ESTCON2014 Technical programME

Transcription

The 3rd International Conference on
Process Engineering and Advanced Materials
A Conference of
World Engineering, Science & Technology Congress
(ESTCON)
3 - 5 June 2014
Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre
Technical Programme
The 3rd International Conference on
Process Engineering and Advanced Materials
(ICPEAM2014)
TECHNICAL PROGRAMME
© 2014
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
Insititute of Technology PETRONAS Sdn Bhd
Copyright and Reprint Permission:
In compliance with the terms of the Copyright Act 1987 and the IP Policy
of the University, the copyright of this publication has been reassigned by
the authors to the legal entity of the University, Institute of Technology
PETRONAS Sdn. Bhd. Due acknowledgement shall always be made of
the use of any material contained in, or derived from this publication. All
materials are copyright of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS. Reproduction
in whole or in part is not permitted without the written permission from
the University.
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
2
CONFERENCE ORGANISING COMMITTEE
3
REVIEWERS
5
PLENARY SPEAKERS
7
NOTES TO DELEGATES
12
CONFERENCE PROGRAMME
14
TECHNICAL SESSIONS
16
POSTER SESSIONS
42
ABSTRACTS
44
The 3rd International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials
A Conference of World Engineering, Science & Technology Congress (ESTCON)
FOREWORD
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DR. MOHAMAD AZMI BUSTAM
Conference Chair, ICPEAM2014
It gives me great pleasure to welcome distinguished speakers and participants to the
“International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials 2014” at the
technologically–advanced, purpose-built Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Malaysia. This
is the 3rd in a series of conferences organized under the World Engineering, Science and
Technology Congress (ESTCON) umbrella that began in 2010. We are also pleased to welcome
participants of the Malaysia-Japan Symposium on Reaction Engineering: Process and Materials
in collaboration with the Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan (SCEJ) and Process Simulation
and Optimization Symposium (PSOS 2014) in collaboration with Group Technical Solutions
(GTS) of PETRONAS.
The previous ICPEAM organized by Chemical Engineering Department, UTP, in 2010 and
2012 were a success story with more than 200 papers deliberated. ICPEAM 2014 is Chemical
Engineering based conference that aims to provide a platform for experts from academia and
industry to showcase the latest findings in their areas of expertise that include material science
and engineering, nanotechnology, environmental technologies, process systems engineering,
separation technology and reaction engineering.
This year, over 300 participants have registered to attend this conference where more than 200
papers will be presented and published in a selected SCOPUS indexed journal. I believe this is
one of the most successful conferences in ESTCON and we earnestly hope that exchanges of
ideas in this conference will contribute significantly to build new contacts, new collaborations
and new friendship between academia and industry.
On behalf of the organizing committee, I would like to thank all companies that support and
contribute in the forms of advertisement, speakers, exhibition and sponsorship. Last but not
least, my sincere appreciation to all the participants, reviewers and the organizing committee
for their contributions and support in making this conference a great success.
To all participants, I wish you a successful participation in this conference and very pleasant stay
in our beautiful country, Malaysia.
2 | page
Conference Organising Committee
Chairman
AP. Dr. Mohamad Azmi Bustam
Co- Chairman
Dr. Nooryusmiza Yusoff
Treasurer
Ir. Dr. Abdul Halim Shah B Maulud (L)
Dr. Asna Bt Mohd Zain
Secretary
Dr. Oh Pei Ching (L)
Dr. Lemma Dendena Tufa
Technical
Dr. Bawadi B Abdullah (L)
Dr. Ghulam Murshid (EDAS)
Nasser B M Ramli
Chairman of Session and Reviewers
• Environmental Engineering
– Prof. Dr. Thanabalan Murugesan
• Advanced Material & Reaction
Engineering
– Prof. Dr. Yoshimitsu Uemura
• Process Systems Engineering
– Prof. Dr. Saibal Ganguly
• Separation Process &Thermodynamics
–Prof. Dr. Khairun Azizi
• Others
– Prof. Dr. Duvvuri Subbarao
Publication & Technical Review
Proceeding
Dr. Sujan Chowdhury (L)
Dr. Periyasamy Balasubramanian
AP. Dr. Mohd Azmuddin B Abdullah
Journal 1
Dr. Iqbal Ahmed (L)
Dr. Anis Suhaila Shuib
Journal 2
Dr. Muhammad Moniruzzaman
AP. Dr. ShuhaimiMahadzir
Journal 3
Dr. Rajashekhar Pendyala
Journal 4
AP. Dr. M Ramasamy
AP. Dr. Zakaria Man
Chairman of Session and Reviewers
• Environmental Engineering
– Prof. Dr. Thanabalan Murugesan
• Advanced Material & Reaction
Engineering
– Prof. Dr. YoshimitsuUemura
• Process Systems Engineering
– Prof. Dr. Saibal Ganguly
• Separation Process & Thermodynamics
– Prof. Dr. Khairun Azizi
• Others
– Prof. Dr. Duvvuri Subbarao
Sponsorship
AP. Dr. Suzana Bt Yusup (L)
Prof. Dr. Azmi B Mohd Shariff
AP. Dr. Mohamed Ibrahim B Abdul Mutalib
AP. Ir. Abdul Aziz Omar
Logistic
Dr. Lukman B Ismail (L)
Azry B Borhan
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|3
Event Management
Azizul B Buang (L)
Dr. Lau Kok Keong
IT & Media
Dr. Yeong Yin Fong (L)
Dr. Nurlidia Mansor
Promotion & Publicity
Zamri B Abdullah (L)
Dr. Risza Rusli
Food & Beverage
Dr. Suriati Sufian (L)
AP. Dr. Ku Zilati Ku Shaari
Secretariat
Dr. Nurhayati Bt Mellon (L)
Dr. Usama Mohamed Nour El Demerdash
Dr. Haslinda Bt Zabiri
Habibah Abdul Rahim
Munizuraida Mat Yusof
4 | page
REVIEWERS
Abdul Aziz Omar
Abdul Latif Ahmad
Abdul Rahman Mohamed
Abdulhalim Shah Maulud
Abrar Faisal
Abrar Inayat
Ali Elkhalifah
Amir Shafeeq
Anis Suhaila Shuib
Anita Ramli
Asna Mohd Zain
Ayyaz Muhammad
Azizul Buang
Azmi Mohd Shariff
Azry Borhan
Balasubramanian Periyasamy
Bawadi Abdullah
Biruh Gebretsadik
Cecilia Wilfred
Chandra Mohan Sinnathambi
Chin Sim Yee
Chong Fai Kait
Chris Hardacre
Dai-Viet Vo
David Rooney
Dr. Ghazi Faisal Najmuldeen
Dr. Md. Maksudur Rahman Khan
Duvvuri Subbarao
Dzulkarnain Zaini
Ghulam Murshid
Hanida Abdul Aziz
Haslinda Zabiri
Hilmi Mukhtar
Iftikhar Karimi
Iqbal Ahmed
Isa Tan
Jobrun Nandong
Kanubhai Parmar
Katsuki Kusakabe
Khairun Azizi Azizli
KuZilati KuShaari
Lau Kok Keong
Lee Keat Teong
Lemma Tufa
Lincoln Brandao
Low Siew Chun
Lukman Ismail
Mahadzir Shuhaimi
Mahmood Saleem
Marappa Gounder Ramasamy
Mashitah Mat Don
Maziyar Sabet
Mazrul Nizam Abu Seman
Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil
Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
Mohammad Tazli Azizan
Mohd Azlan Hussain
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Mohd Zamri Abdullah
Moin Ghauri
Muhammad Ayoub
Muhammad Ishaque Abro
Muhammad Moniruzzaman
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Muhammad Mushtaq
Munizuraida Mat Yusof
Nadia Riaz
Nasser Mohamed Ramli
Noor Diana Abdul Majid
Nooryusmiza Yusoff
Norhafizah Abdullah
Nurhayati Mellon
Nurlidia Mansor
Oh Pei Ching
Qiu Han Seer
Rabbani Javed Khan
Rajashekhar Pendyala
Ridzuan Zakaria
Risza Rusli
Saibal Ganguly
Sami Ullah
Samira Mohammadi
Sekhar Bhattacharjee
Senthil Arumugasamy
Sharif Hussein Sharif Zein
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Sharifah Bee Abdul Hamid
Shaukat Shahid
Siang Piao Chai
Sintayehu Mekuria Hailegiorgis
Siti Aslina Hussain
Sujan Chowdhury
Suriati Sufian
Suzana Yusup
Tan Lian See
Taslima Khanam
Thanabalan Murugesan
Thomas Choong
Tushar Tushar.sen
Umer Rashid
Usama Eldemerdash
Yeong Yin Fong
Yoshimitsu Uemura
Zainal Ahmad
Zakaria Man
Zakir Khan
Zurnia Zainal Abidin
PLENARY SPEAKER
DR. TONY VYSNIAUSKAS
Chief Executive Officer
Virtual Materials Group Inc.
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Past, Present and Future of Process Simulation Tools
BIOGRAPHY
Tony Vysniauskas received his BESc (1974) and MESc (1976) in Chemical Engineering from
the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario, Canada and his Ph.D. degree in
Chemical Engineering in 1980 from the University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. His PhD
research topic was on the Kinetics of Methane Hydrate Formation. After he completed
his Ph.D., he co-founded Hyprotech Ltd., and guided it to become a leading international
process simulation company for the oil and gas industry. As CEO and President of Hyprotech
the concept of interactive simulation on PCs and the degrees of freedom concept in
flowsheets to help propagate information intelligently across the entire flowsheet
was introduced. Hysim was Hyprotech’s first release on the PC in 1982 and Hysys was
introduced in 1994, gradually replacing Hysim and became the leading software simulation
program of the 90s. Hyprotech received a number of awards for its technical innovation
and contribution from the engineering community. In 1996, Dr. Vysniauskas negotiated the
merger of Hyprotech with the Atomic Energy Association (AEA) of the UK, whereafter it
was subsequently acquired by Aspentech. After a brief stint in retirement, Dr. Vysniauskas
joined Virtual Materials Group, Inc. (VMG) where he has again taken up the challenge as
VMG’s Chief Executive Officer to develop innovative process simulation tools for the global
processing industry.
ABSTRACT
The evolution of process simulation software for the oil and gas industry has to a large
extent tracked new developments in computer hardware and operating systems. A brief
history of this hardware evolution is presented and points out the effect of the growth
of computing power on desktop simulation technology. We as chemical engineers have
benefited greatly from this continued hardware evolution. The personal computer has
become our full functional slide rule of the past. Concurrent with this hardware evolution,
there has been a proliferation of operating systems and application software. The currently
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available process simulators make process modeling and design a more rewarding
experience by enabling the engineers to exercise their creativity rather than being
burdened by limitations of the software. User-friendly GUIs and built-in intelligence allow
engineers to converge to answer more quickly, with very little ramp up required to learn
how to use the software. The software is designed to allow the personal computer and
the engineer to do what each does best, namely the personal computer performing the
systematic number crunching and the engineer the intuitive aspect of process simulation
and design. Having accomplished the usage and operability of process simulators, new
developments will likely be in inter-operability, platform independence and more detailed
design considerations to take advantage of the new hardware. The paper will conclude
with a look at a few examples on how increased functionality can increase the analytical
power of the engineer, his productivity and ultimately better assessment of the processing
challenges and solutions expected from the chemical engineering practice.
8 | page
PLENARY SPEAKER
DR. JIRI KLEMES
Professor
University of Pannonia, Hungary
Advanced Process Integration Recent Developments:
Learning the Lessons from Industrial Implementations
BIOGRAPHY
Professor Dr Jiri Klemes is the Head of Laboratory for Process Integration and Intensification
CPI2. For 20 years, Prof Jiri has been leading research and managerial post as a Senior Project
Officer, Honorary Reader and Senior Lecturer at the Department of Process Integration at
UMIST and after the merge at The University of Manchester, UK. He has comprehensive
industrial experience in process integration, sustainable technologies and renewable
energy. He has been involved in successfully managing 81 major EC, NATO and UK KnowHow projects with an overall research funding attracted over 10 M€. Prof Jiri is the editorin-Chief of Chemical Engineering Transactions, Subject Editor of ENERGY and the Journal of
Cleaner Production, Regional Editor for Europe for Applied Thermal Engineering. He is also
the Editor of Cleaner Technologies and Environmental Policies; Resources, Conservation
and Recycling; Theoretical Foundation of Chemical Engineering and other journals. He is
an acting chair of CAPE WP (Computer Aided Process Engineering) of European Federation
of Chemical Engineering. He authored nearly 200 archive papers. Among his books are
“Sustainability in the Process Industry: Integration and Optimization.
ABSTRACT
Heat Integration (HI) has been developing in mutual cross-fertilisation with the industrial
implementations over the last forty years. From the beginning, HI offered some guidance
based on thermodynamic principles and their understanding. However, a number of
aspects still need deeper consideration and solved problems have to be considered in
more complexity to include the real-life issues. This presentation summarises the results
of the three efficiently collaborating research groups: Centre for Process Integration
and Intensification - CPI2 at University of Pannonia, Hungary, Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Slovenia and Process Systems Engineering
Centre (PROSPECT) at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. This team exploits the experiences
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gathered from the industrial projects as well as from the most recent academic research.
The aim of this presentation is to provide some tested and proven guidance for future
industrial applications as well as a solid support for getting the results with acceptable and
realistic payback periods.
10 | page
PLENARY SPEAKER
DR. TATSUYA OKUBO
Professor
University of Tokyo
Simple Synthesis and Production of Zeolites:
Key Materials for Global Sustainability
BIOGRAPHY
Professor Okubo has been a Professor of chemical system engineering at the University of
Tokyo since 2006 and was appointed to a vice dean of enginnering in April 2014. He received
numerous awards such as Young Investigator Award and Research Acievement Award of
the Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan. His current research areas in nanotechnology for
energy and eneveronment
ABSTRACT
Zeolites play many important roles in energy- and environment-related fields as catalysts,
adsorbents, ion-exchangers and so on. The synthesis of zeolites has been brushed up to
broaden the framework types, and driven the applications. In order to proceed further,
the conventional ideas of the synthesis need to be reconsidered. In this plenary talk, two
examples realized by seed-assisted approaches will be introduced. One is the synthesis
of zeolites without the use of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs). It has been
believed that OSDAs must be employed for the synthesis of some of the zeolites. With
the help of the seed crystals, OSDA- free syntheses of more than ten zeolites have been
achieved, which will result in the simple production of advanced zeolites. The other is
the minute-order synthesis of zeolites. Zeolites have been synthesized by hydrothermal
reaction over several hours or even several days to weeks. By combining fast heating with
seed addition, the synthesis can be achieved within several to several tens of minutes, and
in turn, continuous production of zeolites can be realized. These examples show that there
still remain several feasible routes for the rational synthesis and production of zeolites.
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NOTES TO DELEGATES
REGISTRATION AND
GENERAL INFORMATION
The conference registration and information
desk is located near the conference main
room (CH1). The desk will operate according
to the following schedule :
Tuesday (3rd June 2014):
8.00 am - 5.00 pm
Wednesday (4th June 2014):
8.00 am - 9.00 am
There will be committee members assisting
delegates with general information. They
will be wearing ICPEAM2014 identification
tags.
Your ICPEAM 2014 registration includes
the cost of:
• Lunches
• Morning , afternoon teas and
Congress Dinner
• ICPEAM 2014 Programme Book
INSTRUCTIONS FOR PRESENTERS
ORAL PRESENTERS:
• Time allocated for each presenter is 20
minutes, including Q&A.
• Each presenter is required to pre
pare and submit Microsoft Power Point
Presentation to Secretariat latest on
the conference registration day.
• Save the Power Point presentation
using the given session name and
paper ID as the file name, e.g. if your
session name is MO_02_PSE_01 then
file name should be MO_02_PSE_01.ppt.
12 | page
• Maximum number of slides allowed
is 15.
• The presenter should be at the assigned
room 15 minutes before the session
starts.
• Note Book PC will be provided during
the presentation sessions.
Poster Exhibition:
• All exhibitors are responsible to print
their own poster material(s) at their
own costs.
• Poster materials must be printed on a
single A1 sized paper.
• Poster exhibitors are responsible for
setting up and dismantling their poster
material at the time allocated.
• Poster exhibitors are requested to be
on standby at their respective poster
sites during Poster Q&A session.
PUNCTUALITY
To ensure that the conference proceeds
smoothly, the Organizing Committee
specially requests your cooperation to be
punctual. Announcements of any changes
to the Program will be announced in the
main conference room (CH1) before or
after plenary sessions.
LANGUAGE
The official language of ICPEAM2014 is
English. No simultaneous interpretation
services will be provided.
LUNCH/COFFEE/TEA REFRESHMENT
• Coffee/tea and lunch will be served at
the times indicated in the programme
book.
CONFERENCE IDENTIFICATION TAG
The Organising Committee requests
that you wear your identification tag at
all times during the conference. Your
conference identification tag will serve as
your admission to all conference paper
presentation sessions.
CONFERENCE DRESS CODE
Smart casual is recommended throughout
the conference.
MESSAGE BOARD
A conference message board will be located
near the main conference room (CH1).
SMOKING POLICY
The Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre is
deemed as a Non-Smoking venue.
LOCAL TIME
The local Kuala Lumpur time is +8 GMT.
INTERNATIONAL PHONE CALLS
The country code for Malaysia is +60.
To make a call within Kuala Lumpur or
Selangor, a code ‘3’ must be pressed after
the country code followed by the local
telephone number. To make a call to other
states/cities outside of Kuala Lumpur and
Selangor, the correct Malaysian State code
must be entered in place of the ‘3’.
ELECTRICITY
Malaysian electrical power is 240 volts, 50
Hz. The connection for appliances is a 3-pin
plug.
INSURANCE AND LIABILITY
The conference organizers do not accept
responsibility for any individual, medical,
travel or personal insurance policies as
necessary.
PERSONAL PROPERTY
The Organizing Committee suggests that
you take usual precautions with your
personal belongings. Do not leave them
unattended. The organizers and the
venue’s staff will not take any responsibility
for any loss or damage of your personal
properties.
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Conference Programme
Day 1 • Tuesday (3rd June 2014)
Time
Event
09001000
ESTCON Opening Ceremony
MORNING BREAK
10301200
ESTCON Keynote I
LUNCH BREAK
14001600
Technical Session Tracks: MO2PSE01, MO2ENV01, MO2RXN01, MO2AMD01
EVENING BREAK
15301630
16201820
Parallel Poster Session: MP01
Technical Session Tracks: MO3PSE02, MO3ENV02, MO3Misc, MO3AMD02
End of Day 1
Day 2 • Wednesday (4th June 2014)
Time
Event
08301030
MORNING BREAK
10551255
LUNCH BREAK
Venue: Conference Hall 3
Chairman: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd
Azmi B Bustam @ Khalil
14001500
Plenary Lecture 1:
Professor Tatsuya Okubo
15001600
Technical Session Tracks: MO6RXN04
EVENING BREAK
14 | page
Conference Programme
16201820
Technical Session Tracks: MO7AMD05
END OF DAY 2
Day 3 • Thursday (5th June 2014)
Time
09001040
08301030
Event
Plenary Lecture 1:
Professor Tony Vysniauskas
Virtual Material Group, Canada
Plenary Lecture 2:
Professor Dr. Jiri Klemes
University of Pannonia, Hungary
Venue: Conference Hall 3
Chairman: Dr. Noor Yusmiza B Yusoff
Co-Chairman: Shahrul Azman B
Zainal Abidin
Parallel Technical Session Tracks:
MO8AMD06, MO8AMD07, MO8AMD08, MO8RXN05, MO8AMD09
MORNING BREAK
11001300
Technical Session Tracks:
PSOS01, MO9PSE05, MO9ENV05, MO9RXN06, MO9AMD10
LUNCH BREAK
14001600
16151730
Technical Session Tracks:
PSOS02, MO10AMD11, MO10AMD12, MO10Misc, MO10AMD13
EVENING BREAK
Closing Ceremony
END OF CONGRESS
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Technical Sessions
Day 1 • Tuesday (3rd June 2014)
Venue : 307
Track 1. MO_02_PSE: 01 Process System Engineering
Time : 13:55 - 16:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_02_PSE_01
Compliance Audit Model for Managing Process Safety in Process
Industries
Noor Diana Abdul Majid; Azmi Mohd Shariff; Edmund Soon Boon
Thiam Soon
MO_02_PSE_02
CO2 Rich Gas Mixture Hydrate-Liquid Water- Vapor (H-Lw-V)
Equilibrium Measurement and Prediction
Qazi Nasir; Khalik M. Sabil; Behzad Partoon; Kok Keong Lau
MO_02_PSE_03
Consequence Study of Pressurized CO2 Release Containing
Impurities with Obstacles
Hoang Huy Phuoc Loi Pham, Risza Rusli, Mohd Zamri Abdullah
MO_02_PSE_04
Three-Tier Inherent Safety Quantification (3-TISQ) for Toxic
Release at Preliminary Design Stage
Dzulkarnain Zaini; Azmi Mohd Shariff
MO_02_PSE_05
Molecular Simulation for Piperazinium Based ILs: Effects of Alkyl
Chain, Concentration and Anions on Henry’s Constants Omer
Babiker; Mahadzir Shuhaimi; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
MO_02_PSE_06
Sustainable Integrated Process Design and Control for a
Distillation Column System
Mohamad Zulkhairi Nordin; Mohamad Dzulfadzli Jais; Mohd
Kamaruddin Abd Hamid
16 | page
Venue : 308
Track 2. MO_02_ ENV: 01 Environmental Engineering
Time : 13:55 - 16:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_02_ENV_01
Biosorption of Heavy Metal Ions, Oil and Grease from Industrial
Waste Water by Banana Peel
Azry Borhan; Phoon Kok Hoong; Mohd Faisal Taha
MO_02_ENV_02
Photodegradation of Aqueous Diisopropanolamine Using Cu/
TiO2: Effect of Calcination Temperature and Duration
Raihan Mahirah Ramli; Chong Fai Kait; Abdul Aziz Omar.
MO_02_ENV_03
Comparison of the Yield and Properties of Bio-Oil Produced by
Slow and Fast Pyrolysis of Rice Husks and Coconut Shells
Mandy Su ZanGui; Seyed Amirmostafa Jourabchi; Hoon Kiat Ng;
Suyin Gan
MO_02_ENV_04
Use of Waste Coconut Oil Obtained from Waste Water Pond of
Coconut Milk Plant to Produce Biodiesel
Pinuma Kaewruksa; Vittaya Punsuvon
MO_02_ENV_05
Delignification of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) using Low Transition
Temperature Mixtures (LTTMs): A Review
Yiin Chung Loong; Suzana Yusup; Yoshimitsu Uemura
MO_02_ENV_06
Antioxidant activity and HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Compound
from Nephelium Lappaceum Leaves
Saima Khan; Asna M Zain; M Azmuddin B Abdullah; T. Murugesan
Venue : 309
Track 3. MO_02_RXN: 01 Reaction Engineering
Time : 13:55 - 16:05
Session Code
Paper ID
MO_02_RXN_36
Paper Title
Authors
Raman Spectroscopic Study for the Determination of
Monoethanolamine Concentration
Wong Mee Kee; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Azmi Mohd
Shariff
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MO_02_RXN_37
Degradation Kinetic of Oxytetracycline Antibiotic Inside UV
Reactor in the Presence of H2O2
Anisa Ur Rahmah; Sabtanti Harimurti; Abdul Aziz Omar;
Thanabalan Murugesan
MO_02_RXN_38
Linear and Non-Linear Regression Analysis of Boron Adsorption
Kinetics on New Radiation Grafted Fibrous Adsorbent
TM Ting; M. M. Nasef; Kamaruddin Hashim
MO_02_RXN_39
Comparative Study of Linear Co-Volume Based Mixing Rules for
Equation of State/ Excess Gibbs Energy (EOS/GE) Models for CO2 MEA and CO2 - MDEA Systems
Humbul Suleman; Abdulhalim Shah Maulud; Zakaria Man
MO_02_RXN_40
Effect of Ball Milling on the Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose to
Levulinic Acid
Amir Sada Khan; Zakaria Man; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil;
Fai Kait Chong; Abdulhalim Shah Maulud
MO_02_RXN_41
Fast Pyrolysis of Oil Palm Kernel Shell in a Fluidized Bed Reactor:
The Effect of Biomass Size on the Yields of Pyrolysis Product
Yoshimitsu Uemura; Norizan Ali; Hafizah Ahmad Afif;
Noridah Osman; Bawadi Abdullah; Toshio Tsutsui
Venue : 310
Track 4. MO_02_AMD: 01 Advanced Materials Development
Time : 13:55 - 16:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Study on Mechanical Properties of Zirconia-Alumina Based
MO_02_AMD_01 Ceramics
Kalaimani Markandan
Optimization of Temperature Rise during CO2 Absorption Process
MO_02_AMD_02 Using Response Surface Methodology
Tan Lian See; Kok Keong Lau; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Polyethersulfone (PES) Membranes for CO2/CH4 Separation:
MO_02_AMD_03 Effect of Polymer Blending
Hafiz Abdul Mannan; Hilmi Mukhtar; Thanabalan Murugesan
Impact of Gas Phase Composition on Gas Hydrate Process for
MO_02_AMD_04 Carbon Dioxide Capturing From Gaseous Mixtures
Behzad Partoon; Khalik M. Sabil; Kok Keong Lau
18 | page
Catalytic Conversion of Oil Palm Fronds to Levulinic Acid in Ionic
MO_02_AMD_05 Liquid
Nur Aainaa Syahirah Ramli; NorAishah Saidina Amin
Effect of Molar Ratios on the Synthesis of Zeolite Imidazolate
MO_02_AMD_06 Framework 8 (ZIF-8) and Its CO2 Uptake Capability
Yin Fong Yeong; Li Sze Lai
Venue : 307
Track 1. MO_03 _PSE: 02 Process System Engineering
Time : 16:20 - 18:30
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_03_PSE_07
Sustainable Integrated Process Design and Control for a
Continuous-Stirred Tank Reactor System
Siti Zakaria
MO_03_PSE_08
Detection of Model Parameter Mismatch Using Simplified Partial
Correlation Analysis for Closed-loop System
Nur Hidayah Kamal Iqbal; Nooryusmiza Yusoff;
Lemma Dendena Tufa
MO_03_PSE_09
Application of Experimental Statistical Method in Optimizing
Preparation Variables for Cu Ni/TiO2
Robabeh Bashiri; Norani Muti Mohamed; Chong Fai Kait;
Suriati Sufian
MO_03_PSE_10
An Integrated Framework for Refinery Scheduling and
Operational Optimization
Khairiyah M. Siraja; Nooryusmiza Yusoff; Shuhaimi Mahadzir
MO_03_PSE_11
Dynamics of Wall Heated Packed Bed Reactors
Duvvuri Subbarao; Reem Hassan AbdEl Ghafoor Hassan;
M. Ramasamy
MO_03_PSE_12
Relationships Between Microstructure And Mechanical Properties
Of Polycristalline Alumina
L. Haddour; M. Keddam; N. Mesrati
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Venue : 308
Track 2. MO_03_ENV: 02 Environmental Engineering
Time : 16:20 - 18:30
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_03_ENV_07
Ceiba Pentandra (L.) Gaertn for the Removal of Residual Oil From
Oily-Water Emulsion
Mohd Azmuddin Abdulla:, Muhammad Afzaal; Balasubramanian
Periyasamy
MO_03_ENV_08
The Potential of Thiosulfinates in Garlic Extract as Urease
Bioinhibitor
Nur Kamila Ramli; Zahid Majeed; Anis Suhaila Shuib;
Nurlidia Mansor, Zakaria Man
MO_03_ENV_09
Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes for the Detection of Boldenone
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah; Rameeta Kaur; Aamir Khan; J
ohn Ojur Dennis
MO_03_ENV_10
Bismuth-modified Hydroxyapatite Carbon Electrode for Heavy
Metal Detection in Biomatrices
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah; Huma Ajab; Aamir Khan;
John Ojur Dennis
MO_03_ENV_11
Phase Diagram of an Aqueous Salt-Polymer System Composed of
Poly Ethylene Glycol 4000 + Na3C6H5O7+H2O
Hengameh Hanaei; Thanabalan Murugesan
MO_03_ENV_12
Biomethane Production and Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment by
Co-cultivation of Nannochloropsis Oculata
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah; Ashfaq Ahmad; Syed Muhammad Shah;
Mohd Othman
Venue : 309
Track 03. MO_03_Miscellaneous
Time : 16:20 - 18:30
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_02_RXN_42
An Equation of State for the Liquid Phase
Duvvuri Subbarao; Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi; Sujan Chowdhury;
Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
20 | page
Separation of Benzene and Cyclohexane with Mixed Solvent Using
MO_03_AMD_55 Extractive Distillation
Bradley Richard; Mohamad Azmi Bustam; Girma Gonfa
Upgrading of Pyrolysis Bio-Oil to Fuel over Supported NanoMaterials: A Review
MO_03_AMD_56
Madiha Yasir; Sujan Chowdhury; Nurlidia Mansor; Norani Muti
Mohammad; Yoshimitsu Uemura
Effect of Modified MIL-53 with Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes and
Nano Fibers on CO2 Adsorption
MO_03_AMD_57
Sami Ullah, A.M.Shariff; M.A. Bustam; Ali.E.I.Elkhalifah; G. Murshid;
Nadia Riaz; Biruh Shimekit
MO_03_PSE_31
CFD Simulation of Droplet Formation Under Various Parameters
in Prilling Process
Aadil Muhammad; Rajashekhar Pendyala; Nejat Rahmanian
MO_3_ENV_31
Effect of Modification Techniques on Surface of Carbon Nanofiber
as Catalyst Support
Thien Duc Nguyen; Suriati Sufian
Venue : 310
Time : 16:20 - 18:30
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
An Evaluation of Fish Scales as Potential Adsorbents pH and
MO_03_AMD_07 Concentration Effect
Bawadi Abdullah; Dai-Viet N. Vo
Optimization of Naphthalene Extraction From Its Mixture with
Base Oil and Dibenzothiophene by BMIMDMP Ionic Liquid Using
MO_03_AMD_08 Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Ghassan Al Kaisy; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib; Mohamad
Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Radzuan Razali
Characterization of Calcium Methoxide From Quick Lime and Its
MO_03_AMD_09 Application in PongamiaPinnata Oil Biodiesel Production
Sasikarn Panpraneecharoen
page
| 21
Desulfurization of Fuels Using Ionic Liquids: Computational
Selection of Cations and Anions
MO_03_AMD_10
Muhammad Zulhaziman Mat Salleh; Cecilia Wilfred; Mohamed
Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
Preparation and Characterization of Hydrophobic Silica Zirconium
MO_03_AMD_11 Nanoparticles
Tayseir Abd Ellateif; Khairun Azizi Azizli; Thanabalan Murugesan
Decentralized Control Design for Ethanol Fermentation by
MO_03_AMD_12 ZymomonasMobilis - Multi-scale Control Approach
Qiu Han Seer; JobrunNandong; Curtin Zhuquan Zang
Day 2 • Wednesday (4th June 2012)
Venue : 307
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_04_PSE_13
Modelling of Carbon Dioxide in Abandon Wells Using
Computational Fluids Dynamic
Abdul Haziq; Abdul Rahman; Bawadi Abdullah; Dai-Viet N. Vo
MO_04_PSE_14
Evaluation of Electrical Capacitance Tomography Thresholding
Techniques for Void Fraction Measurement of Gas-liquid System
Irene Lock Sow Mei; Idris B Ismail; Bawadi B Abdullah; Areeba
Shafquet
MO_04_PSE_15
Modelling of CO2 Loading in DEA by Using peak Ratio of Raman
Spectroscopy
MZ Shahid; Abdul Halim Shah Maulud; M Azmi Bustam
MO_04_PSE_16
Economic Optimization of CO2 Capture Process Using MEA-MDEA
Mixtures
Ruth Yong; Abdul Halim Shah Maulud; Humbul Suleman
MO_04_PSE_17
Effect of Nanofillers on the Spreading Behavior of Biopolymer
Materials on Urea Surface
Yon Norasyikin Samsudin; Nurul Izzaty Zulkefely; Sohibatul Muizzah
Mohamad Izhar; KuZilati KuShaari
MO_04_PSE_18
Flow Dynamics Investigation of CO2/CH4 Gas Mixture Through
Porous Media Using Computational Approach
Ali Qasim; M. Zamri Abdullah; K.K Lau; Nor Adilla
22 | page
Venue : 308
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_04_ENV_13
Adsorptive Removal of Ni2+ From Aqueous Solution Onto Rice
Husk-Based Activated Carbon
Mohd Taha; Anis Suhaila Shuib; Maizatul Shima Shaharun; Azry
Borhan
MO_04_ENV_14
Extractive Desulphurization of Model Oil Using Sulphonium Based
Ionic Liquids
Lethesh Kallidanthiyil Chellappan; Nurul Hidayah Binti Hasnan;
Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
MO_04_ENV_15
Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on Sungai Buloh and
Silantek Coals for Potential Sequestration
Mustafa Abunowara; Usama M. Nour Eldemerdash; Mariyamni
Awang
MO_04_ENV_16
Continuous Heavy Metal Removal From Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Using Natural Ceiba Pentandra Packed-bed Column
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah; Muhammad Afzaal; Balasubramanian
Periyasamy
MO_04_ENV_17
Chitosan-Grafted Nanocellulose Derived From Empty Fruit Bunch
for Ethyl Orange Removal
Norzita Ngadi; Nurul Jannah Arsad
MO_04_ENV_18
Adhesion of Geopolymers to Steel as a Coating Material- Effect of
Na/Al and Si/Al Ratio on Adhesion Strength
Muhammad Irfan Khan; Khairun Azizi Azizli; Suriati Sufian;
Zakaria Man
page
| 23
Venue : 309
Track 03. MO_04_RXN: 02 Malaysia-Japan Symposium on Reaction Engineering:
Process and Materials
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_04_RXN_01
Reaction Engineering of Microchannel Catalytic Reactors for
Green Process
Tomohiko Tagawa
MO_04_RXN_02
Convective Deposition for Fabrication of Optical and Biofunctional
Nanocomposites
Prof. James Glichrist
MO_04_RXN_03
Conversion of Inedible Biomass Wastes as Alternative Petroleumrelated Chemicals Using Iron Oxide Catalysts
Takao Masuda; Teruoki Tago; Takuya Yoshikawa
MO_04_RXN_04
Development of Membrane Reformer System for Hydrogen
Production from Natural Gas
Hideto Kurokawa; Takaya Iseki; Hisataka Yakab
MO_04_RXN_05
Kinetic Analysis on Catalytic Co-Gasification of Rubber Seed Shell
and High Density Polyethylene Mixtures
Bridgid Chin; Suzana Yusup; Ahmed Al Shoaibi; Pravin Kannan;
Chandrasekar Srinivasakannan; Shaharin Anwar Sulaiman
MO_04_RXN_06
Application of Minute-Bubble Technique to Reactive
Crystallization of Hydroxyapatite
Yoshinari Wada; Hiroaki Takahari; Hiroaki Tamai; Masakazu
Matsumoto; Kaoru Onoe
MO_04_RXN_07
Influence of Orifice Shape on Reaction Rate by Hydrodynamic
Cavitation
Keiji Yasuda; Toa Kaji, Zheng Xu
24 | page
Venue : 310
Track 04. MO_04_AMD: 03 Advanced Materials and Development
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Study of CO2 Solubility in Aqueous Blend of Potassium Carbonate
Promoted with Glycine
MO_04_AMD_13
Mohammad Shuaib Shaikh; Azmi Mohd Shariff; Mohamad Azmi
Bustam @ Khalil; Ghulam Murshid
Sol Gel Synthesized Nanosilica as Photoanode Material for Dye
MO_04_AMD_14 Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) System
Stephanie Lau; Coswald Sipaut; Jedol Dayou; Rachel Mansa
The Effects of Glass Bubbles, Clay, Xanthan Gum and Starch
Concentrations on the Density of Lightweight Biopolymer Drilling
MO_04_AMD_15
Fluid
Lim Symm Nee; Badrul Mohamed Jan; Brahim Si Ali; Ishenny Noor
Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Activated Carbon
Composite Bead Form
MO_04_AMD_16
Maimoon Sattar; Fareeda Hayeeye; Watchanida Chinpa; Orawan
Sirichote
Starch Biodegradation in a Lignin Modified Slow Release
MO_04_AMD_17 Fertilizer: Effect of Thickness
Zahid Majeed; Nur Kamila Ramli; Nurlidia Mansor; Zakaria Man
Electron-Beam Irradiation of Halogen Free Flame Retardant
MO_04_AMD_18 Polymers for Wire and Cable Applications
Maziyar Sabet
Venue : 307
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
MO_05_PSE_19
Paper Title
Authors
Study of the Effect of Surface Roughness on Droplet Spreading
Behavior Using CFD Modeling
Md Syaifullah; Abdul Basit; KuZilati KuShaari; Kok Keong Lau
page
| 25
MO_05_PSE_20
An Investigation Into the Need of Process Safety Management
(PSM) in the Palm Oil Industry
Hamidah Kamarden; Kamarizan Kidam; Haslenda Hashim;
Onn Hassan
MO_05_PSE_21
Identification of Multi-Input Multi-Output Systems Using
Combined Direct and Indirect Methods
Abdelraheem Faisal; Marappa Gounder Ramasamy; Mahadzir
Shuhaimi; Mohamed A. Rahim
MO_05_PSE_22
Compliance of Hot Work Permit to Process Safety Management
(PSM) Regulation
Noor Diana Abdul Majid; Azmi Mohd Shariff; Nurul ‘Azzah Mohd
Zaki
MO_05_PSE_23
A Comparison Study between Integrated OBFARX-NN And OBFNN for Modeling of Nonlinear Systems in Extended Regions of
Operation
H Zabiri, M Ariffb; L D Tufac; M Ramasamyd
MO_05_PSE_24
Comparison of Image Processing Methods for the Detection of
Particle from Digital Hologram
Taslima Khanam; A M Mabrur Ahmed Rashedi; Sujan Chowdhury;
Anand K. Asundi
Venue : 308
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_05_ENV_19
Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Flocculant Kenaf Based
Siti Fatimah Mohamed Razak; Norzita Ngadi
MO_05_ENV_20
pH Dependence on Biosorption of Pb (II) by P. amaryllifolius Roxb
Mohd Zamri Abdullah; Suriati Sufian; Farah Hanim;Abdul Hamid
MO_05_ENV_21
Recent Advancements on Superabsorbent Polymers to Produce
Controlled Release Urea (Short Review)
Babar Azeem, KuZilati KuShaari, Zakaria Man, Duvvuri Subbarao
MO_05_ENV_22
Removal of Amines from Wastewater Using Membrane
Separation Processes
Ma Umaira Suhaddha Zainal Abidin, Hilmi Mukhtar, Maizatul
Shima Shaharun
26 | page
MO_05_ENV_23
Removal of Phosphate and Fluoride from Industrial Wastewater –
A Short Review
Muhammad Zulfiqar, Abdul Aziz Omar, Sujan Chowdhury
Development of Morphology Dependent Titania Nanomaterial for
Photodegradation of Dyes
MO_05_AMD_84
Nor Hazwani Amir Hamzah; Sujan Chowdhury; Suriati Sufian;
Abdul Aziz Omar; Abrar Inayat
Venue : 309
Track 03. MO_05_ RXN: 03 Malaysia-Japan Symposium on Reaction Engineering:
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_05_RXN_08
Experimental Study on Heat and Mass Transfer during Fast
Pyrolysis of Biomass Particle
T. Irii; S. Murata; K. Tanoue; T. Nishimura; Y. Uemura; M. Taniguchi;
K. Sasauchi
MO_05_RXN_09
Time-Series Analysis for Kinetic Interpretation of Catalytic
Cracking of 1-Octene with a Model Involving Dominant Reactions
Tsutomu Nakazato; Kiyoshiro Umeo; Takami Kaia; Toshio Tsusui
MO_05_RXN_10
Effects of the Heat Carrier’s Temperature and Particle Size on the
Pyrolysis of Imperata Cylindrica in a Transported Bed Reactor
Mohd Fadhzir Ahmad; Kamaroddin Tuan Amran Tuan; Abdullah
Ramli Mat; NorAishah Saidina Amin
MO_05_RXN_11
Hydrogen Production by Methane Dry Reforming on Supported
Nickel Catalysts – Enhanced Stability of the Reforming Process
Akiyuki Nakajima; Keita Taniya; Yuki, Kitano; Yuichi Ichihashi;
Satoru Nishiyama
MO_05_RXN_12
Spontaneous Ignition Behavior of Nitrocellulose–Sulfuric Acid
Mixtures
Katsumi Katoh; Eiko Higashi; Tei Saburi; Shunsuke Ito; Yuji Wada;
Shuhei Kawaguchi; Kosuke Kumagae; Mitsuru Arai
MO_05_RXN_13
Effect of Mixing Methods on the Precipitation of Basic Copper
Acetate
Ken-Ichiro Sotowa; Takahiro Togawa; Yuika Shimizu; Masashi
Kurashina; Toshihide Horikawa; Jesús Rafael Alcántara Avila
page
| 27
MO_05_RXN_14
Effect of Column Height on Mass Transfer Characteristics of Spray
Column
Yoshiya Shigenobu; Yukihiko Matsumura; Hiroyuki Kitahara
MO_05_RXN_15
Photocatalytic Degradation with WO3/TiO2 Composite Under UV
and Visible Light
Masato Ezaki; Wataru Michida; Katsuki Kusakabe
MO_05_RXN_16
Conversion of Biomass-Derived Oxygen-Containing Intermediates
into Chemical Raw Materials with Zeolite
Takashi Goshima; Keisuke Ikeda; Kenta Fukudome; Kei Mizuta; Shuji
Mitsuyoshi; Toshio Tsutsui
Venue : 310
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Preparation and Quantification of Radioactive Particles for
Tracking Hydrodynamic Behaviour in Multiphase Reactors
MO_05_AMD_19
Mohd Amirul Syafiq Mohd Yunos; Siti Aslina Hussain;
Hamdan Mohammed Yusof; Jaafar Abdullah
Parametric Influence on the Physical Characterizations of
Covalent Organic Framework-1
MO_05_AMD_20
Muhammad Falaq Muhammad Faisal; Ahmad Rafizan Mohamad
Daud; Kamariah Noor Ismail
Developments in Mercury Removal From Natural Gas- A Short
Review
MO_05_AMD_21
Tauqeer Abbas; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib;
Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil
MO_05_AMD_22
Zinc Removal From Wastewater Using Hydrogel Modified Biochar
Lamin Sanyang; W. A. Wan Ab Karim Ghani; Azni; Mansor Ahmad
Recent Advances of Using Ionic Liquid in Lignocellulosic Biomass
Degradation
MO_05_AMD_23
Revie Financie; Muhammad Moniruzzaman; Yoshimitsu Uemura;
Noridah Osman
CFD Modeling of a Thin Liquid Film Flow Over Horizontal Spinning
MO_08_AMD_24 Disk
Syamsul Rizal Abd Shukor; Abdul Latif Ahmad; Mohd Fadhil Majnis
28 | page
Venue : Conference Hall (CH) 3
MO_06 _RXN: 04 Malaysia-Japan Symposium on Reaction Engineering:
Time : 13:55 - 16:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_06_RXN_17
Plenary Lecture -1 Simple Synthesis and Production of Zeolites:
Key Materials for Global Sustainability
Prof. Tatsuya Okubo
MO_06_RXN_18
Biodiesel Production from the High Free Fatty Acid Hevea
Brasiliensis and Fuel Properties Characterization
Junaid Faridi; Suzana Yusup; Awais Bokhari; Ruzaimah Nik Mohd
Kamil
MO_06_RXN_19
Biomass Productivity and Lipid Content of Scenedesmus
Quadricauda in Flat Plate Photobioreactor
Nguyen T; Lukman Ismail; Yoshimitsu Uemura
MO_06_RXN_20
A Review of Bio-Oil Upgrading by Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation
Nga Tran; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Sujan Chowdhury; Anita Ramli
MO_06_RXN_21
Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical
Properties of Ti-Nb-Sn-HA Composites Produced by Powder
Metallurgy
Wan Nurul Syaza Wan Nawai; Norhanida Awang; Razif; Zainal
Ariffin Ahmad; Saidatulakmar Shamsuddin
MO_07_AMD: 05_ Advanced Materials Development
Time : 16:20 - 18:30
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Phase Behavior and Ternary Diagram Construction for Membrane
MO_07_AMD_58 Forming Polycarbonate Solutions
Alamin Idris; Zakaria B Man; Abdul Halim Shah Maulud; Sina Gilassi
Effect of Ultrasonic Pre-treatment Durations on the formation of
MO_07_AMD_59 Zeolite-T
Izzati Binti Mohamad Abdul Wahab; Yin Fong Yeong
MO_07_AMD_60
Synthesis and Characterization of ZIF-8 Mixed Matrix Membranes
Chen Chuang Lok; Yin Fong Yeong
page
| 29
MO_07_AMD_61
A Review on Glassy Polymeric Membranes for Gas Separation
Marjan Farnam; Hilmi Mukhtar; Azmi Mohd Shariff
MO_07_AMD_62
Hydration Behavior Study of Imidazolium Based ILs in Water
Bhajan Lal
Solubility of CO2 in Piperazine (PZ) Activated Aqueous Solutions
of 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) at Elevated Pressures
MO_07_AMD_63
Ghulam Murshid; Azmi Mohd. Shariff; Mohammad Azmi Bustam;
Sami Ullah
Day 3 • Thursday (5th June 2012)
Process Simulation and Optimization Symposium (PSOS)
Time : 08:30 - 16:20
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
PSOS_01
Tony Vysniauskal, Ph.D., P. Eng., Virtual Materials Group, Canada
PSOS_02
Advanced Process Integration Recent developments: Learning
from Industrial Implementations
Prof. Dr. Jiri Klemes, University of Pannonia, Hungary
PSOS_03)
PMO Pipeline Monitoring Tool for Condition Based Pigging
Optimization
M Fadli B Alias, PETRONAS Carigali (PSCB
PSOS_04
Development of Process Safety Management System (PSMS):
Mechanical Integrity (MI)
Prof. Azmi Mohd Shariff, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
PSOS_05
Floating LNG Operability Studies through Dynamic Simulation
Hasnor Hassaruddin B Hashim, PETRONAS Group Technical
Solutions
PSOS_06
Isolation of Interacting Channels in Decentralized Control Systems
Using Instrumental Variables Method Mohamed
Assoc. Prof. Marappa Gounder Ramasamy, Universiti Teknologi
PETRONAS
PSOS_07
PETRONAS Predictive Emission Monitoring System (PEMS) Boiler
Azleen Azna Bt M Khairil Hing PETRONAS Group Technical Solutions
30 | page
PSOS_08
Methodology Development of a Flexible and Operable Energy
Integrated Distillation Columns
Dr. Mohd Kamarudin Abd Hamid, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
PSOS_09
Dynamic Studies of Refinery Sludge Gasification in Updraft
Reactor
Assoc. Prof. Usama M. Nour Eldemerdash, Universiti Teknologi
PETRONAS
PSOS_10
Field Process Simulation and Topside Facilities Separator Pressure
Optimization Study
Ahmad Fitri A’zali
PSOS_11
Hybrid Model for Biopolymerization Process (ε-Caprolactone to
Polycaprolactone)
Assoc. Prof. Zainal Ahmad, Universiti Sains Malaysia
PSOS_12
Mathematical Modelling of the Radial Crossflow Hollow Fiber
Membrane Module for Multi-Component Gas Separation
Assoc. Prof. Dr Lau Kok Keong, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
PSOS_13
MLNG Fuel Gas System (Post MARLIN Project) Dynamic
Simulation Study
M Sopiee B Saaibon; Noradnin Hafeeza Hj Nawawi, Malaysia
Liquefied Natural Gas.
PSOS_14
Optimization of Condensate Fractionation Unit Using Response
Surface Methodology
Dr. Nooryusmiza Yusoff, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
MO_08_AMD: 06_Advanced Materials Development
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
The Effect of Surface Area, Pore Volume, and Pore Size
MO_08_AMD_25 Distribution on the Modified Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Syuhaidah Rahmam; Norani Muti Mohamed; Suriati Sufian
Polymer-Nanoclay Mixed Matrix Membranes for CO2/CH4
MO_08_AMD_26 Separation: A Review
Muhammad Asif Jamil; Oh Pei Ching; Azmi Mohd Shariff
page
| 31
Effects of Montmorillonite (MMT) Inorganic Fillers on
MO_08_AMD_27 Polyvinylidene (PVDF) Mixed Matrix Membrane
Oh Pei Ching; Mason Wong Bak Lung
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Based on Polyethylene Glycol/4,
4-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Copolymer Quasi Solid State
MO_08_AMD_28
Electrolyte
Liow Kai Sing
Starch Based Soil Conditioner and Slow Release System
MO_08_AMD_29 Ariyanti Sarwono; Zakaria Man; MohamadAzmiBustam @ Khalil;
Study of 1-(2-Hydroxyethyle) 3-methylimidazolium Halide as
Thermodynamic Inhibitors
MO_08_AMD_30
Omar Nashed; Kalik M. Sabil; Bhajan Lal; Lukman Ismail;
Azuraien Jaafar
Venue : 307
Track 01 MO_08_AMD: 07_ Advanced Materials Development
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Modifying the Refractive Index of Epoxy Resins Using Reactive
Diluents to Enable Optical Self-Sensing in E-Glass Fibre
MO_08_AMD_31
Composites
Abdul Rauf; R.J. Hand; S.A. Hayes
The Effect of KOH Concentration on Setting Time and Compressive
Strength of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer
MO_08_AMD_32
Tia Rahmiati; Khairun Azizi Azizli; Zakaria Man; Lukman Ismail;
Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin
Microstructure Characterization for P92 Steels Subjected to Short
Term Overheating Above Critical Transformation Temperatures
MO_08_AMD_33
Ng Guat Peng; Badrol Ahmad; Mohd Razali Muhamad;
Mohd Ahadlin Bin Mohd Daud
Effect of Solid to Liquid Ratio on the Mechanical and Physical
Properties of Fly Ash Geopolymer Without Sodium Silicate
MO_08_AMD_34
Rosniza H Abdul Rahim; Khairun Azizi Azizli; Zakaria Man,
Tia Rahmiati; Lukman Ismail
32 | page
Water Based Paint with Java Citronella Oil as Mosquito Repellent
Agent
MO_08_AMD_35
Mastura Abd Manaf; Junaidah Jai; Ana Najwa Mustapa; Rafeqah
Raslan; Istikamah Subuki
Enhance the Colloidal Stability of Magnetite Nanoparticles Using
Poly (sodium 4-styrene Sulfonate) Stabilizers
MO_08_AMD_36
Qi Hwa Ng; Siew-Chun Low; Jit Kang Lim; Boon Seng Ooi;
Abdul Latif Ahmad
Venue : 308
Track 01 MO_08_AMD: 08_ Advance Materials Development
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Effect of Superficial Gas Velocity on the Separation Efficiency of
MO_08_AMD_64 Inline Horizontal Swirl Tube Separator
Nurhayati Mellon; Azmi M. Shariff
Ionic Liquid – Assisted Synthesis and Characterization of Cerium
Oxide Nanocubes for Degradation of Methylene Blue
MO_08_AMD_65 Mohd Aliff Irham Md Azhar; Sujan Chowdhury; Pradip Chandra
Mandal; Muhd Fahmi Daman; Sekhar Bhattacharjee; Taslima
Khanam
Novel Approach and Setup for Multi-Phase Mixtures Separation
MO_08_AMD_66 and Analysis at Offshore Conditions
Firas A. A. K.; Azmi Mohd. Shariff; Lau Kok Keong; Nurhayati Mellon
Effect of Alkali on Static Adsorption of Synthesized Anionic
MO_08_AMD_67 Surfactant for EOR Applications
Muhammad Mushtaq; Isa M Tan; Muhammad Sagir
Effect of NaOH and Water Contents on Solidification of Sodium
MO_08_AMD_68 Silicate Free Geopolymer
Ahmer Ali Siyal; Lukman Ismail; Zakaria Man; Khairun Azizi Azizli
Synthesis and Dehumidification Performance of Calcium Chloride
MO_08_AMD_69 Derived from the Waste Shells of Anadara granosa
Mohd Zamri Abdullah; Nur Ainda Mohd Bukharib; Suzana Yusup
page
| 33
Venue : 309
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_08_RXN_22
Introduction to P-graph and Its Applications
Invited Speaker: Prof. Ference Friedler
MO_08_RXN_23
Measuring Kinetics for Solid-Liquid-Gas Systems: Gas Hydrates
Invited Speaker : Khalik Mohamad Sabil
MO_08_RXN_24
Heat Transfer with Chemical Reaction in Wall Heated Packed Bed
Reactor Duvvuri Subbarao; Reem Hassan; M. Ramasamy
MO_08_RXN_25
Catalytic Cracking of Model Bio-oil: Kinetic Studies Farrukh Jamil,
Bawadi Abdullah; Murni Ahmad, AbrarInayat; SuzanaYusup
MO_08_RXN_26
Effect of Mn and Pb Promoters on the Performance of Cu/ZnOCatalyst in CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol
Sara Tasfy; Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi; Maizatul Shima Shaharun;
Duvvuri Subbarao
MO_08_RXN_27
Microwave Energy Pretreated In-situ Transesterification of
Jatropha Curcas L in the Presence of Phase Transfer Catalyst
Sintayehu Mekuria Hailegiorgis; Shuhaimi Hahadzir; Duvvuri
Subbarao
MO_08_RXN_28
Pyrolyzed Waste Engine Oil Properties by Microwave-Induced
Reactor Noridah Osman; Hafizah Ahmad Afif; Yoshimitsu Uemura;
Ahmad Aljuboori
MO_08_RXN_29
Ethanol Steam Reforming Over Calcium Doped Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst
M. T. Azizan; K. Hellgardt; D. Chadwick
Venue : 310
Track 01 MO_08_AMD: 09_Advanced Materials Development
Time : 08:30 - 10:40
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Ba-SAPO-34 Zeolite Membrane for CO2/N2 Separation Process
MO_08_AMD_37 Optimization
Thiam Leng Chew; Abdul Latif Ahmad
34 | page
Mechanical Pre-treatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Prior to
Biofuel Production
MO_08_AMD_38
Siti Norsyarahah Che Kamarludin; Amizon Azizan;
Nor Sharliza Mohd Safaai; Ahmad Rafizan Mohamad Daud
Removal of Lactose From Highly Goat’s Milk Concentration
MO_08_AMD_39 Through Ultrafiltration Membrane
Nur Sofuwani Zainul Abidin; Siti Aslina Hussain
Laccase Incorporated Into PEG-PLA Polymer as Active and Stable
MO_08_AMD_40 Biocatalyst for Ionic Liquids Media
Muhammad Moniruzzaman
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae From Baker’s Yeast for Lower Oil
Viscosity and Beneficial Metabolite to Improve Oil Recovery An
MO_08_AMD_41 Overview
Mohd Zulkifli; Nur Hashimah Alias; Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf;
Effah Yahya; Nurul Aimi Ghazali; Tengku Amran Tengku Mohd
Characterization Study of A Highly Specific Affinity Membrane for
Trypsin Purification
MO_08_AMD_42
Sofiah Hamzah; Nora’aini Ali Ali; Marinah Mohd Ariffin;
Abdul Wahab Mohammad
Venue : 307
MO_09_PSE: 05 Process Systems Engineering
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_09_PSE_25
Power Pinch Analysis for Strategies to Purchase and Sell
Electricity
Wai Shin Hol; Cheng Seong Khor; Jeng Shiun Lim; Haslenda Hashim
MO_09_PSE_26
Modeling of CO2 Capture by Amine Solution (MDEA) in Hollow
Fiber Membranes
Sina Gilassi; Zakaria Man; Abdulhalim Shah Maulud; Alamin Idris
MO_09_PSE_27
Effect of Bulk Temperature on Formation of Crude Oil Fouling
Precursors on Heat Transfer Surfaces
Nitin Shetty; M. Ramasamy; Rajashekhar Pendyala
MO_09_PSE_28
Simulation and Analysis of Process Behavior of Ultrasonic
Distillation System for Separation Azeotropic Mixtures
Taha Mahdi; Arshad Ahmad; Mohamed M. Nasef; Adnan Ripin
page
| 35
MO_09_PSE_29
Heat Exchanger Network Optimization Using Differential
Evolution with Stream Splitting
Ngo Thi Phuong Thuy; Rajashekhar Pendyala; Narahari Marneni
MO_09_PSE_30
Conversion of Lignocellulose into Fermentable Sugars Using Solid
Acid catalysis – A review
Tazien Rashid; Chong Fai Kait; Thanabalan Murugesan
Venue : 308
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_09_ENV_25
Fine Structural Analysis of Solvent Activated Cu-BTC for Carbon
Dioxide Capture
Sujan Chowdhury; Tan Wei Leng; Iqbal Ahmed; Azmi Bustam;
Azmi M Shariff
MO_09_ENV_35
Cellulose-Modified Carbon Electrode for In Situ Lead Detection
Sakinatu Almustapha; Aamir Amanat Ali Khan; Abdul Aziz Omar;
Bambang Ariwahjoedi; Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
MO_09_ENV_27
Curing Characteristics and Tensile Properties of White Fly Ash
Filled Natural Rubber Compounds
Hisyam Mokhtar; Razif Nordin; Saidatulakmar Shamsudin;
N. Z. Noriman
MO_09_ENV_28
Modelling of Adams-Bohart and Yoon-Nelson on the Removal
of Oil from Water using Microwave Incinerated Rice Husk Ash
(MIRHA)
Alina M. Faizal; Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty;
Ezerie Henry Ezechi
MO_09_ENV_29
Adsorption of Azo Dye Orange II by Supported TiO2: A Review
Nadia Riaz; M.Azmi Bustam; Chong Fai Kait; Zakaria B. Man;
M. Saqib Khan; Azmi M. Shariff; Biruh Shimekit; Sami Ullah;
Ali E. I. Elkhalifah
MO_09_ENV_30
Aspects of Carbon Dioxide Mitigation by Nannochloropsis Oculata
Cultured in a Photobioreactor
Krishnan Vijendren; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Suzana Yusup;
Noridah Osman
36 | page
Venue : 309
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
MO_09_RXN_30
Catalytic Decomposition of Methane over La2O3 Supported
Mono - And Bimetallic Catalysts
Wasim Khan; Anis Hamza Fakeeha; Muhammad Awais Naeem;
Ahmed Sadeq Alfatesh; Ahmed Elhag Abasaeed; Ahmed Ibrahim
Aidid
MO_09_RXN_31
Bio-oil Production Under Sub- And Supercritical Hydrothermal
Liquefaction of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Kernel Shell
Yi Herng Chan; Suzana Yusup; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Armando
Quitain
MO_09_RXN_32
Mathematical Modelling for Hydrogen Production From Steam
Gasification of Cellulose
Abrar Inayat; Murni Ahmad; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib;
Suzana Yusup; Zakir Khan
MO_09_RXN_33
Fast Pyrolysis of Oil Palm Kernel Shell in a Fluidized Bed Reactor:
The Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Yields of Pyrolysis
Products
Norizan Ali; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Hafizah Ahmad Afif;
Noridah Osman; Wissam Omar; Bawadi Abdullah; Toshio Tsutsui
MO_09_RXN_34
Thermodynamic Analysis of Autothermal Reforming of
Oxygenated Hydrocarbons At Thermoneutral Condition for
Hydrogen Production
M. T. Azizan; K. Hellgardt; D. Chadwick
MO_09_RXN_35
Physiochemical Properties of Pyrolysis Oil Derived From Fast
Pyrolysis of Wet and Dried Rice Husk in a Free Fall Reactor
Salman Raza Naqvi; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Suzana Yusup;
Muhd Nuruddin
MO_09_RXN_44
Kinetic Studies on Gold Nanoparticle Formation in Aqueous
Medium
Sekhar Bhattacharjee; Sujan Chowdhury; Muhammad
Moniruzzaman
page
| 37
Venue : 310
Track 01 MO_09_AMD: 10_Advanced Materials Development
Time : 10:55 - 13:05
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Synthesis and Characterization of Co/CNTs Catalysts Prepared by
Strong Electrostatic Adsorption (SEA)
MO_09_AMD_43
Method Omid Akbarzadeh Pivehzhani; Noor Asmawati Mohd
Zabidi; Bawadi Abdullah; Duvvuri Subbarao
MO_09_AMD_44
Solubility of CO2 in an Aqueous Ammonium Based Ionic Liquid
Rizwan Safdar; Abdul Aziz Omar; Lukman Ismail; Bhajan Lal
Optimization of Pectin Extraction From Nephrolepis Biserrata
Leaves Using Responce Surface Methodology
MO_09_AMD_45
Halifah Pagarra; Roshanida Abd Rahman; Rosli Md Illias; Nor Azah
Ramli
Antioxidant Potentials of Selected Cyanobacterial Species and the
Relations to Their Phycobiliproteins and Phenolic Contents
MO_09_AMD_46
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah; Hamdy El-Sayed; Sanaa M. M. Shanab;
Mervat Abo-State; Usama M. Nour Eldemerdash; Emad A. Shalaby
A Review on Robustness of Covalent Organic Polymers for CO2
MO_09_AMD_47 Capture
Sana Yaqub; Nurhayati Mellon; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Citric Acid Future Prospects for Pakistan, A Short Review
MO_09_AMD_48 Saad Nadeem; Iqbal Ahmed; Abdul Muttalib; M. Tufail; M. Saad
Khan
Venue : 307
Track 01. MO_10_PSE: 11_Advanced Materials Development
Time : 13:55 - 15:55
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Preparation of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil by Two Step
MO_10_AMD_76 Method Catalyzed by Phosphonium Based Basic Ionic Liquid
Zahoor Ullah; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Zakaria Man
Fabrication and Characterization of Facilitated Transport
MO_10_AMD_77 Membrane for Gas Separation
Rizwan Nasir; Hilmi Mukhtar; Zakaria Man
38 | page
Electrochemical Study of the Pt and Pt-Ni upon Multiwalled
Carbon Nanotubes
MO_10_AMD_78
Asad Mumtaz; Asfand Yar; Riaz Ahmad; Shahid Ansari;
Norani Muti Mohamed
Separation of Naphthenic Acid Using Hydroxide Based Ionic
Liquids
MO_10_AMD_79
Syed Shah; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib; Rashidah Binti Pilus;
Lethesh Kallidanthiyil Chellappan
MO_10_AMD_80
Optimization of Coating Thickness in a Tangential Fluidized Bed
Luqman Hakim; KuZilati KuShaari; Zakaria Man
Experimental Study of Geopolymer Solidification Kinetics
MO_10_AMD_81 Ahmad Pauzi; Lukman Ismail; Ahmer Ali Siyal; Zakaria Man;
Venue : 308
Track 02. MO_10_AMD: 12_Advanced Materials Development
Time : 13:55 - 15:55
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Effects of Ionic Liquid Blending in Polymeric Membrane: Physical
MO_10_AMD_70 Properties and Performance Evaluation
Dzeti Farhah Mohshim; Hilmi Mukhtar; Zakaria Man
Preparation and Characterization of Rice Husk Ash for Adsorption
MO_10_AMD_71 of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions
Samah Daffalla; Hilmi Mukhtar; Maizatul Shima Shaharun
MO_10_AMD_72
Properties and Characteristic of Amine-Polymer Blend Membrane
Asim Mushtaq
Oil Extraction from Calophyllum Inophyllum Kernel via Soxhlet
Extraction: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology
MO_10_AMD_73
(RSM)
Nur’Atiqah Shamsuddin
Gas Permeability Study of Amine-Polymer Blend Membranes to
MO_10_AMD_74 Separate Carbondioxide from Natural Gas
Asim Mushtaq; Hilmi Mukhtar; Azmi Mohd Shariff
page
| 39
Identifying Thermal and pH Stability of Thiols Compound in Garlic
Extract
MO_10_AMD_75
Sity Juaeiriah Samsudin; Nurlidia Mansor; Suriati Sufian; Zakaria
Man
Venue : 309
Track 03. MO_10_Misc.
Time : 13:55 - 15:55
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Review on Pyrolysis of Hardwood Residue to Biofuel
MO_10_AMD_82 Muhammad Amir; Firdaus Mazlan; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Suzana
Yusup; Noridah Osman
MO_10_PSE_32
Resiliency of Human Factor (RoHuF) Methodology
Nor Diana Abdul Wahab; Risza Rusli; Azmi Mohd Shariff
MO_10_PSE_33
CFD Study on Syngas Dispersion for Biomass Process Industry
Noor Ain Ab Kadir; Risza Rusli; Noor Azurah Zaina Abidin
MO_10_ENV_32
Adsorption of Chlorate from Chlor-Alkali Plant Purged Brine
Stream
Lakshmanan Shyam; Murugesan Thanabalan
MO_10_ENV_33
Heavy Metal Removal by Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB)
Biosorbent
Safoura Daneshfozoun; Bawadi Abdullah; Mohd Azmuddin
Abdullah
MO_10_RXN_43
The Impact of the Composition of the Crude Oils on the Wax
Crystallization
Arya Hosseinipour; Kalik M. Sabil; Andhy Arya Ekaputra; Azuraien
Jaafar, Lukman Ismail
40 | page
Venue : 310
Track 4. MO_10_AMD: 13_Advanced Materials Development
Time : 13:55 - 15:55
Session Code
Paper ID
Paper Title
Authors
Ecotoxicity of Pyridinium Based Ionic Liquids
MO_10_AMD_49 Nehal Farouk Mohamed; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib;
Mohammad Azmi B Bustam; Mohanad El-Harbawi
Enhanced Lipid Content by Photobioreactor Cultivation of
Nannochloropsis oculata at Optimal Conditions
MO_10_AMD_50
Syed Muhammad Usman Shah; Ashfaq Ahmad; Mohd Fariduddin
Othman; Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah =
Characterization and Assessment of Cockle Shell as Potential CO2
MO_10_AMD_51 Adsorbents
Nurulhuda Azmi; Suzana Yusuf; Khalik M. Sabil
Physicochemical Properties of Diethanolamine-Functionalized
MO_10_AMD_52 Si-MCM-41
Sohail Ahmed; Anita Ramli; Suzana Yusup
Influence of Citric Acid and Curing Time on Water Uptake
MO_10_AMD_53 Sohibatul Muizzah Mohamad Izhar, Ku Zilati Ku Shaari, Zakaria
Man, Yon Norasyikin Samsudin
Mechanical Activation of Fly Ash by High Energy Planetary Ball
Mill and the Effects on Physical and Morphology Properties
MO_10_AMD_54
Rashidah Mohamed Hamidi; Zakaria Man; Khairun Azizi Azizli;
Lukman Ismail; Mohd Fadhil Nuruddin
page
| 41
Poster Sessions
Venue : Foyer
Track : Poster Session 1
Time : 15:30 - 16:30
Poster Code
Paper ID
Title
Authors
MP_01_PSE_34
Three Region Risk Diagram for Inherent Safety Assessment
Mardhati Zainal Abidin; Risza Rusli
MP_01_PSE_35
Supersaturated Gas Bubble Formation Across an Orifice
Zhen Hong Ban; Kok Keong Lau; Azmi Mohd Shariff
MP_01_PSE_36
Study of Simultaneous Mass Transfer and Nucleation in Cryogenic
Packed Bed for the Removal of CO2 from Natural Gas
Abul Hassan Ali; Atif Ashraf; Azmi Mohd Shariff; Saibal Ganguly
MP_01_PSE_37
Techno-economic Evaluation of Cryogenic Networks for
Separation of CO2 from Natural Gas
Khuram Maqsood; Abul Hassan Ali; Azmi Mohd Shariff;
Saibal Ganguly
MP_01_PSE_38
Gasification of Coal with Hydrogen Generation in an Integrated
Fuel Processor
Sujan Chowdhury; Abrar Inayat; Bawadi Abdullah; Abdul Aziz
Omar; Saibal Ganguly
MP_01_ENV_24
Optimization of Ethanol Production from Mango Peels using
Response Surface Methodology
Muhammad Ridzuan Abdul Ghani; Oh Pei Ching
MP_01_ENV_26
Heavy Metal Ions Removal Using Amine-Functionalized
Mesoporous Adsorbents
Neo Hui Ying; Yeong Yin Fong
MP_01_ENV_34
Methylene Blue Removal from Aaqueous Solution by Hylocereus
Undatus (Dragon Fruit) Foliage
Zurina Zainal Abidin; Mohd Halim; Shah Ismail; Fakhru’l-Razi
Ahmadun; Zahra Haddadian
42 | page
MP_01_ENV_36
Study the Release of Urea from Agrium Coated Urea Using UV-Vis
Spectrometer
Thanh H. Trinh; Quyen N.; KuZilati KuShaari; Lukman Ismail; Anis
Suhaila Shuib
MP_01_ENV_37
Palm Bio-oil Upgrading Research-TowardsEffective Utilization of
Waste
Noor Azean Mat Salleh; Bawadi Abdullah; Ruzaimah Nik Mohamad
Kamil
MP_01_ENV_38
Monoethanolamine (MEA) Wastewater Treatment using PhotoFenton Oxidation
Che Nurjulaikha Haji Che Maszelan; Azizul Buang
MP_01_RXN_45
Review on Extraction and Characterization of Castor Seed Oil
Muhammad
Fitri Jamil; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Noridah Osman; Katsuki Kusakabe;
Suzana Yusup
MP_01_AMD_83
Chemical Pretreatment Comparison for Oil Palm Empty Fruit
Bunch: A Review
Sumayyah Tsabitah; Abdul Aziz Omar; Lukman Ismail
page
| 43
Abstracts
Paper ID :
MO_02_PSE_01
Title
:
Compliance Audit Model for Managing Process Safety in Process
Industries
Authors :
Noor Diana Abdul Majid; Azmi Mohd Shariff; Edmund Soon Boon
Thiam Soon
Abstract
Compliance audit for process safety management (PSM) is a technique to verify that
the implementation of the PSM program is in compliance with OSHA standards and to
identify potential deficiencies in the PSM program used. However, unavailability of an
easy audit technique hinders the compliances to PSM standards in industries. An audit
model is introduced based on OSHA PSM standard to provide a standardize format that
utilizes the Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) as a basis. Case study based on
the training element of OSHA PSM is performed to verify the effectiveness and also
to ensure the model compliance with the standard. The model is based on Microsoft
Access which enables the user to input data, manage and track information. The model
is useful to the employee as the weaknesses in the PSM program can be identified and
rectified to prevent any major accidents.
