Fis shing Activ vities s at Na avlakhi Port Area

 Fisshing Activvitiess at Naavlakkhi Po
ort Arrea
Forr:
DM
MCC Oiil Term
minals (N
Navlakh
hi) Ltd.
Preepared by:
b
Blu
ue Line Techno
ologies
Dr.. H. B. Dave
D
Rett. Dy. Director
D
r of Fish
heries
Rajjkot
hbd
[email protected]
m
Fisshing Activvitiess at Naavlakkhi Po
ort Arrea
Forr:
DM
MCC Oiil Term
minals (N
Navlakh
hi) Ltd.
Preepared by:
b
Blu
ue Line Techno
ologies
Dr.. H. B. Dave
D
Rett. Dy. Director
D
r of Fish
heries
Rajjkot
hbd
[email protected]
m
Blue Line
L
Tecchnologiees
blueliinetc@gm
mail.com
m
+91 94262364335
Fishing Activities at Navlakhi Port Area
Introduction Navlakhi is a minor fishing centre. Fishing activities was before construction of main Navlakhi port before 19th century. Fisherman colony (kattcha housing) was situated near junction of Sui and Varsamedi Creek. Varsamadi creek is a tidal creek, where is Sui creek water remains about 4 to 6 mtr in low tide. Location of Navlakhi Commercial harbor Lat. 22° 58’ 25” N Long. 70° 27’ 24” E After construction of Navlakhi port fisherman was allowed landing and berthing of their boats and, they made residence also in port territory. That time boats were non‐mechanize and plying with the help of sail. After formation of Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) from state port department for further development of port activities, fisherman of Navlakhi and families related with fishing activities shifted from port primacies in 1999 to 2000. 1 Shifted fishermen and labor populations settled in three different locations as follows. 1. In Kutch area (Tunavandi and nearby area) 2. Those are only depends upon fishing and using their boats they settled near Navlakhi port on the bank of Sui Creek, that area known as Juma Vari. Jumavari fishermen’s colony 2 Jumavari fishermen’s colony 3. Labor of port and some family not directly attached with fishing boats and actual fishing, they shifted in Navi Navlakhi village. In Juma vari total 140 muslims kutchi language speaking families staying. They have constructed clay and wooden small houses in inter tidal area. Details of 140 families shown as follows. Fisherman population of Navlakhi ( Jumavari ) area. Dist. Rajkot, Tal. (Maliya) No. of Adults
families Male 140 216 Children
Total
Total population
Female Male Female Male Female 218 222 214
438 432
870 3 In above population majority persons are un letrate. The details of education of Navlakhi (Jumavari) area is as follows. No. of Population Primary Secondary Total
families education education Male Female Total Male Female Male Female Male Female
140 438 432 870 19
0
0
0 19 0
Provision has been made for fishing boats to cross below the bridge at any tidal stage by providing 30 meter span of the bridge having minimum clearance of 6 meter allow boats which are operating for fishing purpose at Navlakhi area is adequate. 4 Crafts and Gears In long back in Navlakhi area fishermen are using wooden boats where are known as “Navlakhi Hodi”, because they are slightly different then other Indian fishing boats. Generally Navlakhi Hodi was made from teak wood. The dimensions for same are as follows: Overall All Length: 16 to 18 ft. Width : 4 to 5 ft. Depth : 3 to 3.5 ft. Mast: 15 ft in height. The front is longer then keel. Stern is square. Now these boats are very rare in operation. All old boats are replaced by Analg’s life saving boats. After purchase of these boats fishermen are making some modifications as per their requirement & needs for fishing, like making wooden cabin, installing India made diesel engine, removing lifesaving instruments, etc. With using such type of modified boats fishermen are fishing in mainly 3 patterns. (1) Gill netting, (2) Doll netting for Bombay duck fishing, this is also known as bag net fishing. (3) Hook and lines fishing (locally known as Wagha fishing) 5 In present scenario those fishing boats which are purchase from Alang are made from FRP and specially design for life saving boats. This boats are modified by fishermen as per mentioned above. At present the dimension of fishing boats which are operating by Navlakhi fishermen is as follows. Overall Length: 5.5 to 8.5 meter. Width : 2.5 to 3.4 meter. Depth : 1.0 to 1.5 meter. Mast: 4.0 to 4.5 meter. Along with these fishermen are using wooden flat bottom boats known as Maliya type boats. Dimensions of wooden non mechanize maliya type boat is as follows: Overall Length: 4.0 to 4.5 meter. Width : 1.0 to 1.5 meter. Depth : 0.7 to 0.8 meter. Mast: 1.5 to 2.0 meter. Details of fishing crafts (Boats) Mechanized Trawlers FRP 0 Wood
