things that have made travel better
Transcription
things that have made travel better
1 THE INNOVATION ISSUE INFINITY POOLS Where does the water end and the horizon begin? That, in a nutshell, is the question sparked by the best infinity pools (also known as vanishing-edge pools, infinity-edge pools and negativeedge pools)—now a regular feature at many high-end hotels and resorts. The first such pool? At Versailles, bien sur. And we love this one, on the 57th floor of the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore. THINGS THAT HAVE MADE TRAVEL BETTER From the first transatlantic flights to boutique hotels and travel apps, the world’s far-flung pockets become more accessible and alluring every day. To celebrate Delta’s 85th anniversary, we picked a (subjective) list of the top 85 innovations from the past 200 years (or so) that make travel easier, safer and more exhilarating than ever. B Y C H R I S C L AY T O N , E L I Z A B E T H D O Y L E , S A R A H E L B E R T, S T E V E M A R S H & J A S O N O L I V E R N I X O N P O RT R A I T I L LU S T R AT I O N S B Y J O E L B E NJA M I N 84 d e l t a s k y / j u n e 2 0 1 4 2 THE AIRPLANE The Wright brothers are credited with bringing us wing to wing with the birds in December 1903, when their Wright Flyer caught air in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina. But New Zealand farmer Richard Pearce may have actually been the first in March 1902. 3 MOVING WALKWAYS d e lta If you need to run to make your connection, anything that makes you smove k y /faster j u niseworth 2 0 1 its 4 weight 85 in gold. 4 JET ENGINE Frank Whittle was a runty, 21-year-old math whiz in the Royal Air Force when he invented the modern jet engine in 1929. Whittle’s superiors didn’t let him fly a plane for years after entering the RAF, but being grounded may have helped him solve the first huge conundrum in aviation history: Planes cruising at high altitude are able to fly faster and farther because they encounter less turbulence, but the higher a plane flies, the worse the piston engine performs in the thin air. Whittle’s compression engine solved this problem, paving the way for the modern commercial airliner. SpaceX 5 SPACE TRAVEL Back in 1961, when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to make it beyond the Earth’s atmosphere, it took the heat of a Cold War to get one of us up there. Today, billionaires such as Richard Branson and Elon Musk are planning imminent private space flight. Someday, we’ll all be able to orbit in coach. 11 6 THE GUIDEBOOK The modern travel book dates to Murray’s Handbook for Travellers, from 1836. Its publisher, the Baedeker company, quickly became the gold standard for 19thcentury travelers, while Fodor’s and Frommer’s took center stage after World War II. Today, Lonely Planet, Let’s Go, Rough Guides and “prestige” books such as Mr. & Mrs. Smith compete with digital apps. 8 7 Sure, they look ridiculous and aren’t the easiest to pack (unless THE 86 d NECK e l t a s kPILLOW y / j u n e 2 0you 1 4get the kind that blows up), but ergonomic travel pillows make all the difference on long flights. Try the $40 Kuhi Comfort. The concierge team at The Corinthia Hotel London CONCIERGE SERVICES Concierges have long been the holders of the golden keys at hotels: They can arrange everything from theater tickets to far-flung demands. The term originally hails from France where the “concierge” controlled the keys to the royal household and oversaw a range of responsibilities. In the late 1990s, concierges moved from the world’s top hostelries to stand-alone organizations 12 such as Quintessentially Lifestyle and Luxury Attache, which arrange services and unparalleled access. Luxury-minded credit cards offer similar services, too, such as American Express’ Platinum and Black cards. S E E PAG E 7 5 F O R P H OTO C R E D I T S DIGITAL CAMERAS First sold by Fuji in 1989, they revolutionized the way we record our experiences, making it easier and cheaper to capture images on the go. CHECK-IN KIOSKS No one likes to wait in line if they don’t have to. The automated machines were a great step in making travel even more convenient. 15 LIE-FLAT SEATS Delta is the first airline to have full lie-flat BusinessElite seats with direct aisle access on all of its wide-body overseas planes. Many of them even feature Westin Heavenly Bedding, so your flight will soar by. 16 MOBILE BOARDING PASSES No more losing our paper boarding passes between Starbucks and the gate! Delta offers eBoarding passes in more than 200 cities. 