Paper ID :
MO_02_PSE_02
Title
:
CO2 Rich Gas Mixture Hydrate-Liquid Water- Vapor (H-Lw-V)
Equilibrium Measurement and Prediction
Authors :
Qazi Nasir; Khalik M Sabil; Behzad Partoon; Lau Keong Kok
Abstract
In this paper we present experimental hydrate-liquid water vapor equilibrium data for
mixtures of gas comprising rich CO2 content. Data were generated by a reliable stepheating technique validated using measured data for CH4. The experimental results
obtained in this measurement were compared with various commercial softwares. The
prediction results obtained with different software packages shows in weak agreement
with experiment data point with high average absolute error of hydrate equilibrium
pressure condition.
44 | page
Paper ID :
MO_02_PSE_03
Title
:
Consequence Study of Pressurized CO2 Release Containing Impurities
with Obstacles
Authors :
Hoang Huy Phuoc Loi Pham; Risza Rusli; Mohd Zamri Abdullah
Abstract
A rupture or puncture of a carbon dioxide (CO2) pipeline will result in a release of dense
CO2 gas cloud mixed with toxic impurities such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to the ambience.
This paper has proposed an approach for developing an accurate consequence model for
CO2 release containing H2S in order to demonstrate a safe layout and other safeguards.
Thus, a validated code using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to predict
time-varying concentrations of CO2 and H2S at a point of downwind release area. Then
overall fatality rate due to both CO2 and H2S has been estimated at this point. Results
indicate that this is a suitable method for assessing the release of CO2 via pipeline
leakage.
Paper ID :
MO_02_PSE_04
Title
:
Three-Tier Inherent Safety Quantification (3-TISQ) for Toxic Release
at Preliminary Design Stage
Authors :
Dzulkarnain Zaini; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
This paper proposes a new technique to evaluate the level of inherent safety of process
plant during the preliminary design stage by using the combined assessment of process
routes, streams and inherent risk for toxic release accidents. This technique is known
as 3-Tier Inherent Safety Quantification (3-TISQ). The first tier is to screen the process
routes and to select the ‘best’ route that is inherently less hazardous. Next, the inherent
safety level of the streams within the selected process route can be prioritized using
Toxic Release Stream Index (TRSI) as the second tier. Afterwards, the inherent safety level
of the selected streams can be determined using toxic release inherent risk assessment
(TRIRA) as the third tier. The acceptability level of the inherent risk for the selected
streams can be obtained using a two-region risk matrix concept. If the inherent risk
level is not acceptable, the improvement of the design can be done using the inherent
safety principle until the level of the inherent risk is at the tolerable or acceptable region.
3-TISQ can also be extended to evaluate the inherent safety level of fire and explosion
accidents
page
| 45
Paper ID :
MO_02_PSE_05
Title
:
Molecular Simulation for Piperazinium Based ILs: Effects of Alkyl
Chain, Concentration and Anions on Henry’s Constants
Authors :
Omer Babiker; Mahadzir Shuhaimi; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
Abstract
A simulation study of molecule structuring, electrons density polarization (σ-profile)
and Henry’s constant (HC) have been achieved for three of the dual charge cation ionic
liquids (DCCILs) specifically, 1, 4-di-(butyl, hexyl, Octyl)-1, 4-dimethyl-piperazinium using
COSMO-RS molecular dynamic software. The electron density chart indicates the ability
of the DCCILs to interact with the polar groups (H-bond donor) which was presented
the strong peak in (-1.2×10-2) e/Ǻ2. The DCCILs also showed a strong peaks to interact
with the non-polar groups which are located at (-0.2×10-2) e/Ǻ2). The screening of the
selected anions showed a significant deferens in predicted Henry’s constant values.
The BF4 anion presented the greatest HC values followed by NO3, Br PF6 and finally
the octylsulfate as lowest HC values. The increases of DCCILs concentration always use
to decrease the HLC values for all presented anions. The outcomes of this work were
systematically pointed to the possibility of DCILS solubility in water. In addition the study
identified and classified the selected anions and the cation alkyl chain in terms of their
contribution to improve the CO2 solubility in DCCILs.
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_06
Title
:
Sustainable Integrated Process Design and Control for a Distillation
Column System
Authors :
Mohamad Zulkhairi Nordin; Mohamad Dzulfadzli Jais; Mohd
Kamaruddin Abd Hamid
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to develop a sustainable integrated process design and
control methodology for a distillation column system. The sustainable integrated process
design and control problem for a distillation column system is typically formulated as
a mathematical programming (optimization with constraints) problem, and solved by
decomposing it to six sequential hierarchical sub problems: (i) pre-analysis, (ii) design
analysis, (iii) controller design analysis, (iv) sustainability analysis, (v) detailed economics
analysis and (vi) final selection and verification. The results through case study of
benzene-toluene separation process show the proposed methodology is capable to find
the optimal solution that satisfies design, control, sustainability and economic criteria in
simple and efficient way.
46 | page
Paper ID :
MO_02_ENV_01
Title
:
Biosorption of Heavy Metal Ions, Oil and Grease from Industrial
Waste Water by Banana Peel
Authors :
Azry Borhan; Phoon Kok Hoong; Mohd Faisal Taha
Abstract
The objective of this research is to study the potential of using banana peel as a
biosorbent in removing heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+) and oil / grease particles
from industrial waste water. The study emphasizes on the parameters involved in the
preparation phase of the banana peel adsorbent, such as particle sizes, activating agent,
impregnation ratio, carbonization temperature and duration. Based on the findings, it
shows that the adsorption capacity is correlated to the total surface area (SBET), pore
volume (VT) and average pore diameter (D) of the materials. Sample A20 yields the
highest percentage removal for all tested waste water pollutants, suggesting that banana
peel based activated carbon can be used effectively as biosorption material.
Paper ID :
MO_02_ENV_02
Title
:
Photodegradation of Aqueous Diisopropanolamine Using Cu/TiO2:
Effect of Calcination Temperature and Duration
Authors :
Raihan Mahirah Ramli; Chong Fai Kait; Abdul Aziz Omar
Abstract
The effects of calcination temperature and duration during preparation of Cu/TiO2
photocatalyst were investigated. The photocatalysts were characterized using X-ray and
BET specific surface area analyzer. It was observed that the temperature and duration
during calcination process have a significant effect on the photocatalyst properties
and photocatalytic activity. Optimum temperature and duration for the calcination
of the synthesized photocatalyst were found to be at 450°C and 1.5 h, respectively.
Photodegradation study of aqueous diisopropanolamine solution (1000 ppm) using the
prepared photocatalyst showed a significant COD removal under visible light irradiation.
The photocatalyst calcined at optimum parameters gave the highest COD removal of
63%.
page
| 47
Paper ID :
MO_02_ENV_03
Title
:
Comparison of the Yield and Properties of Bio-Oil Produced by Slow
and Fast Pyrolysis of Rice Husks and Coconut Shells
Authors :
Mandy Su Zan Gui; Seyed Amirmostafa Jourabchi; Hoon Kiat Ng;
Suyin Gan
Abstract
Slow pyrolysis (SP) and fast pyrolysis (FP) of rice husks, coconut shells and their mixtures
were studied in a fixed bed reactor. The objectives of this study were to compare the
yields and properties of bio-oils produced using SP and FP methods within a pyrolysis
temperature range of 400oC to 600oC. Three different biomass compositions, 100%
rice husks (RH), 100% coconut shells (CS) and a mixture of 50% rice husks with 50%
of coconut shells (RH50/CS50) were experimented. In SP, the maximum yield of bio-oil
for RH, CS and RH50/CS50 were 45.45%, 37.01%, 38.29% at temperatures of 550oC,
500oC and 600oC respectively. As for FP, the maximum bio-oil yield obtained for RH,
CS and RH50/CS50 were 50.52%, 40.14% and 42.25% at temperatures of 500oC, 600oC
and 550oC respectively. At these optimum pyrolysis temperatures, the percentage
differences in bio oil yields for SP and FP were 10.57%, 8.11% and 9.83% for RH, CS and
RH50/CS50 respectively. Based on American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
standard procedures, the properties of bio-oil were characterised and it was found that
the bio oil produced by FP at optimum temperatures were less acidic, higher density,
lower water content and viscosity as compared to the bio-oil produced by SP method for
all biomass compositions.
Paper ID :
MO_02_ENV_04
Title
:
Use of Waste Coconut Oil Obtained from Waste Water Pond of
Coconut Milk Plant to Produce Biodiesel
Authors :
Pinuma Kaewruksa; Vittaya Punsuvon
Abstract
Waste coconut oil obtained from waste water pond contains high free fatty acid (FFA)
which is not suitable to produce biodiesel via transesterification. The two steps of
reaction (esterification and transesterification) were used to produce biodiesel from
waste coconut oil. The result showed that FFA decreased from 92.95%wt to nearby
2%wt under the conditions of 80%vol of methanol to oil, 4%wt of hydrochloric acid and
4 h of reaction time in esterification step. In addition 95.34%wt conversion of fatty acid
methyl ester (FAME) could be achieved in 1 h when 20%vol methanol to oil and 0.5%wt
of sodium hydroxide in transesterification step. The fuel properties of waste coconut oil
biodiesel were mostly met well within the ranges specified in biodiesel standard.
48 | page
Paper ID :
MO_02_ENV_05
Title
:
Delignification of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) using Low Transition
Temperature Mixtures (LTTMs): A Review
Authors :
Yiin Chung Loong; Suzana Yusup; Yoshimitsu Uemura
Abstract
Biomass processing using low transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs) has the
potential to become a sustainable alternative resource for production of raw materials
and fuels with a neutral carbon dioxide balance. The state of art for customizing the
physicochemical behaviour of these new green solvents by a prudent selection of the
constituents’ nature and ratio through microwave irradiation is presented in this work.
The impact of the following parameters, namely type of malic acid, molar ratio of malic
acid to natural salt, water content and temperature of treatment are related to the
solvation behaviour of LTTMs. An overview of the conditions for the highest efficiency in
the delignification of empty fruit bunch (EFB) are described.
Paper ID :
MO_02_ENV_06
Title
:
Antioxidant activity and HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Compound from
Nephelium Lappaceum Leaves
Authors :
Saima Khan; Asna M Zain; M Azmuddin B Abdullah; Thanabalan
Murugesan
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are product of secondary metabolite, present in vegetables and in
various plants as natural antioxidant compound. Phenolic compound from Nephelium
Lappaceumleaves is investigated using GA as a precursor. Phenolic compound GA
isextracted from Nephelium Lappaceum leaves in 50, 70, 90and 100% methanoland
ethanol solvents at ratio 10:1 at 60oC and 75oC. Based on HPLC results for all samples,
in sample E (178.14 mg/g) of GA is found as the optimum value extracted in 50%
ethanol solvent at 60oC. FRAP result shows that the effect of metal chelating activity is
considerably increased as the concentration of the extract is increasing. This confirms
that in E9 GA concentration is dominant on phytochemicals along with significant
higher activity that serve as antioxidative. Methanol extracted GA from Nephelium
Lappaceumhas higher FRAP value in sample E9 (1.236 mg/g) and lower value in sample
M7 (0.676 mg/g).
page
| 49
Paper ID :
MO_02_RXN_36
Title
:
Raman Spectroscopic Study for the Determination of
Monoethanolamine Concentration
Authors :
Wong Mee Kee; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
Thermodynamic model is one of the important elements in designing and operating CO2
removal systems, thus accurate determination of the thermodynamic properties of CO2
in aqueous amine is of major interest for both technical and economical considerations.
Quantitative Raman study of aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) solutions of
concentration ranging from 0 to 99 mass % in the spectral region between 300 and 3100
cm−1 was performed. Band envelopes were resolved with Gaussian Lorentzian function.
Progressive growth of area under these peaks with increasing concentration was used
as the parameter to construct calibration curve. Area ratio of selected peaks was plotted
against MEA concentration to depict the relationship between MEA concentration and
each area ratio. Correlation for A1460/A933 has coefficient of determination closest to
unity and lowest mean squared area. MEA concentration can be calculated from the
equation derived from correlation between A1460/A933 and MEA mass %.
Paper ID :
MO_02_RXN_37
Title
:
Degradation Kinetic of Oxytetracycline Antibiotic inside UV Reactor
in the Presence of H2O2
Authors :
Anisa Ur Rahmah; Sabtanti Harimurti; Abdul Aziz Omar; Thanabalan
Murugesan
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), a widely used of veterinary antibiotic, was degraded inside a
UV/H2O2 system. Kinetic study was conducted at 30oC of temperature and pH 6.37, as
suggested by the previous optimization experiment. About 250, 375 and 500 ppm initial
OTC concentration were used for the kinetic studies, at H2O2 concentration of 0.116 M.
The experimental data were plotted against the pseudo zero-th, first and second order
of kinetic. Based on regression coefficient value, the data was well fitted with the pseudo
first order of kinetic. The calculated value of kobs was 0.181 min-1.
50 | page
Paper ID :
MO_02_RXN_38
Title
:
Linear and Non-Linear Regression Analysis of Boron Adsorption
Kinetics on New Radiation Grafted Fibrous Adsorbent
Authors :
TM Ting; M. M. Nasef; Kamaruddin Hashim
Abstract
The kinetic behavior of a new adsorbent prepared by radiation induced grafting of vinyl
benzyl chloride (VBC) onto Nylon-6 fibers followed by functionalization with N-methylD-glucamine was investigated using pseudo second-order kinetic model. The linear
method and non-linear regression methods were compared to determine the best
fitting for the kinetic model describing the adsorption of boron by the new adsorbent.
Four pseudo second-order kinetic linear equations were presented. A type-1 pseudo
second-order linear method was found to fit best the experimental data. Non-linear
regression method was found to be more appropriate to describe the boron adsorption
by the fibrous adsorbent which has also shown fast kinetics.
Paper ID :
MO_02_RXN_39
Title
:
Comparative Study of Linear Co-Volume Based Mixing Rules for
Equation of State/ Excess Gibbs Energy (EOS/GE) Models for CO2 MEA and CO2 - MDEA Systems
Authors :
Humbul Suleman; Abdul Halim Shah Maulud; Zakaria Man
Abstract
With the advent of Equation of State/ Excess Gibbs Energy (EOS/GE) models, the
linear co-volume based mixing rules have gained vast importance for predicting multicomponent VLE for polar mixtures. Owing to their inherent ease of calculation and
good prediction abilities, these mixing rules have been applied in extension, to a variety
of systems especially for CO2-H2O-alkanolamine systems. However, no comparative
study is available to select appropriate mixing rule for prediction of thermodynamic
properties. In this study, pressure prediction of various linear co-volume mixing rules
has been compared for CO2 - MEA and CO2 - MDEA systems, while effects of activity
coefficients and process parameters have been kept constant. The infinite pressure
mixing rules have heavily under - predicted and approximate zero reference pressure
mixing rules have over - predicted, but latter are valid for low and medium pressure
ranges. The linear combination of Vidal and Michelsen (LCVM) mixing rule have good
predictions at high pressures.
page
| 51
Paper ID :
MO_02_RXN_40
Title
:
Effect of Ball Milling on the Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose to
Levulinic Acid
Authors :
Amir Sada Khan; Zakaria Man; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil;
Chong Fai Kait; Abdul Halim Shah Maulud
Abstract
The yield of levulinic acid from cellulose is very low because of a strong network of
inter-and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Ball milling cause significant decrease in
the cellulose crystalinity and thus increase the production of levulinic acid (LA) by using
Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3) as a catalyst. By means of AlCl3 depolymerization, cellulose
can produce Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and subsequently LA. The presence of LA
was investigated by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The effect of
reaction temperature and time were investigated. The maximum yield of LA (36.5 mol
%) was achieved using 180oC and 240 min.
Paper ID :
MO_02_RXN_41
Title
:
Fast pyrolysis of oil palm kernel shell in a fluidized bed reactor:
The effect of biomass size on the yields of pyrolysis products
Authors :
Yoshimitsu Uemura; Norizan Ali; Hafizah Ahmad Afif; Noridah
Osman; Wissam N. Omar; Bawadi Abdullah; Toshio Tsutsui
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of biomass size on the yields of char, liquid (organic
compounds and water) and gas for fast pyrolysis of palm kernel shell. Fast pyrolysis was
carried out in a fluidized bed reactor of 108 mm in internal diameter operated at 450 oC
using three different sizes of palm kernel shell (0.325, 0.75 and 1.5 mm). In specific the
effect of biomass size on the yields of known and unknown organics in bio-oil was mainly
investigated. The major organics include acetic acid, phenol and furfural. The minor ones
include 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-methylnaphthalene, benzene, toluene and
THF. Smaller biomass sizes were favorable for higher bio-oil yields.
52 | page
Paper ID :
MO_02_AMD_01
Title
:
Study on Mechanical Properties of Zirconia-Alumina Based Ceramics
Authors :
Kalaimani Markandan, KM
Abstract
This paper describes the characterizations of ceramic composites consisting of different
compositions of alumina and zirconia. The material characterisations were performed
from the aspects of densification, hardness and fracture toughness. The surface
morphology and elemental composition of the composite were studied using SEM and
EDX respectively. As for physical properties, the highest attainable hardness and fracture
toughness were 11.35 GPa and 3.41 MPa m0.5 respectively for ceramic composite
consisted of 80 wt % Zr and 20 wt% Al. Sintering at 1150oC assisted in the densification
of ceramics.
Paper ID :
MO_02_AMD_02
Title
:
Optimization of Temperature Rise during CO2 Absorption Process
Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors :
Tan Lian See; Lau Kok Keong; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
This study aims to optimize the temperature rise during CO2 absorption process using
response surface methodology (RSM). Verification experiments were performed using
a pilot scale experimental set up to validate the optimization condition generated from
RSM analysis. The magnitude of temperature rise was observed to increase with increase
of pressure and it was especially significant with the increase of CO2 inlet concentration.
However, the increase of temperature with higher CO2 inlet concentration was not very
obvious after 60% of CO2 inlet concentration. The predicted values of the optimized
temperature rise were generally in good agreement with the actual experimental results
and this indicated that the empirical correlation generated was well suited with the
experimental results.
page
| 53
Paper ID :
MO_02_AMD_03
Title
:
Polyethersulfone (PES) Membranes for CO2/CH4 Separation: Effect
of Polymer Blending
Authors :
Hafiz Abdul Mannan; Hilmi Mukhtar; Thanabalan Murugesan
Abstract
Effect of polymer blending on physico-chemical and gas permeation properties of
polyethersulfone (PES) membrane was studied. PES was chosen as base polymer and
polysulfone (PSF) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) were added as glassy and rubbery
polymer additives respectively. The morphology, thermal stability and miscibility of PES
membranes were characterized by FESEM, TGA and DSC respectively to observe the
effect of polymer blending. The prepared membranes were tested for permeation of
CO2 and CH4 at a feed pressure of 2 to 10 bar. PES-PSF membrane exhibits the separation
properties identical to PES membrane. PES-PVAc blend membrane was found to be
immiscible and high permeability was achieved while the selectivity was lost.
Paper ID :
MO_02_AMD_04
Title
:
Impact of Gas Phase Composition on Gas Hydrate Process for Carbon
Dioxide Capturing From Gaseous Mixtures
Authors :
Behzad Partoon; Khalik M Sabil; Lau Kok Keong
Abstract
Hydrate based technology is a promising new process for separation of Carbon dioxide
from different gas mixtures. The process is claimed to be less energy intensive, green
and low technology. In this article effect of composition on the efficiency of such process
is discussed. CSMGem software is used for analysis. Results shows that gas phase
composition have important impact on the efficiency of process.
54 | page
Paper ID :
MO_02_AMD_05
Title
:
Catalytic Conversion of Oil Palm Fronds to Levulinic Acid in
Ionic Liquid
Authors :
Nur Aainaa Syahirah Ramli; NorAishah Saidina Amin
Abstract
Conversion of oil palm fronds (OPF) to levulinic acid (LA) over Fe/HY zeolite catalyst
in BMIM [Br] ionic liquid has been investigated in this study. The optimization of OPF
conversion reported 24.7% levulinic acid yield at 153°C, 5.9 h, 0.96 g and 1.1 g of reaction
temperature, reaction time, OPF loading and catalyst loading, respectively. The results
indicated that BMIM [Br] could disrupt the covalent linkages in the OPF structures and
dissolved the hollocellulose. This allowed the hollocellulose chains, accessible to the
chemical transformation, to react and produce LA in presence of the Fe/HY catalyst.
This study demonstrated that the combination of Fe/HY catalyst and BMIM [Br] has the
potential to be applied for biomass conversion to LA under adequate process conditions.
Paper ID :
MO_02_AMD_06
Title
:
Effect of Molar Ratios on the Synthesis of Zeolite Imidazolate
Framework 8 (ZIF-8) and its CO2 Uptake Capability
Authors :
Yeong Yin Fong; Lai Li Sze
Abstract
In this research work, ZIF-8 was synthesized under different molar ratios of the synthesis
solution at room temperature. The ratio of the methanol as the solvent was varied
accordingly with the constant ratio of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole as
the reactants in the solution. The properties of the resulting particles were characterized
using different analytical tools such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The CO2 uptake characteristics
of the ZIF-8 samples were measured using temperature programmed desorption (TPD).
The results showed that, ZIF-8 samples synthesized in the present work were thermally
stable up to 700ºC, with the sample at lowest molar ratio of methanol possessed highest
crystallinity, largest average particles sizes of 250 nm and highest CO2 uptake capability.
page
| 55
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_07
Title
:
Sustainable Integrated Process Design and Control for a Continuous
Stirred Tank Reactor System
Authors :
Siti Zakaria
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to highlight the use of a two-dimensional (2D) sustainability
index in performing a sustainable integrated process design and control (Sustain-IPDC)
for a continuous-stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system. Sustain-IPDC for a CSTR system is
formulated as a mathematical programming problem and solved by decomposing it into
six sequential hierarchical sub-problems: (i) pre-analysis, (ii) design analysis, (iii) controller
design analysis, (iv) sustainability analysis, (v) detailed economic analysis, and (vi) final
selection and verification. The proposed methodology is applied to the production of
cyclohexanone using aCSTR. The results show that the proposed methodology is capable
in finding an optimal solution for a CSTR design problem that satisfy design, control,
sustainability and economic criteria in an easy and systematic manner.
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_08
Title
:
Detection of Model Parameter Mismatch Using Simplified Partial
Correlation Analysis for Closed-loop System
Authors :
Nur Hidayah Kamal Iqbal; Nooryusmiza Yusoff; Lemma Dendena Tufa
Abstract
Partial correlation analysis is used in detecting the model-plant mismatch as it will give
accurate location of mismatched submodel. In this work of model parameter mismatch
detection in closed-loop system, a simplified method of partial correlation analysis is
proposed. In this method, the identification step for input sensitivities relating setpoints
and manipulated variables is omitted due the ability of ARX model structure to capture
the dynamic of the input-output data even though in the presence of unmeasured
disturbance in closed-loop system. The ARX model structure is implemented in
decorrelating the observed data from the correlated inputs. The proposed method also
demonstrated using FIR model structure to compare the findings.
56 | page
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_09
Title
:
Application of Experimental Statistical Method in Optimizing
Preparation Variables for Cu-Ni/TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors :
Robabeh Bashiri; Norani Muti Mohamed; Chong Fai Kait;
Suriati Sufian
Abstract
The influences of initial parameters on the nanoparticle-size of a series of titaniasupported copper-nickel bimetallic photocatalysts (Cu-Ni/TiO2) are investigated for solar
hydrogen production. The photocatalysts were prepared using sol-gel associated with
hydrothermal method by using Design-Expert software. Response surface Method (RSM)
including central composite design (CCD) was applied to study the single and combined
effects of three primary preparation parameters like water to alkoxide molar ratio (A),
acid to alkoxide molar ratio (B), and Cu content (C) on the growth of Cu-Ni doped TiO2
particle size. The particle size range of the photocatalysts was 13-25 nm. Analysis of
variance (ANOVA) revealed a second-order polynomial regression model to fit the
experimental data in CCD. A comparison between predicted and experimental values
has depicted a good agreement amongst them with high coefficient of determination
value (R2= 0.98). The 3-D response surface and the contour plots imply a synergistic
effect of parameter A, an antagonistic effect of parameter B, and significant interaction
between them on the growth of particle sizes more than parameter C and its interactions
with other variables. The smaller average sizes of Cu-Ni doped TiO2 particles with higher
surface area are helpful to increase the light adsorptive property in hydrogen production
studies.
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_10
Title
:
An Integrated Framework for Refinery Scheduling and Operational
Optimization
Authors :
Khairiyah M. Siraj; Nooryusmiza Yusoff; Shuhaimi Mahadzir
Abstract
This work deals with an integrated decision at the refinery scheduling and operational
optimization levels. Re-scheduling is performed as a means to integrate both of these
levels. Results indicate that the total benefit obtained by the proposed integrated
method managed to increase 16% of the base case profit.
page
| 57
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_11
Title
:
Dynamics of Wall Heated Packed Bed Reactors
Authors :
Duvvuri Subbarao; Reem Hassan Abd El Ghafoor Hassan;
M. Ramasamy
Abstract
The multi-tubular packed bed reactors in shell tube heat exchanger configuration are
widely used for carrying out exo-/endothermic reactions. To design control strategies
for stable and safe operation of such reactors, information on dynamic response of such
units are needed. Dynamic response of a pilot scale multi-tubular packed bed reactors
in shell tube heat exchanger configuration performing dehydrogenation of isopropyl
alcohol are presented.
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_12
Title
:
Relationships between Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of
Polycristalline Alumina
Authors :
L. Haddour; M. Keddam; N. Mesrati
Abstract
Some low purity alumina ceramics with an alumina content ranging from 86% to
93% were investigated, in order to explore the effects of microstructural parameters
(grain size, intergranular phase) on mechanical (wear) and dielectrical parameters. The
microstructure and worn surfaces were analysed using scaning electron microscopy. The
correlation between microstructural, dielectrical properties and wear is discussed. It has
been proposed that mechanical and electrical properties are two aspects of the same
fundamental mechanism.
58 | page
Paper ID :
MO_03_ENV_07
Title
:
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn for the Removal of Residual Oil from
Oily-Water Emulsion
Authors :
Muhammad Afzaal; Balasubramanian Periyasamy;
Abstract
Fixed bed column studies were carried out to evaluate the performance of natural Ceiba
pentandra (L). Gaertn. (kapok) for residual oil removal from oily-water emulsion under
varying flow rate (5-20 ml/min) and packing density (0.02-0.08 g/cm3). A multilevel
factorial design based on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity of the effluent
was developed. COD reductions of more than 99% and turbidity reduction ranging from
92.9-95.8% were observed at all packing densities and flow rates. The results suggest
that kapok fiber can be used as a low-cost alternative for the removal of residual oil from
POME.
Paper ID :
MO_03_ENV_08
Title
:
The Potential of Thiosulfinates in Garlic Extract as Urease Bioinhibitor
Authors :
Nur Kamila Ramli; Zahid Majeed; Anis Suhaila Shuib; Nurlidia
Mansor; Zakaria Man
Abstract
Research on garlic or scientifically called as Allium sativum L. has been conducted to
ensure its inhibitory effects as potentially safe and biodegradable inhibitor. From
previous research, thiosulfinates (TS) contained in garlic extract proved to inhibit
platelets aggregation in medical applications. TS are obtained by extracting garlic
cloves. In this study, the inhibitory effect is determined by analyzing ammonia (NH3)
concentration in enzyme-containing solution and standard urea assay mixtures using
UV-Vis spectrophotometer device. The Beer’s law is used to calculate the concentration
with an aid of the curve value of standard NH3 calibration graph. Based on previous
research, the NH3 concentration is predicted to decrease with amount of enzymecontaining solution and incubation time.
page
| 59
Paper ID :
MO_03_ENV_09
Title
:
Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes for the Detection of Boldenone
Authors :
Rameeta Kaur; Aamir Amanat Ali Khan; John Ojur Dennis; Mohd
Azmuddin Abdullah
Abstract
Boldenone (androsta-1, 4-dien-17-ol-3-one), an androgenic anabolic steroid (AAS), is
intensively used for growth promoting purposes in animals for meat production and
as a performance enhancer in athletics. Its use is prohibited either in animals intended
for human consumption or directly for humans, as most of the anabolic steroids are
completely metabolized. The current method of detection, such as the mass spectrometry
coupled with gas chromatography or liquid chromatography is sensitive, highly specific
and popular methods of detection. However, these have some intrinsic drawbacks such
as the requirements of complicated and expensive instrumentation, time consuming and
production of narrow detection limits. Boldenone and its metabolites in urine samples
of animal matrices can be detected by means of electrochemical methods using tunable
and chemically-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs).
Paper ID :
MO_03_ENV_10
Title
:
Bismuth-modified Hydroxyapatite Carbon Electrode for Heavy Metal
Detection in Biomatrices
Authors :
Huma Ajab; Aamir Amanat Ali Khan; John Ojur Dennis; Mohd
Azmuddin Abdullah
Abstract
Micro-analytical based sensors with complex biomatrices such as blood, urine, or saliva
are of increasing interest in health-care sector because of their sensitivity, selectively
and simplicity. A modified carbon electrode with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and Bismuth
(II) was developed to detect Pb2+ concentration in blood sera from healthy persons.
Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry was used for the detection of Pb2+ by the
interacting capability of the Bi film and HAp on the electrode surface with the optimised
parameters of deposition time 240 seconds, deposition potential -1.0 V in 0.1M acetate
buffer followed by square wave potential scan from -1.0 V to -0.2V. Bi film deposited
HAp-CME showed attractive electrochemical characteristics with high sensitivity for
Pb2+. Clear current peaks for different Pb2+ concentrations were observed around
-0.55V, with favourable signal-to-background ratio, and comparatively free from oxygen
interferences.
60 | page
Paper ID :
MO_03_ENV_11
Title
:
Phase diagram of an Aqueous Salt-Polymer System Composed of
Poly ethylene glycol 4000 + Na3C6H5O7+ H2O
Authors :
Hengameh Hanaei; Thanabalan Murugesan
Abstract
Liquid−liquid extraction for the poly ethylene glycol (PEG) + Na3C6H5O7+ H2O system,
with PEG of molecular weight 4000, have been measured at 300.15 K. Phase diagram
behavior and tielines for PEG4000 have been studied and the effects of molecular
weight of PEG 2000, 4000, 6000 on the binodal curve was investigated. In comparing to
literature it was found that an increase in molecular weight of PEG shifted the binodal
curve to lower PEG and salt concentrations. The ATPS’s studied may be used in separation
of protein and other compounds.
