Different Floor Finishes

Transcription

Submitted to and Edited by:
Prof. Arch’t. Sylvester Seño
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Villaverde, Danica G. & Zamora, Era Jade S.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY-1/ 10:00-11:00AM
Types of Floor Finishes:
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Ceramic Tiles
Linoleum
Vinyl
Plain Polished Flooring
Stamped Concrete
Carpet
HDF (highdensity fiber board)
Rubberized
Marble
T&G Flooring
Glass
Natural Stones
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CERAMIC TILES
 A ceramic tiles is an inorganic, nonmetallic solid prepared by the
action of heat and subsequent cooling.
 Ceramic tiles are made from clay which is mined form the ground.
Usage
 Ceramic tile has long been considered to be a multi-purpose tile
and can be used in several areas.
• Floors
• Walls (interior and exterior)
• Countertops and backsplashes
• Patios
• Fireplaces
• Walkways
• Exterior house trims
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Some ceramic tile is usable outdoors, others
are for use as indoor tile only.
Ceramic tile is also obtainable in various
surface finishes that includes: smooth,
textured, glazed, unglazed, polished and
unpolished surfaces etc.
Size
Available sizing of the floor ceramic tile ranges
from:
• 6”x6” to as large as 24” x 24”
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LINOLEUM
 is a floor covering made from renewable materials
such as solidified linseed oil (linoxyn), pine rosin,
ground cork dust, wood flour, and mineral fillers such
as calcium carbonate, most commonly on
a burlap or canvas backing; pigments are often
added to the materials.
Types
 distinguished by type (plain or inlaid)and gauge
(battleship or A-E gauge)
 A-E gauges of linoleum were
 thinner than the battleship gauges;
Thickness
 battleship gauges were the thickest type,
ranging from light battleship (0.142" thick) to very
heavy battleship (0.25" thick);
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Usage
 Typical historical uses for linoleum include:
• residential flooring: for kitchens, hallways and
bathrooms
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institutional flooring: in schools, showrooms
• originally installed over a wood subflooring. Later, a
layer of felt was sandwiched in between
• heavier battleship linoleum was common in offices,
stores, hospitals, banks, lodge rooms, elevators and
battleship decks
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• thinner battleship linoleum was common in light traffic
areas and where cost was a factor
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'A' gauge plain linoleum was common in apartments
or offices with moderate traffic levels
• 'B, C, and D' gauges were common in residential
applications
• 'E' gauge linoleum was common in the automobile
industry
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Sizes
 Available sizes:
• 2mm Thick, Tile Size 33cm x 33cm
• 2.5mm Thick, Tile Size 33cm x 33cm
• 2.5mm Thick, Tile Size 50cm x 50cm
• 2 Meter-wide Sheet Linoleum
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VINYL (comes in both SHEET
and TILE forms)
 Vinyl flooring is a new type of resilient flooring
in the market. This is made from plastic,
like that of the PVC (poly-vinyl chloride)
Vinyl tiles are composed of colored vinyl
chips formed into solid sheets of varying
thicknesses (1/8” is most common) by
heat and pressure and cut into
12” squares.
VINYL is thicker than the counterpart
LINOLEUM (which also costs less).
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Usage
 Used in:
• Residential
Thickness
2mm total thickness
0.2mm wear layer
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Light commercial with
moderate foot traffic
(e.g. Hotel rooms, Conference rooms
& Small offices)
2mm total thickness
0.3mm wear layer
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2.5mm total thickness
0.55mm wear layer (No bevel)
Commercial areas
with heavy traffic
(e.g. Retail outlets, Boutiques,
Open plan offices , Care homes,
Healthcare establishments,
Schools & Colleges)
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Usage
Thickness
• Commercial areas intensively
used with very heavy traffic
(Department stores, Retail outlets,
heavily used Multipurpose halls
and Airports)
• Light Industrial areas
with heavy traffic
(Production halls & Storage rooms)
0.7mm wear layer
(With bevel)
0.7mm wear layer
(With bevel)
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PLAIN POLISHED CONCRETE
FLOORING
 Polished concrete floors are energy
efficient, hard surface, anti-slip, low
maintenance and can be kept dust
free. This is the simplest, yet a
decent type of flooring.
Usage
 Used in:
• retail, warehouse and office
facilities
 Used by:
• homeowners who are
now seeking smooth, highluster floors that can replicate
the look of polished stone
A worker using a concrete
grinder to polish the floor
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STAMPED CONCRETE
 is concrete that is patterned and/or textured or embossed
to resemble (look like, “faux finish/false finish)
brick, slate, flagstone, stone, tile, wood, and various
other patterns and textures. These comes in panels.
Usage
Sizes
Available :
3’’x3’’
6’’x6’’
12’’x12’’
18’’x18’’
24’’x24’’
 Commonly used for:
• patios,
• sidewalks,
• driveways, garages,
• pool decks,
• and interior flooring
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CARPET
 is a textile floor
covering consisting of an
upper layer of "pile" attached
to a backing.
Usage
 Commonly used at homes in
bedrooms and living rooms.
 Also used in commercial
structures like hotels, schools,
etc.
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Sizes
• Small- no bigger than 2 sq m (21 sq ft),
• Medium-from 3.5 sq m (38 sq ft) to 5 sq m (54 sq ft)
• Large-from 5 sq m to 8 sq m (54 sq ft to 86 sq ft).
DISADVANTANGES OF USING CARPET:
- It accumulates dust, causing deterioration of indoor air
quality inside especially air-conditioned rooms and spaces,
which poses a health risk.
- Needs to be cleaned regularly to avoid buildup of molds,
fungi and bacteria.
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HDF (highdensity fiber board)
HDF is a lot stronger than the MDF (medium-density fiberboard)
 Hardboard, also called highdensity fiberboard (HDF), not to
be confused with 'hardwood‘. HDF
floor planks are joined thru T&G
connections.
 is a type of fiberboard, which is
an engineered wood product.
• Size: 1220X2440 mm
• Thickness: 2 - 4.75mm ,
2.5-30 mm
• Usage: Flooring, other highperformance usages, etc.
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HDF versus MDF
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Also referred to as hardboard, a high-density fiberboard for flooring (HDF) is a type
of engineered wood product. It is made from wood fiber extracted from chips
and pulped wood waste. High-density fiberboard for flooring is similar but much
harder and denser than particle board or medium density fiberboard for flooring
(MDF). It has a density greater than 50 pounds per cubic foot or 800 kg per cubic
meter. This makes for a perfect stabilizing material for laminate floors and
engineered hardwood flooring. MDFs are used for furniture, walls and other
applications which have lower strength performance requirements.
Like other types of fiberboard for flooring, a high density fiberboard for flooring
cannot be used outside because it absorbs water. A tempered form of hardboard is
made by adding oil that becomes a polymer when the board is formed under high
temperature and pressure. This gives it resistance against moisture, hardness, and
strength. This tempered hardboard can be used in construction siding.
Building Technology 1
Vicente, Mary Grace
Victorino Marifer
M.W.F. 8:00-9:00
RUBBERIZED FLOORING (comes in
either ROLLS/SHEETS and TILE forms)
Usage
 applications both in
• commercial and
• residential including:
 public transit, public circulatory
routes (non-slip, and guide
path for the blind, disabled),
 sports and fitness centers,
playgrounds
 and stair treads.
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Sizes
 rubber tiles come standard
in 12”X12”, 18”X”18”, and
36”X36” squares.
 Rubber Sheet Rolls are 4ft.
or more in width, and can be
20 to 30ft. in length,
allowing you to completely
cover most rooms with just
one or two rolls.
Rubber sheet rolls
Interlocking rubber tiles
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MARBLE FLOORING (a type of NATURAL
STONE stone flooring)
 This is a metamorphic rock
made from the joining of calcite
[limestone] rock at high
temperatures and pressure.
Usage
 Marble tiles can be used for
Sizes
• flooring, (living room)
 available in slab sizes of 1.2meters
by 2.4 meters.
• countertops,
 Tiles size:
• backsplashes,
 12’’x12’’
• on walls, fireplaces,
 18’’x18’’
• and even on your home's  Etc.
exterior.
 Different Floor Finishes
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WOODEN T&G FLOORING
 Tongue and groove or T&G is a method of fitting similar
objects together, edge to edge, used mainly with wood:
flooring, parquetry, panelling, and similar constructions.
Usage
 Commonly used in residential
structures, more often
in patios, etc.
Sizes
Are commonly:
• 2250mm x 1200mm
• 2400mm x 1200mm
• 2700mm x 1200mm
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GLASS FLOORING (usually employs
TOUGHENED/TEMPERED GLASS type for load-bearing
floors)
 Glass as a flooring material is used in both
residential and commecial structures.
Special hollow glass blocks known as
glass pavers are often used in
combination with a metal frame.
Usages:
Often used in:
• Residential
(stairs, floor)
• Commercial structures
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Sizes
• 2-Edge Support (residential):
• Spans up to 1.2 metres = 2 x 12mm toughened
and laminated.
and laminated.
and laminated.
and laminated.
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NATURAL STONES
Usage
For residential
• is the perfect, permanent solution for covering
basement, garage, and patio concrete floors
even in flood-prone areas.
