Mottos vs. Slogans at University - Toronto Branch
Transcription
Mottos vs. Slogans at University - Toronto Branch
T he T oron t o Bran ch of t he R oy al Her aldry Soci et y of Can a da Patron: Sir Conrad M.J.F. Swan, KCVO, PH.D, FSA, FRHSC Garter King of Arms Emeritus Volume 24, Issue 3 – SEPTEMBER 2014 WITHIN THE PAGES OF THIS ISSUE: XXXI International Congress, in Norway 3 Arms of Notre Dame University 4 Honours of the British Raj 5 Right Honorable Charles S. Monck 7 Upper Canada College 7 Westminster College 8 ISSN: 1183-1766 Mottos vs. Slogans at University ~ Dr. Jonathan Good, PhD, FRHSC For the sake of graphic representation, many universities employ a coat of arms or a seal for formal or dignified occasions, and a logo for everyday or marketing use. To pick a random Canadian example, here are the arms and most recent logo of Brock University in St. Catharines, Ontario. The full coat of arms, granted through the College of Arms in 1965, references Sir Isaac Brock, learning, Canada, Ontario, Brock’s native ally Tecumseh, the faculty of nursing, and other things. The logo, devised in 2010, reads “Brock” and is simple, striking, and contains a fingerprint, for Brock students who are “unique as fingerprints.” I have not visited the Brock campus, but presumably the arms are used in formal places such as on transcripts, diplomas, or the podium at commencement, while the Brock logo is used on letterhead or street banners. It is certainly displayed prominently on Brock’s website. Being a heraldist, I naturally favour the coat of arms, and would like to see it used on more than formal occasions, although I can recognize that not all coats of arms are well designed, or may be too complex to employ on a daily basis. (Of course, there can be problems with logos, too. In this case, the question arises, have Brock students all been fingerprinted by the authorities? Is that a smudge on the “o” Brock University (1965) and does someone need to wipe it off?) This bifurcation, between the formal and the everyday, is also seen in the short phrases that universities adopt to describe themselves. Coats of arms or seals often come with a motto, usually in a foreign language, referencing something historical or literary, and morally aspirant in some way. As you can read, Brock’s motto is “Surgite,” and it means “rise up” or “push on” – allegedly Sir Isaac’s last words at the Battle of Queenston Heights, and a command for Brock students to do something with their lives. The university uses the word as the title of a magazine, and of an award given by Brock’s president. Most universities also employ a marketing slogan – a short, catchy expression in English, to advertise their “brand.” Although you would not know it from the logo, Brock’s 2010 marketing slogan was “for both sides of the brain” – the idea being that Brock provides a well rounded, edifying education. This new identity was accompanied by a series of posters featuring a face divided per pale, with one-half of an actual student’s or faculty member’s face on the one side, and one half of a personification of what he or she is studying on the other. I confess that while I may be open to the idea that not all coats of arms are good, and that some logos are very good indeed, my expansive attitude does not extend to marketing slogans. The traditional heraldist’s complaint is that coats of arms are classy and timeless, while logos are flashy, ephemeral, and meaningless. This is not necessarily true, but I have noticed that it really does apply to mottos and slogans. Some heraldic mottos are not particularly original, but very few slogans are not vacuous, unfalsifiable, or applicable to any university anywhere. “Surgite” works as a quotation from the original Brock and an enjoinment for current Brock students to live up to his example. “For both sides of the brain” might work if Brock was offering a set of innovative, interdisciplinary foundation year courses. But that’s not what’s actually happening – they’re just saying it because they think it sounds good. continued on page 6 ... H og t own Herald ry 2 HOG TOW N HE RAL DRY © 2014, the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada, Toronto Branch unless otherwise indicated. Subscription rate: free to members and associates of the Branch ($15.00/annum). Our material may be quoted, unless otherwise indicated, without written permission in non-profit venues, but correct attribution is required. The material published in Hogtown Heraldry does not necessarily represent the views of the Society, t he