeg ki qarTveli eris Zalisxmeva waremarTa selCukianTa gansadevnad. daviT aRmaSenebelma
amiT daiwyo. Semoikriba Tavisi erTgulebi, raTa maTi mxardaWeriT
warmatebiT waremarTa qveynis saqmeebi. axalgazrda mefe Tavs uyrida erTgul mxedarTa razmebs. am
molaSqreebiT esxmoda Tavs TurqselCukebs, amarcxebda maT da amiT
mtris SiSiT mTebSi gaxiznul qarTvel mosaxleobas barad Camosvlis pirobebs uqmnida. daviT aRmaSenebelma selCukebs aRukveTa qveyanaSi Tavisufali TareSis saSualeba. es warmatebebi qarTvel
xalxs unergavda mterze gamrjvebis imeds, sakuTari Zalebis rwmenas. qveyana TandaTan daubrunda
intensiur soflis meurneobas, daiwyo qalaqebis aRorZineba.
aucileblad unda aRiniSnos
didi daviTis mTeli moRvaweobisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli gansakuTrebuli Strixi. daviT aRmaSeneblis moqmedebas da moRvaweobas
saocari Tanamimdevroba axasiaTebs. Tanamimdevrobis Sinaarsi
mis moRvaweobaSi moicavs paralelurobasac - daviT aRmaSenebli
ramdenime
mniSvnelovan saqmes
erTmaneTis paralelurad akeTebda. es paraleluri xazebi erTi
wamiTac ar arRveven Tanamimdevrobis Sinaarss. ra saqmeebis gakeTeba SeiZleboda erTmaneTis paralelurad, - gansakuTrebul yuradRebas uTmobda am sagans axalgazrda mefe. misi mizani iyo dro
maqsimalurad gamoeyenebina.
daviT aRmaSenebelma Rrmad
iwama, rom saqarTvelos maSin moq-
munebuli iyo, rom
baRvaSebi da sxva didgvarovnebic Tavisas
ar moiSlidnen, amitom
gadadga erTi SexedviT ucnaur nabiji.
pirvelive RalatisaTvis ar dasaja sikvdiliT an gaZevebiT:,,amas
ra eseviTarebasa xedvida daviT, ineba gawurTa misi. imisTvisca
pyrobil yo igi Jam raodenme, romeli kma
iyo gansaswavlelad
gonierisa visme.”mTeli xelovneba ikiTxeba
daviTis politikisa am
faqtSi. eris Tvalwin
xdeba yovelive. qarTveli kacis dasja ar
aris mefis survili, Tuki gawvrTna moxerxdeba.
daapatimra lipariti . RmerTi
moiSvelia `Suamdgomelad~ liparitma, fici dado xalxisa da mefis winaSe. mefem pativiT daabruna Tavis saerisTavoSi – araferi daaklo, Zveleburi dideba SeunarCuna. demokratiis ufro Rrma
gageba SeuZlebelia. exla liparit baRvaSze iyo yvelaferi damokidebuli, SeZlebda Tu ara am
pativis dafasebas, mefis erTgulebas da qveynis uangaro samsaxurs. rac mTavaria, mTelma qveyanam dainaxa, rogor moeqca mefe
orgul ymas.samwuxarod liparitma ar moiSala orguloba. `ixila ra
mSvidman da RmrTiv gabrZnobilman mefeman daviT, rameTu kudi
ZaRlisa ar ganemarTebis, arca
kirCxibi marTlad vals, meore
welsa kualad Seipyra, or wel
pyrobil yo, da saberZneTs gagzavna”. qveynis winaSe gaaSiSvla
daviT aRmaSenebelma moRalate
didgvarovnis buneba. 1096 wels,
mefem liparit baRvaSi gaaZeva saqarTvelodan, xolo 1103 wls, rodesac gardaicvala liparitis Svili rati, saerTod gaauqma kldekaris saerisTavo: ,,dasrulda saxli
baRviSTa, saxli ganmamwarebelTa”,
– wers daviTis istorikosi. aseve
gausworda moRalate abuleTisZeTa saxls _ Zagans da modistoss
xes, rom kaxeTi da hereTi saqarTvelos mefis xeldebuli da erTiani qveynis Semadgeneli gaxda, daxmareba sTxoves ganZis aTabags, romelic TurqeTis sulTnis moxele
iyo. Seikriba sulTnis laSqari,
romelic daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosis TqmiT, Zalzed mravalricxovani yofila. aqve iyo ganZis
aTabagi Tavisi laSqriT da hereTkaxeTis didebulTa erTi nawili.
es metad didi Zala iyo da mas saTanado gamkvlaveba sWirdeboda. daviT aRmaSenebelma mterTan SedarebiT bevrad mcire laSqari gamoiyvana da rogorc misi istorikosi
gadmogvcems, erwuxTan Seeba
mters. mtris ricxobriv upiratesobas saqarTvelos samefo karma
kargad gawvrTnili laSqari da
patrioti, Tavganwiruli mebrZolebi daupirispira.
brZolis mxilveli daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosi gakvirvebulia qarTveli molaSqreebis momzadebiT da gmiruli SemarTebiT. igi
xatovnad gadmogvcems brZolis
simZafres: ,,erTi aTasTa ara Tu
sdevda, aramed xeliT ipyrobda da
orTa ara Tu wareqcivnes bevrni,
aramed samalaviTa TviT maTive
tyeTa da mTxreblTaT tyued mohyvandes igini yovelni”. ,,cxovreba
mefeT-mefe daviTisa” TvalsaCinod aRwers daviT aRmaSeneblis
uSualo monawileobas erwuxis
ni moukles da ,,meoTxes zeda
mjdomman srulyo mis dRisa
omi”.erwuxis brZolaSi (1104 w.) daviT aRmaSenebelma brwyinvale gamarjveba moipova. am gamarjvebis
Sedegad daviTma SeunarCuna saqarTvelos kaxeT-hereTi. aman didad
Seuwyo xeli saqarTvelos mier
farTomasStabiani ekonomikuri da
politikuri RonisZiebebis warmatebiT gatarebas, ramac saboloo
jamSi qveyana imdroindel wina aziasa da kavkasiaSi uZlieres saxelmwifod aqcia.
daviTi kargad xvdeboda, rom
qveynis cxovrebaSi gansakuTrebuli roli ekisreboda eklesias. is
unda gamxdariyo saqarTvelos
ideologiuri gaZlierebis mesaWe.
Tumca daviTis gamefebis droisaTvis qarTul eklesiaSic araerTi problema iyo gadasaWreli.
Swored am mizniT moiwvia daviTma
cnobili ruis-urbnisis saeklesio
kreba (1104 w.).
ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebam mtkiced daadgina saeklesio
wes-kanonebi, romelic mocemulia
am krebis mier miRebul dokumentSi, romelsac ,,Zeg-liswera’’ ewodeba. saeklesio Tanamdebobidan
gadaayenes da SeaCvenes yvela
,,uRirsad gamoCinebulni”. amieridan aikrZala dawinaureba wodebriobisa da memkvidreobis mixedviT. Tanamdebobaze iniSnebodnen
mxolod Rirseulni - niWierni, ganswavlulni, patiosanni, qveynis erTgulni. dakanonda samRvdelo
pirTa xeldasxmis wesi, ganisazRvra asaki, romlis uadres ar egeboda maTi xeldasxma: 35-weli episkoposTaTvis, 30 mRvdelTaTvis, 25diakonisaTvis, 8 – wignis mkiTxvelisaTvis. aikrZala xeldasxmiT
erTsa da imave dRes erTi xarisxidan pirdapir meore da mesame xarisxSi ayvana. es imas niSnavd, rom
saeklesio ierarqiul kibeze aRmasvla unda momxdariyo yvela saeklesio safexuris safuZvlianad
gavliT.
ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebis Semdeg mwignobarTuxucesis saxelo da Wyondidlis Tanamdeboba
gaerTianda. es umaRlesi Tanamdeboba mefem Caabara Tavis uaxloes
da uerTgules adamians, mis aRmzrdelsa da brwyinvale saxelmwifo
moRvawes giorgi Wyondidels.
daviT aRmaSenebelma warmatebiT ganaxorciela safuZvliani
samxedro reforma. qarTuli laSq-
ianvari
ris gawvrTnasTan da sakuTari
mudmivi laSqris SeqmnasTan erTad,
rac man taxtze asvlisTanave daiwyo, daviT aRmaSenebelma 11181120 w.w. Crdilo kavkasiidan yivCaRTa 40000 ojaxi Camoasaxla, daasaxla saqarTveloSi da TiToeul
ojaxs TiTo molaSqris gamoyvana
daakisra. amdenad, 40000 molaSqre
Seemata da ukve 1120 wlisaTvis
60000-iani mudmivi laSqari Seqmna.
amas garda daviT aRmaSenebels
hyavda xuTiaTasiani piradi gvardia ,,mona-spa”. qveynis laSqris erT
nawils Seadgendnen ,,samefosa spani’’. ,,samefos spani” daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosis TxzulebaSi
warmodgenilia, rogorc ,,rCeuli
da mokazmulni, cxenkeTilni da
pirSeuqcevelni”. gansakuTrebiT
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos laSqars emateboda ,,roqis
spa’’ – ucxoelTa daqiravebuli jari.
daviT aRmaSenebelma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miaqcia sasamarTlos. mis saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli sasamarTlo dawesebulebis saajo karis gardaqmna. saajo
kars
xelmZRvanelobda
mwignobaruxucesi-Wyondideli. igi
iyo ,,marTlmsajuli da xelisampyrobeli uRonoTa da qvrivTa”.
,,xelmwifis karis garigebaSi’’ xazgasmiTaa naTqvami: ,,Wyondideli
orSabaT dRes saajo karsa Sigan
dajdebis, obolTa da qvrivTa da
mimZlavrebulTa moCivarTa ganikiTxavs. daviT aRmaSeneblis droidan mokidebuli saajo kari uzenaes instancias warmoadgenda dabali safexuris sasamarTloebisaTvis.
daviT aRmaSeneblis mier gatarebulma RonisZiebebma mniSvnelovnad ganapirobes warmatebebi
qveynis politikuri,ekonomikuri
da kulturuli gaZlierebis saqmeSi.
alaparakda msoflio qarTvelTa siZliereze da aRzevebaze. laparakobdnen mtrebi – siZulviliT,
SiSiT da ZrwoliT, moyvrebi_
krZalviT, pativiT, aRtacebiT.
eZebdnen siaxloves, kavSirs, megobrobas, moyvrobas saqarTvelos
samefo saxleulTan.
Sirvanis Zlierma Sahma manuCehr II-em mowiwebiT sTxova daviTs
colad mieca misi ufrosi asuli
Tamari. damoyvreba moxda. Tamari
`aRmosavleTis dedofali Seiqmna”.
