Embassy, Emigrants, and Englishmen

Transcription

Embassy, Emigrants, and Englishmen
The Three-Hundred-Year History
of a Russian Orthodox
Church in London
Christopher Birchall
Holy Trinity Publications
The Printshop of St Job of Pochaev
Holy Trinity Monastery
Jordanville, New York
2014
HTP-BIRCHALL-12-1201-FM.indd 3
8/19/2014 3:10:39 PM
Printed with the blessing of His Eminence,
Metropolitan Hilarion, First Hierarch
of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia
Embassy, Emigrants, and Englishmen: The Three-Hundred-Year
History of a Russian Orthodox Church in London
© 2014 Christopher Birchall
Holy Trinity Publications
The Printshop of St Job of Pochaev
Holy Trinity Monastery
Jordanville, New York 13361-0036
www.holytrinitypublications.com
ISBN: 978-0-88465-381-3 (Hardback)
ISBN: 978-0-88465-336-3 (Paperback)
ISBN: 978-0-88465-382-0 (ePub)
ISBN: 978-0-88465-383-7 (Kindle)
Library of Congress Control Number 2014942139
Cover Art and Design: James Bozeman
Engraving: The Russian Embassy Chapel
in Welbeck Street: Illustrated London News, April 1865.
(Source: Holy Trinity Monastery Archive)
Scripture passages taken from the New King James Version.
Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission.
All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
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Contents
Forewordix
Mapsxi
Introductionxiii
1.
1713–1725: The Delegation from Alexandria
The Archives Metropolitan Arsenius and the Non-Jurors
Russian Support for the Church in London
1
1
3
7
2. 1725–1780: The Beginning of Orthodox Church Life in London
The Graeco-Russian Church at York Buildings
First Russian Clergy: Father Stephen Ivanovsky and the
Move to Clifford Street
The Ludwell and Paradise Families
Archpriest Andrew Samborsky
14
18
23
3. 1780–1840: Archpriest James Smirnove
A Priest and a Diplomat
The Russian Church Community in London
The Earl of Guilford: An Extraordinary Convert
Woronzow, Paradise, Father Smirnove, and the Crisis of 1791
The “Priest of Many Parts”
The New Church at Welbeck Street
Blindness and Death of Father James Smirnove
27
27
31
34
38
44
48
51
4.
55
55
69
81
86
1842–1875: Father Eugene Popoff, Pastor of the Embassy Church
The Priest and People of the Embassy Church
The Crimean War Prisoners
Rebuilding the Church at Welbeck Street
The New Chapel of the Russian Embassy
11
11
v
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Contents
5.1842–1875: Father Eugene Popoff, Pastor to English-Speaking
Converts91
The Anglican Movement Toward Orthodoxy
91
Stephen Hatherly and the Missionary Plans of Counts Alexander
and Dimitry Tolstoy
113
Dr Joseph Overbeck and Plans for Western Rite Orthodoxy
135
Death of Father Eugene Popoff: Father Basil Popoff as Rector
143
6. 1877–1919: Archpriest Eugene Smirnoff The Embassy Church and Its People
Contact with Orthodox in Other Countries
Assistance to Orthodox Missions in the Americas,
India, and Spain
Contact with Anglicans
World War I
7.
149
149
165
168
174
184
1919–1922: The Church in Exile The Revolution and Civil War
The Formation of the Parish in London
The Beginning of Parish Life
The Evacuation of Southern Russia and the Beginning
of the Church Abroad
The Arrival of Father John Lelioukhin
The Parish and the Church Hierarchy
St Philip’s Church
203
207
214
219
8. 1923–1927: St Philip’s Church
Parish Life: 1923–1925
The 1,600th Anniversary of the Council of Nicaea
A Definitive Statement on Anglican–Orthodox Relations
Archbishop Seraphim of Finland
The Schism in Western Europe
227
227
234
237
239
242
9. 1928–1932: Bishop Nicholas (Karpoff)
The Arrival of Archimandrite Nicholas
Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky): Impressions of
Abbess Elisabeth
The Consecration of Bishop Nicholas
Parish Life Under the Leadership of Bishop Nicholas
Bishop Nicholas: A Spiritual Portrait
The Death and Testament of Bishop Nicholas
251
251
191
191
194
197
252
254
257
262
263
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Contents
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1 0. 1933–1938: Archpriest Boris Molchanoff A New Rector Comes from France
Visits from Archbishop Seraphim of Western Europe
A Closer Acquaintanceship with Father Boris Through His Writings
Visit of Archbishop Nestor and Arrival of Father Nicholas Gibbes
Miraculously Renewed Icons of St Savva and St Nicholas
Departure of Father Boris Molchanoff
267
267
272
277
280
285
290
11. 1938–1948: Archpriest Michael Polsky Recollections of Melvin Mansur
Father Michael’s Life in Russia
Father Michael in London
World War II
In Memory of Father Michael Polsky
291
291
292
305
311
315
1 2.
321
321
328
1945–1950: The Second Wave of Emigrants
The Great Betrayal
The Fischbek Displaced Persons Camp
Soviet Interference in the Life of Russian Churches
Outside Russia
336
13. 1948–1951: Archimandrite Vitaly (Oustinow)
343
Departure of Father Michael Polsky
343
Pastor of Displaced Persons
348
Recollections of Paul Uspensky
360
The Orthodox Review364
Visit by Metropolitan Anastassy and the Miraculous
Kursk Icon
372
Consecration as Bishop and Departure for Brazil
374
14. 1951–1959: Archbishop Nikodem: The Preston Diocese
Bishop Nathaniel of Preston and The Hague Archimandrite Nikodem: Life Before Coming to England
Development of the Parish and Diocese Under
Archimandrite Nikodem
Russian London in the 1950s
Impressions of a Visit to St Philip’s by Timothy Ware
Arrival of the Nuns from Palestine
Archbishop John (Maximovitch) in England
Consecration of Archimandrite Nikodem as Bishop of Preston
Wanderings in the Wilderness HTP-BIRCHALL-12-1201-FM.indd 7
383
383
389
392
403
412
415
419
425
433
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Contents
1 5. 1959–1976: Archbishop Nikodem: Emperor’s Gate Opening of the New Church at Emperor’s Gate Development of Parish Life at Emperor’s Gate Establishment of the Convent of the Annunciation in Willesden
Ecumenism and Mission
Archbishop Nikon’s Visit to England
Galina von Meck
Gerald Palmer
Father George Cheremetieff as Convent Priest
The Last Years of Archbishop Nikodem
443
443
449
460
464
478
483
496
506
514
1 6. 1976–1989: The Last Years at Emperor’s Gate Archimandrite Alexis as Diocesan Administrator
Bishop Constantine The Russian Dissident Movement Bishop Mark of Berlin, Germany, and Great Britain
Leaving Emperor’s Gate
525
525
530
534
538
547
17. 1990–2009: Building the New Cathedral at Harvard Road
Moving to Harvard Road
Architectural Design and Fund-Raising
Building the New Church
Convent of the Annunciation: Repose of Abbesses Elisabeth
and Seraphima
Water Damage and Interior Finishing of the Lower Church
Reconciliation with the Moscow Patriarchate
Finishing the Upper Church: Installing the New Iconostasis
551
551
561
568
578
582
587
594
Appendix 1Guidance from Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow
Regarding English Converts to Orthodoxy 605
Appendix 2 Persons Mentioned Glorified as Saints
613
Appendix 3 List of Bishops and Priests of the London Russian
Orthodox Church
615
Appendix 4 Ecclesiastical Ranks in the Orthodox Church
619
Notes621
Sources643
Acknowledgments671
Index673
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INTRODUCTION
Millennial Celebrations
Ideally history should be written backwards rather than forwards, because
the past becomes interesting, at least initially, as it explains how we have
arrived at the present. We find the recent past more compelling because we
can more easily see how it explains our present situation, whereas events that
occurred several centuries ago often seem remote and disconnected from our
lives today. For example, the story behind the building of the Russian Church
of the Nativity of the Mother of God at Harvard Road in Chiswick in West
London has many fascinating and inspiring elements, not least of which is
its connection with the living tradition of the ancient Pskov style of church
architecture. This in turn raises questions about why the church was built in
Chiswick, where the parish was located previously, and why it had to move.
From there we can go further back to explore whether the church was established by refugees after the Russian Revolution of 1917, and we find that by
then it had already existed for some two hundred years, founded by Greeks
at the initiative of the Russian Emperor, Peter the Great. Nevertheless, due
to constraints of grammar and literary convention, it will be more practical to
follow the normal approach and begin at the beginning, that is, 1713.
This text began its life on April 26, 1987. The following year, 1988, would
mark the Millennium of Russian Christianity, being the thousandth anniversary of the baptism of St Vladimir and the people of Kiev. As it was uncertain
what celebrations, if any, would be allowed in the Soviet Union, the Russian
Orthodox Church Abroad felt a particular responsibility to mark this event
in a fitting fashion. In April 1987, then Bishop Mark, recently appointed to
lead the parishes of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad in Great Britain,
held a meeting with some parishioners to discuss how best to honour this
millennium. At that meeting I agreed to do some research on the history of
the Russian Orthodox Church in London, with a view to preparing a brief
xiii
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Introduction
account that the bishop could print at his monastery in Germany, and that
would be ready in time for the celebrations the following year.