Branch, or t he Editor. Unattributed material is the work of the Editor. All coats of arms are and remain the property of their respective armigers. We welcome your written and artistic contributions, and they may be submitted to the Editor. General inquiries, as well as requests for back issues, should be made to the Treasurer. Editor Toronto Branch of The Royal Heraldry Society of Canada Society President Captain (Ret’d) David E. Rumball, CD, MA, UE, FRHSC(Hon) Toronto Branch Patron Sir Conrad M.J.F. Swan, KCVO, PH.D, FSA, FRHSC Toronto Branch President Mr. Jonathan S. Lofft [email protected] Toronto Branch Vice President Captain Jason C. Burgoin Branch Secretary Vacant Branch Treasurer Mr. David Birtwistle [email protected] Directors Ms. Erin Tanner Mr. Derwin J.K.W. Mak Captain The Reverend Canon Don M. Aitchison, UE Captain Jason C. Burgoin 214 London Street South, Hamilton, ON L8K 2G9 (905) 741-4998 [email protected] From the Desk of the Editor W ith the beginning of September upon us, we all know what that means….. another edition of Hogtown Heraldry. I have been pondering for the past few weeks—where did the summer go? It seems like it went by so quickly. But it is now time to savour and enjoy the last few weeks of warm weather, sit outside and read through the pages of this publication. One thing that we attribute to the fall season is the beginning of the school year. Students across the country are getting familiar with their class schedules and starting to working towards their dreams, whether it’s at the primary or secondary levels (I am sure that parents are happy that summer vacation has come to an end), or at the post-graduate and graduate levels. With that in mind, you may notice a theme that has evolved within this issue of Hogtown Heraldry, that of heraldry within the various higher learning institutions. This is the fourth issue of Hogtown Heraldry that has been distributed since the publication has been revised, and with it being a quarterly publication, it somewhat marks the end of a year in the making. I have been very appreciative of all the feedback, comments and assistance that I have received from our Branch Members to develop and improve on the craftsmanship of this publication. As you might have noticed in the last issue, there is still room for improvement and I do apologize for any errors. It is nice to see that while finalizing this edition, there are a few members already submitting articles which they would like to have included in the Winter edition. I strongly encourage everyone to be a part of Hogtown Heraldry. Write letters to the editor, submit articles or reviews, let me know about events, milestones and achievements and things which are important to you. I will be happy to include them. Finally, I wish to thank all individuals who have, up to this point, made contributions to the newsletter. You have made my job as editor so much easier, and I have enjoyed reading and learning while I have put together the publication. I look forward to working with many of you, and keeping Hogtown Heraldry interesting and enlightening to read. Jason C. Burgoin H og t own Herald ry XXXI International Congress of Genealogical & Heraldic Sciences Oslo, Norway—August 13-17, 2014 ~ Mr. David B. Appleton I had the privilege of attending the International Congress of Genealogical and Heraldic Sciences held in Oslo, Norway in August of this year. There were some 111 participants from 26 countries, and Canada and the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada were well-represented. From Canada, attendees included Robert Watt, Rideau Herald Extraordinary, Bruce Patterson, Deputy Chief Herald of Canada, Greg Nelson, and Denis Racine. RHSC members from the United States included Dr. D’Arcy Boulton and myself. I’m sure there were other RHSC members there as well, but the List of Participants of the Congress doesn’t include affiliations, so I’m having to rely on my memory here. The weather for the Congress was very pleasant; we only needed to use our umbrellas one day. Presentations included one track of genealogical speakers and two tracks of speakers on heraldry, all held in the historic Akershus Fortress in Oslo. The theme of the Congress was the “Influence on Genealogy and Heraldry of Major Events in the History of a Nation.” In keeping with this theme, Robert Watt and Bruce Patterson discussed “How the Confederation of Canada and the terrible sacrifices Canada and Canadians made in the First World War, had a direct impact on the development of the heraldry of certain foundation provinces in the period from 1867 to 1914 and then the development of the national arms in 1916-1921.” Other talks of interest included the following: 3 Henrik Klackenberg, State Herald of Sweden, discussed “The development of the Swedish Greater Coat of Arms from c1450 until today.” Michael Ross of the United States spoke of the “Heraldry and Phaleristics of the Three Polynesian Monarchies.” [I had to look it up, too. Phaleristics is the study of orders, medals, and decorations; basically, honour systems.] D’Arcy Boulton discussed “Further Disastrous Effects of the Revolution of 1776-83: False Arms, Crests, Supporters, and Achievements used to Represent the Federal Government of the United States of America, 1782-1861.” And I gave a presentation on “The United States of America: The search for a national coat of arms.” This is just a sampling of the talks presented at the Congress. A full listing of the presentations can be found on the Congress’ website at: https://www.congress2014.no/?p=program, and abstracts for all of the presentations can be downloaded in.pdf format by clicking on any of the presenters’ names at: https://www.congress2014.no/?p=speakers&language=en I cannot speak for everyone in attendance, but I had a great time there, visiting with old friends from previous Congresses (they are held every second year) and making some new ones, over three and half days of lectures, plus another day which included guided excursions of the City of Oslo and surrounding region, which allowed us to learn about more of the history of the area. Bookplate Corner Elizabeth Roads, Snawdoun Herald and Lyon Clerk of Scotland spoke on “The Establishment of the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland.” Richard C.F. Baker of England discussed “The Foundation of the College of Arms.” Rolf Sutter of Germany spoke of “New Originated States in the Last 50 years and Their Heraldry and Emblematic.” Carl-Thomas von Christierson of Denmark introduced us to “The Forbes Birth Brief at the University Library in Lund.” Courtesy ~ Mr. R. Gordon Macpherson, CM, FRHSC Niagara Herald Extraordinary H og t own Herald ry 4 NEW ARMS FOR A UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT ~ Professor D’Arcy J. D. Boulton , UE, BA Hons (Tor), MA, PhD (Penn), DPhil (Oxon), FRHSC, AIH, FSA Editor, Alta Studia Heraldica Having been asked to write something brief and newsy for Hogtown Heraldry in my capacity as a (until now mainly non-resident) member of the Toronto Branch, I thought it might be of interest to report on the latest of a series of arms and armorial achievements I have designed for the divisions of the university at which I have taught medieval history for the last three decades: the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana: arms for the Department of History presented very recently. I should first note that the only heraldic authority in the United States, the Army Institute of Heraldry (on which see Alta Studia Heraldica 3 [2010], pp. 135 -58), has jurisdiction exclusively over institutions of the U.S. federal government. This had meant that all individuals and non-federal entities desirous of acquiring armorial bearings have been obliged since 1783 to assume them, with or without the assistance of a Fig. 1 learned armorist. Like a number of the older and more distinguished universities in the United States in the first third of the last century, Notre Dame had sought an appropriate design from Pierre de Chaignon la Rose — a Harvard scholar and artist, who both designed and painted scores of arms for academic and ecclesiastical institutions, including the various divisions of Harvard and Yale. While I was teaching at Harvard myself in the 1980s, I was asked to emblazon the arms of the newest division of that university, employing a variant of the mark La Rose had invented to represent the status of major division: the Chief of Harvard, in which the red field and three books bearing the text VE- RI- TAS were set in fess on a chief above a design distinctive of the division itself. A few years after my arrival at Notre Dame in 1985, I had the idea of creating a comparable system of marks indicative of primary and secondary divisions of the university based on the University arms crested by La Rose. Its azure field bore a cross (representing the Congregation of Holy Cross that founded and governed the University) issuant of a base barry-wavy of four argent and azure (representing both the Fig. 2 lake on which the University was built and was part of its official name ‘Notre Dame du Lac’ or ‘Our Lady of the Lake’ and the sea of which the Patroness was often described as the Star), debruised by a book (symbolic of learning) bearing the text VITA DUL-CEDO SPES (‘LIFE, SWEETNESS, HOPE, taken from a Marian anthem addressed to her as Star of the Sea), and in dexter chief a white star (technically a mullet of six points argent) symbolic again of the Patroness. From this design I extracted for my purposes both the book and the star, and set them in different arrangements to represent different types of unit. I created first a Chief of Notre Dame (azure, a book proper bearing the text VITA DUL -CEDO SPES in letters sable, between two ‘stars’ argent). This I assigned to divisions like‘ colleges’ (the local term for ‘faculties’) and ‘schools’ directly dependent upon the university. Later, I created bordures alluding to the arms of the colleges for divisions dependent upon them — i.e. departments, institutes, and programmes — differentiated by tincture on the basis of the college on Fig. 3 which they depended. (I also created a parallel system of elements external to the arms — including decanal and lesser bonnets, and distinctive forms of compartment and minor supporters or ‘flankers’ that can be seen in my figures — but I shall not discuss that system here). The first college for which I designed arms was my own, the College of Arts and Letters (fig. 1), to which I assigned both the standard Chief of Notre Dame and a bordure in the colours of the most distinctive degree (white for arts) and the highest degree (blue for philosophy) it granted. I applied the same principles to the designs of the arms of the College of Science (fig. 2) and the School of Law (fig. 3). The first secondary unit for which I designed arms was again my own — the Medieval Institute (fig. 4) — to which I assigned a white bordure charged with three blue books and three blue stars: the colours again of arts (for the B.A. and M.M.S.) and philosophy (for the Ph.D.). This is now the bordure indicative of the status of institute or programme of the College of Arts and Letters, and Fig. 4 the same design in different tinctures will serve for the equivalent divisions of the other colleges. This year I created the first arms for a department — again my own, the Department of History — and established thereby the bordure for a department of the College of Arts and Letters: essentially similar to that for an institute, but with more books and stars. As fig. 5 shows, the part of the arms particular to the Fig. 5 Department of History consists of four books — two scrolls and two codices — bearing the word for ‘history’ in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and Early Modern English: the languages of the local historiographical tradition. Thus, I have created a system of unit signs that can easily be extended to comparable units throughout the university. The same sort of system could easily be applied to Canadian universities, including my first alma mater, the University of Toronto, and I shall see what I can do there when I return permanently to my native city next year. H og t own Herald ry EXALTED, EMINENT 5 AND IMPERIAL: HONOURS OF THE BRITISH RAJ ~ Mr. Colin Fleming The Rev Prof Peter Galloway is to the history of British Orders of Knighthood what Dr Christopher McCreery is to Canadian honours. His latest work, published in May 2014, is a detailed history of the Orders of the Star of India, Indian Empire and the Crown of India. The question of a distinctly ‘Indian’ honour arose shortly after the government of the Indian sub-continent passed (in 1858) from the British East India Company to the British Crown in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India was established in 1861 as the ‘Indian Garter’, with one class— Knights (KSI)—and a highly restricted membership: just 25 ordinary knights (the Sovereign, the Viceroy and Royal Princes were supernumerary). The Order was seen as a way of rewarding those Princes that had assisted the British in the Indian Rebellion or who were seen as able administrators of their States. As with the Order of Canada in 1967, the Star of India was too restricted to be effective but it was five years before the Order took on its three-class structure of Knights Grand Commander, Knights Commander and Companions. The distribution continued to be restricted, and appointments were largely European, shared roughly 70/30 between European and Indian recipients. It is interesting that the Star of India was the first Imperial honour to be awarded to women (other than British sovereigns and their immediate family): the Begum of Bhopal being among the initial appointments to the Order. Queen Victoria saw her as a ruling Princess, and had no qualms about the appointment. The Eminent Order of the Indian Empire was established in 1877 to mark the declaration of Queen Victoria as ‘Empress of India.’ This was also established as a single class honour, but at the Companion (Third Class) level. In 1886 Knight Commanders were added and Knight Grand Commanders in 1887. The Order of the Indian Empire was more widely available, but still restricted to the ruling classes, British and Indian. The Order of the Crown of India was unique in that it was established exclusively for ladies: Royal princesses, the wives and other female relatives of Indian Princes and the wives of the Viceroy, senior state Governors (e.g. Madras, Bengal and Bombay), the C-in-C in India, and the Secretary of State for India. Queen Victoria was comparatively generous with appointments. Edward VII made none, and his successors were more judicious, keeping more closely to the Order’s Statutes. The Star of India was (and is likely ever to remain) by far the most fabulous of the British Orders: the insignia of the GSCI used gold, enamels, diamonds and onyx and by 1947 cost £3,500 per set for the collar, collar badge, star and sash badge. The Crown of India sported gold, diamonds, pearls and turquoises, while the Indian Empire was much more modest (and similar to the other British Orders), using silver, gilt and enamels. Peter Galloway xxxvi+851 pages, plus 45 plates Spink & Son, London 2014. ISBN 978-1-9-907427-33-6 Ultimately, the Indian Orders did not wholly achieve their purpose. They were another tool of Empire, rewarding local loyalty and faithful British administrators and senior officers in the Indian Army. By the time of Independence and Partition in August 1947, Europeans well outnumbered local appointees in all grades, and local Grand Commanders remained confined to rulers of the Princely States. As with other Orders, those closest to the fount of honour tended to get splashed the most. Prof. Galloway’s account is magisterial and includes rich details of how the Orders were established, correspondence between Viceroys and the India Office, between various Sovereigns and government ministers, from aspiring members and disappointed non-awardees, as well as contemporary accounts of investitures and Durbars. There are comprehensive appendices, recording all substantive and honorary appointments to the Orders. There are also 45 pages of photographs, including full colour plates of the insignia of all the orders, including the mantle of the Grand Master of the Star of India—as with everything else about that Order, it was luxurious. H og t own Herald ry 6 … continued from page 1 Now of course marketing has different criteria for “truth” than intellectual inquiry. I should hope that a moment’s reflection would lead people to realize that all universities offer a variety of courses that satisfy both cranial hemispheres. The fact that a university is attempting establish “marketing truth” (when it ought to be interested in “universal truth”) cheapens the place and unintentionally undermines its message. Many years ago, for Heraldry in Canada, I interviewed Ian McDonald, a professor of classics at the University of Toronto, and at the time a Latin motto consultant to the Canadian Heraldic Authority. Prof. McDonald had composed several Latin mottos for various CHA grants, a job that he relished. At the time he mentioned that: “In general a good motto must have resonance and a wide University of Toronto range of applicability. A certain ambiguity or several layers or kinds of meaning are often useful. A motto should be succinct, unique, and capture the essence of an individual or an institution. If in Latin it should be sound in its Latinity and the best way to accomplish this is to quote a classical author.” Prof. McDonald gave some examples: “One of my favourite mottoes is that of the University of Toronto, “Velut arbor aevo,” which can mean “[may it grow] as tree through the ages.” It is taken from Horace, so it means something apart from its use in the coat of arms, and it works well there too, because it relates to the oak tree on the crest. Canada’s motto, “A mare usque ad mare” (that is, “From sea to sea”) is also a good one. It is from a Biblical context, but is also applicable to our dominion’s history.” Two of my favourites are the mottos of Dartmouth College (Hanover, New