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High-Performance Halogen-free Solutions for Greener
High-Performance Halogen-free Solutions for Greener Electronics Engineering Polymers for E/E and Consumer Electronics © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 The Right Combination for Success ► Environmental Compliance ‒ Flame resistant / Halogen free Environmental Compliance ‒ RoHS ‒ WEEE ‒ REACH ► Proven Solution ‒ Vectra® LCP is V-0 without additives Proven Solution Project Support ‒ Is used in many high-performance connector applications ► Project Support ‒ Tooling / design knowledge ‒ Moldflow, mechanical analysis experts ‒ Technical processing specialists Performance Driven Solutions from Ticona © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 2 The Engineered Materials Business of Celanese Corporation Part of the Advanced Engineered Materials (AEM) Business Celanese Net Sales 2012 $6.4 Billion Consumer Specialties* 18% Acetyl Intermediates* 44% AEM 20% 2012 AEM Sales $1.26 Billion Industrial Specialties 18% *Excludes intersegment sales.” Celanese Engineered Materials is a Leading Global Supplier of ETPs © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 3 Celanese Maintains Leading Position in Engineered Materials Service temperature Engineering Polymers High-Performance Polymers (HPP) (TI1 > 150°C) Engineering Polymers (ETP) (TI1 90 – 150°C) Basic Polymers LCP – Vectra® /Zenite® PPS – Fortron® PCT – Thermx® PET – Impet® PBT – Celanex® PBT Alloy – Vandar® TPC-ET – Riteflex® POM – Hostaform®/Celcon® UHMW-PE – GUR® Long Fiber and Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics* Amorphous Partially crystalline LFRT – Celstran®, Factor ® Compel® CFR-TP – Celstran® Tapes, Rods and Profiles TI1 = Temperature Index * with Matrix Polymers: PP, PA, PPS, PBT, POM and others on request © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 4 High Performance Materials Properties Product Extreme Temperature Medical Grade Chemical Abrasion Resistance Resistance Dielectric Strength Functional Aesthetics Celanex® (Polyester engineering resins) Celstran® */ Factor® / Compel® (Long fiber reinforced thermoplastics) Fortron® (Polyphenylene sulfide) GUR® (Ultra-high molecular weight PE) Hostaform® POM (Polyacetals) Thermx® (polycycohexylene dimethylene terephthalate) Vectra® / Zenite® (Liquid crystal polymer) *Only Celstran made from Fortron or other high-temperature base polymers © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 5 Global Network – Strong Global Presence Winona, MN Oberhausen, Germany Industriepark Hoechst, Frankfurt, Germany Kaiserslautern, Germany Sulzbach, Germany Auburn Hills, MI Florence, KY Beijing, China Wilmington, NC Bishop, TX Shelby, NC Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia Guangzhou, China Hong Kong Seoul, Korea Tochigi, Japan Tokyo, Japan Fuji City, Japan Nanjing, China Shanghai, China Nantong, China Taipei, Taiwan Dafa, Taiwan Kuantan, Malaysia Singapore Suzano, Brazil São Paulo, Brazil Celanese Strategic Affiliates Ventures of Affiliates Celanese Engineered Materials – A Global Footprint © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 6 Engineering Polymers and Solutions ► Global supplier – Production facilities in Americas, Europe and Asia ► Global presence – Leading position in most products / regions ► Significant sales – $1.06 Billion in 2008 ► Diverse portfolio – High-quality engineering plastics ► Added value – Solutions provider and technology enabler We Deliver Performance Driven Solutions © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 7 Why Halogen-Free Materials? “Instead of adding new fire-retardant chemicals that ultimately may be shown to cause health problems, we should be asking whether we need to use these chemicals or if there are other ways to achieve equivalent fire safety,” contends Arlene Blum, a biophysical chemist and visiting scholar at the University of California, Berkeley. “So many of the chemicals we have banned in the past were flame retardants—think about asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated biphenyls, tris(2,3dibromopropyl) phosphate, PBDEs—[and] they all ended up in the environment and in people,” she points out. “We need to think carefully about adding these sorts of chemicals to consumer products before there is adequate health information.” Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 116, Number 5, May 2008 Consumer Safety Should Be Primary Focus © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 8 Green Electronics Non-Government Organizations Are Driving the Change. Being Green Makes Good Business Sense © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 9 Guide to Greener Electronics ► Cell phone companies leading the industry, computer companies falling behind Nintendo Lenovo Fujitsu Microsoft Acer HP © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 LGE Dell Apple Panasonic Halogen-free Solutions Sharp Sony Motorola Toshiba Philips Sony Ericsson Samsung Nokia 10 Why Halogen-Free Materials? “HP continues to put hazardous products on the market,” said Greenpeace International Toxics Campaigner Casey Harrell in a statement. “Apple has led the sector in phasing out of these toxic chemicals. HP should be following Apple’s lead, instead of breaking its commitment and delaying action.” According to Greenpeace, HP has postponed a commitment it made in 2007 to eliminate materials such as brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics from its computing products. Greenpeace regards the materials as toxic and has asked PC makers to offer products free of it. PVC and BFRs can release dioxin, a carcinogen, when burned, says Greenpeace. HP has reportedly delayed its compliance by up to two years, from 2009 to 2011. © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 11 Why Halogen-Free Materials? From Apple website – Toxic Substance Removal The greatest environmental challenge facing our industry today is the presence of arsenic, brominated flame retardants (BFRs), mercury, phthalates, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in products. In keeping with our philosophy over the last decade, Apple is not waiting for legislation to ban these substances. Not only is every Mac, iPod, and iPhone free of PVC2 and BFRs, we are also qualifying thousands of components to be free of elemental bromine and chlorine, putting us years ahead of anyone in the industry. In addition, all MacBook Pro models feature displays with mercury-free backlighting and arsenic-free glass. © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 12 Green Electronics Interpretation of Green Electronics ► No Lead ► No Mercury ► No Hexavalent Chromium (VI) RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC): Not more than 0.1% by weight of component ► No Bromine compounds ► No Chlorine compounds ► No Cadmium ► No Phthalate esters RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC): Not more than 0.01% by weight of component NGOs driving additional restrictions ► No Beryllium ► No Antimony Celanese Enables Eco-Friendly Innovation © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 13 Challenges in Materials for Electronics Halogen-Free Materials Elimination of Halogen Flame Retardants Must Have Both Properties High Temperature Halogen-Free Polymers Increased Thermal Stability to Meet Lead-Free Soldering Requirements Lead-Free Soldering Process RoHS & WEEE © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 14 Halogen-Free Definition ► Per IPC JEDEC JP-709, Halogen Restrictions: ‒ 900 ppm max Cl ‒ 900 ppm max Br ‒ F (Fluorine), I (Iodine), At (Astatine) are not restricted Source: IPC/Intel Halogen Free Symposium 2008 © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 15 Consumer Electronics Industry Goes Halogen Free; Sony & Apple Lead the Way 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 We Can Help You Achieve Your Implementation Target © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 16 Key Drivers for Halogen-Free Materials Public Awareness Environmental Laws Marketing Greenpeace ► Driving the initiative