Gerlyver Skol - A Dictionary for Schools

Gerlyver Skol - A Dictionary for Schools

Gerlyver Skol
- A Dictionary for School
Synsas ◊ Contents
Gerlyver ◊ Dictionary ................................................ 1
Notyans ◊ Notation .................................................. 68
Sonyow Tyckli ◊ Tricky Sounds ........................ 68
Treylyans ◊ Mutation .............................................. 69
Rakhenwyn ◊ Pronouns ........................................ 69
Rag-eryow ◊ Prepositions.................................... 70
Gerlyver ◊ Dictionary
A, a
aardvark, n. porghel dor, m. porghellow dor
ability, n., gallos m., gallosow
able, adj., abel
to be able, v., gallos
to be able <> gallos
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd m.
3rd f.
1st
2nd
3rd
Present tense
Past tense
gallav (vy)
gyllydh (ta)
gyll (ev)
gyll (hi)
gyllis (vy)
gylsys (ta)
gallas (ev)
gallas (hi)
gyllyn (ni)
gyllowgh (hwi)
gyllons (i)
gylsyn (ni)
gylsowgh (hwi)
galsons (i)
abbreviate, v., berrhe
abbreviation, n., berrheans m., berrheansow
about, prep., a-dro dhe2
Have you heard about Chloe?
A wruss’ ta klewes a-dro dhe Chloe?
above, prep., a-ugh
abroad, (overseas), adj., tramor
absorption, (Science), denans m.
abstract, adj., anpythek
abstract, (Art & Design), n., anpythek, f.,
anpythegow
abundant, adj., pals
acceptable adj., kemeradow
access, n., hedhas m., hedhasow
accompaniment, (Music), n., keveylyans m.,
keveylyansow
according to, prep., herwydh
achievement, n., kowlwrians m., kowlwriansow
acid, (Science), n., trenken f., trenkennow
acrobat, n., lappyer m., lappyoryon
acrylic, n., akrylyk m., akrylygow
active, (PE), adj., bewek
activity, n., aktivita m., aktivitow
actor, n., gwarier m., gwarioryon
add, v., keworra
addict, (PSHE), n., stoffgi m., stoffgeun
addition, (Maths), n., keworrans m.,
keworransow
address, n., trigva f., trigvaow
adjacent, (Maths), n., tu kevogas m.
adjective, n., hanow-gwann m., henwyn-gwann
administer, v., menystra
administration, n., menystrans m.
administrator, n., menystryer m.,
menystryoryon
admit, (confess), v., avowa
advantage, n., les m.
advantageous, adj., dhe les
advertisement, n., argemmyn m., argemynnow
advice, n., kussul f.
advise, v., kussulya
aerobic, adj., ayrobek
aeroplane, n., jynn-ebron m., jynnow-ebron
aesthetic, adj., athesyk
afraid, adj., ownek
I am afraid of spiders.
Yma own dhymm a gevnis.
after [i] (time only), prep.,wosa
The bus left after Music Club.
An kyttrin a asas wosa Klub Ilow.
after [ii], (time and space), war-lergh
After you, War dha lergh
afternoon, n., dohajydh m.
Good afternoon!
Dohajydh da!
afterwards, adv., awosa
again, adv., arta
Again please
Arta mar pleg
against [i], (spatial), prep., orth
The chair is against the wall.
Yma an gador orth an fos.
against [ii], (opposition), prep., er bynn
That’s against the law.
Henn yw er bynn an laha.
age, n., oos m., osow
agile, adj., skav
agility, n., skavder m.
ago, phr., nans yw
I came to this school five years ago.
My a dheuth dhe’n skol ma nans yw pymp
bledhen.
agree, v., akordya
air
agreed, adj., akordys
air, n., ayr m.
airport, n., ayrborth m., ayrborthow
alas!, interject., soweth!
algebra, n., algebra m.
aliteration, n., keslytherennans m.
alive, adj., bew
alkali, n., lisliwen f., lisliwennow
all, adj., oll
All together!
Oll war-barth!
alleyway, n., op m., opyow
allmighty, adj., ollgallosek
allow, v., gasa
almost, adv., namna2, namnag (before vowels)
He almost finishes at five o’clock.
Namna worfennas ev dhe bymp eur.
He is almost finished.
Namnag yw ev gorfennys.
along, adv., a-hys
already, adv., seulabrys
alright, phr., da lowr
alphabet, n., lytherennek f., lytherennegi
also, adv., ynwedh
although, connec., kyn5, (kynth before vowels)
It wasn’t Rex although I did see a dog.
Nyns o Rex kyn hwrug vy gweles ki.
Take a coat although it’s warm.
Kemmer kota kynth yw tomm.
always, adv., pup-prys
ambulance, n., karr-klavji m., kerri-klavji
Did you know that karr klavji literally means ‘sick house
cart’? It’s the same number of syllables as the English.
America, (place), Amerika m.
American, adj., amerikanek
among, prep., yn mysk
amuse, v., didhana
amusing, adj., didhan
anchovy, n., pysk pitsa coll.
and, connec., ha, (hag before vowels)
The Cornish flag is white and black.,
An baner kernewek yw gwynn ha du
The Cornish motto is ‘One and all.’
An lavar kernewek yw ’Onan hag oll.’
angel, n., el m., eledh
anger, n., sorr m.
angle, n., elin m., elinyow
angry, adj., serrys
ankle, n., ufern m., ufernyow, dewufern, dual
animal, n., enyval m., enyvales
anorak, n., anorak m., anoragow
another, adj., aral (after noun), ken (before
noun)
Would you like another one?
2
Art and Design
A vynnydh ta kavos onan aral?
Can I have another cake please?
A allav vy kavos ken tesen mar pleg?
answer, v., gorthebi
answer, n., gorthyp m., gorthebow
answering machine, jynn-gorthebi m.,
jynnow-gorthebi
ant, n., moryonen f., moryon coll.
any, adj., vyth (in negative expressions)
I did not see any light.
Ny welis vy golow vyth.
any more, adj., na moy
anyone, pron., nebonan
anything [i], n., tra vyth f.
I can’t see anything.
Ny allav vy gweles tra vyth.
anything [ii], pron., neppyth
Can you see anything?
A yllydh ta gweles neppyth?
anxiety, n., preder m., prederow
apart, adv., a-les
apostrophe, n., sygol m., sygollow
apparatus, n., daffar coll.
appear, v., omdhiskwedhes
appearance, n., semlant m., semlans
applause, n., gormola
apple, n., aval m., avalow
apple juice, sugen aval
approach, v., nesa
appropriate, adj., gwiw
approval, n., komendyans m.
approximate, (Maths), v., nesriva
April, n., mis Ebrel m.
The Cornish Language Weekend is held in
April.
Pennseythen Gernewek yw synsys yn mis
Ebrel.
apron, n., apron m., apronyow
archer, n., gwareger m., gwaregoryon
area [i], (Maths), n., arenebedh m., arenebedhow
area [ii], (Geographic), n., ranndir m., ranndiryow
argue, v., dadhla
arm, (body part), n., bregh f., breghow diwvregh
dual
armchair, n., kador-vregh f., kadoryow-bregh
arms, (weapons), n., arvow
to take up arms, arva
art, n., art m., artow
Art Department
Art and Design
Art and Design, (school subject), Art ha Desin
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Art
<>
Art
abstract
acrylic
ceramic
charcoal
collage
colour
composition
contrast
dimension
easel
foreground
form
frieze
highlight
illustration
kiln
landscape
palette
pastel
pattern
perspective
portrait
proportion
sculpture
shape
sketch
technique
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anpythek
akrylyk
priweyth
glowbrenn
kollaj
liw
formyans
gorthenep
myns
margh liwya
ragdir
furv
hirskeusen
golowboyntya
lymnans
oden
tirwel
liwvord
pastel
patron
gologva
portrayans
kemusur
gravyans
shap
linennans
teknek
Art Department, n., Asran Art f.
around, prep., a-dro
Go around the long way!
Kewgh a-dro an fordh hir!
arrogant, adj., gothus
arrow, n., seth f., sethow
article, (text), n., skrif m., skrifow
artist, (painter), n., lymner m., lymnoryon
as [i], adv., avel (sometimes shortened to ‘vel),
mar
The horse is white as snow.
An margh yw gwynn avel an ergh.
As hot as hell.
Mar domm avel yfarn.
as [ii], connec., del2
There’s no rugby as it seems.
Nyns eus rugbi dell hevel.
Lizzy is on the bus as I believe.
Yma Lizzy yn kyttrin dell grysav.
He hasn’t done his homework as usual.
Ny wrug ev gul y obertre dell yw usys.
ask, v., govyn
Ask Mr Polglaze.
Govyn orth Mr Pollglas.
assemble, v., keskorra
astronaut, n., stervarner m., stervarnoryon
Did you know that stervarner literally means ‘star sailor’?
Well spacecraft are called ships.
at [i],(spatial), prep., orth
at [ii], (time), prep., dhe2
The lesson ends at two o’clock.
Yma diwedh an dyskans dhe dhiw eur.
at all, phr., vyth oll.
There’s nobody there at all.
Nyns eus den vyth oll ena.
at last, phr., wortiwedh
athlete, n., athlet m., athletyon
atlas, (Geography), n., mappalyver m.,
mappalyvrow
atmosphere, n., ayrgylgh m.
atom, (single atom), n., atomen f., atomennow
attach, v., staga
attachment, (to document or e-mail), n., stagell
f., stagellow
attack, v., omsettya
attempt [i], n., assay m., assays
attempt [ii], v., assaya
attitude, n., omdhalgh m., omdhalhow
audience, n., bush m., bushow
audio-visual, adj., klew-welyek
au fait, (French), phr., aswonnys dhe
aunt, n., modrep f., modrebedh
August, n., mis Est m.
There’s no school in August – yippee!
Nyns eus skol yn mis Est – yippi!
autumn, n., kynnyav m.
average, (Maths), n., kresek m., kresogow
avoid, v., goheles
awake, adj., difun
awake, v., difuna
away, adv., dhe ves
Go away!
Ke dhe ves!
axis, (Maths), n., eghel f., eghelow
3
balance
baker
be, v., bos
B, b
baby, n., baban m., babanes
back, (of body), n., keyn m., keynow
backwards, adv., war dhelergh
bacon, n., backen m.
bacteria, coll., bakteria
bad, adj., drog
badge, n., arwodhik m., arwodhigow
Did you know that arwodh means ‘sign’ and that the –ik
suffix means ‘little’ so a badge is a ‘little sign’.
to be ◊ bos
(short form)
Present tense
Past tense
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd m.
3rd f.
1st
2nd
3rd
ov (vy)
os (ta)
yw (ev)
yw (hi)
en (vy)
es (ta)
o (ev)
o (hi)
on (ni)
owgh (hwi)
yns (i)
en (ni)
ewgh (hwi)
eni (i)
(long form)
badger, n., brogh m., brohes
badminton, n., badminton m.
bag, n., sagh m., seghyer
bake, v., pobas
baker, n., peber m., peboryon
baker’s shop, n., popti m., poptiow
balance, v., mantola
balance, (Business), gasadow m.
balance, (PE), n., mantolans m., mantolansow
bald, adj., mool
ball, n., pel f., pelyow
balloon, n., pel-ayr f., pelyow-ayr
banana, n., banana m., bananas
band, n., band m., bandow
bang, (explosion), n., tardh m., tardhow
big bang, bomm bras
bank [i], (money), n., arghantti m., arghanttiow
bank [ii], (river bank), n., glann f., glannow
baptism, n., besydh m., besydhyow
bard, n., bardh m., berdh
bargain, n., bargen m., bargenyow
barn, n., skiber f., skiberyow
barrel, n., balyer m., balyeryow
basket, n., kanstel f., kanstellow
basketball, (game), n., pel ganstel f.
bat [i], (animal), n., askel-grohen f., eskellikrohen
bat [ii], (sports), bat m., battow
bath, n., kibel f., kibellow
bathe, v., badha
bathroom, n., stevel-omwolhi f., stevellowomwolhi
battery, n., batri m., batriow
flat battery, batri gwag
battle, n., batal f., batalyow
4
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd m.
3rd f.
1st
2nd
3rd
esov (vy)
esos (ta)
yma (ev)
yma (hi)
esen (vy)
eses (ta)
esa (ev)
esa (hi)
eson (ni)
esowgh (hwi)
esons (i)
esen (ni)
esowgh (hwi)
esens (i)
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd m.
3rd f.
1st
2nd
3rd
(future tense)
bedhav (vy)
bedhydh(ta)
bydh (ev)
bydh (hi)
bedhyn (ni)
bedhowgh (hwi)
bedhons (i)
beach, n., treth m., trethow
bean, n., faven f., fav coll.
beans on toast, fav war grasen
bear, (animal), n., ors m., orses
beard, n., barv m., barvow
beast, n., best m., bestes
beat [i], (strike), v., gweskel
beat [ii], (defeat), v., fetha
beaver, n., lostledan m., lostledanes
beautiful, adj., teg
because, connec., awos, drefen (with negatives)
Because I say/said so!
Awos my dhe leverel!
I am late because I can’t find it.
Diwedhes ov vy drefen na allav vy y
gavos.
bed, n., gweli m., gweliow
bed time, prys gweli
bed and breakfast, gweli ha hansel
best
bedroom, n., chambour m., chambouryow
Did you know that words in Cornish that have <ou> are
borrowed from French? Look out for the others.
bee, n., gwenenen f., gwenennow, gwenen coll.
beef, n., kig bewin m.
beehive, n., kowel-gwenen m., kowellowgwenen
beer, n., korev m., korevow
beetle, n., hwil m., hwiles
begin, v., dalleth
beginning, n., dalleth m.
behave, v., fara
to behave oneself, omdhon
behind, adv., a-dryv
belief, n., kryjyans m., kryjyansow
believe, v., krysi
bell, n., klogh m., klegh
school bell, klogh an skol
Jingle Bells, Klegh a Sen
belong, v., longya
below, adv., a-woles
belt, n., grogys m., grogysyow
seat belt, grogys-kador f., grogysyow-kador
bench, n., form m., formow
bend, v., plegya
bent, adj., kamm
beside, prep., ryb
best, superlative, an gwella
betray, v., trayta
better, comparative, gwella
between, prep., yntra (ynter before vowels)
A rose between two thorns…
Rosen yntra dew dhren…
Technology is between Art and Maths.
Yma Teknologieth ynter Art hag
Awgrym.
bias, n., posans m., posansow
bicycle, n., diwros f., diwrosow
bicycle lane, bownder dhiwrosa
big, adj., bras
bill, n., reken m., reknow
bin [i], n., kist atal f., kistyow atal
bin [ii], v., tewlel a-ves
binary (IT), adj., dewek
bird, n., edhen f., ydhyn
birthday, n., penn-bloodh m., pennow-bloodh
birthday cake, tesen benn-bloodh f.
birthday card, karten benn-bloodh f.,
kartennow penn-bloodh
beside
biscuit, n., tesen gales f., tesennow kales
Did you know that tesen gales literally means ‘hard
cake’? So what’s Cornish for Jaffa Cake? Tesen Jaffa,
because it is a cake and not a biscuit – ask the Tax Office.
bit [i], n., tamm m., temmyn
bit by bit, tamm ha tamm
bit [ii], (computer), byt m., byttys
bitch, n., gast f., gesti
bite [i], n., brath m., brathow
bite [ii], v., bratha
black, adj., du
blackberry, n., moren dhu f., mor du coll.
blackboad, n., bord du m.
blame, v., kabla
blind [i], adj., dall
blind [ii], v., dalla
blind man’s buff, margh dall
blood, n., goos m.
blouse, n., hevis m., hevisyow
blow, (air), v., hwytha
blue, adj., glas
Did you know that glas can also mean ‘green’ or ‘grey’?
Glas really translates as the ‘the colour of the sea’. Be
careful though as only living things that are green can be
called glas.
blunt, adj., sogh
board [i], (wooden), n., bord m., bordow
board [ii], (committee), n., kesva f., kesvaow
Cornish Language Board
Kesva an Taves Kernewek
boat, n., skath f., skathow
body, n., korf m., korfow
boil, v., bryjyon
boiled egg, n., oy bryjys m., oyow bryjys
bolt, (fastening), n., ebil m., ebilyow
bona fide, (Latin), phr., a fydh da
bone, n., askorn m., eskern
bonfire, n., tanses m., tansesyow
bonnet, (car), n., kogh m., kohow
book, n., lyver m., lyvrow
bookcase, n., argh-lyvrow f., arhow-lyvrow
bookshop, n., lyverji m., lyverjiow
boot [i], (car), n., , trog m., trogow
boot [ii], (footwear), n., botasen f., botas coll.
border, n., or m., oryon
bore, (a hole), v., telli
boring, (wearying), adj., skwithus
born, adj., genys
bother, v., trobla
bottle, n., bottel m., bottellow
bottom [i], (not top), n., goles m., golesow
bottom [ii], (rump), tin f., tinyow
5
brick
bow, n., gwarak m., gwaregow
bowl, n., bolla m., bollow
box, n., kist f., kistyow
boxing, v., boksesi m.
Boxing Day, n., Dy’gol Stefan m.
boy, n., maw m., mebyon
bra, n., diwvronner m., diwvroneryow
bracelet, n., breghellik m., breghelligow
bracket, n., korbel m., korblow
bramble, n., dreysen f., dreys coll.
branch, n., skorren f., skorr coll., skorrennow
brass, n., brest m.
brass band, band brest
bread, n., bara m.
brown bread, bara gell
nan bread, bara nan
pitta bread, bara pitta
white bread, bara gwynn
wholemeal bread, bara gwaneth
break [i], (rest), n., powes m.
break [ii], (break) v., terri
breakdown [i], n., torrva f., torrvaow
breakdown [ii], (Business), analysis m.,
analysisow
break-even, (Business), poynt gwayn m.
breakfast, n., hansel m., hanselyow
bed and breakfast, gweli ha hansel
breast, (of body), n., bronn f., bronnow,
diwvron dual
breath, n., anal f.
Breton [i], adj., bretonek,
Breton [ii], (language), Bretonek m.
Did you know that the language closest to Cornish is
Breton? A Cornish speaker can understand alot of what
a Breton speaker is saying.
brick, n., bryck m., bryckow
bride, n., benyn-bries f., benenes-pries
bridegroom, n., gour-pries m., gwer-bries
bridesmaid, n., moren-bries f., morenyon-pries
bridge, n., pons m., ponsyow
brief, (Technology), n., oberen f., oberennow
bright, adj., splann
bring, v., dri
Britain, (place), Breten Veur f.
British [i], adj., predennek
British [ii], (language), Predennek f.
Did you know that Cornish, Welsh and Breton evolved
from the British language? British was spoken from
Southern Brittany up to the north of Scotland.
Brittany, (place), Breten Vyghan f.
broad, adj., efan ledan
6
Breton
broccoli, n., kowlvleujen f., kowlvleujennow
broken, adj., terrys
bronze, n., brons m.
broom, n., skubell f., skubellow
brother, n., broder m., breder
brow, (forehead), n., tal m., talyow
brown, adj., gell
browse, (Internet), v., peuri
browser, (Internet), n., peurel f., peurellow
brush, n., skubell f., skubellow
brush, v., skubella
bucket, n., kelorn m., kelern
buckle [i], n., bockyl m., bocklow
buckle [ii], v., bockla
Buddhism, Buddieth f.
budgerigar, n., budji m., budjiow
build, v., drehevel
builder, n., drehever, m., drehevoryon
builder’s bum, diwbedren drehever
building, n., drehevyans m., drehevyansow
School
buildings
bus bays
car park
main entrance
reception
office
hall
corridor
Maths
department
English
department
Art department
drama studio
laboratory
lab
stairs
lift
sports hall
playing fields
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Drehevyansow
skol
park kyttrinva
park kerri
porth meur
degemerva
sodhva
hel
tremenva
asran Awgrym
asran Sowsnek
asran Art
studhla Drama
arbrovji
arb
grisyow
jynn-yskynna
sportva
parkow gwari
bulb, (light), n., bollen f., bollennow
bull, n., tarow m., terewi
bum, (rump), tin f., tinyow
bun, n., torthel f., torthellow
bunk bed, n., gweli-bonk m., gweliow-bonk
bunch [i], (of stuff), n., gronn m., gronnow
bunch [ii], (of people), n., bagas m., bagasow
buoy, n., morverk m., morverkow
burn, v., leski
burrow, (of an animal), n., toll m., tell
bus, n., kyttrin m., kyttrinyow
bus bay, kyttrinva f., kyttrinvaow
busy
Business Studies
bus driver, lewyer-kyttrin m., lewyoryongyttrin
bus station, gorsav-kyttrin m., gorsavowkyttrin
bus stop, savla-kyttrin m., savleow–kyttrin
bush, n., prysken f., pryskennow , prysk coll.
business, n., negys m.
Business Studies, (school subject), Studhyans
Negys
Business
Studies
<>
Studhyans
Negys
accounts
asset
balance
brand
breakdown
break even
cashflow
company
competition
costs
credit
debit
debt
economics
export
franchise
gross profit
import
inflation
market
nett profit
overdraft
product
profit
promotion
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akontow
pyth
gasadow
merk
analysis
poynt gwayn
fros-mona
kowethas
kesstrif
kostow
kresys
debys
kendon
erbysieth
esporthi
franchis
budh kowal
ynporth
hwythans
marhas
budh ylyn
gordennva
askorras
budh
avonsyans
MacBeth a veu skrifys gans William
Shakespeare.
by [ii], (until), prep., bys dhe
by tomorrow, bys dhe a-vorow
by [iii], prep., dre2 (before consonants), der
(before vowels)
by post, dre lyther
They came by bus.
I a wrug dos der an kyttrin.
byte, n., bayt m., baytow
busy, adj., bysi
but, connec., mes
butcher, n., kiger m., kigoryon
butcher’s shop, kigti m., kigtiow
butter, n., amanyn m.
butterfly, n., tykki-Duw m., tykkiow-Duw
Did you know that tykki-Duw literally means ‘God’s
pretty thing’? Also we use tykki-Duw nos for moth.
buttock, n., pedren f., pedrennow , diwbedren
dual
button, n., boton m., botonyow
button hole, n., toll-boton m., tell-boton
buy, v., prena
by [i], prep., (done by), gans
MacBeth was written by William
Shakespeare.
7
celebrate
ceiling
C, c
cabbage, n., kowlen f., kowl coll.
cable, n., gwivren f., gwivrennow
café, n., koffiji m., koffijiow
cage, n., kowel m., kowellow
cake, n., tesen f., tesennow
calculator, n., reknell f., reknellow
calendar, n., lyver-dedhyow m., lyvrowdedhyow
calf [i], (of leg), berr f., berrow
calf [ii], (young cow), n., leugh m., leuhi
call, v., gelwel
calm, adj., kosel
camel, n., kowrvargh m., kowrvarghes
camera, n., kamera m., kameras
camp [i], n., kamp m., kampow
camp [ii], v., kampya
can [i], (container), n., kanna m., kannow
can [ii], (be able to), v., gallos
canal, n., dowrgleudh m., dowrgleudhyow
candle, n., kantol f., kantolyow
candle-stick, n., kantolbren m., kantolbrennyer
candy floss, n., komolen sugra f., komol sugra
coll.
cannon, n., kanon m., kanonyow
canoe, n., kanou m., kanouyow
canteen, n., bewdern m.,
cap, n., kappa m., kappow
captain, n., kapten m., kaptenyon
car, n., karr m., kerri
car park, park-kerri m., parkow-kerri
car wash, golghva-gerri f.
caravan, n., karavan m., karavanyow
carbohydrate, karbohydrat m., karbohydratow
card, n., karten f., kartennow
birthday card, karten benn-bloodh f.,
kartennow penn-bloodh
Christmas card karten Nadelik f., kartennow
Nadelik
credit card, karten-gresys f., kartennowkresys
cash card, karten-vona f., kartennow-mona
care, (keeping), n., gwith,
take care, kemmer with (sing. ), kemerewgh
with
cardiovascular, adj., kolonnwythiek
cargo, n., karg m., kargow
carpenter, n., ser-prenn m., seri-brenn
carpet, n., leurlen f., leurlennow
carrot, n., karetysen f., karetys coll.
carry, v., don
cart, n., kert m., kertow
8
cartridge, n., (ink), kisten ynk f., kistennow ynk
case [i], (box), n., trog m., trogow
case [ii], (circumstance), n., kas m.
in case, rag own
cash, n., mona coll.
cash flow, fros mona m.
castle, n., kastel m., kastylli
cat, n., kath f., kathes
Kath (character from Porth II)
catch, v., kachya
category, n., klass m., klassow
caterpillar, n., pryv-del m., preves-del
cathedral, n., penneglos f., penneglosyow
Catholic, adj., Katholik
cattle, n., buhes
cauldron, n., kawdarn m., kawdarnow
cauliflower, n., kowlvleujen f., kowlvleujennow
cause [i], n., acheson m., achesonyow
cause [ii], v., gul dhe
to be the cause of, bos an acheson
cautious, adj., war
CD, n., ci di, m., ci diow , abbrev., CD, CDow
ceiling, n., nen m., nenyow
celebrate, v., solempnya
celebration, n., solempnyans m., solempnyansow
celebrity, goraswonnek f., goraswonegow
Goraswonnek (character in Porth)
cell [i], (Science), kell f. kellow
cell [ii], (prison), n., bagh f., baghow
cellar, n., dorgel f., dorgellow
Celt, n., Kelt m., Keltyon
Celtic, adj., Keltek
Did you know that there are only six Celtic countries?
These are Brittany, Cornwall, Isle of Man, Ireland,
Scotland and Wales. They are Celtic because they have a
living Celtic language.
central, adj., kres
century, n., kansvledhen f., kansvledhynyow
centre, (middle), n., kres m.
ceramic, n., priweythen f., priweyth
cereal, coll., greunvos
ceremony, n., solempnita m., solempnitow
certain [i], (certain), adj., diogel
certain [ii], (a certain one), pron., unn
One Man Went To Mow
Unn Den Eth Rag Treghi
certainly, adv., yn tiogel
chair, n., kador f., kadoryow
Kador (character in Porth)
chalk, n., krey m.
chance, n., chons m.
chaos, n., deray m.
charity, n., cherita m.
charity shop, gwerthji cherita
climb
chatter, v., klappya
changing room, n., gwiskva f., gwiskvaow
chapel, n., chapel m., chapelyow
charcoal, n., glowbrennen f., glowbrennow
chart, n., tresen f., tresennow
chase, v., chassya
cheek [i], (face), n., bogh f., boghow, diwvogh
dual
cheek [ii], (buttock), n., pedren f., pedrennow,
diwbedren dual
cheese, n., keus m., keusyow
check-out, n., rekenva f., rekenvaow
chef, n., koger m., kogoryon
Kogor (character from Porth II)
chemical [i], adj., kemyk
chemical [ii], n., kemygen f., kemygennow
cherry, n., keresen f., keres coll.
chess, n., gwydhbol m.
chest [i], (body), n., brest m.
chest [ii], (container), n., argh f., arhow
chestnut, n., kestenen f., kesten coll.
chew, v., knias
chick, n., mabyar f., mabyer
Did you know that mabyar is the word for a pullet in
Cornish Dialect. It is one of the few words from Cornish
language that have found its way into Cornish Dialect.
chicken [i], (bird), n., yar f., yer
chicken [ii], (meat), n., kig yar m.
child, n., flogh m., flehes
chimney, n., chymbla m., chymblys
chin, n., elgeth f., elgethyow
chip, n., asklosen f., asklos coll.
chip shop, asklotti m., asklottiow
fish and chips, pysk hag asklos
chocolate, n., choklet m., chokletow
choir, n., keur m., keuryow
compatible, adj., kesplegadow
choose, v., dewis
chop, v., nadha
chopstick, n., gwelennik f., gwelenigow
chord, (Music), n., kord m., kordow
chough, n., palores f., paloresow
Christian, adj., kristyon
Christianity, n., Kristonedh m.