1071 wlidan, manazkertis did
brZolaSi Turq-selCukTagan ganadgurebis Semdeg, bizantielebi
aziaSi erTaderT samokavSireo Zalad erTmorwmune qarTvelobas
Tvlidnen. konstantinepolis sasaxlis kari axal-axal gzebs eZebda
saqarTvelos taxtis mflobelebTan dasaaxloeblad. bizantiis keisrebs gansakuTrebiT didi survilebi aRmoaCndaT daviT aRmaSenebelTan megobroba-moyvrobis. qarTveli mefec cdilobda Tavisi politikuri gavlena daemyarebina
saqristiano samyaros centrSi.
1118 wels daviT aRmaSenebelis meore asuli katai colad SeirTo bizantiis imperatoris aleqsi I komnenosis umcrosma vaJma isaakma. amgvarad, daviT aRmaSeneblis asulni ,,viTarca orni mnaTobni-erTi
aRmosavleTis, meore dasavleTisciskrovan hyofdnen sferosa mamisagan mimRebelni mzeebrTa SaravandedTani”.
daviTs mWidro urTierToba
hqonda jvarosnebTan. aRmaSeneblis mZlavri gamosvlebi swored
jvarosanTa pirveli aziuri laSqrobebis paralelurad mimdinareobda. aris cnobebi, rom frang raindTa TxovniT daviT aRmaSenebels Tavisi jarebi pirvel laSq-
robaSive miuSvelebia TurqTa xelidan siriisa da palestinis qalaqTa gamosaxsnelad.
1120 wlis 7 maiss qarTvelebma
daiwyes Seteva aRmosavleT kavkasionis samxreT teritoriebze. aq
maT aiRes yvela mniSvnelovani cixe-simagre. imave, 1120 zafxulsa da
Semodgomaze qarTvelebma kidev
ramdenimejer daamarcxes Turqebi
iransa da somxeTSi. noemberSi da-
mimarTa mahmadianebs ,,vinc ki sadme
iyo damaskodan da alepodan mokidebuli’’ monawileoba mieRo saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg omSi.
koaliciuri laSqris raodenoba somexi istorikosis maTeos urhaecis mixedviT Seadgenda 560000
kacs. antioqiis samTavros kancleris, frangi goties cnobiT, mahmadian molaSqreTa ricxvi 600000-s
aRwevda. ivane javaxiSvili miiCnev-
viTi samxreT-dasavleTisaken gaeSura. mis Setevas unda aRekveTa
alepoeli sulTnis ilRazis mier
ganzraxuli laSqrobani balduinis jvarosnul samflobeloTa dasapyrobad.
1121 weli mZime zamTriT dadga.
ganuwyvetliv Tovda - ,,gardanakveTsa Tovlisa aqunda simaRle mxari sami’’. biWvinTas Casuliyo daviT
aRmaSenebeli da afxazeTis saqmeebs ganagebda. isev moiWrnen mstovrebi: Turqebs ufiqriaT, sanam daviTi Sorsaa da afxazeTidan esoden did TovlSi Camogviswrebdes,
manam qarTlis aoxrebas movaswrebTo da ,,guldebiT’’ wamosulan
mtkvris xeobisken saswrafod wamovida ,,lomi igi” afxazeTidan ,,TovliTa saSineliTa’’. lixis mTaze
TviTon gauZRva niCbiT xelSi jarsa da xalxs, Tovli gadaTxara, gza
gadaikvala da qarTls gadavida. aq
ukve gamzadebuli qarTlelTa jaric SeierTa da fexmalad gaeSura
xunanisaken. aq, xunanis garSemo,
algeTis, berdujisa da mtkvris Sesayari auzi sruliad aRevso TurqTa karvebs. isev daeca daviT mefe
mters mZvinvared. qarTvelebma
Turqebi ,,ise mosres piriTa maxvilisaTa, romel ara dauSTa mTxrobi ambavisa’’.
1120-1121 wleebSi qarTvelTa
Zlevamosilma laSqrobebma xeli
gauxsnes TurqTagan daSinebul
jvarosnebs. balduinma samxreTidan, palestinidan warmatebiT wamoiwyo Setevebi ilRazis samflobeloebze.
qarTveli eris samarTliani
brZolebis istoriaSi erT-erTi
yvelaze mniSvnelovani adgili ukavia didgoris brZolas. cnobebi am
brZolis Sesaxeb da agreTve misi
Sefaseba gvxvdeba rogorc qarTvel, ise ucxoel istorikosTa naSromebSi.
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos gaZlierebiTa da gaaqtiurebiT SeSfoTebuli iyvnen mahmadiani mflobelebic, romlebic saTanado moments ucdidnen mis winaaRmdeg gamosalaSqreblad.
mahmadianTa gaerTianebuli
laSqris saqarTveloze Tavdasxmis
iniciatori da organizatori erayis selCukianTa gamgebeli, sulTani mahmud muhamedis Ze yofila. man
da, rom mtris laSqari didgoris
brZolisas 300000 meomrisagan Sedgeboda. daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosi sagangebod
miuTiTebs,
rom mtrebi ,,SeiTqunes simravliTa viTarca qviSa”, ,,aRivso queyana”, rom ,,ferxTa zeda ver eteodes amaT adgilTa”. al-fariki miuTiTebs, rom ,,did laSqars mouyares” Tavio, maTe urhaeli ricxvis
dasaxelebasTan erTad sagangebod
aRniSnavs, rom ,,saSineli simravliT Sevidnen qarTvelTa qveyanaSi”.
goties cnobiT, daviT aRmaSenebeli 80000 mxedriT Seegeba
mters sabrZolvelad. es monacemi
gazviadebuli Cans. ufro damajerebelia maTeos urhaecis sakmaod
detaluri cnoba saqarTvelos
laSqris raodenobis Sesaxeb. Somexi istorikosis mixedviT, daviT
aRmaSenebelma didgoris brZolaSi
saomrad gaiyvana 55600 molaSqre,
aqedan 40000 qarTveli, 15000 yivCaRi, 500 alani da 100 evropeli meo-
aramcTu eSmakis uricxv mimdevarTa, aramed TviT eSmakebsac advilad davamarcxebT. da erTs rasme
girCevT, rac Cveni patiosnebisa da
sargeblobisaTvis kargi iqneba.
Cven yvelam, xelebis cisken apyrobiT, Zlier RmerTs aRTqma mivceT,
rom misi siyvarulisaTvis am brZolis velze davixocebiT da ar gaviqceviT da raTa ar SegveZlos gaqceva, kidec rom movindomoT am xeobis Sesavali, romliTac SemovsulvarT, xeTa xSiri xorgebiT SevkariT da mters, roca mogviaxlovdeba Cvenze ieriSis misatanad,
mtkice guliT daundoblad SevutioT”.
1121 wlis 12 agvisto, RvTismSoblis marxvis xuTSabaTi. im dRes
Turq-selCukebi brZolis dawyebas
TiTqos arc elodnen. daviTma
brZolis win ucnaur xerxs mimarTa. qarTvelTa banaks 200 meomari
gamoeyo da TurqTa banakisaken
guldagul gaeSura. raki imaTgan
umravlesoba Turqebma yivCaRebad
Seicnes, qarTvelTa moRalateebad
da maTgan gamoqceulebad da Tavis
Sua ganlagebaSi dandobilad SeuSves. maT uecrad iaraRi gamarTes
da Turqebs gasaocari TavzexelaRebulebiT daerivnen sanam Turqebi gons movidodnen, TviTon daviTma ficxel ieriSze afrina qarTvelTa ZiriTadi Zalebi.
saSineli xocva-Jleta Tavidanve qarTvelTa ZlevamosilebiT warimarTa. gadamwyvet Jams brZolaSi
flangidan CaerTo qarTveli mxedrobis sagangebo nawili, romelsac
daviTis mamaci vaJi ufliswuli
demetre miuZRoda.
didgoris omi qarTvelTa ZlevamosilebiT damTavrda. daviT mefes xelT epyra mraval gamarjvebaTa Soris ubrwyinvalesi saomari
kverTxi. TurqTa uzarmazari armia
TiTqmis sruliad gawyda: ,,aRivsnes velni maTni da Releni mZorebiTa”. xolo vinc gaqceva moaswro,
imaT rva dRe sdies cxenosanma qarTvelebma. manam sdies, sanam saqarTvelosa da somxeTis saZRvrebidan
ar gadarekes.
sikvdils Zlivs gadaurCa TviTon TurqTa mTavarsardali ilRazi. igi TavSi mZimed daWrili, TviTon gaqceuli da Tavlafdasxmuli, siZis, durbeizis daxmarebiT,
didis vai-vaglaxiT gaiyvanes samSvidobos.
didgori anu rogorc mas mema-
mari. daviT aRmaSeneblis mier didgoris velze gamoyvanili laSqris
udides umravlesobas qarTvelebi
Seadgendnen.
Turq-selCukebis koaliciur
jarsa da daviT aRmaSeneblis laSqars Soris generaluri brZola
didgorTan gaimarTa. goties cnobiT, daviT aRmaSenebelma brZolis
dawyebis win mgznebare mowodebiT
mimarTa Tavis laSqars: ,,meomaro
qristesano. Tu RvTis sjulis dasacavad TavdadebiT vibrZolebT,
tiane uwodebs ,,Zlevai sakvirveli’’, Seiqmna prologi momdevno
fexbednieri movlenisa, Tbilisis
daxsnisa da saqarTvelos sruli
gaTavisufleba-gaerTianebisa.
didgori istoriaSi darCa viTarca
uzenaesi simbolo qarTvelTa uebro gmirobisa da maradiuli ukvdavebisa.
didgoris omis Semdeg daviTi
Zlevamosili qarTuli laSqriT
pardapir Tbiliss miadga. qalaqis
muslimanurma xelisuflebam uari
7
Tqva danebebaze. da 1122 wlis damdegs Tbilisi ieriSiT aiRo daviT
aRmaSenebelma.
qalaqis musliman mesveurTa
ugunuri sijiutiT ganrisxebulma
mefem urCni sikvdiliT dasaja. mere, Cveuli didsulovnebiT guli
daicxro, damSeuli da daSinebuli
mosaxleoba daapura, daamSvida da
daabruna Tavis fuZeze. qalaqis
mosaxleoba Wreli iyo erovnulad
da sarwmunoebrivad. upirvelesad
amas miaqcia yuradReba. daviTma gadasaxadebic gansxvavebuli dauwesa qalaqis mcxovrebT. qristianebi
yovelwliurad ixdidnen 5 dinars,
ebraelebi 4, muslimanebi ki 3 dinars.