Paper ID :
MO_03_ENV_12
Title
:
Biomethane production and Palm Oil Mill Effluent treatment by
co-cultivation of Nannochloropsis oculata
Authors :
Ashfaq Ahmad; Syed Muhammad Usman Shah; Mohd Fariduddin
Othman; Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Abstract
Co-cultivation of Nannochloropsis oculata with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB)
was explored for biomethane production and POME treatment. The experimental
results were analyzed and modeled using a multilevel factorial design (MFD) of response
surface methodology (RSM). Maximum specific biogas production rate (0.126 m3 kg-1
COD day-1) and biomethane production (4813.0 mL CH4 L-1 POME day-1) were achieved
with 2 mL mL-1 POME of microalgae and OPEFB 0.12 g mL-1 POME. POME treatment
after 3 and 7 days with microalgae achieved higher removal efficiency (56-98%) of COD,
BOD and TOC, than without microalgae.
Paper ID :
MO_03_RXN_42
Title
:
An Equation of State for the Liquid Phase
Authors :
Duvvuri Subbarao; Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi; Sujan Chowdhury;
Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
Abstract
Developments in Equation of State of gas have enabled estimation of properties of gases
with reasonable accuracy. In this note, Equation of State for liquid phase is developed to
explain dependence of density of liquid on temperature through latent heat vaporization
and specific heat of the liquid. The model is validated with data on some common liquids.
page
| 61
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_55
Title
:
Separation of Benzene and Cyclohexane with Mixed Solvent Using
Extractive Distillation
Authors :
Bradley Richard; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Girma Gonfa
Abstract
Vapour-liquid equilibrium for cyclohexane (1) + benzene (2) binary system, cyclohexane
(1) + benzene (2) dimethylformamide (3) ternary system and cyclohexane (1) + benzene (2)
dimethylformamide (3) + cosolvent (4) quaternary systems were obtained. The effects of
cosolvents (diethyl glycol, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylformamide) on the performance
of dimethylformamide in benzene-cyclohexane separation were studied. The result
shows the selected cosolvents suppress the effectiveness of dimethylformamide.
The result also shows that the ratio of cosolvents to dimethylformamide affects the
separation factor.
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_56
Title
:
Upgrading of Pyrolysis Bio-Oil to Fuel over Supported Nano
Materials: A review
Authors :
Madiha Yasir; Sujan Chowdhury; Nurlidia Mansor; Norani Muti
Mohammad; Yoshimitsu Uemura
Abstract
Upgrading of bio-oil obtained from pyrolysis of biomass is one the most attractive way
to produce fuel both in technological and economical aspect. Development of costeffective, long life and highly active catalyst is a major challenge in this concern. Addition
of support material to the nanocatalyst not only increases the life span of the catalyst
but also offers more active sites as well as reduces the cost by lowering the amount of
active metal used. Moreover, selection of appropriate support favors efficient dispersion
of the active phase. The main focus of this review article is to look into the development
of supported nano-catalysts in the past few decades, comparing catalytic performance
and deactivation rate of catalysts in the upgrading of bio-oil to produce a value-aided
and efficient transportation fuel. Overall, appreciable work has been done to improve
the hydrodeoxygenation reaction using different nano-sized rare earth metal support
materials with enhanced catalytic efficiency and finally need to be implemented in
industries for upgrading of pyrolysis bio-oil.
62 | page
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_57
Title
:
Effect of Modified MIL-53 with Multi-Wall Carbon nanotubes and
nano Fibers on CO2 Adsorption
Authors :
Sami Ullah; A.M.Shariff; M.A. Bustam; Ali.E.I.El Khalifah; G. Murshid;
Nadia Riaz; Biruh Shimekit
Abstract
There is a growing need of counter assessing the increase of releases greenhouse
gases such as carbon dioxide by researching an alternative technology that can help
to reduce carbon dioxide content in atmosphere. This research work investigates the
potential of MIL-53 as CO2 capture and storage candidate by conducting an experiment
with different pressure between the synthesised and modified MIL-53. To investigate
the effect of the Multi-wall carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs) and carbon nano fibers
(CNFs) in MIL-53 towards CO2 adsorption performance. The synthesised samples were
characterized by Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer, Emmett and
Teller (BET) techniques. A significant change is observed in the region of the aromatic
deformation vibrations due to the different substitution patterns of the aromatic ring.
BET surface area for MWCNT@MIL-53 is higher than CNF@MIL-53 and MIL-53. MWCNTs
showed the adsorption of CO2 uptake is 0.3mmole-1/g at 100Kpa.
Paper ID :
MO_03_PSE_31
Title
:
CFD Simulation of Droplet Formation under Various Parameters in
Prilling Process
Authors :
Aadil Muhammad; Rajashekhar Pendyala; Nejat Rahmanian
Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is used to investigate the droplet formation
and deformation under the influence of different parameters. Droplet breakup
phenomenon depends on several factors such as viscosity, velocity, pressure difference,
and geometry. The most important parameter for droplet breakup is the Weber number
(We) which is the ratio of disrupting aerodynamics forces to the surface tension forces.
Volume of fluid (VOF) model is used in present work to simulate the droplet breakup.
This work presents the effect of liquid velocity, viscosity, and orifice diameters on droplet
formation and breakup.
page
| 63
Paper ID :
MO_03_ENV_31
Title
:
Effect of Modification Techniques on Surface of Carbon Nanofiber as
Catalyst Support
Authors :
Thien Duc Nguyen Van; Suriati Sufian; Nurlidia Mansor; Noorhana
Yahya
Abstract
The intrinsic surface of carbon nanofiber (CNF) is important for supported catalyst
preparation. The surface changes due to various techniques applied such as N2 thermal
and HNO3 oxidation methods.The combination of different analyses is to observe the
internal structure through Raman spectroscope, textural properties via N2 physisorption
and morphology of CNF using transmission electron microscope or through quantification
of oxygen containing groups by acid base titration. As results, an extension of residence
time increases the amount of amorphous and damages the structure of mesoporous
CNF texture unexpectedly. The change from hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface of CNF
is due to the growing number of oxygen. The surface area of CNF by HNO3 treatment
method produces 115.14m2/g which is higher than that of thermal method.
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_07
Title
:
An Evaluation of Fish Scales as Potential Adsorbents: pH and
Concentration Effect
Authors :
Bawadi Abdullah; Dai-Viet N. Vo
Abstract
Experimental investigations on removal of lead contamination from contaminated
water by adsorption technique using local fishes i.e.Tilapia and Merah (Oreochromos
and Lutjanus) fish scales. The fish scales adsorbent equilibrated nearly approaching
100% of Pb uptake over the range of concentrations and pH studied. Unexpectedly,
the performance of fish scales as an adsorbent is better as compared to commercially
available activated carbon.
64 | page
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_08
Title
:
Optimization of Naphthalene Extraction from Its Mixture with Base
Oil and Dibenzothiophene by BMIMDMP Ionic Liquid Using Response
Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors :
Ghassan Al Kaisy; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib; Mohamad Azmi
Bustam @ Khalil; Radzuan Razali
Abstract
In this study, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied for optimizing the
extraction process of Naphthalene from its mixture with Base Oil and Dibenzothiophene
using the ionic liquid 1-Butyl-3-Methyimidazolium Dimethylphosphate (BMIMDMP).
The series of experiments conducted were designed using Design Expert version 8.7.0.1
software for studying the effect of temperature and ionic liquid to oil mass ratio on the
performance of naphthalene removal. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) conducted to
determine the relationship developed for the two variables above with respect to the
naphthalene removal showed a high coefficient of determination (R2) value of (0.9998)
hence indicating a very good performance model which can be used for optimizing the
extraction process. Based on the results, it shows that 67% percent removal could be
achieved with one extraction stage at the optimum condition.
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_09
Title
:
Characterization of Calcium Methoxide from Quick Lime and its
Application in Pongamia Pinnata Oil Biodiesel Production
Authors :
Sasikarn Panpraneecharoen
Abstract
The catalytic activities of calcium methoxide obtained from quick lime were characterized
and evaluated in biodiesel production of Pongamia pinnata (P. pinnata) oil. The catalyst
was prepared by calcination of quick lime at 700 ˚C for 3 h after that calcium oxide
presented in quick lime further reacted with methanol for 2 h to produce calcium
methoxide. The catalyst was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection fourier transform (ATR-FTIR),
energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopies (EDX) and BET surface area analysis to evaluate
its performance. The transesterification of P. pinnata oil using calcium methoxide and
the process parameters affecting the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content such as
catalyst concentration, methanol to oil molar ratio and reaction time were investigated.
Under optimized reaction condition, the FAME yield at 93.94 % was achieved within 3
h using 3 % wt catalyst concentration, 15:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 65oC reaction
temperature and 750 rpm stirring rate. The result of FAME suggested that calcium
methoxide catalyst has promising viability in transesterification for biodiesel production.
page
| 65
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_10
Title
:
Desulfurization of Fuels Using Ionic Liquids: Computational Selection
of Cations and Anions
Authors :
Muhammad Zulhaziman Mat Salleh; Cecilia Wilfred; Mohamed
Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib
Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL) has been identified as a potential extractant for removal of sulfur
compounds from fuel. As there is a huge amount of ionic liquids (ILs) available via
synthesis or commercial, their selection is carried out using COSMO-RS. This paper
describes the process of selecting potential ILs for removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT)
from n-dodecane. The selection of cation and anion was carried out by analyzing
the interaction between DBT and IL. Sigma profile, capacity and selectivity at infinite
dilution were used to predict the suitable candidates in desulfurization. Result shows
that increasing alkyl length and incorporating nitrile group will increase the capacity and
selectivity, respectively. [C4mquin]+ and [Bmim]+ are the potential cations while [SCN]and [N(CN)2]- are the potential anions.
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_11
Title
:
Preparation and Characterization of Hydrophobic Silica Zirconium
Nanoparticles
Authors :
Tayseir Abd ellateif; Khairun Azizi Azizli; Thanabalan Murugesan
Abstract
Silica sols were synthesized by alkali hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate; these
sols were modified with different percentage of zirconium sol to convert silica from
hydrophilic to hydrophobic materials using liquid modification. The hydrophobicity test
demonstrated that silica zirconium nanoparticles are more hydrophobic as they showed
1% to 5% weight gain compared to 8% for pure silica nanoparticles. The synthesized silica
nanoparticles were characterized using different techniques to investigate the effect of
zirconium modification on silica nanoparticles characteristics. Structure and composition
of unmodified silica nanoparticles and modified one were studied using FTIR; the results
showed that the zirconium oxide was anchored to the surface of silica nanoparticles.
TEM and BET analysis showed that the percentage of zirconium added to silica had
distinct effect on the particle distribution and surface area of silica nanoparticles.
66 | page
Paper ID :
MO_03_AMD_12
Title
:
Decentralized Control Design for Ethanol Fermentation by
Zymomonas Mobilis - Multi-scale Control Approach
Authors :
Qiu Han Seer; Jobrun Nandong; Zhuquan Zang
Abstract
This paper deals with the decentralized control design for ethanol fermentation by
Zymomonas mobilis. Extractive fermentation has been proposed to improve the ethanol
yield and productivity due to product inhibition. The complexity of biological systems and
significant process variability can always lead to ineffective control system performance.
In this paper, a 2x2 and 3x3 multi-scale control systems have been proposed. It is shown
that the PID control design based on the multi-scale control scheme is effective for
complex high-order systems.
Paper ID :
MO_04_PSE_13
Title
:
Modelling of Carbon Dioxide Leakage in Abandon Wells using
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors :
Abdul Haziq Abdul Rahman; Bawadi Abdullah; Dai-Viet N. Vo
Abstract
Greenhouse gas emission (GHG) has become a serious threat to the environment due
to emitting high CO2 concentration and thus depleting ozone layer. One of the potential
mitigations is using carbon sequestration process by injecting CO2 back to underground.
However, the stored CO2 has a potential to leakage from the storage through the
wellbore, due to reaction of between supercritical CO2 and cement plug. The purpose of
this research is to discover the potential of CO2 leakage from abandon well, by analyzing
the reaction of CO2 with Portland cement and the effect of permeability, pressure,
temperature and inflow velocity towards the reaction using Computational Fluid
Dynamics (CFD). The results show that for base case scenario, the penetration rate of CO2
in cement plug is 150 mm in 100 years. The sensitivity analysis shows that permeability,
pressure, temperature and inflow velocity has impacts on the CO2 penetration.
page
| 67
Paper ID :
MO_04_PSE_14
Title
:
Evaluation of Electrical Capacitance Tomography Thresholding
Techniques for Void Fraction Measurement of Gas-liquid System
Authors :
Irene Lock Sow Mei; Idris B Ismail; Bawadi B Abdullah;
Areeba Shafquet
Abstract
An analysis on the void fraction measurement for binary phase gas-liquid dielectric
materials inside an Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) sensor has been performed
on the tomogram images by using different thresholding techniques. The analysis
is pertinent to improve the accuracy of the application of thresholding technique for
void fraction measurements in pipelines and reactors since the currently available
information is limited in terms of accuracy. This preliminary investigation was performed
to evaluate the accuracy of three different thresholding algorithms: Otsu’s, Ni black’s
and Kuo’s Method based on the void fraction measurement for a binary phase oil-air
system. The experimental and image processing analysis enables one to determine the
optimal threshold method by selecting the threshold algorithm which produces the
highest accuracy and consistency in the void fraction measurement as compared to the
actual value.
Paper ID :
MO_04_PSE_15
Title
:
Modelling of CO2 Loading in DEA by Using peak Ratio of Raman
Spectroscopy
Authors :
MZ Shahid; Abdulhalim Shah Maulud; M Azmi Bustam
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing has been an important issue for decades. Alkanoamines,
such as diethanolamine (DEA) have been widely used for CO2 separation by absorption
process. During this process, CO2 loading measurement is an imperative action for a
proper process control. Currently used methods are titration based which requires a
long processing time. In this work Raman spectroscopy is used to model and predict the
CO2 loading in wide range (0-0.97 CO2 mole/amine mole). The models are developed
by using Raman peak ratios to minimize the error due to peaks fluctuations. The Raman
peak ratio of 1022 cm-1/1461cm-1 has been found as a good fit with the coefficient of
determination (R2) of 0.92 and mean squared error (MSE) of 0.00656 CO2 mole2/ amine
mole2 in prediction of CO2 loading.
68 | page
Paper ID :
MO_04_PSE_16
Title
:
Economic Optimization of CO2 Capture Process Using MEA-MDEA
Mixtures
Authors :
Ruth Yong; Abdul Halim Shah Maulud; Humbul Suleman
Abstract
Amine based solvents are extensively being used for post combustion carbon capture
through absorption. Each solvent has its associated benefits and drawbacks. In order to
overcome their drawbacks, a number of mixed amine streams have been used. However,
this amalgamation step is usually overshadowed by process optimization issues and cost
limitations. In this study, Monoethanolamine (MEA) – Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) is
used as the mixed amine-based solvent for removal of carbon dioxide. A simulation model
of CO2 removal is developed using Aspen HYSIS to optimize the process. Subsequently,
an economic analysis is constructed to evaluate the operating expenditure (OPEX) and
capital expenditure (CAPEX) based on the simulation model, followed by sensitivity
analysis. It is found that 25 wt% MDEA and 15 wt% MEA is the optimal operating
condition that achieve the minimal total cost. Sensitivity analysis reveals that utilities
cost affects the total cost significantly, followed by CAPEX. However, the effect of raw
material costs on total cost is negligible.
Paper ID :
MO_04_PSE_17
Title
:
Effect of Nanofillers on the Spreading Behavior of Biopolymer
Materials on Urea Surface
Authors :
Yon Norasyikin Samsudin; Nurul Izzaty Zulkefely; Sohibatul Muizzah
Mohamad Izhar; KuZilati KuShaari
Abstract
This paper presented new approach where a new modified biopolymer reinforced
with bentonite nanoclay is developed and used as the coating material for controlledrelease fertilizer. Good wettability properties between coating material and urea surface
is necessary to provide uniformity during the coating process of controlled release
fertilizer. Seven different blending ratio of modified biopolymer solutions are prepared
and evaluated for their wettability properties. The wettability properties measured
include the surface tension, contact angle and maximum spreading diameter. Optical
Contact Angle device comes with a Charged-Coupled Device (CCD) camera was used
to capture every single image of the droplet impact behavior. From the analysis, it is
proven that with addition of 2% nanoclay filler reinforced into modified biopolymer with
blending ratio of 50/15/2.5/7.5 has the best wettability properties and provides better
spreading behavior.
page
| 69
Paper ID :
MO_04_PSE_18
Title
:
Flow Dynamics Investigation of CO2/CH4 Gas Mixture through
Porous Media Using Computational Approach
Authors :
Ali Qasim; M. Zamri Abdullah; K.K Lau; Nor Adilla
Abstract
The following study involves the investigation of hydrodynamics inside the packed column
both at laboratory scale which is HPVA high pressure adsorption analyzer chamber and
pilot scale. The simulations are performed in ANSYS FLUENT14. Velocity variation due to
porous media along with the pressure gradient for different adsorbent particle sizes and
varying flow rates are obtained and compared for both the scales. Simulation is based
on the criterion which identifies the emergence of non-Darcy flow.
Paper ID :
MO_04_ENV_13
Title
:
Adsorptive Removal of Ni2+ from Aqueous Solution onto Rice Husk
Based Activated Carbon
Authors :
Mohd F. Taha; Anis Suhaila Shuib; Maizatul S. Shaharun; Azry Borhan
Abstract
The potential of rice husk-based activated carbon (RHAC) as an alternative low-cost
adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution was studied. RHAC was
prepared via chemical treatment using NaOH followed by the carbonization process.
The textural properties of rice husk-based activated carbon, i.e. surface area (253 m2/g)
and pore volume (0.17 cm2/g), were determined by N2 adsorption. The adsorption
studies to remove Ni2+ from aqueous solution using RHAC were carried out at a fixed
initial concentration of Ni2+ (150 ppm) with varying RHAC as a function of contact time
at room temperature. The concentration of Ni2+ was determined by atomic absorption
spectrophotometer (AAS). The maximum removal of Ni2+ was increased from 40% to
89% when the amount of RHAC was increased from 0.1 g to 0.5 g. The isotherm and
kinetic analyses showed that equilibrium data of adsorption studies fitted well Langmuir,
Freundlich and second order kinetic models.
70 | page
Paper ID :
MO_04_ENV_14
Title
:
Extractive Desulphurization of Model Oil Using Sulphonium Based
Ionic Liquids
Authors :
Kallidanthiyil Chellappan Lethesh; Nurul Hidayah Binti Hasnan;
M. I. Abdul Mutalib
Abstract
Synthesis of a novel class of cyclic sulphonium based ionic liquids wasperformed. The
ionic liquids were characterized using 1H NMR spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and
CHNS elemental analysis. The physicochemical properties of the ionic liquids such as
density viscosity and thermal decomposition temperature of the synthesized ionic liquids
were determined.The potential of these ionic liquids for the extractive desulphurization
of model oil was investigated.
Paper ID :
MO_04_ENV_15
Title
:
Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on Malaysian Coals for
Potential Sequestration
Authors :
Mustafa Abunowara; Usama Eldemerdash; Mariyamni Awang;
Hassan Mady
Abstract
Adsorption experiments of carbon dioxide (CO2) were conducted on two coal samples
from Sungai Buloh and Silantek mines in Malaysia. A fixed bed adsorption unit was
used to determine CO2 adsorption capacity of the coal samples. The experiments were
conducted at different pressure ranges (5-40 bar) and temperature at 25 °C. The CO2
adsorption capacity of Silantek coal sample showed adsorption capacity of 4.178 mmol/g
at 40 bars and 25°C, which is higher than Sungai Buloh sample. Different adsorption
isotherms were employed to examine the experimental results, Langmuir isotherm of
Silantek coal sample illustrated better correlation than Freundlich isotherm for the same
sample. In contrary, Freundlich isotherm of Sungai Buloh coal sample illustrated better
fitting than Longmuir isotherm correlation for the same sample. This is related to the
coal rank and moisture content and ash content.
page
| 71
Paper ID :
MO_04_ENV_16
Title
:
Continuous Heavy Metal Removal from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using
Natural Ceiba Pentandra Packed-bed Column
Authors :
Muhammad Afzaal; Balasubramanian Periyasamy;
Abstract
Packed bed column studies were carried out to evaluate the performance of natural
Ceiba pentandra (L). Gaertn. (kapok) for the heavy metal removal from Palm Oil Mill
Effluent (POME) under varying flow rate (5-10 ml/min) and packing density (0.04-0.08 g/
cm3). A multilevel factorial design based on packing density and flow rate of the influent
was developed. Maximum metal reductions for Fe, Mn and Zn were 2.06 ppm, 0.081
ppm, and 0.064 ppm respectively obtained at 0.08 g/cm3 packing density and 5 ml/min
flow rate. The results suggest the suitability of raw kapok fiber for low-cost removal of
heavy metals.
Paper ID :
MO_04_ENV_17
Title
:
Chitosan-Grafted Nanocellulose Derived from Empty Fruit Bunch
for Ethyl Orange Removal
Authors :
Nurul Jannah Arsad; Norzita Ngadi
Abstract
A new grafted flocculant derived from chitosan and naocellulose was synthesized in this
study via microwave-initiated method. Nanofibrils cellulose was extracted from empty
fruit bunch (EFB) using acid hydrolysis. The nanocellulose, chitosan and grafted flocculant
were characterized using FTIR, TEM, FESEM and elemental analysis. FTIR, FESEM and
elemental analysis confirmed that the chitosan was grafted onto nanocellulose. The
performance of the grafted flocculant was tested on removal of ethyl orange dye. It
revealed that grafted flocculant was more effective compared to either nanocellulose or
chitosan on the reduction of ethyl orange dye concentration.
72 | page
Paper ID :
MO_04_ENV_18
Title
:
Adhesion of Geopolymers to Steel as a Coating Material- Effect of
Na/Al and Si/Al Ratio on Adhesion Strength
Authors :
M. Irfan Khan; Khairun Azizli; Suriati Sufian
Abstract
Geopolymer based coating material is considered as better fire resistant inorganic
alternative to conventional petrochemical based coating. In this study fly ash based
aluminosilicate coatings were formulated and the effect of the Na/Al and Si/Al ratios,
and curing time upon adhesion strength of geopolymeric coating was measured using
Elcometer 108. Geopolymer gained their maximum adhesion within first three days.
After 3 days curing on 60 oC resulted into a maximum adhesion strength of 10MPa at Si/
Al=3 and Na/Al=1.0. FESEM and FTIR analysis shown that geopolymerisation process was
incomplete in samples that have not adhered properly. Surface profile of Fly ash Particles
shown that degree of reactivity has a direct relation with their surface roughness.
Paper ID :
MO_04_RXN_01
Title
:
Reaction Engineering of Microchannel Catalytic Reactors for
Green Process
Authors :
Tomohiko Tagawa
Abstract
It is essential to introduce green sustainable chemical process into developing countries.
Use of microchannel reactors is one of the future solutions. Especially, application of
multiphase catalytic system should be studied in the reaction engineering view point.
Examples of application of catalysts to microchannel reactors were introduced such as:
Use of phase transfer catalysts in multi phase parallel flow reactors, Use of phase transfer
catalysts with the aid of ultrasonic irradiation in multiphase slug flow capillary reactors
and Preparation of gas phase tube wall type catalytic reactors which were evaluated
with microscopic FT-IR and UV spectrometer.
page
| 73
Paper ID :
MO_04_RXN_03
Title
:
Conversion of Inedible Biomass Wastes as Alternative Petroleum
related Chemicals Using Iron Oxide Catalysts
Authors :
Takao Masuda; Teruoki Tago; Takuya Yoshikawa
Abstract
We developed iron-oxide catalysts for producing petroleum-related chemicals from
inedible biomass wastes containing water by oxidative cracking. These catalysts
composed basically of iron-oxide and zirconia. The usefulness of the catalysts was
examined by the reactions of several inedible biomass wastes, such as palm waste,
livestock excreta, fermentation residue, raw glycerin, raw bioethanol and lignin. It was
found that ketones, mainly acetone, were produced from palm waste, livestock excreta,
fermentation residue and raw bioethanol at high yields. Phenol was obtained from palm
waste. In the case of raw glycerin, even if high contents of alkali, allyl-alcohol, propene
and acetone were successfully produced. Furthermore, phenols could be recovered
from lignin.
Paper ID :
MO_04_RXN_04
Title
:
Development of Membrane Reformer System for Hydrogen
Production from Natural Gas
Authors :
Hideto Kurokawa; Takaya Iseki; Hisataka Yakab
Abstract
An advanced membrane reformer system for hydrogen production from natural gas has
been developed and demonstrated its long-term durability. A pilot-scale membrane
reformer system, of which capacity is 40 Nm3/h, has been developed with membrane
reactors consist of Pd-based thin hydrogen separation membranes and reforming
catalyst beds. The system, which has already archived a significant hydrogen production
efficiency of 81.4% (HHV), has been operated for 8000 h and demonstrated its durability.
A scale up analysis was also carried out for the purpose of estimating the efficiency
of a commercial-scale system with a capacity of 300 Nm3/h using a process simulator
and actual operation data obtained from the pilot system. The hydrogen production
efficiency of the 300 Nm3/h systems was estimated to be 82.9% (HHV).
74 | page
Paper ID :
MO_04_RXN_05
Title
:
Kinetic Analysis on Catalytic Co-Gasification of Rubber Seed Shell
and High Density Polyethylene Mixtures
Authors :
Bridgid Chin; Suzana Yusup; Ahmed Al Shoaibi; Pravin Kannan;
Chandrasekar; Srinivasakannan Shaharin Anwar; Shaharin Sulaiman
Abstract
In this paper, the catalytic co-gasification of rubber seed shell and high density
polyethylene mixtures (0.2:0.8 weight ratio of HDPE:RSS) are investigated using a nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) system in a range of heating rates of 10,
20, 30 and 50 K/min within the temperature range of 323-1173 K. The argon gas is
supplied at a flowrate of 100 ml/min and the steam is generated from superheater at
383 K. The steam is injected at flowrate of 300 microlitre/hour into the TGA system.
A commercial Nickel powder is used as the catalyst for the gasification process. The
thermal decomposition behavior and synergistic effect of the HDPE/RSS mixture are
investigated. The activation energy, EA and pre-exponential factor, A are determined
based on one step integral method.
page
| 75
Paper ID :
MO_04_RXN_06
Title
:
Application of Minute-Bubble Technique to Reactive Crystallization
of Hydroxyapatite
Authors :
Yoshinari Wada
Abstract
Minimizing bubble formation in gas-liquid system helps achieve the following: i)
acceleration of mass transfer and reactive absorption with an increase in the gas-liquid
interfacial area, ii) increase in the average residence time of the bubbles with a decrease
in buoyancy, and iii) occurrence of interactions at the gas-liquid interface1,2). Thus, by
increasing the residence time of bubbles in the liquid phase, a quasi-homogeneous gasliquid system can be obtained. Furthermore, attention is focused around minute-bubble
interface which is higher concentration field compared with bulk liquid, an increase in
the yield of main product can be achieved by the variations in the local supersaturation,
which acts as the driving force for crystallization. In this study, applications of new
reaction fields around NH3/N2/CO2 minute-bubbles to reactive crystallization of
hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2, HAP) were examined. By taking advantage of the
fact having the same chemical composition as the teeth and bones of the human body,
HAP has been used in medical materials such as artificial bone and teeth. HAP contains
calcium, phosphate and hydroxyl group in the structure, and the yield of HAP depends
mainly on the operational conditions such as solution pH, feed rate of reactants, solution
composition and concentration of additives. These operating parameters are interacted
on each other in a crystallization process. Here, we developed a new HAP crystallization
system in which NH3/N2/CO2 minute-bubbles and phosphoric acid solution are
continuously supplied through separate line into the solution containing calcium ions.
Paper ID :
MO_04_RXN_07
Title
:
Influence of Orifice Shape on Reaction Rate by Hydrodynamic
Cavitation
Authors :
Keiji Yasuda; Toa Kaji; Zheng Xu
Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation is expected to apply to the decomposition of chemicals and the
disinfection in wastewater. In this study, the effects of upstream pressure, hole diameter
and shape of orifice plate on the reaction rate of I3- formation were investigated. The
reaction rate increases with increasing upstream pressure of orifice plate. The reaction
rates have maximum values, when hole diameters of orifice plate are 2.7 mm at the
upstream pressure of 0.9 MPa gauge and 3.0 mm at 0.7 MPa gauge. The reaction rate
increases in the order of triangle < square < hexagon < circle shaped hole of orifice plate
at the same hole area.
76 | page
Paper ID :
MO_04_AMD_13
Title
:
Study of CO2 Solubility in Aqueous Blend of Potassium Carbonate
Promoted with Glycine
Authors :
Mohammad Shuaib Shaikh; Azmi Mohd Shariff; Mohamad Azmi
Bustam @ Khalil; Ghulam Murshid
Abstract
CO2 solubility in aqueous potassium carbonate promoted with amino acid (glycine) was
measured at temperatures (303.15, 313.15, and 333.15) K over the partial pressure
range from 200 to 1000 kPa. The solubility of CO2 is reported as the loading capacity
of the CO2 in the solvent, defined as (moles of CO2 per mole of solvent). It was found
that the loading capacity of the CO2 increases by increasing the partial pressure of the
CO2, whereas, it reduces with increase in temperature. CO2 loading capacity in aqueous
potassium carbonate (PC) promoted with glycine (GLY) was also compared with different
solvents, which shows that the new solvent blend is considerably better than various
solvents.
Paper ID :
MO_04_AMD_14
Title
:
Sol Gel Synthesized Nanosilica as Photoanode Material for Dye
Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) System
Authors :
Stephanie Lau; Coswald Sipaut; Jedol Dayou; Rachel Mansa
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been extensively studied due to their promising
potential for high efficiency, low production cost and eco-friendly production. The
photoanode of DSSCs is traditionally composed of randomly packed TiO2 nanoparticles
which have large specific surface area and suitable band gap (3.2 eV) for the effective
injection of electrons from the dye molecules to the semiconductor. However, its high
surface charge recombination rate accounts for its low efficiency. Alternatively, silica
which is chemically inert, thermally stable, high surface area, and inexpensive can be used
to substitute TiO2 as photoanode material. However, bulk silica has a wide band gap of
8.9 eV and its band gap need to be narrowed in order to use it as photoanode materials.
Thus, in this study, the effect of nanosilica photoanode and its particle size on the band
gap and performance of dye sensitized solar cell are investigated and characterized. The
result is then compared with the fumed silica and conventional TiO2 DSSCs. The results
showed that performance of silica still very low compared to TiO2 DSSCs. Nevertheless,
this is an interesting study as the fabrication of low cost and environmental friendly solar
cell can be achieved through the use of nanosilica photoanode.
page
| 77
Paper ID :
MO_04_AMD_15
Title
:
The Effects of Glass Bubbles, Clay, Xanthan Gum and Starch
Concentrations on the Density of Lightweight Biopolymer Drilling
Fluid
Authors :
Lim Symm Nee; Badrul Mohamed Jan; Brahim Si Ali; Ishenny Noor
Abstract
It is an open secret that currently oil and gas industry is focusing on increasing
hydrocarbon production through underbalanced drilling (UBD) and finding ways to
ensure the drilling process is less harmful to the environment. Water-based biopolymer
drilling fluids are preferred compared to oil based drilling fluids owing to the fact that it
causes less pollution to the environment. This paper investigates the effects of varying
concentrations of environmentally safe raw materials, namely glass bubbles, clay,
xanthan gum and starch concentrations on the density of the formulated biopolymer
drilling fluid to ensure that it is suitable for UBD. As material concentrations were varied,
the density for each sample was measured at ambient temperature and pressure.
Results showed that the final fluid densities are within acceptable values for UBD (6.78
to 6.86 lb/gal). It is concluded that the formulated water-based biopolymer drilling fluid
is suitable to be used in UBD operation.
Paper ID :
MO_04_AMD_16
Title
:
Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Activated Carbon
Composite Bead Form
Authors :
Maimoon Sattar; Fareeda Hayeeye; Watchanida Chinpa;
Orawan Sirichote
Abstract
Polysulfone/Activated Carbon (PSF/AC) composites in bead form were prepared for
Rhodamine B sorption. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that pure PSF
bead is smooth surface while PSF/AC bead presents the pore distribution. FT-IR spectra
indicate the existence of AC on the PSF/AC bead surface. Under adsorption test of
Rhodamine B, it was found that an increase in the AC content in PSF solution results
in an increase in the percentages of dye adsorption from 1.38% to 71.56% for pure PSF
bead and PSF/AC added with 4 wt% of AC, respectively.
78 | page
Paper ID :
MO_04_AMD_17
Title
:
Starch Biodegradation in a Lignin Modified Slow Release Fertilizer:
Effect of Thickness
Authors :
Zahid Majeed; Nur Kamila Ramli; Nurlidia Mansor; Zakaria Man
Abstract
Biopolymers and their modified blends are naturally biodegradable materials being
intensively used in control nutrient release formulations. Material biodegradability
varies with thickness which further effect natural decay when applied in soil. Preliminary
study was conducted for a urea-nitrogen incorporated slow release fertilizer (SRF)
prepared with 0.27mm, 0.54 mm and 1.03 mm thickness. The starch biodegradation was
decreased with increased in thickness both in non-sterile flooded soil (NSF) and sterile
flooded soil (SF). NSF soil data was corrected with SF soil (as control) showed improved
exponential decay constant and half-life estimates compared to NSF soil only. Study
concludes that SRF thickness is important parameter increases half-life and reduces
starch biodegradability in SRF.