Christmas, n., Nadelik f.,
Christmas card karten Nadelik f., kartennow
Nadelik
Christmas Day, Dydh Nadelik
Christmas tree, gwedhen Nadelik f., gwydh
Nadelik coll.
chromatic, (Music), adj., kromatek
church, n., eglos f., eglosyow
cider, n., cider m.
cinema, n., mirji m., mirjiow
circle, n., kylgh m., kylghyow
climate
circumference, n., kehysedh m., kehysedhow
circus, n., cirk m., cirkow
citizen, n., burjes m., burjesyon
city, n., cita f., citys
capital city, n., penncita f., penncitys
civilisation, (History), n., civilegeth f.,
civilegethow
clap, v., takya
class, n., klass m., klassow
clause, (English), n., kemel f., kemellow
claw [i], n., ewin m., ewines
claw [ii], v., kravas
clay, n., pri m.
clay pit, n., poll pri m.
clean [i], adj., glan
clean [ii], v., glanhe
clear, adj., kler
clearly, adv., yn kler
clever, adj., skentel
cliché, n., krindhyth m., krindhythow
cliff, n., als f., alsyow
climate, n., hin f.
climb, v., yskynna
cloak, n., klok m., klokyow
clock, n., klock m., klockow
close [i], adj., ogas
The headteacher’s office is close to the main
enterance.
Yma sodhva an penndyskader ogas dhe’n
porth meur.
close [ii], v., degea
Close the door please.
Dege an daras mar pleg.
closely, adv., yn ogas
closed, adj., deges
cloth, n., kweth f., kwethow
9
climb
come
clothes, n., dillas coll.
school clothes, dillas skol coll.
clothes
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dillas
belt
blouse
boots
bra
coat
dress
fleece
hat
jeans
knickers
pullover, jumper
shirt
shoes
socks
tie
trainers
trousers
T-shirt
underpants
vest
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<>
<>
<>
<>
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grogys
hevis
botasow
diwvronner
kota
pows
knew
hat
jins
skantys
gwlanek
krys
eskisyow
lodrow
kolm konna
skyjyow sport
lavrek
krys T
islavrek
vesta
cloud, n., komolen f., komelennow , kommol coll.
cloudy, adj., komolek
clown, n., lorden m., lordenyon
coal, n., glow m.
coat, n., kota m., kotow
coast, n., arvor m., arvoryow
cod, n., barvus m., barvusi
coffee, n., koffi m., koffiow
coil, n., torgh f., tergh
Did you know that torgh is also the word for the heavy
loop of gold cable worn around the neck by Celtic
chieftens?
coin, n., bath m., bathow
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
clock
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o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
o’clock
1:00
2:00
3:00
4:00
5:00
6:00
7:00
8:00
9:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
five past
ten past
quarter past
twenty past
twenty five past
half past
twenty five to
twenty to
quarter to
ten to
five to
unn eur
diw eur
teyr eur
peder eur
pymp eur
hwegh eur
seyth eur
eth eur
naw eur
deg eur
unnek eur
dewdhek eur
pymp wosa
deg wosa
kwarter wosa
ugens wosa
pymp war’n ugens wosa
hanter wosa
pymp war’n ugens dhe
ugens dhe
kwarter dhe
deg dhe
pymp dhe
cold [i], adj., yeyn
It’s cold outside.
Yeyn yw yn mes.
cold [ii], (illness) anwos m.
I’ve got a cold.
Yma anwos warnav vy.
coldness, n., (temperature) yeynder m.
collage, n., kollaj m., kollajow
collect, v., kuntel
collection (art), n., kuntel m. kuntellow
college, n., kolji m., koljiow
colony, n., trevesigeth f., trevesigethow
colour, n., liw m., liwyow
colours
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liwyow
black
blue
brown
flesh
green
grey
orange
pink
purple
red
white
yellow
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<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
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du
glas
gell
kigliw
gwyrdh
loos
rudh-velyn
rudh-wynn
purpur
rudh
gwynn
melyn
come, v., dos
10
0:05
0:10
0:15
0:20
0:25
0:30
0:35
0:40
0:45
0:50
0:55
klock
comb
comb [i], n., krib f., kribow
comb [ii], v., kribas
comedian, n., gesyer m., gesyoryon
comfortable, adj., es
comic [i], adj., hwarthus
comic [ii], n., (paper), komik m., komigow
comma, n., komma m., komaow
command [i], n., arghadow m.,arghadowyow m.
command [ii], v., erghi
common, adj., kemmyn
communicate, v., keskomunya
communications, n., komow
communist [i], adj., kemynek
communist [ii], n., kemyneger m.,
kemynegoryon
company [i], n., kowethyans m.
company [ii], (Business), n., kowethas m.,
kowethasow
compare, v., keheveli
comparison, n., kehevelyans m.,
kehevelyansow
comparative, (MFL), adj., kehevelus
compass, (magnetic), n., mornaswydh f.,
mornaswydhow
compel, v., kompella
competition, n., kesstrif m., kesstrifow
complete [i], adj., dien
complete [ii], v., kowlwul
completely, adv., yn tien
component, n., rann f., rannow
compromise, n., kesassoylyans m.,
kesassoylyansow
composition, n., formyans m., formyansow
computer, n., jynn-amontya m., jynnowamontya
conceive, (a child), v., omdhon
concern, n., bern m., bernow
concern, v., didheuri
concert, (performance), n., keskan f., keskanow
conclusion, (Science), gorfen m., gorfennow
condensation, n., gluthyans m.
cone, n., pigern m., pigernow
confection, n., kyfeyth m., kyfeythyow
confess, v., avowa
confession, n., avowans m., avowansow
conflict, n., kas f., kasow
connect, (IT), v., junya
connect to, junya gans
connection, (IT), n., junyans m., junyansow
consequence, n., sewyans m., sewyansow
consider, v., prederi
console, n., konsolen f., konsolennow
video game console, konsolen wariowgwydhyow f.
consonant, n., kethsonen f., kethsonennow
constitution, n., korf lagha m.
continue, v., pesya
cow
contour, n., kettres m., kettresow
contrast, n., gorthenep m., gorthenebow
control [i], v., rewlya
control [ii], (PSHE), n., kontrolyans m.
conversation, n., keskows m., keskowsow
convert, v., treylya
cook [i], n., kog m., kogyon
cook [ii], v., kegi
cooker, n., kogforn f., kogfornow
co-operate, v., kesoberi
coordinate, (Maths), n., kestyleren f.,
kestylerennow
copper, n., kober m.
cord, n., korden f., kerdyn
Cornish [i], adj., kernewek
Cornish [ii], (language), n., Kernewek m.
Cornish speaker, kerneweger m.,
kernewegoryon
Cornwall, (place), Kernow f.
Did you know that Kernow also means ‘corners’? Look at
the map and you’ll see why.
correct [i], adj., ewn
correct [ii], v., ewna
corridor, n., tremenva f., tremenvaow
cost, n., kost m., kostow
costume, n., gwisk m., gwiskow
cottage, n., krowji m., krowjiow
cotton wool, n., gwlan koton coll.
cough [i], n., pas m., pasow
cough [ii], v., pasa
council, n., konsel m., konselyow
count, v., amontya
counterfeit [i], adj., fug
counterfeit [ii], v., fugya
coup, n., coup m.
coup d’ état, (French), phr., coup
coup de grâce, (French), phr., gwesk mernans
course [i], n., (study), steus f., steusow
course [ii], (direction), n., hyns m., hensyow
country, n., bro f., broyow
court, n., lys m., lysyow
Did you know that the Cornish name for County Hall is Lys
Kernow? It is not a direct translation but means
‘Cornwall court’
courtyard, n., garth m., garthow
cousin [i], (male), n., kenderow m., kenderwi
cousin [ii], (female), n., keniterow f., keniterwi
cove, n., porth m., porthow
cover [i],, n., kudhlen f., kudhlennow
cover [ii], v., kudha
cow, n., bugh f., bughes
cowboy, n., bughwas m., bughwesyon
11
cowboy
cowshed, n., bowji m., bowjiow
crab, n., kanker m., kankres
Kanker (character in Porth)
crack, v., krackya
crane, (bird & machine), n., garan f., garanes
crawl, v., pedrevanas
crayon, n., kreyon m., kreyonyow
cream, n., dehen m., dehennow
clotted cream, dehen
cream cake, tesen dhehen f., tesennow
dehen
sun cream, dehen-howl m.
create, v., gwruthyl
creation, n., gwrians m., gwriansow
creator, n., gwrier m., gwrioryon
creature, n., kroadur m. kroadures
credit, (praise), bri f., briow
credit, (Business), kresys m.
creek, n., heylyn m., heylynnow
crew, n., meni m., meniow
cricket, n., (sport), krycket m.
crime, n., drogober m., drogoberow
critic, n., barner m., barnoryon
criticise, v., arvreusi
crisps, n., kresigow , kresik (singular)
crochet, n., crochet m., crochetow
crocodile, n., krokodil m., krokodiles
crop, (harvest), n., trevas f., trevasow
cross, v., tremena
crossing place, n., treusva f., treusvaow
level crossing, treusva hyns-horn
crow, n., bran f., brini
crowd, n., bush m., bushow
crown, (royal), n., kurun f., kurunyow
crumb, n., browsyonen f., browsyon coll.
crumble, v., brewi
cry [i], (cry out), v., kria
cry [ii], (weep), v., ola
crystal, n., gwrys m., gwrysow
crystallization, (Science), n., gwrysegans m.,
gwrysegansow
cub, n., kolyn m., kelyn
cube, n., kub m., kubow
cuckoo, n., koukou f., koukous
cucumber, n., kukomber m., kukomberyow
cup, n., hanaf m., hanafow
Hanaf (character from Porth II)
cupboard, n., amari f., amariow
curriculum vitae, (Latin), CV, phr., resek
vewnans
curry, n., kurri m., kurriow
curtain, n., kroglen f., kroglennow
curse [i], n., molleth f., molothow
curse [ii], v., molethi
cursor, (IT), n., reser m., reseryow
curve [i], adj., kromm
curve [ii], n., gwarr f., gwarrow krommen f.
12
cow
cushion, n., pluvek f., pluvogow
Did you know that the Cornish word for ‘cushion’ and
‘pillow’ are the same? Pluvek literally means ‘abounding
in feathers’.
custard, n., kustard m.
cut [i], adj., treghys
cut [ii], n., trogh m., troghow
cut [iii], v., trehi
cycle [i], n., tro f., troyow
cycle [ii], (to ride a cycle), v., diwrosa
cylinder, n., hirgrennen f., hirgrenennow
deafen
deaf
December, n., mis Kevardhu m.
D, d
daddy, n., tasik m.
dairy, n., leti m., letiow
dairy produce, askor lethek m.
damaged, adj., shyndys
dance [i], n., dons m., donsyow
dance [ii], v., donsya
dancer, n., donsyer m., donsyoryon
danger, n., peryl m., peryllyow
dangerous, adj., peryllus
dark, adj., tewal
darkness, n., tewlder m.
data, manylyon coll.
data base, n., sel-dherivadow f., selyowderivadow
date, (historical), n., dedhyas m., dedhyasow
daughter, n., myrgh f., myrghes
day, n., dydh m., dedhyow
day before yesterday, dygynsete
day after tomorrow, trenja
Did you know that the days of the week in Cornish
correspond exactly with the Sun, Moon and planets? Dy’
Lun relates to the Moon, dy’ Meurth to Mars and so on.
days of the week
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dedhyow an seythen
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
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dy’
dy’
dy’
dy’
dy’
dy’
dy’
Lun
Meurth
Mergher
Yow
Gwener
Sadorn
Sul
dead, adj., marow
deaf, adj., bodhar
deafen, v., bodharhe
dear [i], adj., (expensive), ker
Dear as saffron. (Dialect saying)
Ker avel safron
As dear as saffron.
Mar ger avel safron
dear [ii], (in letters) ker
Dear George,
Jori ker,
death, n., mernans m. mernansow
debit, (Business), debys m. debysow ,
debit card, karten-dhebys f., kartennowdebys
debt, n., kendon f., kendonow
Did you know that mis Du literally means ‘black month’
and mis Kevardhu means ‘like the black month’?
The 25th of December is Christmas Day.
An 25es a vis Kevardhu yw dydh Nadelik.
deceive, v., tolla
decide, v., ervira
decimal, n., degedhek m.
deck, n., flour m., flouryow
deck chair, kador-dreth f., kadoryow-treth
Did you know that kador-dreth literally means ‘beach
chair’? Afterall they are far more common on the beach
than on the deck of a ship.
decorate, v., afina
deed, n., (action), gwrians m., gwriansow
deep, adj., down
degree, n., (Maths), degre m., degreow
déjà vu, phr., déjà vu.
delete, v., defendya
delinquent, n., drogwas m., drogwesyon
deliver, v., delivra
demand, n., gorholedh m. gorholedhow
democracy, n., gwerinieth f., gweriniethow
democratic, adj., gwerinel
denomination, (RE), n., hanwans m., hanwansow
denominator, (Maths), n., disrannen f.,
disranennow
dentist, n., medhek-dens m., medhogyon-dhens
deny, v., naha
depart, v., diberth
department, n., asran f., asrannow
English Department, Asran Sowsnek f.
Maths Department, Asran Awgrym f.
depth, n., downder m., downderyow
de rigueur, (French), phr., herwydh hengov
descend, v., diyskynna
description, n., deskrifans m., deskrifansow
desert, n., difeythtir m., difeythtiryow
deserve, v., deservya
design, (Technology), n., desin m., desinyow
desire [i], (need), n., hwans m., hwansow
desire [ii], v., hwansa
desk, n., desk m., deskow
destroy, v., distrui
destruction, n., distruyans m., distruyansow
detention, n., gwithans, m. gwithansow
He got detention.
Yth esa gwithans dhodho.
devil, n., dyowl m., dyowlow
the Devil, an Jowl
By the Devil!, Re’n Jowl!
13
district
diary, n., dydhlyver m., dydhlyvrow
dialogue, (English), n., keskows m. keskowsow
diameter, n., treuslinen f. treuslinennow
diamond, n., adamant m., adamantow
dice, n., dis m., disyow
discipline, n., dyskybeleth f., dyskybelethow
dictator, n., turont m., turontyon
dictionary, n., gerlyver m., gerlyvrow
die, v., merwel
different, adj., dihaval
different from, dihaval dyworth
difficult, adj., kales
diffuse, (Science), v., terlesa
diffusion, (Science), n., terlesans m.
dig, v., palas
digger, (machine), n., jynn-palas m., jynnowpalas
digit, n., bys m., besies
digital, adj., bysyel
dimension, n., myns m., mynsow
dine, v., kinyewel
dining room, stevel-dhybri
dinner, n., kon f., konyow
dinosaur, n., arghpedrevan m., arghpedrevanes
direction, n., tu m., tuyow
director, (Drama), n., lewydh m., lewydhyon
dirt, n., mostedhes m.
dirty, adj., plos
discount [i], n., diskont m., diskontow
discount [ii], v., diskontya
discuss, v., keskewsel
discussion, n., keskows m., keskowsow
disguise [i], n., tollwisk m.
disguise [ii], v., tollwiska
dish, (bowl), n., skala m., skalyow
dishcloth, n., kweth lestri m., kwethow lestri
dishes, n., lestri
to wash the dishes, golhi an lestri
dishwasher, n., jynn-lestri m., jynnow-lestri
displeased, adj., drog peys
distance, n., pellder m., pellderyow
distant, adj., pell
distinct, adj., diblans
district, n., ranndir m., ranndiryow
disturb, v., ankresya
disturbance, n., ankresyans m., ankresyansow
ditch, n., kleudh, m., kleudhyow
dive, v., sedhi
diver, n., sedher m., sedhoryon
divide, v., ranna
divided, adj., rynnys
Six divided by two is three.
Hwegh rynnys gans dew yw tri.
division, (Maths), n., disrennans m.
14
distinct
do, v., gul
to do, to make <> gul
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd masc.
3rd fem.
1st plur.
2nd plur.
3rd plur.
present tense
gwrav (vy)
gwredh (ta)*
gwra (ev)
gwra (hi)
past tense
gwrug (vy)
gwrussys (ta)
gwrug (ev)
gwrug (hi)
gwren (ni)
gwrewgh (hwi)
gwrons (i)
gwrussyn (ni)
gwrussowgh (hwi)
gwrussons (i)
*gwre’ (ta) is more commonly used
doctor, n., (medical), medhek m., medhogyon
document, n., skrifen f., skrifennow
dodgem, n., karr-bonk m., kerri-bonk
dog, n., ki m., keun
female dog, (bitch), gast f., gesti
document, n., skrif m., skrifow
doll, n., dolli f., doliow
dolphin, n., morhogh m., morghohes
Did you know that morhogh literally means ‘sea pig’?
Have a look at the Cornish for ‘shark’.
done, adj., gwrys
donkey, n., asen m., asenes
door, n., daras m., darasow
door handle, dornla m., dornleow
Doppelgänger, (German), n., tebel evel
double, adj., dewblek
dove, n., kolom f., kelemmi
downstairs, adv., war-woles
dragon, n., dragon f., dragones
driver
drive
Drama, (school subject), n., Drama
Drama
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Drama
amphitheatre
applause
audience
costume
curtain
director
dramatic
freeze
image
imagination
improvisation
lighting
monologue
movement
narration
performance
play
prompt
rehearsal
role
scene
spotlight
symbolism
theatre
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plen an gwari
gormel
goslowysi
gwisk
kroglen
lewydh
dramasek
gwel rewys
imaj
awen
ymprovyans
golowans
kows unn den
movyans
derivas
performyans
gwari
kusul
ragober
rann
gwel
nammwolow
arwodhogeth
gwariva
drama studio, n., studhle drama m., studhleow
drama
dramatic, adj., dramasek
draw, (art), v., delinya
drawing, n., delinyans m., delinyansow
drawing pin, n., pynn meus m., pynnow meus
dream [i], n., hunros m., hunrosow
dream [ii], v., hunrosa
dress [i], (frock), n., pows f., powsyow
dress [ii], v., gwiska
to dress oneself, omwiska
dressing gown, n., mantel-nos f., mantelli-nos
drill [i], n., tarder m., terder
drill [ii], v., telli
drink [i], n., diwes m., diwosow
drink [ii], v., eva
drinks
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diwosow
apple juice
coffee
cola
fizzy drink
ginger beer
hot chocolate
juice
milk
milkshake
orange juice
smoothie
tea
water
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sugen avel
koffi
kola
diwes pik-pik
korev jynjyber
choklet tomm
sugen
leth
shakleth
sugen owraval
levenek
te
dowr
drive, v., lewya
driver, n., lewyer m., lewyoryon
drop, (fluid), n., banna m., banaghow
drought, n., seghter m., seghteryow
drown, v., beudhi
drugs, n., drogow coll.
drunk, adj., medhow
drum, n., tabour m., tabouryow
dry, adj., sygh
duchess, n., duges f., dugesow
Duchess of Cornwall, Duges Kernow
duchy, n., duketh f.
duck, n., hos m., heyji
duke, n., duk m.
Duke of Cornwall, Duk Kernow
dung, n., teyl m.
dustbin, n., atalgist f., atalgistyow
dusk, n., mo m.
dust, n., ponn m.
dusty, adj., ponnek
Did you know that we actually have three words for dust;
polter, doust and ponn. Ponn is really ‘light flying dust’
the kind you are most likely to find in school or at home.
duster, n., kweth-ponn f., kwethow-ponn
dustpan, n., padel-bonn f., padellow-ponn
duty, (responsibility), n., dever m.
duvet, n., kolghes f., kolghesow
dwarf, n., korr m., korryon
dwell, v., triga
dynamics, (Music), n., dinamegieth coll.
15
English
English
E, e
each, adj., pub
We will visit each one.
Ni a wra vysytya pub onan.
eagle, n., er m., eres
ear, n., skovarn f., skovarnow diwskovarn dual
early, adv., a-varr
I need to leave early.
Res yw dhymm gasa a-varr.
earn, v., dendil
earth, n., dor m.
Earth, (planet), n., an Bys m.
earthworm, n., bulugen f., bulugennow , buluk
coll.
easel, n., margh-liwya m., mergh-liwya
East [i], adj., est
East [ii], n., Est m.
Easter, n., Pask m.
Easter egg, oy Pask m.
easy, adj., es
easier, comparative, esya, moy es
Cornish is easier than Russian.
Kernewek yw esya ages Russiek.
Cornish is easier than Russian.
Kernewek yw moy es ages Russiek.
eat, v., dybri
economics, n., erbysieth f.
edge, n., amal m., emlow
education, n., adhyskans m.
egg, n., oy m., oyow
egg cup, hanaf oy m., hanafow oy
eight, card., eth
eight o’clock, eth eur
eighth, ord., ethves abbrev., 8ves
eighteen, card., etek
eighteenth, ord., etegves abbrev., 18ves
either... or, connec., po… po
Take either a banana or an apple.
Kemmer po banana po aval.
elbow, n., elin m., elinyow , dewelin dual
electric, adj., tredanek
electrician, n., tredaner m., tredanoryon
electricity, n., tredan m.
electron, n., elektron m., elektronyow
electronic, adj., tredanegek
element, n., elven f., elvennow
elephant, n., olifans m., olifanses
eleven, card., unnek
eleven o’clock, unnek eur
eleventh, ord., unnegves abbrev., 11ves
elf, n., korrigan m., korriganes
e-mail [i], n., e-bost m., e-bostow
e-mail [ii], v., e-bostya
embarrassed, adj., ankombrynsys
16
emotion, n., movyans m., movyansow
emphasis, n., poos m., posow
empire, n., emperoureth f. emperourethow
employment, n., arveth m., arvethow
empty [i], adj., gwag
empty [ii], v., gwakhe
encounter, v., metya
end [i], (head), n., penn m., pennow
end to end, penn dhe benn
end [ii], n., diwedh m.
end [iii], v., diwedha
endure, v., perthi
endurance, (PE), n., perthyans m.
enemy, n., eskar m., eskerens
energy, n., nerth m., nerthow
engine, n., jynn m., jynnow
engine house, jynnji m., jynnjiow
engineer, n., ynjyner m., ynjynoryon
engineering, n., ynjynorieth f.
England, (place), Pow Sows m.
English [i], adj., Sowsnek
English [ii], (language) , n., Sowsnek m.
the English for ‘Kernow’ is Cornwall.
an Sowsnek rag Kernow yw ‘Cornwall.’
English [iii], (school subject), n., Sowsnek
English
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Sowsnek
alliteration
apostrophe
atmosphere
clause
cliché
comma
comparison
consonant
description
dialogue
lighting
exclamation
figure of speech
genre
grammar
homophone
imagery
metaphor
myth
onomatopoeia
paragraph
parenthesis
personification
plural
poetry
prefix
preposition
rhyme
rhythm
sentence
similie
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keslytherennans
syllgol
ayrgylgh
kemel
krindhyth
komma
kehevelyans
kethsonen
deskrifans
keskows
golowans
ger garm
trop
eghen
gramasek
kethsonek
delweth
metafor
henhwedhel
ger herwydh son
rannskrif
krommvagh
personheans
liesplek
bardhonieth
rag-gorrans
rag-er
rim
resyas
lavar
komparyans
eyebrow
eye
stanza
suffix
syllable
synonym
theme
vocabulary
vowel
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gwers
gorfen ger
syllaben
kesstyr
thema
gerva
bogolen
enjoy, v., enjoya
enjoy oneself, omlowenhe
enter, v., entra
enthusiastic, adj., gwresek
entirely, adv., oll
enough, adj., lowr
good enough, da lowr
Did you know that da lowr are probably the most over
used words in spoken Cornish? The phr. can mean
‘satisfactory’, ‘acceptable’, ’good’, as well as ‘OK’.
envelope, n., maylyer m., maylyers
environment, n., kerghynnedh m.
enzyme, n., ensaym m., ensaymyow
equal [i], adj., par kehaval
equal [ii], n., par m., parow
equation, (Maths & Science), n., kehavalyans
m., kehavalyansow
equipment, n., daffar m.
erosion, (Geography), n., esknians m.
error, n., gwall m., gwallow
escape, v., diank
esprit de corps, (French), phr., spryrys an
para
estimate, (Maths), n., dismygriv m.,
dismygrivow
estuary, n., heyl m., heylyow
et cetera, etc., phr., hag erel, abbrev., h. e.
evaluation, n., arbrisyans m., arbrisyansow
evaporation, n., ethennans m.
even [i], (balanced), adj., kompes
even [ii], (of numbers), adj., parow
evening, n., gorthuher m., gorthuherow
ever, adv., bykken
Cornwall for ever!
Kernow bys vykken!
every, adj., pub
every day, pub dydh
everyone, pron., pubhuni
everything, pron., pub tra
evidence, n., dustuni m.
evil, n., tebel
exact, adj., kewar
exactly, adv., poran
exam, n., apposyans m., apposyansow
examine, v., apposya
example, n., ensampel m., ensamplow
except, connec., marnas
excited, (feelings), adj., yntanys
excretion, n., kawghans m.
excuse [i], n., askus m., askusyow
excuse [ii], v., askusya
exercise [i], (PE), n., omober m. omoberow
exercise [ii], (PE), v., omoberi
exercise [iii], n., praktis m., praktisow
exhibition, (art), n., diskwedhyans m.,
diskwedhyansow
expect, (hope for), v., gwaytyas
expel, v., estewlel
expelled, adj., estewlys
She was expelled.