EU RoHS: ► Lead and five other substances banned ► TBBPA to be on the watch list Promote corporate environmentally friendly image OEMs ► Now seeking “halogenfree” solutions/pushing down supply chains © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Major OEMs committed to eliminate brominated flame retardants Norwegian PoHS ► Apple (PVC and BFR (Prohibition on certain hazardous substances) by the end of 2008 – ► Bans TBBPA and HBCD iPhones / iPods) and restricts 16 other ► Dell (BFR 2010) substances ► HP (BFR and PVC 2011) Halogen-free Solutions 17 Plastic Usage in Connectors* Source: IPC/Intel Halogen Free Symposium 2008 © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 18 Celanese Portfolio for Connectors Signal/Backplane (DIN, IEC Stds, VME, Multibus, etc.) LCP PBT PCT PA Processor/Chip Sockets (uPGA, PLCC, etc.) LCP PPS PBT Disk Drive (Serial ATA, SCSI, Fibre Channel, etc.) LCP PA PBT PCT PPA ABS I/O (USB, IEEE1394, PCI, PCI Exp, Gb Ethernet, etc.) Power (includes VRM) LCP PA PPO PBT PCT LCP PP PA PCT PPA LCP PPA PBT LCP PPS PC PA PBT PBT PPA PCT PC Modjack Memory (e.g. DDR) LCP PCT PPO ABS Memory Card PA PPA Board-to-Board PPA FFC PBT PA LCP Halogen-Free UL 94 V-0 ► Fortron® PPS ► Vectra® LCP ► Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET ► Celanex® XFR® PBT Broad Portfolio of V-0 Halogen-Free Products © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 19 Halogen-Free Opportunities Performance Vectra® LCP LCP Traditional HT PA FR - Halogenated Lead-Free Soldering Fortron® PPS Celanex® XFR® PBT Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Traditional PA/PBT FR and PVC Halogenated Price © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 20 Polyester Halogen-Free Solutions Celanex® XFR® PBT and Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Polyesters with a Halogen-Free Flame Retardant System ► "BEST" flame retardance efficiency (Celanex V-0 @ 0.4 mm; Riteflex V-0 @ 1.5 mm) Higher CTI (425-600oC) and GWIT (700-850°C) depending on thickness and grade) performance vs. conventional halogenated flame retardant PBT grades Lower density (~8%) vs. conventional FR-PBT products Excellent colorability and exceptionally good color retention after UV exposure No outgassing or leaching, which can cause corrosion No toxic corrosive gases emitted either in fire or during processing XFR products can be processed by standard injection molding and extrusion methods Broadest halogen-free polyester portfolio currently in the market ► Performance ► ► ► Vectra® LCP ► ► Fortron® PPS Lead-Free Soldering ► Celanex® XFR® PBT Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Price © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 21 Polyester Halogen-Free Solutions Celanex® XFR® PBT and Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Celanex XFR 4840 Unreinforced Celanex XFR 6842 GF 10 10% glass fiber reinforced Celanex XFR 6842 GF 15 15% glass fiber reinforced Celanex XFR 6842 GF 20 20% glass fiber reinforced Celanex XFR 6842 GF 30 30% glass fiber reinforced Riteflex XFR 440 Unreinforced, Shore D 40 hardness Riteflex XFR 655 Unreinforced, Shore D 55 hardness Performance Vectra® LCP Fortron® PPS For Celanex® PBT and Riteflex® TPC-ET Information: Lead-Free Soldering Americas Jeanne Pilis Phone: 859 372 3168 E-mail: [email protected] Celanex® XFR® PBT Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Price © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 22 Phosphorus Flame Retardants for Engineering Plastics HIGH PERFORMANCE (Available After 2006) OrganoPhosphinates PERFORMANCE Phosphinic Acid Salts Phosphate Esters COMMODITY Red Phosphorous © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 23 Performance of Phosphorus Flame Retardants in Engineering Plastics "BEST IN CLASS" Organo-Phosphinates ® ► Broad processing window ► Good mechanicals Phosphinic Acid Salts ► Inferior FR performance ► Beginning decomposition underprocessing conditions ► Safety and health hazards Phosphate Esters Red Phosphorus ► Plasticizes the resin ► High loadings required ► Blooming