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BASIC TYPES OF NATURAL STONES
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There are three basic types of rock from which we carve out stone floors:
• Sedimentary
• Igneous
• Metamorphic
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Travertine and limestone are examples of sedimentary stone. Granite is an
example of igneous stone. Slate and marble are examples of metamorphic
stone.
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Stone flooring has long been considered the flooring material of choice for the
privileged and elite. Think castles and palaces. But that is no longer the case.
Advances in technology have helped make the labor-intensive process much
more affordable and that savings has been passed on to modern day
consumers.
Building Technology 1
Vicente, Mary Grace
Victorino Marifer
M.W.F. 8:00-9:00
Types
 Limestone
• Recognized for its great strength as it does not blister
upon exposing it to water
• Well suited for flooring and paving purposes
• Also be used in any weather, as extreme degree of
temperature, cold or hot, hardly affects the color and
texture of limestone
• Generally used as limestone tiles, limestone blocks,
limestone slabs, limestone chips in flooring, wall
cladding, countertops, fireplace mantels and for
pavement of floors of large commercial complexes,
hospitals, airports, shopping malls, railway stations,
parks etc.
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• Standard Sizes of Limestone:
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30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches)
60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches)
60 x 60 cm (24 x 24 inches)
90 x 30 cm (36 x 12 inches)
90 x 60 cm (36 x 24 inches)
Finishes:Natural, Calibrated, Honed, Polished, Bush Hammered & Flamed
Forms:Tiles, Slabs, Cobbles
Standard Thickness:
10 mm - 20 mm
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Sandstone
• The entire range is acknowledged for perfect
finish, high tensile strength, breakage
resistance and durability thereby widely used
for all types of interior & exterior applications
depending upon the imagination of an
architect.
• Further, it is available in different sizes and
finishes like natural, calibrated, honed,
polished and flamed.
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Specifications:
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Standard Sizes of Sandstone:
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30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches)
60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches)
60 x 60 cm (24 x 24 inches)
90 x 30 cm (36 x 12 inches)
90 x 60 cm (36 x 24 inches)
Finishes:Natural, Honed, Calibrated, Sawn, Sandblast
Forms:Tiles, Slabs, Blocks
Standard Thickness:10- 20mm
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Quartzite stone
• This fireproof and non-slippery stone is widely
used in wall-cladding, roofing, flooring and for
all types of interior as well as exterior
decorations.
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• Standard Sizes of Quartzite:
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30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches)
60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches)
Finishes:Honed, Natural Cleft, Polished, Calibrated, Any
cut to size
Forms:Tiles
Standard Thickness:10 mm - 15 mm
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Slate stone (thin stone
flakes, colored gray to dark
gray variants)
• Suitable for exterior and
interior applications such as
wall-cladding, roofing,
flooring, hearths, fireplaces,
kitchen, landscaping,
driveways, pools, etc
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• Standard Sizes:
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30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches)
60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches)
60 x 60 cm (24 x 24 inches)
Finishes:Natural, Calibrated, Honed, Polished
Forms:Tiles, Slab
Standard Thickness:10 mm - 15 mm
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 Granite stone (usually used for
countertop tables, high-end
floorings and walls)
• Dimension depends on various
interior & exterior applications.
 Cobblestone (usually used for old
roads)
• cobblestone is used basically to
make pathways, pavements and for
landscaping, cobbles stone are
fireproof, need little maintenance
and no paint.
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Standard Sizes:
10x10x8 cm/4x4x3 in
14x14x6 cm/5x5x2 in
14x14x8 cm/5x5x3 in
14x20x8 cm/5x8x3 in
20x10x8 cm/8x4x3 in
Finishes:All sides natural (Hand dressed). Top surface can be honed,
Flamed
Forms:Sandstone cobbles, Limestone cobbles, Granite cobbles
Standard Thickness:6- 8cm/2-3Inch
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Pebbles stones (an aggregate)
• are used as decorative
landscaping stones in homes,
artificial ponds, fountains,
posh lounges, open air
theaters, aquaria, parks, out
houses and gardens.
• Example of floor finish
specifications: Pebble
wash-out flooring.
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• Specifications:
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Standard Sizes:
15mm- 30mm
25mm- 50mm
50mm-100mm
Finishes: Dry tumbled pebbles, wet tumbled pebbles, natural river
pebbles. The finished surface varies as dry tumbling provides the
pebbles a polished and smooth finish in comparison to the wet
tumbled stones
Forms: Round, Flat, Oval
Standard Thickness:15mm- 4inch diameter
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Different Floor Finishes

Transcription

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