1123 wels daviTma aiRo qalaqi
dmanisi da amiT saqarTvelos gaerTianeba savsebiT daasrula. yvela
qarTuli miwa ukve saqarTvelos
sazRvrebSi iyo. erTiani saqarTvelos samefo rezidencia daviT aRmaSenebelma quTaTisidan TbilisSi
gadaitana.
amis Semdeg daviT aRmaSenebelma gaaTavisufla Sirvani 1123 wels
da anisi 1124 wels.
daviT aRmaSeneblis znemaRali
kulturuli moRvaweobis simbolo
Seiqmna misgan 1106 wels aSenebuli
gelaTi ,,aw winamdebare ars yovlisa aRmosavlisa meore ierusalemad, saswavlod yovlisa keTilisad, moZRurad swavlulebisad,
sxuad aTinad, friad uaRress missa’’. mefe TviTon iyo taZrisa da
akademiis mTavari xuroTmoZRvaric, upirvelesi qvisostatic.
daviTma gelaTSi samoRvaweod
moiyvana da ,,daamkvidra’’ gamoCenili qarTveli filosofosebi da moazrovneni – maT Soris, arseni-SemdgomSi iyalToeli.
daviT aRmaSenebeli bevrs zrunavda saqarTvelos gareT arsebul
qarTul savaneebze.
daucxromlad zrunavda mefe
axalgazrda TanamemamuleTa aRzrdisaTvis. Jamidan Jamze Wabuk qarTvelebs agzavnida ucxoeTis kulturul centrebSi saswavlad da
,,sawurTnelad’’.
daviT aRmaSeneblis saxeli
da dideba Sors iyo gavardnili,
mis Sesaxeb legendebi dadioda maSindel msoflioSi. Tumca arc sicocxlis Semdeg moklebia Saravandedi. mTeli imdroindeli samyaro, vis yuramdec mivida saqarTvelos mefis Zlevamosilebisa da
pirovnuli Rirsebebis
ambavi,
Tvalyurs adevnebda mefis cxovrebas da moqmedebas - ,,rameTu
sitkboebisa, saxierebisa da sibrZnisa misisa xilvad wyurielni kidiT queyanisaT Semokrbebodes
winaSe missa”.
daviT aRmaSeneblis gamWriaxma politikam, misma gegmazomierma
da mizanswrafulma saqmianobam
,,daamSvida queyana, aRivso da gardaeca yovliTa keTiliTa, ganavso
da aRaSena yoveli oÃer-qmnili. da
gardaemata yovelTa
JamiTa
mSÂidobaTa da simdidriTa samefo
Cueni”.
1125 wlis 24 ianvars gardaicvala daviT aRmaSenebeli, ormocdacameti wlisa. gamefda Teqvsmeti
wlisa, imefa ocdaTeqvsmeti weli.
daviT aRmaSenebeli ,,mesiis maxvilad” Seracxuli, ,,mefe afxazTa,
qarTvelTa, ranTa, kaxTa, somexTa,
SirvanSa da SahanSa” dakrZalulia
mis mierve agebul da samefo saZvaled dadgenil gelaTis monasterSi. qvis filaze, romelic monastris Zveli, CrdiloeTis Sesasvlelis iatakzea dagebuli, daviT aRmaSeneblis aseTi warweraa: ,,ese ars
gansasuenebeli Cemi ukuniTi ukunisamde, ese mTnavs, aqa davemkvidro me”.
8
ianvari
winavelas da namwvarevis qedis
ferdobebze cicaqalas mZivebiviT Semortymulia cinareTi, jabnieTi, tbeTi, gogieTi, wablana da samoleTi.
iriJraJebs Tu ara, mzis oqrosferi
sxivebi gomans amoanaTebs da uCambis
xeobaSi, aisze, cincxal diliT pirvelad cinareTs swvdeba. muxnar-rcxilnarebis da wiflnarebis alyaSi moqceul soflis garemos, mTel dRes, daisamde, sanam winavelas ukan ar Cacurdeba oqrosferi birTvi, macocxlebeli energiiT avsebs. Ramis cis dedofalis - mTvaris Suqic aq gansakuTrebuli sikaSkaSiT anaTebs da kacs hgonia,
sofels idumali naTeba efinebao. sicocxlis mravalferovnebiT savse amgvar adgilsamyofelSi ukeT ikveTeba
adamianSi imTaviTve kodirebuli amaRlebisaken swrafva.. rogorc Cans,
amitomacaa ganTqmuli cinareTi Zveli da axali Taobis moRvaweebiT, sanaqebo pedagogebiT, gulisxmieri eqimebiT da cnobili mecnierebiT. am ukanasknelTa Sorisaa gamoCenili mkvlevari-genetikosi, profesori anzor
diasamiZe.
Svid-naxevari aTeuli wlis win,
mTis CaxCaxa zafxulis pirvel TveSi –
1939 wlis 15 ivniss diasamiZeebis
ojaxSi vaJi daibada. mTieli kaci vaJiSvilis dabadebas didi sixaruliT
xvdeba, ojaxs jilRis damWeri da
iaraRis matarebeli emateba. pirveli
vaJiSvilis gaCenam upirvelesad mSoblebi gaaxara: warmosadegi, muyaiTi,
guliTadi, gambedavi mama osmani da
deda - Suaxeveli daviTaZeebisaTvis
damaxasiaTebeli TeTri, vardisfrad
Sefakluli saxis qalbatoni fatyum
daviTaZe. patara biWi anzori, deduleTSi izrdeboda, is xom didi SirinaRa daviTaZis SvilTaSvilis Svilia.
ara marto genebma, aramed aRzrdamac
daaCnia Tavisi kvali anzor diasamiZes. iqve, oRrialSi miiRo pirveldawyebiTi ganaTleba, magram qalbatoni fati ver imetebda Tavis pataras 1012 km-iT daSorebul saSualo skolaSi
gasagzavnad. Znelze Zneli iyo zamTar-zafxul, yoveldRiurad soflidan kanionismagvari xeobis, mTis ferdobebis gavliT, mis ZirSi, siRrmeSi,
mdinaris piras mdebare, SuaxevSi siaruli. swavlis erTi weli gaucda niWier biWs. `Tu ara madliani kacis xeli, rogorc aRniSnavs batoni anzori misi
maswavleblisa da saxelmoxveWili direqtorisadmi vaxtang makaraZisadmi
saiubileod miZRvnil werilSi, - sayovelTao savaldebulo Svidwliani
swavlebis kanonis miuxedavad, mTis
mkacr pirobebSi skolis gareSe davrCebodio. is Suaxevis saSualo skolasTan arsebul internatSi cxovrobda
skolis dasrulebamde. 1958 wels warCinebiT (medalze) daamTavra skola da
batoni vaxtangisave rCeva-darigebawaqezebiT Tbilisis samedicino institutSi Caabara misaRebi gamocdebi.
oTx saganSi maRali niSnebi daimsaxura, ris mixedviTac mTieli Wabuki unda Caricxuliyo institutSi bunebis
qmnilebaTa gvirgvinis adamianis mkurnalobisaTvis codnis misaRebad. vai,
rom gamocdebSi miRebuli maRali qulebi erT CaTvlas daaZlevines, centrisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli simaxinjis
gamo is institutis gareT darCa. ase
ara marto mas moeqcnen, aramed im
dros TiTqmis yvela warCinebuls,
yvela `ufulos ase istumrebdnen. ras
viqmodiT maSin, yvela erTgvarad ganicdida im dros dabudebul usulobas da gautanlobas. albaT, amgvarma
ukuRmarTobam aTqmevina genialur
mgosans zurab gorgilaZes:
,,derdebs gulSi vibegsnidi,
aWareli viyav gana!...
ra ubeduri xalxis Svili var,
ra ubeduri marguna mxare~
sicocxlis Semswavleli mecnierebisadmi ltolva, pirvelma ,,marcxma
bejiTobiT dalaSqruli
cxovrebis mwvervalebi
ver Seanela, igi Cairicxa baTumis saxelmwifo pedagogiur institutSi,
geografia_biologiis specialobaze. studenti anzor diasamiZe pirvelive kursidan mkafiod amJRavnebda
Tavis niWs. institutSi swavlis xuTma
welma momaval mkvlevars SesZina rogorc axalgazrdul organizaciebSi
aqtiurobis, aseve safakulteto samecniero wreebSi SemoqmedebiTi muSaobis gamocdileba. male profesorTa
siyvarulic ki daimsaxura, aramarto
friadebze swavliT, aramed sxvadasxva
ó íàñ â òåîðîòè÷åñêîé áèîëîãèé~. es iyo
jer kidev gasuli saukunis 80-ian
wlebSi. ukve gvian, momwifebuli genetikosi, profesori anzor diasamiZe
ixsenebs: ,,am kacma rusuli enac ki Semaswavla. erovnebiT ebraels Zalian
uyvarda qarTvelebi. is fore mosuliSvilTan erTad ibrZoda italiis
mTebSi. misTvis Cveuli aqtivobiT
(friadebze) Caabara sakandidato minimumis gamocdebi da aspiranturis
kursis damTavrebisTanave daicva sakandidato disertacia Temaze: ,,qimi-
anzor diasamiZe bunebismetyveleba-g
geografiis
fakultetis TanamSromelTa Soris
saganSi aqtiuri azrovnebiT da samecniero wreebSi Sesaswavli sakiTxebis
akademiur doneze momzadebiT.
1964 wels man warCinebiT daamTavra
umaRlesi saswavlebeli. amiT ukve meorejer bejiTad dalaSqra cxovrebis
mwvervali, pirveli xom saSualo skolis medalze damTavreba iyo.
umaRlesi skolis geografia-biologiis kursTamdavrebuli anzor diasamiZe Tavis Semdgom Sroma-saqmianobas, biologiis mimarTulebiT agrZelebs.
gulisxmieri leqtorebis mxardaWeriT is mSobliur institutSi daasaqmes. swavlis gagrZelebis wyurvilma anaseulis kvleviTi institutis
Caqvis filialSi miiyvana da male institutis seleqcia-meTesleobis ganyofilebis aspiranti gaxda. batonma
anzorma ioli gziT siaruls, rTuli
gza amjobina-airCia, radgan surda ziareboda bunebaSi arsebuli sicocxlis mravalferovnebis did saidumloebas, amitom Tavisi mecnieruli
kvleva-Ziebani im dros TiTqmis axladaRorZinebul genetikas daukavSira.
CvenTan (ssrk-Si) is xom ekologiasTan
erTad gasuli saukunis 60-ian wlebamde gandevnili iyo. umaRles saswavleblebSic pirvelad, imave saukunis
70-ian wlebSi daiwyo maTi swavleba.
xelmZRvanelad cnobili genetikosi,
sakavSiro akademiis akademikosi, moskovis universitetis profesori,
ioseb rapoporti SeurCies. xelmZRvanelis da aspirantis pirvel Sexvedras
didi STabeWdileba gamouwvevia erTmaneTSi. aspirantis codniT aRfrTovanebulma xelmZRvanelma masTan, Teoriul biologiaSi muSaoba SesTavaza:
`Ó Ãðóçèíîâ î÷åíü ÿñíûå ìûñëè, ó òåáÿ
òàêèå äàííûå, ÷òî ÿ ñîâåòóþ òåáå ðàáîòàòü
uri mutagenebis gavlena citrusebis
cvalebadobasa da mtvris marcvlis
gamanayofierebel unarze. am naSromis Sesrulebis Semdegac batoni anzori agrZelebda arCeuli gziT kvlevaZiebas, rac safuZvlad daedo mis mecnierul mimarTulebas: subtropikul
kulturaTa genetikisa da seleqciis
Teoriuli safuZvlebis Seswavlas;
formaTawarmoqmnis regulirebis meTodebis damuSavebas da sawyisi seleqciis masalis Seqmnas. Semdgomi misi gamokvlevebi garda citrusebisa exeba
sxva xexilovan mcenareebis: vaSlis,
msxlis, kaklis genetikisa da seleqciis
sxvadasxva
kanonzomierebas.
mkvlevris mier seleqciuri eqsperimentebiT miRebuli Sedegebi da Teoriuli daskvnebi praqtikuli mniSvnelobiTac gamoirCeva. gansakuTrebiT
aRsaniSnavia seleqciis axali meTodebis SemuSaveba citrusovnebSi Sejvarebis procesebis dasaCqareblad. amgvari SemoqmedebiTi muSaobis Sedegad,
man pirvelma gamoiwvia qimiuri mutagenezi (organizmSi genetikuri cvalebadobis gamowveva, axali jiSebisa da
formebis misaRebad), saxeobaTaSorisi hibridizaciis meTodebi SeauRla
da misi Sedegebic Seiswavla. manve SeimuSava damuSavebuli da gamoyenebuli qimiuri mutagenebiT citrusovanTan mtverze zemoqmedebis meTodebi
da saxeobaTaSoris hibridizaciaSi misi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebi. yovelive aman mkvlevars misca SesaZlebloba, aexsna qimiuri mutagenebiT gamowveuli cvalebadobis Taviseburebani organizmis, ujredisa da qromosomis doneze, rac safuZvlad edeba
biologiuri, fiziologiuri da genetikuri maxasiaTeblebis cvalebadobis kanonzomierebebs, sabolood ki
dgindeba qimiuri mutagenezis dros
mutagenuri da genotipuri Taviseburebebis specifika. eqsperimentuli
kvlevebiT, miRebuli Sedegebis ganzogadebiT genetikuri Teoriuli
daskvnebi zogadbiologiur kanonZomierebebs daedo safuZvlad. amgvari
kvleva-ZiebiT dagrovili mecnieruli
codnis safuZvelze profesorma anzor diasamiZem Seqmna saintereso, SemoqmedebiT-samecniero produqcia;
gasuli saukunis 80-ian wlebSi is ukve
ramdenime monografiisa da aTeulobiT statiis avtoria. yovelive aman ki
biZgi misca mkvlevar-mecniers, Tavisi
zogadgenetikuri, Teoriuli, mecnieruli miRwevebi waredgina sapaeqrod
– sadoqtoro disertaciis saxiT. 1995
wels daicva disertacia Temaze: ,,qimiuri mutagenezi da cvalebadobis
Taviseburebani citrusovanTan saxeobaTa Soris hibridebSi.
saqarTvelos agraruli universitetis sadisertacio darbazSi teva ar
iyo. disertanti anzor diasamiZe Cveuli oratorobiT, SesaSuri qarTuliT da gamWriaxobiT, Taviseburi
diqciiTa da toniT, sadisertacio
sabWos axsenebda naSromis ZiriTad
debulebebs da mecnierul siaxleebs.
dacvaze gamarTuli paeqroba ise warimarTa, rom minda gamoviyeno axalgazrda publiscistis – nana kalandaZis
profesor anzor diasamiZisadmi miZRvnili narkvevis saTauri: ,,niWieri
adamiani Tavis orbitaSi gvaqcevs. sadoqtoro disertaciis brwyinvaled
dacva, anzor diasamiZis cxovrebis
mwvervalTa bejiTobiT erTxel kidev
dalaSqvraa.
gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebidan
moyolebuli mcenareTa genetikuri
kvlevis safuZvelze profesorma anzor diasamiZem Taviseburad axsna da
SeimuSava citrusebSi mutaciuri cvalebadobis zogadi kanonzomierebebi.
igi ganixilavda ra mutaciebs, rogorc saxeobis adapturi niSnis gamovlenas, asabuTebda, rom citrusebis
Zlieri midrekileba, somaturi mutaciebisadmi ganxilul unda iqnes, rogorc pirveladi arealisagan (genocentrisagan), gansxvavebul saarsebo
pirobebSi e. w. meoreul arealSi (meoreul centrSi), organizmTa reaqcia
pirobebis cvalebadobisadmi. maSasadame, citrusebSi da ara marto maTSi,
TiTqmis yvela subtropikul introducentSi anda adventur invazientSi
gamomuSavdeba damaxsiaTebeli meqanizmi, romelic vlindeba avtomutagenuri nivTierebis Warbi dagrovebiT. mkvlevari miuTiTebs, rom mcenareuli saxeobebis da gansakuTrebiT
citrusovnebis genofondi yalibdeboda metad xelsayrel, tropikuli
da musonuri klimatis pirobebSi. maT
genofondSi ar fiqsirdeboda mkacri
saarsebo pirobebisadmi gamZle genetikuri kodi. Sesabamisad, maTi reaqciis norma meorad, xelovnur anda invaziis bunebriv arealebSi dabalia.
mcenaris meorad, magram SedarebiT
mkacr araxelsayrel pirobebSi ugrovdeba ,,organizmisadmi uCveulo
bioproduqtebi, romlebic asruleben avtomutagenur funqcias. aRweril movlenebs mecnieri uwodebs `memkvidreobis da cvalebadobis procesebis regulirebis erT-erT meqanizms. am yovelives erTad aRebuls ki
adaftogenezis rangSi ganixilavs,
rac mis mier Seqmnil bolodroindel
naSromebsa da saxelmZRvaneloebSic
naTlad Cans.
ianvari
cnobilma qarTvelma genetikosma,
gamoCenilma mecnierma da pedagogma,
saqarTvelos ekologiur mecnierebaTa akademiisa da afxazeTis akademiis
namdvilma wevrma, biologiis mecnierebaTa doqtorma, profesorma, amJamad ki SoTa rusTavelis baTumis saxelmwifo universitetis sapatio wodebis – emeritus-profesorma, anzor
diasamiZem, mecnieris da sazogado
moRvawis saintereso da amasTanave sanaqebo gza ganvlo, romelic ZiriTadad, baTumis universitets ukavSirdeba. naxevar saukuneze metia, rac igi
am universitetSi moRvaweobs. xSirad
uTqvams: ,,sul universitetSi vtrialeb, Cemi cxovreba universitetis
kedlebiT daiwyo, miyvars am Senobis
yvela aguri, yvela waxnagi da mgonia,
is erTaderTi RmerTia, am patara qalaqSi. universitetisadmi misi siyvarulma da pativiscemam anzor diasamiZes aTqmevina:
,,zRva xan dumiliT, xanac xmauriT
tkivilebs xarSavs, Zvelsa da axals
mzis sxivs konebad ireklavs, gafqvevs
da guls gimagrebs qaTqaTa taZars
qronologiurad dawerili mSrali
avtobiografiis wakiTxvac sakmarisia
gaigos kacma, Tu ra TanmimdevrobiT
gaiara batonma anzorma saxelovani
cxovrebis gza: 1959-64 wlebSi swavlobda baTumis saxelmwifo pedagogiur institutSi. msaxurobda armiaSi.
iyo pedinstitutis komkavSiris komitetis gaTavisuflebuli mdivani.
1966-69 wlebSi aspiranti da sakvlevo
institutSi rigiTi mecnier-muSaki.
1970 wels, daicva sakandidato xolo
1995-Si _ sadoqtoro disertacia.
amave wlidan, baTumis pedinstitusi
biologiis kaTedris docentia. 197578 wlebSi gaxldaT institutis partiuli biuros gaTavisuflebuli mdivani. iyo biologia-geografiisa da fizikuri aRzrdis fakultetis dekani.
mTavrobis specialuri davalebiT
ori wliT (1985-86) zRvis Tevzisa da
okeanografiis sakavSiro samecnierokvleviTi institutis baTumis filialis direqtoria. 1987 wlida, baTumis
saxelmwifo universitetis, zogadi
biologiis kaTedris gamgea; amavdroulad xelmZRvanelobda sauniversiteto meTodur sabWos da magistraturis ganyofilebas; aseve biologiis
fakultetis imunogenetikis laboratorias. gamoqveynebuli aqvs aTze meti monografia da asze meti samecniero statia. aris saxelmZRvaneloebis:
`genetika da ,,bioevolucia avtori.
iyo baTumis saqalaqo sabWos deputati, dajildoebulia Rirsebis ordeniTa da sxva sapatio sigelebiT.
CavaTave Tu ara avtobiografia, gamaxsenda, rom baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetis sapatio wodebis emeritus-profesorma
anzor diasamiZem, megobrebis daJinebuli CiCinis Semdeg, gadawyvita Tavisi mecnieruli Semoqmedebis sruli
analiziT, warmdgariyo saqarTvelos
erovnuli akademiis sxdomaze, mecnierebaTa did sakrebuloSi wevrad asarCevad. da ai, misTvis Cveuli mWermetyvelobiT da oratorobiT, mis mier
pirvelad SemuSavebul debulebebs da
sxva Teoriul miRwevebs, zogadbiologiuri kanonzomierebebis asaxsnelad axsenebs... yvela aRfrTovanebulia, magram erTi xma daaklda... ise,
rogorc adre mTiel Wabuks samedicino istitutSi misaRebi gamocdebis
dros, miRebul maRal niSnebs, erTi
CaTvla daaklda da maSin, gasuli saukunis 70-ian wlebSi, ver gaxda studenti, axla ki, 21-e saukunis pirvel aTwledSi, ar isurves yofiliyo akademiis wevri. centrsa da periferias Soris
amgvari damokidebuleba, mraval niWier Semoqmeds gamouxatavs gulistkiviliT. aman jer kidev gasuli saukunis
80-ian wlebSi genialur mgosans aTqmevina:
,,saqarTveloSi ise vberdebi,
rom Tbiliss leqsi ver wavukiTxe.
profesor anzor diasamiZis, fenomenis warmosaCenad ar aris sakmarisi,
am formatis narkvevi, miT umetes, rom
me amis pretenzia ar maqvs; magram mainc minda aRvniSno, rom igi yovelTvis gansakuTrebuli niWiT da unariT,
Rirseulad akeTebda saqmes, rogorc
umaRlesi skolis pedagogi da moazrovne, ideebiT aRvsili mecnieri. misi
naSromebi
sruliad Tavisufalia
ucxo enebis gavlenisagan, esoden saWiro saxelmZRvaneloebi advili da
gamarTuli eniTaa dawerili, yvelasaTvis – studentisTvis, pedagogebisa Tu mecnierTaTvis da saerTod yvela dainteresebulTaTvis misaRebi
romaa, es ra Tqma unda, mis mier mraval
zogadbiologiur problemebze miRebuli monacemebze dayrdnobiT, aris
ganpirobebuli. gansakuTrebiT saxelmZRvanelo “bioevolucia” – Si ramdenime Tavi, mecnieris mier Seswavlili
da ganzogadebuli adaftogenezis sakiTxebzea dafuZnebuli, adaftogenezi xom sicocxlis evolucuri mravalferovnebis safuZvelia.