Paper ID :
MO_04_AMD_18
Title
:
Electron-Beam Irradiation of Halogen Free Flame Retardant Polymers
for Wire and Cable Applications
Authors :
Maziyar Sabet
Abstract
Effect of addition different polymers and fillers with electron beam irradiation on
changes of physical, electrical and flammability properties of low density polyethylene
(LDPE)/trimethylol propane trimethylacrylate (TMPTMA)/Irganox/ zinc borate (ZB)
have been investigated. Results of measured gel content (GC), tensile strength (TS),
elongation at break (EL), hot set (HS) tests, melt index (MFI), dielectric strength (DS),
volume resistivity (VR), flammability and limiting oxygen index (LOI) have confirmed
positive effects of adding maleic anhydride grafted LDPE (LDPEgMAH), ethylene vinyl
acetate (EVA) and CS whereas effect of ATH to blends drastically had negative effects on
improvement of physical properties of blends. Meanwhile, presence of TMPTMA and
enhancing irradiation could improve properties seriously.
page
| 79
Paper ID :
MO_05_PSE_19
Title
:
Study of the Effect of Surface Roughness on Droplet Spreading
Behavior Using CFD Modeling
Authors :
Mohd Syaifullah Bin Ramli; Abdul Basit; KuZilati KuShaari;
Lau Kok Keong
Abstract
Water droplet spreading has been simulated at impact velocity of 3.0 m/s, 1.5 m/s and
0.5 m/s on surfaces with texture of ‘triangle’, ‘square’, ‘curve’ as well as smooth surface
of aluminum. Higher impact velocity induced the droplet to spread faster and has a
bigger diameter. At high impact velocity, spreading factor cannot be determined due to
splashing and droplet break ups. In addition, at 1.5 m/s the phenomenon of splashing
was found to be almost absent except on the surface with ‘square’ texture. ‘Square’
surface tends to splash earlier compared to other surfaces and is followed by ‘triangle’,
‘curve’ and smooth surface. At low impact velocity, the smooth surface has the highest
spreading factor and followed by ‘triangle’, ‘square’ and ‘curve’ surface.
Paper ID :
MO_05_PSE_20
Title
:
An Investigation into the Need of Process Safety Management (PSM)
in the Palm Oil Industry
Authors :
Hamidah Kamarden; Kamarizan Kidam; Haslenda Hashim;
Onn Hassan
Abstract
Palm oil industry (POI) is one of the major industries in Malaysia that contribute more
than half of the Malaysia’s export value. Hence, the development of the industry also
includes the well-being of the workers in the industry. As a consequence, the POI must
adhere to several laws that provide protection for the workers’ safety and health such
as OSHA 1994 and availability of guidelines to safety and health management such as
OHSAS 18001. However, in terms of process safety, the POI is way lacking behind despite
several incidents that show that POI as well is susceptible to process failures that lead
to disastrous accidents. Process safety management has been successfully implemented
in the chemical process industry (CPI) which is driven by the fact that the process is
high risk with the utilization of hazardous materials and likelihood of fire and explosion.
Hence, by comparison, it is found that these two industries has some similarity in terms
of hazards, however the risk is found to be lower in the POI as compared to the CPI
mainly because of the more hazardous materials that are involved in the CPI.
80 | page
Paper ID :
MO_05_PSE_21
Title
:
Identification of Multi-Input Multi-Output Systems Using Combined
Direct and Indirect Methods
Authors :
A. Faisal; M. Ramasamy; M. Shuhaimi; M. Rahim
Abstract
Successful deployment of cooperative decentralized model predicative control needs
reasonably accurate subsystem interactions models. Processes in which open-loop tests
are not permitted, closed-loop identification of subsystems interactions is crucial. An
approach that combines the direct and indirect methods of closed-loop identification
is proposed in this paper. It is shown that full dynamics of MIMO systems can be
determined following a two-steps identification procedure. A representative case study
is used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Paper ID :
MO_05_PSE_22
Title
:
Compliance of Hot Work Permit to Process Safety Management
(PSM) Regulation
Authors :
Noor Diana A Majid; Azmi M Shariff; Nurul Azzah M Zaki
Abstract
Work permit is something not to take lightly because it involved non-routine work such
as hot work which failure to comply with the work permit procedures could resulted in
large-scale loss of life and/or property. Investigations by Chemical Safety Board (CSB)
have reported 60 fatal hot work accidents in about 20 years in the USA though hot work
permits were issued for all operations. No matter how simple the procedure and work
permit forms are, it is the strict application of the procedures and practices associated
with the assessment of risk and application of permit to work conditions that ensures
work can be done safely. A model for hot work permit that is incompliance with the
Process Safety Management (PSM) regulations requirements is introduced that includes
necessary fire preventive actions to be taken. In addition, a few existing hot work
permits were studied to verify this model. It was found that the model required more
information to safeguard an effective hot work permit system and better compliance
with the PSM regulation. In addition, the model is also more precise, adaptable, userfriendly and easier to comprehend. As a conclusion, the model created could improve
the conventional hot work permitting system. To ensure that the permit is more strict
and effective hot work permitting system, a more sophisticated coding and software
could be further expanded.
page
| 81
Paper ID :
MO_05_PSE_23
Title
:
A Comparison Study Between Integrated Obfarx-Nn And Obf-Nn For
Modeling Of Nonlinear Systems In Extended Regions Of Operation
Authors :
H Zabiri; M Ariff; L D Tufa; M Ramasamy
Abstract
In this paper the combination of linear and nonlinear models in parallel for nonlinear
system identification is investigated. A residuals-based sequential identification algorithm
using parallel integration of linear Orthornormal basis filters-Auto regressive with
exogenous input (OBFARX) and a nonlinear neural network (NN) models is developed.
The model performance is then compared against previously developed parallel OBF-NN
model in a nonlinear CSTR case study in extended regions of operation (i.e. extrapolation
capability).
Paper ID :
MO_05_PSE_24
Title
:
Comparison of Image Processing Methods for the Detection of
Particle from Digital Hologram
Authors :
Taslima Khanam; A M Mabrur Ahmed Rashedi; Sujan Chowdhury;
Anand K. Asundi
Abstract
Two image processing methods for the detection of particle based on digital holography
are presented and compared. The image processing methods are developed based
on edge detection and threshold based segmentation. The proposed methods have
been applied on reconstructed images of holograms of ceramic beads and certified
microspheres. Particle size distribution obtained for both methods are found to be in
good agreement with the actual size, but the processing speed for threshold based
detection has found to be faster in compared to the edge detection method.
Paper ID :
MO_05_ENV_19
Title
:
Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Flocculant Kenaf Based
Authors :
Siti Fatimah Mohamed Razak; Norzita Ngadi
Abstract
A novel hybrid flocculant of acrylamide and cellulose was synthesized by using microwave
irradiation method. Cellulose was extracted from kenaf by using TAPPI method. 57.4%
of percentage grafting and efficiency has been obtained from the grafting process. The
hybrid flocculant properties were characterized by using FTIR spectroscopy, FESEM and
elemental analysis. Additional peaks that appear in FTIR result, presence of nitrogen
in elemental analysis and granular structure of PAM attached in fibrillar structure of
cellulose proved that PAM was successfully grafted onto cellulose backbone.
82 | page
Paper ID :
MO_05_ENV_20
Title
:
pH Dependence on Biosorption of Pb (II) by P. amaryllifolius Roxb
Authors :
Mohd Zamri Abdullah; Suriati Sufian; Farah Hanim Abdul Hamid
Abstract
Solution pH plays an important criterion in the biosorption system in ensuring optimum
uptake of heavy metal by a biomass is achieved at the highest performance. In this
study, the biosorption of lead (II) ions by the non-living biomass of P. amaryllifolius Roxb
is performed at various pH from acidic to alkaline conditions. Results show that the
optimum pH for the removal of lead (II) ions from wastewater occurs at pH 5, whereby
the sorption activity occurs through monolayer process as it follows the Langmuir
isotherm. High removal percentage of the metal ions at various concentrations further
emphasize on the viability of P. amaryllifolius Roxb to be utilized as a green resources in
the wastewater treatment.
Paper ID :
MO_05_ENV_21
Title
:
Recent Advancements on Superabsorbent Polymers to Produce
Controlled Release Urea (Short Review)
Authors :
Babar Azeem; KuZilati KuShaari; Zakaria Man; Duvvuri Subbarao
Abstract
Controlled release urea (CRU) is produced to avoid nitrogen losses caused by volatilization,
leaching and denitrification. Superabsorbent polymer materials have recently caught
the attention of research circles to be used as coating materials to produce CRU. This
review portrays recent advancements on the use of superabsorbent polymer materials
to produce CRU with special focus on release experiments.
page
| 83
Paper ID :
MO_05_ENV_22
Title
:
Removal of Amines from Wastewater Using Membrane Separation
Processes
Authors :
Ma Umaira Suhaddha Zainal Abidin; Hilmi Mukhtar; Maizatul Shima
Shaharun
Abstract
Natural gas is one of the energy sources in the world. It consists of predominantly
methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), propane (C3H8) butane (C4H10), pentane
(C5H12) and some impurities particularly hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide
(CO2) that need to be treated prior utilized. Amine solution such as diisopropanolamine
(DIPA) is used to remove the CO2 and H2S in natural gas processing. However a small
amount of amines losses in some unit operations causing amines discharged into the
effluent wastewater. The objective of this study are to investigate the flux of water and
permeate, and rejection of DIPA solution across reverse osmosis, nanofiltration and
ultrafiltration membrane which known as AFC99, AFC40 and CA202 respectively. This
paper studies the effect of cross-flow velocity on permeate flux and the effect of feed
concentration on observed rejection of DIPA solution across AFC99, AFC40 and CA202
over the operating pressure. The results showed a significant role of cross-flow velocity
on membrane performance from aspect flux obtained and phenomenon of concentration
polarization that would increase the transport resistance of permeate flow. The highest
flux can be achieved by high cross-flow velocity. While for rejection study, rejection of all
membranes increase with increase of pressure yet decrease with concentration.
84 | page
Paper ID :
MO_05_ENV_23
Title
:
Removal of phosphate and fluoride from industrial wastewater
– A Short Review
Authors :
Muhammad Zulfiqar; Abdul Aziz Omar; Sujan Chowdhury
Abstract
Industries producing fertilizers, aluminium, steel, bricks, glass, and semiconductor
discharge several thousand tons of phosphate and fluoride per year into open
atmosphere in the form of wastewater which cause many environmental issues as well
as loss of drinking water. The objective of this review is to select the suitable method
for the removal of phosphate and fluoride from industrial wastewater which is highly
hazardous and acidic in nature. So that treated water can be reuse for agricultural
and industrial purposes. Industries discharge several thousand tons of phosphate and
fluoride per year in the form of wastewater which cause many environmental issues
and loss of drinking water. This review is providing with aimed a precise and accurate
knowledge for the removal of phosphate and fluoride from industrial wastewater. A lot of
technologies are available for the treatment of industrial wastewater treatment including
chemical precipitation, crystallization, ion exchange, adsorption, reverse osmoses and
nanofiltration methods. The selection of most suitable treatment technology is based
on retention time, principle of operation, applications, chemicals and maintenance cost.
page
| 85
Paper ID :
MO_05_AMD_84
Title
:
Development of Morphology Dependent Titania Nanomaterial for
Photodegradation of Dyes
Authors :
Nor Hazwani Amir Hamzah; Sujan Chowdhury; Suriati Sufian;
Abdul Aziz Omar; Abrar Inayat
Abstract
Titania nanomaterial flower structure was synthesized through the ionothermal route
and used for the degradation of Sulfan Blue through the photocatalysis process. The
ionic liquid used is 1-butyl-3-methypyridium dicyanamide ([Bmpm] DCN). The particle
sizes and surface morphology were characterized by field emission scanning electron
microsopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-EmmettTeller (BET). The size of the particles was found to be approximately 33 nm from the
FESEM analysis. The ASAP analysis measured a surface area of 220 m2 g-1 and pore
volume of 0.15 cm3 g-1 for ([Bmpm] DCN). The degradation of binary dye was more
favourable in alkaline solution, with pH 14 while varying the dosage of the commercial
TiO2 from 0.025-0.2 g revealed an increase in the rate of degradation, the optimum
dosage was found to be 0.2 g. As for performance comparison for photodegradation,
three types of titania have been used namely commercial titania (TP), titania nanotube
(TN) and titania flower (TF). Results shown that TF degradation rate is higher compared
to TP and TN.
86 | page
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_08
Title
:
Experimental Study on Heat and Mass Transfer during Fast Pyrolysis
of Biomass Particle
Authors :
T. Irii; S. Murata; K. Tanoue; T. Nishimura; Y. Uemura; M. Taniguchi;
K. Sasauchi
Abstract
Heat and mass transfer during fast pyrolysis of wood biomass in paying attention to
the effects of the setting temperature TS and kind of biomass have been studied
experimentally. From the time courses of the temperature at the center TC of a cornel
particle, there could be two regions due to endothermic decomposition of biomass and
exothermic tar cracking. Between these two regions, the decomposition of biomass could
be completed at about 690 K. The exothermic behavior was observed at TS < 873 K. On
the other hand, the maximum generated gas flow rate Gmax increased dramatically at TS
> 773 K due to both the decomposition of biomass and the decomposition of generated
tar. From the time courses of the temperature at the center TC of the fragment of perm
kernel shell (PKS), the exothermic behavior was only observed. The maximum difference
between the TC and the ambient temperature TA at the exothermic region was higher
than that for the cornel particle. From the fact, the maximum gas flow rate was larger
than that for the cornel particle.
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_10
Title
:
Effects of the Heat Carrier’s Temperature and Particle Size on the
Pyrolysis of Imperata Cylindrica in a Transported Bed Reactor
Authors :
Mohd Fadhzir Ahmad; Kamaroddin Tuan Amran Tuan;
Abdullah Ramli Mat; NorAishah Saidina Amin
Abstract
The pyrolysis of Imperata Cylindrica in a transported bed reactor has been carried out
using sand as heat carrier. This study is to determine the significant effect of the pyrolysis
process condition for heat carrier temperature and particle size on the liquid yield and
bio oil properties. Physical and chemical properties of bio-oil such as the water content,
pH, viscosity and density were determined. The results showed that the heat carrier’s
temperature highly affected the liquid product, yielding 2.30 to 11.89 wt% in increasing
the temperature from 450 to 600°C. The yield increased with larger particle size with
0.375 mm diameter gives maximum yield of 11.88 wt% (600°C) but decreased gradually
until 0.650 mm diameter afterwards.
page
| 87
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_11
Title
:
Hydrogen Production by Methane Dry Reforming on Supported
Nickel Catalysts - Enhanced Stability of the Reforming Process
Authors :
Satoru Nishiyama; Akiyuki Nakajima1, Keita Taniya; Yuki, Kitano;
Yuichi Ichihashi1
Abstract
Dry reforming reaction of CH4 by CO2 was carried out over alumina-supported Ni
catalysts. Main products were H2 and CO with small amount of H2O by-production
because of reverse water gas shift reaction. The activity was gradually decreased with
time on stream by carbon deposition. The addition of Ce component was investigated
to improve the catalyst stability. The Ce addition brought decrease of carbon deposition
during the reaction. The role of Ce has been considered that an inactive coke formation
is significantly suppressed.
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_12
Title
:
Spontaneous Ignition Behavior of Nitrocellulose–Sulfuric Acid
Mixtures
Authors :
Katsumi Katoh; Eiko Higashi; Tei Saburi; Shunsuke Ito; Yuji Wada;
Shuhei Kawaguchi; Kosuke Kumagae; Mitsuru Arai
Abstract
Nitrocellulose (NC) is known to undergo spontaneous ignition, and its thermal
stability has been previously reported to decrease in the presence of sulfuric acid. In
this investigation, we evaluated the decomposition and ignition behavior of NC in the
presence of sulfuric acid using an accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) and hand-built
equipment. The results of the ARC experiment indicated that the thermal stability of NC
decreased as the amount of sulfuric acid increased above 10-5 mol/g (NC). Additionally,
when NC (4 g) with sulfuric acid (6.6 mol/L, 1 g) was isothermally stored at 75°C within a
glass flask, the color of the reaction mixture changed to brown after prolonged storage
times. After 83-127 min, the NC spontaneously ignited and produced a loud explosion.
88 | page
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_13
Title
:
Effect of Mixing Methods on the Precipitation of Basic Copper
Acetate
Authors :
Ken-Ichiro Sotowa; Takahiro Togawa; Yuika Shimizu; Masashi
Kurashina Toshihide Horikawa; Jesús Rafael Alcántara Avila
Abstract
Basic copper acetate can be obtained by mixing copper acetate with sodium hydroxide
solutions. However, the quality of the resulting crystals is usually poor. An unknown peak
appears in its X-ray diffraction pattern, and moreover, the intensity of the peak varies
from sample to sample. In this study, effect of mixing methods on the quality of the basic
copper acetate crystals was studied. The crystals were synthesized by employing three
different mixing methods, which were batch, semi-batch system, and micromixer. The
intensity of the unknown peak weakened when the semi-batch system was employed.
The results implied that the mixing rate gave strong influence on the quality of the
resulting basic copper acetate crystals.
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_14
Title
:
Effect of Column Height on Mass Transfer Characteristics of
Spray Column
Authors :
Yoshiya Shigenobu; Yukihiko Matsumura; Hiroyuki Kitahara
Abstract
Desiccant dehumidification can reduce energy consumption of air conditioner. Mass
transfer of water from air to the desiccant is critical for its efficiency. In this study, mass
transfer characteristics of spray column, which is to be used as dehumidifier using liquid
desiccant, were experimentally studied, and some correlations were attempted.
page
| 89
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_15
Title
:
Photocatalytic Degradation with WO3/TiO2 Composite under UV
and Visible Light
Authors :
Masato Ezaki; Wataru Michida; Katsuki Kusakabe
Abstract
Tungsten trioxide and titania composites (WTs) were prepared by acid precipitation
following sol-gel method. The photocatalytic activity of WT was evaluated by the
photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV and visible light irradiation. Effects
of dispersion state in the WTs with different composition on the photocatalytic activity
were investigated. Highly dispersed agglomerates consisting of monoclinic WO3 and
anatase TiO2 nanoparticles were formed for WT with the atomic fraction, W/(W+Ti),
of 0.5. As a result, the WO3/TiO2 photocatalyst (W/ (W+Ti) = 0.5) showed the highest
photocatalytic activity to the MB degradation under UV and visible light irradiation.
Paper ID :
MO_05_RXN_16
Title
:
Conversion of Biomass-Derived Oxygen-Containing Intermediates
into Chemical Raw Materials with Zeolite
Authors :
Takashi Goshima; Keisuke Ikeda; Kenta Fukudome; Kei Mizuta; Shuji
Mitsuyo;Toshio Tsutsui
Abstract
To establish a new production route of biomass-derived BTX and propylene, the catalytic
conversion of oxygen-containing intermediates which are furfural, levulinic acid, acetic
acid or butyric acid, obtained by hydrothermal reactions of bagasse or fermentation of
molasses was investigated with zeolites, ZSM-5, SAPO-11 and SAPO-34. Levulinic acid
and acetic acid were suitable for generating BTX with ZSM-5. On the other hand, the
butyric acid was valuable for converting to chemical raw materials with ZSM-5. By using
SAPO-11 as the catalyst, butyric acid converted to propylene at high yields. The yield for
propylene was the maximum value 58.8C% at 723K, especially the ratio of propylene to
gaseous hydrocarbon products increased up to 90.4C%.
90 | page
Paper ID :
MO_05_AMD_19
Title
:
Preparation and Quantification of Radioactive Particles for Tracking
Hydrodynamic Behaviour in Multiphase Reactors
Authors :
Mohd Amirul Syafiq Mohd Yunos; Siti Aslina Hussain;
Hamdan Mohammed Yusof; Jaafar Abdullah
Abstract
Radioactive Particle Tracking (RPT) technique has emerged as a potential and versatile
technique, both in terms of richness of information and applicability to a variety of
multiphase flow systems. RPT is not an off-the-shelf technique and thus has to be
developed by the intended user. This paper is intended to present a simple method
and procedure for preparing suitable radioactive particles (Au-198 and Sc-46) irradiated
simultaneously with neutrons using TRIGA Mark II research reactor. These present work
focuses on the performance evaluation of encapsulated gold and scandium particle to
be used as single radioactive particle tracer using qualitative and quantitative neutron
activation analysis (NAA) and X-ray micro computed tomography (micro-CT) scanner
installed at Malaysian Nuclear Agency.
Paper ID :
MO_05_AMD_20
Title
:
Parametric Influence on the Physical Characterizations of Covalent
Organic Framework-1
Authors :
Muhammad Falaq Muhammad Faisal; Ahmad Rafizan Mohamad
Daud; Kamariah Noor Ismail
Abstract
Four samples of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) assigned as S1 to S4 were prepared
by varying the initial mass of 1, 4-benzene diboronic acid (BDBA) used and heating
condition. The samples were physically characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
(BET) surface area analysis and FESEM analysis. The BET surface area value showed an
increasing trend with increasing mass of BDBA used. The highest achievable BET surface
area is recorded by COF-1 (S3) with a value of 107.9 m2/g. The low surface area obtained
is likely due to the distribution of particles with large pore sizes. This is confirmed by the
Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images which correlate well with
the surface area obtained. The presence of dendrites phase within the COF-1 structure
also indicates incomplete formation of a crystalline structure, hence contributed to the
low surface area achieved. It was also found that the use of ramping heating did not
significantly influence the formation of COF-1 crystalline structure which promotes the
surface area.
page
| 91
Paper ID :
MO_05_AMD_21
Title
:
Developments in Mercury Removal from Natural Gas- A Short Review
Authors :
Tauqeer Abbas; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib; Mohamad Azmi
Bustam @ Khalil
Abstract
Almost all hydrocarbons contain mercury up to different levels depending upon the
locality and region. In the case of natural gas and natural gas liquids, it is likely to be
present as elemental mercury. However in crude oil, it may also be present as organometallic and ionic mercury. The presence of mercury in refinery hydrocarbon streams not
only results in detrimental effects, including catalyst poisoning, corrosion, safety issues
but also anthropogenic increase of mercury level in environment which has provoked
the search for environmental friendly techniques to capture the mercury from process
streams. In this paper, the available techniques, current limitations and future prospects
for mercury removal from natural gas are discussed.
Paper ID :
MO_05_AMD_22
Title
:
Zinc Removal from Wastewater using Hydrogel Modified Biochar
Authors :
Lamin Sanyang; W. A. Wan Ab Karim Ghani; Azni Idris;
Mansor Ahmad
Abstract
In this study, hydrogel-(rice husk) biochar composite (HBC-RH) was prepared using
acrylamide (AAm) as monomer, with N.N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker,
ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator and rice husk biochar (RHB). The synthesized
hydrogel-(rice husk) biochar composite was characterized (swelling ratio and Fourier
transform infrared spectroscope) and utilized for the removal of zinc from aqueous
media. The optimum batch experimental conditions for this study were determined by
evaluating the effect of solution pH (4-10), adsorbent dosage (0.167-10 g/L), adsorbate
initial concentration (10-150 mg/L) and contact time (0-48hrs). The infrared spectrum
of HBC-RH manifested significant functional groups (i.e. OH, -CH, COOH, N-H) which
favours zinc ion removal from aqueous solutions. Optimum solution pH value was 8.0.
The increase of HBC-RH dosage from 0.167 to 10 g/L boosted up the removal of Zinc
from 48.30 to 95.32%. Langmuir isotherm best fitted the HBC-RH sorption of Zinc and
the estimated HBC-RH maximum monolayer sorption capacity was 35.75mg/g. The
kinetic data were best described by pseudo second-order. In conclusion, HBC-RH can be
considered a promising hybrid adsorbent for the effective removal of zinc from waste
water.
92 | page
Paper ID :
MO_05_AMD_23
Title
:
Recent Advances of using Ionic Liquid in Lignocellulosic Biomass
Degradation
Authors :
Revie Financie; Muhammad Moniruzzaman; Yoshimitsu Uemura;
Noridah Osman
Abstract
Pretreatment is a very important step for cellulose conversion process. The effectiveness
of the lignocellulosic pretreatment process is one of the key factors to a successful
conversion of the original low-cost material into biofuels or biomaterials. The best
pretreatment method depends on the type of lignocellulosic materials, and its affected
by degree of cellulose polymerization and degree of acetylation of hemicelluloses of the
lignocellulosic materials are the main factors. Therefore, it is desirable to find and develop
the best pretreatment process, which is also friendly for the environment, effective
and efficient for lignocellulosic material conversion of cellulose with minimal structural
alteration. In this current review, pretreatment of lignocellulosic material using ILs is
discussed in order to describe the state of the art of ILs as a pretreatment methodology
for cellulose and lignin separation. The review of ILs assisted by other processes is also
discussed in here and perspectives regarding this topic are given as well.
Paper ID :
MO_05_AMD_24
Title
:
CFD Modeling of a Thin Liquid Film Flow over Horizontal Spinning
Disk
Authors :
Syamsul Rizal Abd Shukor; Nurhazwani Yusoff Azudin; Abdul Latif
Ahmad; Mohd Fadhil Majnis
Abstract
A thin liquid film flow over horizontal spinning disk under influence of centrifugal field is
one of the implementation and method in process intensification. Hydrodynamics study
and development of mechanistic model is strongly desirable to describe this film flow
behaviours. CFD software package, Fluent® 6.3 was used to simulate a multiphase of
volume of fraction (VOF) model of this flow. Then, experiments were carried out in a
spinning disk test rig with variable speed of spinning to compare with CFD simulation.
The result obtained have showed that CFD model for thin liquid film thickness was in
satisfactory agreement with the experimental results with R2 = 0.841 to 0.999.
page
| 93
Paper ID :
MO_06_RXN_17 (Plenary Speaker)
Title
:
Simple Synthesis and Production of Zeolites: Key Materials for Global
Sustainability
Authors :
Prof. Tatsuya Okubo
Abstract
Zeolites play many important roles in energy- and environment-related fields as catalysts,
adsorbents, ion-exchangers and so on. The synthesis of zeolites has been brushed up to
broaden the framework types, and driven the applications. In order to proceed further,
the conventional ideas of the synthesis need to be reconsidered. In this plenary talk, two
examples realized by seed-assisted approaches will be introduced. One is the synthesis
of zeolites without the use of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs). It has been
believed that OSDAs must be employed for the synthesis of some of the zeolites. With
the help of the seed crystals, OSDA- free syntheses of more than ten zeolites have been
achieved, which will result in the simple production of advanced zeolites. The other is
the minute-order synthesis of zeolites. Zeolites have been synthesized by hydrothermal
reaction over several hours or even several days to weeks. By combining fast heating with
seed addition, the synthesis can be achieved within several to several tens of minutes,
and in turn, continuous production of zeolites can be realized. These examples show
that there still remain several feasible routes for the rational synthesis and production
of zeolites.
94 | page
Paper ID :
MO_06_RXN_18
Title
:
Biodiesel Production from the High Free Fatty Acid “Hevea
Brasiliensis” and Fuel Properties Characterization
Authors :
Junaid Faridi; Suzana Yusup; Awais Bokhari; Ruzaimah Nik Mohd
Kamil
Abstract
Energy crises, depletion of fossil fuel reservoirs, environmental pollution, global
warming, green house effect and starvation are becoming very serious problems in
the modern world. Biodiesel is a liquid fuel which can be the best alternative for the
fossil fuels. In this study, non-edible rubber seed oil (RSO) with high free fatty acid (FFA)
content (45%) was used for the production of biodiesel. The process comprises of two
steps, in the first step acid esterification was used to reduce the FFA and in the second
step base transesterification was employed to convert the treated oil into rubber seed
oil methyl esters (RSOMEs). The conversion yield of biodiesel was analyzed using gas
charomatrogphay. The fuel properties were tested using the standard procedure of
ASTM D6751 and EN14214. All the properties were within the ranges of the biodiesel
standards. The result shows that rubber seed oil is a potential non-edible source for
biodiesel production.
Paper ID :
MO_06_RXN_19
Title
:
Biomass Productivity and Lipid Content of Scenedesmus Quadricauda
in Flat Plate Photobioreactor
Authors :
Nguyen Tien Thanh; Lukman Ismail; Yoshimitsu Uemura
Abstract
Biomass yield and lipid content of microalgae are strongly impacted by the growth
conditions. In this work, density of inoculum and aeration rate were investigated by
using flat plate photobioreactor with the microalgal strain Scenedesmus quadricauda(S.
quadricauda) was inhibited by high aeration rate (35, 45, 55, 65, 75 L min-1) and low
density of inoculum (3.5 x 104 cells ml-1 or A688=0.002 AU). The microalgae could grow
well with increasing density of inoculum (2.5 x 106 cells mL-1 or A688=0.15 AU). With the
high density of inoculums after eight day of culturing, the total biomass yield and lipid
contend was obtained with the value 0.4 to 0.45 g L-1 and 11 to 11.7 wt%, respectively,
and the optimum aeration rate in term of saving energy consumption for air supply
was 15 L min-1 with the total biomass yield and lipid content is 0.41 g L-1and 11.5%,
respectively.
page
| 95
Paper ID :
MO_06_RXN_20
Title
:
A Review of Bio-Oil Upgrading by Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation
Authors :
Nga Tran; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Sujan Chowdhury; Anita Ramli
Abstract
Fast pyrolysis is an attractive thermal conversion process to generate the alternative
liquid fuel. However, the bio-oil obtained from biomass pyrolysis has polarity, instability
and low energy density due to contained oxygenated compound. Hydrodeoxygenation
(HDO) process is the most promising route for bio-oil upgrading through oxygen
elimination. Metal catalyst and operating conditions play an important role in HDO
efficiency. A summary of HDO process has been conducted with various metal catalysts,
type of reactors and reaction mechanisms. It also raises some challenges in improving
catalyst efficiency, reducing hydrogen consumption, and effort to understand the HDO
kinetics.
Paper ID :
MO_06_RXN_21
Title
:
Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical
Properties of Ti-Nb-Sn-HA Composites Produced by Powder
Metallurgy
Authors :
Wan Nurul Syaza Wan Nawai; Norhanida Awang Kasani; Razif Nordin;
Zainal Ariffin Ahmad; Saidatulakmar Shamsuddin
Abstract
The influence of difference sintering temperature: 900 °C, 1000°C, 1100°C, 1200°C and
1300°C on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a biomedical Ti-35Nb2.5Sn-15HA (wt.%) composite was investigated with regard to densification, porosity
and hardness. Ti composite process was performed on elemental metal powders by
blend the powder mixture at a rotating speed of 200 rpm mixing for 10 min and then
sintered with difference temperature. The composites produced were then subjected
to the following test: densification, Vickers micro hardness, microstructure by using
SEM and X-ray diffraction analysis. Result indicated that the densification and Vickers
micro hardness shown a decrease trend with the increasing of temperature due to the
increasing trend of porosity up to 73%.
96 | page
Paper ID :
MO_07_AMD_58
Title
:
Phase Behavior and Ternary Diagram Construction for Membrane
Forming Polycarbonate Solutions
Authors :
Alamin Idris; Zakaria B Man; Abdul Halim Shah Maulud; Sina Gilassi
Abstract
Cloud points at different polymer concentrations were obtained by the simple titration
method and compared with the numerically calculated theoretical binodal curves for
Polycarbonate/Dimethylacetamide/Water (PC/DMAc/Water) and Polycarbonate/
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone/Water (PC/NMP/Water). The interaction parameters for
solvent polymer and nonsolvent polymer were obtained from Hansen’s solubility
parameters. The cloud points determined were found to be in close agreement with
the theoretical binodal curve calculated. Coagulation values for different solvents
such as Dichloromethane (DCM), Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
(NMP) and Tetrahydrofuran (THF) were also determined and the results were plotted
in a ternary diagram to realize the effect of interaction parameters on the coagulation
values. The higher the mutual affinity of solvent to polymer (low χ23), the faster is the
liquid-liquid demixing rate to occur. For DCM solvent, fastest demixing rate was exhibited
and lowest for the THF.
Paper ID :
MO_07_AMD_59
Title
:
Effect of Ultrasonic Pre-treatment Durations on the formation of
Zeolite-T
Authors :
Izzati Binti Mohamad Abdul Wahab; Yeong Yin Fong
Abstract
In the present work, the lengthy synthesis duration of zeolite-T was successfully reduced
by inducing the ultrasonic pre-treatment method prior to hydrothermal growth. The effect
of ultrasonic pre-treatment durations on the formation of zeolite-T was investigated.
The structure and morphology of the resultant samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD
and FESEM. As verified by FTIR, samples produced using synthesis durations of 5, 4, 3
and 2 days with ultrasonic pretreatment durations of 60 min and 90 min, respectively,
demonstrated zeolite-T structure. One day synthesis duration was not sufficient for the
formation of zeolite-T. From the results obtained by XRD and FESEM, it was found that
samples underwent 60 min ultrasonic pre-treatment produced zeolite-T with higher
crystallinity, while no significant changes on the morphology of the resultant zeolite-T
synthesized using ultrasonic pre-treatment durations of 60 min and 90 min.
page
| 97
Paper ID :
MO_07_AMD_60
Title
:
Synthesis and Characterization of ZIF-8 Mixed Matrix Membranes
Authors :
Chen Chuang Lok; Yin Fong Yeong
Abstract
In the present work, ZIF-8/6FDA-durene mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were
synthesized and characterized. ZIF-8 nanocrystals, which were used as the inorganic
filler, were synthesized using rapid room-temperature synthesis method whereas 6FDAdurene polyimide was synthesized by polycondensation method followed by chemical
imidization. Pure and 6FDA-durene membranes loaded with 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 15 wt%
of ZIF-8 were fabricated. The structural properties and morphology of the resultant
membranes were characterized by using X-ray iffraction (XRD) and Field emission
scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The EDX images showed that ZIF-8 particles
agglomerated in the polymer matrix. However, no phase separation was observed for
all resultant MMMs.