and heat aging ► For black grades only ► handling and processing concerns problems © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 24 Inherently Flame Resistant Fortron® PPS Fortron® PPS ► High end-use continuous temperature (especially 160°C+) ► Broad chemical resistance without attack or degradation ► Creep resistance, especially at elevated temperatures ► Dimensional stability = low shrink, CTE, absorption Performance ► High temperature assembly (lead-free soldering to 270°C) ► Thin wall design / weldline integrity Vectra® LCP ► Excellent electrical properties ► Hardness, abrasion resistance Fortron® PPS Lead-Free Soldering ► UL 94 V-0 5VA and high limiting oxygen index (LOI) without additives Celanex® XFR® PBT Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Price © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 25 Inherently Flame Resistant Fortron® PPS Fortron 1140LC6 40% Glass fiber reinforced Chlorine level <900 ppm Fortron 1130 L4 30% Glass fiber reinforced Standard grade Fortron 1140 L4/L6 40% Glass fiber reinforced Standard grade Fortron 4184 L4/L6 53% Filler/reinforcement Standard grade Fortron 6165 A4/A6 65% Filler/reinforcement Standard grade Performance For Fortron® PPS Information: Americas John Dole Phone: 859 372 3251 E-mail: [email protected] Vectra® LCP Fortron® PPS Lead-Free Soldering Europe Achim Hofmann Phone: +49 6107 772 1507 E-mail: [email protected] Celanex® XFR® PBT Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Price © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 26 Low Chlorine Fortron® PPS Chloride belongs to normal chemistry of all Polyphenylene Sulfides It is no attribute of flame retardants or other additives New Fortron® PPS Grade Contains Less Than 900 ppm Chlorine © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 27 Low Chlorine Fortron® PPS ► New grade of Fortron PPS meet new environmental requirements by containing less than 900 ppm chlorine. ► This will enable manufacturers of connectors, switches and other electric and electronic applications to comply with current and anticipated environmental standards Fortron 1140LC6 ► High blister-free temperature resistance enables lead-free soldering ► UL94 V-0 flame resistance without additives ► High flow, especially for thin walled connectors ► Halogen free according to IPC JEDEC JP-709, Chlorine content <900ppm © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 28 Fortron® PPS 1140LC6 Property Units 1140L4/L6 1140LC6 Specific Gravity g/cm3 1.65 1.66 Water Absorption % 0.02 0.02 Mold Shrinkage – Flow Direction* % 0.2-0.6 0.2-0.6 Mold Shrinkage – Transverse Direction* % 0.4-0.6 0.4-0.6 Tensile Strength, 1.8 MPa MPa 195 190 Flexural Strength, 1.8 MPa MPa 285 265 Flexural Modulus, 1.8 MPa MPa 14,500 13,500 Notched Izod kJ/m2 10 11 MDT/A @ 1.8 MPa °C 270 260 Drop-in Solution for Existing PPS 40% GF Components © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 29 Vectra® LCP – Halogen-Free Flame Resistance Without Additives Vectra® LCP ► UL 94 V-0 5VA flame resistance without additives ► High temperature resistance (340°C, short-term) for lead-free soldering ► Recyclable – regrind usage up to 50% with UL approval Performance ► Allows thin wall designs ► Extremely fast cycle times ► Flash free molding Vectra® LCP ► Very low coefficient of thermal expansion ► Excellent dimensional stability Fortron® PPS Lead-Free Soldering Celanex® XFR® PBT Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Price © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 30 Vectra® LCP – Halogen-Free Flame Resistance Without Additives Performance Vectra E130i 30% Glass fiber reinforced Easy flow, multipurpose Vectra V143LC 40% Glass fiber reinforced Improved weldline Vectra E488i 45% Filler/reinforcement Best flatness Vectra E471i 35% Filler/reinforcement Improved flatness Vectra E473i 32% Filler/reinforcement Flatness, high flow Vectra S135 35% Glass fiber reinforced Very high heat resistance Vectra S475 32% Filler/reinforcement Flatness, very high flow For Vectra® LCP Information: Americas Edson