17 ONLINE TICKETING & CHECK IN Each year, more than 23 million tickets are sold in more than 104 countries worldwide via Delta.com. IN-FLIGHT WI-FI A decade ago, using the Internet at 30,000 feet was fantasy. But thanks to improvements in satellite and air-to-ground networks, today you can surf to your heart’s content. Delta now has Wi-Fi on more than 3,400 flights daily—and it was the first to announce that customers could use portable electronic devices below 10,000 feet. Hallelujah! 10 14 18 SMOKING BANS (ON PLANES, IN HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS, ETC.) ONLINE TRAVEL AGENCIES When brick-and-mortar travel agencies went on life support in the 1990s, online planners jumped in to fill the void. Think Expedia, Orbitz, Priceline, Travelocity— one-stop shops that book and sell hotel rooms, plane tickets and car rentals. And because every successful business model spawns a submodel, aggregators such as Kayak and Hipmunk soon arrived on their heels. Then again, you can always just go to Delta.com and take care of your tickets and travel plans the old-fashioned way: right at the source. 9 You’ll likely encounter plenty of useful (and cool!) travel innovations on your next Delta trip. Here are a few we love. 19 “I don’t want to get the same looks I give people when they get on a plane holding a baby: ‘That’s a cute baby, just keep walking, keep walking, keep going, keep going. . . .’ ” — ELLEN DEGENERES 13 REWARDS From Sky Miles to Starwood points, travel these days can sometimes feel like a big game. Get in on it! FLY DELTA APP You can plan your trip, buy your tickets, check in, store your boarding passes, get flight info, track your bags and more with this awardwinning app for smartphones and tablets, which has been downloaded 11 million times. 20 IN-FLIGHT MEALS Delta has raised the bar on airline food with award-winning chefs such as Michael Chiarello creating inflight BusinessElite menus on certain routes. 21 FLIGHT ATTENDANTS Imagine if you had to get up to get your own drink. Yeah . . . exactly. 22 THE GRAND TOUR From the 17th century until the mid-19th century, it was a rite of passage mostly for gentlemen of a certain class (especially English landed gentry) to take The Grand Tour, a quasi-educational tour through France, Italy and, perhaps, Greece. The goal was to absorb art, culture and music in cities such as Florence, Venice and Rome. Travelers on The Grand Tour would then return home months later with crates filled with art and books that set them apart in terms of their class standing. Vestiges of The Grand Tour continued well into the early 1900s after transportation became easier and more democratized: Think literary character Lucy Honeychurch ambling through the streets of Florence without a Baedeker in E. M. Forster’s classic novel A Room with a View. The typical Grand Tour itinerary began in Dover, England, and continued on to Belgium, France and Switzerland before a lengthy stay in Italy. Today, the term grand tour connotes an extended tour of continental Europe. d e lta s k y / j u n e 2 0 1 4 87 STANDARD HIGH LINE, NYC 23 UNIQUE HOTEL OFFERINGS Ever wanted to learn the ancient sport of falconry? The Greenbrier in West Virginia offers lessons. Or head to the Maasai Mara game reserve in Kenya and Cottar’s 1920s Safari Camp for Maasai warrior training. Today, hotels are helping travelers immerse themselves even deeper into the local culture. 24 VOLUNTOURISM Global travelers are increasingly choosing to mix travel and philanthropy, from building soccer fields to helping orphaned lion cubs. Some wellregarded programs include Roadmonkey, Globe Aware and Habitat for Humanity— but there are many more. 25 ECOTOURISM We can get behind environmentally responsible travel that often pairs pristine natural environs with sexy ecolodges—from Samasati Nature Retreat in Costa Rica to Bulungula Lodge in South Africa, co-owned by Xhosa villagers. 33 28 26 THE EURO The official currency of the eurozone debuted in 1999 to eliminate fluctuation risks and exchange costs while encouraging trade between the 18 member countries, thus making it easier for tourists to spend, spend, spend. 