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Nanorobot Propulsion in Biological Fluids
Nanorobot Propulsion in Biological Fluids Peer Fischer 1 Max 2 1,2 Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Stuttgart Institute of Physical Chemistry Univ. of Stuttgart GAFOE Symposium, Potsdam, 16 April 2015 http://pf.is.mpg.de MPI-IS Stuttgart Linda Turner and Howard Berg 3D-printing sperm MEMS motor bacteria blood cells virus enzyme 10nm 100nm 1 μm cell 10μm • • • • • Wood 2007 I-SWARM 1mm 100μm Churaman Bergbreiter 10mm motors piezo 3D nanofabrication power at small scales microswimming biological function new devices and actuation … http://ndpbluenote.com/2012/11/14/steamed-chicken/robot-human-hand-2/ 1 µm http://www.ru.ac.za/emu/prokayoticcells-bacteria/ 50 µm http://www.hitachi-hitec.com/global/em/tab/tm3030_data3.html 1 µm How can we build something that small? Swimming micro-machine driven by magnetic torque K. Ishiyama, M. Sendoh, A. Yamazaki, and K. I. Arai, Sensors Actuators, vol. A 91, pp. 141-144, 2001. mm to cm dimensions biomedical MicroBots Stimulation/ measurement in brain MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT http://antranik.org/protection-for-thebrain-meninges-csf-blood-brain-barrier http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Human_body_dia grams Drug delivery in eye Flow measurement in lymphatic system http://www.emedicinehealth.com http://www.wisegeek.com/what-arelymphatic-vessels.htm Micro- and Nanorobots 1. Nanofabrication in 3D 2. Bio-inspired Microbots 3. NanoBots penetrate tissues 4. Autonomous motion: chemical motors 5. A micro-scallop swimmer Nanopropeller A.G. Mark, J. Gibbs, T.-C. Lee, P. Fischer Nature Materials 12, 802 (2013) D. Schamel, A. Mark, J.G. Gibbs, C. Miksch, K. Morozov, A. Leshansky, P. Fischer, ACS Nano 8, 8794 (2014) How to realize a MicroBot? ? Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) 3-D film shadowed regions Incident Flux Young NO, Kowal J. Optically Active Fluorite Films. Nature 1959, 183(4654): 104-105. Robbie K, Brett MJ, Lakhtakia A. Chiral sculptured thin films. Nature 1996, 384(6610): 616-616. θ micropropellers 1 µm A. Ghosh and P. Fischer, Nano Letters 9, 2243 (2009) τ =m ×B magnetic magnetically actuated micropropellers MPI- 10 µm D. Schamel, M. Pfeifer, J.G. Gibbs, B. Miksch, A.G. Mark, and P. Fischer, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 135 (33), pp 12353–12359 (2013). A. Ghosh and P. Fischer, Nano Letters 9, 2243 (2009) Micro-propellers in vitreous Micro-propellers ~0.04 µm/s 2 µm Debora Schamel biomedical MicroBots Stimulation/ measurement in brain MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT Ultrastructure of Human Vitreous Levin et al. Adler’s Physiology of the Eye http://antranik.org/protection-for-thebrain-meninges-csf-blood-brain-barrier http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Human_body_dia grams Drug delivery in eye Flow measurement in lymphatic system http://www.emedicinehealth.com Nickerson. Engineering the mechanical properties of ocular tissues, Caltech PhD thesis, 2005. Cellia et al. PNAS, 2009, 106: 14321-6 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-arelymphatic-vessels.htm active pulling of magnetic nanoparticles through vitreous Magnetic force Tian Qiu Average velocities of different diameter beads in porcine vitreous Ultrastructure of Human Vitreous Levin et al. Adler’s Physiology of the Eye Tian Qiu < 500 nm (force 20 pN) http://ndpbluenote.com/2012/11/14/steamed-chicken/robot-human-hand-2/ 1 µm http://www.ru.ac.za/emu/prokayoticcells-bacteria/ 50 µm http://www.hitachi-hitec.com/global/em/tab/tm3030_data3.html 120 nm Ag Al2O3 Ni Si TiO2 the world’s smallest screw propellers A. Mark, J. Gibbs, T.-C. Lee, P. Fischer, Nature Materials 12, 802 (2013) nanopropeller 100 nm 500 nm Debora Schamel Smallest nanopropller in solution to date (300 nm) 100 nm 40 x Quantum-dot fluorescent labelling Hyaluronic Acid Solutions 5 mg/ml hundreds of cP Schamel et al., ACS Nano 8, 8794 (2014) 100 nm Schamel et al., ACS Nano 8, 8794 (2014) Molecular motors 14nm Block lab, Stanford walk on tracks in membranes Minimum size for useful locomotion by free-swimming microbes > 800 nm Dusenbery, PNAS 1997 Chemically powered microdrills J. G. Gibbs and P. Fischer, Chem. Commun. 51, 4192 (2015) self-phoretic colloid 𝛻𝛻𝛻𝛻 self-propulsion autonomously powered microdrills Fdrive Fdrive J. G. Gibbs and P. Fischer, Chem. Commun. 51, 4192 (2015) Microscallop reciprocal motion microswimmer T. Qiu, T.-C. Lee, A.M. Mark, K.I. Morozov, R. Münster, O. Mierka, S Turek, A. M. Leshansky, P. Fischer Nature Communications 5, 5119 (2014) physicist‘s scallop reciprocal motion …A-B-A-B-A-B-A…. biological fluids MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT Stimulation/ measurement in brain http://antranik.org/protection-for-thebrain-meninges-csf-blood-brain-barrier http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Human_body_dia grams Flow measurement in lymphatic system viscoelastic non-Newtonian (inhomogeneous) Drug delivery in eye http://www.emedicinehealth.com http://www.wisegeek.com/what-arelymphatic-vessels.htm Nickerson. Engineering the mechanical properties of ocular tissues, Caltech PhD thesis, 2005. Cellia et al. PNAS, 2009, 106: 14321-6 non-Newtonian fluid shear thinning fluid: hyaluronic acid (6 mg/ml) Fabrication via a photolithographically fabricated mold Tian Qiu Micro-scallop swims while falling under gravity Helmholtz coil to drive the micro-scallop in a large tank Micro-scallop is made of PDMS Nature Communications 5, Article number: 5119 (2014) doi:10.1038/ncomms6119 Acknowledgments: Post-docs Dr. Fabian Adams Dr. Piotr Garbacz Dr. Andrew G. Mark Dr. Ji Tae Kim Dr. Peter Oswald Dr. Stefano Palagi Dr. Jerome Roche Dr. Dhruv Singh Ph.D. Students Mariana Alarcón-Correa Udit Choudhury Sahand Eslami Angela Holst Insook Kim Hyeon-Ho Jeong Kai Melde Tian Qui Johannes Sachs Debora Walker http://pf.is.mpg.de Research assistants Dr. Tahira Yasmin Bjoern Miksch Jasmin Haap Anurag Kanase Robert Stojkovic Alejandro Psada Boada Technical staff Cornelia Miksch Ute Heinrichs Administrative asst. Jutta Hess Thank you for your attention! financial support:
