Establishment Record for the Tionesta Research Natural Area within

Establishment Record for the Tionesta Research Natural Area within

R-9,
Copy NE
( o rSi gt ai nt iaol n i n Ledger)
E
?~WNEYL.VICH&A
ESTABLISHMENT REPORT FOR
TIONESTA RESEARCH NATURAL AREA
Within t h e Allegheny National Forest
McKean County, Pennsylvania
U. S. GOVERNMENT P R I N T I N G 3 F F I C E
: 1980 O
-
309-842
Fs-6200-7(10/73)
on ISOreaber 23, 1934, the N m t i ~ t~o rl e s t R.ru7lrtiOn Corrluiorr.
m m e t m m r i p t i o n and vrlu*
approved the p u r c h a of th8 r t ~ f a o er i g h t @on a t r a c t of laa* on the b u d s t f f e of Tioneeta C n e k fmm tb. C . n t n l P*na.yliania Lumbar Comgkay.
p u o b a n m e ar8plel.t.d
Ih.
Tiaber r a l w e a m i n d i c a t d by the roluma of r r c h a n t a b l e Week and
hrrdwode p r n t on t h e t r a c t r t u n cruieed In L E Z , a@f o l l o r e :
JLLl 23, 1936, and the a r a of 4,OBO e o n @within
PUfcha-
..rerag. Stand p r
a o n , 9. t.
*ie.
the boundaries of U.rSb.t%yEational t o m e t i e na i n Tod8nJ. ovmrokip.
% t a l Stftnd*
Y
n.,B.
i s
of t h i s t r a c t , ad-rocuted by tho Pemmylrania ?weetry
a f t e r thorough conaid8ration of the a a i e n t i f i c ard asstlmtlo t a L w of t b .
4r(pu a P l @
403
i,7W
T l o ~ . t . t r a c t and tha wed f o r p m r r r i n g i t , th. lest -1nia.s
Yellow ani m e t blrCh
2454
1,579
BTaak cherry
3ll
1,351
Khite a h
104
453
Zvlp
The C o l l i u l o n n e
a r m of v i r g i n f o r e 8 t i n the middle a t l a n t i a reglon.
p r e n r r a t i o n n p r 8 m t o d tb. highoet public w e .
In or&? t h a t the p i b l i c m y enjoy the o d u a a t i o ~ lend i ~ p i r r t i o n r l
q u a l i t l e e i n h e n n t i n unmleeted r i r g l n f c r r 8 t 8 r l t h a r t deetzofing t t n urf u l n e u o r tbm t r a c t f o r m i a ~ t i f i cr e u r r o h , it i e neoe88uy t h a t tha M
be g i r u r e p r a i a l daeignetion and t h a t appmpriato p l w of - m a t
k
RsaLoak i e tb. chief ep.aiee, W i n g UP 7 s of tth, niercbantable rolum on the
lnat itutrd.
B r o h i e r a o n d in iapor-&me, ssd i s the chief u m 8 r e t o r j
t m o t ea a whole.
Deaaription of h a c t
@p.ci@@,
r*pmbrcin(l: both by .wdlin&e and root 8uckam to bold i t 8 om r i t h
laoation
'Th. intolenuit black c b e n y , yellarpo?lea, bseo-
the l o w r - l i r e d hemlook.
Thie r i r g l n e r r 18 1oaat.d i n S b . f f i b l ~ Iand Wetmre ltmmhlp..
mod. and whit. e8h
l l r r n n and McK8en Countiee, Pu3n8ylr.nta.
31-
a t i o n r l lone:,
a.
.boa!
d t h h th8 bounbari88 of t b .
rindthrow, i o l . t O , drou&ht, eta., r h i a h her, opened tha dorainant hraloa&-
p o l i t i d ub-
on ti^ e t t a a b d a&.
b a l l CUMm i
.8 b v e t and allowed reproduction of rbsw r a p i d - y ) w l ~ g
d i v l e i o m and tb. e n a t loaation a f eaah unit a m .bDa by attaah.d b a r
e
g
g
redrafted f r a acqul8ltion 8-
culture.
r l t h t h e &%iton
tho AlLoghemy R i r r r , d r r i n the t r a c t .
LO*@392,
u 4 , 4 s . el, a,
r i l d 4SJ; ud p0rtiOlu
Of
Lot8
An urr of SSb n o n e i n
372, 373, 391, 393, US, 3759, Z W , m d 2 a .
t o t r l e r r of 4 , U 6 e o n 8 pumhnd i n t h i 8 tnat.
Th. trra:
i e i n on8
of a w e t f a o i w c u t t i n ( edgm btwa Let8 394 Ild 393 ur). adjeoent p t i 590, U B , md l
u
~ 3789
t
08
the m e t .
W
a
un no ?went bum8 and no burren,
(
.
. 8-t,
m about 65 y . u e ago on the r l @
e ol l$Wk and t t n weet branch cb Fork m e .
tion.)
for p u a b a n .
betwon G h 8 r r y Run and t b .
(%e b a n sap f o r exact l00a-
--
&out 37s @are. hn reproduced t o a stand of mrcrcbsntable corbrood,
oconeiomtl e a u r e d n t o r e n e which 8tuvir.d t l r wind and f i n .
i n 1934, end of hprd*oode in ~ $ 2 3
und 1936, b e been
c o r p l e k Y on a m o r i u t . l y 338 a c m e i n U t e 572, 373, end 393.
Thie ndjacent
poMt tb. nor expond north boundwy of t b i i r g l n fornet.
Tb. reminder of the t r a c t , o r r p p m d m t . l y 5,7CO acme, i e l o r e e t r d
dth v i r g i n ti-r
Phyelcnl Condi tion8
02 good qunlity.
Studie* by the A l e g h a y F o n e t E z w r i n n t
stmtion Iba th8t W o k on mil-at& e t m u bottom e i t e e 10 r r p n n t e d in
Tb. t r a c t l i e 6 a
8&
Platma r l t b l o UI. beeah-biroh-
a l l yp ale8ru8 f m a~f w t m e e ore? 50G year* of age to yourrg regroduetion a
maplchomloak f o n . t region, a t r L m C t o u rra(li..iza 1.W f a t i n r(w
t o 1,930 f w t @bore u - l m l on tlm rid608 mr p l a t u u .
rg . h m e
b r u e h , gmee, or c u l t l -
i t i e m r t h y of note t h a t e u v e windthror.
~
follorrd
c l u r - a u t err i e e r p c t a d to reproduce t o young gruwth, rbieh w i l l e r e n t ~ a ~ l y
Tb. XZ-
a a m t r a o t i n the mrthu8t o o r n a of Ipt 591 &a r w e n t l y b u r . a p p r o r d
t0pDgraph.t~
rated nmao
uggtng o r k
contiguoul bloak numurd.4 b7 a o v e ~ t a r n d
Lud, d t h the emeption
s t r u m r;.lLe)1
m clollfni.nt.
c h i d 1 7 rd auple, b h o k cbuTJ, y e l l ~
birch,
~
w a r ample and beech, wit&
p r t e of f a t 8 372, 373, and 393, r h i a h r 8 out or*r i n 19%. oarpietoe the
~ 8 t e l yanrd 1 4 i n Lot.
to
ml8 tm
by firm, a
a o r r s ouUUnd on t h e b a n a p inalude8 dl 0.2
us,
zu,
epai..
oi draioiy. .d
+Ributariee of tho south Branoh of Tloll.8tr C w k . a bnmah o r
Th. t r a c t of 4,-
err t b l r pm.mce c h i a l y t o local cdtbi~trophea, mcb a6
i t to a o n d 8 t oi e k r p e l d . d ,
-,
1-
T?n
st-
n11lere c u t i n t o a p l a t a u , r l t h r o l e t i r e l y J v M d i e m a t i o n a t the bed.
of dra1nrg.e.
pmr o r tra old.
Y8turs hemlock contain f i r e o r a i r Lo-fwt loge, o r i h i c b One
o r tn, arr u r f a c e cleur; acoording to tb. acquieition e d ~ a f i o n the
,
aTeia&V
log run i r mix 16-tart l o g . per thousead board feet.
cherry nm of r0re.t
.rorn f o m
%a u g h r napla ard black
and bo a m of excrli8nt quality, *bile the beech
ani o t b a r p o i e e ur of f a i r quality.
7
7-
8
3
Xppndix: Y P of ALle&m7 m t i o m 1 ? m e t .
Appendix: a n m p of propond natural md menio a n a e &.ig:ed
P e t Ticno*
r i q m fo-t
and ad&aent noond
19%.
AppmndiX: l b p o p p h i a m p O f W e t TiOikO8t. tlrot.
m e -II-t
bt-n
tho m e 8 1 4 m a e MA tb. MV.1 R n n e y l ~ U I e unbar Ccmpauy ren-d
to th8 bttrr t h e r i g h t to n m i e a l l foze8t pmduote fro*
t-e
year*'
a p p m l i r t . 4 336 a c m e e t t h e w r t b r n ond of the t m a t f o r a pwtiod emlily t.yr y e u e a f t o r t i t l e to tb. t n c : puwt to the U n i w Ctatae.
period r e completed on July 23, 1939.
-.
of t h e C.atral hnn8ylran.ia
Cospgny ni-
I z r an adkitioiuli two y e s b .
2 i t i z s n r of Kame, S u r e n , and o t h e r newby t o m s nave given no m n c m t s exe by ?h.adora K. Cop. ud a t b u r s. Ramifin. o f W l r n r l l tXil*rolty
a 0 d
during p r t of 1Lru, Sub, and nuerur;t. 19&'.
This r e p - t i l l u o t r a t s o tha
r a l u e of t h e undisturbed r i @ n
f o r e o t a 0 a m u r e 0 o f i n f o w t i o n of a n to
Cr.0 ; h u t and a n i n e l e m t o g i s t .
Ttm area 10 i a l u a b l e f o r t h e p.oduction of
animal8 af knriit t o the 8 7 0 r t ~ a nand t r a p p s r , but
i3ane end fur-b-riag
f a r mom ~ l u a b l ea m t h e f a c t 8 it can ft;rci8h concomtng th, balance of
n i l d l i f e species azd t b e l r i n t a m l a t l o n o with each o t h e r arrci r i t h t h e i r
- fact.
etvlro!lpsnt
r i l d l i f o minagor.
C i r e c t l y a n l l c c l h l e to the ?roblens of t h e ega and
Of c o u r u ,
tb. c l o o i n g o f Large n r m i l l r duo to f l u h i r s m v a i of ail n n a i n i ~ gt l n b c r
hs
w r i o u 8 l o a s of incorps
M
msw
% o m s of tho P b t s s u ; a f f l e l d 18
unigus only i n being t h e last to f a c e t h i s i w r l t a b l e ac'justrurt.
r s a c t i o n t a r a r d non-couxdity
ups
TM tseneral
of t h i s f o r e s t is f u r o m b l e %;uou&ut
% s t of tho S t a t e 4 i n a d j a c e n t :br Yorr State.
:oiluentiul
group.,
the
sbcn a s
t t e Pann87iranla ?oreetry ~ a a o c i a t i o na& rtm Birr6 . , s s j c l a ~ i o n , a r e stmn&;1
Irr fewer of m t a i n i w t h i r t r a c t aa ar unCisturbed axnc.p;s of ;~finsvaLf o r e s t .
Tho e n t i r e a r e a should bs p r e s e m d ln i t s n a t u r a l stat.
e e an e n r i m n a e n t within which anirmls a s r a l l a 0 planto m y paoa thmugti
t h e i r l i f e c;cle
pmosioa o f opinion, b u t probebly they synpathize with .Cheffieid.
d i s t u r b e d by mn-cawed
Lirntrg.mnt Pollog aai , ~ i s t r a t i t eS e ~ u i n . s r % s
3-rd
To a 8 n u r ttm p r o t e c t i o n and r i urn
~ of tCe unusuai n i u e o e x i s t i n e
catastrophoo.
in t h i s area, p o l i c i e s f o r i t s c o n s e n h t l v e developasct ~ z duse are reco~zmnde0
and ad.a p a r t of t h i s report.
s s e e Of v i r g i n timber, m p 8 ~ 1 t a t i v oof o r i g i n a l f m e u t condition8
r3j
71.m m u ~ tr ~ m u n i z et b ~need f u r safe-
y a r d i n g the s c i a n t i f i c , arducationai and i n r p l r ~ t i o n a ; vrl,lae, the ; r a a e r r d t i o n
i n any f o r e o t region, o f f e r a t t r e c t i r o r e c r r a t i o m l p s a l b i l i t i e # f o r p~b
of which rru tha b a s i c f u a t i f i c a t i o n f o r t h e exzwxlltw-e of ' 3 3 ~5700,CCC
~
of
i i c d o r e l o ~ a a n t . T h i s a r s a 10 p o t e n t i a l l y a valuable r e c m a t i o m l a s s e t t o
public funds to ; w c b m it.
?he .,lls(;heny : h t i o n a l Fomot, and a s auch a l o m d e # e n o s a2equrte p t e e -
? i c e s l n h e m n t r i @ t M enjoy it.
, % tt s r sum t i = ,
i t =st
r~)co&nizet h e w b -
LI~SC)
Becauss of the beaut7 snd the p j ~ l i l ra p p a l
t l o n a m i n s t poacible spoilage of t h i s mltur by u n w i n admtniotration or
?f r i r g f n f o r e s t , ? o n o l d a a b l e public we
e x c e s s i r e ;rub110 u8e.
m a t be m d e ;rrafarably i n t h e f o r n o f th. s l a p l + s t facilities chat w i l l m e t
The u w to which such a r s a o m y k aubjsctad bg pub
a;af
be expected, p r o v i ~ l o nf 3 r %hicS.
l i e demand i s i l l u e t r a t e d by t h e f a c t t h u t t h e Cook S t a t e m m s t Park, an
th. need and a t thr, mne t i n e cauoe a nialmun disturbaaee of u n t d c o n d l t i x u i .
a r e s of r i r e i n v h i t e pine on t h o Clarion S l r e r , a. v i s i t e d by 500,000 pr-
%em f a c i l i t l a s ahould be ao d a a i g u d e n i lx%ttsd t h a t r l s l t o r s ta the a r m
sono during t h e 1 9 3 sesso&.
I n t h e mstropolitan a m n s of saren largm
-7
onjoy t h e i n s p i r a t i o n a l and r r a m a t l o n a ) . s t l z a L w C a t the area hoo t o
tin ur a u l d he d i r e c t e d so t t a t a i s r u r b r r r e of ruc-
c i t i e s w i t h i n a day's d r i n by a u t o m b i l e from the t r a c t a r e 19 t e l l l i o n
Miu, but a t the &ma
peopie, may of rhora a m able to a p l o y l e i w +
t i n m dedicated to purely .ali.cpStcic p u r s u i t s w i l l be alnialzcnl.
m t u m l wonders.
o r r a c a t l o n tlm i n TiOltiUg
o t h e r cdmple b u t nwrauu). f u l l l t t e o rill be froviaed a t the M r t h a r n end of
%lo
t b treat.
antlcipeted.
s n t r s c e rued aman on t h e rm? and t h e
3 acaonplish t h e n p u p o r n o ,
Honorer, b e c a u n of it. m l a t i r e i o o l n t i o n ard t h e pm-
p o d 8lrqplicity of it. r s c r s a t i o m l f a c i l i t i e s , o x t m m l y hoary w e 18 not
p i n t d u r t r r o o o a r o i ~ sthe cons1derro;e distwhuncea b r o w h t
about by i n t e m i r o o i l and &ws d e r e l o ~ t sa i > y
:a r:"-,%
be:reao
Cherry ifun
scientific a& Educational Valuso Dominhnt
nad ?.'eOt Brtulch of Fork Run.
I n riw o f ttm fact.
tb.t t h o Tionoota t r a c t uu 10 th. la86 l u g m
disturbed by loggia6
a r b i t r u i l y oxcludad f m n tha orxithem portion, ~r
o r inteM1.r
m c n u t i o n a l u m , it. v a l u e a s m o n r p l o of na-1
animal co-itieo
resenat: ror r c l s n t l f l c
Sa
TMo d o m w t n e c e u u r i l y mnn t h a t occaeloaal r i a l t o r s r i l l he
pWp0008.
a m a of wld1oturb.d f o r e s t of i t 8 kind, a u i tb8t on-
Th. southern hit n i l :
p l a n t aad
b a n d f r o m tb northern half,
t h s t s c l e n t l l l c ~ s rei l l be
lio+orrhelaoo, i t bppeuru to be @oa p i * ~ n r i wW
18 f o m r e r d e 8 t r o y d . p e r a m . n t T ~ n r r a t i o nl n i t 0
meagnizo i n c ~ d n g
;rublic u n and to prorida f o r I t in such a way thclt the
n a t u r a l s t a t e energeo a 0 tb. higtmot p o ~ o i b l ou r .
can the f o r e s t o r 8tudy tho t r u e 1-
ti-
?or only i n u c h
l
tract
s c i e n t i f i c and oQlcetional r a l u e 8 m y be conserved by o w i n g w It t h a t huran
i n t e r a c t l o n o o m w fro* 8p.cies.
dlstutbfmoo of tb. ara 1 0 kept t o
R
nlnimc.
the r e l a t i o n of t m e s to l e s u r regmtatlon and to n a t i v e oniral. l i f e , tho
of Lw are- b%LW*n
T h i s p l a n l o b a u d on the p r i n c i p l e of a dlr1s:on
conditione u n b r which v i r g i n f o r e o t o gmr, r m c h n a t u r i t y , d e c l i n e a u i re.'urenau.
;nmero to thowands of p e r p l u i w f a r s o t nrir(ismnt
t l m w tm forau of u r which rill b e s t serve t o c l ~ r l t t*
'~
iOtrrrtion, ..lOauUd t h a t ?Ortion dsdicatard t o sc1es:iflc
m y rennin obscure i n d e f i n i t e l y witbout an opportunity to l e a r n hac t h e n
no a l i a t m l d m ,
pmhlsrrs, a m n e t i n t h e uadi8turbed f o r e 8 t .
u ~ b l s of
r
rdziz-
qwotloru
p r i d e f o r ths r i g h t s o:
r o w u r c l ta
t m ;u>.lc 'to a n J o j
ba a o m
UW
.
e6uc.r-
P o n m t u o , 00 rrLl cu
t i o n n l and in8piratioolrL r 8 l u e o of a l a r g e a m r e p r e ~ n t s t l r sU a c t t 3 w a s c i a -
and p l a n t ecoloei8t0, h.r long - g n i z d
tb. t m s t i r b l s ralw of m l n -
namd a Sconia -a.
t a i n i n g r i r e i n axvao a. ot.udnrd8 of CorpvLron and o b j a c t o f o r d o t i o n
by f o r e s t ;ranylors.
TO m l l u w t h i s l a a t r e m i n i n e o.urplo o f v i r g i n d l o -
The r e c o n u l n d d d i v i s i o n o f t h . a r e a b e t r s a c : . r a o t a f ~ r szf u w 10
a 8 ohom on t h e a t t a a b d b w m p .
Tho a r e a ded1cr:ed
p r m r i l ~to s c l e n t l f l c
g h n y hardwoods t o booom f o r m r l o o t would be a 0 n d 0 ~ 8
t o ooientiflc
purpow8 through .linili..l
endeavor and f a r o o t p r a o t i a a a 0 tko l o w of a n a t i o n to a r L d culture.
?enn8ylwnf.,
i n h r o r of
t r a c t i n o r d a to m l n t a l n th. l i f e
d s d l c ~ u dpii
A#
Lw&Lne t h l o
LLAL
m r l Q t o p ~ b l i cw o e o I L t . 1 ~1.967 acres.
ifubllc a n t i m a t
%em i s a o t m ~ ( il w u l mtiP.nt m a g tb. p.op& o f S b f f i 8 f d .
p l b l l a u r Contalne 2,iL3 s c r e e ;
p r l d d i n t h i s p k n , Um s d n t n l o p r t i o n of r i e n t i f l c nna atha? u a
of t h r tkt-1
Icr0.t
-8
21'pertar.nt
.h.U ba the m o p a s l b i l i t y of t h . m r - c t o r of t t e ,.l-whew
StatLon, u c o p t tlmt p r o t e e t i a n f m r f l r e aoO r r e o p l s s w1LL be
Cop*, T. %. srd Ihrlria8, A, S. 1933. X p r o l i ~ t l a u yn u r o y of t h o f l o r a sad f a u n o r th. de8t T i o l u o ~v i r g i n f o r o a t , Pennoylrraia.
P e t e r s , %or@.
1936. Ten y e m e s p m g r o u i n Cmk ? o r r o t S t a t e ark. S e n i c e U t t o r P.nnoylrania bputrmt of ?orest. a m Water..
1936.
24.55-r7.
Foreot *roe.
Seriee 7 . 20. ;3. =rcleDer 31.
b
th. Regional P a m e t e r .
, i d a i n i e w ~ t i o a , u,Md d r r . l o g . n t
of
the s o e n i c &-a.hll be t h e r e s p o ~ i b l l i t yof the R e g i d P w a r c r r , JL6esotn
7ei?l0n.
I t 18, h v e r , bg.d t h a t t h e ae@oldl t o r e a t e r md UI. D i r e c w r
t o t i a t e rill be aoar;truct.d War tbs prrking iun and a few p i c n l ~
8%-
u l K e e , d t h dthn reftam cane ar p i t a , 6 U be p c v i d e d a t n t i t % b l e lochtione.
For t b r t l r kin#
and u n t i l a bet*
i d u of public nerd. f o r
s h a l l mutUnlly a
m on th. d e e l r r b i l i t ~of any l n p v e n m t r o r t r e a t r n t e to
a d d i t i o n e l i a o i l i t i e s 1 s o b t e i a d , rp f i r e place* rill be h i l t , or f a c i l i -
oe and* i n e i t b a r
-,
t i e s f o r urarpUy ~ v i a e din this
s i m e both p o r t i o ~o f t h e t r a c t e r r inteniepsrrdent
and not u p u a t e b i o l o g i c unite.
anrcl.
I n t h e w e n t that public ur grow8 t o ruch e n e x t e n t a s to mum
That both the iii.tum1 ud Suenio d o r e m y a a m e f f e o t l v e l y t h e pu-
dying ai t r r e , a l l p i c n i c k i n g inside th. Scrniu ,,ram rill be --d
and a
pome of f i e l d l a b o r a t o n f o r both rrnirl and p h t t e c o l o g and the m a j o y a n t
u i t a h l e dew1o;unt
b j the public of l i v i n g exanples of w i l d l i f e i n t h e i r n a t i v e heunte, th.
e r p r c t e d t h a t p r k i n g f n c i l i t i e e i m i d e w i l l be expanded beyonl sceorod.tions
w r e s t s r r i o e rill take up 6 t h t h e Pennaylrania Cafl W m z s s i c n t h e porei-
for
Law8.
2:ete
iD*eror,
i t 18 r e c o m l z e d t h a t t h e a r e a 1 s too
mll to a l l o r a mr-
b i o l o g i c balance to become e e t a b l l e h s d ; hence, e a u d y p w of c o n t r o l
m y be naceseary to provent the d e r r l o p p . n t o f e r c e e e i v e p o w l a t i o n s t h a t
eat
in t h e rmnd-gnnrth t a b u o u t 8 1 6 .
I t i s nos
ss care.
b i ' i i t l ~ *of having the a t t i r e t r a c t doelgnat& a ep.oi6l r i l d l i f e p r e r n e i n
r h f c h a i l f o r u rill be allowed t o d 6 ~ 1 0 pi n a a o o ~ with
o
n e t t ~ biologio
l
?mid&
The plamud l o c a t l o n of tho parking anw and tb. s h o r t t r a l l t o water
rill m k s e m a l l a n t a r p i . 8
o f v i r g i n aonditlone a r a i l a b l e to old-
and t h o r m t phyeiaclllg a b l e t o r s l k l o w e r dietnncee.
prane
No a t t s a p t a t t h i s
t i r 1. being rade t o l a y o u t the u l t l m t s t r a i l s y a t a s o r s r and above timt
m v t d e d by t b p i p l l n a e .
It is pmbahle t h a t the t r a l l system should provide f o r acceea i n t o
damage s s v a r e l y the v e g s t a t l o a to the d e t r i a r n t of a l l p L s t and a n l m l
portions of Lots 372, 373, 303, aad 412 not nor s a s i i y reecnea from t h e pip*
Life.
Lime.
Cas of the xWtural ,@*a
Suggeaud l o c 6 t i o n s f o r f u t u r e conelderatlsn, d e p n a e n t u w n urn, a r a
3 s XL1agb.w Forest l t z p s r i m n t S t a t i o n w i l l take d e f i n i t e e t e p s t o
i n t e r s e t , ahouid
enaum t h e f u l l e s t p r a c t i c a b l e r c i e k t i f i c u u of t h i s a~ con8iet.nt with
i t s ? r e w r v a t i m a s a n s w p l e of und1rturb.d r s g . t a t i o n .
Scientiete, ims-
t o ouch m s t r i c t i 3 n a a8 the Director m y p r s s c r l b . t o 8af-e
p b l i c b e n e f i t fro6 the m o u l t s .
th. m l u e e
Tho p r e n n a e of well
d e r s l o w d 8ecsnd-growth a s well a s r e c e n t l y c l e a r c u t lands a d j a c e a t t o the
t r a c t nalE.8 poeeible t h e study o f c o n t r a s t i n g c o n d i t i o n i .
an o b j e a t i r r f o r t r u m p r e .
Tba a m rill be cnrenLCLy but unobtmsivsly signed, g i r i n g t h e p u b ~ t c
Th. d e g h m n ~Natlonvl Forrmt w i l i continue to protect the e n t i r e t r a c t
f r u f i r e end t r e e w e e e e i t b e in t h e p a t .
d l r 6 r o u t h u c s , tho e d r l o r of t h . %mu
In the e r s n t of i n w o t o r t r e e
of a~lto.ology and Plenr ,uarantlne
and of t h e Bn*6u of P l 8 8 t L x i u a t r j e b a l l be mught and conrrpi r r a e u r s a nece e a r y t o p r o t e a t botll tr S u m i c and Natural d a e a h i l l be W a r tb. teehni-
S e n a r c h workers i n an? f i e l d s h a l l ba d e f l n l t e l y m 8 t r i c t u d t o the
use of such techniques a8 rill prevent pernarvnt d i f i c a t l o n of e x i e t i n g
conditions and rlll c a u m a nlnimum o i tenporary disturbance of e i t h e r p l a n t
o r a n l t a l l i f e o r t h e i r enrimnosnt.
k,
ntch d i r e c t i o n n l and e d u u t i o n r l i n i O ~ t l O na8 i s a p ~ m p r i a t a .
s p C t i n of t h a l r a i f l l l a t i o n e , rill be eacouraged t o u r t h e asea, m b j e a t
1~voLv.d a& en-
"The Boulderow, e unique me& foxantion of consldereble
eketahsd on t h e uap.
c a l d i r s c t i o n of tho a w e b n r u s cowemsd.
Such m n t m l , if i t i n v o l v e r
c u t t i n g o i t l n b e r o r w U e r p m d urn of p o i m n s , & s l l be a r b j e c t t o nppmvrrl
by the Regional ?ore.ta
m d t h e Director.
:To buildln*3s, m d e , telopbona, o r
o t h e r improrsrrantm s h a l l be coastruated i n o r a c r o s s t h e :!atam1 .cut, ax-
Innpotion
Th. R.gioPal F o r e a t e r and the Mr0ato.- rill r e q u i r e that q u n l i r l e d
ce?t s s provided l e g e l l y throu@ t h e e i s m i u of e x i e t i n g m i m r a l r i g h t s .
Low staadard f o o t t r a l l 8 , o t h s r thou t h e e x l s t i n g o i l and g a s l i m e , s h a l l
Se penaitfad vhere necessary to t h e conduct of e c i e n t i f i c research.
Saupiw
r e p m n t a t i v a # of ouch umko a t l m e t ta i n s p c t i o n # of both Scanlc and
liaturs]. -8
a n n u a l l y t o &t.intne
the adequacy of a x l e r i n g I u c l l ? t i e s and
end u a , of f i r e on t h e area e h 8 U be a l l o r . d only upon p s r e i ~ e i o ntrorn t h e
whether the unique e d u a 8 t i o p l l and s c i a n t i i i c m l u e e a r e b e l w p o ? i % r d i z e dby
atrector.
over
;as Alegheny Forest S x p o r i m n t S t a t i o n .
h
l
lb e g th. R e g i o n d
rJaa of Scenic , s e a
Considerabie d i s t u r b n e e of a b s o l u t e aaturrrlnses has alreud.j occurrud
r l g h t c o f - r a y of t t n p i p l i m s
~ nu ,r
Bcnrrer, tln cleffad
b l e a e t m i l r and, b7 rad 1-0,
or t.reeme~.
aerieion d ?oiicy
F o r e s t e r i n f o r d a s t o p l a m and maouroh i n plW3re88 on th. N I t u r a l m a .
through t h e operati?na of o i l wul g r s d m l o p w n t e .
UY
noviolone of t h i s policy m y be lade f m n t l a r to t i n , a s nesclsrt
M
safeguard t h i e a r e a f o r t h e purpoeea f o r r h l c h I t i s s e t aside.
-uca r s r i -
alone rut be colleurred i n by the Regional l o m e t e r end Dtrecto:
M a approved
by t h e Ghief Forsetor b e f o r e they becam o . p n t i r e .
;nu-
s e a t a n a t t r a c t i v e a.;psnranae a& a r e e a e i l y ~ w t i c ~ M L I. t i 8 gLUWMf t h a t
t h e m s h a l l t o m the b s i s o f tb. t r a i l ryst.n,
sitj for cztting
t h e m & mdWfnCI the neC*e-
or d i g & & n a trails.
3 e v e l o p m t a e l h f o r the con8tructton o i a s t u b m a d l d i n g f r o 8
:ruck t r a i l 533 t h r ~ y C hb r p i 8 0 r .
of the v i r g i n tlib.r,
ria
a parking e p c e f o r 10-20 c a r e n u u the commn
:orner of Lot. 9 3 , 374, 391, end 292.
.t t h l s p i n t tha tlEtier 18 r a t h e r
a c u t t a m d wlth aonslderabie of I t d e u ~~r Cfity end l i s t i s ~ c r l f i c eof old
dror t h i s rmcaesury.
length
Line 0:
c h n be
?ma tha p r l r i n g s w c e u s h o r t t r a i l about :,4 z i l e i n
b u i l t on ua e t a , c r ~ & i e n tt s d r i n r i w ri~to: '-c::e
t h e i k t t o m l Trhneit Cor,?any.
nd the pim l i n e i s very f i n s .
J e g i o w l F o r e s t e r . -agasn 7
%-year o l d seaond g r o r t h i n t o the edg.
'.he p i w
TLie timber alor!.g t h i s rjroprsd t r ~ i :
:n o r d e r t o provide aunirary t a c l l i t i r * ,
;L.rector,
-ta cion
-~o&ihmj
-crsst -x er:-.en%
!$y v i r t u e of t h , authDrity 7rat.d
i n er by R o g u l a t t w U-3 arrd U-4 of
the S e a r r t a r ~o f ~ g r i c u i t u r a , 1 do hareby d e d g n a u :
(1)
AS
t b r Tloneeta t21tural art t h e f o l l o r l n g b a r l b o d lands in
, J l s g h r z r j National F o r e s t , i n o r d a t h a t s a i d lsod.
b. d u l i c a t e d to and
u 8 d f o r f f i i e n t l f i c m s w c h d education.
Al.i
of Lot8 430, 4 s . 432, and p a r t l o n a of LOte 414. U 3 , and "&aTunt*
2 W , 2433, 3759, t o t a l i n g 2,113 e c m e , p r e r i o u s l y d e ~ r l b m iand ~ u t l i m don
-
eb. a t t a c h d m p , comprising lands purchaeod by
th.
PedshiL G O ~ - a t
fmn
the Centraf P s m j l v a a i a W t m r C o w f .
W i d l c t t a n , occupancy end u u w i l l be ~ r e r by
d tha r e s p c t l t e
~ o t l a i o n ao f Regulation U-4,
the W u n l i n s t n t c t i o n a Chereunaar, and tne re-
p)tt accoaplngiag t h i e order.
(2) A. t h e T i o m e t a Seen10 mom the f o i l o r i ~described
in
a i l e g h u t p National ?o'ore8t, i n ordff t h a t m i d l a n d s s h a l l be dedicated to and
umd by the p i b l i c f o r i l u p i r a t i o n nad education.
A l l of Lote 392,
U1, U2, U 3 , 433, &nd ? a r t s of Lots 372, L73, 131,
393, a d U 4 , t o t d i n g 1,967 a c m e , p r r r i o u a l y aescribsd &nd o u t l i m d on %ha
attnchod l v r ~ c o r p r i a i n gl a n d . purchamod by tho I e d e r a l Gorsrnnrnf f r a r the
C e n t r a l Penaeylrania i.umb.r
Company.
N r i d i c t i o n , occupancy and uee riLL be gcrrerned by rho m a p e e t i r e
provieions of Regulation U-3,
the Lkrauai i ~ t r u c t i o n et h e m u o a r , a& t h e r c
port accorpanyin(~t h i s ore-.
s i g n s 6 t h i s 31 bry of J u l y , 1940.
C. I .&anger
--
,cting Chief, Paseat a;.rrlce
Socieiy a f iizt:~
Foresters Coaiqi t t e e on Naturi
\reas
NATURAL AREA NOMIF4ATION FORM
Instruction;:
Complete an-d forward t o Committee along with a sketch type map of the area
and a location map (highway map) indicating general locatiot~of proposed
area. Information on p a s t ob~nershipand managemeht, s c i e n t i f i c or educational
use, hydrologic features, rare plants or animals o r other pertinent f a c t s
should be included. Please type. Photos, if available, will be welcomed.
Name o f Proposed Natural Area:
Pennsyl vani
Locatiori: State: --
Tionesta
county:
Natural Area
Mckean
Total Area:
Kane, Pa.
Name
Nearest Town and Distance:
2,113
Acres
8
Mi 1es
Agency/O\~ner: USDA Forest Service
Admirlistrative Unit: Allegheny National Forest
Natl. Forest, Natl . Park, !:iildl i f e Refuge, S t a t e , gniv., e t c .
Address : P .O. Box 847 Warren, PA
16365
-
U-4 (36 C F R 251.23)
Perranence Affcrded How:
Laws, Regciation, i l l , Endownent, L e t ofTgrren;eft, e t c .
Priniary F o r e s t Type:
SAF:
SAF-23
Type Number
Hem1 ock
1644'
Type Area
Type Name
Dominant Trees: D . B . H .
Acres
Age
Hgt.
Other Important Types or \/egetation:
Dominant Trees:
SAF Type,
Number and Name: SAF 25
Name
SAF 60
Sugar map1 e- beech
3eH-€w+j"^"
Beech-sugar map1 e
SAF 28
Black cherry-sugar maple
-
'
Barren, Water, Buffer Zone, e t c :
none
Hgt. Age
D.B.H.
'4rea
- - -19
- - -400
.
- --50
Acres
Area and Nature
This together with the
Description of Vegetation and Other Distinguishing Characteristics:
-..
-
Tionesta Scenic Area, i s the largest t r a c t of virgin f o r e s t between North-Carolina &
-
- ..
Northern New York, I t contains many no. plant a n d animal species that are uncommon a t
this- latitude.
-.
steep
Elevation: '1,550 - 1,980
---- Feet Topography:
Range a n d Average
Level, Rolling, Steep, e t c .
Geology and Soils G-17, snale & sandstone
-.A 1 l u v i a l , 'Jolcanic, Moraine, Pods31 , Serpentine, Etc.
Briefly outline why t h i s t r a c t should be designed an SAF natural area:
In order that the public may enjoy the educational and inspirational qualities
inherent in unnolegted virgin forests without destroying the usefulness of the tract
for s c i 6 n t i f i c research, i t i s necessary that the area be given special designation
and that appropriate plans of management be instituted.
Submitted by:
~ ~ - 1 1 M. Burns
Mailing Address:
Forest Service
T i t l e : RNA Coordinator
USDA Forest Service
p.0. BOX 2417
Washington, D.C.
Datc:
20013
Approved :
Section Natural Area Chai rman or
Natural Area Liaison Officer
Approved for Listing in Register of SAF Natural Areas:
Chairman,
Committee on Natural Areas
Cornittee on Natural Areas, Society of American Foresters,
5400 Grosvenor Lane, Washington, D.C.
20074
Date
SIGNATURE
REPLY 1 >L i i i l S >.:iCL FCli RLPLY. 3 i G S A-\D D-iTE. RL.
i
'
\t-\iZ_)tA. HI.:!:tl-\
P.-IHTI
--
FORM AD-31 I(REV 5-68)
FORM 6200-8 (1/64)
6816 M a r k e t S t . ,
Memorandum
TO
:
FROM
:
--NEFES,
Upper Darby, Pa. 19082
D e p a r t m e n t of Agrfculture-Forest Service
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
Chief
Attn: C a r l E, Ostrom
F i l e No.
W. T. D o o l i t t l e , A s s t . D i r e c t o r
Date:
4060 (4100)
December 16, 1968
Timber and Watershed mnagement Research
SUBJECT:
Your reference:
I n your r e p o r t of t h e 1968 TMR General F u n c t i o n a l
I n s p e c t i o n , you suggested t h a t we o b t a i n a c r e a g e
e s t i m a t e s by SAF f o r e s t types f o r t h e Tionesta Natural
Area in t h e Allegheny National F o r e s t . We have now
l o c a t e d t h i s d a t a from t h e survey made by t h e ANF a t
t h e time of land a c q u i s i t i o n . A f t e r checking and
updating of t h e type names, we f e e l t h a t t h e following
information should be added t o b o t h t h e F o r e s t S e r v i c e
and t h e S o c i e t y of American F o r e s t e r s n a t u r a l a r e a
listings.
TIONESTA NATURAL AREA
I/
Type-
23
25
60
28
Acreage
Hemlock
Sugar maple-beech-yellow b i r c h
Beech-sugar maple
Black cherry-sugar maple
From SAF F o r e s t Cover Types of
North America, 1954,
1644
19
400
50
FORM 6200.8 (f l64f
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT
Memorandum
Department of Agriculture -Forest
TO
:
R. D. Lane, D i r e c t o r
File No.
FROM
:
T. J. G r i s e z , P r o j e c t L e a d e r
Date:
Research (Xatural Areas)
Your reference:
SUBJECT:
Service
Warren, P a , 16365
~ c L G
May 10, 1968
T h i s i s i n r e p l y t o H a r q u i s ' s t e l e p h o n e r e q u e s W o r i n f o r m a t i o n f o r C a r l Ostrom
on a r e a s by f o r e s t t y p e s i n t h e T i o n e s t a N a t u r a l A r e a .
A p p a r e n t l y no s u r v e y o f f o r e s t t y p e s was e v e r made i n t h e T i o n e s t a N a t u r a l and
S c e n i c A r e a . A c c o r d i n g t o a t i m b e r c r u i s e i n 1932, 75 p e r c e n t o f t h e sawtimber
I d o n ' t know w h e t h e r t h i s was t h e
volume was hemlock and 15 p e r c e n t was b e e c h .
e n t i r e t r a c t , t h e o l d g r o w t h t i m b e r i n i t , o r a l l t h e t h e n u n c u t o l d growth.
Anyhow, hemlock i s w e l l d i s t r i b u t e d t h r o u g h most o f t h e n a t u r a l a r e a , s o t h i s
i s p r o b a b l y why i t was a l l c l a s s i f i e d hemlock t y p e f o r t h e S.A.F. l i s t o f
natural areas,
I examined t h e a e r i a l p h o t o s and r o u g h l y d e l i n e a t e d t h e l a r g e r a r e a s where
hemlock i s a b s e n t , o r n e a r l y s o . T h e r e a r e f i v e a r e a s from 1 2 t o 55 a c r e s i n
size i n the natural area.
They t o t a l a b o u t 146 a c r e s .
The s c e n i c a r e a h a s some l a r g e a r e a s o f y o u n g e r s t a n d s t h a t a r e m o s t l y hardwoods,
~ h e s ehardwood t y p e s t o t a l a b o u t 930
a s w e l l a s some o l d - g r o w t h hardwoods.
acres.
These hardwood f o r e s t t y p e s may be a n y o f s e v e r a l d e f i n e d by t h e S o c i e t y o f
American F o r e s t e r s , i n c l u d i n g So. 2 5 , s u g a r maple-beech, y e l l o w b i r c h ; 2 7 ,
s u g a r m a p l e ; 2 8 , b l a c k c h e r r y - s u g a r m a p l e ; 2 9 , b l a c k c h e r r y ; o r 6 0 , beechFrom my r e c o l l e c t i o n , o f s e v e r a l s t a n d s I have b e e n i n , I would
s u g a r maple.
g u e s s t h a t t h e b l a c k c h e r r y - s u g a r maple t y p e e x c e e d s a n y o t h e r hardwood t y p e
i n a r e a , a t l e a s t i n t h e n a t u r a l a r e a . Numbers 27 and 29 would p r o b a b l y
a c c o u n t f o r most o f t h e r e m a i n d e r .
The t o t a l a r e a i s 4 , 1 3 1 a c r e s . Of t h i s , 2 , 0 1 8 a c r e s i s i n t h e s c e n i c a r e a ,
and 2113 i s i n t h e n a t u r a l a r e a .
cc:
Wm. Kickbusch
CTION
FTXJCII &,XI) XDYIL~ISWP
2'23 ff
&if3 T
:% TZO>EJTA SCFNIC
TIOjlJESTA UTwAL
;f-jl,W,UpE:E
Approved
Approved
I 1
L
ctor, M, L, Stat
supercedes the q e p o r t Rec
!miss
dfng the Estabfishrnent of the
Tianesta Natural Area and the Tionesta Scenic Area-
egheny Nat-ional Forestm
dated June 12, 19b signed by R. E. Evans, Regionel Forester and H a r c i y La
Shirley, Director, and approved by C. E
. Granger, Acting Chief on July 31, 19b
dealing with t h e administrstion and use of the Tionesta Natural. Brea and the
Ticmesta Scenic k e a ,
It becames effective upon approval by the Regional
Forester, Eastern Region and the Director of the Northeastern Station and
siwiltaneously with t h e Regionaf Forester's order modifying the scenic area
J
under the a t h r i t y delegated to him under Regalation 4-3. The modifging order
t o t h e scenic area
adds/approximately 9acres of virgin fcsrest land situated i n the northeaat
corner of l o t 391, dllegheny National Forest.
General Policy b e e t i o n
The Tionesta Natural h a Rnd the Tionesta Scerrfc k e a aa described on the
attached map has been s e t aside t o o s m e protection and wise use of t h e unique
values a t -
in these areas.
are hereby established.
P o l i d e s f o r conservative development and use
Their purpose i s t o safeguard the s c i e n t i f i c research,
educational, recreational and inspirational values of the areas f o r studioua
use and e n j q m n t of the natural enrironment by the public.
To accompuah
these purposes an entrance road i s provided t o the scenic are&
Provision
f o r shiple~facilltiea designed to minialze adverse ptlblic use impacts on the
c area and
to
d t b n a % w aarea m e p&.aposed+ It ia
further recognized t h a t activitiea w i t h i n either area may have an effect upon
the other.
To prevent adverse inpacts a general plan of development and use
of both areas and revisions of the plan wFZl be prepared a d approved i n
advance by t h e Mrectar of the N m t h a a s t e r n Station and Zhe Regional Forester.
responsible for ths
the nstwPl area.
Protection of the natural area from f i r e and from timber
trespass w i l l be provided by t h e Bllegheny National Forest.
T h e Regional
Forester w i l l be kept inf
Magemf3nt
of the Scenic Area
The Regional Forester i s responsible f o r the development d m h i s t r a t i o n and
protection of t h e scenic area.
Road, trail, and public use f a c i l i t i e s
including signs uill be designed t o enhance scenic values, permit public use
-- the extent practical.,
wfth ndnimm adverse impact on t h e scenic area, To
public use f a c i l i t i e s w i l l be located adjacent t o and outside of the
_-designated
_
-
area,
Y
The Northeastern Station may be c d l e d upon f o r technicdl advice
necessary and will be kept informed of developmental a c t i v i t i e s within the
scenic area.
Publicizing; and reporting on the Areas
Publications of a general public i n t e r e s t nature w i l l be the responsibilit~r
of the Regional Forester i n collabaration Kith t h e Director
Station.
t h e Northeastern
S c i e n t i i i c publications will be t h e responsibility of t h e Director
in collabaration with t h e Regional Forester,
Policy and M s t r a t i v e guidelines needed t o further dmelop, use, protect
and perpetug4-a them areas w i l l be j o i n t l y approved by the Regional Forester
and t h e Mreetor,
Te-cal
and Supporting Data
Technicat ard supporting date af the Scenic Area and the Natural h a are
included i n t h e appndix.
Dn November 23, 193h, the lu'ational Forest Zesenration
C m s s i o n approved the purchase of the surzace r i g h t s on a t r a c t
of land on the headwaters of Tionesta Creek from the Central Pennsyl-
vania Lumber Company.
The purchase was completed Jul3- 23, 1936, ana
an area of k,080 acres within the boundaries of the iLllegheny National
t
Forest h-as acquired (excluding 336 acres not now withir, the tract).
In consequence of t h e modified order there has since Seen an area of
51 acres added t o the tract.
This consists of virgin forest land
sit.uated i n the northeast corner of Lot 391.
The t o t a l area within
the boundaries or' the t r a c t i s now li,131 acres.
Original purchase of the t r a c t was advocated by the
P e n n s y l v a a Forestry Association ami approveci by t h e National Forest
Reservation Commission a f t e r thorough consideration of t h e s c i e n t i f i c
and a e s t h e t i c value of the Tionesta t r a c t and the need f o r p r e s e r v k g
the t r a c t ; the l a s t remainicg l a r g e area o f virgin f o r e s t i n the
Middle Atlantic region.
Location
T h i s virgin timber area i s located i n Sheffield ma ;iieb.ore
Townships, Warren and McKean Counties, Pennsylvania, within the
bouncbxies of the Allegheny National Forest as shown on the attached
map.
P o l i t i c a l subdivisions and the exact location o f each unit are
shown on the attached base map revised and redrafted from acquisition
surveys with the addition of drainage and culture.
Tributaries of t h e
South Branch of Tionesta Creek, a branch of the Allegheny River, drain
the tract.
tracf of k , 1 2 acres outlined on t h e base map includes
all
of
392,
I&Qts
u,u2,a3,u,
ii30,
portions of Lots 372, 373, 391, 393,
431, 1132
1133;
W5, 3759, 2b55 and 2L53.
a r e a o f 336 a c r e s in p a r t s of Lots 372,373,
an
393, which was c u t over
i n 1 9 3 , completes t h e t o t a l a r e a in t h e o r i g i n a l purchase.
However,
t h e l a t t e r acreage i s not included witbin t h e natural. and scenic area.
The t r a c t i s i n one contiguous block surrounded by government-omed
land with t h e exception of p r i v a t e l y owned land i n Lots 390 and
US, and
p a r t of Warrant 3759 on t h e east.
Physical Conditions
The t r a c t lies on the Allegheny p l a t e a u within t h e beech,
birch, maple, hemlock f o r e s t type a t elevations ranging fron 1,500
f e e t i n t h e stream v a l l e y s t o 1,980 f e e t above s e a l e v e l on the ridges
o r plateau.
The topographic xap shows it t o c o n s i s t of steep sided,
narrow lower stream valleys c u t into a p l a t e a u w i t h r e l a t i v e l y shallow
d i s s e c t i o n a t t h e heads o f drainages.
Forest Gescription and Timber Volumes
A cruise of t h e t r a c t a t the time of t h e initial a c q u i s i t i o n
i n 1932 i n d i c a t e d t h e following volume of merchantable hemluck aid
Specfes
Eastern Redock
3eech
Sugar Maple
Yellow and Sweet a i r c h
Black Cherry
Eiea i7Jiaple
%!kite Ash
Yellow Poplar, Basswood
Average Stand p e r
acre, B. F.
Total Stand*
N R., B. M.
Val-e estiarates a r e not a v a i l a b l e f o r t h e 51 a c r e t r a c t i n
Lot 391 Khicb is being added t o t h e n a t u r a l and s c e n i c area,
&en if
t h e s e e a t h a t e s were a v a i l a b l e it would not be s i g n i f i c a n t t o add up
t o d a t e c r u i s e estimates t o t h b e r estimates d a t i n g back t o 1 y p .
General knowledge of t h e a r e a i n d i c a t e s t h e r e has been a s i @ f i c a n t
l o s s i n old growth hemlock p a r t i c u l a r l y , whicn has not been repizced
by additions of second growth reaching merchmtable s i z e s ,
30 estirrates
of net l o s s e s due t o wind ana other m o r t a l i t y a r e available.
Q e s p i t e l o s s e s i n hemlcck, t h i s species remains the most
important, both i n number o f stems and volume, although r e l a t i v e percentages have c e r t a i n l y declined materially. s i n c e t h e time of t h e
initidl cruise,
Beech remains second i n importance and i s t h e chief
understory species, reproducing both by seedings and r o o t suckers to
hold i t s own w i t ? ! t h e longer l i v e d hemlock.
The i n b l e r a n t black cherry,
yellow poplar, basswood and white ash owe t h e i r presence c h i e f l y t o l o c a l
catastrophes such as uindthirow, i n s e c t s , drought, etc.,
which have ope-
up t h e dominant hemlock-beech canopy i n t h e p a s t and allowed reproduction
of these rapid-growing species t o becane dominant.
While t h e r e a r e no recent burns and no barren, brush, grass o r
c u l t i v a t e d areas on t h e t r a c t , it i s worthy of note t h a t a severe wid-
t h ~ followed
,
by f i r e , occurred about 1675 on t h e ridge bet&-een
Cherry Run and the heads of 3ock riun and t h e west branch o f for^ Sun.
About
375 a c r e s have reproauced t o
a stand of merchantable second growth
hardwood, c h i e f l y red maple, black cherry, yellow birch, sugar maple
and beech, w i t h occasional s c a r r e d veterans which survived t h e wind and
f i r e buC have now p r a c t i c a l l y aisappeared from t h e stand,
ly 3700 a c r e s of the t r a c t i s f o r e s t e d with
virgin timber.
Studies by t h e W e & e n y r'orest
meriment S t a t i o n show t h a t hemlock on well watered stream bottom
s i t e s i s represented i n
age ,--asses fmm a feu t r e e s over
years of age t o young reproduction a year o r two old.
500
Xature henlock
contain five o r six 16 f o o t l o g s of vnich one o r two a r e s u r f a c e clear;
according to t h e a c q u i s i t i o n examination the average l o g run i s six
16 f o o t l o g s p e r thousana boam i s e t .
i'he s u g a r maple a a black ccerry
a r e of f o r e s t grown form and s o are of. excellent q u d l i t y , while the
beech and o t h e r species are o':
A i r qmiLity.