Ito Phone: 859 372 3149 E-mail: [email protected] Vectra® LCP Fortron® PPS Lead-Free Soldering Europe Achim Hofmann Phone: +49 6107 772 1507 E-mail: [email protected] Celanex® XFR® PBT Riteflex® XFR® TPC-ET Price © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 31 Vectra® LCP Grade Selection Guideline E488i, S471, S475, V143LC S471 S135 E130i E471i E473i S471 S475 General Purpose Standard Grade S135 V143LC E830i Pd E820iLDS E840iLDS © 2013 Celanese EE-002 EE-002ENAM 10/13 © 2009 Ticona - Halogen-Free 10/09 Halogen-free Solutions Flatness Improvement Heat Resistance Improvement Flow Improvement Weld or Knit Line Improvement Platable Grades 32 Vectra® LCP – Improved Flatness E488i, S471, S475, V143LC Warpage in 1 plane Z Y X Warpage in 2 planes Z Y X © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 33 Vectra® LCP – Heat Resistance S471 S135 350 Degradation S135 S135 340 330 o HDT , C 320 310 Sensor Housing T130 300 290 280 E130i Vectra Others 270 260 320 340 360 380 400 o Melt Point, C LED © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 34 Vectra® LCP – Flow Improvement E488i E473i, S471 S475 Vectra E130i PPS 40 PCT PPA Each molded at manufacturer’s recommended conditions and three injection pressures normalized to 30 Kpsi. Cavity thickness = 0.125 in. PET FR 0 50 100 150 Spiral Flow (Inches) 100 Flowability (0.5 mm thickness) by Injection Pressure (MPa) 60 Mpa 80 Mpa 100 Mpa 90 Flow length (mm) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 A130 © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 E130i E471i S135 Halogen-free Solutions S471 S475 35 Vectra® LCP – Weldline Improvement S135, V143LC Load Head Speed 3 mm./min. Weldline Tensile Strength, MPa 45 41 40 35 32 30 25 25 20 Sample 15 10 5 0 V143XL V143LC LCP Weldline strength (ISO weldline tensile bar) of V143LC is 60% higher than competitive LCP. © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 36 Vectra® LCP – Platable Grades E830i Pd, E820iLDS and E840iLDS E 820iPD Platable LCP Platable LCP MID LDS E 830iPD E 830iPD © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 37 Part Cost Evaluation – V-0 Solution Cost/1000 parts 100 1.58 6.93 6.76 24.48 75 3.00 3.89 US$ ► Board to Board Connector Tool ‒ 8 cavity tool; 50 64.14 25 ‒ 5 g parts; ‒ Machine/hour cost = US$ 35; ‒ Replacement of HTPA FR V-0; ‒ Minimum tooling modifications; ‒ 10,000,000 part tool lifetime; ‒ Even though Vectra® is approved by UL to use 50% regrind on this simulation 15% was considered 4.80 61.67 0 FR HT PA Price Density Design / Volume Regrind Tooling Advantage Machine Tool Maint. Cost LCP Cost Per Lbs Does Not Tell the Full Story © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 38 Halogen-Free High-Temperature Nylons are Not an Option For Electronics ► Processing Issues ► Corrosion ‒ During injection molding process, these plastics corrode barrels, screws and tooling ‒ By-products from corrosion can contaminate final product causing adverse failure modes ‒ The normal alloy screw can last approximately 6 months; alternately, anti-corrosion screws are very expensive © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 39 Part Cost Evaluation – V-0 Solution ► Connector Tool (High Speed Connector) ‒ No blister were reported at SMT soldering ‒ Robust solution on V-0 without additional risks ‒ Halogen free ‒ UL-V0 approvals at 0.2 mm ‒ Additional production benefits 8 hour shift Month/5 day week Hours/Day 8 16 24 8 16 24 FR HT PA 19,200 38,400 57,600 384,000 768,000 1,152,000 LCP 28,800 57,600 86,400 576,000 1,152,000 1,728,000 Delta 9,600 19,200 28,800 192,000 384,000 576,000 4 8 12 80 160 240 0.17 0.33 0.50 3.33 6.67 10.00 140.00 280.00 420.00 2,800.00 5,600.00 8,400.00 Hours Days Total cost US$ Additional Financial Benefits – Up to US $100K/Year © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 40 Halogen-Free Materials Considerations ► Changing plastic materials is not trivial ‒ Plastics are not “drop-in” replacements due to varying shrink rates ‒ Mold modifications typically required; design changes not uncommon ‒ Changes