futkari uskod an ufuRurod, sad
awarmoos Tafli?! imunogenetikis laboratoriis amdagvarma funqciorebam, mecniers ,,xel-fexi Seukra. marTalia, adre miRebuli genetikur-seleqciuri Sedegebi jer kidev gasaanalizebelia da ideebis Sesabamisad ganzogadebuli, zogadbiologiuri Teoriebia Sesaqmneli, magram baton anzorSi imZlavra zeciurma, kosmiurma
energiam, WeSmariti mecnierebidan
,,sulieri mecnierebis samsaxuri daewyo, ,,me leqsebs bavSvobaSic vwerdi.….….…Cems xelTaa cnobili mecnier-genetikosis da umaRlesi skolis
pedagogis – leqtoris, anzor diasamiZis leqsebis krebuli ,,sicocxlis ukvdaveba. Tu axlos icnobT avtors _
genetikos-evolucionists, ar gagikvirdebaT, ratom aqvs wigns amgvari saTauri, masSi ki Tavidanve Cveni planetis sicocxlis mravalferovnebis Semoqmedis-mSoblebis, gansakuTrebiT
ki dedis saxe sanimuSodaa daxatuli:
,,TviT RmerTma Seqmna es fenomeni,
ra saocari, ra auxsneli,
dedis gareSe Cndeba raime?
erTaderTia Tan Seucvleli rogorc genetikosi da adaftogenezis
mcodne evolucionisti, ,,sicocxlis
anzor diasamiZe da nermin bakuriZe SviliSvilebTan
gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia profesori anzor diasamiZis, rogorc
araCveulebrivi pedagogisa da leqtoris Rvawli. misi leqciebis kursi
maRalakademiuria. gamorCeuli oratoruli niWisa da diqciis wyalobiT
is mimzidvelia msmenelTaTvis. mozRvavebuli informaciis mWermetyvelebiT da Taviseburi tembriT Txroba
ara marto studentebs, aramed irgvliv myofT atyvevebs. universitetSi
anzor diasamiZis xangrZliv pedagogiur muSaobas ukvalod ar Cauvlia. igi
yovelTvis zrunavda mecnierTa da pedagogiuri kadrebis aRzrdisaTvis.
misi uSualo xelSewyobiT da xelmZRvanelobiT ramdenime aTeulma kursdamTavrebulma aimaRla samecniero
kvalifikacia. ityvian, `fakultetze
teva araa genetikosebiso. maTgan bevri mis gverdiTaa, samecniero- pedagogiur saqmianobas eweva. maT ician,
rom profesor anzor diasamiZis gverdiT muSaoba advilicaa da Znelic.
advilia, Tu massaviT punqtualuri,
mkacri, momTxovni, amasTanave obieqturi da gulisxmieri iqnebi, Znelia,
Tu ar xelgewifeba amgvari muSaoba.
bevri vifiqre, aRmeniSna Tu ara,
rom ukanasknel wlebSi, xelisuflebis
mier ganxorcielebulma samecinierokvleviTi institutebis da laboratoriebis devnam biologiis fakultetis, imunogenetikis laboratoriasac
finansuri problemebi Seuqmna. mecnier-eqsperimentatori ulaboratoriod, es igivea rogorc kavkasiuri ruxi
jaWvSi wers, Tu rogor unda gavufrTxildeT Cvens gens, jilags da modgmas:
,,es Cveni jiSis, jilagis jaWvi,
mwyobri rigia genTa da sulTa,
maradJam yvelgan vufrTxildeT
babu,
yoveli rgoli rom iyos sufTa~
batonma anzorma icis SeZenili
Tvisebis - Surianobis avkargianoba,
rom is adamianis garda sxva arcerT
arsebaSi ar aris da gvmoZRvravs:
,,kaci Tu xar da adamiani,
unda SegeZlos daZlio boRma,
sxvebSi SeniSno da daafaso
unaris, niWis, talantis zoma~
kiTxulobT leqsebis krebuls da
gikvirT, mSobliuri miwa, sofeli da
baTumi raoden didi da nazi siyvarulis grZnobiTaa aRwerili:
`vin Segarqva eg saxeli,
cinareTi – mindors mzians,
mcinares da uxv stumrians,
mkvidrTa budes Tavazians~
baTumis silamaze-mokazmulobiT
aRfrTovanebuli qalaqs mimarTavs:
“magnoliaze feTqvas yvavili,
kameliebi vards esvris mzeras,
cad Toliebi danavardoben,
palma foTlidan maraos keravs”
gansakuTrebuli gulmxurvalobiT, gulmkerdSedgmuli umReris
mSobliur mTianeTs, aWaras, saqarTvelos. maTdami miZRvnil striqonebSi
Cans mgznebare siyvaruli:
,,mTavaria, rom giyvardes saqarTvelo
9
gmirTa msgavsad, yvela viyoT misi
Rirsni,
marto sityviT nu vaqebT da nu vadidebT,
SromiT, brZoliT gavxdeT qomagebi misi~
SesaniSnavi qarTuliT mosaubre
mecnieri, leqtori, mSobliuri enis
fass sigrZe-siganiT grZnobs, rom qarTulma enam gadaarCina saqarTvelo da
msoflio anbanTa Soris amas sagangebod umReris:
,,mSobeli ena, burjia eris,
ena winapris da STamomavlis,
rwmena, sibrZne da jani qarTvelis,
niWi warsulis, bedi momavlis~
gaecnobiT Tu ara anzor diasamiZis
mecnierul Tu prozaul Semoqmedebas,
erTxel kidev darwmundebiT, rom is
aris kosmiuri energiis mtarebeli pirovneba, romelsac Tavisi sicocxlis
gzaze niWiT da sibejiTiT cxovrebis
mwvervalTa mwkrivSi mravali piki daulaSqria.
batonma anzorma Tavisi sibejiTiT
erTmaneTs Seuxama, samecniero-pedagogiuri moRvaweoba da ojaxze zrunva. uxaria da eamayeba kidec, rom aseTi
qarTuli tradiciis ojaxi hyavs. diax,
zrunavda ojaxze, stumarTmoyvareobda. momismenia, Tu rogor epatiJeboda
ufros kolegas da megobars, profesor SoTa goliaZes CaisubanSi mamiseuli saxlis gverdiT, TiTqmis mTlianad
misi xeliT agebul da gawyobil saxlSi: ,,wamobrZandiT batono SoTa, minda
gaCvenoT, rogor movxate parketiT
saxlis iataki, me TviTon davage am saubars rom vismendi, gamaxsenda gasuli
saukunis 80-ian wlebSi, germaniaSi, qalaq hales universitetSi yofnisas
profesor J. egeris mier mis saxlSi
SesvlisTanave, sixaruliT da siamayiT
warmoTqmuli: ,,es dolabebi, fanjrebi
da karebic Cemi gakeTebulia vifiqre,
rodis moicala amisaTvis hales universitetis wamyvanma profesorma,
centraluri evropis floris mravaltomeulis mTavarma redaqtorma-meTqi. yovelgvari Sromis fasi ician adamianma, cnobilma mecnierebma, miuxedavad imisa, rom kargad ician dedamiwaze yvelaze sapatio inteleqtualuri Sromaa, yvelaze faseul Rirebulebad, produqti ki mecnieruli codna.
batoni anzori dRes gaxarebulia,
rom mravalsuliani ojaxis mTavarsardalia. amgvari ojaxis Seqmna misi
cxovrebis mwvervalTa Soris bejiTad
dalaSqvris morigi, magram mTavari,
yvelaze maRali mwvervalia. meuRle –
qalbatoni nermin bakuriZe, pedagogia, biologiis specialobiT baTumis
#4 saSualo skolaSi moRvaweobda.
Svilebi kaxa –ekonomistia, zaza iuristi. rZali, diana faRava, franguli enis specialistia. moRvaweobs
SoTa rusTavelis baTumis saxelmwifo
unviersitetSi. meore rZali Teona
gogitiZe – samedicino ganaTlebiTaa,
amJamad ukrainis mecnierebaTa akademiis xarkovis endokrinologiuri
centris aspirantia, male kvalifikaciaamaRlebuli daubrundeba mSobliur baTums. babua anzori, oTxi – sami
vaJiT da erTi umSvenieresi qaliSviliT amayobs. genetikosma icis, rom
STamomavlobaSi is genebia dominanti,
romlebic wlebis ganmavlobaSi batondebian jiSSi da maSasadame, babuas
maTi kargi swavliT gaaxareben; ise,
rogorc patara anzori Tavisi saxelovani winaprebiT gaamayebul sayvarel dedas – fatis axarebda.
batono anzor! gilocavT axal 2014
wlis SemobrZanebas saqarTveloSi! es
weli TqvenTvis saiubileoa, 75 weli
gisruldebaT. gisurvebT didxans
`getrialoT” mSobliur universitetsa da ojaxSi.
murman daviTaZe,
emeritusi profesori
10 i a n v a r i
qarTuli saaxalwlo da
saSobao zepirsityviereba
Tina SioSvili
saqarTveloSi, iseve rogorc uZvelesi kulturis mqone yvela sxva
qveyanaSi, animisturi msoflmxedvelobis safuZvelze SemuSavda mravali rituali, romlebSic warmmarTveli funqcia eniWeboda magias. am
religiur-ritualur dResaswaulTa didi nawili sameurneo-agraruli
daniSnulebis iyo.
wes-Cveuleba istoriul kategorias ganekuTvneba, igi sazogadoebrivi ganviTarebis gansazRvrul safexurze iCens Tavs da garkveul safexurze qreba, istoriis arqivs gadaecema. am beds iziarebs TviTon
wes-Cveulebis amsaxveli zepirsityvierebis didi nawilic; cxadia, yvelaze maRalmxatvruli, esTetikurad mniSvnelovani da socialurad
Rirebuli ki mudmivad ganagrZobs
arsebobas.
saxalxo Cveulebebisa da dResaswaulebis didi nawili tradiciulad wlis droTa brunvasTan iyo Sefardebuli da kalendaruli ganrigeba hqonda. amgvar dResaswaulebs
ganekuTvneba egreTwodebul “uZravi” sadResaswaulo wes-Cveulebebi
da maTTan dakavSirebuli zepirsityviereba, romelTac sawesCveulebo-kalendaruli leqs-simRerebis saxelwodebiT movixseniebT da
erovnuli zepirsityvierebis arqauli da saintereso ubania. amaTgan
Cveni xalxisaTvis tradiciulad
erT-erTi yvelaze Zvirfasi da warmomadgenlobiTia Zveli wlis gacilebisa da axali wlis dadgomis ritualebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli
zepirpoeturi Semoqmedeba. am TvalsazrisiT Cveni folklori didad ar
gamoirCeva mezobel morwmune xalxTa folklorisagan. axali wlis Rames yvela gansakuTrebul gunebazea,
yvela cdilobs, qarsa da niavs gaayolos wina wlis usiamovnebani, ubedurebani da mtrisgan miyenebuli
ziani; ojaxis TiToeul wevrs, ufros-umcrosobis kvalobaze, Tavisi
sazrunavi gaaCnia.
saqarTveloSi axali weli sxvadasxva dros iwyeboda. qristianobamde igi 6 agvistos dgeboda, rac
axali welTaRricxvis VII saukunemde
grZeldeboda. VII saukunidan bizantiur-qristianul axal wels vzeimobdiT seqtemberSi, rac IX saukunis
damdegamde grZeldeboda. amis Semdeg CvenSi damkvidrda martis weliwadi, rac X saukunis Sua wlebamde
grZeldeboda; SemdegSi TandaTanobiT fexi moikida ianvris weliwadma,
rac XIV saukuneSi damkvidrda da
dRemde grZeldeba.