Hi a veu estewlys.
expense, n., kost m., kostow
expensive, adj., kostek
export [i], n., esporth m., esporthow
export [ii], v., esperthi
extension, n., ystynnans m., ystynansow
extremely, adv., fest
eye, n., lagas m., lagasow , dewlagas dual
eyebrow, n., abrans m., abransow , dewabrans
dual
17
eyebrow
farm, n., bargen-tir m., bargenyow-tir
F, f
fabric, (Technology), n., kweth f., kwethow
face, n., bejeth f., bejethow
face paint, paynt-bejeth m.
facing, prep., a-dal
factor, (Maths), n., faktor m., faktoryow
factory, n., gweythva f., gweythvaow
fail, v., fyllel
failure, n., fall m., faladow
faint, v., klamder
fairies, poblow teg coll.
fair [i], (colouring), adj., melyn
fair [ii], (just), ewn
fair [iii], (funfair), n., fer m., feryow
fairground, n., ferla m., ferleow
fait accompli, (French), phr., gwir na yll
daskavos
faith, n., fydh f., fedhyow
fake, adj., fug
fall, v., kodha
false, adj., fals
family, n., teylu m., teyluyow
family
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teylu
parents
mother
father
children
daughter
son
sister
brother
grandparents
grandmother
grandfather
aunt
uncle
female cousin
male cousin
relatives
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kerens
mamm
tas
fleghes
myrgh
mab
hwor
broder
kerens wynn
dama-wynn
sira-gwynn
modryp
ewnter
keniterow
kenderow
neskerens
fancy dress, n., giswisk m.
fame, n., gerda m.
famous, adj., gerys da
familiar, adj., aswonnys
far, adj., pell
farewell, interjection, farwel
18
farm animals
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enevales bargen tir
cat
chicken
cow
dog
donkey
duck
goat
goose
horse
llama
ostrich
pig
sheep
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kath
yar
bugh
ki
asen
hos
gavar
goodh
margh
lama
strus
hogh
davas
farmer, n., tiek m., tiogyon
farmhouse, n., chi-tiek m., chiow-tiek
fashion, n., gis
according to the fashion, herwydh an gis
follower of fashion, holyer an gis
out of fashion, mes an gis
fashionable, adj., kelvydh
fart [i], n., bramm m., bremmyn
fart [ii], v., bramma
fascist, n., fasker m., faskoryon
fast, adj., uskis
fat [i], adj., tew
fat [ii], (Technology), n., blonek m., blonegow
There is 30% fat in these crisps.
Yma 30% blonek y’n kresigow ma.
father, n., tas m., tasow
Father Christmas, Tas Nadelik
fatigue, (PE), n., skwithter m.
faux pas, (French), phr., kamm kamm
feast, (festival), n., gool m., golyow
feastday, n., dy’gol m.
February, n., mis Hwevrer m.
feed, v., maga
feel [i], (to be aware), v., omglewes
feel [ii], (to touch), v., tava
fear [i], n., own m.
fear [ii], v., doutya
feather, n., pluven f., pluvennow
felt
feeling
feeling, n., omglewans m., omglewansow
Feelings
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Omglewansow
happy
sad
frightened
angry
loving
lustful
nervous
excited
lonely
surprised
envious
sympathetic
ecstatic
shamed
regretful
proud
embarrassed
frustrated
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lowen
trist
ownek
serrys
kerensedhek
kyjyvek
nervus
yntanys
digoweth
sowdhanys
avius
tregeredhek
gorawenus
methys
edregus
gothus
ankombrynsys
sprallys
felt, n., pali m.
felt-tip pen, pluven-pali f., pluvennow-pali
feminine, adj., benow
feminine word, ger benow, geryow benow
fence, n., kloos f., klosyow
fern, n., redenen f., reden coll.
ferry, n., kowbal m., kowbalow
ferry crossing, kowbalhyns m.,
kowbalhynsow
festival, n., lowender m., lowenderyow
Lowender Peran, (Cornwall’s inter-Celtic
festival), Lowender Pyran
fetch, v., kerghes
few [i], adj., boghes
few [ii], n., nebes m.
field, n., park m., parkow
large open field, gwel m., gwelyow
Did you know that the word parc often seen on signs for
new housing developments is borrowed from Welsh?
The Cornish word park could be misten for a
playground.
fifteen, card., pymthek
fifteenth, ord., pymthegves abbrev., 15ves
fifth, ord., pympes abbrev., 5es
fiftieth, ord., hanterkansves abbrev., 50ves
fifty, card., hanterkans, deg ha dew ugens
fight, v., omladh
figure, (form), n., furv f., furvow
figure of speech, trop, m., tropyow
file [i], n., (document & computer) restren f.,
restrennow
filing cabinet, restrenva f., restrenvaow
file [ii], (tool), n., liv f., livyow
fill, v., lenwel
film, (cinema), n., fylm m., fylmow
filthy, adj., plos
finally, adv., wor’tiwedh
find, v., kavos
fine [i], (beautiful), adj., teg
fine [ii], (penalty), n., spal m., spalyow
fine [iii], v., spala
finger, n., bys m., besies
fingernail, ewin m., ewines
finish, v., gorfenna
fire [i], n., tan m., tanyow
fire drill, praktis tan
fire engine, jynn-tan m., jynnow-tan
fire fighter, gwithyas-tan m., gwithysi-dan
on fire, gans tan
fire [ii], (fire a weapon), v., tenna
firework, n., tanweythen f., tanweyth coll.
first, adj., kynsa abbrev., 1a
fish, n., pysk m., puskes
fish and chips, pysk hag asklos
fish tank, tank puskes m., tankow puskes
fisher, n., pyskader m., pyskadoryon
fishing, v., pyskessa
fishing boat, kok m., kokow
fist, n., dorn m., dornow , diw dorn dual
fit, (healthy), adj., yagh
fitness, (PE), n., yeghes m.
five, card., pymp
five o’clock, pymp eur
five past one, pymp wosa unn eur
five to eleven, pymp dhe unnek eur
fix [i], (fasten), v., staga
fix [ii], (repair), v., ewnhe
fizzy, adj., pik-pik
fizzy drink, diwes pik-pik m.
flexibility, (PE), n., gwedhynder m.
flag, n., baner m., baneryow
flame, n., flamm m., flammow
flash, v., lughesi
flat [i], (squashed), adj., gwastas
flat battery, battri gwag
flat [ii], (apartment), n., rannji f., rannjiow
fleece, n., knew m., knewyow
flight, n., neyj m., neyjow
floor, n., leur m., leuryow
flour, n., bleus m., bleusyow
flow, (of liquids and powders), v., resek
flow chart, tresen resek f., tresennow resek
flower [i], n., bleujen f., bleujennow , bleujow
coll.
flower [ii], v., bleujowa
fluent, adj., freth
fly [i], (insect), n., kelyonen f., kelyon coll.
fly [ii], v., neyja
19
fool
food
foam, n., ewyn coll.
fog, n., niwl m.
foggy, niwlek, adj.
fold, v., plegya
folder, n., plegel f., plegellow
follow, v., holya
food, n., boos m., bosow
food
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boos
bread
butter
toast
cereal
egg
soup
meat
curry
pizza
fish
cheese
pasty
pasta
rice
baked potato
chips
beans
vegetables
salad
fruit
pudding
custard
yoghurt
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bara
amanyn
kras
greunvos
oy
souben
kig
kurri
pitsa
pysk
keus
pasti
pasta
ris
patatys pebys
asklos
fav
losow
salad
frutys
podin
kustard
yogort
fool, n., fol m., folyon
foolish, adj., gocki
foot, n., troos m., treys , dewdros dual
football, (game), n., pel droos f.
footpath, n., trolergh m., trolerghow
for, (in order to), prep., rag
There’s pumpkins for eating not for
Haloween.,
Yma an pompyon rag dybri nag yw rag
Kalan Gwav.
forever, (phr.) bys vykken
Cornwall for ever!, Kernow bys vykken!
forbid, v., difen
forbiden, adj., difennys
force, n., fors
foreground, n., ragdir m.
forehead, n., tal m., talyow
forget, v., ankevi
fork, n., forgh f., fergh
forked, adj., forhys
form [i], (shape), n., furv f., furvow
form [ii], (form to fill in), n., form m., formow
form [iii], v., furvya
20
fort, n., din m., dinas m.
hill fort, ker m., keryer
Did you know that Keryer was the Cornish for Kerrier?
Keryer / Kerrier was one of the ancient hundreds of
Cornwall.
fortnight, n., hanter mis m.
fortunate, adj., feusik
forward, adv., (in the direction of), yn-rag
to go forward, mos yn-rag
foul, adj., hager
foundation, n., fondyans m., fondyansow
fountain, n., fenten f., fentynyow
four, card., peswar m. peder f.
four o’clock, peder eur
fourteen, card., peswardhek
fourteenth, ord., peswardhegves abbrev., 14ves
fourth, ord., peswara abbrev., 4a
fox, n., lowarn m., lewern
fraction, (Maths), n., rannriv m., rannrivow
France, (place), Pow Frynk m.
franchise, n., franchis m., franchisow
frankincense, n., frankincens m.
free [i], (unrestrained), adj., rydh
free [ii], (gratis), adj., heb kost
free period, prys rydh
to set free, rydhhe
freeze [i], (Drama), n., gwel rewys f., gwelyow
rewys
freeze [ii], v., rewi
freezer, n., rewer m., reweryow
freight, n., fres m.
French [i], adj., frynkek
French [ii], (language), n., Frynkek m.
frequency, (Maths & Science), menowghedh m.,
menowghedhow
fresh [i], (cold), adj., fresk
fresh [ii], (of food), adj., kro
friction, (Science), n., rutyans m.
Friday, n., dy’ Gwener m.
Good Friday, Dy’ Gwener an Grows m.
I will see you Friday night.
My a wra dha weles nos Wener.
fridge, (refrigerator), n., yeyner f., yeyneryow
fried, adj., friys
fried egg, oy friys m.
friend, n., koweth m., kowetha
frieze, n., hirskeusen f., hirskeusennow
frighten, v., ownekhe
frightened, adj., ownek
frock, n., pows f., powsow
frog, n., kwilkyn m., kwilkynyow
from, prep., dyworth
front [i], adj., a-rag
front door, daras a-rag
frown
frown
face the front, mir a-rag
front [ii], (in front of), prep., a-rag
The teacher’s desk is in front of the chair.
Yma desk an dyskader a-rag an gador.
front [iii], n., tal m., talyow
frost, n., rew m., rewyow
frown [i], n., pleg tal m., plegow tal
frown [ii], v., plegya tal
frozen, adj., rewys
fruit, n., frooth coll. frut m., frutys
fruit juice, sugen frooth m.
fruit salad, frutys kemyskys
frustrated, adj., sprallys
fry, v., fria
frying pan, n., padel-fria m., padellow-fria
full, adj., leun
full of, leun a2
fun, n., delit m.
to make fun of, gul ges a2
function, (Geography), n., gweythres m.,
gweythresow
furniture, n., mebel m.
further, adj., pella
any further, na3 fella
future, n., termyn a-dheu m.
future tense, n., amser a-dheu f.
21
ghost
ghetto
G, g
Gaelic [i], adj., godhalek
Gaelic [ii], (language), n., Godhalek
gain [i], n., gwayn
gain [ii], v., gwaynya
galaxy, n., galaksi f., galaksiow
the galaxy, (Milky Way) Hyns Synt Jamys m.
gallery, n., mirva f., mirvaow
gamble, v., happwari
game [i], (play), n., gwari m., gwariow
board game, gwari-bord m.
card game, gwari-kartennow m.
Olympic Games, Gwariow Olympek
role playing game, gwari-rol m.
video game, gwari-gwydhyow m., gwariowgwydhyow
game [ii], (animals), gam coll.
garage, n., karrji m., karrjiow
garden, n., lowarth m., lowarthow
garlic, n., keninen f., kenin coll.
gas, n., gass m., gassow
gate, n., yett f., yettow
gather, v., kuntel
gear [i], n., daffar m.
gear [ii], (mechanical), n., maglen f.,
maglennow
gender, n., reydh f., reydhow
general, adj., ollgemmyn
generally, adv., dre vras
generate, v., dinythi
genius, (person), awenydh m., awenydhyon
genre, (English), n., ehen f., ehennow
gentle, adj., jentil
gentleman, n., den jentil m., tus jentil
gentlewoman, n., benyn jentil f., benenes jentil
gently, adv., yn kosel
genuine, adj., gwir
Geography, (school subject), Doronieth f.
22
Geography
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Doronieth
abroad
agriculture
atlas
climate
contour
country
desert
drought
employment
environment
erosion
estuary
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tramor
ammeth
mappalyver
him
kettres
gwlas
difeythtir
syghter
arveth
kyrghynnedh
esknians
heyl
function
globalisation
habitat
infrastructure
international
latitude
longitude
nation
national
pollution
population
poverty
precipitation
primary
region
relief
rural
secondary
settlement
situation
tertiary
tourism
transport
urban
vegetation
wealth
weather
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gweythres
ollvysekheans
bewva
isframweyth
keswlasek
dorles
dorhys
kenedhel
kenedhlek
difolans
poblans
bohosogneth
kodhans
kynsa
ranndir
tirwedh
powel
nessa
trevesigeth
tyller
tressa
tornyaseth
treusporth
trevel
glasneth
galosogeth
kewer
geometry, n., mynsonieth f.
German [i], adj., almaynek
German [ii], (language), n., Almaynek m.
Germany, (place), Almayn m.
get, v., kavos
get ready, ombareusi
get round to do, kavos chons dhe wul
get up, sevel
ghastly, adj., euthyk
ghetto, n., getto m., gettos
ghost, n., tarosvan m., tarosvannow
ghostly, adj., tarosvannus
gigabyte, (GB), n., gigavayt m., gigavaytys
abbrev., GV
ginger [i], n., jynjyber coll.
ginger beer, korev jynjyber m.
ginger [ii], (hair), adj., rudh
girl, n., mowes f., mowesi
girlfriend, n., kares f., karesow
give, v., ri
give way, plegya
gift, n., ro m., rohow
gifted, (talented), adj., roasek
giraffe, n., jiraf m., jirafes
glad, adj., lowen
glamour, n., hus m.
gland, n., gwagren f., gwagrennow
grave
glass [i], (material), n., gweder m.
glass [ii], (vessel), n., gwedren f., gwedrennow
Did you know that Cornish name for Glastonbury is Enys
Wedren? Some believe this to be a reference to the
holy grail.
glasses, (spectacles), n., dewweder (dual)
gleaming, adj., splann
glide, v., slynkya
gloat, v., gorawena
globe, n., pel an norvys f., pelyow an norvys
global, adj., ollvysel
global warming, tomheans ollvysel
globalisation, n., ollvysekheans
glory, n., glori m.
glorious, adj., glorius
glove, n., manek f., manegow
glow [i], n., golow m., golowys
glow [ii], v., golowi
gloomy, adj., tewal
glue [i], n., glus m., glusow
glue [ii], v., glusa
gnome, n., korrik m., korrigow
garden gnome, korrik lowarth m., korrigow
lowarth
go, v., mos
go away, ke dhe ves!
go down, diyskynna
go up, yskynna
goal, (sports), n., gol m., golyow
goat, n., gaver f., gever
goblin, n., bocka m., bockyas
god, n., duw m., duwow
God, (Christian God), n., Duw
goodbye, Duw genes, (sing.), Duw genowgh
goddess, n., duwes f., duwesow
gold, n., owr m.
golden, adj., owrek
goldfish n., owrbysk m., owrbuskes
gone, adj., gyllys
good, adj., da, (morally good), adj., mas
Good afternoon, Dohajydh da
goodbye, Duw genes, (sing.), Duw genowgh
Good day, Dydh da
Good morning, Myttin da
Good evening, Gorthuher da
Good night, Nos da
goodness, n., dader m.
goods, n., gwara coll.
google-eyed, adj., lagasek
goose, n., goodh f., godhow
gooseberry, n., growsen f., growsennow
, grows coll.
gorgeous, adj., splann
gorilla, n., gorilla m., gorilles
gorse, n., eythinen f., eythinennow eythin coll.
gravy
gossip [i], n., hwedhlow, m.
gossip [ii], v., hwedhla
gorsedd, n., gorsedh f., gorsedhow
Cornish Gorsedd, Gorsedh Kernow
Did you know that a gorsedd is a meeting of bards? The
first Gorsedh Kernow of modern times was held at
Boscawen-Un in 1928.
government, n., governans m., governansow
graceful, adj., grassyes
grade, n., gradh m., gradhow
gradually, adv., tamm ha tamm
grain, n., greunen f., greunennow , greun coll.
gram, n., gramm m., grammow
grammar, (rules), n., gramasek f.
grand, adj., bryntin, meur
Grand Bard, Bardh Meur
grandad, n., tas-gwynn m., tasow-wynn
grandchild, n., flogh-gwynn m., fleghes-wynn
grandaughter, n., myrgh-wynn f., myrghesgwynn
grandfather, n., sira-gwynn m., sirys-wynn
grandmother, n., dama-wynn f., damyowgwynn
grandparents, n., kerens-wynn
grandson, n., mab-gwynn m., mebyon-wynn
granny, n., mamm-wynn f., mammow-gwynn
grape, n., grappysen f., grappysennow grappys
coll.
grapefruit, n., aval-paradhis m., avalow-paradhis
graph, (Maths & Science), n., tresen f., tresennow
graphics, (Technology), n., tresennegow
grasp [i], n., dalghen f., dalghennow
grasp [ii], v., dalhenna
grass, n., gwels coll.
blade of grass, gwelsen f.
gravy, n., sugen kig m.
grave, n., bedh m., bedhow
gravestone, n., men-bedh m., meyn-bedh
graveyard, n., korflan f., korflannow
great, adj., meur
Great! interject., Splann! Bryntin! Pur dha!
Marthys da!
Great Britain, (place), Breten Veur f.
Greece, (place), Pow Greka f.
greed, n., krefni f.
greedy, adj., kraf
Greek [i], adj., grek
Greek [ii], (language), n., Greka
Greek [iii], (person), n., Grek m., Grekyon
23
grave
gravy
green, adj., gwyrdh, (but not living things), glas
The leaves on the tree are green.
An del war an wedhen yw glas.
The bottle is green.
An botel yw gwyrdh.
Did you know that glas can also mean ‘green’ or ‘grey’?
Glas really translates as the ‘the colour of the sea’. Be
careful though as only living things that are green can be
called glas.
greenhouse, n., chi-gweder m., chiow-gweder
greenhouse effect, effeyth chi-gweder
greet, v., dynerghi
greeting, n., dynnargh m.
greetings, n., gorhemynadow,
Greetings, interjection, Lowena dhis! (sing.),
Lowena dhywgh!
greetings
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gorhemynadow
Hi!
Hood day, hello
Good morning
Good afternoon
How are you? (sing.)
How are you? (plur.)
OK, thank you
And you?
Fine, thank you
Goodbye (sing.)
Goodbye (plur.)
See you (sing.)
See you (plur.)
Take care (sing.)
Take care (plur.)
Good night
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Yew!
Dydh da
Myttin da
Gorthuher da
Fatel yw genes?
Fatla genes?
Da lowr, meur ras
Ha ty?
Yn point da, meur ras
Duw genes
Duw genowgh hwi
Dha weles
Agas gweles
Kemmer with
Kemerewgh with
Nos da
grey, adj., loos
grief, n., galar m.
grill, n., rastel f.
grim, adj., garow
grind, v., mala
grip, n., dalghen f., dalghennow
groceries, n., gwara boos coll.
gross, (fat), adj., bros
gross profit, budh kowal m.
ground, n., dor m.
group, n., bagas m., bagasow
grow, v., tevi
growth, n., tevyans m.
grub, (larvae), n., pryv m., preves
guarantee [i], n., mewgh m., mewghyow
guarantee [ii], v., mewghya
guard [i], n., gwith m.
guard [ii], n., (person), gwithyer m.,
24
gwithyoryon
guard [iii], v., gwitha
guardian, n., gwithyer m., gwithyoryon
guess, v., dismygi
guest, n., gwest m., gwestyon
guide [i], n., kevarwodher m., kevarwodheryon
guide [ii], v., gidya
The Guides, An Gidyoresow
guilty, adj., kablus
guinea pig, n., hogh-Gyni m., hoghes-Gyni
guitar, n., gitar m., gitaryow
electric guitar, gitar tredanek
gull, n., goolan f., goolanes
gum [i], (anatomical), n., kig-dens m.
gum [ii], (substance), n., glus m.
gun, n., gonn m., gonnow
gunner, n., gonner m., gonoryon
gut, n., kolodhyonen f., kolodhyon coll.
gutter, n., londer m., londrow
gymnasium, n., omassayva f., omassayvaow
gymnastics, n., gymnastek m.
hand
hamster
H, h
habitat, n., bewva f., bewvaow
haddock, n., korrvarvus m., korrvarvusi
hail, n., keseren f., keserennow , keser coll.
hair, n., blewen f., blew coll., blewennow
hairdresser, n., kempenner-gols m.,
kempenoryon-gols
half, n., hanter m., hanteryow
half past six, hanter wosa hwegh eur
half hour, hanter-our m.
half time, hanter-prys m.
half-wit, skogyn m., skogynnow
hall, n., hel f., helyow
ham, n., mordhos-hogh f.
hammer, n., morthol m., mortholyow
hamster, n., hamster m., hamsteryow
hand, n., leuv f., leuvyow , diwla (dual) dorn f.,
dornow , diwleuv (dual)
hand eye coordination, (PE), kesordenans
dorn-lagas
Raise your hand.
Sav dha leuv.
Did you know that there are two words in Cornish for
hand? Leuv is an open hand and dorn is a closed hand.
handful, n., dornas m., dornasow
hand-bag, n., tigen f., tigennow
handle, n., dornla m., dornleow
handkerchief, n., lien-dorn m., lienyow-dorn
handicapped, adj., evredhek
handicapped person, evredh m., evredhyon
handshake, n., shackyans-leuv m.,
shackyansow-leuv
handsome, adj., teg
hang, v., kregi
hang-glide, v., ayrgregi
happen, v., hwarvos
What’s happening? Pandr’a hwer?
happiness, n., lowena f.
happily, adv., yn lowen
happy, adj., lowen
harbour, n., porth m., porthow
hard, (tough), adj., kales
hard disk, plasen gales f., plasennow kales
hardly, adv., skant
hardware, (IT), n., kalesweyth m.
hare, n., skovarnek m., skovarnoges
harmonise, v., kesseni
harmony, (Music), n., kessenyans m.,
kessenyansow
hat, n., hatt m., hattow
hate, v., kasa
I hate cabbage.
Kas yw genev kowl.
hateful, adj., kas m.
have, v., kavos
I have a bike.
Yma dhymm diwros.
I have a pen with me.
Yma pluven genev vy.
hawk, n., hok m., hokow
hawthorn, n., spernen wynn f., spern gwynn coll.
hay, n., gora m.
haze, n., lugh m.
he, pron., ev
head, n., penn m., pennow
headland, n., penn-tir m., pennow-tir
headlight, n., pennlugarn m., pennlugern
headquarters, n., pennplas m., pennplasow
headteacher, n., penndyskader m.,
penndyskadoryon
heal, v., yaghhe
health, n., yeghes m.
Good health! (Cheers!)
Yehes da!
healthy, (not ill), adj., yagh
heap, n., bern m., bernow
hear, v., klewes
heart, n., kolon f., kolonnow
heat [i], n., tommder m.
heat [ii], v., tommhe
heather, n., grug m., grugow
heating, n., tommheans m.
heaven, n., nev m.
heavy, adj., poos, posek
hedge, n., ke m., keow
hedgehog, n., sort m., sortes
heel, n., seudhel m., seudhelyow , dewseudhel
dual
height, n., ughelder
helicopter, n., tro-askel f., troyow-askel
hell, n., yfarn m.
hello! interject., dydh da!
helmet, n., basnet m., basnetow
help [i], n., gweres m.
help [ii], v., gweres
Help me!, Gweres vy!
helpful, adj., heweres
helpless, adj., diweres
hen, n., yar f., yer
her, pron., hy3
That’s her brother.
Henn yw hy broder.
That’s her father.
Henn yw hy thas.
herb, n., losowen f., losow coll.
here, adv., omma
I am here to learn.
Yth esov vy omma rag dyski.
25
him
hill
herself, pron., hy honan
hesitate, v., hockya
hesitation, n., hockyans m., hockyansow
heterosexual, adj., kenreydhek
hexagon, n., hweghkorn m., hweghkernow
Hi!, interject., Yow!
hidden, adj., kudh
hide [i], (hide something), v., kudha
hide [ii], (hide oneself), v., omgudha
high, adj., ughel
high jump, ughlamma
highlight, v., golowboyntya
hill, n., bre f., breow
Did you know that there many words for ‘hill’ such as
bronn ‘rounded hill’, karn ‘hill with a rocky top’ and
mena ‘hillside’ as well as bre.
him, pron., ev
himself, pron., y honan
hinder, v., lettya
Hinduism, n., Hindieth f.
hint, n., hynt m., hyntow
hip, n., klun f., klunyow , diwglun dual
hippopotamus, n., dowrvargh m., dowrvergh
Did you know that dowrvargh literally means ‘river
horse’? It’s the same as the Greek which gives us the
English word hippopotamus.
his, pron., y2
That’s his book.
Henn yw y lyver.
That’s his problem.
Henn yw y broblem.
hiss, v., tythya
hit [i], n., skatt m., skattow
hit [ii], v., skattya
hitherto, adv., bys dhe’n eur ma
history, n., istori m., istoriow
History, (school subject), n., Istori
26
History
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Istori
bias
castle
cathedral
Catholic
cause
citizen
civilisation
colony
communist
conflict
consequence
constitution
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posans
kastel
penneglos
Katholhik
acheson
burjes
civilegeth
trevesigeth
kemyneger
kas
sewyans
korf laha
democracy
dictator
dissolution
empire
evidence
fascist
government
holocaust
imperialism
independence
interpretation
invasion
monarch
parliament
peasant
politics
propaganda
Protestant
rebellion
reform
religious
republican
revolution
siege
source
time line
traitor
treaty
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gwerinieth
turont
keskar
emperoureth
destuni
fasker
governans
holokost
emperoureth
anserhogeth
styryans
goreskyn
ruw
senedh
gweriner
politegow
plontyans
Protestant
rebellyans
dasfurvyans
kryjyk
poblegeth
domhwelyans
synsans
fenten
linen dermyn
traytour
kevambos
Hiya!, interjection, Hou!
hog, n., hogh m., hoghes
hold, v., synsi
hole, n., toll m., tell
hole punch, tregher-toll
holed, (perforated), adj., tellys
holiday, n., dy’gol m., dy’golyow
holocaust, n., holokost m., holokostow
hollow [i], adj., kew
hollow [ii], n., kew f., kewyow
holy, adj., sans
The Holy Spirit, An Spyrys Sans
home, n., tre f., trevow
He is at home.
Yma ev tre.
She needs to go home.