typically require product testing and re-qualification ‒ Requires significant investment of engineering time and money ► Celanese provides ‒ World-class engineering polymers ‒ Global reach, local resources ‒ Deep technical knowledge ‒ Design and application development experience Celanese Can Help You Navigate the Green Landscape © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 41 V-0 Halogen-free Material Considerations Wall thickness Vectra® S475 – Super flow; high temperature; low warp Vectra S135 – High flow; highest HDT <0.4 mm Vectra E473i – Good flow; low warp Vectra E471i – Good balance of flow, flatness and HDT Vectra E130i – High flow; high HDT ≥0.4 mm ≥0.8 mm Vectra E488i – Good flow; low warp Vectra V143LC – Good flow; high weldline strength Chlorine Level < 900 (ppm) Fortron 1140LC6 – Good flow; high mechanical strength Chlorine Level < 900 (ppm) Vectra E150i – Good flow; high stiffness Celanex® XFR Lead-Free Solderable Not Lead-Free Solderable Note: All grades Br free © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 42 The Right Combination for Success Product Performance Processing Support Total Cost Performance Driven Solutions from Celanese © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 43 Disclaimer Contact Information This publication was printed on 1 October, 2013 based on Celanese’s present state of knowledge, and Celanese undertakes no obligation to update it. Because conditions of product use are outside Celanese’s control, Celanese makes no warranties, express or implied, and assumes no liability in connection with any use of this information. Nothing herein is intended as a license to operate under or a recommendation to infringe any patents. Americas Copyright © 2013 Celanese or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8040 Dixie Highway, Florence, KY 41042 USA Product Information Service t: +1-800-833-4882 t: +1-859-372-3244 Customer Service t: +1-800-526-4960 t: +1-859-372-3214 e: [email protected] Europe Am Unisys-Park 1, 65843 Sulzbach, Germany Product Information Service t: +(00)-800-86427-531 t: +49-(0)-69-45009-1011 e: [email protected] Asia 4560 Jinke Road, Zhang Jiang Hi Tech Park Shanghai 201203 PRC Customer Service t: +86 21 3861 9266 f: +86 21 3861 9599 e: [email protected] © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 44 Back Up © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 UL94 Flame Rating Explained Horizontal Rating HB ► Specimens must not have a burning rate greater than 1.5 inches/minute for thicknesses between 0.120 and 0.500 inches and 3 inches/minute for thicknesses less than 0.120 inches ► Specimens must stop burning before the flame reaches the 4 inch mark Flame rating of glass fiber reinforced PA 4.6 without flame retarders © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 46 UL94 Flame Rating Explained Vertical Testing V-2 ► Specimens must not burn with flaming combustion for more than 30 seconds after either test flame application ► Specimens can drip flaming particles that ignite the cotton ► No specimen can have glowing combustion remain for longer than 60 seconds after removal of the test flame Flame rating of neat PA 4.6 without flame retarders © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 47 UL94 Flame Rating Explained Vertical Testing V-2 Vertical Testing V-0 ► Specimens must not burn with flaming ► Specimens must not burn with flaming combustion for more than 30 seconds combustion for more than 10 seconds after either test flame application after either test flame application ► Specimens can drip flaming ► Specimens must not drip flaming particles that ignite the cotton particles that ignite the cotton ► No specimen can have glowing ► No specimen can have glowing combustion remain for longer than 60 combustion remain for longer than 30 seconds after removal of the test seconds after removal of the test flame flame Flame rating of neat and glass fiber reinforced Vectra® LCP (inherent flame resistance without additives) © 2013 Celanese EE-002 AM 10/13 Halogen-free Solutions 48