CvenSi gavrcelebuli iyo Cveuleba axali wlis diliT ojaxSi mekvlis misvlisa. mekvles ojaxSi Sehqonda ritualuri xonCa sursaT-sanovagiT, ritualuri kverebiT (“kacbasilebiT”) da vazis rqiT. mas unda
warmoeTqva saaxalwlo milocvis
teqsti, romelsac xSirad leqsiTi
forma hqonda. warmoiTqmeboda, agreTve, saaxalwlo sadRegrZeloebi,
romelTa nawili mestvireebis mier
aris Seqmnili. ojaxis winamZRoli
Sinauri mekvlea. igi anTebuli sanTlebiTa da samekvleo xmiadiT samjer
Semouvlis saxls, mere Sinaurebs miualersebs, yvela suldgmuls bednierebasa da gaZlierebas usurvebs.
axali weli yvela dResaswaulze
ufro mravalmxrivaa gaformebuli.
am dReobaSi miniaturulad Caqsovilia Cveni qveynis samoqalaqo da sameurneo cxovrebis xangrZlivi istoria; saaxalwlo rituali ganpirobebuli iyo adamianTa saarsebo
moTxovnilebebiT, ris gamoc yvela
epoqaSi saaxalwlo wes-Cveulebebsa
da maTTan dakavSirebul zepirsityvierebaSi umniSvnelovanesi adgili
ekava magiur elementebs: Tofis gasrola, CiCilaki (profilaqtiuri magia), mekvlis misvla ojaxSi, tkbileulobis momzadeba (produqtiuli
magia), saaxalwlo leqs-simRerebi da
dalocva-sadRegrZeloebi (sityvieri magia) da a. S. es yovelive miiCneoda am axali wlis manZilze materialuri uzrunvelyofisa da bednierebis utyuar saSualebad. ai, ras
vkiTxulobT erT mesxur saaxalwlo
dalocvaSi, romelic daibeWda gazeT “iveriaSi” (#1) 1888 wels:
axal weliwads, wlis Tavsa
gikvlev vazisa rqiTamca!
Senimca saxli amsila
tyav-kaba zarbabiTamca!
cxenzedamc Segisxdebian
mSvild-isriani xmliTamca,
karzedac mogadgebian
cxen-jora mafraSiTamca;
taxtzedamc dagidgebian
Tav-oqro-gvirgviniTamca!
mteri sul dagibrmavdebis,
eSmaki _ xmeliT-ciTamca.
mokeTe RmerTma gimravlos,
moyvare _ mraval-gziTamca;
puri-Rvino uleveli,
viT modinare wyliTamca!
sicocxle _ gaxarebuli
mouwyinari dRiTamca!
asre dastkbi am qveyanas,
viT Tafli futkris skiTamca!
uxvaTamc mogecemodeT
Tval-margaliti zRviTamca!
es saaxalwlo dalocva ufro samefo karze warmosaTqmelia, vidre
glexur yofaSi gamosayenebeli mimarTva. leqsis masStabi da aqsesuarebi udavod saxelmwifoebrivad
Zlier qveyanas gulisxmobs, romlis
meTaursa da mmarTvels ufro Seefereba oqros gvirgvinebi. mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba meore, glexur wreebSi gavrcelebuli dalocva:
Semovdgi fexi, gilocav,
gwyalobdes wminda basili,
imisi madli iyaviT
puriT da RviniT avsili!
Cems nafexursa kvali Cndes
wmindisa angelozisa...
movdivar, momixaria,
madli uflisa mimiZRvis,
wmindanni CemTan arian.
xelSi tabaki miWiravs
sanTlebiT gaCaRebuli,
zed awyvia puri-Rvino,
da gozinayi, CurCxela
da erTi patara tyvia.
es moxvdes Cvensa mSurvelsa
da dagvimarcxos mteria!
gamravldes Cveni qveyana,
gamravldes Cveni eria!
did xalissa da elfers aZlevs
dResawauls saxalxo SemsrulebelTa gamoCena. am mxriv pirvel adgilze mestvireebi gamodiodnen; maT
specialuri sadResaswaulo repertuari daamuSaves. samwuxarod, am
repertuaris Zalian mcire nawilia
SemorCenil-fiqsirebuli. mestviruli dalocva, romelic 1947 wels
kaxeTSi, yvarlis raionis sofel almatSia dafiqsirebuli, amgvaria:
xelSi or Wiqas aviReb,
vilocebode RviniTa.
yvela kargad daeswariT
mraval axal wels diliTa!
naTlimama Tan modgevdes,
Tafli mohqondes qiliTa,
xurjini savse mohqondes
CurCxelebiT da xiliTa!
....................
Tqveni kodebi yofila
savse da wminda fqviliTa!
Tqveni qvevrebi yofila
savse da wiTel RviniTa!
Tqveni farexi yofila
savse da cxvrisa biniTa!
Tqveni gomuri yofila
savse da Zroxis biniTa!
Tqveni mteri waqceula,
veRara ZReba ZiliTa!
xalxi su amowyvetoda,
ezideboda viriTa!
viri ro ar aÁdioda,
urmebs iWerda qiriTa.
mkvdari ar gamaleoda
mudam orSabaT diliTa!
axal wels ojaxSi Semosuli mekvlis dalocvis leqsebs saqarTvelos
yvela kuTxe icnobs. erT-erTi varianti, romelic Tedo razikaSvilma
Caiwera qarTlSi, amgvaria:
axali weli movida,
mogvikakuna karebi,
yvela vaxaroT erTobliv,
mters davuyenoT Tvalebi!
akaki SaniZis mier xevsureTSi Caweril mekvlis dalocvaSi, tradiciul saaxalwlo survilebTan erTad,
gamoTqmulia mtris (am SemTxvevaSi
moqiSpe qistebis) ganadgurebis survilic:
gamagvecala, sworebo,
dagvidga axalwelia!
daglocnasT jvarma yvelani,
ar mageriosT mteria!
yvelkanamc gagimarjvdebisT,
qistebs adinoT mtveria!
saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela
kuTxe icnobs mekvlis dasaloc tradiciul teqsts:
Semovdgi fexi,
gwyalobdeT RmerTi!
fexi _ Cemi,
kvali _ angelozisa!
Zvelad saqarTveloSi, yvela
sxva warmarTuli qveynebis msgavsad,
saaxalwlo rituali mzis Tayvaniscemas ukavSirdeboda; amis nimuSia
CiCilaki, romelic, rogorc mzis
simbolo, Tavisi TeTri, grZeli da
xuWuWa burbuSeliT, qarTuli saaxalwlo ritualis aucilebeli atributi iyo da bolo dromde SemorCa dasavleT saqarTvelos saaxalwlo wes-Cveulebebs.
CiCilakis grZeli, TeTri burbuSela, romelic warmarTul saqarTveloSi mzis sxivebis simbolo iyo,
qristianobis Semde wminda basilis
wvers daukavSirda. am burbuSelaze
xelis SexebiT saaxalwlo mekvle
adamianebs usurvebda janmrTelobas, gamravlebas, mosavlis baraqianobas. dasavleT saqarTveloSi, da
maT Soris aWaraSi, gavrcelebuli
iyo samekvleo dalocva:
Semovdgi fexi, gilocav,
gwyalobdes wminda basili!
imisi madliT iyaviT
puriT da RviniT avsili!
axali wlis meore dRe mTels saqarTveloSi “dakvebebis” (bedobis)
dRed iTvleboda; dasavleT saqarTveloSi ki 2 ianvari qaTmebis ferxvis
dRea. “kargi fexis” mqone mekvle am
dRes ase iloceba:
jiji, jiji, dedalao,
jiji, jiji, mamalao!
asi dedali, asi mamali,
asi misi moCxorozi!
aWaraSi gavrcelebuli tradiciiT, mferxavi dalocvis warmoTqmisas sakenks uyris qaTmebs da Semdeg
cariel koTxos Tavze Camoicvams _
qoCora variebi gamovao. am dRes
mferxavi ojaxSi rCeba, raTa qaTmebma Sors siaruli ar daiwyon; igi
jorkoze zis mTeli dRe, raTa kruxi
myarad ijdes sabudarze.
axal wels tradiciulad win uswrebda Sobis dResaswauli, romelic “aliloobis” saxeliTaa cnobi-
li. am dResaswauls qristiani erebi,
maT Soris qarTvelebic, 25 dekembers dResaswauloben. CvenSi ZvelTagan gavrcelebuli iyo saSobao
simRerebi, rasac “alilos” uwodebdnen. saSobao “alilo” karnavaluri
dResaswaulia, romlis drosac karikar mosiaruleni xalxs windawin
ulocavdnen qristes Sobasa da axal
wels. “alilos” asrulebda vaJTa
(rogorc mozrdilebis, ise bavSvebis) gundi:
ocdaxuTsa dekembersa
qriste dabadebulao, alilo!
RmerTma yvelas gagiTenoT
Soba-axal weliwadi, alilo!
alilos Semsruleblebi daxelovnebulni iyvnen tradiciuli simRera-galobis SesrulebaSi. kardakar Camosvlisas maTi xma mTel mxares efineboda. zogjer erTsa da
imave sofelSi momReralTa 2_3
jgufi gamoCndeboda. mealiloeebs
mosaxleoba keTilganwyobiT xvdeboda, asaCuqrebdnen xorageuliT
(metwilad kvercxebiT, rac sicocxlisa da nayofierebis simbolod iTvleboda), sasmeliTa da fuliTac.
zogjer saxlSiac SeipatiJebdnen an
samaspinZlos WiSkarze moarTmevdnen. puradi da uxvi maspinZlebi alilos leqsebSi saqveynodaa Seqebuli,
xolo Zunwni da xelmoWerilni
augad moixseniebian.
“alilos” leqs-simRerebSi kardakar mosiaruleni tradiciulad
erTad ulocavdnen xalxs Sobasa da
axal wels:
Citi Robeze Semojda,
iZaxis qiSmaSobasa,
RmerTma mraval dRes dagaswros
axal wels, qristes Sobasa!
uflis Zis amqveynad movlineba,
zepirsityvierebaSi kargad cnobili
miTologiuri personaJebisa Tu egreTwodebuli kulturologiuri
gmirebis uCveulo dabadebis darad,
zebunebriv movlenad aris warmodgenili. “alilos” mesxur sagalobelSi, romelic axali wlis win karikar CamovliT ritualSi sruldeba,
naTqvamia:
ocdaxuT qristeSobasa
qriste dabadebulao.
beTlemisa qvebsa Sina
marwevelni arweveno.
trednic RuRuns ityviano,
angeloznic _ galobasa.