I circulated an appeal for information. In reply I received many suggestions of who to ask, but had trouble gaining concrete information; each person referred me to someone else or suggested I should have asked someone
who had recently died. Then I was told that all the old parish records were
lodged in the Public Record Office (now the National Archives), at that time
located in Chancery Lane in London. This seemed to me rather improbable,
but, as I was working near Chancery Lane at the time, I thought I might
as well see if there was any substance in this idea. To my astonishment, I
found an entire section of the archives categorized as “Non parochial Registers,” which contained numerous files described as “Archives of the Russian
Orthodox Church in London,” covering the period from 1713 to 1926. Some
of the earlier materials were in Greek and others were in English, but the
vast majority were in Russian. In many cases, the files kept in London contained rough, handwritten drafts in spidery writing, using pre-Revolutionary Russian spelling, of reports that had evidently been transcribed into a fair
copy before being sent on to St Petersburg. Archival materials speak to the
reader on various levels. First, there is the specific information contained in
the document, which may be difficult to interpret without knowing its exact
purpose and the context in which it was written. But second, there is also the
unwritten content—the tone of the document and the presumptions that lie
behind it. Amid the bureaucratic reports there is some very valuable material, such as a letter from Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow about Anglican
beliefs, and the reports of Father Eugene Popoff about his visits to Russian
soldiers held in prisoner of war camps in England during the Crimean War.
The most vivid and fascinating material was the minutes of the meetings
held in 1919 as the Embassy church was reorganized as a parish in accordance with the directives of the Russian Church Council held in 1917–1918
(see Chapter 7).
Locating this archive was the breakthrough that convinced me that
research into the history of the parish could produce something interesting
and substantive. This material, however, did not extend beyond 1926. Gradually, additional information came to light about more recent times. At first
it formed an incomplete patchwork, but with time a more complete picture
began to emerge as links between different periods were filled in. It soon
became apparent that completing this project in time for the millennium
celebrations would not be a realistic objective. A four-page brochure was
printed and distributed at the special church service held in July 1988 and
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given to guests at the banquet that followed. This provided a brief overview
of the history of the parish with promises of a more complete study becoming
available in the near future.
The 1988 pamphlet did not, of course, hint at how long it would take for
the book to be completed. The lack of information at the early stages was
replaced by an overwhelming volume of material of all kinds—documents
from the past, lovingly preserved cuttings from old newspapers in various languages, accounts written in the past, and newer accounts written in
response to my appeal for information—all of which would help to preserve
the memory of people who would otherwise be forgotten. However, to sort
all this and incorporate it into the already partially drafted text became a
daunting task. For this and various other reasons, work ground to a halt in
the early 1990s. After the fall of Soviet Communism, from time to time I
received enquiries from Russia about specific individuals who had spent time
in London. Then in 2009, two factors combined to help push this work to a
conclusion. First, there were celebrations of the twentieth anniversary of the
fall of the Berlin Wall—a vivid reminder of the passage of time since work
on this history had begun. Second, I renewed my acquaintance with an old
friend, Nicolas Mabin, who had recently retired from a professional career
in the City of London. He agreed to help me shape the manuscript into passable condition, proofreading and preparing it in a form suitable for submission to a publisher. At this point, some of the text was in the form of a typed
manuscript, some had been typed on a computer using an old Word Perfect
programme, and some took the form of incomplete handwritten drafts. With
the passage of time, I had also added two final chapters dealing mainly with
the building of the new church in Chiswick. The delay has allowed me to
bring the account to a more satisfactory conclusion. In 1988 the parish faced
an uncertain future, as it was on the verge of having to leave its church premises because the lease had expired. By 2009, however, the new church was
substantially complete pending finishing touches and consecration.
A Microcosm of Russian Church History in the Emigration
I persevered with this history in part because I began to realize that the material that had come into my hands was more than just a family history. As I
wrote in the 1988 millennium brochure,
The research into past history became increasingly fascinating, as the
materials studied gave access to a series of “lost worlds”—in particular
the church of the Imperial Russian Embassy in the 19th century and the
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Introduction
Russian émigré community between the wars. Yet these are not really “lost
worlds,” because the Orthodox Church sees herself as the unity of all present and past generations of Orthodox Christians, who are bound together
by bonds of love and prayer, while the unchanging nature of Orthodoxy
gives a permanent value to the examples and teachings of past generations.
The Russian Orthodox community in England, especially after the Revolution, was part of a larger worldwide emigration and experienced many of
the same joys and sorrows, as well as the same achievements in establishing
their communities and church life in a new land. Many Russian churches in
different parts of the world had their beginning in pre-Revolutionary times
and were connected with embassies, consulates, or other Russian institutions
abroad. However, focusing on one specific community, while at the same
time placing local events in their wider historical context, enables us to witness these developments in a more intimate and real fashion than would be
provided by a broader overview. The strength and weakness of history is
that by the time it is written we know what happened and how it ended. But
those who lived through these same events often were shaken and swept off
their feet by happenings they did not understand, with no idea of where they
would be tomorrow or when, if ever, they would be able to return home.
Looking closely into the life of one parish also allows us to share more
intimately in experiences that were common to most émigré parishes all over
the world. At the same time, the history of the London parish has a number
of interesting and unique features of its own. Among its leading clergymen
were Archbishop Nikodem, a former White Army general who later became
a monk and then a bishop; Father Michael Polsky, who slipped away from
custody in the 1920s and wandered the length and breadth of Soviet Russia before escaping and becoming a warm hearted and much-loved émigré
pastor; Father Eugene Popoff, who was not only a caring pastor of Embassy
officials but also worked extensively with Anglicans and converts to Orthodoxy; Father James Smirnove, who did double service as a diplomat; and
Father Eugene Smirnoff, who presided over the transition period after the
Revolution, including the transformation of the chapel in Welbeck Street
into a parish of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad.
Thus the book covers three distinct periods: (1) The period from 1713 to
1917, when the London church was connected with the diplomatic mission
of Imperial Russia; (2) the period from 1917 to 1991, when it was a church of
refugees from communist Russia and their descendants; and (3) the period
since then, when it has become a church primarily of people who have come
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to England voluntarily, principally from the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. While the circumstances of the church in London were very
different after the Russian Revolution, we note a distinct continuity among
people who had served the Embassy church for decades under the Imperial
regime and continued to do so after the Revolution. This is partly because the
Embassy church was never located in an embassy building (which the Soviet
regime would have taken over and closed down, as happened in Germany)
but had a distinct independent origin and always served the needs of people
other than just the embassy staff.
After the Second World War, parishes started opening in provincial centres as well as London, which became the centre of a deanery and then a diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad. At various times there were
parishes in Manchester, Bradford, Leeds, Nottingham, Dublin, and Walsingham. More recently parishes have opened in Felixtowe, Colchester, Mettingham (Suffolk), Wallasey (near Liverpool), and Stradbally (in Ireland).
These parishes are mentioned as they affect the life of the London parish and
its clergy, but we cannot cover the life of each of them in detail.
The chapters are of uneven length and differing content. This reflects
both the kind of material that was available and also the differing functions
of the church over these periods. During the periods when the church served
refugees, prayers were continually offered for the “suffering land of Russia”
and individually for peoples’ relatives who died during periods of bloodshed
or disappeared without a trace. To some extent, refugees cannot help but live
in the past, and I have devoted considerable space to what could be called
the “backstory”—the experiences of refugees before they arrived in England.
Chapter 7 includes material about the Russian Revolution and Civil War,
including the various routes by which exiles reached London. Chapter 11
includes extensive extracts from Father Michael Polsky’s own accounts of his
experiences in Russia before he escaped over the frontier into Persia. Chapter
12 includes descriptions of displaced persons in Germany after the Second
World War and their attempts to escape repatriation to the Soviet Union
with the help of clergymen of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad who
later served in England. Chapter 15 draws on the published and unpublished
memoirs of Galina von Meck, daughter of a pre-Revolutionary railway magnate who settled in London after the Second World War.
The copy of Father Michael Polsky’s book Положение Церкви в
Советской России [The situation of the Church in Soviet Russia], from
which I took the extracts presented in Chapter 11, was given to me in 1970
by Maximilian Albrecht, a parishioner who had received the autographed
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Introduction
copy from the author himself. Because it was an old and worn-looking book,
and my Russian was not very good at the time, I did not pay much attention to it and soon forgot about it. However, when working on the initial
draft of this chapter in 1988, I went up into the loft of the house in Teddington where I was then living, to look through some boxes of old papers to
see if I had anything relevant. I found the old book inscribed to Maximilian
Albrecht and took it downstairs. I found it was written with such a vivid
style that I could not put it down and stayed up half the night reading it.
This was the first book Father Michael wrote after leaving Russia in 1931.
All his opinions were supported by direct personal experiences and meetings
with leading ecclesiastical figures, some of them during his time confined
in the Solovetsky prison camp, so I had no hesitation including extensive
extracts from this first-class historical material. After returning to Canada in
1991, I mentioned this to Metropolitan Vitaly, then First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, who was also the Archbishop of Canada and
had known Father Michael during his time in London and had an immense
respect for him. I gave my copy of the book to the metropolitan, and he had it
reprinted at his printing press in Montreal. Later, it was further reprinted in
Russia. The original of the book disappeared during the reprinting process,
but it was good to know that its contents could again be made known after
spending so many years hidden in a box in Teddington.
Inevitably, the results of historical research depend on the person who
carries it out. Another person might not have climbed up into a dusty loft but
might have discovered other information that I did not. In particular, some
might think that this book overemphasizes the clergy by comparison with
the laypeople who made up the parish. Another person with better contacts
might have found out more than I have about the faithful families who made
up the body of the church from one generation to the next, and indeed about
other aspects of the life of the church in London which I have overlooked.
While I hope readers will find this account interesting and edifying, I make
no claim to completeness.
Metropolitan Anthony Bloom
For many people who have heard anything about the Russian Orthodox Church in London, the one name that they associate with it is that of
Metropolitan Anthony (Bloom). Therefore, it may come as a surprise and
disappointment that he is mentioned here only in passing. As more fully
explained in Chapters 8, 12, and 14, the Russian Orthodox Church in London was affected by the divisions among Russian Orthodox believers after
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the Revolution that ultimately led to a schism in 1926. From that point forward, this history is concerned primarily with the Russian Orthodox Church
Abroad, otherwise known as the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
or the Russian Orthodox Church in Exile. The other parish formed in 1926
belonged to the Patriarchate of Constantinople, and then, at the end of the
Second World War, transferred allegiance to the Patriarchate of Moscow.
Metropolitan Anthony, who had grown up as an émigré in France, was sent
to London in 1950 to lead the parish under the jurisdiction of the Moscow
Patriarchate, first as a priest and later as a bishop. He remained in this position until his death in 2003. In 2007, following the reconciliation between
the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad and the Patriarchate of Moscow, the
two London parishes entered into eucharistic communion, although each has
retained its separate organizational structure.
For periods after the Revolution and the 1926 schism, the focus of the
present study is on the presence of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad in
London. After the reconciliation in 2007, I considered the possibility of adding some information about the history of the Patriarchal parish. However,
in the end I decided this would be unduly time-consuming and even somewhat presumptuous. The Patriarchal parish at Ennismore Gardens has from
time to time published articles dealing with its own history, but it would take
extensive further research to write additional chapters to add to this book.
Metropolitan Anthony himself was a well-known figure and much has been
written about him already, both by Orthodox and non-Orthodox writers. To
do justice to his many-facetted personality appears to have been somewhat of
a challenge even to those who knew him well. In Chapter 17, I describe the
process of unification between the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad and
the Moscow Patriarchate, including meetings between clergy of the Russian
Orthodox Church Abroad and Metropolitan Anthony toward the end of his
life. His memory will be preserved by others in numerous articles and books
already written. The focus of this book is on other edifying and fascinating
personalities whose memory is already beginning, undeservedly, to fade.
Research and Sources
This book is based primarily on unpublished materials—papers held in
the National Archives, personal interviews, and parish records—as well as
church and émigré periodic publications. Other published sources have been
consulted primarily for background information. In books on historical topics I observed a wide variety of different practices in citing sources. At one
extreme, the author provides a footnote supporting virtually every statement
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made, while at the other, there are no footnotes at all but simply a “Select Bibliography” as a guide for further reading. I think that a text where every page
is knee-deep in footnotes can be difficult to read, while a lack of information
about sources can be perplexing and confusing. The present text consists of
seventeen chapters, each representing a period—generally the incumbency
of a particular clergyman as rector of the parish. Each chapter is further subdivided into sections, each dealing with a particular aspect or development of
church life during that period. After the last chapter I have provided a list of
sources for the entire book. For each section of each chapter I have indicated
the main sources of the information presented in that section. For materials
in the National Archives I have identified the exact file references, while for
published sources I have given the normal citations of author, title, date, and
place of publication.
Appendixes of Supplementary Material
Four appendixes contain material that I think is important but might otherwise interrupt the flow of the narrative. Rather than use the Library of Congress system for transliterating Russian names that indicates how the name
was spelled in the original Russian alphabet, I chose to translate names in a
way that better indicates how they are pronounced. Where possible, I used
the English spelling people actually used for their own names. I have also
provided a chart explaining ecclesiastical ranks both for married and monastic clergy.
Christopher Birchall
Deacon of the Russian Orthodox Church
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Index
Note: Page numbers with p indicate photographs. Page numbers with n indicate
notes.
Ackerman, Ariadne, 260p
acoustics, Harvard Road, 562–563
Æcumenical Throne of the East,
102. See also Constantinople,
Patriarch of
Afanassy (Mogilev), Archimandrite,
329p
Agapit of Stuttgart, Bishop, 586
Aggei of Belgorod and Oboyan,
Bishop, 31
agricultural methods, 23, 24, 25,
46–48
Aland Islands, 625n8
Alban, St, 534, 601
Albrecht, Alexandra Petrovna, 398
Alexander, General, 326, 407
Alexander I, Tsar/Grand Duke of
Russia, 24, 46, 48, 168
Alexander II, Tsar/Emperor/Grand
Duke of Russia, 59, 80, 81, 85,
92, 145, 155, 158
Alexander III, Tsar/Emperor of
Russia, 164, 182
Alexander of Germany, Archbishop,
425p
Alexandra, Empress of Russia, 156,
389, 613
Alexandra, Queen of England/
Great Britain, 164, 193, 221p
Alexandria, delegation from
patriarchate, 2–10, 621n11
Alexandrovich, Nicholas, Tsarevich,
152, 234. See also Nicholas II
Alexandrovna, Maria, Empress/
Grand Duchess, 85, 122, 145,
146, 155, 163, 164, 446,
632n11
Alexandrovna, Xenia, Grand
Duchess, 193, 195p, 224, 261,
273, 274, 282p, 283, 311, 359,
363, 399, 453, 632n11, 637n15
Alexei, Priest-monk, 294
Alexis, Patriarch, 337
Alexis, Tsarevitch, 408
Alexis II, Metropolitan/Patriarch,
588, 596
673
HTP-BIRCHALL-12-1201-Index.indd 673
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674
Index
Alexis (Pobjoy), Archimandrite/
Father, 617. See also Pobjoy,
Angus
Harvard Road and, 585, 595,
596
last years at Emperor’s Gate,
525–530, 526p, 531, 534,
545p
Nikodem and, 522
Alfred, Prince/Duke of Edinburgh,
145, 155, 163
Alipy, Archimandrite, 555
Alipy, Igoumen, 504
All-Emigration Church Sobor,
244–245, 280
Allies
World War I, 192, 201, 207
World War II, 322–323, 338
All-Night Vigil Service of the Russian
Orthodox, The, 233
All-Russian Church Council, 195,
240
All Saints at Ennismore Gardens,
434, 435–437
All Saints, Podvoria. See Podvoria
All Saints of Russia, 420
altar, 131, 225, 241, 326, 443, 444,
446, 450, 463
altar table, 82, 165, 208, 210, 326,
631n22
ambo, 430, 444, 638n4
Ambrose (Pogodin), Ambrose,
Archimandrite/Priest-monk/
Father, 384p, 395, 446, 449,
454–455, 472, 616
American Episcopal Church,
110–111. See also Anglican
American Church
American Revolution, 21–22
Ampenoff, Galina, 207, 208, 415, 416
Ampenoff, Nonna, 207
Ampenoff, Rufina, 207, 510p,
638n24
Ampenoff, Valeria Ivanovna, 346,
398, 452, 461p
Ampenoff, Vsevolod, 222, 247, 252
Ampenoff family, 262, 634n9
Amphiteatroff, Philaret,
Metropolitan of Kiev, 627n6
Amvrossy, Father, 395, 400
Ananin, Alexei Stepanovitch, 317,
346, 398, 439, 443, 638n24
Ananin, Antonina Vladimirovna,
284, 455p, 459, 476p, 480, 513p,
519, 536p, 545p, 546, 560p, 595
Ananin, Artemy, 230
Ananin family, 307
Anastassy, Archbishop/
Metropolitan, 206, 238–239,
273, 274, 305, 336, 339, 343,
372–374, 391, 416, 457, 494–
495, 636n9, 636n3, 640n21
Anatoly of Kerch, Archbishop, 586,
592, 593, 594, 601, 602
Anchor, 538, 544, 545p, 546, 546p,
550, 556
Ancram, Colquhon, Captain, 314p
Andreyev, Natasha, 491
Andronik, Hierodeacon, 569
Anglican American Church, 106.
See also American Episcopal
Church.
Anglican and Eastern Churches
Association, 100, 233, 237, 241
Anglicans. See also American
Episcopal Church, Anglican
churches, Church of England
Birkbeck and, 174–184
8/19/2014 3:11:02 PM
Index
Council of Nicaea, anniversary,
234–235
Embassy church and, 56
Hatherly and, 133
Khomiakov and, 138
movement toward Orthodoxy in,
4, 91–113, 149, 237–239
Neale and, 100–102
Non-Jurors and, 4–9
Orthodox delegation from
Alexandria and, 3–10
refugee aid, 202
Seraphim of Finland and, 241
Smirnoff and, 149, 152, 175
support for Church in Russia, 272
Anglican churches. See also All
Saints at Ennismore Gardens,
St Mary-le-Bow, St Philip’s
St Augustine, 558
St Sepulchre, 550
Anglican National Pilgrimage,
283p
Anglican parish of St Stephen’s, 527,
547
Anglo-Catholicism, 91–93, 95, 97,
101
Anglo-Catholic Movement, 10, 92.
See also Oxford Movement
Anglo-Orthodox union, 174
Anglo-Russian Committee, 202
Anglo-Russian relations, 140, 157
Ann, Countess Dowager of
Sheffield, 37
Anne, Queen, 3
Anthony (Bartochevitch),
Archimandrite/Bishop/
Archbishop of Geneva, 432,
455, 523p, 525, 538, 541, 543,
617
675
Anthony (Bloom), Anthony,
Metropolitan, xviii, xix, 468,
592, 593, 637n10. See also
Sourozhsky, Antony
Anthony (Khrapovitsky),
Metropolitan of Kiev/
Archbishop of Volhynia
Ambrose and, 454
Council of Nicaea anniversary
and, 234–235, 237
Elisabeth and, 252–254
Embassy church and, 215– 217
evacuation of southern Russia
and, 204– 207
Nicholas (Karpoff) and, 251, 263,
264
Nikon and, 639n19
return to the fatherland and, 227
schism in Western Europe and,
242–245
Vitaly and, 358
Anthony of San Francisco,
Archbishop, 589
Anthony (Sinkevitch),
Archimandrite/Archbishop of
Los Angeles, 416, 462, 637n12
anti-Communist refugee groups,
352
anticommunist Serbian exiles, 456
antimension, 208, 210, 301, 302,
631n22
anti-Soviet emigration, 323
Antonius of Finland, Bishop, 179
Aponi, Anna Alexandrovna,
Countess, 64, 144, 625n5
Apostasy of the Nation, The (Keble),
92
apse, Emperor’s Gate, 444, 445p
8/19/2014 3:11:02 PM
676
Index
Arbuthnot, John, 23
Archangelsky, Alexei, General, 407
architectural design, Harvard Road,
554, 561–568
Argaieff, Anton Ilyich, 211
Arkhiereiskoye Podvoriye, 259. See
also Podvoria
Arndt, Michael, 539. See also Mark
(Arndt)
Arsenius III, Serbian Patriarch,
587
Arsenius IV, Serbian Patriarch, 587
Arsenius of Thebes, Metropolitan,
2–10, 182, 621n11, 622n13
Arseny, Archimandrite, 545p
Artemoff, Nikolai, Father, 545p
Art of Prayer: An Orthodox Anthology,
The (Chariton), 500, 640n26
Artsymovitch of Meudon, Michael,
Father, 544
As I Remember Them (von Meck),
483, 491
Assembly of Hierarchs, 464
Association for a Free Russia, 536,
542
Association of Orthodox Clergy in
England, 401
atheism, 1, 191, 293, 296, 562
Athenagoras, Archbishop, 401
Athenagoras, Patriarch of
Constantinople, 466
Augustine of Hippo, St, 454, 528
Australia
emigration to, 374–375, 383
Russian Orthodox in, 552
Austria, 153, 344, 404, 634n1
Austro-Hungarian Empire, 184,
631n20
Averky, Bishop/Archbishop, 435
Avraamy, Hieromonk, 568, 595,
642n8
Azanchevsky-Azancheyeff,
Alexander Matveyevitch, 214
Balkans, 40, 42, 59, 69, 207
baptism. See also chrismation
of converts, 95, 622n1
of Kiev by St Vladimir, 544
North and, 35–38
Palmer (William) and, 95–96
parish records of, 2, 34, 64, 68,
116
Prosalendis and, 35– 38
Shevtel and, 162
Tolstoy and, 114
Baptism, an oratoriette (Tolstoy), 121
Baptism of Russia, anniversaries of,
175, 309, 545p, 546p, 577. See
also Millennium of Russian
Christianity
baptistery, Harvard Road, 586
Baratchevsky’s Bookshop, 406
Bariatinsky, Ivan Ivanovich, Prince,
33
Barkhatoff, Silas Kirilovich,
Diachok, 18
Bartholomew, Bishop, 293
Barton-on-Sea parish, 527
Basil of Sergievo, Bishop, 585, 592
Baulk, Peter, Father/Archpriest,
585, 596, 597, 600, 601, 617
bazaars, fund-raising, 229, 452
Behr, Nicholas, Archpriest/Father,
247, 248, 339
“Belgrade Nightingales,” 284
Belikow, Yaroslav, Father/
Archpriest, 594, 598, 600, 617
Belyaeff, Alexander, 31
8/19/2014 3:11:02 PM
Index
Benckendorff, Alexander, Count,
193
Benjamin, Metropolitan, 215, 216,
235
Benkendorff, Alexander
Konstantinovitch, Count, 154,
158, 630n6–7
Bennigsen, Count, 349, 403, 404,
409
Bentham, Jeremy, 47
Berdyaev, Nicholas, 243
Berlin Embassy chapel, 622n13
Berlin Wall, fall of, 588
Bethell, Nicholas, 321, 326, 408
Bezborodko, Count, 39
Birchall, Christopher, Protodeacon,
532p, 545p,
Birkbeck, William, 93, 174–179, 183,
187, 241, 631n17–18, 632n8
Birmingham parish, 544
births
in parish register, 28, 31, 32
in royal circles, 62
bishops
after Revolution, 337
appearance of, 30
Bishops’ Council of 1953, 419
Bjering, Nicholas, 151
Blackmore, R. W., 97, 101
Black Sea Clauses, 142, 143
Blessing of the Waters, 12, 558, 585
Bobrinskoy, Olga, Countess, 513p
Body and Blood of Christ, 4, 141
Bogdan, Valentina, 315
Bogoliuboff, D. I., 293
677
Bolsheviks
Constantine’s father and, 530
emigrants and, 190, 323
and, 203–206
Metropolitan Benjamin shot by, 215
parish formation in London and,
195
parish life in London and, 201, 202
Polsky and, 293, 294, 299
relations with regime of, 194, 302,
632n6
Revolution/Civil War in Russia
and, 191–193, 293
Theokritoff and, 222
von Meck and, 488
Bolshevism, 191, 192, 206, 555
Bond, Andrew, Deacon, 536p
Book of Common Prayer, 92
Boris, St, 528
Bortniansky, Dmitry, 210
Bostrem, Ivan Feodorovitch, 159
Boswell, James, 21
Boudnikoff, Mlle Parascève, 213
Bradford parish, 348p, 355–357,
370–371, 395, 397, 544
“branch theory,” 174
Brazil
Moisseyevsky and, 395, 636n7
Vitaly and, 375, 381, 383, 385
Brechin Place, 435, 462, 471
Brey, Eugene, 407
Britain. See England
British Army, 192, 329
British Church, 5
British Council for Aid to Refugees,
404
British Council for Refugees Home,
455p
8/19/2014 3:11:02 PM
678
Index
British empire, 157, 180
British Expeditionary Force, 192,
193
British government
Balkans and, 40
displaced persons and, 321, 344
Russian intentions toward India
and, 170
Russian Provisional Government
and, 193–194
British Medical Journal, 229
Brompton Cemetery, 352, 353p, 515,
525
Brookwood Cemetery, 529, 530
Brotherhood of St Photius, 228
Brotherhood of St Seraphim of
Sarov (Yugoslavia), 390
Brotherhood of St Seraphim of
Sarov (Walsingham), 474, 477,
478, 483, 522, 525
Brotherhood of the Nativity of the
Most Holy Mother of God, 168
Brunnow, Baron, 58–61, 63, 66, 68,
71, 81, 84, 143, 155, 625n4
Brussels, 147, 151, 248, 249, 273, 407,
426–431
Brussels Embassy Church, 151
Brussels Memorial Church, 425p
Buckingham Palace, 164, 453p, 535
Building Committee, 554, 556, 561,
562, 583
Bulgakov, Sergius, Father/
Metropolitan, 243, 244, 245,
299, 301, 337, 339
Bulganin, Nikolai, 410, 422
Bulgaria, 151, 158, 206, 224, 228, 230
Bulletin (Russian Refugees Relief
Association), 404, 405, 406,
409, 432
Byelorussian Church, 356, 635n5
Byzantine chant, 17
Byzantine Greek, 12
Byzantine heritage, 135, 594
Byzantium, 35
calendar, Church, 278–279
Cambridge Camden Society, 96
Cameron, Nelly, 161
camp, Soviet labor, at Mariinsk, 489
camps, displaced persons. See
Fischbek camp, Klein St Veit
camp
Canada, 184–185, 374, 381, 454, 481
Canonical Status of the Supreme
Church Administration in
the USSR and Abroad, The
(Polsky), 347
Canterbury, Archbishop of, 107,
233, 235, 239
Canterbury Convocation, 105
Carlisle, Bishop of, 131
Cassanno, Bartholomew, Priest/
Father, 3, 13, 14, 19, 622n11,
615
Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul,
146
Cathedral of St Alexander Nevsky,
244
Cathedral of the Dormition, 289,
459, 463, 480, 546, 572, 585
Catherine I, Empress of Russia, 9
Catherine the Great, Empress of
Russia, 14, 23, 24, 37, 39, 40,
41, 411, 623n7
Catholic Church. See Roman
Catholic Church
Catholic Church of Christ,
division, 91
8/19/2014 3:11:02 PM
Index
Catholic Orthodoxy and AngloCatholicism (Overbeck), 137
Catterick prisoner of war camp, 323
Cenotaph litya, for Russian Royal
Family, 512p, 513p, 514
chanter, defined, 17, 31, 155
Chariton, Igoumen, 500, 640n26
Charles, Prince of Wales, 642n7
Charles I, King, 641n32
Charova, Vera, 407
Chavchavadze, Paul, Prince, 221p
Chekhov, Anton, 463
Chelsea College, 441
Cheremetieff, D. C., Count, 196
Cheremetieff, George, Father/
Archpriest, 395, 395p, 414, 418,
435, 437, 616
Arndt and, 542
as convent priest, 506–514, 508p,
510p
death of, 506
ecumenism and, 471, 472
Emperor’s Gate and, 446, 447p,
449, 453, 454, 460
Nikodem and, 514
Palmer (Gerald) and, 501, 502, 504
Cheremetieff, V. V., 165
Cherkesky, Genrikh, 61, 64
Chernysheff, Count/Ambassador,
14, 15
Chesham House, 193, 229, 232
Chessington, chapel in, 257
Chichester, Bishop of, 96, 97
children
sisterhood of St Xenia and, 224
St Philip’s Church parish life and,
233
suffering from Civil War in
Russia, 211–212
679
China
Church in Exile and, 207
Gibbes and, 282
Maximovitch and, 383, 420, 425
Molchanoff and, 277, 280
Nathaniel and, 329
Nestor and, 310
Nikodem and, 383, 455
Polsky and, 347
242
Smirnoff and, 167
Voznesensky and, 457
Chmutin, Arcadi, 222
choir
“Belgrade Nightingales,” 284
at Embassy church, 152, 154–155,
198, 210
at Emperor’s Gate, 449–450, 451
at Harvard Road, 585, 595–596
monastic singing, 438
Polsky and, 292
choir directors
Ananin, 545p, 546
Khaltygin, 440p
Kobrina, 585, 595, 596
Rodzianko, 284
at St Philip’s, 247
Volkovsky, 292p, 376
choral singing, Russian, 17
chrismation, 12, 622n1
Christ Church, Oxford, 35
Christian East, The, 174
Christianity, 293, 334, 412, 497, 498,
500
Christian IX, King of Denmark, 193
Christmas, 346, 439, 441, 463
Christmas Epistle for 1922, 227
Christovich, Count, 66
8/19/2014 3:11:02 PM
680
Index
chronicles of church life, in Orthodox
Review, 365–366, 367–368,
369–370
Chrysanthus of Jerusalem,
Patriarch, 7, 9
Church Fathers, 277, 278, 364, 378,
514, 543
church fittings, Harvard Road, 572
Church hierarchy
Molchanoff and, 279
parish and, 214–219
Churchill, Winston, 192, 322
Church in Exile. See also Russian
Church Abroad, Russian
Orthodox Church
beginnings in London, 1, 191–194
Lelioukhin and, 208–210
mission of, 464
refugees from southern Russia
and, 203–207, 211
Church Life, 355, 372, 636n8
Church of Christ, 102, 168, 278, 518,
556, 591, 603
Church of Christ the Saviour, 591
Church of England. See also
Anglicans, English Church
Emperor’s Gate and, 541
Gorham and, 627n5
Nikodem and, 465
Overbeck and, 137, 143
Popoff and, 91, 100, 102–105
Riley and, 219
shared use of churches, 208,
434–436, 441
Shrine Church built by, 275
Stanley and, 627n8
Wassilieff and, 109–111
church of Our Lady, the Joy of All
Who Sorrow, 601
Church of Greece, 587
Church of Rome, 115–116. See also
Roman Catholic Church
Church of St Alexis Metropolitan,
530
church of St John of Shanghai, 601
church of St Marylebone, 33
Church of St Vladimir, 530
Church of the Dormition, 152, 215
Church of the Dormition of the
Mother of God, 1, 13
Church of the Holy Dormition, 15,
17, 62.
Church of the Holy Wisdom, 164, 205
Church of the Iveron Mother of
God, 264
Church of the Saviour, 34, 89
Church Review, 146
Church Slavonic, 19, 174, 284, 415,
476, 526, 528, 596, 630n16
Church Times, The, 132, 133, 221, 276
churchwardens. See Burenik,
Goodman, Kleinmichel,
Vsevolod, Wolcough
Civil War, in Russia, 191–194, 211,
267, 322, 390, 407
Clarence House, 145–146, 163
Clarendon, Earl of, 66
clergy. See Russian clergy
“Come back to Russia” campaign,
352–353
Commission on Discussions. See
ROCOR Commission
Committee of the Anglican and
Eastern Churches Association,
233
communism
atheistic, 562
Cossacks and, 326, 407
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
fighting with Germans against, 322
future of Russia after, 227–228
Hilarion and, 300
Maria Nikolayevna and, 209
Polsky and, 291, 293–300
Russian, 191
Serbian Church and, 456
Solzhenitsyn and, 535
Communist regime in Russia, 191,
555, 587–589, 641n1, 642n4
concentration camps, 359, 409, 491,
543
Conciliar Church, 118, 398
conciliar principle, 244, 464
confession
lists, 31–32, 51, 52, 64, 66, 68, 71,
116, 625n5
practices, 199
confessions of faith
by Dositheus, 9
Khomiakov and, 94
Ludwell and, 19–20
Overbeck and, 135, 137
Smirnoff and, 168
consecration
of Nicholas, 254–257, 256p
of Nikodem as Bishop of Preston,
425–433, 425p
Constantine, Archimandrite, 436
Constantine, Grand Duke, 24, 141
Constantine (Jesensky) of Richmond
and Great Britain, Bishop,
530–534, 531p, 532p, 538–539,
617
Constantine of Constantinople,
Patriarch, 156
Constantinides, Michael, 8
Constantinople, Patriarch of, 133,
216, 217, 240, 244, 622n1
681
Contakion of the Departed, 631n18
convent at Ein Karim, 634n9
Convent of the Annunciation,
438, 455, 460–464, 461p,
502, 511, 527, 542, 543p, 544,
578–579, 581–582, 592. See also
Elisabeth (Ampenoff)
Convent of the Resurrection of
Christ (Bethany), 415, 637n11
Cossacks, 204, 271p, 322, 325–327,
350, 407–408, 432–433, 436–
437, 447, 634n10, 634n1, 641n1
Council of Bishops of the Russian
Church Abroad, 194, 200, 240,
243, 244
Councils of Bishops, 205, 260, 263,
329, 425, 464
234–237
Couriss, Nicholas, Father, 527p
Court of St James, 32
Covel, John, 4
creed, 101, 104, 105–106, 235, 236
Crimean War, 59, 68, 96, 142, 626n16
prisoners, 69–81, 422
crisis of 1791, 39–44
Cross, A. G., 30, 53
cross, Harvard Road, 574–575, 577
crypt, Harvard Road, 567
Cup of Christ, The, 581
cupola, Harvard Road, 574, 575,
575p, 576p, 577, 582, 599p
Czechoslovakia, 228, 310, 329, 347
Dabich, Sergei, Archimandrite, 215,
216
Dagmar, Mary Sophia Frederica,
Princess of Denmark, 168
Dalmatians, 45
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
682
Index
Damianos of Jerusalem, Patriarch,
235, 237
Daniel, icon, 600
Daniel, Prince, 164
Danilewicz, Tatiana, 327, 396, 408,
422, 437
Dashkova, Princess in Russia, 28
David, Archimandrite, 617. See also
Meyrick, Mark
Declaration of Metropolitan
Sergius, 301
Deisis tier/icon, Harvard Road, 598
Denikin, Anton, General, 194, 203
diachók’/diák, 17. See also
psalomshchik
Diakovsky, Ephrem, Priest-monk/
Father, 18, 20, 23, 615
Diamond Jubilee, 151, 156, 157, 179
Diligensky, Vladimir, Father, 202
diocesan congress, 456
Diocesan Council, 561
Diocese of Great Britain, 483, 517,
525, 526, 530, 538, 539, 575, 596
Diocese of Western Europe, 240,
383, 387, 419, 420, 422, 425,
455, 538, 559, 633n3
displaced persons (DPs, DP
workers), 344, 345, 346,
348–355, 374, 389. See also
Fischbek camp
Disraeli, Prime Minister, 158
Dissident Movement, Russian,
534–537
Divine Liturgy, 210, 222, 359, 400,
496, 549, 553, 569, 586, 596
in English, 122, 145
Divine Services, 6, 243, 394, 415,
419, 420, 483
Djakally, Nina, 315p
Dobrotoliubiye, 498, 499, 500
doctrine of the Church of England,
5, 92
Dogma of Redemption, The
(Khrapovitsky), 514
Dolgorouki, Alexis, Prince, 633n1
Domanov, General, 326
Don Cossacks, 408. See also Cossacks
Dositheos, Patriarch of Jerusalem,
9, 35
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 191, 631n1
Douglas, John, Canon, 235, 237, 238,
264
Dowager Empress Marie. See Marie
of Russia
Druzhakin, George Nikolayevitch,
Major, 327, 328, 397, 408
Dublin parish, 527, 593
Dubois, Yves, Father, 527, 533
Dukhovetsky, F. A., 196
Dunkov, Margareta, 545p
Dunstan, St, 531
Durasova, S. A., 196
Dutch Consulate, 207
Early Fathers from the Philokalia,
499, 500, 640n27
Easter
at Embassy church, 208
at Emperor’s Gate, 534–535
at Harvard Road, 571–573, 597
Molchanoff and, 281
Nikolaevna and, 489–490
Smirnoff and, 85, 154, 188–189
at St Philip’s, 232, 247, 282, 434