Res yw dhedhi mos tre.
homesick, adj., hirethek
homework, n., ober tre m.
homophone, n., kethsonek f., kethsonegow
homosexual, adj., kethreydhek
honest, adj., onest
honesty, n., onester
honey, n., mel m.
honour, n., enor m., enoryow
hook, n., higen f., higennow
hoop, n., kylgh m., kylghyow
hope, n., govenek
I hope that’s true.
How?
My a wayt bos henna gwir.
hope, v., gwaytyas
horizon, n., gorwel m., gorwelyow
horizontal, adj., gorwelyek
horn, n., korn m., kern , dewgorn dual
horrible, adj., euthyk
horror, n., euth m., euthyow
horror film, fylm euth m., fylmow euth
horse, n., margh m., marghes
hosepipe, n., pib-dowr f., pibow-dowr
hospital, n., klavji m., klavjiow
host, n., ost m., ostyon
hot, adj., pooth
hot chocolate, choklet tomm
hotel, n., ostel m., ostelyow
hour [i], (o’ clock), n., eur f., euryow
hour [ii], (duration), n., our m., ourys
house, n., chi m., chiow
household, n., meni m., meniow
How?, interject., Fatel?
how [i], connec., dell2
how [ii], intensifier, ass
How fine the weather is.
Ass yw brav an gewer.
how [iii], question, fatla coloq., fatel2
How are you?
Fatla genes? (sing.), Fatla genowgh hwi?
How is the weather?
Fatel yw an gewer?
How many, Py lies?
How much, Pygemmys?
however, adv., byttegyns
howl, v., oulya
hug [i], n., byrlans m., byrlansow
hug [ii], v., byrla
huge, adj., euthyk bras
humankind, n., denses coll.
humble, adj., uvel
humour, n., hwarthuster m.
hundred, card., kans m., kansow
hundredth [i], n., kansves rann f.
hundreth [ii], ord., kansves abbrev., 100ves
hunger, n., nown m.
hungry, adj., gwag, nownek
I am hungry.
Gwag ov vy.
hunt, v., helhi
hurry, v., fistena
Hurry up!, Fisten! (sing.), Fistenewgh!
hurt [i], adj., shyndys
hurt [ii], v., shyndya
husband, n., gour m., gwer
hush!, interject., taw tavas!
hut, n., krow m., krowyow
hygiene, n., glanythter m.
hyperactive, adj., gorvewek
hyperlink, n., gorgevren f., gorgevrennow
household
hypocritical, adj., fekyl
27
infrastructure
Information Technology
I, i
I, pron., my
ice, n., rew m.
ice skate, skes-rew m., skesyow-rew
to ice skate, rewskesya
ice-cube, n., kub-rew m., kubow-rew
iceberg, n., rewvenydh m., rewvenydhyow
ice cream, n., dehen-rew f. dehennow-rew
icon, (IT), n., arwodhik m., arwodhigow
icy, adj., rewek
idea, n., tybyans m., tybyansow
identical, adj., keth
identity, n., honanieth f., honaniethow
idiot, n., bobba m., bobbyon
idle, adj., diek
if, connec., mar4 (before vowels) mars
If you want to
Mar mynnydh ta, Mar mynn’ta colloq.
If that’s OK
Mars yw da lowr
If that’s no good, (negative)
Mar nyns yw henna da
ignore, v., skonya aswon
ignorance, n., fowt dyskans m.
ill, adj., klav
illegal, adj., anlaghel
illness, n., kleves m.
illuminate, v., golowi
illustrate, v., lymna
illustration, n., lymnans m., lymnansow
image, n., imaj m., imajow
imagery, n., delwedh m.
imagine, v., desevos
imagination, n., awen f.
immediate, adj., desempis
immediately, adv., a-dhesempis
impertinence, n., tonteth f.
impertinent, adj., tont
impolite, adj., diskortes
import [i], n., ynporth m., ynporthow
import [ii], v., ynperthi
importance, n., les m.
important, adj., posek
impossible, adj., anpossybyl
improvisation, n., ymprovyans m.,
ymprovyansow
in, prep., yn
in agreement, unnver
in front of, a-rag
in place of, yn le
inbox, (e-mail), n., yngist f., yngistyow
inch, n., meusva f., meusvaow
incompatible, adj., ankesplegadow
28
increase, v., ynkressya
increasingly, adv., moy ha moy
indeed, adv., yn hwir
independence, n., anserghogeth f.
independent, adj., anserghek
index, n., menegva f., menegvaow
India, (place), Eynda f.
Indian [i], adj., eyndek
Indian [ii], n., (language), Eyndek
indoors, adv., a-ji
industry, n., diwysyans m., diwysyansow
infinitive, (MFL), n., hanow-v. m., henwyn-v.
inflation, n., hwythans m.
inform, v., derivas
information, n., kedhlow
Information Technology, n., (school subject),
Teknegieth Kedhlow
IT
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TK
binary
byte
cable
cartridge
CD ROM
computer
connect to
connection
cursor
data
database
delete
disk
document
electronic
e-mail
graphic
hardware
icon
interactive
interface
internet
keyboard
megabyte
memory
modem
monitor
network
password
preview
program
scanner
server
software
spreadsheet
virus
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dewek
begh
gwivren
kistik ynk
sidi ROM
jynn amonyta
junya gans
junyans
reser
manylyon
sel derivadow
defendya
plasen
skrifen
tredanek
e-bost
tresennek
kalesweyth
delow
kesvewek
kesvejeth
kesrosweyth
bysowek
megabayt
kov
modem
skrin
rosweyth
ger tremena
kynwel
towlen
arhwilel
servel
medhelweyth
folen-gedhlow
virusen
infrastructure, (Geography), n., isframweyth m.
ingredient, n., devnydh m., devnydhyow
isolation
injection, n., skityans m., skityansow
ink, n., ynk m., ynkow
injure, v., shyndya
injury, n., shyndyans m., shyndyansow
inlet, n., logh m., lohow
Did you know that Looe and Loe Bar and many other
place-names come from Cornish logh? It’s the same
word as Scottish ‘loch’ – and pronounced the same as
well.
innovate, v., nowedha
innovation, n., nowedhans m., nowedhansow
input, v., ynworra
insane, adj., muskok
insect, n., hweskeren f., hwesker coll.
insert, v., gorra a-bervedh
inspect, v., eksamnya
inspire, v., aweni
instant [i], adj., desempis
instant [ii], n., pols m., polsyow
instant coffee, koffi desempis m.
instead of, phr., yn le
instrument, (means), n., mayn m., maynyow
instruments, (musical ), daffar-ilow m.
insurance, n., surheans m.
insure, v., surhe
intelligent, adj., skiansek
interactive, (IT), adj., kesvewek
interest, n., les m.
interesting, adj., dhe les
interface, n., ynterfas m., ynterfassow
international, adj., keswlasek
internet, n., kesrosweyth f.
interpretation, n., styryans m., styryansow
interrupt, v., goderri
interval, (short break), n., powes m.
interview [i], n., keswel m., keswelyow
interview [ii], v., kesweles
into, prep., yn
introduce, v., komendya
invasion, n., goryskyn m., goryskynnow
investigate, v., hwithra
invite, v., gelwel
invitation, n., galow m., galowyow
invoice, n., reken m., reknow
ion, n., ion m., ionyow
Ireland, (place), Iwerdhon m.
Irish [i], adj., iwerdhonek
Irish [ii], (language), n., Iwerdhonek f.
iron [i], (metal), n., horn m.
iron [ii], (laundry), n., hornell f., hornellow
iron [iii], v., hornella
ironing board, bord-hornella m., bordowhornella
irony, n., gesedh m., gesedhow
irregular, adj., anrewlys
Isles of Scilly
irregular verb, verb anrewlys m., verbow
anrewlys
irrelevant, adj., heb bri
irresponsible, adj., dibreder
irrigate, v., dowrhe
irritate, v., serri
Islam, n., Islam m.
Islamic, adj., Islamek
island, n., enys f., enesow
Isle of Man, (place), Manow f.
Isles of Scilly, (place), Syllan f.
Did you know that the Isles of Scilly are part of Cornwall?
Most of the place-names are from the Cornish language
and the biggest land owner is the Duke of Cornwall.
isolation, n., enysekter m.
He was put in isolation.
Yth esa ev gorrys yn enysekter.
Israel, (place), Ysrael
issue, (topic), n., mater m., maters
it, pron., e
Take it!
Kemmer e!
itch [i], n., kos f., kosow
itch [ii], v., kosa
item, (thing), n., tra f., taklow
ivory, n., dans olifans m.
ivy, n., idhyowen f., idhyow coll.
29
isolation
Isles of Scilly
J, j
jackass, n., margh-asen m., marghes-asen
jacket, n., jerkyn m., jerkynnow
jail, n., prison m., prisonyow
jam, n., kyfeyth m., kyfeythyow
January, n., mis Genver m.
January is the first month of the year.,
Mis Genver yw an kynsa mis y’n vledhen.
Japan, (place), Nihon m.
Japanese [i], adj., nihonek
Japanese [ii], n., (language), Nihonek m.
jar, (vessel), n., seth m., sethow
jaundice, n., kleves melyn m.
jealous, adj., gorvynnek
jealousy, n., avi m.
jeans, n., jins
jelly, n., kowlesen f., kowles coll.
jellyfish, n., morgowlesen f., morgowles coll.
je ne sais quoi, (French), phr., ny wonn pyth
poran
Jesus, name, Yesus
jetty, n., kay m., kayow
Jew, n., Yedhow m., Yedhewon
jewel, n., tegen f., tegennow
jewellery, n., tegennweyth coll.
Jewish, adj., yedhowek
job [i], (office), n., soodh m., sodhow
job [ii], (task), n., oberen f., oberennow
jog, v., goresek
jogger, n., goreseger m., goresegoryon
join, v., junya
joint [i], (body), n., mell m., mellow
joint [ii], (meat), n., kevals m., kevalsyow
joke [i], n., ges m., gesyow
joke [ii], v., gul ges
joker, n., gesyer m., gesyoryon
jolly, adj., jolif
journal, n., lyver-termyn m., lyvrow-termyn
journalist, n., jornalydh m., jornalydhyon
journey [i], n., vyaj m., vyajow
journey [ii], v., vyajya
joy, n., lowena f.
joyful, adj., lowenek
Judaism, n., Yewdhowieth f.
judge [i], (legal), n., breusyas m., breusysi
judge [ii], v., breusi
judgement, n., breus f., breusyow
in my judgement, y’m breus vy
judo, n., judo m.
jug, n., podik m., podigow
juggle, v., jogla
juggler, n., jogler m., jogloryon
juice, n., sugen m., sugenyow
juicy, adj., sugnek
30
July, n., mis Gortheren m.
The end of term is July.
Penn an trymis yw mis Gortheren.
June, n., mis Metheven m.
The 4th of June is St Petroc’s day.
An 4sa a vis Metheven yw dydh Synt Pedrek.
Did you know that mis Metheven literally means
‘midsummer month’? This comes from the British
language, medio-saminos
jumper, (garment), n., gwlanek m., gwlanogow
jungle, n., gwylgos m., gwylgosow
junk, (rubbish), n., atal m.
junk food, boos-atal m.
Jupiter, (planet), name, Yow
just [i], adj., ewn
just [ii], (only), adv., hepken
justice [i], (virtue), n., ewnder m.
justice [ii], (magistrate), n., justis m., justisyon
kidnap
kid
K, k
kangaroo, n., kangarou m., kangaroues
karate, n., karate m.
kayak, n., kayak m., kayakow
keen, (eager), hwansek
keep, v., gwitha
Keep your mouth shut!, Syns dha glap!
kennel, n., kiji m., kijiow
kettle, n., kalter f., kaltoryow
to put the kettle on, skwychya an galter yn
few
key [i], n., (lock) alhwedh m., alhwedhow
key [ii], (typing), n., alhwedhen f.,
alhwedhennow
keyboard, (typing), n., bysowek f., bysowegi
kick [i], n., pot m., potow
kick [ii], v., potya
kid, n., (child), flogh m., flehes
kidnap [i], n., argybyans m., argybyansow
kidnap [ii], v., argybya
kidney, n., loneth f., lonethi , diwloneth (dual)
kill, v., ladha
killer, n., ledher m., ledheryon
kiln, n., oden f., odenyow
kilobyte (kB), n., kilobayt m., kilobaytys
abbrev., kB
kilogramme, n., kilogram m., kilogrammow
abbrev., kg
kilometre, n., kilometer m., kilometrow abbrev.,
km
kind [i], adj., kuv
kind regards, gorhemynadow a’n gwella
kind of, (somewhat), nebes
kind [ii], (variety), n., ehen f., ehennow
kindergarten, n., skol-veythrin f., skolyowmeythrin
kindness, n., kuvder m.
kinetic, adj., kinetyk
kinetic energy, nerthedh kinetyk m.
king, n., myghtern m., myghternedh
king size, kowrek
kingdom, n., ruwvaneth f., ruwvanethow
United Kingdom, Ruwvaneth Unys, UK
abbrev.
kitchen, n., kegin f., keginow
kitchen dresser, lestrier m.
kitchen things
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taklow an gegin
bin
bowl
cooker
cup
cupboard
dish washer
fork
freezer
kettle
knife
pan
plate
refrigerator
spoon
microwave oven
sink
washing machine
work surface
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kist atal
bolla
koger
hanaf
amari
jynn lestri
forgh
rewer
kalter
kollel
padel
plat
yeynel
lo
korrdonner
new
jynn golhi
enep oberi
kite, n., sarf-neyja f., serf-neyja
kitten, n., kathik f., kathigow
knee, n., glin m., glinyow , dewlin dual
knee cap, n., padel penn-glin f. padellow pennglin
kneel, phr., mos war benn-dewlin
knickers, n., skantys
knight, n., marghek m., marghogyon
knife, n., kollel f., kelylli
knit, v., gwia
knock [i], n., bonk m., bonkow
knock [ii], v., bonkya
knocker, (underground sprite), n., knoukyer m.,
knoukyoryon
knot [i], n., kolm m., kolmow
knot [ii], v., kelmi
know [i], (persons and places), v., aswon
know [ii], (facts and skills), v., godhvos
I know, My a wor
knowledge, n., skians m.
known, adj., godhvedhys
Koran, n., Koran
kiss [i], n., amm m., ammow
kiss [ii], v., amma
kit, n., daffar m.
31
language
Languages, (school subject), Yethow
L, l
lab, n., arb m., arbow
laboratory, n., arbrovji m., arbrovjiow
labour, n., hwel m., hwelyow
lack, n., fowt m., fowtow
ladder, n., skeul f., skeulyow
lady, n., arlodhes f., arlodhesow
Lady of Cornwall, Arlodhes a Gernow
ladybird, n., bughik-Duw m., bughigow-Duw
Did you know that buhik-Duw literally means ‘God’s
little cow’? This strange name is reflected in the Cornish
Dialect name, God’s cow.
lake, n., lynn m., lynnyn
lamb, n., on m., eyn
lamp, n., lugarn m., lugern
land [i], n., tir m., tiryow
land [ii], (country), n., pow m., powyow
land [iii], v., tira
landscape, n., tirwel m., tirwelyow
lane, n., bownder f., bownderyow
language, n., yeth f., yethow
32
language
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yeth
British
Gaulish
Latin
Greek
Angle
Saxon
Jutish
French
Cornish
Breton
Welsh
Irish
Manx
Scottish Gaelic
Spanish
German
Italian
Japanese
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Predennek
Galianek
Latin
Greka
Anglek
Hensowsnek
Jutek
Frynkek
Kernewek
Bretonek
Kembrek
Iwerdhonek
Manowek
Albanek
Spaynek
Almaynek
Italek
Nihonek
MFL
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YEA
adjective
adverb
comparative
feminine
future tense
gender
infinitive
irregular
masculine
mutation
negative
noun
participle
past tense
plural
possessive
preposition
pronoun
present tense
regular
singular
superlative
tense
verb
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hanow-gwann
adverb
kehevelus
benow
amser a-dheu
reydh
Hanow-verb
anrewlys
gorow
treylyans
negedhek
hanow
ranngemeryans
amser passys
liesplek
perhennus
rag-er
rakhanow
amser lemmyn
rewlys
unnplek
gradh uhella
amser
verb
laptop, (computer), n., jynn-barlen m., jynnowbarlen
large, adj., pur vras
last [i], superlative, an diwettha
last [ii], v., durya
lasting, (durable), adj., duryadow
late, adj., diwedhes
Sorry I’m late.
Drog yw genev ow bos diwedhes.
later, comparative, diwettha
Latin (language), n., Latin m.
latitude, (Geography), n., dorles m., dorlesow
launch [i], n., lonch m., lonchow
launch [ii], v., lonchya
laugh, v., hwerthin
laughable, n., hwarthus
laughter, n., hwarth m.
law, n., lagha f., laghow
law court, lys f., lysyow
layout, n., delinyans m., delinyansow
lazy, adj., diek
lead [i], (for a dog), n., lesh m., leshyow
lead [ii], (metal), n., plomm m.
lead [iii], v., hembronk
leader, n., ledyer m., ledyoryon
leak, n., fols m., folsow
leap [i], n., lamm m., lammow
leap [ii], v., lamma
licence
learn, v., dyski
least, superlative, lyha
at least, dhe’n lyha
leaf, (of plants), n., delen f., delennow , del,
delyow coll.
leave, v., gasa
lecture [i], n., areth f., arethyow
lecture [ii], v., areth f., arethyow
lecture theatre, stevel-arethya
lecturer, n., arether m., arethoryon
leek, n., poren f., porennow , por coll.
left [i], (remaining), adj., gesys
left [ii], (opposite of right), adj., kledh
on the left (of), a-gledh (dhe2)
left handed, kledhek
leg, n., garr f., garrow , diwar (dual)
legend, n., henhwedhel m., henhwedhlow
leisure, n., sygerneth f.
lemon, n., lymmaval m., lymmavalow
lend, v., lendya
length, n., hirder m., hirderyow
at length, a-hys
of equal length, kehys
lengthen, v., hirhe
lens, n., gwedrik m., gwedrigow
contact lens, gwedrik kestav m., gwedrigow
kestav
leopard, n., lewpard m., lewpardes
less, adj. le
lesser, comparative, le
lesson, n., dyskans m., dyskansow
let, v., gasa
Let me do it.
Gas vy dh’y wul.
letter [i], (epistle), n., lyther m., lytherow
letter [ii], (symbol), n., lytheren f., lytherennow
letterbox, n., kist-lyther f. kistyow-lyther
lettuce, n., letusen f., letusennow letus
level [i], adj., kompes
level [ii], n., nivel m., nivelyow
level [iii], v., komposa
liar, n., gowek m., gowogyon
liberty, n., frankedh m.
library, n., lyverva f., lyvervaow
licence, n., kummyas m. kumyasow
driving licence, kummyas-lewyas
lie [i], n., gow m., gowyow
lie [ii], (tell untruth), v., gowleverel
lie [iii], (lie down), v., gorwedha
to tell a lie, leverel gow
life, n., bewnans m., bewnansow
lifeboat, n., skath-sawya f., skathow-sawya
lift [i], (escalator), n., jynn-yskynna m., jynnowyskynna
lift [ii], (in a car), n. gorrans m.
to give a lift, ri gorrans
library
lift [iii], v., drehevel
ligament, n., giowen f., giowennow , giow coll.
light, adj., skav
light [i], n., golow m., golowyow
light [ii], v., enowi
traffic lights, golow-trafik
lightbulb, n., bollen f., bolennow
lighten, v., golowi
lighthouse, n., golowji m., golowjiow
lightning, n., luhesen f., luhes coll.
like [i], adj., haval
It’s like chicken, Yth yw haval kig yar.
like [ii], prep., kepar ha
I did it like that
My a’n gwrug kepar ha henna
like [iii], v., da yw (preposition)
I like Pepsi.
Da yw genev Pepsi.
You like Coke.
Da yw genes Coke.
He likes Fanta.,
Da yw ganso Fanta.
She likes Iron Bru.
Da yw gensi Iron Bru.
lily, n., lilien f., liliennow
limit, n., finweth f., finwethow
limit, v., finwetha
limb, n., esel m., eseli
limp, v., kloppya
limpet, n., brenigen f., brenigennow brennik coll.
line, n., linen f., linennow
link [i], n., kevren f., kevrennow
link [ii], v., kevrenna
lion, n., lew m., lewyon
lip, n., gweus f., gweusyow , diwweus dual
liquid, n., lin m., linyow
washing-up liquid, lin-sebon m., linyowsebon
list, n., rol f., rolyow
listen, v., goslowes
listen to, goslowes orth
literary, adj., liennek
literature, n., lien
little [i], adj., byhan
little [ii], (a little), n., nebes m.
I can speak a little Cornish.
My a yll kewsel nebes Kernewek.
litre, n., liter m., litrow , abrev. l
live [i], adj., yn few
live [ii], (be alive), v., bewa
live [iii], (reside), v., triga
He lives in St Ives / Camelford / Saltash.
Ev a drig yn Porthia / Reskammel / Essa.
liver, n., avi m., aviow
lizard, n., pedrevan f., pedrevanes
load [i], n., karg m., kargow
33
lucky
load [ii], v., karga
download, iskarga
upload, ughkarga
lobster, n., legest m., legesti
lock [i], (on a door), n., floren f., florennow
lock [ii], v., alhwedha
locker, n., amari m., amariow
loft, n., talik m., taligow
log [i], n., prenn m., prennyer
log [ii], n., kovskrif
log in, omgelmi
log out, omdenna
lodge, v., ostya
London, (place), Loundres
lonely, adj., digoweth
long, (length), adj., hir
Did you know the Cornish word hir means ‘long’ as well
as ‘tall’? Does someone who is tall become long when
they lie down?
longstone, n., menhir m., menhiryon
look, v., mires
look at, mires orth
look for, hwilas
lord, n., arludh m., arlydhi
The Lord’s Prayer, Pader agan Arlodh
(literally ‘prayer our lord’)
lorry, n., kert m., kertow
lose, v., kelli
lot, (a lot of), n., meur
I can’t speak a lot of Cornish… yet.
Ny allav vy kewsel meur a Gernewek…
hwath.
loud, adj., uhel
love [i], n., kerensa
’Kerensa ‘hwilas Kerensa’ (motto of the
Polwhele family and the school, ‘love seeketh
love’).
love [ii], v., kara
I love you, My a’th kar.
low, adj., isel
lower, comparative., isella
luck, n., chons m. luk m.
Hard luck! Luk kales!
Good luck with your exam!
Chons da gans dha apposyans!
lucky, adj., feusik
lump, n., bothen m., bothennow
lunch, n., li f., liow
lyrical, adj., telynnek
34
luck
lucky
M, m
machine, n., jynn m., jynnow
mackerel, n., brithel m., brithyli
mad, (insane), adj., gorbollek
madam, n., madama f.
made, adj., gwrys,
Made in Cornwall
Gwrys yn Kernow
magazine, (periodical), n., lyver-termyn m.,
lyvrow-termyn
magician, n., huder m., hudoryon
magpie, n., piesen f., piesennow pies coll.
main, adj., meur
main entrance, porth meur m.
main road, fordh veur f., fordhow meur
mainland, n., tir meur m.
mainly, adv., dre vras
maintain, v., mentenya
majesty, n., meuredh
major, adj., meur
major scale, skeul veur f., skeulyow meur
make, v., gul
make use of, gul devnydh a2
to do, to make <> gul
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd masc.
3rd fem.
1st plur.
2nd plur.
3rd plur.
present tense
gwrav (vy)
gwredh (ta)
gwra (ev)
gwra (hi)
past tense
gwrug (vy)
gwrussys (ta)
gwrug (ev)
gwrug (hi)
gwren (ni)
gwrewgh (hwi)
gwrons (i)
gwrussyn (ni)
gwrussowgh (hwi)
gwrussons (i)
make-up, (cosmetics), n., tremmliw m.
malicious, adject, drogbrederys
mammal, n., bronnvil m., bronnviles
man, (human being), n., den m., tus
Man, (Isle of Man), (place), Manow f.
manage [i], (run), v., dyghtya
manage [ii], (manage to do), v., hedhes
manager, n., dyghtyer m., dyghtyoryon
manga, n., manga m., mangas
manner, n., maner f., manerow
manual [i], (by hand), adj., dre dhorn
manual [ii], (handbook), kowethlyver m.,
kowethlyvrow
manufacture, v., gwria
manure, n., teyl m.
Manx [i], adj., manowek
Manx cat, kath vanowek
Manx [ii], (language), n., Manowek
Did you know that the first academic study of the Manx
language was made by Henry Jenner? He was Cornwall’s
first Bardh Meur / Grand Bard.
many, adj., lies (before singular noun) meur a2
(before plural noun)
many books, lies lyver, meur a lyvrow
how many?, py lies?
map, n., mappa m., mappow
marble [i], (stone), n., marbel m.
marble [ii], (toy), n., marblen f., marblennow
march [i], (hike), n., keskerdh m., keskerdhow
march [ii], v., keskerdhes
March, n., mis Meurth m.
The fifth of March is Saint Piran’s Day.
An pympes a vis Meurth yw Dydh Synt Peran.
Did you know that mis Meurth literally means Mars
month’ and that dy’ Meurth ‘Tuesday’ means ‘Mars day’?
mark [i], n., merk m., merkow
mark [ii], v., merkya
market, n., marghas f., marghasow
marriage, n., demedhyans m., demedhyansow
married, adj., demedhys
marry, v., demedhi
Mars, n., Meurth m.
marsh, n., gwern f., gwernow
marvellous, adj., marthys
masculine, adj., gorow
mashed potato, n., potatys skattys coll.
mask, n., visour m., visours
mass, n., gronnedh m. gronedhow
massacre, n., gorladhva f., gorladhvaow
master, n., mester m., mestrysi
mat, n., strel m., strelyow
match [i], (stick), tanbren m., tanbrennyer
match [ii], (sport), fytt m., fyttow
mate, (friend), sos m., sosyon
material, n., daffar coll. stoff coll.
mathematics, n., awgrym m.
35
matter
Maths
Maths, (school subject), Awgrym
Maths
<>
Awgrym
addition
adjacent
algebra
angle
approximate
area
average
axis
calculator
circle
circumference
coordinate
cylinder
decimal
degree
denominator
diameter
division
estimate
equation
factor
fraction
freqeuency
graph
hexagon
horizontal
mean
median
mode
multiplication
negative
numerator
parallel
parallelogram
pentagon
percentage
perimeter
perpendicular
positive
quadrilateral
radius
ratio
rotation
square
subtraction
symmetry
triangle
vertex
vertical
volume
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keworrans
tu kevogas
aljebra
elin
nesriva
arenebedh
kresek
ehel
reknel
kylgh
kehysedh
kestyleren
hirgrennen
degedhek
degre
disrannen
treuslinen
disrennans
dismygriv
kehavalyans
faktor
rannriv
menowghter
tresen
hweghkorn
gorwelek
mayn
kresriv
kemynriv
liesheans
negedhek
mynsriv
kettuel
kettuelen
pympkorn
kansrann
amalhys
serth
posegeth
peswarkorn
asen
kemmyns
rosellans
pedrek
istennans
kemusur
trihorn
bleyn
plommwedhek
dalghedh
matter [i], n., mater m., materyow
matter [ii], v., bernya
It doesn’t matter, Ny vern
What’s the matter? Pyth yw kamm?