“alilos” sagalobelSi, iesos
dabadebis sixarulTan erTad, rac
xalxisaTvis am diadi dResaswaulis
mixareba da milocva iyo, xazgasmulia maxarobelTa dajildoebis
aucileblobac:
ocdaxuT qriSobisTvesa
qriste iSva beTlemsao.
alaTasa, malaTasa,
xeli Caye kalaTasa,
amoiRe vercxlis fuli,
dagvirige yvelayasa!
Soba dilas an wina saRamos “aliloze” mavalT xalxi asaCuqrebda
fuliTa da sursaT-sanovagiT, umetesad _ kvercxiT, rac sicocxlisa
da nayofierebis simbolod iyo miCneuli.
erT-erTi guruli saSobao leqssimRera Seicavs rogorc macxovris
Sobis mixarebas, aseve _ mealiloeTa mier xalxis dalocvasa da saCuqris moTxovnis tradiciul motivebs; aqve vxvdebiT qarTuli xalxuri sazRapro eposisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli tradiciuli dasasrulis variacias:
ocdaxuTsa dekembersa
qriste iSva beTlemsao da
ha-ha-ha, halilo!
RmerTma ise agaSenoT,
rogorc Sios maranio!
mogceT Svidi vaJiSvili,
pirze hqondeT balanio!
ha-ha-ha, halilo1
alaTasa balaTasa,
xeli Cavkar kalaTasa,
amoviRe Svidi kvercxi,
RmerTi mogcems baraqasa1
ha-ha-ha, halilo!
mTaSi uremi gavTale,
wamovida gorebiTa
Seni ojaxi aivsos
fuliTa da qonebiTa!
maspinZelo, gamogvxede,
Sobis maxarobeli varT!
arieli, marieli,
nu gagviSvebT carieli!
paralelizmiT Sekruli teqstis
(“mTas uremi gamovWeri...”) meore nawili maCvenebelia misi qristianuli
warmoSobisa; Tavdapirvelad is
“alilos” sagalobeli iyo da Semdeg
daukavSirda zRapars dasasruli
formulis saxiT.
imeruli “saSobao alilos” teqstSic xazgasmulia maspinZelTa mier
karikar CamomvlelTa kvercxiT dasaCuqrebis aucilebloba:
alaTasa, malaTasa,
xeli Cavyav kalaTasa.
hai, hai, haim alilo!
amoviRe kvercxis guli,
yinvam damwva xelis guli.
hai, hai, hai, alilo!
maspinZelo pawiao,
gamogvxede karSiao.
hai, hai, hai, alilo!
matarebeli gaCerda,
Seni ojaxi aSenda!
hai, hai, hai, alilo daa!
Tu maspinZelma ar gamoixeda da
alilos Semsruleblebi ar daasaCuqra, ase miumRerebdnen:
matarebeli geiqca,
Seni ojaxi deiqca!
hai, hai, hai, alilo daa!
Tuki maspinZeli gamoxedavda mealiloeebs da saTanadodac daasaCuqrebda, miumRerebdnen:
mTaSi uremi gavTale,
wamovida gorebiTa,
Tqveni ojaxi aivso
fuliTa da qonebiTa!
hai, hai, hai, alilo daa!
cnobilia, rom yoveli bunebrivi
feri konkretuli moraluri Tvisebis matarebelia. TeTri, igive naTeli, RvTaebasTan ziarebas, sikeTes
aRniSnavs. erT-erT saSobao leqssimReraSi ieso qristes dabadeba
“TeTrad gaTenebas” edreba:
agaSenoT!
ocdaxuTsa am Tvesa
qriste dabadebula, _
TeTrad gaTenebula!
TiTo kvercxi mogveciT,
korkoti SegvaWameT.
cnobili raWveli mestviris _
zaqaria eraZiseul leqsSi “qveynad
ro mobrZanda” vkiTxulobT:
qriste ro qveynad mobrZanda,
xuoda mTa da baria,
Tan axldnen angelozebi,
ukres buki da zaria...
qristeSobasTan dakavSirebuli
qarTuli xalxuri poeziis erT-erTi
saintereso nimuSia jemal noRaidelis mier 1960 wels qobuleTis raionis sofel aWyvisTavSi Cawerili
“alilo”. es saSobao sagalobeli
dasturia imisa, Tu ra didi da Zlieria saSobao tradicia da _ ra gamZlea am ritualTan dakavSirebuli
sagalobeli, romelic saqarTvelos
erT-erT uZveles qristian kuTxeSi
_ “aWaraSi” SemorCa:
oi, alilo,
mogvilocavs qristes Soba,
oi, alilo,
mogvilocavs qristes Soba,
qristes Soba beTlemsao!
nebac iyos maRla RvTisa,
nebiTa Tu mSvidobiTa!
alilo, alilo, alilo,
aqa mSvidoba!
ianvari
11
rezo jabniZe - 60
gvaxsovs da gveamayeba
saqarTvelos agraruli universitetis baTumis sasoflo-sameurneo institutSi swavlis periodi umniSvnelovanesi monakveTia Cvens
cxovrebaSi. es iyo umaRlesi saswavlebeli mowesrigebuli infrastruqturiT, ezo-karmiodamoTi da
gansakuTrebuli disciliniT. aq
gulgrilad ver Cauvlidi TiToeul
xes Tu buCqs, yvavilebs, yvela gvxiblavda Tavisi bunebrivi silamaziT
da dagainteresebda misi taqsonomiuri ganmartebebiT, romelic TiToeul mcenareze sam enaze iyo wawerili. es ki axalgazrda specialistad
aRzrdis erT-erTi saukeTeso saSualeba iyo - im TvalsazrisiT, rom Teoriuli codna praqtikuli unar-Cvevebis gamomuSavebas uwyobda xels.
es yvelaferi institutis mTeli koleqtivis
SromiT da zrunviT keTdeboda. raSic Cven, studentebic aqtiurad viyaviT CarTuli. am Semoqmedebis
iniciatori da xelmZRvaneli ki iyo Tavad institutis reqtori, profesori rezo jabniZe, romelic
koleqtivTan erTad muxlCauxrelad Sromobda. esaa
kidev erTi magaliTi imisa Tu ra SeuZlia kompetentur xelmZRvanels, mis organizatorul niWsa da saerTo mondomebas.
Cveni instituti guls uxarebda
stumarsac da maspinZelsac. davamTavreT. gavida wlebi. yvelani CvenCvens gzas davadeqiT da axla ufro
naTlad gamoCnda institutSi gatarebuli wlebis sikeTe da momxibvleloba, romelic keTilad gvemaxsovreba da vecdebiT aseve keTilsindisierad, maRal profesionalurad
viRvawoT im saqmeTa Sesasruleblad,
rac cxovrebam dagvakisra. gveamayeba, rom dRes RirebulebaTa gadafasebis droSi, roca bevri cxovrebiseuli problema iCens Tavs rezo jabniZis nairi adamianebi mainc keTilsindisierad, erovnuli interesebis Sesabamisad emsaxurebian arCeul saqmes, mecnierebas da axalgazrda Taobis aRzrdas.
guliTadad vulocavT dabadebis dRes, gvjera is
kidev bevr warmatebebs miaRwevs, amitomac vusurvebT janmrTelobas da xangrZliv sicocxles.
yofili studentebi,
mecnierebaTa akademiuri doqtorebi:
manuCar niJaraZe, cira cecxlaZe,
mamuka gogelia, miranda weroZe,
arCil ZirkvaZe, ia mesxiZe,
nato jabniZe, nana konceliZe,
ruslan daviTaZe
man icis risTvis
cxovrobs da Sromobs
amas Tamamad vambobT Cvens megobarsa da kolegaze profesor rezo jabniZeze, romelsac ramdenime
aTeuli welia vicnobT da masTan erTad gverdigverd moRvaweoba, erToblivi samecniero-kvleviTi, pedagogiuri da sazogadoebrivi saqmianoba gvaZlevs imis uflebas, rom guliTadad mogilocoT saiubileo TariRebi da kidev ufro didi warmatebebi
vusurvoT samecniero da pedagogiur saqmianobaSi.
misi mecnieruli kvlevebi, naSromebi maRal donezea Sesrulebuli. maTSi Cans analitikuri azrovneba, mizanswrafuloba, problemebisadmi kompleqsuri midgoma da swori daskvnebis gamotanis unari,
romelic emsaxureba mSobliuri erisa da qveynis interesebs.
aRsaniSnavia misi pedagogiuri niWic da gamocdilebac. aseulobiT axalgazrda daafrTiana saSualo
specialuri da umaRlesi saswavleblebidan. misi
xelmZRvanelobiT bevrma brwyinvaled daicva ara
Tu sadiplomo, aramed sakandidato da sadoqtoro
disertaciebi. dResac baTumis SoTa rusTavelis sa-
gaxsenba
saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis v. WavWaniZis saxelobis kibernetikis
institutis da baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universitets profesor-maswavlebelTa rigebs xangrZlivi da mZime
avadmyofobis Semdeg gamoaklda cnobili
qarTveli mecnieri, teqnikis mecnierebaTa
doqtori, profesori givi bolqvaZe.
givi bolqvaZe daibada 1949 wlis 13 ap-
xelmwifo universitetis sruli profesori da agraruli fakultetis sadisertacio sabWos Tavmjdomarea. bevri misi aRzrdilebi dRes saxelmwifo
Tanamdebobebzea, samecniero asparezze moRvaweobs
an Tavad zrdis momaval specialistebs.
SesaSuria misi aqtiuri cxovrebiseuli pozicia,
pedagogiuri, samecniero da sazogadoebrivi saqmianoba, adamianebTan keTili urTierToba da organizaciuli muSaobis sanimuSo unari, romlis naTeli
dadasturebaa isic, rom mis ojaxSi xuTi mecnierebaTa doqtoria.
gvixaria, rom kargi mamuliSvili, principuli,
ubraloebiT gamorCeuli pirovneba da sityvis kaci
xarT. vamayobT, kolegad, Tanamoazred da megobrad
rom gvegulebiT. gilocavT saiubileo TariRebs.