at St Mark’s, 441
at St Sepulchre, 550
Eastern Church, 98–99, 102–103,
105, 110, 112, 133
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
Eastern Church Association, 100,
110, 122, 123, 132, 133, 237
Eastern Orthodox Church, 3, 34,
106–107, 136, 138, 234. See also
Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodoxy, 135, 234
Eastern patriarchs, 8, 9, 97, 624n1
Eastern Rite, 139, 143
ecumenism, 464–478
Edinburgh, Duchess of, 145, 146
Edinburgh, Duke of, 406
Edward, St, 528, 530, 531, 533
Edward VII, King of United
Kingdom, 152, 164
Elements of Christian Doctrine
(Orloff), 156
Elisabeth (Ampenoff), Abbess/
Mother, 578p
Anthony (Khrapovitsky) and,
252–254
arrival from Palestine, 415–418
Cheremetieff and, 506–507,
509–510, 510p
Convent of the Annunciation
and, 458, 460, 461p, 463–464
John (Maximovitch) and, 420p,
423, 424
Lelioukhin and, 234
Molchanoff and, 270
Nicholas (Karpoff) and, 262–263,
264
Polsky and, 305–307, 354
repose of, 578–581
Elisey (Ganaba), Bishop, 593, 601,
602
Elizabeth II, Queen of England,
403, 453p
Elliott, Paul, Father, 601
Ely, Bishop of, 131
683
Embassy church in London. See also
London parish
aid to Bulgarian Orthodox, 158
Alexander II, visit by, 145
art/metalwork in, 82
as chapel to the Russian Embassy,
62, 86–90
at Clifford Street, 16, 48
exterior of dome (2010), 89p
freehold of property (2010),
89–90
Greek Orthodox community
and, 34
Hatherly at, 121
interior (2010), 88p
Khomiakov, visit by, 95
lease, original, 624n11
Lelioukhin and, 208–210
Ludwell family and, 19–20
Memorandum Book of, 136
move to Welbeck Street, 48–51
Neale at, 98
North and, 39
origins of, 1–2, 14–15, 621n2
Overbeck and, 137
Paradise family and, 20–22
parish formation, 194–197
parish formation and church
hierarchy, 214–219
parish life at, 97–202, 210
Popoff and (See Popoff, Eugene)
psalm-readers at, 31
rebuilding at Welbeck Street,
81–89
Samborsky and, 23–25, 23p
Smirnoff and, 2, 149–165,
188–189, 190
Speransky and, 146
as true “embassy,” 57
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
684
Index
Embassy Church in Paris, 105, 122
emigrants/emigration. See also
immigrants, refugees
displaced persons and, 374
Fischbek camp and, 328–336,
328p, 329p
post-Revolution (See Church in
Exile)
second wave (1945–1950),
321–341
Soviet interferences in Russian
churches outside Russia,
336–341
White Russian interpreters, 324
émigré community in England,
192–193, 232, 325, 407
émigrés
anti-Imperial, 323
anti-Soviet, 323
Communist refugees as, 227–228
Cossack genocide, 326–327
Moscow Patriarchate and, 337
theological differences among,
243
Vitaly and, 328–336, 348–349,
354–355
White Russian, 323
Yalta and, 322, 326
in Yugoslavia, 389
Emperor’s Gate
Alexis and, 525–530, 526p
Ananin and, 284, 459, 546
Arndt and, 538–547, 541p, 545p,
549
clergy at, 466p
consecration of, 496, 622n2
interior, 444p, 445p
last years at, 525–550
lease on, 527
leaving, 547–550
Meyrick and, 466, 475–476
Nikodem and, 446–523, 446p,
450p, 458p
Palmer (George) and, 443, 502
parish life at, 449–460
Russian Dissident Movement
and, 535–537
Solzhenitsyn, visit by, 534–535,
535p
von Meck and, 483–496, 483p
wedding at, 447p
England/United Kingdom
Alexander II and Maria
Alexandrovna, visit by,
145, 155
Alexandrovitch, visit by, 152
Alexis and, 528
Anglo-Russian relations, 59,
158–60
Arsenius and delegation to, 3–10
Brunnow and, 59
Chernysheff and private chapel
in, 15
Church in Russia and TV
programmes, 588
Constantine and, 531, 538
Crimean War and, 69–70, 81
education in 12, 103
emigration to former colonies
from, 374–375
farming techniques in, 47
Holy Places in, 366–367
“jingoism” in, 157
Kurakin, visit by, 7
Kursk icon tour in, 372–374
Litkevich and, 31
Ludwell and, 19
Mikhailovna and, 64
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
Nathaniel and, 355–356
Nesselrode and, 59, 62–63
Nicholas I, visit by, 62–63
Nikodem and Orthodox
communities in, 394,
401–403, 355
Nikon, visit by, 478–483
Paradise and, 21
prisoners of war interned in,
69–81, 186, 285, 323–325
relations with France, 59
Revolution in Russia and,
191–192, 193
Russian clergy returning to, 13
Russian commercial interests in,
160
Russian diplomats in, 29, 32–33,
39, 44–46, 59–60, 70,
159–161 (See also Russian
Ministry of Foreign Affairs)
Russian refugees in, 203, 207,
350–351
Samborsky and, 23–25
Smirnove and, 28–29, 46–48
Turkey and, 39–40
Triple Entente and, 158
Vadkovsky, visit by, 151
von Meck and, 491
Woronzow and, 32–33, 39, 43,
45–47
English Church. See Anglicans,
Church of England
English language
Divine Liturgy in, 145, 214
as ecclesiastical language, 630n16
training clergy in, 169
translated liturgical texts in, 12, 17
Vitaly and, 354–355
English Liturgy, 122, 124, 528, 542
685
English Philhellenes, 35
English-speaking converts, 91–147,
476–477
Ennismore Gardens, 434, 435–437,
586, 597–602
Ephrem, Father. See Diakovsky,
Ephrem
episcopal office, Vitaly and, 376–381
episcopal rite, 201, 241, 248, 259, 449
Established Church, 219, 632n9. See
also Church of England
Estonian Orthodox Church, 397,
447
Eucharist, 4, 8, 9, 87
European Voluntary Workers, 349,
354
Euthymius, Hierodeacon, 568, 569
Evangelicals (“Low Church”), 91
Evelpides, Dorotheos, 133
Evlogy, Metropolitan/Archbishop,
616, 635n5
Constantine and, 530
235, 237
death of, 338
as diocesan bishop, 216–217
involvement in London parish,
222–223, 224, 228, 233
Lelioukhin and, 209
Molchanoff and, 267– 269
move to Paris, 228
return to Moscow Patriarchate,
337–339
242–248, 339
Seraphim of Finland and, 240–241
Smirnoff and, 199
St Philip’s Church and, 225, 228,
233
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
686
Index
expatriation, 354
Extraordinary General Meeting,
435, 438, 561
Faber and Faber, 499
Faminsky, Konstantin Nikolaevitch,
154
Farewell to Russia (von Meck), 491
feast day services, 156, 199, 208, 210,
263, 354, 439, 451, 593
feasts
All Saints, 254, 259, 356
All the Saints of Russia, 356
Annunciation, 462, 471
Apostle Jude, 553
Apostle Philip, 569
Ascension, 591, 593
Dormition of the Mother of God
dedications to, 13, 225, 569,
597
feast/patronal festival of, 448,
593, 594
Elevation of the Holy Cross, 223,
518
Entrance of the Mother of God
into the Temple, 504
Holy Royal Martyrs of Russia,
546
Kursk icon of the Sign, 531
Meeting of the Lord, 210
Nativity of St John the Baptist,
456
Nativity of the Mother of God,
461, 598
Pentecost (Holy Trinity), 63, 284,
582
Presentation of the Mother of
God in the Temple, 152
Resurrection, 489
Saints Peter and Paul, 356, 378,
375, 630n7
Saints Spyridon and Nikodem,
516
St Hierotheos, 521
St Job of Pochaev, 336
St Mary Magdalene, 418, 462
St Seraphim of Sarov, 435
St Vitus, 432
St Vladimir, 309, 411
Theophany, 539, 558
Whitsun (Pentecost, Anglican),
284
February Revolution, 191
Fennel, Nicholas, Dr, 571
Feoderoff, Constantine, Archpriest,
559
Feodorovna, Marie, Dowager
Empress. See Marie of Russia
Ferial Menaion, The (Orloff), 156
festal tier, 598
Fidelity Trust, 527, 547, 548
Fielding, Elizabeth, 23
Filioque, 101, 104–106, 168, 627n4
Finland, 224, 240, 389, 625n8
iconostasis from, 224–225
Orthodox in, 240–241
Fischbek camp, 328–336, 328p, 329p,
353, 395
Fisher, Timothy, Brother, 531
Flaviana, Mother, 450–451, 502,
640n30
Flor, Abbot, 542, 641n4
Florinschi, Nikolai, Archpriest, 596