en I B M O B M 85 0 0
Non Mechanized Others Flat bottom
Total 0
106 21
6 FRP fishing boats modified from life saving boats FRP fishing boats modified from life saving boats 7 Maliya type wooden non mechanize flat bottom fishing boat 8 Fish and Fish catch Navlakhi area is natural ground of mangrove and river mouth some of saurastra and kutch area’s rivers like Aaji, Demi, Macchu, Banas, Sarasvati, Rupen, Bhramhani. Due to this this area is very productive for fish breeding and growth. List of major commercial fish is as given below: Ghol, Dara, White Pomfret, Black Pomfret, Bombay Duck, Thread fin, Jew fish, Hillsa, Clupeids, Coilia, Shark, Mullet, Cat fish, Eel, Seer fish, Indian salmon, Ribbon fish, Silver bar, Perch, Small scieneidies, Shrimp, Prawns, Lobster, Crab, Mud Skipper, Cuttle Squids, Carangies & Sole. This area is well known for Ghol / Jaw fish ( Johnius Diacanthus ) and Dara / Indian Tassel fish (Polynemus Indicus ). These two fish verity migrating during monsoon for breeding purpose. Fish landing at Navlakhi (Jumavari ) Area Year Fish Catch (in MT)
2004‐05 1856
2005‐06 1528
2006‐07 2709
2007‐08 2881
2008‐09 953
2009‐10 1040
2010‐11 1072
9 Approach to Fishing grounds. Fishermen of this are using Sui creek to make approach fishing ground like Hanssthal creek, ground near chaugle jetty, ground near kandla port, chha area , mota pata. In winter season fishermen are spending 3 months near chaugle jetty (approximately 3km towards navlakhi from chaugle jetty ) for Bombay duck fishing. 10 In monsoon and summer they are fishing Jaw fish, Indian Tassel fish, Indian salmon (local name Raws) in fishing ground like Chha and mota pata. Both of these grounds are sub grounds of Hans Sthal Creek. When flood in River Banas, and other rivers which are draining in Little Rann of Kucth, juvenile of shrimp species like M. Kutchensis common name (Sonia) are migrating to Little Rann of Kutch. To fish this shrimp fisherman are fishing in Hans Sthal Creek particularly from Navlakhi to Surajbari Bridge. To approach all above fishing grounds fishermen of Jumavari must travel through Sui Creek only. 11 Future development plan for fishing activities Department of Fisheries, Government of Gujarat has planned for fishing harbor at Navlakhi port area. Place is before Navlakhi port in sui creek, at Jumawadi area. The place for same is reserved by Government and allotted to Department of Fisheries by The Collector Rajkot, by letter JMN – 1 – Maliya Miyana – 97 /07 dated on 03/05/2010. On above fishing harbor government has planned fish landing facilities and boat’s berthing space. Fishermen will use sui creek to approach this jetty. After construction of approach bridge of DMCC oil terminal, fishermen have to cross this bridge which will locate at sui creek. Location of fishing harbor at Sui Creek Monitoring of fishing boat's in national security program. Fisheries department deputed a Fisheries Guard at Jumawadi area for monitoring fishing boats and other vessel’s movement in Navlakhi marine area. Government is keeping record for traffic of marine vessels / fishing vessels, time records and other details regarding national security program. As per last two year’s record, average 15 boats are sailing from Jumavari per day and they are taking fishing token for this purpose from Fisheries Department, Government of Gujarat. All above arrange is meter of national security and monitoring by Central Government. 12 Marine environment in Navlakhi area. Climate The year can be divided into: the winter seasons from November to February, the hot seasons from March to May, the south‐west monsoon seasons from June to September and the intervening month of October. On an average, the summer is extremely hot and dry. The day temperature goes as high as 45° C. In winter, the weather is mild, pleasant and dry. The average temperature during day time is 29°C. The days are usually sunny and the sky is clear. Average yearly rain fall is about 470 mm. The Baseline Marine Environment This area is situated in river delta of Aaji, Demi, Macchu, Banas, Sarasvati, Rupen, Bhramhani. The Jumawadi are is located at sui creek. Rivers like Aaji, Demi are draining in sui creek. Gelogically, most of the intertidal flats are degraded mangrove swamps together with the supra‐tidal flats consist of costal and shallow marine deposits. These are interspersed with occasional elevated areas or ‘mounds’. The flats grade inland to clay‐pan areas interspersed with micro‐ducts of sublet branch of the main creek. These alluvium clay‐pan