.Any d e s c r i p t i o n o f 5ne w d s t i n g stand i s not complete without
reference t o t h e marked inpact *ich
a deer herd out o f balance u i t h
t h e fooa supply i s having on t h i s area.
Over most of t h e t r a c t , hemlock
i n seedling and s a p l i n g s i z e s i s r.ct adequately represented t o rriain~ain
t h e composition which i s now found in t h e overstory.
The e f f e c t o f the
deer browsing w i l l i n e v i t a b l y show i t s e l f in t h e composition of Lke
f u t u r e stand i n t h e t r a c t .
5ertaird.j- it was well t h a t at t h e t i n e of
establishment the t r a c t gas not closed t o huntinz.
Had this occurred,
t h e above described s i t u a t i o n v o d d have been far more serious even
than it is today.
..
Present Occupancy, ..esiaence and m r o v e m e n t s
i
There are no pemment resiaences on &he t r a c t .
i.ne f e u
buildings shown on t h e map are o l d s u p s h a n t i e s which a r e racidly
f a l l i n g into d i s u s e with a r e a u c t i o n i n the o i l p o t e n t i a l of the sub-
surface.
The t r a c t i s not acaptec t o settlement f o r any purpose.
However, p r o b a b l r of more serious concern is t h e continued use ..-rich i s
a r e a in comecticn with the exercise of the subsurface
authority t o do so, l e a s e holders a r e t r a v e l l i n g i n t o
and out of both the natural and scenic areas i n motor vehicles as a
comon practice,
I n the face o i these a c t i ~ t i e s ,it i s d i f f i c u l t to
maintain t h e f i c t i o n of n o a 4 s t w b a n c e and also t o prevent s b i i l a r use
by others who t r a v e l the r u t t e d roads in jeeps and other vehicles f o r
purposes of hunting o r other recreation.
Present Transportation Facilities
The general l o c a l i t y of the t r a c t may be reached by automobile
over Forest SerTdce Truck T r a i l No, 33 extending southward from the town
of L ~ o and
w thence t o the west through t h e small cornunity of JoJo t o
Kane,
T h i s road i s being reconstructed and graveled t o acceptable
standards i n 1957.
The t r a c t i t s e l f may be readily reached by a foot
trail from the loop road which extends from Truck Trail No. 33,
Fire Control Situation
I n the present stage of use and the condition of the timber type
excessive fire hazards and risks do not presently exist.
However, with
continuing increase i n use which is anticipated f o r t h e area, a z t e n t i m
t o f i r e prevention and increaseci fire suppression a c t i v i t i e s w i l l be
needed,
The tract i s within a s h o r t distance of t h e Sheffield F i r e
'Power ePd i s for the most p a r t within the seen a r e a from t h a t tower.
thr puroha8* of tb mrhw ri-8
at
am a -41
laad on the headwater8 a t '2icam.C. Or*& iror th. C a f r a l
rylmaia
u
andP;h.ararRf
I
ef
US
eret tiff)
by th*
trraa*,
iktica, a
. approrrl by tb B.fi-1
8'un.t
Xae.rrrtior
C
d
r
aim after t h o m ~ @acauidurrtiaa
~
& fbm f . ~ t i f i . MIL aerthrtie
n--
f- pt.-
it, CM l u h
Wga uu a t rlrgin f o n d i
.tk d W a AUmd&a ngim.
artl)$tj 6mmhtlderCf011 .
Ioppo~%ag
opfrrfsar, 4Bmb
91111*
the high.r+ @lie
,"r
tb. p b l i o
r r am-
tb. ethim*iorrl
raa
laqdmb-
UMmm fn slq farw@war,
e - t d n rweaaWun& pee-
a 4 A i u w hr pPbu. d.rrlepme.
M. vr f a p w b a x u ~ .
g.
g+
Sabra*
1936. Ims ; s u u
mtu PIIIUIIJ1-8
WW7,
k
a
53,
'
p r o p a fn
D...da 3X.
&
r/
Fwrrrf S t a t .
of Farr8t. tdt
Z9j6-
f -
ret
hm
I
af laqgu ra&llr
dwr
-
g i m no oaaatdm
*
.,
t;h. ole-
rawwa.2 ~f all
far-
ppbZiotr Ltikemat right t e
aJeji*.
& . s w n af thm k#iuw ud th.
'Ifm at' a;bB
I-
&ma
mw*iaiu rtn
mil*
.ts&,
rw tc,
oearri
full&
prcr0f;ioable scfurtfflo
Iri%hib. prs6up~lc1tiam.
a
atm.
&f.ar;bf
*,irr..p.otlr,
~
w
trash,
lAt1
t&
61
m-4
.ri.tiag
oi t h i a
sw#
VP+-
af
Riu b. ew-
rush rs88t.ia.tiium ar, tha
k ~ f s g u u dLhr
garllia bzmf%,tfmar trh. r u u l t r .
88
-f,a
of t h e i r aflflir*fanr,
omwaged b t a n the mu, d j w t
m
M
x
t
n
dclCLaib
W~&U+Sk
rro&w
rrnd
ww
T ' b prr.purrr aP mil d..rrlrrp+a
a l e eU6
huh adja~cnrbBo
oil a d g u lh., r h r t f b. p
k b
t
~ o p a r ~ o i e i r . 8 d y & ~ z
.
mr* th. elarsd r i g h t w i - m q crf tb. p i p . line8
~ M W &la
u
Zkrau* S t u d of Ifdacrk
Fork &me I a t d Arsr
ia,
CHECK SHEET (Mark VII) FOR SURVEY OF IBP AREAS*
To be ccmplcted with reference to the GUIDE TO
THE CHECK SHEET
I
........................... ( b ) from records ...........................
's
5 1/4/67
......................................................................................
3
Check Sheet completed ( a ) on site
4.
Date Check Sheet completed
2.
Name of ISP Subdivision (or serial letter)
3.
Map of IBP Area*
--
-*
.....................................................................
showing boundaries attached? Yes ...!..... No .........
/
1, I. zpy
.
*
Sketch map of
Iicable.
IBP Area*.
Please mark direction of north, th. scale artd grid nuinbers where
For " IBP Area ", read lBP Arca a n d / ~ rIBP Subdivision.
I
I
For Data
Centre Use
only
,
I.
2,
I
~ t t r37
................
Latitude ...*.........,.*
N
[ " s ,..b,.
Country .....................
..........................
-5- 7
................
")$5'.
...............
.......................- .........................................
!7t',[.IS yh0414;a
E f C I q f t q
State o r Province ........................................... Counq .............................................
.t
4
(State or Province .........,..., ...................... . . County .............................................1
* S f / -.? , , , ! - f
J4e
Longitude
e7
I
\
1 .
p<*
C?,&b\
r,':L$w-+p
'
'4.
1-7
r-k'f
~ 8 . f Q
i
Administration
,/',,'A, -/[[f y e
/,F - E
................................................................................................
,~,/~,.f/,<~5{~,-,, r ~ / . - p ~ f
.:fc/;r.
administration .........................................................
................................
L*C
National 1. Official category
2.
Address of
/
~
y
i
~
~
~
~
;
~
~
.#
& ' * .5* /?.,/q.
c-si
>
;cc
.............................................................................................
/ 6
/L/ y r
L sfirfc-f
.............................................................................................
c ' I../..:.*
n, ,..: ...................................................
PC<
............
....................
r-
/ - r r
. I V L
3 9 '))
/
International Class
3.
Rejected from
U.N. List -
Included in
U.N. List
Area with formal
conservation status
(B)
(A)
.
Noformai
cons. status
1
(C)
(Dl
8
'
Characteristics of IBP Area*
2. 1 ! , 3 r i C / ' F S
.....................................................................
,
t
; 55.4 -e- -Trek , f ? ~ >
Maximum ...............:.........................................
.
~t-rf
Minimum .........................................................
1.
Surface area (state units of measurement)
2.
Altitude (state units of measurement)
1
Gt
Nearest climatological station :
/-'Q,
..........................................................................
.'....,......................................
L
2. Climatologicat station on IBP Area*? Yes ......... N o .........
6. r . ,
3. If (2) not; distance from edge of IBP Area* (state units) ...................................................
p
4. . Direction from
. IBP Area* .....................................
.
. E
5.. Additional data sheet attached? Yes ......... N o ..."......
-/(
iT,!rq
, /I"/ * ( , C / ; l . i , 7 f f - c f l f - f l t ~ j h L - ~
C
1.
KnLItz
Name
'
I / F I
LC
fll
/'
[f
P
J ,f
!-';.
. I ,
5 , y l ~ ? d.
I
(
cc -
0 PI
-
/ or
t
i
/ h i &
i - * * .I
,
L-
i i ( F ,*
t-
9
*-,;
L!;.',
<Jfl
c
-
*
~
For D&%
Cenm Use
only
Centre U y
only
Other notes
1.