Hampshire) and Stanford University (Stanford, California). Dartmouth’s motto is “Vox clamantis in deserto,” that is, “The voice of one crying in the wilderness,” from the book of Isaiah and used to describe John the Baptist in all four Gospels. Dartmouth was founded on the frontier in 1769, and was all about training missionaries to minister to Indians – nowadays it is still rural and two hours from Boston, and even if it does not formally endorse missionary work, you could easily claim that a liberal arts education is about giving people the skills to speak their minds in the wasteland of contemporary American culture. Thus the motto is a “nice combination of historical resonance and contemporary relevance,” in the words of former Dartmouth president Jim Wright. Stanford’s motto is in German: “Die Luft der Freiheit weht,” that is, “the wind of freedom blows.” Stanford, on the west coast, promises the freedom of California and the American frontier. The language itself references the German model of the research university, of which Stanford, founded in 1891, was an example. Why, by contrast, do marketing slogans seem so banal? Below is a list of such slogans that I have collected, with comments: Wilfred Laurier University: Inspiring Lives (Nice assonance, but “inspiring” to do what? To “make a difference?”) St. Norbert College: From Here You Can Go Anywhere (True of any point anywhere on this terrestrial ball!) University of Idaho: A Legacy of Leading (leading who, and leading where?) McNeese State University: Excellence With A Personal Touch (“Excellence” has become a cliché, as in “the Montgomery Burns Award for Outstanding Achievement in the Field of Excellence” from the Simpsons. Fortunately we do not hear as many appeals to “excellence” as we used to.) I am mildly impressed by Simon Fraser University’s slogan “Engaging the World” – which really does point to SFU’s extensive study-abroad programs and other attempts at global outreach. Trent’s “Challenge the Way you Think” is a nice sentiment too – although one hopes that such an operation will lead to positive results (not everything deserves to be challenged, after all), and that it is not taken as an excuse by the professoriate to inculcate their charges with leftist propaganda, something I have witnessed too often in higher education. I hope I have made my case that moral exhortation and genuine specificity (as opposed to vaguely “uplifting,” “inspiring” sentiments) might be nice to see in the slogans that universities use on a daily basis, as well as the Latin ones they reserve for formal occasions. Correction Notices Vol 24, Issue 2 (Pg 1) Photos provided were courtesy of Mr. J. Robert Walsh. Vol 24, Issue 2 (Pg 6) Mr. David B. Appleton, also attending the conference in Oslo, Norway as a speaker. Vol 24, Issue 2 (Pg 7) There were a number of spelling errors in the 2013 Grant of Arms article. Vol 24, Issue 2 (Pg 8) Mr. Ronny Anderson, AHI , is a Danish Heraldic Artist, not a Dutch Heraldic Artist. Vol 24, Issue 2 (Pg 8) Apologies for the incorrect spelling of the Chief Herald of Canada’s name, Dr. Claire Boudreau, PhD, FRHSC, AIH. H og t own Herald ry 7 His Excellency The Right Honourable Charles Stanley Monck, 4th Viscount Monck, GCMG, PC Governor General & Commander-in-Chief of Canada ~ Mr. Paul E.L.T. Borrow-Longain, FRSA, FRNS, MRI Charles Stanley Monck was born in Templemore, Ireland in 1819 to Charles Joseph Kelly Monck, the 3rd Viscount, and Bridget Willington. He obtained a law degree at Trinity College, Dublin and married his first cousin Elizabeth Monck in 1844. They had seven children, of whom four survived to adulthood. In 1849 Monck inherited his father’s title to become the 4th Viscount Monck. In 1852 he was elected to the House of Commons as MP for Portsmouth and from 1855 to 1858 was Lord of the Treasury under Lord Palmerston. In 1861 Viscount Monck was appointed as Governor General of British North America. The American Civil War had begun and had caused diplomatic unease between the United States and Britain, and the Canadian government was keen to distance itself from the British. Monck worked alongside John A. MacDonald, George Brown, George Etienne Cartier and Etienne-Pachal Tache to form the Great Coalition in 1864, which united Canada. Canada West throughout these deliberations and in 1866 Queen Victoria elevated Viscount Monck to the peerage of the United Kingdom as Baron Monck of Ballytrammon. Her Majesty also extended his term in Canada in order that he could become the first Governor General of the new Dominion. The