36
may, v. part, re bo
May the force be with you.
An fors re bo dhis
May, n., mis Me m.
The Obby Oss dances on the first of May.
An Obbi Oss a dhons kala Me.
maybe, adv., martesen
me, pron., my
me too, my ynwedh
meal, (food), n., boos m. bosow
mean [i], (Maths), n., mayn m., maynow
mean [ii], (explain), v., styrya
mean [ii], (stingy), adj., pith
meaning, n., styr m., styryow
meantime, adv., kettermyn
meanwhile, adv., y’n kettermyn
measure, n., (extent) musur m.
tape measure, snod musura, m., snodow
musura
meat, n., kig m.
mechanic, n., jynnweyther m., jynnweythoryon
median, n., kresriv m., kresrivow
medicine, (medication), n., medhegneth f.,
medhegnethow
meditation, n., ombreder m., ombrederow
medium, adj., kresek
meet, v., metya
meeting, n., kuntelles m., kuntellesow
meeting of bards, gorsedh f., gorsedhow
megabyte, n., megabayt m., megabaytow, abbrev.
MB
melody, n., melodi m., melodiow
melon, n., melon m., melonyow
melt, v., teudha
member, n., esel m., eseli
membrane, n., kennen f., kennennow
memory, n., kov m., kovyow
memory stick, (IT), kyvkov m., kyvkovow
men, (males), n., gwer
mend, v., ewna
menhir, n., menhir m., menhiryon
menstruation, n., amseryow
mention [i], n., kampol m., kampollow
mention [ii], v., kampolla
menu, n., rol f., rolyow
Mercury, (planet), n., Mergher m.
mercy, n., tregeredh f., tregeredhow
merge, v., kesunya
merry, adj., lowenek
Merry Christmas!, Nadelik lowen!
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year,
Nadelik lowen ha Bledhen Nowydh Da
mess, n., strol m.
message, n., messaj m., messajow
messenger, n., kannas m., kannasow
metaphor, n., metafor m., metaforow
metal, n., metol m., metolyow
middle
method, (Science), n., method m.
metre, n., meter m., metrow
midday, n., hanter-dydh m.
middle, n., kres m.
midge, n., gwibesen f., gwibes coll.
midnight, n., hanter-nos f.
Midsummer, n., Golowan m.
Did you know that the midsummer celebration at
Penzance is called Golowan? Its name is derived from
Cornish gool ‘feast’ and Jowan ‘John’.
mighty, adj., gallosek
mild, (weather), adj., klor
mile, n., mildir m., mildiryow
milk, n., leth m.
milkshake, n., shakleth m., shaklethow
mill, n., melin f., melinyow
millimetre, n., milimeter m., milimetrow
abbrev., mm
million, n., milvil m., milvilyow
mind, n., brys m.
mine [i], (belonging to), pron., dhymm
It’s mine.
Dhymm yw.
mine [ii], (digging), n., bal m., balyow
miner, n., den-bal m., tus-val
mingle, v., kemyska
minim, n., mynym m., mynymow
minister, n., menyster m., menystrow
minor, adj., byhan
minor scale, skeul vyghan f., skeulyow
byghan
mint, (herb), n., menta f.
minus, (mathematical operator), prep., marnas
minute, [i], (small) adj., munys
minute [ii], (time), n., mynysen f.,
mynysennow
miracle, n., marthus m., marthusyon
mirror, n., mirour m., mirouryow
misery, n., anken m., ankenyow
miss, (fail to hit), v., kelli
Miss, (title of address), Mestresik, abbrev., Ms f.
Misses, n., Mestres f. abbrev., Mres
mist, n., niwl m., niwlyow
misty, adj.,niwlek
Mister, n., Mester m., abbrev., Mr
mistake, n., kamm m., kammow
mistreat, v., tebeldyghtya
misty, adj., niwlek
misunderstand, v., kammgonvedhes
mix, v., kemyska
mixture, n., kemmysk m.
mobile, (PE), adj., gwayadow
mobile, (phone), n., klappkodh f., klappkodhow
midday
mock, v., gesya
mock someone, gul ges a2 nebonan
mockery, n., ges m.
make a mockery of, gul ges a2
mode, (Maths), n., kemynriv m., kemynrivow
model, (representation), n., patron m., patronyow
modem, n., modem m., modemyow
modern, adj., arnowydh
Modern Foreign Languages, MFL, Yethow
Estren Arnowyd h, YEA, see Languages
modest, adj., uvel
modus operandi, (Latin), phr., fordh oberi,
abbrev. MO
moist, adj., gwylgh
moisten, v., gwylgha
mole, (animal), n., godh f.
molecule, (single molecule), molekulen f.,
molekulennow
moment, n., pols m., polsow
at the moment, y’n pols ma
momentum [i] (literary), n., momentom m.
The argument gathered momentum.
An dadhlans a guntellas momentom.
momentum [ii] (Science), n., momentomedh m.
The momentum of the car was 3,000 kgm-1
An momentomedh a’n karr o 3,000 kgm-1
monarch, n., ruw m., ruwyon
Monday, n., dy’ Lun m.
Monday morning, myttin Lun
money, n., arhans m.
money box, kist arghans f., kistow arghans
monitor, (IT), n., skrin m., skrinyow
monk, n., managh m., menegh
monkey, n., sim m., simes
monologue, n., kows unn den m., kowsow unn
den
monster, n., euthvil m., euthviles
month, n., mis m., misyow
months of
the year
<>
misyow an
vledhen
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
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<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
mis
Genver
Hwevrer
Meurth
Ebrel
Me
Metheven
Gortheren
Est
Gwynngala
Hedra
Du
Kevardhu
37
moor
monthly, adj., misyek
monument, (of stone), n., men-kov m. meynkov
moon, n., loor f., loryow
the Moon, an Loor
moor, (upland), goon f., gonyow
mop, n., skubel-wolghi f., skubellow-golghi
moped, n., hwil-tan m. hwiles-tan
moral, adj., moral
more, adv., moy
more and more, moy ha moy
more or less, moy po le
more than, moy ages
no more, namoy
morning, n., myttin m., myttinyow
good morning, myttin da
the morning after, ternos vyttin
mosque, n., mosk m., moskow
moss, n., kewni m., kewniow
most, adv., moyha
moth, n., tykki-Duw nos m., tykkiow-Duw nos
Did you know that tykki-Duw nos literally means ‘night
butterfly’? There is another word for moth, godhan –
but nobody uses it!
mother, n., mamm f., mammow
motor, n., jynn m., jynnow
motorbike, n., jynn-diwros m., jynnow-diwros
motorboat, n., skath-tan f., skathow-tan
mould [i], (fungus), kosk m.
mould [ii], (for casting) furv f., furvow
mouldy, adj., loos
mountain, n., menydh m., menydhyow
mouse, n., logosen f., logosennow , logos coll.
moustache, n., minvlew m., minvlewyow
mouth [i], (body part), ganow m., ganowyow
mouth [ii], (of a river), aber m., aberyow
Did you know that there are hundreds of Aber- names in
Wales and Brittany but no real Aber- names in Cornwall?
Aberfal, for Falmouth, was devised in the 1980s.
move, v., movya
movement, n., movyans m., movyansow
much, (with n.), adv., meur a2
There was much coffee.
Yth esa meur a goffi.
not much, na meur
too much, re2
mud, n., leys m.
mug, (vessel), n., hanaf m., hanafow
Hanaf (character from Porth II)
multiplication, (Maths), n., liesheans m.,
liesheansow
multiply, v., lieshe
38
moon
mum, (mother), mammik f., mammigow
murder [i], n., moldrans m., moldransow
murder [ii], v., moldra
murky, adj., tewal
murmur, n., hanas m., hanasow
muscle, n., keheren f., keherennow f., keher coll.
muscular, adj., keherek
museum, n., gwithti m., gwithtiow
mushroom, n., skavel-gronek f., skavellowkronek
music, n., ilow f.
instrumental music, menestrouthi m.
rock music, ilow rock
Music, (school subject), Ilow
Music
<>
Ilow
accompaniment
choir
chord
chromatic
composition
crochet
dynamics
harmony
lyric
major scale
melody
minim
minor scale
octave
orchestra
percussion
pitch
quaver
rhythm
scale
score
semibreve
stave
tempo
ternary
vocal
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keveylyans
keur
kord
kromatek
ober
krochet
dinamegieth
kessenyans
telynnek
skeul veur
molodi
mynym
skeul vyhan
ethves
orkestra
frappyans
pych
kwaver
resyas
skeul
skot
hanter brev
erwydhva
tooth
terthek
lev
musician, n., ilewydh m., ilewydhyon
Muslim, n., Moslem m., Moslemyon
mussel, n., mesklen f., mesklennow,, meskel coll.
must, v., res
I must go home.
Res yw dhymm mos tre.
mustard, n., kedhow m.
mute, adj., omlavar
my, pron., ow3
myself, pron., ow honan
mystery, n., kevrin m., kevrinyow
myth, (English), n., henhwedhel m., henhwedhlow
nail
nowhere
N, n
nail [i], (carpentry), kenter f., kentrow
nail [ii], (fingernail), ewin m., ewines
naked, adj., noth
name, n., hanow m., henwyn
What is your name?
Pyth yw dha hanow?
name, v., henwel
nap, n., gogosk m., gogoskow
nappy, n., nappi m. nappiow
narration, n., derivas m., derivasow
narrow, adj., ynn
nation, n., kenedhel f., kenedhlow
national, adj., kenedhlek
natural, adj., naturel
nature [i], (natural world), n., natur f.
nature [ii], (personality), n., gnas f., gnasow
naughty, adj., drog
near, adj., nes, ogas
nearer, comparitive, moy nes, moy ogas
nearest, superlative, an nessa
nearby, adv., yn ogas
necessary, adj., res
if necessary, mars yw res
neck, n., konna m., konaow
necklace, n., delk m., delkow
necktie, n., kolm-konna m., kolmow-konna
need, n., edhom m., edhommow
I need water.
Yma edhom a dhowr.
needle, n., naswydh f., naswedhow
needy, adj., edhommek
negative, (Maths & Science & MFL), adj.,
negedhek
neighbour, n., kentrevek m., kentrevogyon
nephew, n., noy m., noyens
nerve, n., nerven f., nervennow
nervous, adj., nervus
nest, n., neyth m., neythow
net, n., roos f., rosow
netball, n., pel roos f.
Netherlands, (place), Iseldiryow
nett, n., budh ylyn m., budhow ylyn
nettle, n., linasen f., linasennow f., linas coll.
network, n., rosweyth m., rosweythyow
neutral, adj., didu
neutron, n., niwtron m., niwtronyow
never, adv., nevra
never mind, ny vern
nevertheless, adv., byttegyns
new, adj., nowyth
news, n., nowodhow
newsletter, n., lyther-nowodhow m., lythrownowodhow
newspaper, n., paper-nowodhow m., paperyownowodhow
next, adj., nessa
next to, ryb
nice, adj., hweg
niece, n., nith f., nithow
night, n., nos f., nosow
tonight, haneth
nightclub, n., klub-nos f., klubow-nos
nightdress, n., pows-nos f., powsyow-nos
nightmare, n., hunlev m., hunlevow
Did you know that hunlev literally means ‘sleep voice’?
The word is found in Cornish Dialect as hilla.
nil, n., mann m.
nine, card., naw
nine o’clock, naw eur
nineteen, card., nownsek
nineteenth, ord., nownsegves abbrev., 19ves
ninetieth, ord., degves ha peswar ugens abbrev.,
90ves
ninety, card., deg ha peswar ugens
ninth, ord., nawves abbrev., 9ves
no!, interject., na!
no longer, na fella
no smoking, megi difennys
nobody, pron., den vyth
noise, n., tros m., trosow
noon, n., hanter-dydh m.
normal, adj., normal
north, n., kledh m.
nose, n., tron m., tronyow
not, particle, ny2, nyns (before vowels)
I did not do it.
Ny wrug vy y wul.
It’s not my fault.
Nyns yw ow fowt.
not one, nagonan
not yet, na hwath
note [i], n., noten f., notennow
note [ii], (notice), v., merkya
notebook, n., lyver-noten m., lyvrow-noten
nothing, n., tra vyth
noun, n., hanow m., henwyn
nourish, v., maga
November, n., mis Du m.
Did you know that mis Du literally means ‘black month’
and that the English means ‘ninth month’?
Fifth of November is Bonfire Night.
Pympes a vis Du yw Nos Tanses.
now, adv., lemmyn
now and again, treweythyow
nowhere, adv., tyller vyth
39
nucleus
nowhere
nucleus [i], (Physics), nuklens m., nuklensow
nucleus [ii], (Biology), sprusen f., sprusennow
nude, adj., noth
number, n., niver m., niverow
telephone number, niver pellgowser m.,
niverow pellgowser
numbers <> niverow
zero
one
two
three
four
mann
onan
dew (diw)
tri (teyr)
peswar
(peder)
pymp
hwegh
seyth
eth
naw
deg
unnek
dewdhek
tredhek
peswardhek
pymthek
hwetek
seytek
etek
nownsek
ugens
onan war’n
ugens
dew war’n
ugens
0
1
2
3
4
nownsek
war’n ugens
dew-ugens
onan ha
dew-ugens
dew ha
dew-ugens
39
hanter kans
nownsek ha
dew ugens
tri ugens
onan ha tri
ugens
50
59
one hundred
one hundred and
one
kans
kans hag
onan
100
101
one thousand
mil
1,000
one million
milvil
1,000,000
one billion
milvilvil
1,000,000,000
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
twenty
twenty one
twenty two
thirty nine
forty
forty one
forty two
fifty
fifty nine
sixty
sixty one
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
40
41
42
60
61
numeral, n., niveren f., niverennow
numerator, (Maths), n., mynsriv m., mynsrivow
40
nurse, n., klavjier m., klavjioryon
female nurse, klavjiores f.
male nurse, klavjior m.
nursery school, n., skol-veythrin f., skolyowmeythrin
nut, n., knowen f., knowennow f., know coll.
peanut, knowen-dor f., know dor coll.
walnut, n., knowen-Frynk f., know-Frynk coll.
nutrition, n., megyans m.
nutter, (slang), n., muskok m., muskogyon
octopus
October
O, o
o’clock, adv., eur f.
oak-tree, n., derowen f., derowennow , derow
coll.
oar, n., rev f., revow
obey, v., obaya
object, (thing), tra, f., taklow
Classroom
Objects
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Taklow yn Klass
bag
bin
book
book case
calculator
chair
clock
computer
cupboard
desk
door
floor
paper
pen
pencil
poster
rubber
ruler
wall
window
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<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
sagh
kist atal
lyver
argh lyver
reknel
kador
klock
jynn amontya
amari
desk
daras
leur
paper
pluven
pluven blomm
skrisel
rutyer
rewlel
fos
fenester
obtain, v., kavos
obvious, adj., apert
occasion, n., gweyth f., gweythyow
occasional, adj., treweythus
occasionally, adv., treweythyow
occur, v., hwarvos
octave, n., ethves m., ethvesow
October, n., mis Hedra m.
Lowender Peran is held in October.
Lowender Peran yw synsys yn mis Hedra.
octopus, n., kollel-lesa f., kelylli-lesa
odd [i], adj., (strange) koynt
odd [ii], (Maths), adj., dibarow
of, prep., a2
of course, heb mar
lots of..., meur a2
out of, prep., yn-mes a2
off [i], (switched off), adj., marow
off [ii], (away), prep. dhe ves
switch off, skwychya yn farow
Go away!, Ke dhe ves!
office, (workplace), sodhva f., sodhvaow
post office, lytherva f., lythervaow
official, adj., sodhogel
often, adv., yn fenowgh
oh!, interject., ogh!
Oh dear!, Soweth!
oil, n., oyl m., oylyow
oil tanker, tanker-oyl m., tankeryow-oyl
olive oil, olew m.
OK, adj., da lowr
old, adj., koth
olive, n., oliwen f., oliwennow, oliv coll.
omelette, n., omlet m., omlettow
on [i], (switched on), adj., bew
on [ii], (onward), adv., a-rag
on [iii], prep., war
switch on, skwychya yn few
on behalf (of), a-barth (dhe2)
on foot, a-droos
on purpose, a-borpos
on the table, war an voos
once, adv., unnweyth
once more, unnweyth arta
one [i], (when counting), card., onan, (a
particular thing), unn
one [ii], pron., onan
one o’clock, unn eur
one, two, three…, onan, dew, tri…
everyone, pubhuni
no-one, nagonan, den vyth
onion, n., onyonen f., onyonennow , onyon coll.
on-line, adj., war-linen
only, adj., unn
the only book
an unn lyver
onomatopoeia, n., ger herwydh son m.
onward, adv., yn-rag
open [i], adj., ygor
open [ii], v., ygeri
operation, n., oberyans m., oberyansow
opinion, n., brys m., brysyow
in my opinion, dhe’m brys vy
opportunity, n., chons m. chonsyow
oppose, v., enebi
opposite, adj., konter
opposition, n., enebieth f.
oppress, v., arwaska
oppression, n., arwask m.
or, connec., po
orange [i], (colour), adj., rudh-velyn
Did you know that there isn’t really a word for the colour
orange in Cornish? Rudh-velyn really means ‘red-yellow.’
41
octopus
orange [ii], (fruit), owraval m., owravalow
orange juice, sugen owraval
Did you know that owraval literally means ‘gold apple’?
There are other fruits that are considered as apples, can
you find them?
oration, n., areth f., arethyow
orator, n., arether m., arethoryon
orchestra, n., orkestra m., orkestrow
orchard, n., avalennek f., avalenegi
order [i], (arrangement), n., aray m., arayow
order [ii], (command), n., gorhemmyn m.,
gorhemynnow
ordinary, adj., sempel
organ, (music), n., organ m., organow
organisation, n., kowethyans m.,
kowethyansow
organise, v., restra
origin, n., dalleth m., dallethow
originate, v., dalleth
ostrich, n., strus m., strusyow
other, adj., aral (sing.), erel
each other, an eyl y gila
on the other hand, war an dorn aral
otherwise, adv., ken
our, pron., agan, (often shortened to ’gan)
ourselves, pron., agan honan
out, adv., yn-mes
outcome, n., diwedh m.
outside, adj., yn-mes
outstanding, adj., meur y vri
oval, n., hirgylgh m., hirgylghyow
oven, n., forn f., fornow
over, adj., diwedhys
overgrown, adj., gordevys
overseas, adj., tramor
overthrow, v., domhwel
owe, v., tyli
owl, n., oula m., oulys
Did you know that there is another word for owl kowan? Everyone uses oula and it is pronounced, oooOOO– la!
own, v., perghenna
my own, ow honan
owner, n., perghen m., perghennow
ox, n., ojyon m.
oyster, n., esteren f., esterennow , ester coll.
42
oyster
pack
period
P, p
pack, v., fardella
pack up, fardellewgh!
package, n., fardel m., fardellow
page, (of book), n., folen f., folennow
pain, n., payn m., paynow
painful, adj., tynn
paint [i], n., paynt m., payntow
paint [ii], v., lymna
paintbrush, n., skubellik f., skubeligow
painter, (artist), n., lymner m., lymnoryon
painting, (picture), lymnans m., lymnansow
pair, n., kopel m., koplow
pal, n., sos m., sosyon
palace, n., palys m., palesyow
palette, n., liwvord m., liwvordow
palm, n., palv f., palvow
palm-tree, palmwedhen f., palmwedhennow,
palmwydh coll.
pan, n., padel f., padellow
pancake, n., krampothen f., krampoth coll.
panda, n., panda m., pandaow
pang, n., gloos f., glosow
pantry, n., talgel f., talgellow
paper, n., paper m., paperyow
parachute, n., lammlen f., lammlennow
paradise, n., paradhis f.
paragraph, n., rannskrif m., rannskrifow
parallel, (Maths), adj., kettuel
parallelogram, n., kettuelen f., kettuelennow
parcel, n., fardel m., fardellow
parenthesis, n., krommvagh f., krommvaghow
parents, n., kerens
parish, n., pluw f., pluwyow
parliament, n., senedh m.
parrot, n., papynjay m., papynjayow
parsley, n., persil coll.
part, n., rann f., rannow
participate, v., kemeres rann
participle, (MFL), n., ranngemeryans m.,
ranngemeransow
particularly, adv., dres oll
partnership, n., keskowethyans m.,
keskowethyansow
Cornish Language Partnership,
Keskowethyans an Taves Kernewek
party, (celebration), n., kevewi m., kevewiow
pass, (pass by), v., passya
passport, n., passporth m., passporthow
password, n., ger-tremena m., geryow-tremena
past, adj., passys
past tense, amser bassys f.
pasta, n., pasta coll.
paste, n., past m.
toothpaste, n., dehen dens m.
pastel, n., pastel f., pastellow
pastry, (baked pastry), n., hogen f., hogennow
pasty, n., pasti m., pastiow
path, n., hyns m., hensyow
patience, n., perthyans m.
patron saint, n., tassans m.
pattern, n., patron m., patronyow
pause [i], n., powes m. powesow
pause [ii], v., powes
pavement, n., kons m., konsow
paw, n., paw m., pawyow
pay [i], n., gober m., gobrow
pay [ii], v., tyli
payment, n., talas m., talasow
pea, n., pesen f., pysennow , pys coll.
peace, n., kres m.
peach, n., aval gwlanek m., avalow gwlanek
Did you know that aval gwlanek literally means ‘wooly
apple’? There are other fruits that are considered as
apples, can you find them?
peacock, n., payon m., payonyow
peanut, n., knowen-dhor f., knowennowdor, know-dor coll.
pear, n., peren f., per coll.
pebble, n., bilien f., biliennow , bili coll.
peg, (for clothes), ebil m., ebilyow
pelican, n., pelikan m., pelikanow
pen, n., pluven f., pluvennow
pence, n., diner
pencil, n., pluven-blomm f., pluvennow-plomm
pencil case, pors pluven
penguin, n., penn-gwynn m., pennow-gwynn
Did you know that the word penguin is from Cornish penn
gwynn literally meaning ‘white head’? The name was
originally used for the great auk which lived in the Arctic
rather than the Antarctic as penguins do.
penis, n., kalgh f., kalghyow
penny, n., diner m., dinerow
pentagon, n., pympkorn m., pympkernow
people, n., pobel f., poblow
pepper, n., puber m.
perceive, v., percevya
percent, n., kansran f., kansrannow , abbrev., %
percussion, (Music), n., frappyans m.
perfect, adj., perfeyth
perform, v., performya
performance, (Drama & PE), n., performyans m.,
performyansow
perhaps, adv., martesen
period [i], (age), n., oos m., osow
period [ii], (time), n., termyn m., termynyow
43
perimeter
period
period [iii], (menstrual), n., amser f.
perimeter, n., amalhys m.
permission, n., kummyas m.
permit, v., gasa
perpendicular, adj., serth
perpetually, adv., anhedhek
per se, (Latin), phr., war y honan
person, n., den m., tus
personal, adj., personek
Personal Social Health Education, PSHE,
(school subject), Adhyskans Personek
Kowethasek Yagh, APKY
PSHE
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APKY
drugs
achievement
addict
approval
bully
bullying
communication
control
discipline
discussion
emotion
involvement
love
pressure
racist
racism
relationship
sex
sexism
sexist
stereotype
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drogow
kowlwrians
stoffgi
komendyans
kwallok
kwalloga
keskomunyans
kontrolyans
keredh
keskows
movyans
omvyskans
kerensa
gwask
hilgasydh
hilgasieth
keskowethyans
reydh
reydhgasieth
reydhgasydh
skwirglassans
personification, (English), n., personekheans
m.
perspective, n., gologva f.
pet, n., eneval dov m., enevales dov
petrol n., petrol m.
pharmacy, n., (shop) ferylva f.
phone [i], n., pellgowser m., pellgowseryow
phone [ii], v., pellgewsel
photocopy [i], n., liesskrif m., liesskrifow
photocopy [ii], v., liesskrifa
photograph, n., skeusen f., skeusennow
photographer, n., skeusenner m.,
skeusenoryon
photosynthesis, n., lughwrians m.
physical, adj., fisegel
Physical Education, PE, (school subject),
Adhyskans Fisegel, AF
44
PE
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AF
active
aerobic
anaerobic
agility
athlete
balance
cardiovascular
hand-eye
coordination
endurance
exercise
fatigue
fitness
flexibility
gym
injury
leisure
ligament
mobile
muscles
performance
pitch
practice
squad
stamina
strength
supple
tactics
technique
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bewek
ayrobek
anayrobek
skavter
athlet
mantolans
kolon-wythiek
kesoberans leuv
ha lagas
perthyans
omober
skwithter
yeghes
gwedhynder
omassayva
shyndyans
syger
giowen
gwayadow
keher
performyans
park
praktis
para
stamina
krevter
hebleth
taktegow
teknek
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physics, n., fisegieth f.
piano, n., piano m., pianoyow
grand piano, piano bras m.
pickles, n., skalpyon
picnic, n., kroust, m.
picture, n., skeusen f., skeusennow
pie, n., hogen f., hogennow
Who ate all the pies?
Piw a dhybras oll an hogennow?
piece, n., tamm m., temmyn
pierce, v., gwana
piercing, (body modification), n., pychyans m.,
pychyansow
pig, n., hogh m., hoghes
You pig!