Paper ID :
MO_07_AMD_61
Title
:
A Review on Glassy Polymeric Membranes for Gas Separation
Authors :
Marjan Farnam; Hilmi Mukhtar; Azmi Mohd ShariffAbstract
Polymeric membranes are widely used for gas separation purposes but their performance
is restricted by the upper bound trade-off discovered by Robeson in 1991. The polymeric
membrane can be glassy, rubbery or a blend of these two polymers. This review paper
discusses the properties of glassy polymer membranes and their performance in gas
separation. The area of improvement for glassy membrane with development of mixed
matrix membrane is also highlighted.
Paper ID :
MO_07_AMD_62
Title
:
Hydration Behavior Study of Imidazolium Based ILs in Water
Authors :
Bhajan Lal
Abstract
These ILs were chosen to provide an understanding of the influence of the cation
alkyl chain length, and the anion influence on the volumetric properties. Densities for
aqueous solutions of ionic liquids having 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium as cation and
chloride, bromide, iodide and acetate as anions were accurately measured at various
concentrations and temperature, (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K. The
results have been discussed in terms of hydrophobic hydration, hydrophobic interactions,
and water structural changes in aqueous medium. The data were used in evaluating
thermodynamic properties as apparent molar volumes, and apparent molar expansions.
Apparent molar volumes were found to increase with temperature.
98 | page
Paper ID :
MO_07_AMD_63
Title
:
Solubility of CO2 in Piperazine (PZ) Activated Aqueous Solutions of
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) at Elevated Pressures
Authors :
Ghulam Murshid; Azmi Mohd. Shariff; Mohammad Azmi Bustam;
Sami Ullah
Abstract
The solubility of carbon dioxide (CO2) was measured in aqueous solutions of 2-amino2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and Piperazine (PZ) activated aqueous solutions of (AMP)
at two different temperatures (303.15 and 333.15)K and at various concentrations of
studied solvents. The measurements were made over the pressure range of 5 to 60 bar.
The results are presented as a function of pressure. It has been found that the addition
of PZ to the aqueous solutions gives significantly higher CO2 loadings at higher pressures.
The influence of pressure on solubility is found to be positive. However, solubility
decreases with the increase of temperature.
page
| 99
Paper ID :
PSOS_01
Title
:
Authors :
Tony Vysniauskal, Ph.D., P. Eng., Virtual Materials Group, Canada
Abstract
The evolution of process simulation software for the oil and gas industry has to a large
extent tracked new developments in computer hardware and operating systems. A brief
history of this hardware evolution is presented and points out the effect of the growth
of computing power on desktop simulation technology. We as chemical engineers
have benefited greatly from this continued hardware evolution. The personal computer
has become our full functional slide rule of the past. Concurrent with this hardware
evolution, there has been a proliferation of operating systems and application software.
The currently available process simulators make process modeling and design a more
rewarding experience by enabling the engineers to exercise their creativity rather
than being burdened by limitations of the software. User-friendly GUIs and built-in
intelligence allow engineers to converge to answer more quickly, with very little ramp
up required to learn how to use the software. The software is designed to allow the
personal computer and the engineer to do what each does best, namely the personal
computer performing the systematic number crunching and the engineer the intuitive
aspect of process simulation and design. Having accomplished the usage and operability
of process simulators, new developments will likely be in inter-operability, platform
independence and more detailed design considerations to take advantage of the new
hardware. The paper will conclude with a look at a few examples on how increased
functionality can increase the analytical power of the engineer, his productivity and
ultimately better assessment of the processing challenges and solutions expected from
the chemical engineering practice.
100 | page
Paper ID :
PSOS_02
Title
:
Advanced Process Integration Recent Developments: Learning the
Lessons from Industrial Implementations
Authors :
Jiří Jaromír Klemeš; Petar Sabev Varbanov; Peng Yen Liew; Lidija
Čuček; Zdravko Kravanja; Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi; Zainuddin
Abdul Manan
Abstract
Heat Integration (HI) has been developing in mutual cross-fertilisation with the industrial
implementations over the last forty years. From the beginning, HI offered some guidance
based on thermodynamic principles and their understanding. However, a number of
aspects still need deeper consideration and solved problems have to be considered in
more complexity to include the real-life issues. This presentation summarises the results
of the three efficiently collaborating research groups: Centre for Process Integration
and Intensification - CPI2 at University of Pannonia, Hungary, Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Slovenia and Process Systems Engineering
Centre (PROSPECT) at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. This team exploits the experiences
gathered from the industrial projects as well as from the most recent academic research.
The aim of this presentation is to provide some tested and proven guidance for future
industrial applications as well as a solid support for getting the results with acceptable
and realistic payback periods.
page
| 101
Paper ID :
PSOS_03
Title
:
PMO Pipeline Monitoring Tool for Condition Based Pigging
Optimization
Authors :
M Fadli B Alias
Abstract
Pigging Optimization and Pipeline Monitoring Program aims to quantify the amount of
liquid holdup so that pigging activities can be shifted from schedule-based to conditionbased. Condition-based pigging has the potential to minimize the operational cost and
reduce the hydrocarbon exposure to the operators due to unnecessary pigging. The
study is performed via two methods, numerical analysis and iCON-OLGAS 3P simulation
model using iCON® process simulation software. The numerical method is conducted to
determine the amount of liquid holdup in the pipelines and the amount of gas condensed
that contributed to the liquid holdup. OLGAS 3P pressure drop correlation is utilized to
effectively calculate pressure drop, velocity, flow regime and possibility of liquid hold
up at different sections of the pipeline. Microsoft Excel-VBA based automation with
automated user data entry is developed as Pigging Optimization and Pipeline Monitoring
tool that can be used by engineers and operators for online pipeline holdup monitoring.
The Pigging Optimization and Pipeline Monitoring tool interacted with the Corrosion
Management Plan (CMP) file which is an existing database for the required pipeline
info such as pressure, temperature, and flow rate. This paper will show how Pigging
Optimization and Pipeline Monitoring tool is utilized to capture the unnecessary pigging
in two pipelines located in PETRONAS Peninsular Malaysia Operation (PMO).
Paper ID :
PSOS_04
Title
:
Development of Process Safety Management System (PSMS):
Mechanical Integrity (MI)
Authors :
Hanida Abdul Aziz, Azmi Mohd Shariff, Mazlinda Muhamad
Abstract
Accident is one of the big issues that occur repeatedly in the process industries today
though there is numerous application of the variety safeguarding measures that have
been introduced. Equipment failure is identified as one of the root causes of these
major accidents. One of the established standards that addressed the above issue is a
Mechanical Integrity (MI) element of Process safety Management System (PSM) 29 CFR
1910.119 (j). The main objective of this study is to introduce a systematic technique to
implement PSM MI in process industries. This study covered analysis of requirements
of the standard, development of framework and prototype tool as well as concept
validation through a case study. Implementation of this technique will help employers to
prevent major accidents and compliance to the PSM standard simultaneously.
102 | page
Paper ID :
PSOS_05
Title
:
Floating LNG Operability Studies through Dynamic Simulation
Authors :
Hasnor Hassaruddin B Hashim
Abstract
Conventional land based LNG plants utilizes hydrocarbon-based refrigerant systems
driven by large compressors. For floating LNG plants, gaseous nitrogen refrigeration
(N2R) system is preferred due to the compactness of the refrigeration equipment and
the less hazardous nature of gaseous nitrogen when compared with liquid hydrocarbon
refrigeration system. Due to the low heat capacity of N2, companders (expandercompressor) are required to maximize the cooling duty instead of JT valves. Multiple
compander units (Multicompander) are required to handle the pre-cooling, liquefaction
and sub- cooling of the natural gas. To provide process flexibility and equipment
maintenance window, parallel N2R trains are required for floating LNG plant. PETRONAS
Floating LNG-1 facility will be the first floating plant in the world, utilizing only gaseous
N2 as the refrigerant to produce LNG. The controllability of the nitrogen liquefaction
process is the main concern due to the large number of rotating equipment as well as
load balancing the parallel N2R trains. Specific analyses need to be conducted on the
liquefaction system due to the complexity and highly interactive nature of the process,
leading to possible process instability. An integrated dynamic model using iCON® Dynamic
Process Simulation software was developed and utilized to conduct several operability
studies, focusing on normal start-up and shut-down, refrigeration load switching from
parallel to single N2R trains, increase and decrease in LNG production, feed disturbance
from production wells and equipment malfunction. In this paper, the simulation results
on refrigeration load switching from parallel to single N2R trains, decrease in LNG
production and equipment malfunction will be discussed. Result shows that iCON®
Dynamic Simulation model was able to properly capture the highly interactive dynamic
response between the Multicompander units and the cryogenic heat exchangers due
to the tight process integration. Disturbance to one Multicompander unit may cause
cascading effect through the other Multicompander unit, which can cause fluctuation
to the cooling duty to liquefy LNG. This necessitates prudent analysis of the operating
scenarios to ensure operability and carefully planned controller design or retrofit for
stable operation. The accuracy of the simulation model can be further enhanced by
incorporating piping isometrics, actual set of controller tuning data and improved
controller set-up when the data is already available. Additionally, being the first such
refrigeration configuration in the world, correction of perception that operation will be
similar to the conventional hydrocarbon-based refrigeration LNG facilities is an issue to
address.
page
| 103
Paper ID :
PSOS_06
Title
:
Isolation of Interacting Channels in Decentralized Control Systems
Using Instrumental Variables Method
Authors :
M. Rahim; M. Ramasamy; Lemma D. Tufa; A. Faisal
Abstract
This paper describes the use of partial correlation based instrumental variables method
for the identification and isolation of weak interaction dynamics between subsystems in
decentralized control systems. Unlike the available methods based on the ordinary least
square, the proposed method clearly discriminates the interaction channels that have
significant contribution to the interconnected subsystem from the ones which do not by
reducing the model error that arises due to the process inputs correlation. The efficacy
of the proposed method is illustrated through a case study.
Paper ID :
PSOS_07
Title
:
PETRONAS Emission Monitoring System (PEMS) for MTBE Boiler
Authors :
Azleen Azna Bt. M Khairil Hing
Abstract
The Department of Environment (DOE) has issued a guideline on the installation and
implementation of Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) at the industrial
sectors under the revised clean air regulations, for the purpose of continuously
determining and reporting compliance with applicable emission limits. CEMS analyzers
however require extensive maintenance and majority are not able to operate reliably.
PETRONAS Predictive Emissions Monitoring System (PEMS) an initiative to establish an
alternative technique of measuring the emissions. First principle thermodynamics using
in-house iCON® Process Simulation Software is used to predict the quantity of CO2, CO, NO
and NO2 emissions based on available process conditions at the boiler. The combustion
reaction of the boiler was modeled using the Gibbs reactor model, where the system
is solved with a Gibbs minimization calculation based on atom balances as constraints.
The boiler is modeled as a heat exchanger, with the combustion temperature in the
reactor predicted by matching heat transfer from boiler feedwater flow to superheated
steam and stack temperature process data. Result from the simulation run was validated
with manual sampling emission data as reference material to establish correlations. A
trend between iCON model prediction and actual data was observed for CO2 emissions.
Due to the high variability in fuel gas composition and flow, it is recommended that
more reference data is taken to establish better trend between the measured data and
prediction model for CO, NO and NO2 emissions.
104 | page
Paper ID :
PSOS_08
Title
:
Methodology Development of a Flexible and Operable Energy
Integrated Distillation Columns
Authors :
Mohd Faris Mustafa
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a new methodology that will enable to design
flexible and operable energy integrated distillation columns (EIDCs). Distillation is the
primary separation process used in the industrial chemical processing. Although it has
many advantages, the drawback is its large energy requirement, which can significantly
influence overall plant profitability. The large energy requirement of these processes
can be reduced by using energy integration. Therefore, a new methodology that will
enable to design flexible and operable of EIDCs has been proposed in this study. This
can be successfully obtained by implementing the integration of process design and
control (IPDC) methodology, which has been drawn great attention in the past decades.
The design of EIDCs can be further improved to ensure that the design is more cost
efficient, flexible, controllable, and operable. This can be achieved by developing a new
model-based IPDC method, which includes cost optimality and controllability at the
early design stage, which is also the main objective of this study. It is expected that this
new methodology will help engineers to solve EIDCs design problem in a systematic and
efficient manner.
Paper ID :
PSOS_09
Title
:
Dynamic Studies of Refinery Sludge Gasification in Updraft Reactor
Authors :
Reem Ahmed Mohamed Ismail; Usama M. Nour Eldemerdash;
Chandra Mohan Sinnathambi
Abstract
Many papers have been published about the gasification of different biomass fuels in
fixed bed reactor. To date, no experimental analysis is available in the open literature on
gasification of refinery sludge. Therefore the descriptions of dynamic temperature in an
updraft reactor for dry refinery sludge gasification are investigated in details. The rate
of the temperature change with operation time and the temperature profiles inside the
reactor are taken for various equivalent ratios. The dynamic results show that increasing
the ER from 0.195 to 0.244 shifts the combustion zone peak temperature from 858oC
to 986oC and cause turbulence behavior in reduction zone temperature. With an ER
of 0.195, the rate change of temperatures zones was found to be in the ± 50oC min-1
indicating stable gasification process. The axial temperature for starting of a steady state
gasification process was found to be between 20 to 60 min operation time in process.
page
| 105
Paper ID :
PSOS_10
Title
:
Field Process Simulation and Topside Facilities Separator Pressure
Optimization Study
Authors :
Ahmad Fitri A’zali
Abstract
Samarang Field is an oil field located about 49 km North West of Labuan, offshore Sabah,
and East Malaysia. GTS Process Simulation and Optimization Group (PSO) have conducted
process simulation and production optimization study on the said field started from July
22, 2013. The aim is to determine optimum operating conditions (separator pressure)
where more crude oil can be produced. Overall production performance of oil production
field is hugely dependent on the pressure gradient from reservoir to topside separator
pressure. The production pressure gradient is used to determine crude production
potential of individual well that is estimated most typically using inflow performance
(IPR) and vertical lift (VLP) curve/ Tubing Performance Relationship (TPR). On this note,
study focus is to find the optimum backpressure that can be exerted on Samarang’s wells
that will lead to increase in oil production. Process simulation models in steady state and
dynamic mode were developed using iCON process simulation software for the purpose.
The said models were offline integrated with subsurface production performance data
(IPR/VLP) extracted from Samarang’s subsurface network model in GAP simulation
software. The said approach is used for the iCON process model to represent complete
production system from the reservoir to the well and from the well to production tubing
and pipeline network up until processing facilities. Separator pressure optimization
was carried out using the models with specific objectives, optimization constraints,
and optimization variables. The study has identified that net crude production can be
increased by reducing operating pressure of LP compressor inlet separator, V-3010
and crude stabilization unit LP separators of all clusters at SMP-A, SMP-B, and SMP-C
platforms. Pressure reduction of 4 psig (from current normal operation setting) on the
said unit operations have been identified as optimum operating conditions. Under this
condition overall potential crude gain of 135 STB/D for all Samarang’s clusters have been
estimated. Potential value creation associated with the crude gain is calculated at RM14,
328,845 per annum with the assumption of 325 days of operation and USD 98.68/ barrel
106 | page
Paper ID :
PSOS_11
Title
:
Hybrid Model for Biopolymerization Process (ε-Caprolactone to
Polycaprolactone)
Authors :
Senthil Arumugasamy; Zainal Ahmad
Abstract
A very attractive and accepted approach to the modeling problem is building a hybrid
model, where certain amounts of both phenomenological and empirical information
are used. In this paper the mechanistic model is created by using the mathematical
equations which are represented in the MatlabTM Simulink environment so as to achieve
a control over the bio-polymerization process. This mechanistic model was connected
to a Feedforward Neural Network (FANN) model to complete the hybrid model of the
process to predict the molecular weight distribution. The hybrid model in the Simulink
environment was validated by comparing the results of the hybrid model with that of
the experimental results carried out in a bioreactor.
Paper ID :
PSOS_12
Title
:
Mathematical Modeling of the Radial Crossflow Hollow Fiber
Membrane Module for Multi-Component Gas Separation
Authors :
Serene Sow Mun Lock; Kok Keong Lau; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
A “Multi-component Progressive Cell Balance” approach has been applied to characterize
the gas separation of the radial crossflow hollow fiber membrane module. The
mathematical model is an indispensable tool to evaluate the separation performance
of membrane material towards different components. The approach is required to be
implemented since there is scarcely available mathematical model to characterize the
two dimensional radial crossflow. In addition, the currently available mathematical
model is confined to the ideal binary system, which constraints its applicability in
real membrane separation process with many components. The significance of the
developed multi-component mathematical model as compared to the model adapting
the ideal binary simulation condition is demonstrated in this study.
page
| 107
Paper ID :
PSOS_13
Title
:
MLNG Fuel Gas System (Post MARLIN Project) Dynamic Simulation
Study
Authors :
Noradnin Hafeeza binti Haji Nawawi
Abstract
MLNG is currently executing MLNG Advanced Re-liquefaction (MARLIN) Project which
will subsequently affect current Fuel Gas System configuration i.e. HP BOG will be reliquefied into LNG via Re-liquefaction unit, and source of fuel gas is switched to GMS/1
and/or Dry Gas Diverter Manifold (DGDM). Potential fuel gas interruption in MLNG was
identified from Project Risk Assessment (PRA). Hence, it is required to conduct dynamic
analysis for overall HP Fuel Gas system to study the effect of fuel gas supply switches
between GMS/1 and DGDM. Process simulation software, iCON was used to study the
transient effect of fuel gas switching from GMS/1 to DGDM or vice versa. There are 9
scenarios conducted in this study and the effect of fuel gas switches was observed by
monitoring the rate of change of Wobbe Index (WI) on the fuel gas supply to the users.
Paper ID :
PSOS_14
Title
:
Optimization of Condensate Fractionation Unit using Response
Surface Methodology
Authors :
Mohammad Taufik Ibrahim; Nooryusmiza Yusoff
Abstract
Response Surface Method involving central composite design is employed to determine
the optimal configuration of nine factors for maximizing the profit of a Condensate
Fractionation Unit. When compared with the results from the base case and Taguchi
method, the result from RSM shows higher profits by 33.1% and 1.16%, respectively. A
further benefit of 0.64% is noticed when three insignificant factors were removed from
the nine-factor experiment due to interactions between factors.
108 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_25
Title
:
The Effect of Surface Area, Pore Volume, and Pore Size Distribution
on the Modified Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors :
Syuhaidah Rahmam; Norani Muti Mohamed; Suriati Sufian
Abstract
Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) have emerged and gained great interest for research in
many applications because of their unique specific characteristics such as having high
porosity, high surface area and the existence of a wide spectrum of surface functional
group through chemical modification. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is one
type of CNT that comprise of multiple layers of concentric cylinders. For this research
work, MWCNT is modified to be a potential adsorbent to adsorb carbon dioxide (CO2).
However, before it can be used as a good adsorbent, MWCNT needs to be treated
first to overcome the hydrophobic nature and the bundling of nanotubes. After that,
MWCNT can be functionalized with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTS) to attach
amine group on the surface of MWCNT that can assist MWCNT to adsorb CO2 at high
capacity. Instead of the introduction of functional groups, the modification of MWCNT
can affect the physical properties of MWCNT like surface area, pore volume, and pore
size distribution. Those properties can be determined using surface pore analyzer (SAP).
Sample that treated with the mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid (HNO3/H2SO4) and
functionalized with 60% APTS gives the lowest surface area and pore volume. The pore
size distribution also decreases due to the most presence of functional group onto the
surface of MWCNT. This research paper is focusing to discuss on the effect of surface
area, pore volume, and pore size distribution on the modified MWCNT.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_26
Title
:
Polymer-Nanoclay Mixed Matrix Membranes for CO2/CH4
Separation: A Review
Authors :
Muhammad Asif Jamil; Oh Pei Ching; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
Mixed matrix membrane (MMM) has shown significant progress towards gas separation.
Rigid polymers are suitable materials for MMM fabrication but adhesion problems
with filler need to be addressed. A variety of inorganic fillers have been studied for
CO2 separation but clay minerals were not considered much in this class. The layered
silicate structure of nanoclay such as montmorillonite provides excellent opportunity to
manipulate its properties, leading towards better dispersion and adhesion towards the
polymer matrix. This paper reviews the potential of polymer-nanoclay MMM for CO2/
CH4 separation.
page
| 109
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_27
Title
:
Effects of Montmorillonite (MMT) Inorganic Fillers on Polyvinylidene
(PVDF) Mixed Matrix Membrane
Authors :
Oh Pei Ching; Mason Wong Bak Lung
Abstract
Asymmetric nanoclay-polyvinylidene (PVDF) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were
prepared by the reaction of various amount of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay
mineral with PVDF. The MMMs were fabricated via dry-wet phase inversion method
with N, N-dimethyl-acetamide (DMAc) as the solvent and ethanol as the coagulant. The
fabricated MMMs were characterized by means of fourier-transform infrared (FTIR)
and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The separation performances of the prepared
membranes were evaluated by pure gases (CO2 and CH4). From the FTIR spectrum, MMMs
exhibited new peaks compared to pristine PVDF membrane, indicating assimilation of
MMT into the PVDF membrane. The morphology of the membranes depends on the clay
mineral loading as confirmed by SEM. PVDF/3 wt% MMT MMM showed the highest CO2
permeance and CO2/CH4 selectivity relative to neat PVDF membrane.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_28
Title
:
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Based on Polyethylene Glycol / 4,
4’-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Copolymer Quasi Solid State
Electrolyte
Authors :
Liow Kai Sing
Abstract
Quasi-solid electrolyte (QSE) was prepared by blending the polyethylene glycol (PEG)
and 4, 4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) under low reaction temperature (50oC).
The composition of the QSE was PEG, MDI, potassium iodide and iodine. The ratio of PEG
to MDI was optimized based on the energy conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized
solar cell (DSSC). 15 vol% of MDI was found to give the highest open circuit voltage, short
circuit current and energy conversion efficient which were 360 mV, 0.077 mA/cm2 and
0.02% respectively.
110 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_29
Title
:
Starch Based Soil Conditioner and Slow Release System
Authors :
Ariyanti Sarwono; Zakaria Man; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil;
Abstract
Tapioca starch film modified with urea and borate was prepared and studied for possible
application as soil conditioner and slow release fertilizer. To reduce the hydrophilicity
and reinforce the film, lignin, varied from 0% to 20% in steps of 5%, was added into the
starch-urea-borate system. The presence of lignin reduces swelling of the film from 28
g/g to 2.5 g/g by 20% lignin addition. The lignin modified films remain intact and show
good reswelling capability in water. The water retention of soil was improved by addition
of lignin modified film in sandy soil. 50% water was evaporated in 6 days for sandy soil
without film while it was 8.5 days for the sandy soil with the lignin modified starch film.
The release of entrapped urea inside the film in soil was also studied. This study shows
that the lignin modified starch film can act as soil conditioner as well as slow release
system.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_30
Title
:
Study of 1-(2-Hydroxyethyle) 3-methylimidazolium Halide as
Thermodynamic Inhibitors
Authors :
Omar Nashed; Khalik M Sabil; Bhajan Lal; Lukman Ismail;
Azuraien Jaafar
Abstract
In this study, the performance of 1-(2-Hydroxyethyle) 3-methylimidazolium chloride
[OH-EMIM] [Cl] and 1-(2-Hydroxyethyle) 3-methylimidazolium bromide [OH-EMIM] [Br]
is investigated as thermodynamic gas hydrate inhibitors. The dissociation temperature is
determined for methane gas hydrates using a high pressure micro deferential scanning
calorimeter at pressure range 36-97 bar. Both ionic liquids are studied at a concentration
5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt. % then their performance is compared with commercially
available inhibitors. It is found that the studied ionic liquids shift the methane hydrate
equilibrium curve to lower temperature and higher pressure and the performance of
[OH-EMIM] [Cl] is better than [OH-EMIM] [Br] but both of them less effective than
methanol and mono ethylene glycol.
page
| 111
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_31
Title
:
Modifying the Refractive Index of Epoxy Resins Using Reactive
Diluents to Enable Optical Self-Sensing in E-Glass Fibre Composites
Authors :
Abdul Rauf; R.J. Hand, S.A. Hayes
Abstract
Optical self-sensing employs the reinforcing fibres as self-sensing elements thus
eliminating the need for additional sensing elements for damage detection in smart
materials. At present optical self-sensing systems employ expensive optical adhesives to
lower the refractive index of the matrix as the refractive index of the cladding material
must be lower than the light-guiding glass fibres. In this study the refractive index of an
aerospace certified, commercial laminating resin (Araldite LY5052/Aradur HY5052) was
reduced with propylene carbonate, (a commercial reactive diluent). This modified resin
with lower refractive index facilitated light transmission through impregnated E-glass
reinforcing fibres used as optical self-sensing elements in composites. The effects of
propylene carbonate addition on the mechanical properties of the epoxy were also
analysed and presented here.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_32
Title
:
The Effect of KOH Concentration on Setting Time and Compressive
Strength of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer
Authors :
Tia Rahmiati; Khairun Azizi Azizli; Zakaria Man; Lukman Ismail;
Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin
Abstract
Geopolymer is produced from the alkali activation of materials rich in Si and Al such
as fly ash. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with high concentration is normally used in
geopolymerization. Limited research has been done with low concentration of alkali
activator. This study confirms that KOH with low concentration affect the setting time
and compressive strength of geopolymer in order to have good mechanical properties.
Optimum result was observed at 4.5 M KOH. This result can be further developed to
produce geopolymer with low alkaline activator for coating applications.
112 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_33
Title
:
Microstructure Characterization for P92 Steels Subjected to Short
Term Overheating Above Critical Transformation Temperatures
Authors :
Ng Guat Peng; Badrol Ahmad; Mohd Razali Muhamad; Mohd Ahadlin
Bin Mohd Daud
Abstract
Advanced ferritic steels containing 9 wt% Cr are widely used for nuclear and fossil energy
applications, especially in the construction of supercritical and ultra-supercritical boiler
components. The microstructure of the as supplied 92 materials consists of a tempered
martensite matrix, a fine dispersion of intergranular chromium rich M23C6 precipitates
and intragranular carbonitrides MX particles rich in V and Nb. This steel requires post
weld heat treatment (PWHT) to produce a tempered microstructure after welding to
develop excellent creep strength for high temperature service. The short excursion
to high temperature beyond Ac1 and Ac3 would have resulted in the formation of
deleterious phases, for example, soft α-ferrite which has poor creep strength and hard
martensite which has a low toughness. In this study, the microstructure evolution as a
result of short exposure to various peak temperatures above Ac1 and Ac3 is analyzed.
Creep rupture database for overheated condition will be established after the completion
of uninterrupted creep testing.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_34
Title
:
Effect of Solid to Liquid Ratio on the Mechanical and Physical
Properties of Fly Ash Geopolymer without Sodium Silicate
Authors :
Rosniza H Abdul Rahim; Khairun Azizi Azizli; Zakaria Man;
Tia Rahmiati; Lukman Ismail
Abstract
Geopolymer is produced from the alkali activation of materials rich in Si and Al with
addition of silicate solution in order to improve the mechanical property. Limited
research has been done with the absence of silicate solution in the geopolymerization
process by varying solid/liquid ratio and on how it works for that condition on mechanical
and physical properties. This paper presents an investigation on the mechanical and
physical properties of fly ash based geopolymer by varying solid to liquid ratio using
sodium hydroxide as the only activator. In addition, the strength development also been
investigated. The samples were prepared using 50mm x 50mm x 50mm mould and cured
at an elevated temperature (60oC). It can be observed that the optimum compressive
strength and density were obtained at solid/ liquid ratio of 4. In addition, the compressive
strength of fly ash based geopolymer for all the solid to liquid ratio increased until 14
days and started to decrease later.
page
| 113
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_35
Title
:
Water Based Paint with Java Citronella Oil as Mosquito Repellent
Agent
Authors :
Mastura Abd Manaf; Junaidah Jai; Ana Najwa Mustapa;
Rafeqah Raslan; Istikamah Subuki
Abstract
Active compounds of Cymbopogon winterianius (Java Serai Wangi) which consists of
citronella oil (CO), has been reported to has mosquito repellent compounds; citronellol,
citronellal, and geraniol. Limitation on the use of natural mosquito repellent has driven
this work to incorporate the CO in paint. In this work, the CO-paint was formulated
and its ability to repel mosquito was determined. The optimum composition of CO was
determined by three standard paint analyses which were volatile organic compound
(VOC), viscosity and adhesion. The best composition of CO in paint was found to be 20%
vol. where it able to repel Aedes aegypti with 80% efficiency. It is envisioned that the
formulated CO-paint is effectively function as mosquito-repellent thus as an alternative
way to reduce the mosquito-borne diseases.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_36
Title
:
Enhance the Colloidal Stability of Magnetite Nanoparticles Using
Poly (sodium 4-styrene Sulfonate) Stabilizers
Authors :
Qi Hwa Ng; Siew-Chun Low; Jit Kang Lim; Boon Seng Ooi;
Abdul Latif Ahmad
Abstract
Different concentration of Poly (sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) was coated around
the surface of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) in order to increase the particles’
colloidal stability. Both dynamic light scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA) measurements have demonstrated the successfully coated of PSS onto MNPs
as well as illustrated the cluster size of the functionalized MNPs that depends on the
applied dosage of PSS. This work provides some insight about the particles’ colloidal
stability that could be useful for environmental remediation.
114 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_64
Title
:
Effect of superficial gas velocity on the separation efficiency of inline
horizontal swirl tube separator
Authors :
Nurhayati Mellon; Azmi M. Shariff
Abstract
The use of compact, inline separator has gain interest in the effort of reducing the size of
topside facilities to reduce the capital cost associated with natural gas exploration. This
paper discusses the effect of superficial gas velocity on the separation performance of
an inline horizontal swirl tube separator. In this study, the superficial velocity is varied
from a minimum of 5 m/s up to a maximum velocity of 12 m/s at different operating
pressure. The pressure is varied from 40, 50 and 60 bars, corresponding to different
centrifugal force on the incoming gas stream. Results shows that the best separation
performance is achieve at higher operating pressure, in this case at 60 bar, regardless of
the incoming fluid velocity and liquid load (of up to 30% by mass).
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_65
Title
:
Ionic Liquid – Assisted Synthesis and Characterization of Cerium
Oxide Nanocubes for Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors :
Mohd Aliff Irham Md Azhar; Sujan Chowdhury;
Pradip Chandra Mandal; Sekhar Bhattacharjee; Taslima Khanam
Abstract
Cerium Oxide (CeO2) nanocubes are synthesized by using hydrothermal treatment
method in the presence of four different types of ionic liquid such as acetate anion,
phosphate anion, and dicyanamide anion. Ceria nanocubes has been consisted with
average size of 16 to 31 nm in diameter and characterized by transmission electron
microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface analyzer and porosimetry
analysis (ASAP). Ceria nanocubes have higher photocatalytical ability in the degradation
of methylene blue as compared to commercial ceria nanoparticles which are confirmed
through ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV/Vis).
page
| 115
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_66
Title
:
Novel Approach and Setup for Multi Phase Mixtures Separation and
Analysis at Offshore Conditions
Authors :
Firas A. A. K.; Azmi Mohd. Shariff; Lau Kok Keong; Nurhayati Mellon
Abstract
The increased demand on more developed technology approaches put the hand on
many lacks of information’s and in-needed developed method and techniques for
better understanding and analysis for many problems, no clear and direct studies in the
literature describe the system comes in multi component and dual phase especially for
those who need to be investigated at offshore conditions, the novel technique and setup
has been created for such scope, the newly developed set up has the ability to analyses
the adsorption isotherms and kinetic for multi component and dual phase mixtures (gas
and vapor) at offshore conditions in term of temperature up to 150oC and pressure up
to 150 bar. In addition to the pretreatment that could be done to the sorbents used at
temperatures up to 400oC and vacuumed pressure. The primer experiments have been
done using 13 X zeolites for the adsorption of pure CO2 at various conditions and binary
mixtures with the existence of H2O vapor. In the addition to the pretreatment of the
sorbent itself.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_67
Title
:
Effect of Alkali on Static Adsorption of Synthesized Anionic Surfactant
for EOR Applications
Authors :
Muhammad Mushtaq; Isa M Tan; Muhammad Sagir
Abstract
The surfactant adsorption is one of the major factors on which the success of chemical
enhanced oil recovery relies. Here we present the static adsorption of a novel inhouse synthesized anionic surfactant. The static adsorption the anionic surfactant was
0.94 mg /g. The effect of two alkalis (sodium metaborate and sodium tetraborate) on
static adsorption of the anionic surfactant was investigated. It was concluded that the
adsorption of anionic surfactant followed a typical four region adsorption isotherm. The
adsorption of synthesized surfactant decreased to lower values in alkaline conditions
(from 0.96 mg/g to as low as 0.29 mg/g).
116 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_68
Title
:
Effect of NaOH and Water Contents on Solidification of Sodium
Silicate Free Geopolymer
Authors :
Ahmer Ali Siyal; Lukman Ismail; Zakaria Man; Khairun Azizi Azizli
Abstract
Geopolymers are fast setting binder materials and possessing strength comparable with
Portland cement. In this study solidification and bonding behavior of sodium hydroxide
activated class F fly ash geopolymers were determined. Solidification was determined
using Vicat apparatus and bonding behavior study was carried out using Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The decrease in solidification time from 105
minutes to 90 minutes was observed when Na/Al ratio increased from 1 to 1.4. There
was a minor change in solidification behavior when Na/Al ratio varied from 1 to 0.9.
By changing liquid to solid (L/S) ratio from 0.154 to 0.231 initial and final setting times
found to increase. FTIR results showed main peaks at 1004 cm-1 and 1400 cm-1 due to
asymmetric stretching of Al-O/ Si-O bonds.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_69
Title
:
Synthesis and Dehumidification Performance of Calcium Chloride
Derived from the Waste Shells of Anadara granosa
Authors :
Mohd Zamri Abdullah; Nur Ainda Mohd Bukhari; Suzana Yusup
Abstract
The waste shell of Anadara granosa or blood cockle is utilized as an alternative source for
calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the synthesis of calcium chloride (CaCl2) as a dehumidifier.