27 THE BOEING 747 The jumbo jet, queen of the skies! Boeing debuted this two-story commercial jet in 1969, and it flew its first commercial flight (with Pan American World Airways) from New York to London the next year. Since then, the 747 fleet has logged 42 billion nautical miles—or 101,500 trips from the Earth to the moon and back. EVOLUTION OF CRUISE SHIPS The passenger cruise industry began in England in the 1840s, and it quickly burgeoned, offering both steerage and plush transatlantic crossings. The industry recalibrated thanks to large passenger jets in the 1960s. Today, the cruise industry attracts 20.1 million passengers worldwide. And while some cruise liners are enormous, smaller ships cater to those who want a more intimate experiences. Think the historic Sea Cloud or lines such as Seabourn, Silversea and SeaDream Yacht Club. THE BOUTIQUE HOTEL Thank British lifestyle guru/hotelier Anouska Hempel and American style setter/hotelier Ian Schrager for launching the “boutique” hotel trend in the 1980s. So what are the tenets of a boutique property? Unique design and architecture. Attention to service. Location. The ability to “surprise and delight.” Think of the trend as a response to the impersonal and sprawling hotel trend of the 1970s. Today, hoteliers such as Sean MacPherson (NYC’s The Marlton) and Jeff Klein (LA’s Sunset Tower)—along with hotel groups such as the Ace and André Balazs Properties—continue to move the needle. BLAKES HOTEL, LONDON 29 SKYPE Remember when you had to pay soaring long-distance rates to talk to loved ones back home? Or seek out an international calling card? Skype (and Google, Facetime, etc.) made that unnecessary with Internet-based voice and video calling. 30 INT’L 88 d e l CALLING t a s k y / j u nCARDS e 2014 34 What you used to call your parents and beg for more 31 money while studying abroad. TRAVELER’S CHECKS First appeared in Europe in 1772, currently dying a slow death by credit card. 32 Whether using it on a plane, in a hotel, in an WI-FI airport or wherever, many now take it for granted that we can connect to the Internet wirelessly. S E E PAG E 7 5 F O R P H OTO C R E D I T S “There’s nothing American tourists like more than the things they can get at home.” — STEPHEN COLBERT TRAVEL GUIDE APPS There’s an app for every facet of travel these days, including the all-important city guide. Many are crowd-sourced, including TripAdvisor’s and one called Gogobot. Others, such as Tripomatic, specialize in itineraries by organizing your activities around specific travel days. 35 PEER-TO-PEER RENTALS Services such as VRBO and Airbnb are the wonderfully inevitable result of our civilization becoming both more urbane and more networked. It’s a simple design efficiency. When I’m not living in my amazing loft in Haight Ashbury or Ipanema, you should be, right? THE HOTEL MONACO, ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINA THE LUMEN, DALLAS Delta Sky Club at HartsfieldJackson Atlanta International Airport 36 37 MICHELIN GUIDE In 1900, brothers Andre and Edouard Michelin were trying to sell some tires when they introduced the first edition of the Michelin Guide, a free pamphlet containing maps of France and a list of car mechanics and hotels. By 1926, the brothers had expanded beyond the French border and introduced the star system. Today the guides employ a mysterious, completely anonymous network of “inspectors” to rate the best restaurants all over the world. 38 TRAVEL AGENCIES The first travel agency is attributed to Englishman Thomas Cook, who began leading outings in 1841 (then for a group of temperance campaigners). About three decades later, he and his son formed Thomas Cook & Son, and the modern travel agency was born. By 1888, the firm had offices all over the world. 40 41 THE SEAT BELT Truly a lifesaver, whether you’re traveling or not. 42 THE RETURN OF THE AIRPORT Pre-World War II airports occupied prime locations close to city centers: Think NYC’s LaGuardia, Tempelhof in Berlin and Croydon in London. Eventually, airports moved out of the city and became sprawling institutions accessed via multilane highways. Still, they retained a certain glamour: In the 1970s, travelers often dressed up to catch their flights. Today, the airport has come full circle. Bespoke shopping and high-end restaurant options abound, and rail services to city centers are being implemented and upgraded. Airports in locations such as Singapore, Amsterdam and Hong Kong have become the stuff of legend. CROWD-SOURCED REVIEWS Remember 10 years ago, before Yelp and TripAdvisor, when somebody would roll their eyes and say, “everyone’s a critic” as if it was a bad thing? Now we can barely remember what we did before socially networked travel and dining sites and apps began instantly giving us the word from the ground. Yes, sometimes Mike H. can be too stingy or generous with a review, but the ability to get a real-time statistical mean from the man on the street? Game changer. 43 NATIONAL PARKS Congress began setting aside land as national parks and monuments in 1872 with the creation of Yellowstone National Park. Dedicated to preserving and protecting the country’s most stunning natural and cultural lands, the move showed foresight and wisdom, and these often-sprawling spaces— now numbering 401 parks, 2,461 national historic landmarks and 49 national heritage areas—are some of the United States’ most-visited places, having drawn more than 11 billion visitors since the creation of the National Park Service in 1916. 44 39 EURAIL PASS The friend of backpacking college students everywhere, making cross-European train travel a lot easier. 90 d e l t a s k y / j u n e 2 0 1 4 TAXICABS Named after the taximeter, which measures how far a vehicle has traveled, gas-powered taxis first started appearing on major city streets around the turn of the 20th century. (There are now more than 13,000 yellow taxis in NYC alone.) Before that, you had to hire a horse-drawn carriage. Or walk. In fact, some of today’s newest taxis are going back to the basics: legs, pedals, wheels. From London to Seattle, you can hop in a pedicab 46 and let someone else do the legwork. For an updated take on a traditional taxi, just pull up your Uber, Lyft or Taxi Magic app 47 , order a car and pay for it right on your smartphone. Lake Clark National Park, Alaska GPS When the U.S. Department of Defense put the 24th and final satellite in place in 1993, the global positioning system, or GPS, came online, eventually giving everybody—after a little political wrangling—the ability to know exactly where they are on our planet. A mustachioed Lyft car 48 CHEF-DRIVEN RESTAURANTS It wasn’t until the late 1990s that chefs became superstars: Thank the Food Network for launching the likes of Emeril Lagasse, Bobby Flay and Mario Batali and making them cultural icons. Think back to the days when words such as mesclun, monkfish and kale weren’t part of our everyday culinary lexicon. Fast-forward to today and chefs such as Jamie Oliver, Guy Fieri and Giada De Laurentiis are household names with far-reaching brands that extend well beyond the kitchen. For the euro-cognoscenti, there are superstar chefs such as Heston Blumenthal, who made his mark at Fat Duck in the English countryside near London, and Ferran Adria, whose elBulli occupied a pilgrimage-worthy location near Barcelona. And how about chef René Redzepi at Noma in Copenhagen? “People say there’s delays on flights. Delays, really? New York to California in five hours, that used to take 30 years, a bunch of people used to die on the way there, have a baby, you would end up with a whole different group of people by the time you got there. Now you watch a movie and [go to the bathroom] and you’re home.” — LOUIS C. K. GAME CHANGERS 49 CELL PHONES A phone. That travels with you. Genius. The first “noncar” mobile phone was the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x (i.e., “The Brick”), which was big, heavy, took forever to charge and had very limited talk time. The first one sold for $3,995 in 1983. The first 3G flip phone was the Motorola StarTAC, which debuted in 1996, and now, of course, we have our miraculous smartphones. 50 Miami Vice S E E PAG E 7 5 F O R P H OTO C R E D I T S COMMERCIAL TRANSATLANTIC FLIGHTS The first U.S. aircraft to carry passengers across the Atlantic was a Pan Am Boeing 314, which flew from Port Washington, New York, to Southampton, England, in 24 hours and 30 minutes, for $375 one-way. 45 54 AIRPORT NAP CABINS 51 52 CREDIT CARDS Not that we didn’t love traveler’s checks, but what a concept! An (almost, not quite) open-ended loan, attached to a piece of plastic, taken all over the world. Sometimes you just need a snooze. There’s Napcab in Munich; Yotel in Amsterdam and London, Sleepbox in Moscow; Minute Suites in Atlanta, Philadelphia and Dallas and Snoozecube in Dubai. RADAR The Germans pioneered the idea of tracking objects by bouncing radio waves off of them, but multiple countries refined radar technology before and during WWII. Military defense, air traffic control and the forecast would never be the same. 55 FLIGHT DECKS 53 THE INTERNET Thank you, Al Gore! These al fresco airport lounges are coming back: Think the recently opened Sky Deck