Foreign Department of
the Supreme Church
Administration in South
Russia, 215
Fortunatoff, Father, 81
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
Fox, Charles, 40–41
France
attempt to start monastery in,
336, 357
Crimean War and, 69
Lesna Convent, 417, 431, 450,
502, 503, 512, 546
relations with England, 59
returning to Russia from, 338,
635n6
Revolution in Russia and, 192
Woronzow and, 43
Franco-Prussian War, 142
Franklin, Benjamin, 21–22
Fraser, Eugenie, 161, 630n8–9
French Army, 192, 631n2
frescoes, 504, 565, 567, 584, 586, 603
Freshville, Barbara, 440p
Freshville, V. B., 439
fund-raising
delegation from Alexandria, 3–10
for Convent of the Annunciation,
418
for Emperor’s Gate, 443
for Harvard Road, 527, 554, 557,
566–567
for Russian refugees, 229, 403
for Welbeck Street, 84, 210
funerals
for Alexandrovna (Xenia), 453
for Ampenoff (Elisabeth),
580–581
for Ananin (Antonina), 595
at Embassy church, 200
for Kleinmichel, 533–534
for Nicholas (Karpoff), 264
for Nikodem, 521–523, 523p
for Palmer (Gerald), 504, 509
687
in parish registers, 12, 64
for Popoff (Basil), 146–147, 151
for Royal Martyrs, 514. See also
Cenotaph litya
for Savva, 351, 352p
for Smirnoff, 228, 233
Galitzine, Alexander, Prince, 179
Galitzine, Dmitri, Prince, 310p,
447p, 475p, 476p, 545p, 554, 566
Galitzine, Ekaterina Georgievna,
312
Galitzine, Emanuel, Prince, 256p
Galitzine, George, Prince, 256p
Galitzine, Irina, Princess, 285, 289,
312, 476p, 633n3
Galitzine, Mary, Princess, 476p
Galitzine, Natalia Theodorovna,
Princess, 33
Galitzine, Nicholas, Prince, 277,
288, 633n3
Galitzine, Patricia, Princess, 476p
Galitzine, Vladimir, Prince, 222,
247, 257, 258p, 345p, 349, 403,
405
Gelassy, Archdeacon, 457p, 458–459,
458p
General Introduction (Neale), 97–98,
101–102, 626n2
General Menaion, The (Orloff), 156,
629n3
Gennadius, Archimandrite, 2, 3, 7,
10–13, 18, 603, 615, 621n11,
622n1
Genoa Conference, 242, 632n6
George, Earl of Pembroke, 32, 159,
630n7
George, Lloyd, 192, 201
George V, King, 193, 235, 273
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
688
Index
Georgievsky, Ivan, 317, 446p, 449,
638n24
Georgirenes, Joseph, Archbishop, 6
Germanos of Thyateira,
Metropolitan, 235
German army, Russians in, 323, 326
Germany
advance into Russia, 337
Arndt and, 539, 542, 585
Cheremetieff and, 395
displaced persons in, 321, 325,
344, 345, 349, 405
Fischbek camp in, 328–336, 328p,
329p
military power and, 158
Nathaniel and, 387
Old Catholic Church and, 137
Ostarbeiter (forced workers) in,
322, 350
refugee camps in, 328, 405
Revolution in Russia and, 192
Russian Army of Liberation in 322
Russian prisoners of war in, 229,
321
Strokovsky and, 153
survival of Anastassy/Synod in,
339
Vestnik and, 556
von Meck in, 491–495
World War I and, 192, 207
Germogen, Bishop/Archbishop, 248,
264, 633n7
Gibbes, Nicholas, Father/
Archimandrite, 214, 276,
282–285, 283p, 305, 306, 616
Gladstone, William, 107, 140, 158
Gogoleff, Michael, Archpriest, 586
golosniki, 562–563
Goodman, Sophia, 257, 258, 280,
305, 312, 546p, 549–550, 552,
556, 558, 561
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 588, 589
Gorchakov, Alexander, Prince, 59,
60
Gorham, George Cornelius, 627n5
Gorham Judgment, 102
Gospels, 411, 459, 514
Goudim-Levkovitch, K. G., 195,
196, 203
GPU, 295–296, 300, 302, 303, 634n3
Graeco-Russian Church. See GreekRussian Church in London
Gramatins, Anthony, Father/
Protopresbyter, 397, 447
gramota, 156, 237
Grani (journal), 540
Great Britain. See England
Great Church in Captivity, The
(Runciman), 2, 621n5
Great Exhibition of the Works of
Industry of All Nations, 82
Great Lent, services, 71, 361, 370,
376, 400
Greece
Church of Greece, 587
North and, 35, 37
Orthodox Church in, 134, 587
Palmer and, 496–497, 504
Paradise and, 20
Philhellenes and, 35
Queen Olga of, 167–168
Sablin and, 224
Sherrard and, 640n28
Greek Church of the Saviour, 34, 89
Greek Liturgies of SS. Mark, James,
Clement, Chrysostom and Basil
(Neale), 99
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
Greek language
church records in, 16
services in, 7, 12, 17, 18, 118, 141,
639n17
translation of Philokalia from, 501
Greek Orthodox Church
in England, 235, 517–518
in Liverpool, 121
in London, 6, 17, 100, 116, 152,
164, 402
Ware and, 414, 569, 628n13
in Wolverhampton, 125–127,
132–134
Greek Orthodoxy, 95, 98, 104, 402,
622n1, 622n12
Greek-Russian Church in London,
2–3, 7, 8p, 10, 16
Greeks
Anglicans and, 4
community in London, 6, 13, 34
rescue of Anthony
(Khrapovitsky) by, 205
Greenall, Robert, 43
Gregorios of Thyateira and
Great Britain, Archbishop,
577, 585
Gregory, Bishop, 533
Gretch, Nicholas Ivanovich, 52
Gribanovsky, Mikhail, Bishop, 482,
639n19
Grigorieff, Sergei, 572
Guardian, The, 132, 175, 180, 183,
536, 628n17, 642n4
Guardian libel case, 132, 628n17
Guerken-Glovatsky, Tatiana
Pavlovna, 398, 417–418
Guettée, Abbé, 627n9
Gunnersbury Cemetery, 510, 580,
581
689
Hakodate Consulate, 57, 163
Halfter, Victor, General, 222, 231,
256p, 261, 323
Hampton Court Palace, 193, 282p,
399, 631n3
Hardy, Thomas, Father/Archpriest,
558, 560p, 569, 570, 577, 585,
586, 596, 617
Hartung, Dimitry, 584
Harvard Road
architectural design of, 556,
561–567
blessing of site with Kursk icon,
553, 554p
construction of cathedral at,
568–578, 572p, 575p, 576p,
599p, 602p, 602–603
construction of church hall at,
556, 558, 558p, 560p
dedication of church to, 596–598
finishing upper church at, 594,
597, 586p, 599p
fund-raising for, 527, 554, 557,
560–561, 566–567
iconostasis at, 597–602, 599p
interior finishing of lower church
at, 584–586, 582p
landscaping of, 568
parish life and, 595–596
water damage to, 582–586
Hatherly, Stephen, 114–135,
139–143, 628n13, 628n17
healings, miraculous, 252, 263, 420,
544
Herbert family, 630n7
High Church, 91, 103, 132, 627n5,
627n8. See also Anglicans
Highgate Cemetery, 310p, 422
Hilarion, Metropolitan, 601
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
690
Index
Hilarion (Troitsky), Archbishop,
293, 299–300, 341, 614
Hindo, Nicholas, Father, 397, 447
History of the Council of Florence,
The (Ostroumoff), 144
History of the Holy Eastern Church
(Neale), 96, 97, 99, 626n2–3
Hoare, Samuel, 174, 235
Holland, parishes in, 384, 387
Holmes, Valerie, 513p, 526p
Holodny, Peter, Father, 560p, 585
Holy Communion
Harvard Road and, 597
Nikodem and, 450
North and, 37, 38
Overbeck and, 141
Palmer and, 93, 94
in parish registers, 32, 64, 71, 623n4
Holy Fathers, 35, 241, 498, 500, 504
Holy Land, 415–417, 462–463,
638n16
Holy Mountain, Gerald Palmer and,
497, 498, 499, 501, 505. See also
Mt Athos
Holy Places in England, Orthodox
Review, 366–367
Holy Places in Jerusalem, custody
of, 69, 96
Holy Synod of Russian Church
Abroad (in New York), 457,
561, 571, 574, 589, 592, 598
Holy Synod
Ambrose and, 454
Anastassy and headquarters
during World War II, 339
Church in London and, 8, 9, 13,
24, 28
Hatherly and, 120, 125–127, 129,
142
Orloff and, 155, 156
Orthodoxy in England and, 55,
111–112, 113, 118, 120,
122–124
Overbeck and, 135, 137–141, 142
Peter the Great and, 624n1
Popoff and, 102
Russian, 8, 9, 133, 135, 142, 143
Smirnoff and, 167, 187
Smirnove, recognition by, 48
Wolverhampton mission and,
127–131
Holy Transfiguration Monastery,
525
Holy Trinity Monastery, 481, 504,
531, 542