In this paper, the synthesis of CaCl2 from the waste shell was investigated at various
concentrations of HCl reactant and the shells’ particle sizes to determine the optimum
yield. The synthesized CaCl2 was further tested on its capacity in adsorbing moisture and
compared with the commercially-available dehumidifier. It was found that concentration
of HCl at 5 M produced the highest yield, while the particle size of 0.5 mm took the shortest
period in producing CaCl2 from the waste shells of Anadara granosa. Investigating the
performance as dehumidifier in a controlled environment, synthesized CaCl2 showed
similar capacity in sorbing moisture as the commercially-available dehumidifier, proving
the high potential of the waste shells of Anadara granosa to serve as a green alternative
for CaCO3 in producing CaCl2.
page
| 117
Paper ID :
MO_08_RXN_24
Title
:
Heat Transfer with Chemical Reaction in Wall Heated Packed
Bed Reactor
Authors :
Duvvuri Subbarao; Reem Hassan; M. Ramasamy
Abstract
Information on wall heat transfer to packed bed reactors operating with exothermic
or endothermic reactions is scarce. Overall wall heat transfer coefficients in a packed
bed reactor in presence of an endothermic reaction are measured and observed to be
smaller than the expected in the absence of reaction. This observation is in contrast with
the reported observations with exothermic reactions in packed beds. A model equation
based on energy balance is presented to explain the observations.
Paper ID :
MO_08_RXN_25
Title
:
Catalytic Cracking of Model Bio-oil: Kinetic Studies
Authors :
Farrukh Jamil; Bawadi Abdullah; Murni Ahmad; Abrar Inayat;
Suzana Yusup
Abstract
Kinetic study on the transformation of model compounds of bio-oil into less oxygenated
liquid product is performed. A fixed bed continuous reactor is used for the catalytic
cracking of bio-oil model compounds at the temperatures of 300°C, 400°C and 500°C
under atmospheric pressure. HZSM-5 is used as the catalyst with the oil to catalyst
ratio of 15. The kinetic behavior of the catalytic cracking of bio-oil is represented by
a 3-lumped model. The kinetic parameters are calculated using an error minimization
approach based on least square method. The results indicate that rate of formation for
both gaseous products as well as for liquid product (LP) increases when the temperature
increases. The activation energy for liquid product is higher compared to that for gaseous
product. The order of reaction is in a fraction form which implies the complex nature of
the cracking reaction.
118 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_RXN_26
Title
:
Effect of Mn and Pb Promoters on the Performance of Cu/ZnO
Catalyst in CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol
Authors :
Sara Tasfy; Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi; Maizatul Shima Shaharun;
Duvvuri Subbara
Abstract
The influences of Mn or Pb promoters on the catalytic performance of Cu/ZnO-SBA-15
catalyst in the methanol synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation were studied. The catalytic
performances of the prepared catalysts were investigated in a stirred high pressure
reactor under conditions of T = 483K, P = 2.25 MPa, and H2:CO2 = 3:1 (volume ratio).
The experimental results showed that the promoted catalysts exhibited higher catalytic
performance. The Mn promoted catalyst resulted in 36% of CO2 conversion and 67% of
methanol selectivity, whereas the unpromoted catalyst showed 26% of CO2 conversion
and 58% of methanol selectivity.
Paper ID :
MO_08_RXN_27
Title
:
Microwave Energy Pretreated In-situ Transesterification of Jatropha
Curcas L in the Presence of Phase Transfer Catalyst
Authors :
Sintayehu Mekuria Hailegiorgis; Shuhaimi Mahadzir;
Duvvuri Subbarao
Abstract
In the present work, microwave heat pretreatment of jatropha curcas seed particles and
use of phase transfer catalyst (PTC) to enhance in-situ transesterification were utilized
together. It was observed that use of alkaline BTMAOH as a PTC and microwave heat
pretreatment of jatropha curcas seed particles had substantially increased the reaction
rate of in-situ transesterification as compared to the reaction conducted with microwave
untreated seeds in the absence of BTMAOH as a PTC. Statistical model equation was
developed to investigate the interaction effect of reaction variables and establish
optimum reaction condition. At optimum condition, experimentally obtained FAME
yield (93.7±1.53% w/w) was in close agreement with statistical model predicted FAME
yield (96.75%) at 38 oC and 37 minutes of reaction time.
page
| 119
Paper ID :
MO_08_RXN_28
Title
:
Pyrolyzed Waste Engine Oil Properties by Microwave-induced
Reactor
Authors :
Noridah Osman; Hafizah Ahmad Afif; Yoshimitsu Uemura;
Ahmad Aljuboori
Abstract
This study investigates the properties of pyrolyzed waste engine oil to determine the
fuel properties for recycling purpose. Waste engine oil was pyrolyzed in a microwaveinduced pyrolyzer at 400oC under vacuum. During pyrolysis process the N2 was used to
purge the pyrolysis zone to minimize O2. The fresh and waste engine oils were pyrolyzed
and determined it by-products yield, and then the original and pyrolyzed waste
engine oils were analyzed it chemical composition for their fuel properties following
the standard method. The by-products obtained of this waste engine oil only were
comparable to those using particulate carbon and different media of microwave heating
and conventional electric heating reactors in term of it feasibility application to energy
and chemical industries.
Paper ID :
MO_08_RXN_29
Title
:
Ethanol Steam Reforming Over Calcium Doped Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors :
Abstract
Steam reforming of ethanol has been carried out using a commercial catalyst (Hi-FUEL)
of calcium doped nickel/alumina catalyst which is usually used for natural gas steam
reforming. Hi-FUEL had successfully reformed ethanol into the desired products at
relatively high yield and selectivity. The hydrogen selectivity of 90.5% has been achieved
from this catalyst with almost no ethylene detected. Hi-FUEL is also comparable with
other calcium doped nickel/alumina catalyst as reported by other researchers.
120 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_37
Title
:
Ba-SAPO-34 Zeolite Membrane for CO2/N2 Separation: Process
Optimization
Authors :
Thiam Leng Chew; Abdul Latif Ahmad
Abstract
In the present research, Ba-SAPO-34 membrane was formed using microwave heating
and ion-exchange process. The membrane was subjected to CO2/N2 separation process
considering 3 independent process variables as temperature, pressure difference across
the membrane and CO2% in the feed. Response surface methodology coupled with
central composite design, available in Design Expert software was used to perform
optimization for the 2 response CO2 permeance and CO2/N2 separation selectivity as a
function of the 3 independent process variables. The optimum CO2 permeance and CO2/
N2 separation selectivity was 17.54x10-7mol/m2.s.Pa and 58.82 respectively at 30oC,
145.10 kPa pressure difference and 5 % CO2 in the feed.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_38
Title
:
Mechanical Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Prior to Biofuel
Production
Authors :
Siti Norsyarahah Che Kamarludin; Amizon Azizan; Nor Sharliza Mohd
Safaai; Ahmad Rafizan Mohamad Daud
Abstract
The abundant sources of lignocellulosic biomass (LB) nowadays have the potential
to become a sustainable source of biofuel. In biofuel production, there are many
engineering steps to be taken which consists of pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation
and separation. However, the pretreatment step is considered as the most vital part
since it gives a great impact on the other following steps in the main process line. In
this study we reviewed the mechanical pretreatment of LB. Size reduction by grinding
process (mechanical pretreatment) is one of the major preliminary pretreatment
necessary in biomass conversion to biofuel although high cost is incurred due to energy
consumption. An effective pretreatment technology is required for minimizing the
cost and concurrently minimizing other problem especially environmental pollution
caused by the pretreatment process. Considering the ionic liquid (IL) as a green solvent,
a potentially idea of new compact step with combination of chemical-mechanical
pretreatment in one step by applying this green technology (IL) as a chemical solvent is
introduced.
page
| 121
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_39
Title
:
Removal of Lactose from Highly Goat’s Milk Concentration through
Ultrafiltration Membrane
Authors :
Nur Sofuwani Zainul Abidin; Siti Aslina Hussain
Abstract
Concentration of goat’s milk using cross-flow filtration unit with ultrafiltration membrane
under various operating conditions was examined. Membranes of molecular weight cut
off (MCWO) of 10 kDa of polyethersulfone (PES) material were used to determine the
best processing parameters (trans-membrane pressure (TMP) and cross-flow velocity
that will generate the minimum content of lactose and greatest yield of protein. Permeate
flux is decreased with time due to fouling of the membrane. An increased in transmembrane pressure increased the permeate flux and protein weight. It is believed that
the weight of protein being low at lower and high at higher trans-membrane pressure.
Localized membrane fouling may be reduced by increasing the cross-flow velocity to
mitigate overall membrane fouling. This project tackles understanding to minimize the
deposition rates of particles on membrane by optimizing the parameters and spraydrying method is used to produce highly concentrated non-lactose goat’s milk powder.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_40
Title
:
Laccase Incorporated Into PEG-PLA Polymer as Active and Stable
Biocatalyst for Ionic Liquids Media
Authors :
Muhammad Moniruzzaman; Yoichiro Nao; Sekhar Bhattacharjee;
Tsutomu Ono
Abstract
Laccase Y20 (EC.1.10.3.2) was coated with poly (ethylene glycol)-block-polylactide
(PEG-PLA, MW = 27680) via water-in-oil emulsion, and the activity and stability of
the resulting PEG-PLA-laccase complex have been compared to those for the native
laccase and lyophilized native laccase in an ionic liquid (IL) [C2mim] [PF6] (1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. The formation of spherical PEG-PLA-laccase
complex of 330- 480 nm was demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. This
polymer-laccase complex retained most of its enzymatic catalytic activity and exhibited
excellent storage stability in IL, with over 70% of its initial activity retained after 12 days
of storage in IL at 40°C, whereas it was about 20% for native laccase under the identical
conditions. This strategy could be employed to fabricate polymer based composites
materials with novel biological functions.
122 | page
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_41
Title
:
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae from Baker’s Yeast for Lower Oil Viscosity
and Beneficial Metabolite to Improve Oil Recovery: An Overview
Authors :
Mohd Zulkifli; Nur Hashimah Alias;; Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf;
Effah Yahya; Nurul Aimi Ghazali; Tengku Amran Tengku Mohd
Abstract
This article is an overview of microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) and the potential
of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae to be applied in MEOR. MEOR may have same mechanisms
with commercial enhanced oil recovery (EOR) but it used biological approach in
improving oil recovery. Saccharomyces Cerevisiae produced carbon dioxide and ethanol
under anaerobic condition (absent of oxygen). The gas (carbon dioxide) and solvent
(ethanol) that produced by this microbe are two from the six main MEOR agents in
improving oil recovery. This articles also discussed on previous MEOR pilot projects that
were conducted in Argentina, China and Malaysia.
Paper ID :
MO_08_AMD_42
Title
:
Characterization Study of a Highly Specific Affinity Membrane for
Trypsin Purification
Authors :
Sofiah Hamzah; Nora’aini Ali; Marinah Mohd Ariffin;
Abdul Wahab Mohammad
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize a highly specific affinity membrane for trypsin separation.
The basic membrane was fabricated using 15% polysulfone via phase inversion
technique. Membrane surface modification was employed by immersing the native
membrane into the chitosan solution for 60 minutes dip times. Further modification was
performed to activate the PSf/chitosan hybrid membrane using glutaraldehyde before
ligand immobilization. The prepared affinity membrane was characterized in term of
morphology using scanning electron microscope and the presence of aldehyde group
and ovomucoid were confirmed by ATR-FTIR. Performance of affinity membrane has
been evaluated by adsorption study of trypsin. The observed results show that the
developed affinity membrane, with 0.7 mg/ml ligands was able to adsorb trypsin for
about 0.219 mg/cm2 membrane. It offers a strong potential for possible use this affinity
membrane for trypsin recovery from any protein or enzyme mixture.
page
| 123
Paper ID :
MO_09_PSE_25
Title
:
Power Pinch Analysis for Strategies to Purchase and Sell Electricity
Authors :
Wai Shin Ho; Cheng Seong Khor; Jeng Shiun Lim; Haslenda Hashim
Abstract
Power pinch analysis is an emerging technique for the design of hybrid energy
generation systems. This paper postulates strategies to purchase and sell electricity by
employing graphical tools based on this approach. Significant reductions are achieved
in the centralized grid power rating and energy level of storage as demonstrated on an
illustrative example.
Paper ID :
MO_09_PSE_26
Title
:
Modeling of CO2 capture by amine solution (MDEA) in hollow fiber
membranes
Authors :
Sina Gilassi; Zakaria Man; Abdulhalim Shah Maulud; Alamin Idris
Abstract
The absorption of carbon dioxide is investigated in a hollow fiber membrane contactor,
a two dimensional model is suggested to predict the CO2 removal efficiency. The
continuity equation consisting of convection and diffusion terms is applied in both shell
and tube sides, and only diffusion is considered in axial and radical directions through
the membrane. All equations are solved numerically by COMSOL software and the
numerical method is on the basis of Finite Element Method (FEM). Amine solution is
chosen as an absorbent to remove CO2 in different operating conditions such as gas and
liquid flow rate. The result of this modeling was compared with experimental data taken
from literature and good agreement was observed. The simulation results revealed
that methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) was an efficient absorbent. The suggested model
is recommended to predict CO2 concentration at the outlet in a hollow fiber membrane
contactor.
124 | page
Paper ID :
MO_09_PSE_27
Title
:
Effect of Bulk Temperature on Formation of Crude Oil Fouling
Precursors on Heat Transfer Surfaces
Authors :
Nitin Shetty; M. Ramasamy; Rajashekhar Pendyala
Abstract
Temperature plays a very important role in the formation of fouling precursors in crude
oils which is considered to be the first step before the precursors are either attached
to the wall as a deposit or transferred back to the bulk fluid by diffusion. In order to
investigate the formation characteristics of fouling precursors in crude oils at different
bulk temperatures, a custom-design thin film microreactor is constructed. It is observed
during the experiments that tendency to form fouling precursors is higher at higher
surface temperatures. The precursor particles once formed continue to grow in size with
time at constant surface temperatures. It is also observed that the particles tend to grow
in size while it is cooled when the temperatures are below 55oC.
Paper ID :
MO_09_PSE_28
Title
:
Simulation and Analysis of Process Behavior of Ultrasonic Distillation
System for Separation Azeotropic Mixtures
Authors :
Taha Abdulhamza
Abstract
The performance of an ultrasonic distillation (USD) system is evaluated in Aspen Plus
simulation environment. To facilitate the flowsheet development, a mathematical model
of a single stage USD developed using Aspen Custom Modeler software is exported to
Aspen Plus process simulator. As a case study, the separation of ethanol-ethyl acetate
mixture that is known to form azeotrope 55 mole % of ethyl acetate at minimum boiling
point of 71.8oC is considered. Simulation results revealed the achievable purity of ethyl
acetate of 99 mole % from azeotropic mixture, thus reinforcing the anticipated potentials
of sonication phenomena in intensifying distillation process to overcome azeotropes.
page
| 125
Paper ID :
MO_09_PSE_29
Title
:
Heat Exchanger Network Optimization Using Differential Evolution
with Stream Splitting
Authors :
Ngo Thi Phuong Thuy; Rajashekhar Pendyala; Marneni Narahari
Abstract
Energy consumption reduction plays an important task in process industry. Synthesis
and optimization of heat exchanger network (HEN) is a main tool for improving heat
recovery. This article introduces a new strategy HEN optimization using differential
evolution algorithm. The proposed method considers splitting stream at the pinch point,
to minimize the total cost of the network. First of all, the DTmin value is determined
through super-targeting, after that, the heat load of heat exchangers, splitting stream
fractions and the heat flow of the split streams are specified by differential evolution.
The HEN structure obtained in this work has lower cost than previous work and illustrates
the better performance of this approach.
Paper ID :
MO_09_PSE_30
Title
:
Conversion of Lignocellulose into Fermentable Sugars Using Solid
Acid Catalysis - A Review
Authors :
Tazien Rashid; Chong Fai Kait; Thanabalan Murugesan
Abstract
It is observed that the conversion of biomass to renewable chemicals and fuels is
becoming a pivotal research topic for the last few decades. Cellulose is a rich biomass,
which is formed by carbon dioxide and water by sunlight. However the efficient chemical
conversion of cellulose is considered to be a challenge for the researchers because
of its persistent property. A lot of research is carried out on heterogeneous catalyst,
among the others, solid acid catalyst are recognized as the most attractive choice for the
conversion of cellulose because they are tunable and durable in nature. In this article,
an overview of the conversion of cellulose into platform chemicals using the solid acid
catalyst is carried out.
126 | page
Paper ID :
MO_09_ENV_25
Title
:
Fine Structural Analysis of Solvent Activated Cu-BTC for
Carbon Dioxide Capture
Authors :
Sujan Chowdhury; Tan Wei Leng; Iqbal Ahmed; Azmi Bustam;
Azmi M Shariff
Abstract
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are presently under substantial investigation due
to their properties and high potential as new class of porous material for carbon
dioxide (CO2) capture. Experimentally, Cu–BTC crystalline frameworks with diameter of
approximately 6–13 µm are found. The washing method of Cu-BTC is examined using
three different solvent, (a) ethanol and water of 1:1 ratio, (b) water, and (c) acetone, to
improve the BET surface area. These materials display approximately type I isotherms
with no hysteresis and saturation. CO2 adsorption capacities study shows that acetone
wash material can store about 5.98 mmol g-1of CO2 at 25°C and 1.2 bars.
Paper ID :
MO_09_ENV_35
Title
:
Cellulose-Modified Carbon Electrode for In Situ Lead Detection
Authors :
Sakinatu Almustapha; Aamir Amanat Ali Khan; Abdul Aziz Omar;
Bambang Ariwahjoedi; Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Abstract
Increasing contamination of water by trace levels of heavy metals has become major
environmental threats leading to an increased demand for the detection and monitoring
of metal contaminants. In this work, modification of carbon electrode with cellulose was
reported to enhance Pb2+ detection. The interacting ability of cellulose on the electrode
surface was evaluated for Pb2+ by using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The
deposition potential of –1.0 V in 0.1M acetate buffer for 240 sec, followed by square
wave potential scan from -1.0 V to -0.2V were used. Stripping voltammogram showed
current peaks corresponding to Pb2+. The sensitivity and selectivity of the modified
electrodes for Pb2+ were also determined.
page
| 127
Paper ID :
MO_09_ENV_27
Title
:
Curing Characteristics and Tensile Properties of White Fly Ash Filled
Natural Rubber Compounds
Authors :
Hisyam Mokhtar; Razif Nordin; Saidatulakmar Shamsudin;
N. Z. Noriman
Abstract
The effect of white fly ash (WFA) on cure characteristics and tensile properties of natural
rubber compounds were investigated in the range of 0 to 30 phr. The size of WFA that
is used in this study was 45-75 µm. Based on the result; it is found that the scorch time
and cure time decreased with increasing of WFA loading. The tensile strength gradually
increased to the maximum at 5 phr WFA. The further increase of WFA loading led to the
decrease in tensile strength. Tensile properties such as M100 (stress at 100 % elongation)
was gradually increased with the increasing of WFA loading, meanwhile, the elongation
break showed a decreasing trend.
Paper ID :
MO_09_ENV_28
Title
:
Modelling of Adams-Bohart and Yoon-Nelson on the Removal of Oil
from Water using Microwave Incinerated Rice Husk Ash (MIRHA)
Authors :
Alina M. Faizal; Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty;
Ezerie Henry Ezechi
Abstract
This study investigated the possible use of Microwave Incinerated Rice Husk Ash (MIRHA)
as adsorbent for the treatment of wastewater generated from oil and gas industry using
the column adsorption method. Adams-Bohart and Yoon-Nelson models were used
to analyze experimental data. MIRHA was found to be porous, have high surface area
andconsist of 87-97% silica. Results show that both Adams-Bohart and Yoon-Nelson
models can be used to describe experimental data.
128 | page
Paper ID :
MO_09_ENV_29
Title
:
Adsorption of Azo Dye Orange II by Supported TiO2: A Review
Authors :
Nadia Riaz; M.Azmi Bustam; Chong Fai Kait; Zakaria B. Man;
M. Saqib Khan; Azmi M. Shariff; Biruh Shimekit; Sami Ullah;
Ali E. I. Elkhalifah
Abstract
The supported TiO2 photocatalyst has been reported for the photodegradation of
different organic pollutants. These supported TiO2 photocatalysts include metal and
non metal doped TiO2 photocatalysts. The photodegradation can be explained in terms
of adsorption. The adsorption of the dye is a significant and obvious parameter in the
photodegradation process. The photodegradation is directly related to the adsorbed
quantities of the pollutant onto the surface of adsorbant. Adsorption of Orange II, an
azo dye has been reported using different adsorbents like fly ash, activated carbon and
porous titanium dioxide. This review presents a comparison of maximum adsorption
capacities (Qm; mg.g–1) and Langmuir adsorption constant (Kads; L.mg–1) for the
adsorbents reported in previous studies.
Paper ID :
MO_09_ENV_30
Title
:
Aspects of Carbon Dioxide Mitigation by Nannochloropsis oculata
Cultured in a photobioreactor.
Authors :
Krishnan Vijendren; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Suzana Yusup;
Noridah Osman
Abstract
This paper primarily presents on carbon dioxide mitigation by marine microalgae.
Among the potential marine microalgae, Nannochloropsis oculata has been identified
as a promising species which can be utilized to reduce carbon dioxide concentration
via photosynthesis process. The growth of N. oculata and lipid synthesis for biodiesel
production is influenced by various aspects. The aspects that are focused in this paper
include light source and intensity, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and
photobioreactor design. Besides, emerging technologies that are able to increase the
efficiency of carbon dioxide reduction were also highlighted. As a whole, N. oculata
might play a key role in reducing the global carbon dioxide emission as well as enhancing
the biodiesel production.
page
| 129
Paper ID :
MO_09_RXN_30
Title
:
Catalytic Decomposition of Methane over La2O3 Supported
Mono- And Bimetallic Catalysts
Authors :
Wasim Khan; Anis Hamza Fakeeha; Muhammad Awais Naeem;
Ahmed Sadeq Alfatesh; Ahmed Elhag Abasaeed;
Ahmed Ibrahim Aidid
Abstract
Catalytic decomposition of methane was investigated over nickel and cobalt based
mono- and bimetallic catalysts for the production of hydrogen and filamentous
carbon. Catalysts with different Ni to Co ratios supported on La2O3 were prepared
by co-precipitation method. The activity test and characterization results revealed
that the catalyst containing 15wt% Ni and 10wt% Co over La2O3 support presented
relatively better catalytic performance among all the tested catalyst. The catalysts were
characterized by BET, TGA and temperature programmed reduction (TPR).
Paper ID :
MO_09_RXN_31
Title
:
Bio-oil Production under Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal
Liquefaction of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Kernel Shell
Authors :
Yi Herng Chan; Suzana Yusup; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Armando Quitain
Abstract
Two types of Malaysian oil palm biomass; namely Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Palm
Kernel Shell (PKS) are liquefied using sub- and supercritical water to produce bio-oil.
Effects of temperatures (360, 390 and 450°C) and pressures (25, 30 and 35 MPa) of the
liquefaction of biomass on the bio-oil yields are investigated. The optimum liquefaction
conditions for the two types of biomass (EFB and PKS) using water are at supercritical
conditions. PKS which consists of higher lignin content yields maximum bio-oil of about
41.3 wt % at temperature of 450°C and the bio-oil yield from EFB is about 37.4 wt % at
temperature of 390°C.
130 | page
Paper ID :
MO_09_RXN_32
Title
:
Mathematical Modelling for Hydrogen Production from Steam
Gasification of Cellulose
Authors :
Abrar Inayat; Murni Ahmad; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib;
Suzana Yusup; Zakir Khan
Abstract
In Malaysia, due to its abundance, oil palm is a good candidate to be used as a feedstock
for hydrogen production. Oil palm biomass generally consists of cellulose, hemicellulose
and lignin. Steam gasification, coupled with CO2 removal has been shown to be one of
the promising methods for hydrogen production. This work focuses on the mathematical
modeling of hydrogen production from cellulose via steam gasification and steam
gasification with in-situ CO2 capture using CaO. The results are compared and rationalized
against published data on steam gasification of pure cellulose and good agreement is
observed. The model predicts an increase in hydrogen output from 48 to 56 mol% with
the addition of CaO into the system. By increasing temperature and steam/biomass ratio
the cold gas efficiency decreases, however, temperature have higher impact compared
to steam/biomass ratio.
Paper ID :
MO_09_RXN_33
Title
:
Fast Pyrolysis of Oil Palm Kernel Shell in a Fluidized Bed Reactor: The
Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Yields of Pyrolysis Products
Authors :
Norizan Ali; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Hafizah Ahmad Afif;
Noridah Osman; Wissam Omar; Bawadi Abdullah; Toshio Tsutsui
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the yields of char, organic
compounds, water and gas. Fast pyrolysis was carried out in a fluidized bed reactor of
108 mm in internal diameter operated at 400, 450, 500 and 550°C with nitrogen gas
with flow rate of 25 L (NTP)/min. In specific the effect of temperature on the yields of
known and unknown organics in bio-oil is discussed. For higher total organics, 500°C
was favorable. But higher phenol and acetic acid yields, 450°C was preferable. The major
organics include acetic acid, phenol and furfural. The minor ones include 2-methylphenol,
4-methylphenol, 4-methylnaphthalene, benzene, toluene and THF.
page
| 131
Paper ID :
MO_09_RXN_34
Title
:
Thermodynamic Analysis of Autothermal Reforming of Oxygenated
Hydrocarbons at Thermoneutral Condition for Hydrogen Production
Authors :
Abstract
The thermodynamic analysis of autothermal reforming of homologue series consisted
of ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol representing oxygenated
hydrocarbon compounds has been studied. The main investigation was to compare
the effect of thermoneutral condition where no external air/oxygen supplied for the
reaction to sustain and controlled amount of air/oxygen supplied. It was found that the
higher number of oxygen atoms in these homologues molecule, the higher tendency
of the reaction to be sustained at the desired temperature, and thus it only requires
lesser amount of air for heating. The hydrogen selectivity however depends on the ratio
of hydrogen atoms with respect to oxygen atoms in each molecule. The presence of air
however, though providing extra heating to the reactor, is offset by a lower hydrogen
production.
Paper ID :
MO_09_RXN_35
Title
:
Physiochemical Properties of Pyrolysis Oil Derived From Fast
Pyrolysis of Wet and Dried Rice Husk in a Free Fall Reactor
Authors :
Salman Raza Naqvi; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Suzana Yusup;
Muhd Nuruddin
Abstract
Rice husk is considered as a massive agricultural lignocellulosic biomass residue for
the production of bio-based fuels and chemicals products. The purpose of this study is
to investigate the physiochemical properties of the pyrolysis-oil derived from wet and
dried rice husk fast pyrolysis process. The experiments were performed in a drop type
fixed-bed pyrolyzer at the pyrolysis temperature of 350 to 600°C. The products, char,
pyrolysis-oil and gas, yield are investigated. The pyrolysis-oil derived from dried rice husk
contained higher Carbon and Hydrogen and less oxygen contents than the pyrolysis-oil
obtained from wet rice husk. FT-IR results showed the oxygenated compounds present
in both pyrolysis-oil. The pyrolysis oil from dried rice husk has higher concentration of
hydrocarbons as compared to wet rice husk pyrolysis-oil. The dried rice husk pyrolysis-oil
produced more phenols and less carboxylic acid as compared to wet rice husk pyrolysisoil at 500°C. More volatile released in dried rice husk conversion produced more volatile
compounds. These findings suggest that the original moisture present in biomass
samples is the major influencing parameter on the thermal degradation of biomass
during fast pyrolysis process.
132 | page
Paper ID :
MO_09_RXN_44
Title
:
Kinetic Studies on Gold Nanoparticle Formation in Aqueous Medium
Authors :
Anirban Chakraborty; Muhammad Moniruzzaman; Sujan Chowdhury;
Sekhar Bhattacharjee
Abstract
Extensive research data were published in the last decade on synthesis, characterization
and application of AuNP for drug delivery and protein conjugation. We report
experimental data on kinetic order and rate constants of AuNP synthesis by the standard
Turkevitch method. Influences of process parameters- initial molar ratio of reactants,
temperature and pH of the reaction medium on kinetic parameters were investigated
for identification of optimal reaction conditions.
Paper ID :
MO_09_AMD_43
Title
:
Synthesis and Characterization of Co/CNTs Catalysts Prepared by
Strong Electrostatic Adsorption (SEA) Method
Authors :
Omid Akbarzadeh Pivehzhani; Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi;
Bawadi Abdullah; Duvvuri Subbarao
Abstract
Strong Electrostatic Adsorption (SEA) is an effective method to synthesize and introduce
Cobalt nano particles on Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) support. Point of zero charge (PZC) of
CNTs and optimum pH, the cobalt uptake versus different pH were investigated. By using
the range of characterization methods such as TEM, FESEM and TPR catalyst prepared
was studied. TEM and FESEM images indicate well-dispersed cobalt particles on the
CNTs support. TPR was proven reduction peak at high temperature 530oC indicating
strong interaction between Cobalt and CNTs support. SEA showed the desired method
in preparing supported cobalt catalysts.
Paper ID :
MO_09_AMD_44
Title
:
Solubility of CO2 in an Aqueous Ammonium Based Ionic Liquid
Authors :
Rizwan Safdar; Abdul Aziz Omar; Lukman Ismail; Bhajan Lal
Abstract
The aim of this research is to find out the potential of water miscible ammonium based
ionic liquid towards CO2 capture. To measure the solubility of CO2 in 55 wt. % aqueous
solution of Tetra butyl ammonium hydroxide (TBAOH), the experiments were performed
on a high pressure solubility cell. Solubilities were determined in the temperature range
of (303.15 to 333.15) K by varying the pressure from (2 to 10) bar and are reported as
loading capacity (mol CO2/mol TBAOH). The solubility of CO2 in this aqueous ionic liquid
decreased with increasing temperature and increased with increasing pressure.
page
| 133
Paper ID :
MO_09_AMD_45
Title
:
Optimization of Pectin Extraction from Nephrolepis Biserrata Leaves
Using Responce Surface Methodology
Authors :
Halifah Pagarra; Roshanida Abd Rahman; Rosli Md Illias;
Nor Azah Ramli
Abstract
A central composite design was employed to optimize the extraction of pectin from
Nephrolepis biserrata leaves. The independent variables were pH (1.5 to 2.5), extraction
time (60 to 120 minutes) and temperature (60oC to 100oC). The combined effect of
these variables on yields of pectin was investigated. The results showed that the yield of
extracted pectin ranged from 3.76% to 8.50% (w/w, based on dry weight of Nephrolepis
biserrata leaves). The yield was significantly affected by pH, extraction time, temperature,
interaction between pH and temperature, and interaction between extraction time
and pH. The optimum condition for the yield of pectin extraction was predicted at pH
(1.5), extraction time (76.25 minutes) and temperature (100oC). Under the optimum
condition, the actual pectin yield was 8.18%, which was below the predicted extraction
condition of 8.316%. The characteristics were 47.52% galacturonic acid and 83.71%
degree of esterification.
Paper ID :
MO_09_AMD_46
Title
:
Antioxidant Potentials of Selected Cyanobacterial Species and the
Relations to Their Phycobiliproteins and Phenolic Contents
Authors :
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah; Hamdy El-Sayed; Sanaa M. M. Shanab;
Mervat Abo-State; Usama M. Nour Eldemerdash; Emad A. Shalaby
Abstract
The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents of different extracts of the three
cyanobacterial species and their phycobiliprotein contents were evaluated. The ethanolic
extracts of Anabaena flos-aquae recorded the highest antioxidant activity (88.45±0.24
%) and thus could be potential rich sources of natural antioxidants. The correlation
coefficients between the antioxidant activities and the total phenolic contents were high
(R2 = 0.8145), but showed very small correlations with their phycobiliproteins content
(R2 = 0.0012). Thus, phenolic compounds were major contributors to the antioxidant
activities of these cyanobacterial species.
134 | page
Paper ID :
MO_09_AMD_47
Title
:
A Review on Robustness of Covalent Organic Polymers for
CO2 Capture
Authors :
Sana Yaqub; Nurhayati Mellon; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
The presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) in natural gas stream is a problem since it reduces
the energy contents and the heating value of natural gas, as well as causing hydrate
and corrosion problems under the right condition. Various separation techniques are
available to separate CO2 from natural gas, such as metal organic framework (MOF),
covalent organic framework (COF) and Covalent Organic Polymers (COPs) adsorbent. The
criteria that need to be fulfilled include high adsorption capacity and selectivity towards
CO2 at the required operating pressure and temperature, as well as good hydrothermal
stability. COPs are crystalline porous materials that are hydrothermally stable. High
CO2 capacities of COPs make them the prominent candidates for separating CO2 from
natural gas at high pressure condition and in the presence of water vapors. However,
the research on COP material development is very new and hence scarce information
is available in literature. This paper highlights the different types of COPs, the basic
constituents of different COPs and the adsorption capacity of the COPs.
Paper ID :
MO_09_AMD_48
Title
:
Citric Acid Future Prospects for Pakistan, a Short Review
Authors :
Saad Nadeem; Iqbal Ahmed; Abdul Muttalib; M. Tufail; M. Saad Khan
Abstract
Considered weak organic acid, Citric Acid (CA) finds its application in almost all the food
and pharmaceutical industries as flavour, acidifier and chelating agent. CA has been
found in abundance specially in citrus fruits, can also be produced by artificial means,
most notably by fermentation using molasses or starch by the use of micro-organisms.