and to a larger extent, mudflat deposits and have been locally used for fishing. The key landform of the area of area is Mudflats: A hyper‐saline mudflats dominates the project area and are bare and near flat in topography. The mudflats may be occasionally inundated by during storm and / or flood events but are primarily terrestrial units. The Ex‐mouth Gulf is one of the largest embayment on the northeast coast. The catchment contributing run off sediments and water to Ex‐mouth Gulf 13 is relatively very small. The Ex‐mouth Gulf region is affected by periodic extreme climatic events. The creek and mudflat ecology For purpose of this analysis, the costal zone has been defined to include the intertidal and sub‐tidal areas on and above the continental shelf and immediately adjacent lands. This definition therefore includes areas that are routinely inundated by saltwater. Because the definition of costal ecosystems is based on their physical characteristics rather than a distinct set of biological features, they encompass a much more diverse array of habitats than do the other ecosystems. Coral reefs, mangroves, tidal wetlands (mudflats), sea‐grass beads, barrier islands, estuaries, peat swamps and variety of the other habitats each provides its own distinct bundle of goods and services and faces somewhat different pressures. Creek System Creeks are special habitats, the field being the mixing of fresh water and slt water and periodic stirring up by tides. The hydrographic conditions are peculiar and these influence the flora and fauna of such environments. Often a marked gradient of decreasing salinity is evident from the mouth towards the head especially during monsoon communities prevail in the creek system. In some regions evaporation and lack of fresh water flow extend the brackish range upward into hyper saline conditions. This state is invariably experienced by the Gulf Creek system especially during non‐
monsoon periods. In such situations exceptionally hardy forms with special adaptations alone are likely to survive. There is a network of creeks and alluvial marshy tidal flats in the interior part of the Gulf. The creek receives negligible freshwater inflow during the dry season. Hence, the evaporation exceeds precipitation leading to salinities higher than that of typical seawater (35 ‐36 ppt). The higher salinities may also result due to the drainage 14 The mangroves in this region are developed under extremely arid climate. The bio‐climate is hot, with a rather moderate winter season, sub‐desertic, with very strong average annual thermal amplitude of about 12°C. The bioclimate is hot, with a rather moderate winter season, subdesertic, with very strong average annual thermal amplitude of about 12°C. The average rainfall in the Gulf of Kutch is about 470 mm and the dry season continuos from October to June. It has been describe by the Space Applications Centre that in the Gulf of Kutch, marine process are dominant through the year due to negligible freshwater discharge. The ecology of the mangrove wetlands is influenced by a number of macro level physical forces. Among them, the quantity and periodicity of freshwater flow plays a significant role in determining the species diversity, biomass and forest structure role in determining the species diversity, biomass and forest structure, Observations of the study indicate that presently the flush freshwater of the main rivers from the south flowing in the costal region i.e., between Navlakhi – Maliya has been almost depleted since last two decades, except during rainy days. This has resulted into degradation of mangroves around the creeks and intertidal mudflats in the proposed project site. 15 Flora The dominant mangrove vegetation along Jakhau, Koteshwar and Lakahpat is mainly of Avicennia marina var. acutissima, which forms almost a pur stand. Earlier reports indicate that Avecennia officnalis, Rhizopora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza and Ceriops tagal were found associated with Avicennia marina. Presently these species have become rare or absent except Avicennia marina. Huge formations of Sesuvium portulacstrum occur on the marshy fringes or mangroves associated with Salicornia brachiata, Suaeda fruticosa, cressa cretio an aleurops lagopoides and cyperus spp. And chloris spp. are found commonly on the mudflats. In the Areas with low salinity grass species such s Dichanthium Annulatum, Aehima Nevosum, Cenchurus Siliaris, C. Setigerus and Panicum antidotale occur along with Acacia nilotica and Capparis sp. 16