at the Delta Sky Club in Atlanta, which d e l t a s k y / j u n e 2 0 1 4 91 was created in partnership with design guru Thom Filicia. FRANK GEHRY Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles 63 HERZOG & DE MEURON The Prada Building in Tokyo WINGLETS The bent tips on some planes’ wingtips help reduce drag, preventing a “tornado” effect in the airflow behind the plane caused by the differences in pressure on the top and bottom of the wings. Their use was promoted in the ’70s in response to the energy crisis. “Right now, I’m hankering for new adventures. . . . Ninety percent of the time I’m having romantic-comedy fantasies in which I’m wearing little pencil skirts and hurrying down to the subway.” — MINDY KALING 56 REM KOOLHAAS CCT Tower in Beijing THE STARCHITECT Frank Gehry was a well-respected 68-year-old architect when he finished the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain. Gehry’s rippling titanium meringue of a museum revitalized the Basque capital, bringing in 1 million visitors a year and changing international expectations of what architecture is supposed to do and who it can attract. And it gave Gehry the most recognizable name in his profession since Frank Lloyd Wright. In fact, a whole new term was born: Now people refer to him (and other big names in his field, from Rem Koolhaas to Herzog & de Meuron) as “starchitects.” HIGH-SPEED RAIL Built in Japan in 1964, the world’s first bullet train covered the 320 miles from Osaka to Tokyo in about three hours, topping out at 130 mph (the 2014 version of that train can hit 275 mph). Today, high-speed rail whisks tourists and commuters to all manner of destinations around the world, including the famous London-to-Paris Eurostar line that zips beneath the English Channel. 59 64 HOSTELS From student-friendly bunkhouses to no-frills hotel rooms, hostels have played a key role in democratizing travel (i.e., keeping the poor backpacker in cheap wine and baguettes—not that we’d know anything about that). 65 PORTABLE DVD PLAYERS Flights with children suddenly became a whole lot more enjoyable! Now many people travel with tablets 66 or minilaptops (and children’s headphones), but either way: A happy child is a happy parent. SANTIAGO CALATRAVA Palau de les Arts Opera House in Valencia, Spain 67 MAGNETIC ROOM KEYS The original mechanical key lock that operated thanks to a pattern of holes, aka the VingCard, evolved into the modern-day key card in the 1980s. Sensors scan the programmed magnetic strip on the credit card-sized key card, thus allowing entry into a hotel room. 60 GLOBAL ENTRY The program allows low-risk travelers who have been vetted by U.S. Customs and Border Protection to breeze through customs when returning to the U.S. Place your passport in the automated kiosk, scan your fingertips and make a customs declaration and you are good to go. TSA PreCheck 61 works similarly on a domestic level and allows “known” travelers to bypass the standard security lines at American airports. NATIONAL 92 d e l t a s k y GEOGRAPHIC / june 2014 The National Geographic Society was formed 126 years ago, and since then many of us stricken with a particularly American variety of wanderlust 58 have amassed a stack of these famously yellow windowpaned magazines. THE FANNY PACK Everything you needed, right around your waist! At least until they became so uncool that “Weird Al” Yankovic included them in his song “White & Nerdy.” RENTAL CARS Thank Joe Saunders of Omaha, Nebraska, for opening the first car rental company in 1916. After World War II, the car rental industry blossomed in tandem with the growth of the airline industry. The airport car rental industry began with Warren Avis in 1946 at Detroit’s Willow Run Airport. 62 COIN CARD The Bluetooth card allows all of your credit and bank cards to be stored on one supercard. Plus, when paired with your phone, you can get an alert if you leave your Coin behind. onlycoin.com S E E PAG E 7 5 F O R P H OTO C R E D I T S 57 68 69 TRAVEL CHANNEL The folks behind the channel bet on the fact that we’d tune in to travel vicariously through its globetrotting hosts. And they were right (big-time). 70 COMPRESSION SOCKS Most of them are pretty dang unattractive. But compression socks are recommended for those who are at risk for blood clots—or deep vein thrombosis—on long flights. Three cheers for knee socks! 