Seni kolegebi da megobrebi:
oTar SainiZe
SoTa lamparaZe
nugzar zosiZe
merab mamulaZe
zurab maxaraZe
givi bolqvaZe _ cnobili mecnieri da pedagogi
rils, xulos raionis sofel ZirkvaZeebSi
.1967 wels, saSualo skolis warmatebiT
damTavrebis Semdeg, is Cairicxa ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis kibernetikisa da gamoyenebiTi maTematikis fakultetis kibernetikis specialobaze, romelic daamTavra 1973 wels da mieniWa fizikos-kibernetikosis kvalifikacia.
umaRlesi ganaTlebis miRebisTanave
givi bolqvaZe muSaobas iwyebs saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis kibernetikis
institutSi. swored aq gaatara man Tavisi
moRvaweobis saukeTeso wlebi da aq warmoaCina mTeli Tavisi codna, unari da gamocdileba. 1975 wlidan is am institutis manqanuri modelirebis ganyofilebis umcrosi mecnier-TanamSromelia, 1980 - 2003
wlebSi SemTxveviTi procesebis Teoriis
ganyofilebis umcrosi mecnier-TanamSromeli, xolo 2003 wlidan - stoqasturi analizisa da maTematikuri modelirebis ganyofilebis ufrosi mecnier- TanamSromeli.
givi bolqvaZe eweoda nayofier samecniero-kvleviT saqmianobas, ris Sedegicaa
upirveles yovlisa is maRali kvalifikacia, romelsac igi daeufla sakandidato
da sadoqtoro disertaciebis momzadebisa
da dacvis procesSi. 1989 wlis 9 oqtombers, q. moskovSi yofili ssrk-s mecnierebaTa akademiis marTvis problemebis institutSi is icavs sakandidato disertacias Temaze ?rawrfivi dinamikuri marTvis
obieqtebis dispersiuli identifikaciis
meTodebis SemuSaveba da kvleva, ris safuZvelze eniWeba teqnikis mecnierebaTa
kandidatis samecniero xarisxi,xolo amave
institutSi 2006 wlis 26 ivniss igi icavs
sadoqtoro disertacias0 Temaze ?eqnologiuri procesebisa da warmoebis (mrewvelobaSi) avtomatizacia da marTva da eniWeba teqnikis mecnierebaTa doqtoris samecniero xarisxi.
givi bolqvaZis maRal mecnierul kvalifikacias miuTiTebs agreTve isic, rom
is aris mravali saerTaSoriso aRiarebis
samecniero naSromis avtori da mravali
saerTaSoriso samecniero konferenciis
monawile. misi naSromebi qarTul, rusul
da inglisur enebze gamoqveynebulia qarTul da ucxour maRalreitingul samecniero gamocemebSi. mis mier miRebulma Sedegebma mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula
arawrfivi dinamikuri marTvis sistemebis
Semdgom ganviTarebaSi.
nayofier samecniero-kvleviT moRvaweobas givi bolqvaZe aqtiurad uxamebda
pedagogiur saqmianobas, romelsac is
eweoda ivane javaxiSvilis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi, saqarTvelos
teqnikur universitetSi da baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universitetSi .
batoni givi aSkarad grZnobda, rom Tavis qveyanas upirvelesad aq, baTumSi Wirdeboda. igi mudmivad fiqrobda baTumis
universitetis Semdgom ganviTarebaze.
samwuxaroa, rom mas mravali saintereso
gegmis da Canafiqris ganxorcieleba aRar
dascalda. wavida Cvengan da Tan gaiyola
bevri ausrulebeli ocneba, dReniadag
mSfoTavi, mebrZoli suli, samSoblos
usazRvro siyvaruli da momavlis rwmena,
romliTac igi mudam iyo ganmsWvaluli.
prof. givi bolqvaZis naTeli xsovna
didxans darCeba misi kolegebis, megobrebisa da studentebis mexsierebaSi.
vladimer WavWaniZis
kibernetikis instituti
baTumis SoTa rusTavelis
saxelmwifo universiteti
fizika-m
maTematikis
da kompiuterul
mecnierebaTa fakulteti
CMYK
12
ianvari
aWaris daculi teritoriebis tyis mcenareuloba
(mravalferovneba, tipologia, ekologia)
aWaris floristuli raioni mdebareobs msoflioSi aRiarebuli kavkasiis “cxeli wertilis” dasavleT
kavkasionis koridoris Crdilo-dasavleT nawilSi, romelic gamoirCeva
reliqturi kolxuri floris da maT
Soris, kolxeTis mTisa da mTiswineTis teniani tyeebis unikaluri
mravalferovnebiT, romlis dacvasa
da SenarCunebas dRes aWaris daculi
teritoriebi asruleben. aq warmodgenili tyis mcenareulobis mravalferovneba da misi tipologiuri da
ekologiuri aspeqtebi yovelTvis
gansazRvravda da gansazRvravs mecnier-mkvlevarTa, naturalistTa da
mravalricxovan bunebis moyvarulTa
did interess.
naSromSi Seswavlilia kintriSis
daculi teritoriebis da mtiralas
erovnuli parkis tyis ZiriTadi formaciebis fitocenologiuri da saxeobrivi mravalferovnebis Tanamedrove mdgomareoba, sadac velur floraSi gamoiyofa tyis mcenareulobis 5
formacia, 25 asociaciebis jgufi,
tyis fitocenozis 35 ZiriTadi tipi
(asociacia).
kintriSis daculi teritoriebis
floris analizidan warmodgenilia
894 saxeobiT, romlebic 116 ojaxis
396 gvarSi erTiandebian, maT Soris
gvimranairia 29 saxeoba-3,2%, romlebic erTiandebian 13 ojaxsa da 18
gvarSi. SiSvelTeslovania - 5 saxeoba0,6%, romlebic aq warmodenilni arian 3 ojaxiT da 2 gvariT da farulTeslovani 100 ojaxisa da 572 gvariT
warmodgenili 861 saxeoba-96,3%. mcenareTa sasicocxlo formebis mravalferovneba, raodenoba da urTierTTanafardobis biologiuri speqtri
Semdegnairadaa warmoCenili:
redaqtori:
ioseb sanikiZe
mtirals erovnul parkis floris
analizidan dafiqsirebuli 521 saxeobidan gvimranairia 25 saxeoba (4,8%),
romlebic erTiandebian 13 ojaxsa da
16 gvarSi. SiSvelTeslovania 1 saxeoba
(0,2%), da farulTeslovani 495 saxeoba (95%), romlebic 92 ojaxsa da 288
gvarSi erTiandebian. mcenareTa sasicocxlo formebis mravalferovneba,
raodenoba da urTierTTanafardobis
biologiuri speqtri Semdegnairadaa
warmoCenili:
kintriSis daculi teritoriebisa
da mtiralas erovnuli parkis floraSi gansakuTrebuli adgili endemur
floras uWiravs, romelsac didi
mniSvneloba aqvs regionaluri florogenezuri procesebis dadgenisaTvis, rac gzas gvixsnis florisa da
mcenareulobis Camoyalibebisa da misi Semdgomi ganviTarebis Secnobisaken.
orive teritoriaze endemuri saxeobebi Semdegnairad nawildebian:
moCnda, rom daavadebas iwvevs soko
cylindrocladum buxicola. bzis aRniSnuli daavadeba cota mogvianebiT,
2011 wlis Semodgomaze, kintriSis dacul teritoriebzec gavrcelda.
aseve dRemde sagangaSoa daculi
teritoriebis wablnarebis fitosanitaruli mdgomareoba. sakvlevi teritoriis wablnarebSi, xeebis daaxloebiT 75-80% gamxmaria. mTavari mizezia
qerqis kibo (Cryphonectria parasitica).
qerqis kibos garda dacul teritoriebze SemCneulia aseve wablis
naRmisebri CrCili (Cameraria ohridella deschka). mweris matli ikvebeba wablis foTlebiT. SemCneulia agreTve cacxvisa da Telis foTlebzec.
kintriSis daculi teritoriebisa
da mtiralas erovnuli parkis teritoriaze warmodgenili merqnian mcenareTa saxeobebidan Crdilis amtania
10 saxeoba, sinaTlis moyvarulia 69,
siTbos momTxovnia 58, yinvagamZlea
36, mezofiti, anu niadagis tenianobisadmi saSualo moTxovnilebisaa 23,
higrofiti, anu niadagis tenianobisadmi momTxovnia 2 saxeoba.
ekologiuri faqtorebidan gamomdinare aWaris dacul teritoriebze
Seswavlilia iSviaTi da qrobadi saxeobebis daavadebebi, romelic bolo
wleebSi aWaris dacul teritoriebze
gamovlenil daavadebebs Soris gansakuTrebiT sagangaSoa bzis koromebis
masobrivi xmoba, romlis drosac gamovlinda sneulebis Semdegi simptomebi: bzis foTlebze gaCnda muqi yavisferi laqebi da moSavo zolebi, ris
Sedegadac daiwyo foTlebis cvena.
aseTi simptomebi aReniSneboda mtiralas erovnul parkSi gavrcelebuli
kolxuri bzis (Buxus colchica), 70%-s.
laboratoriuli kvlevis Sedegad aR-
rekomendaciebi
1. aWaris daculi teritoriebis
tradiciuli gamoyenebis da sameurneo zonaSi tyis mcenareulobis aRdgena-ganaxlebis grZelvadiani miznebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis aucilebelia kolxeTis regionisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli reliqturi da endemuri
saxeobisaTvis zonaluri sanerge meurneobebisa da sadede plantaciebis
mowyoba zRvis donidan sxvadasxva simaRleze, standartuli sargavi masalis warmoeba da maTi perioduli repatriacia struqturadarRveul tyis
ekosistemebSi.
2. aWaris dacul teritoriebze gavrcelebuli ZiriTadi mavnebel-daavadebebis winaaRmdeg brZolis upirveles da
gadaudebel RonisZiebebad migvaCnia:
gamxmari xeebis moWra da tyidan gamotana; Camocvenili foTlebis, ylortebis
Segroveba da dawva, an Rrmad Camarxva;
daavadebul adgilebze fungicidebis
Sesxureba; mizanSewonilia Seswavlil
iqnes aRniSnuli daavadebebis ganviTarebis cikli da SemuSavdes maT winaaRmdeg brZolis efeqturi RonisZiebebi.
3. aWaris daculi teritoriebis
tyis mcenareulobis biologiuri mravalferovneba saSualebas iZleva ekologiur-saganmanaTleblo potencialis ufro efeqturi gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT, rac upirveles yovlisa gamoixateba daculi teritoriebis sazRvrebSi turistul-saganmanaTleblo bilikebis da gadamfren frinvelebze saTvalTvalo koSkebis qselis
gafarToebaSi; turistuli, SemecnebiTi da saganmanaTleblo informaciebis
ganaxlebaSi uaxloes monacemebze dayrdnobiT da mis farTod gavrcelebaSi.
4. aWaris daculi teritoriebis,
rogorc globaluri mniSvnelobis mqone mcenareTa da cxovelTa konservaciis umniSvnelovanesi obieqtebis Semdgomi funqcionirebis mTavari mizania
veluri bunebis SenarCuneba da misi
marTva minimaluri samenejmento CareviT, raTa garantirebul iqnes ekosistemebis funqcionireba, ekosistemuri
procesebis bunebrivi mimdinareoba.
ruslan daviTaZe,
soflis meurneobis
akademiuri doqtori
gazeTi daibeWda
gamomcemloba
`samSobloSi~
2 18 07 76; 5 99 95 31 90
specialisti:
nestan mamuWaZe
mis.: q. Tbilisi,
robaqiZis 7