Ty hogh!
pigeon, n., kolom f., kelemmi
piglet, n., porghellik m., porgheligow
pigsty, n., krow-mogh m., krowyow-mogh
pile, (heap), bern m., bernow
pilgrimage, n., pergherinses f., pergherinsesow
pill, n., pelennik f., pelenigow
pillar, n., koloven f., kolovenyow
pillow, n., pluvek f., pluvogow
pinch
pilot, n., lewyader m., lewyadoryon
pin, n., pynn m., pynnow
pinch, v., pynchya
pineapple, n., pinaval m., pinavalow
pinetree, n., pinen f., pinennow
pink, adj., rudh-wynn
pint, n., pinta m., pintow
pipe, n., pib f., pibow
pirate, n., morlader m., morladron
Cornish Pirates, Morladron Gernewek
pit, n., pytt m., pyttow
clay pit, poll pri m., pollow-pri
pitch [i], (Music), n., pych m., pychow
pitch [ii], (PE), park m., parkow
pity, n., truedh m.
pizza, n., pitsa m., pitsaow
place [i], n., le m., leow
place [ii], (put) v., gorra
playing place, (plain-an-gwarry), plen an
gwari m., plenys an gwari
Did you know that the great Cornish plays were so big
that they could only be performed outside in an
amphitheatre or plen an gwari? There some 30 plen
an gwari sites right across Cornwall.
placed, adj., settys
plain, (unadorned), adj., plen
plainly, adv., plenli
plan [i], n., towl m., towlow
plan [ii], v., towlenna
plane, (aeroplane), n., jynn-ebron m., jynnowebron
planet, n., planet m., planetow
plank, n., astel f., estyl
plant [i], (botanical), losowen f., losow coll.
plant [ii], v., plansa
plastic [i], adj., hebleth
plastic [ii], n., plastek m.
plate, n., plat m., platow
platform, (railway), n., kay m.
play [i], n., gwari m., gwariow
play [ii], (a game), v., gwari
play [iii], (an instrument), v., seni
player, n., gwarier m., gwarioryon
Gwarior Rugbi (Porth II character)
playground, n., garth gwari m., garthow gwari
playing field, n., park gwari m., parkow gwari
pleasant, adj., hweg
please [i], phr., mar pleg
please [ii], v., plesya
pleased, adj., pes da
pleasing, adj., hweg
pleasure, n., plesour m., plesouryow
plough [i], n., arader m., ereder
plough [ii], v., aras
plug, (electrical), n., ebilyer m., ebilyorow
pin
plumber, n., plommer m.
plum, n., ploumen f., ploumennow , ploum coll.
plural, n., liesplek m., liesplegow
plus, (mathematical operator), prep., ha (hag
before vowels)
Two plus two equals four.
Dew ha dew yw peswar.
Two plus eight equals ten.
Dew hag eth yw deg.
pocket, n., pocket m., pocketow
podcast, n., kodhkast m.
poem, n., bardhonek m.
poet, n., bardh m., berdh
poetry, n., bardhonieth f.
point, n., poynt m., poyntow
poison, n., gwenon m.
poisonous, adj., gwenonek
polar bear, n., ors gwynn m., orses gwynn
police, n., kreslu m.
police officer n., gwither-kres m., gwithoryongres
polite, adj., kortes
political, adj., politek
politics, n., politegieth f.
pollute, v., defola
pollution, n., defolans m.
pond, n., lynn m., lynnyn
ponder, v., ombrederi
pool, n., poll m., pollow
swimming pool, poll-neuvya m., pollowneuvya
poor, adj., boghosek
popcorn, n., ys-pop coll.
pope, n., pab m., pabow
poppy, n., myll f., mylles (pl )
popular, (of the people), adj., meur gerys
population, n., poblans m.
pork, n., kig mogh m.
porridge, n., kergh coll.
port, n., porth m., porthow
portfolio, n., portfolio m.
portrait, n., portrayans m., portrayansow
positive, (Maths & Science), adj., posedhek
possess, v., perghenna
possession, n., pyth m., pethow
possessive, (MFL), adj., perghennus
possibility, n., possybylta m., possybyltas
possible, adj., possybyl
possibly, adv., martesen
post [i], (mail), n., post m.
post [ii], (pole) n., peul m., peulyow
post office, lytherva
The Post Office, Sodhva an Post
postage stamp, stamp
postcard, n., karten-bost f., kartennow-post
poster, n., skrisel f., skrisellow
pot, n., pot m., pottow
45
pottery
potato, n., patatys coll., patatysen f.
baked potato, potatys pebys coll.
mashed potato, patatys skattys
pottery, (craft), n., (craft), priweyth m.
pound, (currency), n., peuns m., peunsow
pour, v., diveri
poverty, n., boghosogneth f.
powder, n., polter m.
power, n., gallos m.
powerful, adj., gallosek
practical, adj., hewul
practice [i], n., praktis m.
practice [ii], v., praktisya
praise, v., praysya
pray, v., pysi
prayer, n., pysadow m.
preach, v., pregoth
precious, adj., drudh
precipitation, n., kodhans m.
precise, adj., poran
precisely, adv., poran
prefer, v., preferya
I prefer rugby.
Gwell yw genev rugbi.
prefix, n., rager m.
pregnant, adj., gans flogh
prepare, v., pareusi
preposition, n., rag ger m.
present [i], adjec., a-lemmyn
at present, y’n eur ma
present tense, n., amser lemmyn f.
present [ii], (gift), ro m., rohow
presentation, n., presentyans m.,
presentyansow
presently, adv., y’n eur ma
president, n., lewydh m., lewydhyon
press [i], n., gwask f.
press [ii], v., gwaska
pressure, n., gwask m., gwaskow
pretend, v., omwul
pretty, adj., teg
pretty thing, tegen f., tegennow
prevent, v., lettya
preview, n., kynwel m., kynwelyow
previous, adj., kyns
price, n., pris m., prisyow
priest, n., pronter m., pronteryon
primary, adj., kynsa
primary school, skol-gynsa f., skolyowkynsa
prince, n., pennsevik m.
princess, n., pennseviges f., pennsevigesow
print, v., pryntya
printer, n., pryntyer m., pryntyoryon
prison, n., prison m., prisonyow
private, adj., privedh
prize, n., piwas m., piwasow
46
potato
probably, adv., del hevel
problem, n., problem m.
process, n., argerdh m., argerdhow
produce, v., askorra
product, n., askorras m., askorasow
profession, n., galwesigeth m., galwesigethow
profile, n., profil m., profilyow
profit [i], n., les m.
profit [ii], n., budh m., budhow
profit [iii], v., gwaynya
program, (IT), n., towlen f., towlennow
programme, n., towlen f.
progress [i], n., spedyans m.
progress [ii], v., spedya
prohibit, v., difen
prohibited, adj., difennys
project, n., ragdres m., ragdresow
promise [i], n., ambos m., ambosow
promise [ii], v., ambosa
promotion, (work), n., avonsyans m.
prompt, (Drama), n., kussul f., kussulyow
pronoun, n., rakhanow m., rakhenwyn
pronunciation, n., leveryans m., leveryansow
pronounced, leverys
How do you pronounce...?
Fatel wre’ ta leverel...?
proof, n., prov m.
propaganda, n., plontyans m.
proper, adj., ewn
property, n., pyth m., pethow
prophet, n., profos m., profosi
proposal, n., profyans m. profyansow
propose, v., profya
proposition, n., kynnik m., kynigow
pro rata, (Latin), phr., yn kemusur
protect, v., gwitha rag
protein, n., protin m., protinow
Protestant, n., Protestant m., Protestantyon
proton, n., proton m., protonyow
proud, (feelings), adj., gothus
prove, v., previ
pub, n., diwotti m., diwottiow
public, adj., poblek
publish, v., dyllo
pudding, n., podin m., podinow
puddle, n., pollen f., polennow
puffin, n., nath m., nathes
pull, v., tenna
pullover, n., gwlanek f., gwlanegow
pulse, (beat), pols m., polsow
pump, n., pomp m., pompow
pumpkin, n., pompyon m., pompyons
punishment, n., kessydhyans m., kessydhyansow
pupil, (student), dyskybel m., dyskyblon
puppet, n., popet m., popettow
puppy, n., kolyn m., kelyn
purchase, v., prena
pure
pure
pure [i], adj., pur
pure [ii], (used as ‘very’), pur2
This bus is very slow.
An kyttrin ma yw pur lent.
That’s very good.
Henn yw pur dha.
purple, adj., purpur
purpose, n., porpos m.
on purpose, a-borpos
purse, n., yalgh f., yalhow
push, v., herdhya
put, v., gorra
pyjamas, n., pyjamow
47
pure
pure
Q, q
quadrilateral, n., peswarkorn m.,
peswarkernow
quality, n., kwalita f.
quarrel [i], (argument), n., trynn f., trynnow
quarrel [ii], v., trynna
quarry, (mine), mengleudh m., mengleudhyow
quarter, n., kwarter m.
quarter past three, kwarter wosa teyr eur
quarter to nine, kwarter dhe naw eur
quaver, n., kwaver m., kwaveryow
quay, n., kay m., kays
queen, n., myghternes f., myghternesow
question [i], n., govyn m., govynnow
question [ii], v., govyn orth
questionnaire, n., govynader m.,
govynaderyow
queue, n., lost m., lostow
Did you know that lost also means ‘tail’? It is the first
bit of the name Lostwithiel.
quick, (fast),adj., uskis
quickly, adv., yn uskis
quiet [i], adj., kosel
quiet [ii], n., kosoleth m.
48
redo
red
R, r
rabbit, n., konin m., konines
Konin ha Pryv (Cornish language film for preschool)
race [i], (competition), n., resek m., resegow
race [ii], (ethnicity), n., agh f., ahow
race [iii], v., resek
racism, n., hilgasieth f.
racist, n., hilgasydh m., hilgasydhyon
racket, (sports), n., racket m., racketow
radio, n., radyo m., radyoyow
Radyo an Gernewegva (Cornish language
radio)
radish, n., redigen f., redik coll.
radius, (Maths), n., asen f., asennow
railway, n., hyns-horn m., hensyow-horn
railway station, gorsav m., gorsavow
rain [i], n., glaw m.
rain [ii], v., gul glaw
It’s raining., Yma hi ow kul glaw.
rainbow, n., kammneves f., kammnevesow
raison d’être, (French), phr., reson rag bos
rake, n., rakan m., rakanow
ram, (animal), n., hordh m., hordhes
rank, (grade), n., renk m., renkow
rare, (uncommon), adj., tanow
raspberry, n., avanen f., avanennow , avan coll.
rat, n., rath f., rathes
Rath (character from Porth II)
rate, (mathematical), n., kevradh m., kevradhow
rather, adv., kyns
I would rather, gwell via genev
ratio, (Maths), n., kemmyns m., kemynsow
raven, n., bran vras f., brini bras
raw, adj., kriv
ray, (light), dewyn m., dewynnow
reach, v., (attain), drehedhes
reaction, (Science), n., asweyth m. asweythyow
read, v., redya
reader, n., redyer m., redyoryon
reading, n., redyans m., redyansow
readily, adv., prest
ready, adjec., parys
real, (actual), adj., gwir
Keep it real.
Gwith e gwir.
really, adv., yn hwir
reason, (cause of something), n., acheson m.,
achesonyow
rebel [i], n., rebel m., rebelyon
rebel [ii], v., rebellya
rebellion, n., rebellyans m., rebelyansow
receive, v., degemeres
recent, adj., a-dhiwedhes
recently, adv., a-gynsow
reception, (area), n., degemerva f. degemervaow
recipe, n., resayt m., resaytow
recognise, v., aswon
recollection, n., kov m., kovyow
recommend, v., komendya
record [i], (document), n., kovadh m., kovadhow
record [ii], v., rekordya
recorder, (musical instrument), n., tollgorn m.,
tollgern
rectangle, n., hirbedrek m., hirbedregow
red, adj., rudh
redo, v., daswul
reduce, v., byhanhe
reef, n., krib f., kribow
reflect, (throw back light), v., dastewynnya
reform, n., dasfurvyans m., dasfurvyansow
refrain, (Music), n., pusorn m., pusornow
refrigerator, n., yeyner f., yeyneryow
refuse, v., nagha
region, n., ranndir m., ranndiryow
regional, adj., ranndiryel
register, v., kovskrifa
registration, n., galow rol m.
regret [i], n., edrek m., edregow
regret [ii], v., edrega
regretful, adj., edregus
regular, (MFL), adj., rewlys,
regular v., v. rewlys m., v.ow rewlys
regulate, v., rewlya
regulation, n., rewl f., rewlys
rehearsal, n., ragober m., ragoberow
rejoice, v., omlowenhe
related, (family), adj., y’n teylu
relationship, n., kowethyans m., kowethyansow
relative, (family), n., neskar m., neskerens
release, v., dyllo
relief, (Geography), n., tirwedh
relieve, v., difres
religion, n., kryjyans m., kryjyansow
religious, adj., kryjyek
49
reward
revolution
Religious Education, RE, (school subject),
Adhyskans Kryjyek, abbrev., AK
RE
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AK
Abraham
angel
baptism
belief
Bible
Buddhism
celebration
ceremony
chapel
Christianity
church
creation
denomination
Devil
faith
festival
God
heaven
hell
Hinduism
Islam
Israel
Jesus
Judaism
Koran
marriage
meditation
Mohammed
mosque
pilgrimage
prayer
resurrection
shrine
Sikhism
spirit
synagogue
temple
Torah
wedding
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Abraham
el
besydh
kryjyans
Bibel
Buddieth
solempnyans
solempnita
chapel
Kristonedh
eglos
gwrians
hanwans
Jowl
kryjyans
gool
Duw
nev
yfarn
Hindieth
Islam
Ysrael
Yesus
Yedhowieth
Koran
demedhyans
ombrederans
Mahom
mosk
pergherinses
pader
dasserhyans
krerva
Sikieth
spyrys
synaga
temple
Tora
demedhyans
remain, v., gortos
remainder, n., remenant m.
remake, v., daswul
remember, v., perthi kov
remind, v., kovhe
remove, (delete), v., dilea
renowned, adj., geryes
rent [i], n., rent m.
rent [ii], v., rentya
repair, v., ewnhe
repent, v., repentya
reply [i], n., gorthyp m., gorthebow
reply [ii], v., gorthebi
50
report, n., derivas m.
reporter, n., derivader m., derivadoryon
republic, n., repoblek f., repoblegi
reputation, n., bri f., briow
research, n., hwithrans m., hwithransow
resembling, adj., haval
resist, v., sevel orth
respect, n., reowta m.
respiration, n., anallans m.
response, n., gorthyp m., gorthebow
reproduction, (Science), n., dineydhyans m.
rest [i], (relaxation), powes m.
rest [ii], v., powes
restaurant, n., bosti m., bostiow
restore, v., daskor
result, n., sewyans m., sewyansow
resurrection, n., dasserghyans m.
retire, v., omdenna
retired, adj., omdennys
retirement, n., omdennans m.
return [i], (to a place), dehweles
return [ii], (return a thing to somebody),
daskor
revival, n., dasvewnans m.
revive, v., dasserghi
revolt, n., rebellyans m., rebellyansow
revolution, n., domhwelans m., domhwelansow
reward, n., gober m., gobrow
rhinoceros, n., trongornvil m., trongornviles
rhyme, n., rim, m., rimyow
rhythm, n., resyas m., resyasow
ribbon, n., snod m., snodow
rib, n., asowen f., asow coll.
rice, n., ris coll.
grain of rice, risen f., risennow
rich, adj., rych
riches, n., rychow
ride, (a horse), v., marhogeth
ridiculous, adj., hwarthus
right [i], (correct), adj., ewn
put right, ewna
right [ii], (opposite to left), dyg how
Did you know that the Cornish word dyhow can mean
‘right’ and ‘south’? In fact there aren’t native Cornish
words for north south east or west – don’t need them if
you have hills.
right [iii], n., gwir m., gwiryow
ring [i], (circle, hoop), n., kylgh m., kylghyow
ring [ii], (jewelry), n., bysow m.
ring [iii], (ring a bell), v., seni
rip, v., skwardya
Skwardya (name of a Cornish language rock
band)
ripe, adj., adhves
rise, v., sevel
reward
rising tide, lanow m.
risk, n., peryl m., peryllow
risqué, (French), adject, tont
river, n., avon f., avonyow
Did you know that are no rivers in Cornwall? There are
rias (flooded valleys) and streams. That’s why there are
no place-names with avon ‘river’ in Cornwall.
River Tamar, Dowr Tamar
road, n., fordh f., fordhow
roast [i], n., rost m.
roast [ii], v., rostya
rob, v., ladra
robber, n., lader m., ladron
robbery, n., ladrans m., ladransow
robin, n., rudhek m., rudhogyon
robot, n., robot m., robotow
rock [i], n., (stone), karrek f., karygi
rock [ii], (music), rock m.
rocket, n., fusen f., fusennow
rod, n., gwelen f., gwelennow gwel coll.
role, n., rann f., rannow
roll [i], (list), n., rol f., rolyow
roll [ii], v., rolya
roller skates, roskisyow
roller blades, lownyow roseskis m.
roof, n., to m., tohow
room [i], (in a building), n., stevel f., stevellow
bathroom, stevel-omwolhi f.
bedroom, chambour m., chambours
dining room, stevel-dhybri f.
sitting room, esedhva f.
waiting room, stevel-wortos f.
room [ii], (space), n., spas m.
root, n., gwreydhen f., gwreydhennow f.,
gwreydh coll.
rope, n., lovan f., lovanow
rose, n., rosen f., rosennow, ros coll.
rot, v., pedri
rotate, v., rosella
rotation, n., rosellans m., rosellansow
rotten, adj., poder
rough, adj., garow
round [i], adj., rond
round [ii], adv., a-dro
roundabout, n., res-a-dro m., resow-a-dro
rounded, adj., kromm
row [i], (disturbance), habadollya m.
row [ii], (line), rew m., rewyow
row [iii], (a boat), v., revya
rub, v., rutya
rubber, (eraser), n., rutyer m., rutyeryow
rubbish, n., atal coll.
rucksack, n., sagh-keyn m., seghyer-keyn
rudder, n., lew m., lewyow
revolution
rude, adj., diskortes
rug, n., strel m., strelyow
rugby, n., rugbi m.
ruin [i], (building), n., magor f., magoryow
ruin [ii], v. diswul
ruined, adj., diswrys
rule [i], n., rewl f., rewlyow
rule [ii], v., rewlya
ruler, (tool), n., rewlel f., rewlellow
rumour, n., kyhwedhel m., kyhwedhlow
run, (run a race), v., resek
runner, n., reser m., resoryon
rural, adj., powel
rye, n., sugal coll.
51
sail
saffron
S, s
sacrifice [i], n., sakrifis m., sakrifisow
sacrifice [ii], v., sakrifia
sad, adj., trist
sadness, collective n., tristans m.
sadly, adv., yn trist
safe, adj., salow
safeguard, v., gwitha
saffron, n., safron m.
saffron cake, tesen safron f.
sail [i], n., gool m., golyow
sail [ii], v., golya
sailing boat, skath-wolya f., skathow-golya
sailor, n., marner m., marnoryon
saint [i], n., sans m., sens
saint [ii], (title), Synt, Sen
St Austell, S. Ostel
St Just in Penwith, Lannust
St Just in Roseland, Lannsiek
St Stephen in Brannel, Eglos Stefan
St Stephen by Launceston, S. Stevan
St Stephen by Saltash, Treveu
salad, n., salad m., saladow
salami, n., salami m., salamiow
salary, n., gober m., gobrow
sale, (event), gwerth f., gwerthow
for sale, dhe wertha
salt, n., holan m.
salty, adj., holanek
same, adj., keth (precedes the n.)
It’s the same one.
An keth onan yw.
We can do it at the same time.
Ni a yll y wul an keth termyn.
sand, n., tewes coll.
sandpaper, n., paper-gweder m.
sandwich, n., baramanyn m., baramanynnow
satellite, (artificial), n., lorel f., lorellow
Saturday, n., dy’ Sadorn m.
Saturday night, nos Sadorn f.
Saturn, (planet), n., Sadorn m.
sauce, n., sows m., sowsow
saucepan, n., padel-dhorn f., padellow-dorn
sausage, n., selsigen f., selsik coll., selsigennow
save [i], (life), v., sawya
save [ii], (keep), v., gwitha
saw [i], n., hesken f., heskennow
saw [ii], v., heskenna
sawdust, n., bleus-hesken m.
say, v., leverel
How do you say... in Cornish?
Fatel wre’ta leverel... yn Kernewek?
saying, n., lavar m., lavarow
scab, n., kragh m., krehi
scale, (Music), n., skeul f., skeulyow
52
scales, n., mantol f., mantolyow
scandal, n., bismer m., bismeryow
scanner, (IT), n., arhwilel f., arhwilellow
scar, n., kreythen f., kreyth coll.
scarce, adj., skant
scarcely, adv., skantlowr
scare [i], n., own m.
scare [ii], v., owna
scarecrow, n., bocka m., bockow
scared, adj., ownek
scarf, n., sarf-konna m., serf-konna
scent, n., ethen f., ethennow , eth coll.
scene, (Drama), n., gwel f., gwelyow
scheme, n., towlen f. towlennow
school, n., skol f., skolyow
schoolbook, lyver-skol m., lyvrow-skol
schoolboy, maw skol m., mebyon skol
schoolgirl, mowes skol f., mowysi skol
Scotland
score
Science, (school subject), n., Godhonieth f.
Science
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Godhonieth
absorbtion
acid
alkali
apparatus
atom
cell
chemical
conclusion
condensation
crystallization
diffusion
electron
element
enzyme
evaporation
excretion
frequency
friction
growth
ion
kinetic energy
liquid
membrane
method
molecule
movement
neutron
nucleus (atomic)
nucleus (biological)
photosynthesis
proton
reaction
respiration
reproduction
result
sensitivity
solution
temperature
thermometer
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denans
trenken
lisliwen
daffar
atomen
kell
kymyk
gordhiwedh
gluthyans
gwrysegans
terlesans
electron
elven
ensaym
ethennans
kawha
menowghedh
rutyans
tevyans
ion
nerthedh kinetyk
lin
kennen
method
molekul
movyans
niwtron
nuklens
sprusen
lughwrians
proton
asweyth
anallans
dineydhyans
sewyans
klewadowans
dowrheans
tempredh
tesvusurel
scientific, adj., godhoniethek
scientist, n., godhoner m., godhonoryon
scissors, n., gwelsigow
score [i], (Music), n., skot m., skotow
score [ii], (PE), n., skor m., skoryow
score [iii], (PE), v., skorya
Scotland, (place), Alban m.
Scottish, adj., albanek
Scottish Gaelic, Albanek
scout, n., aspier m., aspioryon
The Scouts, An Aspioryon
scratch, v., kravas
scream, v., skrija
screen, (computer), skrin m., skrinyow
screw [i], n., trogenter f., trogentrow
screw [ii], v., trogentra
screwdriver, n., trogentrell f., trogentrellow
sculpture, n., gravyans m., gravyansow
scum, (film on liquid), n., kenn m.
sea, n., mor m., moryow
seagull, n., goolan f., golanes
Goolan (character in Porth)
seal, (animal), n., reun m., reunes
search [i], n., helgh m.
search [ii], v., hwilas
season, n., seson m., sesonyow
seat, n., esedh f., esedhow
seat belt grogys-kador f., grogysyow-kador
(plur
seaweed, n., gommon coll.
second [i], (time), n., sekond m., sekondow
second [ii], ord., nessa abbrev., 2a
secondary, adj., nessa
secondary school, skol nessa f., skolyow
nessa
secret [i], adj., kevrinek
secret [ii], n., kevrin m., kevrinyow
security, n., diogeledh m.
see, v., gweles
See you, Dha weles (singular), Agas gweles
(plural)
seed, n., hasen f., hasennow , has coll.
seek, v., hwilas
seem, v., heveli
it seems to me, yth hevel dhymm
as it seems, del hevel
select, v., dewis
selection, n., dewis m., dewisow
self, n. & pron., honan
myself, ow honan
yourself, dha honan
himself, y honan
herself, hy honan
ourselves, agan honan
yourselves, agas honan
themselves, aga honan
selfish, adj., honanus
selfishness, n., honanuster m.
sell, v., gwertha
semibreve, n., hanterbrev m., hanterbrevow
semifinal, n., hantergwari m., hantergwariow
semiquaver, n., hanterkwaver m.,
hanterkwaveryow
send, v., danvon
sense, (meaning), n., styr m., styryow
sensible, adj., fur
sensitivity, (Science), n., sensytyvita m.
sentence, (English), n., lavar m., lavarow
separate [i], adj., diberthys
separate [ii], v., dibertha
separation, n., dibarth f.
53
shake
September, n., mis Gwynngala m.
Did you know that mis Gwynngala literally means
‘month of white straw’ the English means ‘seventh
month’?
Gorsedh Kernow is held in September.
Gorsedh Kernow yw synsys yn mis
Gwynngala.
serious, adj., sad
seriously, adv., yn sad
servant n., gwas m., gwesyon
serve, v., servya
server, (IT), n., servell f., servellow
service, n., servis m., servisyow (church)
oferen f., oferennow
set [i], (clotted), adj., molys
set [ii], n., bagas m., bagasow
set [iii], v., settya
set [iv], (of sun), v., sedhi
to set off, (leave), gasa
to set up, (establish), selya
settlement, n., trevesigeth f., trevesigethow
seven, card., seyth
seven o’clock, seyth eur
seventeen, card., seytek
seventeenth, ord., seytegves abbrev., 17ves
seventh, ord., seythves abbrev., 7ves
seventieth, ord., degves ha tri ugens abbrev.,
70ves
seventy, card., deg ha tri ugens
several, adj., lies (with singular) meur a2 (with
pl. )
There are several chairs in the hall.,
Yma lies kador y’n hel.
There are several chairs in the hall.,
Yma meur a gadoryow y’n hel.
sew, v., gwia
sewing, n., gwians m.
sex, n., reydh f.
sexism, n., reydhgasieth f.
sexist, adj., reydhgasydh m., reydhgasydhyon
sexual, adj., reydhel
sexy, adj., reydhek
shade [i], n., goskes m.
shade [ii], v., goskeusi
shadow, n., skeus m., skeusow
shaft, (mine), n., shafta m., shaftow
shake [i], n., kren m., krenyow
shake [ii], v., krena
shallow, adj., bas
shame, n., meth f., methow
shamed, adj., methys
shameful, adj., methus
shape, n., shap m., shapyow
share [i], n., kevren f., kevrennow
54
shake
share [ii], v., kevrenna
shark, n., morvleydh m., morvleydhi
Did you know that the word morvleydh literally means
‘sea-wolf’? There are many animals and plants that have
a mor- put infront of them to make a new animal or plant.
sharp, (pointed), adj., lymm
shave, v., divarva
she, pron., hi
shed, n., krow m., krowyow
sheep, n., davas f., deves (pl )
sheet, (paper), n., folen f., folennow
shelf, n., estyllen f., estylennow
shell, (sea shell), n., krogen f., kregyn
shelter, n., skovva f., skovvaow
shield, n., skoos m., skosow
shine, v., splanna
ship, n., gorhel m., gorholyon
shirt, n., krys m., krysyow
T-shirt, krys-T m.