General Landscape (give, brief description)
2,
Relief Type
Flat
.......................
,
Undulating
(0)-200m.
,
Hilly
200-1000m.
Mountainous
> 1000 m.
%
Sharply dissected
Gent1y dissected
Incised
Sketetonised
3.
Special landscape features (list)
....................................................................................
\
/L~C?J~C
Coastline of IBP Area*
1.
Protected bays and/or inlets
2.
Substratum. % of coast
Rock
Boulder
Beach
3.
Pttysiography. % of coast
4.
Special Coastal Features (list)
Few
Many
Shingle
Beach
Sand
Beach
Shell
Beach
Cliffed
None
Mud
Coral
Sloping
Ice
Flat
.......................................................................................
..........r...............r..*.......,........*..................*.*.....*..................*.......*.....*..........~........**..
5.
Tide.
6.
Total length of coastiine :
Maximum range (state units of measurement)
Less than 1 km.
1-10 km.
......................................................
Above 10 km.
Freshwater within IBP Area*
1
Permanent
I
Intermittent
'
Generat
Standing
Running
2.
I
I
/'?
Q
t-l
I
7
I L L C!
1
r~y
Standing Water
Permanent
Intermittent
Unproductive
Productive
I
-
Swamps
Ponds
Lakes
3.
Running Water
Permanent
Intermittent
Springs, cold
Springs, hot
Streams
,
Rivers
fljp n c ..............
........:...................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
4.
Special freshwater features
n/' r
Salt and Brackish Water within IBP Area*
Satt takes
Lagoon
Estuaries
Salt pools
Adjacent Water Bodies (not within IBP Area*)
1.
Fresh
2,
Lake
1.1
E.
f/r n
River
e
Stream
U
Salt and Brackish
r
Salt lake
Estuary
I
Salt pool
Lagoon
Ocean
f
Pisces
lnsecta
. Lichens and Algae
t
Selective flora dis
Removal of predators
Pesticides
lntroductions
Introductions
-
plants
-animals
Far big!
Centre U t g
only
Conservation Status
1.
List major biological/geographical references for the IBP Area.
Sheet attached? Yes
2.
List main maps available for the
List attached? Yes
3.
L.
............
............
Aerial photographs for the
No
.
............
IBP Area.
No
L
............
IBP Area available?
,
For whole area
t
.....................
For part o f area
.....................
Signed
,
None
,
.....................
..........
**
3
TIONESTA NATURAL AND S'CENiC AREAS
ALLEGHENY NATIONAL FOREST
PENNSYLVANIA
1940
SCALE
0
1-1
vz
.
v4
1MtLE
-
Lot Line
Proposed Entrance Road
- Finished Road
-Government Owned Land
Boundary of Natural and Scenic Areos ===== Oil Lease or
Old Windthrow
Logging Roads
Transmission Line
j Young Growth
Pipe Line
Virgin Timber (within boundoryl
Abandoned Logging R.R.
------*-
[ E
'/4
-
-
"
+
+
-
'A
ON THE TIONESTA SCENIC AM) NA'L,,$L
S
Ifough, A* P.
1933. V r r g i n f o r e s t i n Pennsylvania y i e l d s r e s e a r c h . r e s u l t s .
F o r e s t Worker 9(2):11.
Cope, Theodora M., and Hawkins, A r t h u r S ,
1934. - A p r e l i m i n a r y s u r v e y of t h e f l o r a and fauna of t h e
E a s t T i o n e s t a v i r g i n £ o r e s 5 Pennsylvania
(pa.) F o r e s t Leaves 2 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 2 3 - 2 7 .
Cope, Theodora Morris
1936. Observations on t h e v e r t e b r a t e ecology of some
Pennsylvania v i r g i n f o r e s t s . T h e s i s f o r Ph.D. a t
C o r n e l l Univ., I t h a c a , N.Y.
Wo*lgh, A. F.
1936. The dying of hemlock and o t h e r s p e c i e s on t h e Allegheny
National F o r e s t . U. S. F o r e s t Serv. Allegheny F o r e s t
Exp. S t a . Tech. Note 9, 2pp.
Hough, A. F.
1936. A climax f o r e s t community on E a s t T i o n e s t a Creek i n
n o r t h w e s t e r n Pennsylvania. Ecology 1 7 9 - 2 8 .
,
Hsugh, A. F.
1936. Height growth of hemlock and hardwood s e e d l i n g s i n a
v i r g i n s t a n d on E a s t T i o n e s t a Creek. U. S. F o r e s t
Serv. Allegheny F o r e s t Exp. S t a . Tech. Note 12, 2 pp.
Hough, A. F.
1940. T i o n e s t a - F o r e s t f o r m a l l y s e t a s i d e .
Am. F o r e s t s 46:565.
Hough, A . F.
1941. N a t u r a l a r e a e s t a b l i s h e d i n n o r t h w e s t e r n Pennsylvania
Ecology 22 :85-86.
v i r g i n forest
.
Hough, A. F.
1942. S o i l s i n a v i r g i n hemlock-beech f o r e s t on t h e n o r t h e r n
Allegheny P l a t e a u . S o i l Science 54:335-341.
Hough, A . F.
1943. S o i l f a c t o r s and s t a n d h i s t o r y i n a v i r g i n f o r e s t v a l l e y
on t h e n o r t h e r n Allegheny P l a t e a u . S o i l S c i , 56:19-28.
Hough, A. P., and Forbes, R. D.
1943. The ecology and s i l v f c s of f o r e s t s i n t h e h i g h p l a t e a u s
of Pennsylvania. E c o l o g i c a l Monographs 13:299-320.
,
Meyer, H, Arthur
1943, The structure and g r m t h of virgin beech-birch-maple-hemlock
forests in northern Pennsylvania, J, Agric, Res, 67:
465-484, illus.
,
U,S,D,A.,
Forest Service
1956, - T h e Tionesta Natural and Scenic Areas in the Allegheny
National Forest. U.S.D,A. Forest Serv,, 22 pp,
Rough, Ashbel F.
1965, A twenty-year record of understory vegetation change in
a virgin Pennsylvania forest, Ecology 46:370-373,
16.
S i g n i f i c a n t Human Impact
"Other s o i l d i s t u r b a n c e f e - - T h i s i n c l u d e s road b u i l d i n g and site'
c l e a r i n g f o r o i l d r i l l i n g and e x t r a c t i o n ,
"Hunting" o c c u r s b u t h a s a p o s i t i v e impact.
not f u l l y , o f f s e t "predator control".
I t h e l p s , b u t does
8 ' ~ di rii l l i n g n - - T h e beginning d a t e i s unknown, b u t t h e a c t i v i t y
i n c r e a s e d about f o u r y e a r s a g o ,
"Gas p i p e l i n e f f - - A p i p e l i n e , b u i l t a b o u t 1910 and widened i n 1947,
c r o s s e s t h e a r e a . Replacement o r enlargement of t h e l i n e i s always
a threat,
"Recreation and tourismu--There i s some r e c r e a t i o n a l t r a v e l by
four-wheel d r i v e v e h i c l e s and motor b i k e s , b u t t h i s i s a r e s u l t
of o i l e x t r a c t i o n roads and p i p e l i n e s . More e f f o r t i s being made
.to stop i t ,
I
NATURAL AREA INFOIPbfiTION FORM
1.
t3
of Natural A r e a
Tionesta Natural A r e a
r:
U. S. F o r e s t Service
2. Administering Agency
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-
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3,
Supervising Field Unit
Allegheny National F o r e s t
4.
State and County
Pennsylvania, McKean County
5, Latitude and Longitude
\&is
information will not be
6. Primary type on a r e a s
to the general public)
SAF-23, 2,113 A c r e s
r
7.
Other important types r e p r e s e n t e d on area:
C
re. Geologic
-
-
t+?+..
L' .,;
Lomp'ex of shale and sandstone, s t r a t a of
Mis s i s sippi and Pennsylvania age s; non-glacial;
A-
-
L
7d.
Aquatic
:L/2-I
,'
8.
Acreage
9.
Elevationand Topography
%
a;.r
10. . F&
+
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.dh
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T,
>e.,Z?i.,
;
,(,+ut.,.-t!L*
.
p'{
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2,113 A c ~ e s
Max. 1,980';
Min. 1,550';
-
Steep sided,
-
lower s t r e a m valleys cut into plateau with shallow
diss-ection at the h e a d s of drainage and broad flat rid,c r e s .
infarmatxon contact:
Director
NE FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION
*
narrow
This f o r m should be f i l l e d out i;; accordance with the instructions on the
accompanying inforilration sheet.