TUNNEL

0
The
The government
government of
of the
the SOCIALIST
SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
REPUBLIC OF
OF VIETNAM
VIETNAM
HO
’S COMMITTEE
HO CHI
CHI MINH
MINH CITY
CITY PEOPLE
PEOPLE’S
COMMITTEE
TUNNEL
JAPAN
Official Development Assistance
1
TUNNEL Sub-Sector (Civil)
IMAGE
IMAGE OF
OF TUNNEL
TUNNEL ENTRANCE
ENTRANCE
2
Traffic in Tunnel (Immersed Section)
3
PROFILE OF THE TUNNEL
4
FLOW CHART OF BASIC DESIGN FOR IMMERSED TUNNEL
What are the Concept?
Sound Structure
Functional Structure
Aesthetic Structure
Structural Safety
Useful for traffic
Safety for Emergency
Ventilation and Lighting
Landscape of Tunnel
Entrance
View of Inner Space
Which is Better?
How to Construct?
Where is the most
likely?
Tunnel Cross Section
RC Type Unit at
Casting Basin
Just on the Alignment
Hybrid type Unit with
Floating Fabrication
Other than Site
5
COMPARISON OF IMMERESED TUNNEL CROSS SECTIONS
BASIC PLAN
ALTERNATIVE PLAN
Characteristics
of Cross
Section
Traffic Safety
500 500
EMERGENCY
WAY
500 750
10500
INSPECTION WAY
• 2m wide Emergency pathway is provided on the both sides.
• Vehicles ducts width is 12.25m.
TUNNEL FACILITY
4700
DRIVEWAY
9050
32.50
31500
4700
DRIVEWAY
EMERGENCY
WAY
750 500
10500
INSPECTION WAY
4700
Cross Section
9050
33.50
32500
750 500
10500
INSPECTION WAY
DRIVEWAY
DRIVEWAY
EMERGENCY
500 WAY 500
4700
ITEM
TUNNEL FACILITY
10500
500 750
INSPECTION WAY
• 2m wide Emergency pathway is provided on the center of
cross section.
• Same as the left.
• Same as the left.
• The vehicle duct width is enough for motorcycles.
* Good.
* Good.
Serviceability in • Serviceability in the traffic accident, fire accident and
• Serviceability is inferior to the Basic Plan for walking pass
maintenance work is good for emergency pass-way duct
an Emergency
is narrow long and complicated.
are on the both sides and enough width.
and
* Good.
Maintenance
* Good.
Construction
Cost of
Immersed
Tunnel
Others
• 74.04 MUS$ (include casting basin) 100%.
• 71.8 MU$ (include casting basin) 97%
* Good.
* Good.
• This cross section was agreed by the Prime Minister of
Vietnam in 5 July, 2000.
* Good.
Total Evaluation
• Serviceability of emergency pass-way is higher than
Alternative.
• This cross section was agreed by the Prime Minister.
• Alternative is inferior to the Basic Plan.
6
STRUCTURE TYPES OF IMMERSED TUNNEL
TYPE-1:
TYPE-3:
Reinfored Concrete Structure
Construction at a Casting Basin
Steel-Concrete Composite Structure (Open Sandwich)
Construction at a DRY DOCK OR FLOATING CONDITION
RC Member
Open Sandwiich Member
RC Member
Skin Plate as a From & Water Proof
Main Reinforcement Bar
Normal
Concrete
Stirrup
Main Reinforcement Bar
Stirrup
Stiffner
Normal
Concrete
Steel Plate
Fabricate Full Steel Shell at the Dock or the Works
Steel Shell can be towed as build
Casting Concrete in the Dock or Casting Basin
TYPE-2:
Reinfored Concrete Structure With Steel Shell
Casting Concrete at DRY DOCK YARD
RC Member
TYPE-4:
Steel-Concrete Composite Structure (Full Sandwich)
Casting Concrete at a DRY DOCK or Floating Condition
Full Sandwich Member
Skin Plate as a From & Water Proof
Skin Plate as a From & Water Proof
Skin Plate
Main Reinforcement Bar
Normal
Concrete
Stirrup
Shear
Reinforcing
Plate
High Fluidy
Concrete
Stiffner
Steel Plate
(t=10mm)
Fabricate Full Steel Shell AND PLACING CONCRETE at the Dock
Filling High Fludity Concrete up to Double Steel Hull
No Reinforced Bars
Fabricate Full Steel Shell at the Dock
Casting Concrete AT DRY DOCK OR FLOATING CONDITION
7
Comparison
Comparison of
of Structure
Structure Type
Type for
for Immersed
Immersed Tunnel
Tunnel
Structure Type
Location for
Fabrication of Steel
Shell
Location for
Concrete Placing
Kinds of Concrete
and Placing
Type-1
Reinforced Concrete
Type-4
Full Sandwich
• Dry dock yard
• Same as the left
• Same as the left
• Casting Basin
• Dry Dock
• Same as the left
• Same as the left
• Normal concrete.