Rugby shirt, krys rugbi m.
shock, n., skruth m. skruthow
shocked, adj., diegrys
shoe, n., eskis f., eskisyow
shoot [i], (sprout), n., egin m., eginyow
shoot [ii], (gun), v., tenna
shoot [iii], (fylm), v., fylmya
shop [i], (retail store), n., gwerthji m.,
gwerthjiow
shop [ii], (workshop), n., shoppa m., shoppow
shop [iii], v., prenassa
short, adj., berr
shorts, n., lavrek berr m., lavregow berr
shot, n., tenn m., tennow
shoulder, n., skoodh f., skodhow , diwskodh dual
shout [i], n., garm f., garmow
shout [ii], v., garma
show [i], n., diskwedhyans m., diskwedhyansow
show [ii], v., diskwedhes
shower [i], n., kowas f., kowasow
shower [ii], v., kowasa
shrimp, n., bibyn-bubyn m., bibynes-bubyn
shrine, n., krerva f., krervaow
shrink, v., omvyhanhe
shut [i], adj., deges
shut [ii], v., degea
Shut up!, Taw taves!
shy, adj., gohelus
sick, adj., klav
sickness, n., kleves m.
side, n., tu m., tuyow
siege, n., synsans m.
sigh [i], n., hanas m., hanasow
sigh [ii], v., hanasa
sight, n., golok f., gologow
sign [i], n., arwodh f., arwodhyow
skinny
sign [ii], v., sina
signal, n., sinell f., sinellow
signature, n., sinans m., sinansow
Sikhism, n., Sikieth f.
silence, n., taw m.
silent, adj., tawesek
silly, adj., gocki
silver, n., arghans m.
similar, adj., haval
similarly, adv., yndella
simile, (English), n., komparyans m.,
komparyansow
simple, adj., sempel
simply, adv., yn sempel
sin [i], n., peghes m. peghosow pegh coll.
sin [ii], v., pegha
since, connec., a-ban2
sing, v., kana
singer n., kaner m., kanoryon
single [i], adj., unn
single [ii], (unmarried), adj., didhemmedh
single [iii], pron., onan
singular, adj., unnplek
sink [i], n., new f., newyow
sink [ii], v., sedhi
sinner, n., peghader m., peghadoryon
Sir, (title), Syr m.
sister, n., hwor f., hwerydh
sit, v., esedha
situation, n., tyller m., tylleryow
six, card., hwegh
six form, hwegh form
six o’clock, hwegh eur
sixteen, card., hwetek
sixteenth, ord., hwetegves abbrev., 16ves
sixth ord., hweghves abbrev., 6ves
sixtieth ord., tri ugensves abbrev., 60ves
sixty, card., tri ugens
size, n., braster m., brasterow
skate, v., rostella
skateboard, n., rostel f., rostellow
sketch [i], n., linennans m., linenansow
sketch [ii], v., linenna
ski [i], n., ski m., skiow , dewski (dual)
ski [ii], v., skia
skilful, adj., sleygh
skill, n., sleyneth f.
skin, n., kroghen f., kreghyn
skinny, adj., askornek
skip, v., skyppya
skip school, skeusi skol
skipping rope, n., lovan-lemmel f., lovanowlemmel
skirt, n., losten f., lostennow
skive, v., skeusi
skull, n., krogen f., kregyn
sky, n., ebron f.
skin
slack, adj., lows
slap [i], n., skat m., skatow
slap [ii], v., skatya
sleep [i], n., kosk m.
sleep [ii], v., koska
sleepy, adj., koskek
sleeve, n., breghel m., bregholow
slender, adj., kul
slice, n., tregh m., treghow
slide [i], n., slynk m., slynkow
slide [ii], v., slynkya
slightly, adv., nebes
slim, adj., tanow
slope, n., leder f., ledrow m.
sloping, adj., ledrek
slow, adj., lent
slowly, adv., yn lent
slug, n., melhwen f., melhwennow
sly, adj., fell
small, adj., bian
smart [i], (brainy), adj., skentel
smart bomb, tanbellen gonnyk
smart board, bord konnyk
smart [ii], (neat), adj., fethus
smash, v., skatya
smell [i], n., blas m., blasow
smell [ii], v., blasa
smelly, adj., flerys
smile [i], n., minhwarth m., minhwarthow
smile [ii], v., minhwerthin
smoke [i], n., mog m.
smoke [ii], v., megi
No smoking, Megi difennys
smooth, adj., leven
smoothie, n., levenek f., levenegow
snack, n., kroust m., kroustyow
snack
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kroust
pasty
sandwich
crisps
peanuts
cake
biscuits
cheese
salami
apple
banana
chocolate
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pasti
baramanyn
kresigow
know dor
tesen
tesennow kales
keus
selsik
aval
banana
choklet
snail, n., bulhorn m., bulhornes
snake, n., sarf f., serf
snatch, v., kibya
sneeze [i], n., striw m., striwyow
sneeze [ii], v., striwi
55
soon
snore, v., renki
snow [i], n., ergh m.
snow [ii], v., gul ergh
It’s snowing, is school shut?
Yma hi ow kul ergh, yw skol deges?
so [i], adv., mar2
so quick
mar uskis
so stupid
mar wocki
so [ii], connec., ytho, rag henna
I saw the fight so I know.,
My a welas an omladh ytho my a wor.
so that, may5 , mayth (before vowel)
Take away the chairs so that we can dance.
Kemmer a-ves an kadoryow may hyllyn ni
donsya.
Switch on the heating so that the house is
warm.
Skwych yn few an tommder mayth yw
tomm an chi.
soap, n., sebon m., sebonow
social, adj., kowethasek
society, n., kowethas f., kowethasow
sock, n., lodrik m., lodrigow
sofa, n., gweli-dydh m., gweliow-dydh
soft, adj., medhel
software, (IT), n., medhelweyth m.
soil, n., gweres m., gweresow
soldier, n., souder m., soudoryon
sole [i], adj., unn unnik
sole [ii], (foot), godhen m., godhnow ,
dewwodhen (dual)
solution [i], (of problem), n., digolm m.,
digolmow
solution [ii], (chemistry), n., dowrheans m.,
dowrheansow
solve, v., digelmi
some [i], adj., nebes
some [ii], adv., neb
somebody, pron., nebonan
somehow, adv., war neb kor
something, pron., neppyth
sometime, adv., nepprys
sometimes, adv., treweythyow
somewhere, adv., neb le
son, n., mab m., mebyon
song, n., kan f., kanow
soon, adv., yn skon
sore, adj., tynn
sorrow, n., anken m., ankenyow
sorry, phr., drog yw genev
sort, n., ehen f., ehennow
soul n., enev f., enevow
sound, n., son m., sonyow
soup, n., souben f., soubennow
sour, adj., trenk
56
song
south, n., dyghow m. soth m.
southeast, n., soth-est m.
southwest, n., soth-west m.
space, (astronomy), n., efanvos m.
space bar, (keyboard), barren-spas f.,
barennow-spas
spaceship, n., sterlester m., sterlestri
spade, n., pal f., palyow
spanner, n., alhwedh-know m., alhwedhow-know
speak, v., kewsel
speak to, kewsel orth
special, adj., arbennek
specification, n., (Technology), ragnotyans m.,
ragnotyansow
speech , kows m., kowsow
speed, n., tooth m.
spell, v., lytherenna
spelt, lytherennys
How do you spell...?
Fatel wre’ ta lytherenna...?
spend, v., spena
spider, n., kevnisen f., kevnisennow, kevnis coll.
spill, v., skollya
spin, v., troyllya
spinach, n., spinach m.
spirit, n., spyrys m., spyrysyon
spit, v., trewa
spiteful, adj., spitus
splash [i], n., lagyans m.
splash [ii], v., lagya
splendid, adj., splann
splinter, n., skommyn f., skommow , skomm coll.
smashed to smithereens, skattys dhe
skommow
split, v., falsa
sponge, n., spong m., spongow
spoon, n., lo f., loyow
sport, n., sport m., sportow
sports hall, sportva f., sportvaow
spot [i], (stain), n., namm m., nammow
spot [ii], (pimple), n., koriek m., koriogas
spray, v., stifella
spread, v., lesa
spreadsheet, n., leslen f., leslennow
spring [i], (season), n., gwenton m.
spring [ii], (coil), n., torgh f., tergh
spring [iii], (jump), v., lamma
squad, n., para m., paraow
square, n., pedrek m., pedrogow
squash, v., gwaska
squeak, v., gwighal
squeeze, v., gwaska
squirrel, n., gwiwer m., gwiwerow
stability, n., faster m.
stable [i], (steady), adj., fast
stable [ii], (for horses), n., marghti m.,
stem
marghtiow
staff, (employees), n., meni coll.
stage, n., gwariva f., gwarivaow
stain, n., mosten f., mostennow
stair, n., gris m., grisyow
stamina, n., stamina m.
stamp, n., stamp m., stampow
stand [i], (get up), v., sevel
stand up, sav yn-bann
stand [ii], (bear, suffer), v., perthi
I can't stand it., Ny allav vy y berthi.
standard [i], adj., savonek
standard [ii], n., savon f., savonow
stanza, n., gwers f., gwersow
staple [i], (fastening), n., krommgenter f.,
krommgentrow
staple [ii], v., krommgentra
stapler, n., jynn-krommgentra m., jynnowkrommgentra
star, n., steren f., sterennow , ster coll.
stare, v., lagatta
starfish, n., pympbys m., pympbyses
Did you know that the word pympbys literally means
‘five finger’? You can make a fair imitation of a starfish
with your hand!
start [i], (beginning), n., dalleth m.
start [ii], (begin), v., dalleth
starve, v., merwel dre nown
I’m starving., Gwag ov vy.
state [i], (condition), studh m., studhyow
state [ii], (country), gwlas f., gwlasow
statement, n., menegyans m.
station, (bus, train), gorsav m., gorsavow
statue, n., delow m., delowyow
status quo, (Latin), phr., studh a lemmyn
stave (Music), n., erwydhva f., erwydhvaow
stay [i], (wait), v., gortos
stay [ii], (live), v., triga
steady, adj., fast
steal, v., ladra
steam, n., eth coll.
steel, n., dur m.
steep, adj., serth
steer, v., lewya
stem, n., ben m., benyow
step [i], (pace), n., kamm m., kammow
step [ii], (stair), n., gris m., grisyow
stereotype [i], n., skwirglassans m.,
skwirglassansow
stereotype [ii], v., skwirglassa
stick [i], n., prenn, m., prennyer
stick [ii], v., glena
sticky, adj., glusek
stiff, (inflexible), adj., diwedhyn
steer
still, adj., kosel
sting, v., piga
stink, n., fler m.
stinking, adj., flerys
stir, v., treloubya
stitch [i], n., gwri m.
stitch [ii], v., gwrias
stock, n., stock m., stockow
stomach, n., sagh-boos m., seghyer-boos
stone, n., men m., meyn
stool, n., skavel f., skavellow
stop [i], (bus), n., savla m., savleow
stop [ii], v., hedhi
store [i], (shop), n., gwerthji m., gwerthjiow
store [ii], (warehouse), n., gwithva f., gwithvaow
storm, n., hager awel f., hager awelyow
story, n., hwedhel m., hwedhlow
straight, adj., kompes
strange, adj., koynt
stranger, n., estren m., estrenyon
straw, n., kalen f., kalennow
strawberry, n., sevien f., seviennow , sevi coll.
stream, n., gover m., goverow
street, n., stret m., stretow
strength, n., krevter m., krevteryow
strengthen, v., krevhe
stress [i], (tension), n., tennva f.
stress [ii], (pressure), n., gwask f.
stretch, v., ystyn
strike [i], (hit), n., gweskel m.
strike [ii], (hit), v., gweskel
strike [iii], (suspension of work), n., astelober m.,
astelyow-ober m.
strike [iv], (suspension of work), v., astela
string, n., korden f., kordenyow
strong, adj., krev
struggle, v., omdewlel
stubborn, adj., penn kales
student, n., studhyer m., studhyoryon
study, v., studhya
stuff, n., stoff m.
stumble, v., trebuchya
stupid, adj., gocki
stupidity, n., gockineth f.
stylish, adj., kelvydh
57
superlative
sunset
subject, n., testen f., testennow
school
subjects
Maths
English
Science
Languages
Technology
Information
Technology
IT
Art and Design
Drama
Music
Geography
History
Religious
Education
RE
Civics
Physical
Education
PE
Business
Studies
PSHE
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testennow
skol
Awgrym
Sowsnek
Godhonieth
Yethow
Teknegieth
Teknegieth
Kedhlow
TK
Art ha Desin
Drama
Ilow
Doronieth
Istori
Adhyskans
Kryjyk
AK
Burgesegow
Adhyskans
Fisegel
AF
Studhyansow
Negys
AKYP
substance, n., substans f., substansow
subtitle, n., istitel m., istitlow
subtraction, n., istennans m., istennansow
succeed, v., seweni
success, n., sewena f.
such, (like), adj. & pron., kepar ha
such people, tus an par na
suck, v., sugna
suddenly, adv., distowgh
suffer, v., godhevel
suffering, n., godhevyans m.
sufficient, adj., lowr a2
That is sufficient cheese.
Hemm yw lowr a geus.
sugar, n., sugra m.
suggest, v., profya
suitable, adj., gwiw
suitcase, n., trog m., trogyow
Trog (character in Porth II)
sulk, v., moutya
sum, n., sommen f., somennow
summer, n., hav m., havyow
sun, n., howl m., howlyow
Sunday n., dy’ Sul m.
Sunday night, nos Sul f.
sunhat, n., hat howl m., hattow howl
sunrise, n., howldrehevel m.
sunset, n., howlsedhes m.
58
superlative, n., gradh uhella m., gradhow uhella
supermarket, n., gorvarhas f., gorvarhasow
superstitious, adj., hegol
supper, n., soper m.
supple, adj., hebleth
suppleness, n., heblethter m.
supply, v., provia
support, v., skoodhya
suppose, v., tybi
as I suppose, del dybav
sure, adj., sur
surely, adv., yn sur
surf [i], n., mordardh m.
surf [ii], v., mordardha
surface, n., enep m., enebow
surfboard, n., bord-mordardha m., bordowmordardha
surname, n., hanow-teylu m., henwyn-teylu
surprise, n., marth m.
I am surprised, marth yw genev
surrender, v., omri
survive, v., durya
suspicious, adj., skeusek
swallow, v., kolenki
swan, n., alargh m., elergh
swap, v., keschanjya
swear, (curse), v., molethi
sweat [i], n., hwys m.
sweat [ii], v., hwesa
sweatshirt, n., krys-hwys m., krysyow-hwys
sweep, v., skuba
sweet [i], adj., hweg
sweet [ii], n., hwegen f., hwegennow
swim, v., neuvya
swimming pool, poll-neuvya m.
swing [i], n., lesk-lovan m., leskow-lovan
swing [ii], v., leska
switch [i], n., skwych m., skwychow
switch [ii], v., skwychya
switch on, skwychya yn few
switch off, skwychya yn farow
syllable, n., syllaben f., syllabennow
symbolism, n., arwodhogeth f.
symmetry, n., kemusurans m., kemusuransow
sympathy, n., tregeredh f.
sympathetic, adj., tregeredhek
synagogue, n., synaga m., synagow
synonym, n., kesstyr m., kesstyryow
syringe, n., skitel f., skitellow
system, n., system m., systemow
Technology
technique
T, t
table, n., moos f., mosow
table tennis, tennis-moos m.
set the table, settya moos
tablespoon, n., lo vras f., loyow bras
table top, n., bord m., bordow
tablet, n., pelennik m., pelennigow
tactic, n., taktek m., taktegow
tadpole, n., pennyn m., pennynnow
tail, n., lost m., lostow
take, v., kemeres
take care, kemmer with (sinular), kemerewgh
with
talent, n., roas m., roasow
talented, adj., roasek
talk [i], n., kows m., kowsow
talk [ii], v., kewsel
talkative, adj., tavosek (literally ‘abounding in
tongue’)
tall, adj., hir
Did you know the Cornish word hir means ‘long’ as well
as ‘tall’? Does someone who is tall become long when
they lie down?
Tamar River, (place), Dowr Tamar m.
tame, adj., dov
tanker, n., tanker m., tankeryow
tap, n., tap m., tappow
tape, n., snod m., snodow
tape measure, musurell f., musurellow
target, n., kosten f., kostennow
task, n., oberen f., oberennow
taste [i], n., blas m., blasow
taste [ii], v., blasa
tasty, adj., sawrek
tattoo, n., korfliw m., korfliwyow
tax, n., toll f., tollow
taxi, n., taksi m., taksiow
tea, n., te m., teow
teach v., dyski
teacher, n., dyskader m., dyskadoryon
school mistress, dyskadores f.,
dyskadoresow, Dyskadores (character in
Porth)
team, n., para m., paraow
teapot, n., pot-te m., pottow-te
tear [i], (weeping), n., dagren f., dagrow
tear [ii], (rip), v., skwardya
tease, v., higa
teaspoon n., lo-de f., loyow-te
teatime, n., prys te m.
technical, adj., teknegel
technician, n., tekneger m., teknegoryon
technique, n., teknek m., teknegow
Technology, (school subject), Teknologieth
Technology
<>
Teknologieth
acrylic
aesthetic
assemble
brief
carbohydrate
components
design
dimension
evaluation
fabric
fat
flow chart
graphics
hygiene
ingredients
innovation
knife
machine
manufacture
mechanism
metal
nutrition
plastic
protein
portfolio
presentation
recipe
research
sewing
specification
vacuum
vitamin
wood
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akrylyk
ethesyk
keskorra
oberen
karbohydrat
rannow
desin
myns
arbrisyans
kweth
blonek
tresen resek
tresennegow
glanethter
devnydhyow
nowedhans
kollel
jynn
gwrians
jynnweyth
alkan
megyans
plastek
protin
portfolio
presentyans
resayt
hwithrans
sewa
ragnotyans
gwagva
vitamin
prenn
telephone [i], n., pellgowser m., pellgowseryow
telephone [ii], v., pellgewsel
telephone number, niver pellgowser m.,
niverow pellgowser
television, n., pellwolok f., pellwologow
tell, v., (say) leverel
tell jokes, gesya
tell off, keski
temperature, n., tempredh m., tempredhow
temple, n., tempel m., templow
tempo, n., tooth m., tothyow
tender, adj., bludh
tendency, n., plegyans m., plegyansow
tendon, n., skenna m., skennow
ten, card., deg
ten o’clock, deg eur
ten past two, deg wosa diw eur
ten to ten, deg dhe dheg eur
tennis, n., tennis m.
59
therefore
tense [i], adj., tynn
tense [ii], (MFL), amser f., amseryow
future tense, amser a-dheu
past tense n., amser passys
present tense, amser lemmyn f.
perfect tense, amser perfydh f.
tension, n., tynnder m.
tent, n., tylda m., tyldow
tenth, ord., degves abbrev., 10ves
tepid, adj., mygyl
term, (school) n., trymis m., trymisyow
terrible, adj., euthyk
terribly, adv., yn euthyk
terrorist, n., broweghyer m., broweghyoryon
territory, n., tiredh m., tiredhow
terror, n., browagh m., browaghow
test [i], n., prov m., provow
test [ii], v., previ
testament, n., testament m.
tête-à-tête, (French), phr., kows penn dhe
benn
text, n., tekst m., tekstow
textbook, n., tekstlyver m., tekstlyvrow
texture, n., gwiasedh m., gwiasedhow
than [i], prep., ages
Kerry is taller than Sophie.
Kerry yw hirra ages Sophie.
than [ii], connec., es del2
thank, v., grassa
thank you, meur ras
thank you very much, meur ras bras
that [i], an… …na
that man, an den na
that [ii], pron., henna m., honna f.
What is that?
Pyth yw henna?
the, definite article, an
theatre [i], (building), n., gwariji m., gwarijiow
m.
theatre [ii], (the stage), gwariva f., gwarivaow
open-air theatre, plen an gwari m.
their, pron., aga3 …i
Where are their books?
Ple’ma aga lyvrow i?
Here is their father.
Ottomma aga thas i.
theirs, pron., dhedha
it’s theirs
dhedha yw
them, pron., i
theme, n., thema m., themow
themselves, pron., aga honan
then [i], adv., ena
then [ii], connec., ytho
If it’s cold then I will wear a coat.
Mars yw yeyn ytho my a wra omwiska yn
kota.
60
there
therapy, n., yaghheans m. yaghheansow
there, adv., ena
there is, yma (often shortened to ‘ma)
therefore, adv., rag henna
thermometer, n., tesvusurell f., tesvusurellow
these [i], adj., an … ma
these [ii], pron., an re ma
these chairs, an kadoryow ma
they, pron., i
They have finished.
I re worfennas.
thick, adj., tew
thickness, n., tewder
Did you know that this word, tewder, is where the familyname Tudor came from? The Royal House of Tudor were
Welsh speakers and Welsh is very similar to Cornish.
thief, n., lader m., ladron
thieve, v., ladra
thigh, n., mordhos f., mordhosow , diwvordhos
dual
thin, adj., tanow
thing, n., tra f., taklow
thingy, n., pyth m., pythow
think, v., prederi
third [i], tressa abbrev., 3sa
third [ii], n., tressa rann f., 1/3
thirst, n., seghes
thirsty, adj., sygh
Are you thirsty? Eus seghes dhis
I’m thirsty. Yma seghes dhymm.
thirteen, card., tredhek
thirteenth, adj, tredhegves abbrev., 13ves
thirtieth, ord.., degves war’n ugens abbrev.,
30ves
thirty, card., deg war’n ugens
this [i], adj., an… …ma
This house is empty.
An chi ma yw gwag.
this [ii], pron., hemma m., homma f.
What is this?
Pyth yw hemma?
This is a cat.
Kath yw homma.
thorn, n., dren m., dreyn
thorny, adj., drenek
thorough, adj., dien
thoroughly, adv., yn tien
those [i], pron., an… …na
those pens,
an pluvennow na
those [ii], pron., an re na
though, connec., kyn5, kynth (before a vowel)
although she says that
kyn lever hi hemma
although he was angry
tin
kynth o ev serrys
thought, n., preder m., prederow
thoughtful, adj., prederus
thoughtless, adj., dibreder
thousand, card., mil f., milyow
a thousand times, milweyth
thousandfold, adj., milblek
thousandth, ord., milves abbrev., 1000ves
thread, n., neusen f., neusennow neus coll.
threat, n., godros m., godrosow
threaten, v., godros
three, card., tri3 m., teyr3 f.
three o’clock, teyr eur
There are three books on the table.
Yma tri lyver war an voos.
throat, n., briansen f., briansennow
through, prep., dre2, der (before a vowel),
by post, dre lyther
by your leave, (with your permission), der
agas kummyas
throw [i], n., towl m., towlow
throw [ii], v., tewlel
thumb n., meus m., meusi
thunder, n., taran f.
Thursday, n., dy’ Yow m.
tick [i], (mark), n., tyck f., tyckow
tick [ii], v., tyckya
ticket, n., tokyn m., toknow
ticket machine, jynn-tokyn m., jynnowtokyn
tickle, v., kosa
tide, n., mordid m., mordidow
hightide, morlanow m.
low tide, tryg m.
tidy, adj., kempen
tidy up, v., kempenna
tie [i], n., kolm m., kolmow
tie [ii], v., kelmi
tiger, n., tiger m., tigres
tights, n., tynnow
tile, n., prileghen f., prileghennow
till, (for paying), n., rekenva f.
timber, n., prenn m.
time [i], n., termyn m., termynyow
time [ii], (period of time), n., prys m. prysyow
all the time, pub eur oll
once upon a time, y’n termyn eus passys
what’s the time?, py eur yw?
waste time, gwibessa
time line, (History), linen dermyn f.,
linennow termyn
waste time, gwibessa
Did you know that the Cornish v. gwibessa literally
means to catch gnats? Try it then you’ll know why it
means ‘to waste time’.
tin
timetable, n., euryador m. euryadoryow
tin [i], (metal), n., sten m.
tin [ii], (tin can), n., kanna m., kannow
tin-opener, ygerell-kavas f.
tiny, adj., munys
tip, (point), n., toppyn m., toppynnow
tire, v., skwitha
tired adj., skwith
tiring, adj., skwithus
title, n., titel m., titlow
to, prep., dhe2
to me, dhymm
to you, (singular), dhis
to him, dhodho
to her, dhedhi
to us, dhyn
to you, (plural), dhywgh
to them, dhedha
toad, n., kronek m., kronoges
toast, n., kras coll., n., krasen f., krasennow
toasted, adj., kras
toaster, n., krasyer m., krasyeryow
today, adv., hedhyw
toe, n., bys-troos m., besies-troos
toffee, n., klyji m.
together, adv., war-barth
all togther, oll war-barth
toilet, (lavatory), n., privedhyow
toilet paper, paper privedhyow
Can I go to the toilet please?
A allav vy mos dhe’n privedhyow mar pleg?
tomato, n., aval-kerensa m., avalow-kerensa
tomorrow, adv., a-vorow
tone, n., ton m., tonyow
tongue, n., taves m., tavosow
mother tongue, mammyeth f.
tonight, adv., haneth
tonne, (1000 kg), n., tonnas m., tonasow
too [i], (also), adv., ynwedh
too [ii], (too, far, etc),re2
too much, re2
too small, re vyhan
too much money, re a arhans
too many people, re a dus
tool, n., toul m., toulow
tooth, n., dans m., dens
toothache, n., gloos-dens m.
toothbrush, n., skubyllen-dhens f., skubylennowdens
toothpaste, n., dehen-dens m.
Torah, (RE), n., Tora m.
topic, n., mater m., materyow
tortoise, n., melhwioges f., melhwiogesow
total [i], (whole), adj., dien
total [ii], n., somm m. sommow
totally, adv., yn tien
61
trunk
touch [i], n., toch m.
touch [ii], v., tava
tough, adj., kales
tour, n., torn m., tornow
tourism, n., tornyaseth f.
tourist, n., tornyas m., tornysi
towards, prep., war-tu ha (war-tu hag before
vowels),
We are going towards Launceston.
Yth esen ni ow mos war-tu ha Lannstevan.
We are going towards Penryn.
Yth esen ni ow mos war-tu hag Pennrynn.
towel, n., towel m., towellow
tower, n., tour m., touryow
town, n., tre f., trevow
toy, n., gwariel f., gwariellow
track, (trace), n., (trace) lergh m., lerhow
tractor, n., jynn-tenna m., jynnow-tenna
trade [i], n., kenwerth m.
trade [ii], v., kenwertha
tradition, n., hengov m., hengovyow
traditional, adj., hengovek
traffic n., daromres m.
traffic lights, golowyow daromres
traffic jam, daromdag m.
train [i], (railway), n., tren m., trenow
train [ii], v., dyski
trainer [i], (teacher), n., dysker m., dyskoryon
trainer [ii], (shoe), eskis-sport f., eskisyowsport
traitor, n., traytour m., traytouryon
trample, v., stankya
transfer, v., treusworra
translate, v., treylya
translation, n., treylyans m., treylyansow
transparent, (transparent), adj., ylyn
transport [i], n., treusporth m.
transport [ii], v., treusperthi
trap [i], n., maglen f., maglennow
trap [ii], v., maglenna
travel, v., vyajya
traveller, n., tremenyas m., tremenysi
tray, n., servyour m., servyouryow
tread, v., stankya
treasure, n., tresor m., tresoryow
treat, v., dyghtya
treatment, n., dyghtyans m., dyghtyansow
tree, n., gwedhen f., gwydh coll.
trial [i], (test), n. prov m., provow
trial [ii], (law), n., trial m., trialyow
triangle, n., trihorn m., trihernow
trick [i], n., kast m., kastow
trick [ii], v., kestya
trip up, v., trebuchya
trouble, n., kedryn f. kedrynnow
trousers, n., lavrek m., lavrogow
true, adj., gwir
62
trunk
truly, adv., yn hwir
trumpet, n., hirgorn m., hirgern
trunk [i], (tree), ben m., benyow
trunk [ii], (box), kofer m., kofrow
trunk [iii], (animal), tron m., tronyow
trust [i], n., trest m.
trust [ii], v., trestya
truth, n., gwiryonedh m., gwiryonedhow
try, v., assaya
T-shirt, n., krys-T m., krysyow-T
tsunami, (Japanese), n., tsunami f., tsunamiow
tube, n., piben f., pibennow
The Tube, (London Underground), An Bib f.