The current paper outlines the production of CA from Aspergillus Niger (A. Niger) keeping
in view the statistical analysis that shows its importance, usage and future scope of CA if
manufactured at industrial scale in Pakistan
page
| 135
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_76
Title
:
Preparation of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil by Two Step Method
Catalyzed by Phosphonium Based Basic Ionic Liquid
Authors :
Zahoor Ullah; Mohamad Azmi Bustam @ Khalil; Zakaria Man
Abstract
A basic ionic liquid tetra butyl phosphonium hydroxide was applied as a catalyst for
biodiesel production from waste cooking oil by transesterification process and the yield
92% was achieved. The product was simply isolated from the separating funnel and the
ionic liquid was miscible in glycerol and later on separated. The ionic liquid was use four
times without any dramatic decrease in ester yield. And ester was checked by 1H NMR.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_77
Title
:
Fabrication and Characterization of Facilitated Transport Membrane
for Gas Separation
Authors :
Rizwan Nasir; Hilmi Mukhtar; Zakaria Man
Abstract
The new membrane material containing facilitate transport medium to enhance
the performance of gas separation membrane has been fabricated by using
monoethanolamine (MEA) as fixed carrier with different concentration (5 & 10 wt. %)
by using solvent evaporation method. The developed membranes were characterized by
using Field Emission Electron Microscope (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and
Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The developed membranes were found nonporous
and dense in structure.
136 | page
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_78
Title
:
Electrochemical Study of the Pt and Pt-Ni upon Multiwalled
Carbon Nanotubes
Authors :
Asad Mumtaz; Asfand Yar; Riaz Ahmad; Shahid Ansari;
Norani Muti Mohamed
Abstract
Direct methanol fuel cells have attracted a great importance in the recent scenario of
portable devices. New routes are being developed for synthesizing the catalysts used in
the methanol oxidation. In this work, the electrochemical behavior of the Pt and Pt-Ni
upon multiwalled carbon nanotubes, synthesized via a new route, has been studied.
The results are showing that Pt-Ni 10% has the comparable current density with the Pt
20%-loading which is nearly 3 times greater than 10% Pt loading. The transfer of the
polarization curve of Pt-Ni 10% towards lower polarization region following the catalyst
with 20% Pt loading indicates the higher activity of the nano-electro-catalysts in the
alkaline media. Also the long term efficiency and activity of the Pt-Ni with 10% loading
is nearly reaching to the 20% Pt-loading which is almost 10 folds to the 10% Pt loading.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_79
Title
:
Separation of Naphthenic Acid Using Hydroxide Based Ionic Liquids
Authors :
Syed Shah; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib; Rashidah Binti Pilus;
Lethesh Kallidanthiyil Chellappan
Abstract
Removal of naphthenic acid from model oil with hydroxide based ionic liquid was
investigated. A series of batch de-acidification at different temperatures was performed
and the content of Naphthenic acid before and after extraction was calculated. The ILs
containing hydroxide anions has the potential to completely deacidify model oil having
high TAN with the extremely low ionic liquid /oil mass ratio. The results revealed that the
process is greener because it is energy efficient and hardly pollute the environment. The
ionic liquid can be regenerated and reused after the process.
page
| 137
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_80
Title
:
Optimization of Coating Thickness in a Tangential Fluidized Bed
Authors :
Luqman Hakim; KuZilati KuShaari; Zakaria Man
Abstract
The focal intention of this research was to investigate about the factors influencing the
coating thickness of urea granule by using modified biopolymer witch performed in a
tangential fluidized bed. The effects of inlet air temperature, disc rotation speed and
spraying rate on coating thickness of urea granule were investigated. In this study, the
results showed that the significant process parameters witch effect the coating thickness
was spraying rate (58.585%) and followed by disc rotation speed (21.579%) and inlet air
temperature (18.883%). The optimized process parameters in this work were 400C for
inlet air temperature, 40 rpm for disc rotation speed and 2 rpm for spraying rate. The
confirmation run for this work had verified the conclusion from the variance analysis.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_81
Title
:
Experimental Study of Geopolymer Solidification Kinetics
Authors :
Ahmad Hafizi Pauzi; Lukman Ismail; Ahmer Ali Siyal; Zakaria Man;
Abstract
Geopolymer materials are formed from silica and alumina oxides mixed with alkali
hydroxide or alkali silicate. This paper studies the solidification of fly ash geopolymer
through setting time by varying alkaline activators, their concentrations and curing
temperature. However, prior to the study of the effects of parameters on geopolymer
solidification, the feasibility of equipments used such as LFRA Texture Analyzer and
Vicat Needle was determined. Further characterization of geopolymer was carried out
using XRD analysis. Besides that, this research also focuses on the transformation of
geopolymer from paste to solid through Avrami’s Kinetic Model. From the experimental
results, sodium silicate activated fly ash geopolymer solidified fast as compared to
KOH and NaOH. Moreover, the increase in concentration of alkaline solution and
curing temperature reduces setting time for geopolymer solidification. From Avrami’s
perspective, the growth form of geopolymer in the geopolymerization process exhibits
two and three dimensional structure with the presence of secondary nucleation based
on the certain samples of geopolymer.
138 | page
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_70
Title
:
Effects of Ionic Liquid Blending in Polymeric Membrane: Physical
Properties and Performance Evaluation
Authors :
Dzeti Farhah Mohshim; Hilmi Mukhtar; Zakaria Man
Abstract
Polymeric membranes have been extensively used in membrane gas separation process.
Nowadays, peoples are modifying the membrane by many ways like coating with ionic
liquids to further enhance the membrane separation performance. In this project, ionic
liquid modified polymeric membranes (ILMPM) have been successfully developed by
blending the ionic liquids with the polymer via solvent evaporation method. The ionic
liquid used was 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, [emim]
[Tf2N] and for comparison purpose, the compositions were varied at 10 and 20 wt%.
In general, the blending of [emim] [Tf2N] and PES has produced dense membrane with
miscible mixture without any phase separation. It was observed that, the CO2 permeance
of ILMPM has been improved about 271% as compared to the pure PES membrane.
However, the CO2 permeance decreased with increasing operating pressure, yet the
ILMPM CO2 permeance still higher than CO2 permeance of pure PES membrane. In
addition, the CO2/CH4 separation performance has greatly increased about 162% as the
IL composition is increased. This initial study has proven that IL helps to enhance of CO2
permeation and improve selectivity.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_71
Title
:
Preparation and Characterization of Rice Husk Ash for Adsorption of
Phenol from Aqueous Solutions
Authors :
Samah Daffalla; Hilmi Mukhtar;Maizatul Shima Shaharun
Abstract
The present work involves an investigation of the possible use of rice husk ash (RHA)
for phenol removal from aqueous solutions. The physiochemical properties of the
developed adsorbent were evaluated. Their adsorption behaviours in batch system
were evaluated for the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by varying the pH. It
was found that, the RHA400, 1 has the highest surface area (201.36 m2.g-1) followed by
RHA300, 4 (87.08 m2.g-1) and RHA600, 1 (43.22 m2.g-1), respectively. Due to high surface
area and porosity, at 100 mg.L-1 of synthetic wastewater containing phenol, the RHA400,
1 had shown the highest removal efficiency followed by RHA300, 4 and RHA600, 1,
respectively. The maximum uptake of phenol was found at pH 4. The adsorption kinetics
was well described by both pseudo-second order and the Elovich models.
page
| 139
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_72
Title
:
Properties and Characteristic of Amine-Polymer Blend Membrane
Authors :
Asim Mushtaq; Hilmi Mukhtar
Abstract
In the past decade, polymer blend technology has achieved an important position in
the field of polymer science. To select the membrane technology for removal of carbon
dioxide separation ability, operation is simple, pressure, temperature, cost, energy
consumption is low and no corrosion problem, and it is easily to remove CO2 from natural
gas, especially in remote as well as offshore locations and easily to scale up. In polymeric
membranes, a glassy polymer suffers lack of permeability causing their performance
drop down to upper bound trade off but a high selectivity. The amine solution has the
capability to purify the natural gas having acid gas. In this context blending of glassy
polymer Polysulfone and amines that were diethanol amine, methyl diethanol amine,
mono ethanol amine in dimethyl acetamide solvent, flat sheet membranes were
developed with desirable properties. Blend membranes with different amines were
synthesized and the developed membranes were characterized, to study the effect of
amines on different properties like surface morphology and weight lost.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_73
Title
:
Oil Extraction from Calophyllum Inophyllum Kernel via Soxhlet
Extraction: Optimization Using Response Surface
Methodology (RSM)
Authors :
Nur’Atiqah Shamsuddin
Abstract
The increased use of diesel fuel resulted in depletion of its fossil reserves, and
created new discovery called biodiesel. Several non-edible oils have been investigated
experimentally such as Madhuca Indica, Jatropha Curcas, Pongania Pinnata and
Calophyllum Inophyllum are found to be suitable for biodiesel production. In this study,
Response Surface Method (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied
in determination of optimum condition of oil extraction from Calophyllum Inophyllum oil
via Soxhlet extraction. Three variables studied were solvent to seed ratio (ml), extraction
time (hr), and drying time (hr) with total of 15 individual experiments conducted for
optimization the combination effects of those variables. From the analysis of variance
(ANOVA) results, the optimum condition to be identified were solvent to seed ratio of
56.82 ml/g, extraction time of 2.55 hours, and drying time for the kernel of 6.82 hours.
140 | page
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_74
Title
:
Gas Permeability Study of Amine-Polymer Blend Membranes to
Separate Carbondioxide from Natural Gas
Authors :
Asim Mushtaq; Hilmi Mukhtar; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
The confine and storage of carbon dioxide has been acknowledged as one prospective
solution to greenhouse gas obsessed climate change. Proficient separation technologies
are required for removal of carbon dioxide from natural gas streams to allow this solution
to be extensively implement A developing technology is membrane gas separation, which
is more dense, energy efficient and possibly more economical than older technologies,
such as solvent absorption. Amine has a natural affinity for both Carbon dioxide and
Hydrogen Sulphide allowing this to be a very efficient and effective removal processes. In
this context blending of glassy polymer that is Polysulfone and amines that are diethanol
amine, methyl diethanol amine, mono ethanol amine in dimethyl acetamide solvent, flat
sheet membranes were developed with desirable properties. Gas permeability study
of PSU with amines, blend membranes were evaluated using pure gas CO2 and CH4 at
different feed pressures.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_75
Title
:
Identifying Thermal and pH Stability of Thiols Compound in
Garlic Extract
Authors :
Sity Juaeiriah Samsudin; Nurlidia Mansor; Suriati Sufian;
Zakaria Man
Abstract
Thiosulfinates are a major compound found in most allium plant. Garlic, an allium species
shows its potential to inhibit microbial and enzyme activity. The usage of garlic is widely
known especially in the agriculture field. Thiosulfinates are formed by reaction of alliinase
enzyme from their respective S-alk (en) yl cysteine sulfoxide after the crushing process
of the garlic cloves. The stability of the garlic extract has been tested at variations of
temperatures and pH values at different incubation time in terms of concentration (mM).
After consecutive 4 hour incubation, thiols show higher concentration at temperature
30-35°C. The minimum concentration shows 22% reduction from the original thiols
reading. Meanwhile, pH values of 2 (acidic) at 35°C gives higher thiols concentration
compared to other conditions.
page
| 141
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_82
Title
:
Review on Pyrolysis of Hardwood Residue to Biofuel
Authors :
Mohammad Amir Firdaus Mazlan; Yoshimitsu Uemura;
Suzana Yusup; Noridah Osman
Abstract
In Malaysia, approximately 7 million tonne/year of rubber wood waste and 5 million
tonne/year of acacia wood waste were generated in 2011. These hardwood residues
could be utilized to produce biofuel through pyrolysis process. The aims of the paper are
to study the fluidized bed pyrolysis system, determine the properties of pyrolytic bio-oil,
and highlight the effect of biomass type, size and pyrolysis temperature on pyrolytic
products distribution.
Paper ID :
MO_10_PSE_32
Title
:
Resiliency of Human Factor (RoHuF) Methodology
Authors :
Nor Diana Abdul Wahab; Risza Rusli; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
The development of technology has increased dramatically during the past decades,
while human factor aspect has remained unchanged over the same period. As a result,
human error is recognized as the most significant source of accidents or incidents in
safety-critical systems. Thus, this paper proposed the resiliency of human factor (RoHuF)
methodology to evaluate the human performance in process industries. The proposed
algorithm incorporates four main qualities; learn, anticipate, monitor, and respond; that
together define resilience. The presented finding had shown the functionality of RoHuF
as a human performance’s evaluator in order to minimize or prevent the occurrence of
major incidents in future.
142 | page
Paper ID :
MO_10_PSE_33
Title
:
CFD Study on Syngas Dispersion for Biomass Process Industry
Authors :
Noor Ain Ab Kadir; Risza Rusli; Noor Azurah Zaina Abidin
Abstract
Synthesis gas (syngas) refers to a mixture primarily of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide
(CO) which may also contain significant but lower concentrations of methane (CH4)
and carbon dioxide (CO2) as well as smaller amounts of impurities such as chlorides,
sulphur compounds, and heavier hydrocarbons. Available syngas dispersion study found
in literatures mostly focused on pure gas dispersion specifically H2 compared to the
syngas mixture. It has been reported in most literatures that available commercial tools
tend to give an overestimated results for these types of gas since it is more suitable
for dense gas rather than the light gas. Therefore, the current study aim to investigate
potential dispersion and evaluate the flammability of syngas release from biomass
processes using CFD-FLUENT. Results of the mixture simulation is compared with the
results obtain from simulation of pure H2 release. When all components in syngas were
release together, competition to gain oxygen increased resulting in lesser mixing of
syngas-oxygen and increasing the concentration of the syngas mixture. As a result, H2
in syngas concentration is higher compared to pure H2 when accidental release from
biomass process.
Paper ID :
MO_10_ENV_32
Title
:
Adsorption of Chlorate from Chlor-Alkali Plant Purged Brine Stream
Authors :
Lakshmanan Shyam; Murugesan Thanabalan
Abstract
Coal based activated carbon was found to be able to adsorb chlorate from brine
solutions. The removal of chlorate by the activated carbon is enhanced at higher
chlorate concentrations, lower temperatures and lower pH. Presence of chlorine in
the brine reduces the adsorption of chlorate and is suspected to compete for the same
active sites. Chlorate is best removed from de-chlorinated brine.
page
| 143
Paper ID :
MO_10_ENV_33
Title
:
Heavy Metal Removal by Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches
(OPEFB) Biosorbent
Authors :
Safoura Daneshfozoun; Bawadi Abdullah; Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Abstract
This study developed an effective and economical physical pretreatment of OPEFB to be
used as biosorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions such as Cu+2, Zn+2 and Pb2+. The
effects of fibres sizes, metal ions concentration (100-1000 ppm), initial pH (4-10) and
contact time (20-150 min) were investigated in batch system. Samples were characterized
with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
and Fourier Transmission Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results showed pH-dependence
adsorption efficiency and increased adsorption with initial metal concentrations where
more than 92% adsorption efficiency achieved. We have successfully developed an ecofriendly, low cost adsorbent without any chemical modification or excessive energy
disposal.
Paper ID :
MO_10_RXN_43
Title
:
The Impact of the Composition of the Crude Oils on the
Wax Crystallization
Authors :
Arya Hosseinipour; Khalik M. Sabil; Andhy Arya Ekaputra;
Azuraien B. Japper; Lukman Ismail
Abstract
One of the major problems in petroleum industry is wax precipitation and deposition.
The component’s compositional and structural analysis of the crude oils is key factors to
be studied to mitigate wax formation and precipitation tendency for the betterment of
the crude oil flowability. In this work, the compositions and structures of two Malaysian
and Sudanese crude oil samples were determined to investigate their effects on wax
precipitation. The GC/MS was used to analyze hydrocarbon components. For this work,
high pressure micro differential scanning calorimetry (HPµDSC) is used to determine
the wax crystallization point and solubility curve. Results showed a linear relationship
between wax appearance temperature (WAT) and weight percentage of component in
the crude oil having > 14 carbon atoms. In addition, the effect of temperature on the
amount of wax precipitation has also been investigated.
144 | page
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_49
Title
:
Ecotoxicity of Pyridinium Based Ionic Liquids
Authors :
Nehal Farouk Mohamed; Mohamed Ibrahim Abdul Mutalib;
Mohammad Azmi B Bustam; Mohanad El-Harbawi
Abstract
Ionic Liquids (ILs) are an exciting class of compounds with unique properties that make
them attractive for industrial applications. Pyridinium-based ILs has been used in many
applications, such as organic synthesis, electrochemical applications, biocatalysis, and
polymerization. Although intensive information and data regarding to the physical
and thermodynamic properties of ILs have been reported and continuously published,
only limited data with regards to the toxicity and ecotoxicity of ILs were reported and
continuously published. Toxicity tests are conducted against many aquatic organisms such
as: Guppy fish Goldfish, and Zebrafish besides many different strains of Microorganisms
such as: Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Salmonella typhi. And yet more research
regarding the toxicity of ionic liquids is yet to be conducted to increase the toxicity
profile for these valuable chemicals.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_50
Title
:
Enhanced Lipid Content by Photobioreactor Cultivation of
Nannochloropsis oculata at Optimal Conditions
Authors :
Syed Muhammad Usman Shah; Ashfaq Ahmad; Mohd Fariduddin
Othman; Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Abstract
In this study, the optimal pH and salinity, photoperiod and light intensity, and nitrate,
phosphate and iron levels were utilized for cultivation of Nannochloropsis oculata in 5 L
photobioreactor. The maximum biomass of 0.62-0.96 gL-1 and cell density of 63.5-82.6
cells mL-1, with lipid content of 38-42 % were achieved. The highest productivity range,
X’max of 0.172-0.185 gL-1d-1, μmax of 0.21-0.24 d-1 and doubling time of 2.92-3.27 were
comparable to reported values.
page
| 145
Paper ID :
Title
:
MO_10_AMD_51
Characterization and Assessment of Cockle Shell as Potential CO2
Adsorbents
Authors :
Nurulhuda Azmi; Suzana Yusuf; Khalik M Sabil
Abstract
Material characterization is a crucial step to ensure the characteristics and properties of
the samples are comparable to the standard adsorbent and suitable for CO2 adsorption.
The objective of this work is to characterize natural calcium based materials for CO2
adsorption which are obtained from waste cockle shells. Characterization analyses are
conducted by using XRD, BET and FESEM. Material characterization indicates that raw
cockle shell is made up of aragonite and needle-like structure. It is also shown that CaCO2
can be decomposed to CaO through high temperature calcination process. Through
physisorption analysis, the samples are classified as mesoporous materials and it is
shown that calcined cockle shell is better than raw cockle shell in term of surface area
and pore volume. The results proved that calcium based materials could be successfully
employed as sorbent for CO2 separation.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_52
Title
:
Physicochemical Properties of Diethanolamine-Functionalized
Si-MCM-41
Authors :
Sohail Ahmed; Anita Ramli; Suzana Yusup
Abstract
Si-MCM-41 was functionalized with 10-50wt% loading of Diethanolamine (DEA) using
impregnation method and characterized for their physicochemical properties using XRD,
FTIR and HRTEM. Results show that the intensity of the diffraction peaks attributed to the
finger-prints of Si-MCM-41 decreases with increased loading of DEA. The peaks assign
to (110), (200), and (210) planes start to disappear at DEA loading as low as 10wt%.
FTIR spectra of DEA-Si-MCM-41 show presence of –N-H and –C-H peaks which confirms
the functionalization of Si-MCM-41 with DEA. HRTEM micrographs of all samples clearly
show the uniform hexagonal pore arrangement which proved the structural integrity of
Si-MCM-41 even after functionalization with 50 wt%.
146 | page
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_53
Title
:
Influence of Citric Acid and Curing Time on Water Uptake
Authors :
Sohibatul Muizzah Mohamad Izhar; Ku Zilati Ku Shaari; Zakaria Man;
Yon Norasyikin Samsudin
Abstract
Starch is highly promising biopolymer for the production of packaging material since
it gives films a good tensile and gas barrier properties. However, non-plasticized
starch films are brittle and their hydrophilic character results in poor moisture barrier
properties and high water sensitivity. In order to improve films formation and material
properties of starch, plasticization and chemical modification such as cross-linking of the
starch is required. The cross-linking reaction able to improve thermal stability, tensile
strength and decreased the dissolution of starch films in water and formic acid. From
the study, the percentage of water uptake reduced when the blending ratio of citric acid
increased. The percentage of water uptake highly affected by curing time compared to
blending ratio. Increasing the curing time from 1 hour to 2 hour significantly reduced the
percentage of water uptake. At 4 hour curing time, the percentage water uptake reached
equilibrium faster than 3 hour curing time. This shows that more citric acid molecules
were chemically bonded with the starch chains, resulting in higher cross link degree and
thus, reduced the percentage of water uptake.
Paper ID :
MO_10_AMD_54
Title
:
Mechanical activation of fly ash by high energy planetary ball mill
and the effects on physical and morphology properties
Authors :
Rashidah Mohamed Hamidi; Zakaria Man; Khairun Azizi Azizli;
Lukman Ismail; Mohd Fadhil Nuruddin
Abstract
Fly ash has a high potential to be converted into geopolymeric material due to its
abundant supplies and low cost. However, large particle size of the fly ash caused low
reactivity which results in low properties of the end product. The improvement on the
fly ash properties by mechanical activation allows it as a new possible raw material in
wider application besides solving the low reactivity issue which hindered its range of
utilization. In this study, fly ash was mechanically activated by high energy planetary
ball mill for 1 hour at different speed, ranging from 100 to 350 rpm and with varied
ball to powder ratio (2:1, 3:1 and 4:1). The effects towards its particle size, specific
surface area and morphology were determined by particle size analyzer and SEM. It was
observed that, increasing of speed to 350 rpm and 4:1 ball to powder ratio (BPR) results
in finest size of fly ash where at d(0.1), d(0.5) and d(0.9) the sizes were 1.861, 6.765 and
17.065µm respectively and largest surface specific area (1.46 m2/g).
page
| 147
Paper ID :
MP_01_PSE_34
Title
:
Three Region Risk Diagram for Inherent Safety Assessment
Authors :
Mardhati Zainal Abidin, Risza Rusli
Abstract
Implementation of inherently safer design (ISD) offers attractive benefits for economic
and safety. However, modification done via ISD principles that reduce one hazard may
affect the others by increase or introduce a new hazard. The trade-off issue cannot be
avoided due to the nature dependencies of process system. Therefore, the selection of
ISD needs to be done carefully in order to reduce potential of errors in decision making
process. In this paper, a trade-off of ISD option will be demonstrated by evaluating
inherent safety level using quantitative risk assessment analysis (QRA) methodology and
three region risk diagram.
Paper ID :
MP_01_PSE_35
Title
:
Supersaturated Gas Bubble Formation across an Orifice
Authors :
Zhen Hong Ban; Lau Kok Keong ; Azmi Mohd Shariff
Abstract
A solution could be made supersaturated when the physical conditions was altered. The
supersaturated gas would form bubble to bring the solution back to the equilibrium
condition. Bubble would first nucleated and then growth in the solution. This work was
aimed to simulate the bubble formation across an orifice, with sufficient pressure drop.
The CO2 was assumed to be made saturated at 6 atm in water, and formed bubble when
the solution flowed across the orifice. As the CO2 bubble formed across the orifice, the
volume of the CO2 gas occupied almost the whole space in the orifice. The mass of the
dissolved CO2 in water had decreased too as it had transferred into gas CO2.
Paper ID :
MP_01_PSE_36
Title
:
Study of Simultaneous Mass Transfer and Nucleation in Cryogenic
Packed Bed for the Removal of CO2 from Natural Gas
Authors :
Abul Hassan Ali; Atif Ashraf; Azmi Mohd Shariff; Saibal Ganguly
Abstract
A novel concept of separation of CO2 from natural gas is presented in this work using
cryogenic packed bed. The difference in the freezing points of components of natural
gas can be used to separate CO2 from natural gas in order to meet pipeline specification.
The 1-dimensional pseudo homogeneous model along with Avrami equation is used to
describe the process. The experimentation was conducted in order to validate the model
and the resulting simulation shows the good resemblance with the developed model.
148 | page
Paper ID :
MP_01_PSE_37
Title
:
Techno-economic Evaluation of Cryogenic Networks for Separation
of CO2 from Natural Gas
Authors :
Khuram Maqsood; Abul Hassan Ali; Azmi Mohd Shariff;
Saibal Ganguly
Abstract
Three different cryogenic networks for the separation of carbon dioxide from natural gas
have been simulated. Equipment sizing and cost estimation has been carried out for the
cryogenic networks using the correlation equations provided in the literature. Methane
losses and additive requirements in each network has been compared and evaluated.
Paper ID :
MP_01_PSE_38
Title
:
Hydrogen and Syngas Generation from Gasification of Coal in an
Integrated Fuel Processor
Authors :
Sujan Chowdhury; Abrar Inayat; Bawadi Abdullah; Abdul Aziz Bin
Omar; Saibal Ganguly
Abstract
Hydrogen is a clean and new energy carrier to generate power and effectively turned
out through the gasification of organic material such as coal. The main objective of this
manuscript is to present an analysis of the coal gasification for the generation of highpurity hydrogen in a lab-scale fixed-bed downdraft gasifier. Better understanding of the
rank, formation, structure, composition and calorific value and method of analysis of
the material is crucial for the proper utilization of these resources requires. Traditionally
the quality of the Coal samples has been determined by their physical and proximate
analysis, such as, bulk density, free swelling index, gross calorific value, sulfur, moisture,
fixed carbon, volatile matter and ash content. In this study, coal is partially oxidized and
ultimately converts into hydrogen rich syngas (CO and H2). As well, approximately 220
kg h−1 of coal would be gasified at 673–1073 K and 46.2 atm with the reactor volume
0.27m3 to obtain approximately 3.8×105 kcal h−1 of thermal energy during over 67%
syngas generation with the generation of 110kW electrical powers.
page
| 149
Paper ID :
MP_01_ENV_24
Title
:
Optimization of Ethanol Production from Mango Peels using
Response Surface Methodology
Authors :
Muhammad Ridzuan Abdul Ghani; Oh Pei Ching
Abstract
This study aims to optimize bioethanol production from mango peels using Response
Surface Methodology (RSM). The effect of temperature (25–40oC), yeast concentration
(6–14 g/ml) and fermentation time (48–96 hours) on bioethanol yield was investigated.
Prior to the fermentation process, mango peels were treated with 0.25–1% (w/v)
sulphuric acid. Optimum glucose yield was obtained at 0.25% (w/v) sulphuric acid. RSM
using 3-factor 2-level central composite design (CCD) was employed to evaluate and
optimize the synthesis parameters. Based on numerical optimization, the optimum
fermentation conditions were at 38oC using 6 g/ml yeast for 48 hours, giving a yield of
7.34 g/ml bioethanol.
Paper ID :
MP_01_ENV_34
Title
:
Methylene Blue Removal from Aaqueous Solution by Hylocereus
Undatus (Dragon Fruit) Foliage
Authors :
Zurina Zainal Abidin; Mohd Halim; Shah Ismail; Fakhru’l-Razi
Ahmadun; Zahra Haddadian
Abstract
Dragon fruit foliage in its natural form was applied for decolonization of methylene
blue, a cationic dye from aqueous solution. The effects of major parameters like initial
dye concentration, pH, adsorbent dose, temperature, and ion strength and contact
time were investigated in batch experimental set-up. Surface study was carried out
by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET). Adsorption data were analyzed by applying
Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. Kinetics of interactions was investigated
by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion mechanisms.
Data of Experiments fitted well to the pseudo-second order kinetics model for dye. It
was concluded that isotherm data of MB followed by Freundlich isotherm model. The
thermodynamic data indicated that the adsorption was endothermic process. The
optimum values for removal of methylene blue were identified to be pH 9.0, contact
time = 1800 min, biosorbent dosage = 1.2 g L−1, initial dye concentration = 250mg L−1.
Desorption study of the dye revealed that maximum desorption of 49.666% was attained
by H2SO4 0.1N. All in all, the present results suggest that foliage of dragon fruit as an
agricultural by product could be an environmental friendly and low cost biosorbent, may
be useful for the removal of MB from aqueous media.
150 | page
Paper ID :
MP_01_ENV_36
Title
:
Study the Release of Urea from Agrium Coated Urea Using UV-Vis
Spectrometer
Authors :
Thanh H. Trinh; Quyen N. Dao; KuZilati KuShaari; Lukman Ismail;
Anis Suhaila Shuib
Abstract
Elucidating the release pattern of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) is important not just
for manufactures but also for farmers because it assists them in making judgments of
fertilizer effectiveness and nutrient planning. Investigation on the release pattern of
different types of CRF both in the laboratory and in the crop-field is crucial in order to
determine the effectiveness of fertilizer on plant growth. Consequently, the fertilizer
application could be planned to meet the crop requirement. This paper presents a
practical approach to analyze the release pattern using Agrium® coated urea. UV-Vis
spectrometer is employed to analyze the amount of nitrogen released. The approach
reduced analytical error by preventing sample dilution before measuring. According to
laboratory results, UV-Vis spectrometer has shown a good potential to be used in studying
the nutrient release behavior from CRF. A sigmoidal shape has been obtained from the
release profile, and is corresponded with findings in other studies. The results satisfy the
criteria for CRF specified by European Committee for Standardization. Collectively, this
study demonstrated that the UV-Vis spectrometer is promising equipment which can be
utilized in studying controlled release behavior.
Paper ID :
MP_01_ENV_37
Title
:
Palm Bio-oil Upgrading Research-TowardsEffective Utilization
of Waste
Authors :
Noor Azean Mat Salleh; Bawadi Abdullah; Ruzaimah Nik Mohamad
Kamil
Abstract
Biomass utilization has arouse great attention and interest in recent years as it offers
a net zero carbon footprint and abundantly available. This paper reviews the biomass
avaibility in Malaysia and discusses the biomass utilization and upgrading research
of biomass pyrolysis oil. Furthermore, some suggestions presented on upgrading the
biomass products for effective utilization of waste.
page
| 151
Paper ID :
MP_01_ENV_38
Title
:
Monoethanolamine (MEA) Wastewater Treatment using
Photo-Fenton Oxidation
Authors :
Che Nurjulaikha Haji Che Maszelan; Azizul Buang
Abstract
Monoalkanolamine (MEA) is useful for scrubbing acidic gases such as carbon dioxide,
CO2 in flue gas from oil and gas industries. However, small portion of MEA is carried out
during the process and being discharged into the wastewater. The organic properties
of MEA make it resilience to the conventional wastewater treatment. Photo-Fenton
oxidation is studied as a potential way of treating the MEA. Photo-Fenton is a method
of producing hydroxyl radical from reaction of ferrous ion, Fe2+ and hydrogen peroxide,
H2O2 with UV light. The hydroxyl radicals will then attack MEA and formed the
degradation product. The scope of study is to treat synthetic MEA wastewater with the
presence of UV light. Different concentration of ferrous ion and hydrogen peroxide is
being tested. The removal efficiency is observed through the Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
value of the wastewater after 30 minutes of experiment. It is found that the percentage
of TOC removal is higher with presence of UV light compared to without UV light. It is
also found that for this project, the optimum concentration of ferrous ion is at 0.014M
whereby for hydrogen peroxide, the optimum concentration is at 1.6M with both giving
highest TOC removal at 99%.
Paper ID :
MP_01_RXN_45
Title
:
Review on Extraction and Characterization of Castor Seed Oil
Authors :
Muhammad Fitri Jamil; Yoshimitsu Uemura; Noridah Osman;
Katsuki Kusakabe; Suzana Yusup
Abstract
Extraction of castor oil is important in determination of the quality of castor oil
extracted. The quality of castor oil being extracted has to meet the ASTM standard
that has been produced. The way of extraction can be either mechanical extraction or
chemical extraction that is practically used in the industry which give the highest yield of
oil extracted. Castor oil is mainly composed of ricinoleic acid in high concentration. It is
a unique vegetable oil that contains high content of fatty hydroxyacid.
152 | page
Paper ID :
MP_01_AMD_83
Title
:
Chemical Pretreatment Comparison for Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch:
A Review
Authors :
Sumayyah Tsabitah; Abdul Aziz Omar; Lukman Ismail
Abstract
Lignocellulosic waste such as oil palm empty fruit bunch has attracted many researchers
to convert this biomass into biofuel or cellulose fiber. With its complex structure of
lignocellulosic, pretreatment is needed to enhance its digestibility to be processed
next. Lignin content and distribution is responsible for recalcitrance of lignocellulosic
material, therefore delignification process can improve the rate and extent of enzymatic
hydrolysis. Pretreatment of OPEFB that maily aim for delignification can be classified
as biological, physical, chemical, and physical-chemical pretreatment. Most common
chemical pretreatment of OPEFB are alkaline pretreatment, dilute acid pretreatment,
and organosolv delignification. High efficiency of delignification can be achieved by
combining several methods.
Paper ID :
MP_01_ENV_26
Title
:
Heavy Metal Ions Removal Using Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous
Adsorbents
Authors :
Neo Hui Ying; Yeong Yin Fong
Abstract
In the present work, the adsorption of heavy metal ions using amine-functionalized
MCM-41 was investigated. Amine-functionalized MCM-41 was synthesized by
introducing tertiary amine functional group namely 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)
ethylamino] propyltrimethoxysilane (AEPTMS) into MCM-41 through co-condensation
method. The structural properties of the resultant adsorbents were characterized using
elemental analysis, FTIR, and N2adsorption-desorption.Amine-functionalized MCM-41
demonstrated its effectiveness in Cu2+ removal by adsorbed 4.52 mg/L as compared to
MCM-41 which only adsorbed 0.94 mg/L.
page
| 153
Notes
154 | page

ESTCON2014 Technical programME

Transcription

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