• No Problem
• Normal concrete.
• Difficult for Floating
Condition
• Normal Concrete
• Same as the left
Fair
• Much (steel)
Fair
• Same as the left
• Need for CorrosionProtect of Steel
Plate
36 months
US$81.4 M (110%)
• Same as the left
• Super plasticizer concrete
• Same as the left
• High concrete technology
are needed.
Fair
• Much (steel, cement)
Not Good
• Same as the left
36months
US$81.4 M (110%)
35 months
------
----------
US$78.4 M (106%)
US$84.87 M (120%)
• Not much
• Simple.
Maitenance
38 months
Construction Period
Construction Cost US$74.0 M (100%) Good.
Construction Cost
--------(Floating)
Total Evaluation
Type-3
Open Sandwich
• Non-need
Good
Imported
Materials
Type-2
Steel Shell
Good.
• Construction cost is the lowest
• RC has many construction
cases.
• Construction period is the
shortest.
• Super plasticizer concrete
needs high technology.
8
Placing
PlacingConcrete
Concreteat
atDry
DryDock
Dock
Placing
Placing Concrete
Concrete on
on Water
Water
(Floating
(Floating Condition
Condition
9
REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE
SAIGON RIVER
CONSTRUCTION SITE
CASTING BASIN
Time
Mobilization
2 months
Construction of Casting Basin
10 months
Excavation
6 months
Bedding
Works
4 months
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT
Cost
Trench Dredging
US$ 16.0 M
(US$ 35/m³)
Time
Cost
18 months
US$ 7.8 M
(US$ 19/m³)
2.5 months
US$ 21.4 M
6 months
US$ 10.3 M
(US$ 36/m³)
SURVEY/ALIGNMENT TOWER
PRIMARY END
SECONDARY END
RIVERBED APPROX
CASTING BASIN
OR SHIP YARD
Fabrication of Immersed
Tunnel Units
10 months
Structure
6 months
Subtotal
US$ 37.4 M
Outfitting
Outfitting
US$ 21.4 M
(US$ 191/m³)
Immersion
Navigation
traffic control
Measurement,
Anchor, etc
US$ 3.0 M
Back filling
3 months
Towing
US$ 0.5 M
US$ 2.3 M
Inner work
Subtotal
-------
US$ 66.1 M
-------
US$ 7.9 M
TOW BOAT
Overhead (12%)
Total 38 months
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT
TOW BOAT
US$ 74.0 M
10
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
1. Fabrication of Immersed Tunnel Unit
2. Dredging of Trench at the Immersed
Tunnel Construction Site
3. Towing
TOW BOAT
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT
IMMERSED TUNNEL UNIT
TOW BOAT
CASTING BASIN
OR SHIP YARD
4. Immersion
5. Foundation
6. Backfilling
SURVEY/ALIGNMENT TOWER
PRIMARY END
SECONDARY END
GENERAL BACK FILL
RIVERBED APPROX
PROTECTIVE CONCRETE
GENERAL BACK FILL 2
1:
1:
2
CAST IN PIPES
-14.50
1:
2
APPROX EXISTING
RIVER BED LEVEL
1:
2
SHEAR KEY
TEMPORARY SUPPORT PAD
SAND JETTED FOUNDATION
LOCKING BACK FILL
(GRADED GRAVEL 100-200KG/PIECE)
11
MAIN PROCESSES OF IMMERSED TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION
1. Fabrication of Tunnel Element at Casting Position
2. Towing Element from Casting Basin
3. Towing & Setting Correct Position
4. Immersion & Joining Elements
12
CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE OF IMMERSED TUNNEL
1st YEAR
ITEM
NO.
ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION
-1 1
1
SIGN CONTRACT
2
START ON SITE
3
DESIGN
4
MOBILISATION
5
IMMERSED TUNNEL
CONSTRUCT CASTING BASIN
CONSTRUCT TUNNEL UNITS
4-UNITS 370M
FITTING OUT
4-UNITS
TOWING & IMMERSION
4-UNITS
BACK FILL
TRENCH DREDGING
6
THU THIEM SIDE APPROACH
CUT AND COVER TUNNEL
340M
PREPARATION OF GROUND
(610M)
VENTILATION TOWER
7
U- SHAPE RETAINING WALL
200M
RETAINING WALL
70M
HO-CHI-MINH SIDE APPROACH
CUT AND COVER TUNNEL
320M
VENTILATION TOWER
U- SHAPE RETAINING WALL
220M
RETAINING WALL
40M
8
PAVEMENT
9
INTERNAL WORKS E & M
2nd YEAR
3rd YEAR
QUANTITY
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
13
CONSTRUCTION OF DIAPHRAM WALL
14
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
15
TUNNEL Sub-Sector (E and M)
IMAGE OF TUNNEL E and M (CUT & COVER TUNNEL)
OPTICAL FIBER FOR FIRE DETECTION
CCTV CAMERA
RE-TRANSMITTAL RADIO BROADCAST FACILITY
(LEAD LINE)
VI METER
TUNNEL LIGHTING
(Hf FLUORESCENT LAMP AND HIGH
PRESSURE SODIM VAPUOR LAMP)
JET FAN
CABLE RACK
MOBILE WIRELESS
TELEPHONE FACILITY
(LCX CABLE)
LIGHTING
(ESCAPE PASSAGE)
EMERGENCY EXIT SIGN
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE
DRAIN TUBE
WATER SUPPLY TUBE
FOAM FIRE PLUG & FIRE EXTINGUISHER
EMERGENCY EXIT
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE
CO METER
16
Facilities of tunnel E & M
Electrostatic Precipitator
Silencer
(Sound Attenuator)
VI Sensor
CCTV Camera
Emergency
Telephone
Emergency Exit Sign
Foam Fire Plug and fire
extinguisher
17
Tunnel E and M
1. Ventilation System:
• Jet Fan
• Electrostatic Precipitator
• Exhaust Fan
• Sound Attenuator
• Ventilation Control System
2. Lighting System:
3. Safety System:
• Emergency Pathway • Radio Broadcasting
• Emergency Telephone
• Alarm Button
• Fire Detector
• Fire Extinguisher
• Exit Guide
• Laud Speaker
4. Drainage system:
• Pump at Emergency Pathway
• Pump at Ventilation Room
5. Power Supply system
• Public Power Supply
• Stand-by Generator
6. Surveillance and Control system
18
Exhaust Tower
Sound Absorber
(Silencer)
Exhaust Fans
Jet
Jet fans
fans
Electrostatic Pecipitator
(Dust Collector)
Polluted Air
Corner Vane
Image
Image of
of ventilation
ventilation System
System
19
Outline of Ventilation System
Thu Thiem Side
Ho Chi Minh City Side
Tower
Corner Vane
Sound Absorber
Mechanical Room
Exhaust Fans
(Ventilators)
Cranes
Electric
Room
Corner Vane
Jet Fan
Electric Dust Collectors
(Electrostatic Recipitator
Louver
Air Flow
Traffic Flow
20
Location of Ventilation Tower and Building (West)
nel
Tun nce
a
Entr
Ventilations Tower and
Building
Mon Bridge
21
DRAINAGE SYSTEM OF TUNNEL
VENTILATING STATION
VENTILATING STATION
GL
INLET PIPE
DRAIN PUMP IN VENTILATION STATION
EMEGENCY CORRIDOR
DRAIN OUT
EMERGENCY CORRIDOR
A PRESSURE GAUSE X3
DRAIN-PUMP X3
DRAIN TANK
DRAIN-PUMP 3 SET
DRAIN-PUMP X1
22
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR FIRE HYDRANT
HYDRANT
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE
WATER SUPPLY TAP
PIT
REGULATING VALVE
(200m PITCH)
0m
10
m
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WATER SUPPLY TAP
SAFETY VALVE
ER
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RA
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V-
AIR VALVE
SA
AU FET
TO Y V
MA AL
TIC UE
AIR
EX
IT
VA
HYDRANT PUMP
LU
E
FLUX METER
HYDRANT PUMP ROOM
WATER TANK (CAPACITY 60m3)
CUT OFF VALVE
POLE VALVE
23
SCHEMATIC
SCHEMATIC DRAWING
DRAWING OF
OF TUNNEL
TUNNEL CONTROL
CONTROL AND
AND SUPERVISION
SUPERVISION SYSTEM
SYSTEM
Control Room
CCTV
Monitor
Emergency
Telephone
Terminal
CCTV
Broadcasting
Loudspeaker
Panel
CRT
CRT
CRT
CCTV
Monitor
CCTV
Monitor
Graphic Panel
Rcording
Device
Local Transmittance
Unit
East
Ventiration
Tower
Emergency
Telephone
Switching
System
Transmission Line
Transmittance
Unit
Radio &
Loudspeaker
Broadcasting
System
CRT
Controler
CCTV
Control
Unit
I/O
Device
Controler
Trafic
Information
Processing
Unit
CPU
Transmittance
Unit
Transmission
Line
Local
Transmittance
Unit
Tunnel
Ventilation
Control
Unit
Emergency
Telephone
West
Ventiration
Tower
Lead Line
Loud
(Radio Antenna) Speaker
CCTV
Camera
CCTV
Camera
CCTV
Camera
VI
detectors
Tunnel
Information
Panel
CO
detectors
Trafic
Detecting
Unit
Switch-board
Jet Fans
Loop
detectors
(Vehicle detectors)
Switch-board
24
Tunnel Control Room at Maintenance Office
(Surveillance and Control system)