Tuesday, n., dy’ Meurth m.
Tuesday night, nos Veurth
tumbler, (glass), n., gwedren f., gwedrennow
tummy, n., torr m., torrow
tune, n., ton m., tonyow
tunnel, n., kowfordh f., kowfordhow
turkey, n., turki m. turkiow
turn [i], n., tro f., troyow
turn [ii], v., treylya
tutor, n., dyskader m., dyskadoryon
tutor group, bagas-dyskader
twelfth, ord., dewdhegves abbrev., 12ves
twelve, card., dewdhek
twelve o’clock, dewdhek eur
twentieth, ord., ugensves abbrev., 20ves
twenty, card., ugens
twenty past four ugens wosa peder eur
twenty to eight ugens dhe eth eur
twenty five, ord., pymp war’n ugens
twenty five past five, pymp war’n ugens
wosa pymp
twenty five to seven, pymp war’n ugens dhe
seyth eur
twice, adv., diwweyth
twig, n., barren f., barrennow , barr coll.
twin, n., gevel m., gevellyon
twist, (spin, braid), v., nedha
two, card., dew2 m., diw2 f.
two books, dew lyver
two teachers, dew dhyskader
two o’clock, diw eur
type [i], (kind), n., eghen f., eghennow
He’s not my type.
Nyns yw ev ow eghen.
type [ii], v., jynnskrifa
tyre, n., bonden f., bondenyow
upload
up
U, u
ugly, adj., hager
Did you know that hager vor means ‘rough sea’? There
is also a Hager vor surf company.
umbrella, n., glawlen f., glawlennow
unable, adj., diallos
unacceptable, adj., ankemeradow
unbearable, adj., anperthadow
unbelievable, adj., ankrysadow
uncertain, adj., ansur
uncle, n., ewnter m., ewntres
unconscious, adj., klamderek
uncover, v., diskudha
under [i], adv., a-woles
under [ii], prep., yn-dann2
underground, adj., yn-dann dhor
underpants, n., islavrek m., islavrogow
understand, v., konvedhes
underwater, adj., yn-dann dhowr
underwear, n., iswisk m.
undo, (untie), v., digelmi
undress, v., diwiska
uneasy, adj., anes
unemployed, adj., diarvethys
unexpected, adj., tromm
unfair, adj., anfer
unfortunate, adj., anfeusik
unfortunately, phr., yn gwettha prys
unfriendly, adj., diguv
unhappy, adj., anlowen
unhealthy, adj., anyagh
uniform, (clothes), n., unnwisk m., unnwiskow
union, n., unyans m., unyansow
unique, adj., unnik
unit, (Maths), n., unses m., unsesow
united, adj., unys
university, n., pennskol f., pennskolyow
unkind, adj., diguv
unknown, adj., ankoth
unless, connec., marnas
unload v., diskarga
unlock v., dialhwedha
unnatural, adj., dinatur
unnecessary, adj., heb res
unpleasant, adj., diflas
unquestionably, adv., heb dout
unsatisfactory, adj., yn-dann bar
unsuitable, adj., angwiw
untidy, adj., ankempen
untie, v., digelmi
until [i], prep., bys dhe2
until [ii], connec., erna2, ernag (before vowels)
Do not talk until he finishes the test.
Na wrewgh kewsel erna worfen ev an prof.
Do not talk until he is finished.
Na wrewgh kewsel ernag yw ev gorfennys.
unusual, adj., koynt
up, adv., yn-bann
stand up, sav yn bann
speak up, kows yn ughel
upload, v., ughkarga
upon, prep., war2
upright adj., serth
upset [i], adj., distemprys
upset [ii], v., disevel
upside down, adv., war y benn
upstairs, adv., war-vann
upwards, adv., yn-bann
urban, adj., trevel
urgent, adj., yniadow
urinate, v., pisa
us, pron., ni
use [i], n., usyans m. usyansow
use [ii], v., usya
useful, adj., dhe les
user, n., usyer m., usyoryon
user name, hanow-usyer m.
usual, adj., usys
as usual, phr., dell yw usys
U-turn, n., treylyans U, m., treylyansow U
63
upload
up
volcano, n., loskvenydh m., loskvenydhyow
V, v
vacant, adj., gwag
vacuum, n., gwagva f.
vagina, n., kons f.
vague, adj., niwlek
valid, adj., ewn
valley, n., nans m., nansow
valuable, adj., talvosek
value [i], n., talvosogeth f., talvosogethow
value [ii], v., talvos
vanish, v., mos mes a wel
various, adj., divers
vary, v., varya
vegetable, n., losowen f., losow coll.
vegetation, n., glasneth f.
vegetarian, n., losoweger m., losowegoryon
vein, n., gwythien f., gwythiennow gwythi coll.
verify, v., gwirya
verse, n., gwers f., gwersow
version, n., vershon m., vershonyow
vertical, adj., plommwedhek
very, adv., pur2, fest
He is very slow.
Pur lent yw ev.
She is very good.
Hi yw pur dha.
They very good.
I yw fest da.
vessel, n., lester m., lestri
Lester (character in Porth)
vest, n., vesta m., vestow
vet, (veterinary surgeon), n., milvedhek m.,
milvedhogyon
vicious, adj., hegas
victory, n., trygh m. tryghow
video, n., gwydhyow m., gwydhyowyow
view, n., gwel m., gwelyow
vigorous, adj., men
village n., treveglos f., treveglosyow
vinegar, n., aysel m.
violence, n., freudh m.
violent, adj., feudhek
violet, (flower & colour), melyonen f.,
melyonennow mellyon coll.
violin, n., fyll m., fyllow
virgin, n., gwyrgh f., gwerghow
virus, (IT & biology), n., virusen f., virus coll.
vision n., golok f.
visit [i], n., vysyt m., vysytow
visit [ii], v., vysytya
visitor, n., vysyter m., vysytoryon
vocabulary, n., gerva f., gervaow
vocation, n., galow m.
voice, n., lev m., levow
64
Did you know that loskvenydh literally means ‘burning
mountain’? A dormant volcano would be a loskvenydh
yn kosk.
volume [i], n., dalgh m., dalghow
volume [ii], (Maths & Science), n., dalghedh m.,
dalghedhow
volunteer [i], n., ombrofyer m., ombrofyoryon
volunteer [ii], v., ombrofya
vomit, v., hwyja
vote [i], n., vota m., votyow
vote [ii], v., votya
vowel, n., bogalen f., bogalennow
vox pop, (Latin), phr., lev an werin
wallpaper
wall
W, w
wage, n., gober m., gobrow
waist n., kres m.
wait [i], n., gort
wait [ii], v., gortos
Wait a moment.
Gort yn pols.
waiter, n., servyer m., servyoryon
wake [i], (someone), v., difuna
wake [ii], (by oneself), v., omdhifuna
Wales, (place), Kembra f.
walk [i], n., kerdh m., kerdhow
walk [ii], v., kerdhes
wall, n., fos f., fosow
wallpaper, n., paper fos m.
wallet, n., skryp m., skryppow
wander, v., gwandra
want, (desire), n., hwans
I want… yma hwans dhymm…
to want <> mynnes
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd masc.
3rd fem.
1st plur.
2nd plur.
3rd plur.
Present tense
mynnav (vy)
mynnydh (ta)*
mynn (ev)
mynn (hi)
Past tense
mynnis (vy)
mynnsys (ta)
mynnas (ev)
mynnas (hi)
mynnyn (ni)
mynnowgh (hwi)
mynnons (i)
mynnsyn (ni)
mynnsowgh (hwi)
mynnsons (i)
*myn’ta is more commonly used
war, n., kas f., kasow
wardrobe n., dilasva f., dilasvaow m.
warehouse, n., gwaraji m., gwarajiow
warm [i], adj., tomm
warm [ii], v., tommhe
warmth, n., tommder m.
warn, v., gwarnya
warning, n., gwarnyans m., gwarnyansow
wash [i], n., golgh m.
wash [ii], v., golhi
washbasin, n., new f., newyow
washing, n., golgh
washing machine, jynn-golghi m., jynnowgolghi
wasp, n., goghien f., goghiennow pl., goghi coll.
waste [i], n., skoll coll.
waste [ii], v., skollya
watch [i], (vigil), n., gool m., golyow
watch [ii], (timepiece), n., euryor f., euryoryow
watch [iii], (look at), v., mires orth
water [i], n., dowr m., dowrow
water [ii], v., dowra
wave, n., tonn f., tonnow
wavelength, n., tonnhys m.
wax, n., kor coll.
way, n., fordh f., fordhow
we, pron., ni
weak, adj., gwann
weaken, v., gwannhe
weakness n., gwannder m. gwannderyow
weapon, n., arv f., arvow
wear [i], n., gwisk m.
wear [ii], v., gwiska
weather, n., kewer f.
weave, v., gwia
web, n., gwias m., gwiasow
website, n., gwiasva f., gwiasvaow
wedding, n., demedhyans m., demedhyansow
plur.
Wednesday, n., dy’ Mergher m.
Wednesday night, nos Vergher f.
weed, n., hwennen f., hwenennow , hwenn coll.
week, n., seythen f., seythenyow
weekend, n., pennseythen f., pennseythenyow
weekly, adj., seythenyek
weep, v., ola
weigh, v., posa
weight [i], (object), n., posen f., posennow
weight [ii], (total), n., poster m., posteryow
weird, adj., koynt
welcome [i], adj., wolkom
welcome [ii], n., dynnargh m.
Welcome to Cornwall
Kernow a’gas dynnergh
Welcome to our school
Agan skol ni a’gas dynnergh
well [i], adj., yagh
well [ii], adv., yn ta
Well done
Gwrys yn ta
Welsh [i], adj., kembrek
Welsh [ii], (language), n., Kembrek
West, n., West m.
western, adj., west
wet, adj., glyb
whale, n., morvil m., morviles
Did you know that Orvil an Morvil is a character in a
series of Cornish language books for children? The books
also feature Kevin an Kanker.
65
which?
what, pron., pyth, pandra2
What’s the matter?
Pyth yw kamm?
What do you want to drink?
Pandra vynnydh eva?
whatever, pron., pypynag
wheat, n., gwaneth coll.
wheel, n., ros f., rosow
wheelchair, n., kador-ros f., kadoryow-ros
when [i], adv., p’eur5
when [ii], connec., pan2
There was no internet when I was young.
Nyns esa kesrosweyth pan en vy yowynk.
I jumped when I saw the dog.
My a lammas pan wrug vy gweles an ki.
where [i], adv., ple’ma?
Where is the office?
Ple’ma an sodhva?
where [ii], connec., le may5
The hill where I saw the dog.
An vre le may hwrug vy gweles an ki.
whether, connec., po
which?, pron., py?
while, connec., ha, hag (before a vowel)
I did not see him while I was in school.
Ny wrug vy y weles ha my y’n skol.
He did not see me while he was in
school.
Ny wrug ev ow gweles hag ev y’n skol.
whisper [i], n., hwystrans m., hwystransow
whisper [ii], v., hwystra
whistle [i], (sound), n., hwibanans m.
whistle [ii], v., hwibana
white, adj., gwynn
white board, bord gwynn
who [i], question, piw
Who is that?
Piw yw henna?
who [ii], relative pron., neb a2
It was Jenna who I saw.
Jenna o neb a wrug vy gweles.
whole, (complete), dien
wholly, adv., yn tien
whose, pron., dhe biw
Whose car is this?
Dhe biw usi an karr ma?
why, adv., prag y5
Why not?, prag na2
Why do you want to know?,
Prag y fynnydh ta godhvos?
Why didn’t she stop?
Prag na wrug hi hedhi?
wicked, adj., tebel
wide, adj., ledan
widen, v., ledanhe
width, n., les m.
wife, n., gwreg f., gwragedh
66
whether
wild, adj., gwyls
win, v., gwaynya
wind, n., gwyns m., gwynsow
break wind, bramma
windmill, n., melin-wyns f., melinyow-gwyns
window, n., fenester f., fenestri
windy, adj., gwynsek
wing, n., askel f., eskelli
winter, n., gwav m., gwavow
wipe, v., segha
wire, n., gwivren f., gwivrennow , gwiver coll.
wise, adj., fur
wish [i], n., bolonjedh m.
wish [ii], v., hwansa
with, prep., gans
with me, genev
with you, (sing.) genes
with him, ganso
with her, gensi
with us, genen
with you, (pl.) genowgh
with them, pron., gansa
without, prep., heb
without doubt, heb mar
wizard, n., pystrier m., pystrioryon
wolf, n., bleydh m., bleydhi
woman, n., benyn f., benenes
wonderful, adj., marthys
wood [i], (trees), n., koos m., kosow
wood [ii], (material), n., prenn m.
wooden, adj., prenn
wool, n., gwlan coll.
word, n., ger m., geryow
work [i], n., ober m., oberow
work [ii], v., oberi
workbench, n., bynk f., bynkow
workbook, n., oberlyver m., oberlyvrow
worker, n., oberer m., oberoryon
world, n., bys m.
worm, n., pryv m., pryves
worried, adj., prederus
worry, n., preder m., prederow
I’m worried., Yma own dhymm.
worse, comparative, gweth
worship, v., gordhya
worst, superlative, an gwettha
worth, adj., talvedhys
worthless, adj., koog
worthy adj., gwiw
wound [i], n., goli m., goliow
wound [ii], v., golia
wrap, v., maylya
wreck, n., gwreck m., gwreckow
wrestle, v., omdewlel
wrestling, (sport), n., omdowl m.
Cornish wrestling, omdowl kernewek
wrist, n., konna-bregh m., konnaow-bregh,
yell
year
dewgonna-bregh dual
write, v., skrifa
writing, n., skrif m., skrifow
wrong, adj., kamm
X, x
X-ray, n., dewyn-X m., dewynnow-X
X-ray photograph, n., skeusen-dewyn-X f.
xylophone, n., sylofon m., sylofonyow
Y, y
yard, (enclosure), n., garth m., garthow
yawn, v., deleva
year, n., bledhen f., bledhynyow
years of age, bloodh m.
yell [i], n., garm,f., garmow
yell [ii], v., garma
yellow, adj., melyn
yes!, interject., ya!
yesterday, adv., de
yet, adv., hwath
yoghurt, n., yogort m., yogortow
you [i], pron., (singular) ty
you [ii], hwi
young, adj., yowynk
your [i], (possessive pron.), dha2 (singular)
Is this your book?
Yw hemma dha lyver?
Is this your dog?
Yw hemma dha gi?
your [ii], (pocessive pron.), agas (sometimes
shortened to ‘gas)
Is this your book?
Yw hemma agas lyver?
Is this your dog?
Yw hemma agas ki?
youth [i], (young age), n., yowynkneth f.
youth [ii], (young person), n., yonker m.,
yonkoryon
youth club, kowethas yowynkneth f.
Z, z
zebra, n., zebra m., zebres
Zeitgeist, (German), phr., spyrys an termyn m.
zenith, n., ughboynt m.
zero, number, mann m.
zip, n., zypp m., zyppow
zodiac, n., stergylgh
Did you know that the word stergylgh literally means
‘star circle’? The word for circle is kylgh and has been
mutated!
zombie, n., zombi m., zombiyon
zone, n., parth f., parthow
zoo, n., milva f., milvaow
zoo animals
<>
enyvales an vilva
antelope
bear
camel
elephant
giraffe
hippopotamus
lion
meerkat
monkey
panda
penguin
rhinoceros
seal
snake
tiger
zebra
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
<>
gavrewik
ors
kowrvargh
olifans
jiraf
dowrvargh
lew
surikat
sim
panda
penn-gwynn
trongornvil
reun
sarf
tiger
zebra
zulu, n., zulu m., zuluyon
zygote, n., sygot m., sygotow
67
Notyans ◊ Notation
abbrev.
adj.
adv.
card.
coll.
comparitive
connec.
dual
f.
interject.
m.
n.
ord.
phr.
place
pl.
pron.
superlative
v.
abbreviation
adjective
adverb
cardinal number
collective noun
comparitive
connective
dual noun
feminine
interjection
masculine
noun
ordinal number
phrase
place
plural
pronoun
superlative
verb
Sonyow Tyckli ◊ Tricky Sounds
<eu>
This sound is like French fleur.
Try saying a long ’e’ but we rounded lips.
The nearest English sound is ’u’ as in ’hurt’.
<ew>
This sound is like - Cornish Dialect ’Ow kent you do that?’
Try saying ‚’dare we’ but without a gap between the ’e’ and ’w’.
The nearest English sound is ’ow’ as in ’how’.
<gh>
This sound is like Scottish loch.
Try saying ck but in the back of your throat
The nearest English sound is ’h’ as in ’help!’
<oo>
This sound is like French beau.
Try saying aw and oo at the same time.
The nearest English sound is ’oo’ as in ’moon’.
<uC>
This sound is like - French tu.
Try saying ’ee’ but with rounded lips.
The nearest English sound is ’ee’ as in ’been’.
68
Treylyans ◊ Mutation
You may have seen that sometimes a Cornish word has a different initial letter to when you look it up
or that you can’t find a word in the Cornish to English section of a dictionary – this is probably due to
mutation.
Mutation is feature of all six Celtic languages. It came about in the fifth and sixth centuries.
Don’t worry about mutation.
Do not learn mutations.
Everyone makes mistakes with mutation.
This is just a simplified table for those who are interested.
1
Letter
2
Soft
3
Breathed
b
v
ch
j
d
4
Hard
5
Mixed
p
f
dh
t
t
g
w/-
k
k
g
m
v
p
b
f
t
d
th
h
h
f
There are many rules for many different words that cause different mutations. Of course, there are
exceptions to these rules so it’s best just to learn them as you come across them.
Rakhenwyn ◊ Pronouns
The superscript numbers show the mutation caused by the pronoun.
Personal
Possessive
Suffixed
Suffixed
emphatic
Infixed
my
ty
ev
hi
ni
hwi
i
ow3
dha2
y2
hy3
agan
agas
aga3
vy
ta / jy
ev
hi
ni
hwi
i
evy
tejy
eev
hyhi
nyni
hwyhwi
ynsi
‘m
‘th
‘n
‘s
‘gan
‘gas
‘ga
69
Rag-eryow ◊ Prepositions
These combine with personal endings, so with gans meaning ’with’,
First person singular is genev ’with me’
Second person singular is genes ’with you’
Third person masculine is ganso ’with him’
Third person feminine is gensi ’with her’
First person plural is genen ’with us’
Second person plural is genowgh ’with you (plural)’
Third person plural is gansa ’with them’
This may seem complicated but prepositions are really useful especially when conveying ownership ,
Yma karr dhymm, ’I have a car’, literally, ’There is a car to me.’
Prepositions are also used to express wants and desires, Yma own dhis. ‘You are scared.’, literally,
’There is fear to you.’
Prepositions are also used after certain verbs, Govyn orti ‘Ask her’, literally, ‘Ask at her.’
The suffixed pronouns and the suffixed emphatic pronouns can be added to give emphesis,
Yma hwans dhyn mos. means ’We want to go.’
Yma hwans dhyn ni mos. means ’We want to go.’
Yma hwans dhyn nyni mos. means ’We want to go.’
In speech and in writing at the early stages the suffixed pronouns are almost always used
gans ’with’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
genev (vy)
genes (ta)
ganso (ev)
gensi (hi)
Plural
genen (ni)
genowgh (hwi)
gansa (i)
dhe ’to’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
dhymm (vy), dhymmo (vy)
dhis (ta), dhiso (jy)
dhodho (ev)
dhedhi (hi)
Plural
dhyn (ni)
dhywgh (hwi)
dhedha (i)
heb ’without’
1
2
3m
3f
70
Singular
hebov (vy)
hebos (ta)
hebdho (ev)
hebdhi (hi)
Plural
hebon (ni)
hebowgh (hwi)
hebdha (i)
orth ’at’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
orthiv (vy)
orthis (ta)
orto (ev)
orti (hi)
Plural
orthyn (ni)
orthowgh (hwi)
orta (i)
rag ’for’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
ragov (vy)
ragos (ta)
ragdho (ev)
rygdhi (hi)
Plural
ragon (ni)
ragowgh (hwi)
ragdha (i)
a-rag ’before, in front of’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
a-ragov (vy)
a-ragos (ta)
a-ragdho (ev)
a-rygdhi (hi)
Plural
a-ragon (ni)
a-ragowgh (hwi)
a-ragdha (i)
war ’on’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
warnv (vy)
warnas (ta)
warnodho (ev)
warnedhi (hi)
Plural
warnan (ni)
warnowgh (hwi)
warnedha (i)
a ’of’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
ahanav (vy)
ahanas (ta)
anodho (ev)
anedhi (hi)
Plural
ahanan (ni)
ahanowgh (hwi)
anedha (i)
dhyworth ’from’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
dhyworthiv (vy)
dhyworthis (ta)
dhyworto (ev)
dhyworti (hi)
Plural
dhyworthyn (ni)
dhyworthowgh (hwi)
dhyworta (i)
ages ’than’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
agesov (vy)
agsos (ta)
agesso (ev)
agessi (hi)
Plural
ageson (ni)
agesowgh (hwi)
agessa (i)
71
avel ’like, as’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
avelov (vy)
avelos (ta)
avello (ev)
avelli (hi)
Plural
avelon (ni)
avelowgh (hwi)
avella (i)
dres ’over, beyond’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
dresov (vy)
dresos (ta)
dresto (ev)
dresti (hi)
Plural
dreson (ni)
dresowgh (hwi)
dresta (i)
dre ’through, by’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
dredhov (vy)
dredhos (ta)
dredho (ev)
dredhi (hi)
Plural
dredhon (ni)
dredhowgh (hwi)
dredha (i)
a-ugh ’above’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
a-uhov (vy)
a-uhos (ta)
a-uho, a-ughto (ev)
a-uhi, a-ughti (hi)
Plural
a-uhon (ni)
a-uhowgh (hwi)
a-uha, a-ughta (i)
yn ’in’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
ynnov (vy)
ynnos (ta)
ynno (ev)
ynni (hi)
Plural
ynnon (ni)
ynnnowgh (hwi)
ynna (i)
yn-dann ’under’
1
2
3m
3f
Singular
yn-dannov (vy)
yn-dannos (ta)
yn-danno (ev)
yn-danni (hi)
Plural
yn-dannon (ni)
yn-dannowgh (hwi)
yn-danna (i)
yntra, ynter ’between’
1
2
3m
3f
72
Singular
yntredhov (vy)
yntredhos (ta)
yntredho (ev)
yntredhi (hi)
Plural
yntredhon (ni)
yntredhowgh (hwi)
yntredha (i)
English, Greek and Cornish Alphabets
◊
Lytherenegow Sowsnek ha Grek ha Kernewek
English
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a
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w
y
z
ā
bē
sē
dē
ē
ef
jē
āch
ī
jā
kā
el
em
en
ō
pē
kū
är
es
tē
ū
vē
dub’l-ū
eks
wi
zed
Greek
A
B
Г
Δ
E
Z
H
Θ
I
K
Λ
M
N
Ξ
O
Π
P
Σ
T
Υ
Φ
X
Ψ
Ω
α
β
γ
δ
ε
ζ
η
θ
ι
κ
λ
μ
ν
ξ
o
π
ρ
σ, ς
τ
υ
φ
χ
ψ
ω
alpha
beta
gamma
delta
epsīlon
zēta
ēta
thēta
iōta
kappa
lambda
mū
nū
xī
omīcron
pī
rhō
sigma
tau
upsīlon
phī
chī
psī
ōmega
Cornish
A
B
Ch
D
Dh
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Eu
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Gh
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Oo
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Th
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V
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Y
a
b
ch
d
dh
e
eu
f
g
gh
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
oo
p
r
s
t
th
u
v
w
y
a
be
cha
de
dhe
e
eu
ef
ge
ghe
ha
i
je
ka
el
em
en
o
oo
pe
ar
ess
te
the
u
ve
we
ye
Cornish, Breton and Welsh Alphabets
73
◊
Lytherenegow Kernewek ha Bretonek ha Kembrek
Cornish
A
B
Ch
D
Dh
E
Eu
F
G
Gh
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
Oo
Ou
P
R
S
T
Th
U
V
W
Y
a
b
ch
d
dh
e
eu
f
g
gh
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
oo
ou
p
r
s
t
th
u
v
w
y
Breton
a
be
cha
de
dhe
e
eu
ef
ge
ghe
ha
i
je
ka
el
em
en
o
oo
ou
pe
ar
ess
te
the
u
ve
we
ye
A
B
Ch
C’h
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
R
S
T
U
V
W
Y
Z
a
b
Ch
c’h
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
r
s
t
u
v
w
y
z
a
be
che
c’he
de
e
ef
ge
ach
i
ji
ka
el
em
en
o
pe
er
es
te
u
ve
daou-ve
ye
zed
SI units
74
Welsh
A
B
C
Ch
D
Dd
E
F
Ff
G
Ng
H
I
L
Ll
M
N
O
P
Ph
R
Rh
S
T
Th
U
W
y
a
b
c
ch
d
dd
e
f
ff
g
ng
h
i
l
ll
m
n
o
p
ph
r
rh
s
t
th
u
w
y
a
bi
ec
èch
di
èdd
e
èf
èff
èg
èng
aets
i
èl
èll
em
èn
o
pi
ffi
èr
rhi
ès
ti
èth
u
w
y
◊
Unesow SI
English
electric current
Cornish
fros tredan
Unit symbol
A
gronnedh
SI Unit
amper, -yow
(ampere)
kilogram, -mmow
mass
length
hirder
meter, metrow
m
luminous intensity
krevder golow
cd
amount of substance
temperature
myns a substans
tempredh
kandela, -ow
(candela)
mol, -yow
Kelvin, -yow
time
termyn
sekond, -ow
(second)
s
kg
mol
K
Grassow - Thanks
Maga a garsa ri gras dhe...
Albert Bock, Ben Bruch, Tony Hak, Neil Kennedy, Maureen Pierce, Polin Prys, ha Nikki Rowe rag oll aga
gweres.
75