Coalition governed the Province of Canada until Confederation in 1867 when Baron Monck took up this position, a role he held for one year. Baron Monck established Rideau Hall, Ottawa as the residence of the Governor General of Canada, a tradition which remains to this day. Roads were poor so Baron Monck often travelled to Parliament by canopied boat on the Ottawa River. Baron Monck was succeeded in 1869 by John Young, 1 st Baron Lisgar, at which time he returned to Ireland. In 1869 Baron Monck was knighted (Grand Cross of the Order of St. Michael and St. George) and appointed to the Privy Council. He was made Lord Lieutenant of Dublin in 1874, and died in Ireland in 1894. Arms: Gules a chevron between three lions' heads erased Argent. Crest: A dragon passant wings elevated Sable. Between 1864 and 1866 the Quebec Conference, Charlottetown Conference and London Conference took place to discuss Canadian confederation. Viscount Monck concurrently held the title of Lieutenant Governor of both Canada East and UPPER CANADA COLLEGE ~ HAND ILLUMINATED SCROLL ~ Captain (ret’d) George McNeillie, UE Upper Canada College’s Class of 1970 chose a unique way to honour two of its classmates who made substantial donations to the school to support scholarships and bursaries. Mr. Stu Lang (1) donated $11 million and Mr. Howard Bernick (2) gave $1 million. They were both presented with hand-illuminated scrolls featuring the College’s arms and badge, that were painted by classmate, Mr. Mihail Mu rgoc i . Cl as s copresident Mr. George McNeillie (3) - a former Toronto Branch Director, wanted the class to acknowledge this extraordinary generosity in a memorable fashion—and 3 1 2 what works better then heraldry? H og t own Herald ry 8 Arms of Westminster College ~ Reverend J. David Juliano, B.Sc., M.Div. Rev Juliano, was Visiting Chaplaincy Assistant at Westminster College in 1989 Westminster College was founded at Horseferry Road in Westminster, London, in 1851 and originally specialized in the training of teachers for Methodist schools. The site was severely damaged by an incendiary bomb during the blitz of early World War II, and the buildings were never repaired. They were demolished in the 1960s and the headquarters of the television station Channel 4 now stand on the site. In 1959 Westminster College moved to a purpose-built campus on Harcourt Hill, Oxford, which is noted for its fusion of Oxford quads with a "New England" style of architecture, evident particularly in the large and distinctive chapel. Following the move, the college also began to offer degree courses in Theology and Education. In 1956 the College of Arms granted Westminster College a Coat of Arms. The College's previous arms were unregistered and much was incorporated into the present crest. The blue chevron was retained, representing the River Thames, common to both Oxford and London, where the College was based until 1959. Scallops replaced the Tudor roses, being the symbol of the pilgrim and found on the Wesley family arms and those of Kingswood School, Arms: Or, on a chevron Azure Bath. between in chief two lions The Portcullis, taken from the arms of the City of combatant guardant Gules, Westminster, was retained. The Heralds placed it between holding between them a the two lions rampant, placing a third lion in the resulting portcullis Sable and in base a space. These lions derive from their association with the lion rampant guardant Gules, Grosvenor family, Dukes of Westminster. three escallops Argent. We’re on the Web!! The triple-towered castle may represent the Bible, the College being a Christian foundation, whilst the peacock is the personal emblem of the Harcourt family, from whom the present site on Harcourt Hill was obtained. From 1992-2000 the college offered degrees validated by the www.heraldry.ca Toronto Branch Website University of Oxford. In 2000, financial pressures caused the college to close. www.toronto.heraldry.ca The Methodist Church subsequently leased the college's campus at Harcourt Hill to Oxford Brookes University, and it became the home of the university's Westminster Institute of Education. Although RHSC Facebook Page Westminster College is no more, its proud educational legacy will be remembered by its www.facebook.com/groups/35 alumni, known as “Old W’s.” National Website 284796074/ Toronto Branch Facebook Page www.facebook.com/groups/67 2621702777540/ Submit your articles to the This publication is printed by editor by 15 Nov 2014 to be included in the next issue!! 94 Cannon St W. Hamilton, ON (905) 528-7365