71 THEME PARKS How can you make a kid’s dream come true? Take her to meet Anna and Elsa at DisneyWorld. Or to the Wizarding World of d e l t a s k y / j u n e 2 0 1 4 93 Harry Potter. Or to Legoland. Or Busch Gardens . . . Fairmont Fit 80 WIRED HOTEL ROOMS Personalization is a buzzword in the lodging biz right now. At Hotel 1000 in Seattle, for example, guests can control room temp and music selection via a wall panel connected to the building’s greater IP infrastructure. Inroom Wi-Fi, meanwhile, has become a requisite amenity at hotels everywhere. 73 74 AGRITOURISM Today’s foodie travelers boast about eating at restaurants that support local producers (think Manresa in Los Gatos, California). And some are taking that notion to the extreme by planning trips to “agritourism” regions marketed for their culinary bounty. Think Tuscany, with its celebrated vintners and cheesemakers. Many farms allow visitors to stay on site, such as Oregon’s Abbey Road Farm B & B, home to a cherry orchard and dairy goats. 78 Goats at Abbey Road Farm TRAVEL IN POP CULTURE Provence hasn’t been the same since English writer Peter Mayle wrote up his “year,” and there’s no telling how much industry Frances Mayes stirred up under the Tuscan sun. Think what Eat, Pray, Love did for Bali, and A Room with a View lured us to Florence to seek love among a postcard-perfect backdrop. Looking back in time, thank Herodotus for his explorations of Egypt, Marco Polo for his China syndrome and Mark Twain for being an innocent abroad. And haven’t we all channeled a bit of On the Road or Into the Wild? 75 Jupiter Hotel INFLIGHT ENTERTAINMENT Long gone are the days of $5 headsets and trying to situate yourself in your seat so you could see a sliver of Three Men and a Baby playing on the screen six rows up. Today, there are numerous monitors, if not individual screens in each seatback, allowing you to pick the movie, TV show, music or game to pass the time. Most also feature a real-time, interactive map to answer the always-present question: “Are we there yet?” 76 Manresa INSTAGRAM The nagging impulse to pull out your smartphone and snap whatever vista or monument lies before you is sometimes castigated as being egotistical or self-involved. But with Instagram, there’s more and more evidence that it’s well meaning—we really just want to share. Is that so different than taking a Polaroid 77 ? United States patent No. 3,653,474, the roller suitcase, was created in 1972 when a luggage exec SUITCASE 94 d e l t a s k y2.0 / j u put n e the 2 0casters 1 4 from a garment trunk on his too-heavy suitcase. Basically the best thing since sliced bread . . . until the 360° spinner suitcase, which was even more amazing. 79 THE MINIBAR ROOFTOP BARS We’re not sure when the first rooftop bar opened for business, but we’re guessing it’s sometime around the construction of the first roof. Beverage + view + sky = Win. Unless it’s packed and steaming hot outside and people are doing upside-down margaritas, in which case, maybe not. 81 Someday, in some intergalactic magazine, the western world will be recognized for its finest contribution to the good life. 82 ECO-FRIENDLY HOTEL PROGRAMS A trend illustrated brilliantly by the doughnut-shaped waste-reducing bar of soap offered to guests at the Jupiter Hotel in Portland, Oregon. S E E PAG E 7 5 F O R P H OTO C R E D I T S 72 HOTEL FITNESS PROGRAMS Hotels are catching up with travelers’ desire to stay healthy on the road: Westin has teamed up with New Balance and offers running shoes for use at some of its hotels. At Trump Hotels, you can request Under Armour apparel, fitness gear and iPod Shuffles. TRYP by Wyndham offers designated fitness rooms, and Fairmont Hotels offers its Fairmont Fit program. LUGGAGE TRACKERS You can track your checked bags using Delta’s mobile app on your smartphone, or at Delta. com, but if you want to do it yourself, the FAAapproved TrakDot tracker uses a chip embedded with microelectronics and cell technologies to relay your bag’s progress. It even enters “airplane mode” in flight and sends you a text when you land to let you know your bag arrived with you. 85 83 WRINKLE-FREE CLOTHES The Refinery Rooftop Bar in NYC Dockers may have been an early pioneer in this travel godsend—especially for business trips—but plenty of brands have followed, including J.Crew, 84 with its recently released Ludlow suit in wrinkle-resistant Italian wool. THE CHUNNEL The Chunnel features three parallel undersea tunnels, which means travel between London and Paris takes just d e l t a s k y / j u n e 2 0 1 4 95 over an hour on the high-speed Eurostar.