Holy Trinity Seminary, 515, 525
Holy Trinity-Zelenitsky Monastery,
52
Holy Week, services, 176, 208, 441,
542, 571, 597
Home Office, 192, 203, 313, 339,
352, 418
Horologion (Orloff), 156, 629n3
Hounslow, Borough, 567, 570, 571,
577
House of Commons, 30, 152, 410, 496
Iakovlevna, Anna, 58, 144
iconographers, 16, 450–451, 504,
530, 584
iconography, 367, 450–451, 502, 530,
598, 601
iconostasis, 11, 51, 56
Alexandrovna’s private chapel
and, 145, 163
at Clifford Street, 16
at Convent of the Annunciation,
502
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
at Emperor’s Gate, 444p, 445, 448
Gibbes and, 285
at Harvard Road, 558, 567, 569,
572, 573, 584, 586p, 597–598,
599p, 600–602
at Podvoria, 260
at St Philip’s, 222, 224–225
at Welbeck Street, 82, 87, 131, 437
icon restorer, 555, 562
icons
of Aaron, 16
of Abraham, 16
of annunciation, 16
of baptism of the Lord, 16
of Christ the Saviour, 598
at Clifford Street, 16, 51
461, 462
Duchess of Edinburgh and, 145
of Elizabeth and Mary, 16
at Emperor’s Gate, 445, 445p, 446,
450, 451, 549, 622n2
of Feast of the Dormition, 16
fixed, 11
of four evangelists, 16
at Harvard Road, 558, 562, 572,
573, 584, 586p, 594–603
by Ivanovsky, 16
Kazan, 421
Kursk (See Kursk icon)
of Moses, 16
of Mother of God (See Mother of
God)
of nativity of Christ, 16
of Our Saviour, 16, 288
Pokrov, 444, 445p, 586p
of St Anne, 16
of St Nicholas, 285–289
of St Savva, 285–289
691
of St Seraphim, 225, 600
veneration of, 9
at Welbeck Street, 51
Ignatius (Brianchaninov), Bishop/St,
278, 581, 614
Illyashevich, Olga, 513p
immigrants, 349, 350, 351, 353,
364, 374, 385, 403, 406, 410,
422, 436, 603, 635n5. See also
emigrants, refugees
Imperial Army, 267, 407
Imperial government in Russia, 1,
14, 31, 194
Imperial Ministry of Foreign
Affairs. See Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of the Russian
Empire
Imperial Russian Embassy, in
London, 1, 10, 17, 49, 82, 85,
159–160, 188, 194
India, 158, 170, 281, 310, 470,
639n15
Innocent of Korsun, Archbishop,
590
Innocent of Pskov, Archbishop, 28
Innocent (Veniaminoff) of Moscow,
628n15
Instruction in God’s Law (Smirnoff,
Peter), 156
intercession for persecuted Church
in Russia (1935), 272–273
Inter-Church Aid and Refugee
Service, 460
International Red Cross, 403
“In Thee rejoices” icon, 600
Iordan, Theodore Ivanovich, 30
Ireland, Orthodox parish in, 527,
356, 371, 527, 575, 593
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
692
Index
Iron Curtain, 312, 410, 537
Ironside, Edmund, General, 201
Isidore, Metropolitan, 138–139, 140,
151
Ivanoff, F. A., 196
Ivanoff, Philip, 203, 216, 217, 224
Ivanov, Alexander, 573
Ivanovsky, Stephen, Priest/Father,
11, 12, 15–18, 19, 615
Iveron Icon of the Mother of God,
543–544
Jacobite Church, 639n15
Jakimowicz, Nicholas, Protodeacon,
352p, 396, 449
James, Protosyncellus, 3, 5, 8, 9, 13
James, Tony, 461p
James (Virvos) of Apamaea, Bishop,
352p, 353p, 414
Japan, Orthodox mission in, 57,
120–121, 166
Japanese converts, London, 163
Jefferson, Thomas, 22, 43
Jeffimenko, Matushka Antonina
Mitrofanovna, 513p
Jefimenko, Sergei, Deacon/Father,
384p, 385, 400, 449
Jeremias, Priest-monk, 18, 615
Jerusalem, 69, 96, 120, 283, 284, 289,
305, 314, 358, 416, 511–512
Jerusalem, Patriarch of, 2, 5, 9, 10,
234
Jesuits, Metropolitan Arsenius and, 3
jingoism, 157, 629n4
John (Maximovitch) of Shanghai
and San Francisco,
Archbishop/St, 383–384, 411,
559, 614, 617, 636n2
Ambrose and, 454
and, 417, 418, 420p, 462
Emperor’s Gate and, 446, 455,
471
in England, 419–425, 425p, 431,
432, 438–439
Harvard Road and, 562, 577, 600,
614
Moscow Patriarchate and, 587
John of Kronstadt, Father/St, 177,
516, 588, 600, 631n17
John Paradise and Lucy Ludwell
of London and Williamsburg
(Shepperson), 20
John (Pommers) of Riga,
Archbishop, 530
Johnson, Samuel, 21
John (Yastrembsky), Priest-monk/
Father, 13, 14, 615
Jonah of Hankow (Jonah of
Manchuria), St, 600
Kadloubovsky, Evgeniya, 499–500,
503, 640n23–27
Kadloubovsky, S. V., 444
Kallistos (Ware), Bishop, 459, 480,
501, 534, 569, 570–571, 581,
601, 628n13, 637n10. See also
Ware, Timothy
Kaminsky-Parchikaloff, Alexei, 13,
17–18
Kanenari, Titus, 163
Kantemir, Antioch, Prince, 11, 13
Kasatkin, Nicholas, Priest-monk/
Archbishop, 57, 120, 163, 613,
624n2. See also Nicholas of
Japan
Kazan Chapel, 455p, 456p
Kazan Icon, 421, 637n15
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
Kazan Theological Academy, 335,
630n15
Keble, John, 92
Kempton Park, 323
Ken, Thomas, Bishop, 5
Kensal Green Cemetery, 53, 144
KGB, 543, 589, 634n3
Khaltygin, A. A., 440p, 448, 449,
459, 480
Kharkov Collegium, 31
Khativada, Victoria, 573
Khomiakov, Alexis, 55, 92, 94, 95,
109, 138, 626n1
Kiev Theological Academy, 18, 24,
630n15
King Edward Orthodox Trust, 529,
532
King’s College London, 155, 233,
259
Kireeff, General, 55, 134, 140, 180
Klein St Veit camp, 328
Kleinmichel, Count Wladimir, 193,
243, 346, 398, 418, 434–435,
439, 443, 452, 452p, 453p, 457p,
458, 510p, 513p, 514, 533,
638n24
Kleinmichel, Countess Marie
Georgievna, 452, 453p, 513p
Kleinmichel family, True Cross
fragment, 518
Knupffer, Alyosha, 449
Knupffer, George, 261, 310p, 323,
458p, 475p, 476p, 513p
Knupffer, Michael, 462p, 475p,
476p
Knupffer, Misha, 449
Kobrina, Anna, 585, 595
Kokovtseff, Vladimir, Count, 243
Kolatai, Paul, 526p
693
Kolchak, Alexander Vasilyevich,
Admiral, 194, 196, 197, 202,
203
Kolchinsky, Nicholas,
Protopresbyter, 340
Kolmsin, George, 170–171
Komarovsky, Evgraf, Count, 27, 30
Konevitz Monastery, 241
Koryagin, Anatoli, 543
Kostic, Milun, Father, 569, 586
Krasnopolsky, Dmitri, 453, 466p
Krasnov, General, 326
“Kremlinology,” 406
ktitor, 594–595
Kuban Cossacks in New York, 408
Kudinoff, A. I., Colonel, 408
“Kulak” families, 302, 634n5
Kurakin, Boris, Prince, 7, 8, 8p
Kurakin, Kyra, 536. See also Miller,
Kyra
Kursk Hermitage, 387, 641n2
Kursk icon, 205, 206
at Fischbek camp, 329p
at Harvard Road, 553, 554p, 593
Nikodem and, 421
tour of European parishes,
478–479
tours of England, 252, 274–275,
274p, 372, 457–459, 457p,
462p, 478
Troparion of, 639n10
Kushakoff, Pavel Grigorievitch, 213
Kvachadze, Sonia, 284
Kvitnitsky, Ivan, 31, 52, 66–68
Kyrill of San Francisco and Western
Europe, Archbishop, 586
Labarnova, Tamara, 513p
labour camps, 322, 326
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
694
Index
Latvian Orthodox Church, in
London, 397
Laurus, Metropolitan/Archbishop,
586, 589, 590, 591
Lazarus (Moore), Father/
Archimandrite, 358–359,
470–471, 473, 477, 616,
639n15
Lebedev, Alexander, Father/
Archpriest, 586, 590, 591
Legat, Nadine, 362, 636n6
Legat, Nicholas, 636n6
Lelioukhin, John Zakharievitch,
Father/Archpriest, 615
at London parish, 208–212, 216,
217, 219
228, 229, 233, 234
transfer to Florence, 239–240
Lenin, 299
Leonty of Geneva, Bishop, 376,
380p, 425p, 437
Lesna Convent, 417, 431, 432,
450–451, 502, 503, 512
“Let Us Who Represent the
Cherubim” (Molchanoff), 279
library, of London parish, 160, 357,
366, 438, 451–452, 638n25
Liddon, Henry Parry, 100
Lienz tragedy, 325–326, 408
Lieven, Christopher, Count, 46
Lieven, Leonid, Prince, 324–325
Lisitsin, Pavel, 583–585, 594–596,
642n7
Litkevich, Leonty Ivanovich, 31
Liturgy
before Cossacks’ repatriation, 326
at Catterick camp, 323
462, 581, 582
during Walsingham pilgrimage
(1954), 400
at Embassy church, 198, 199, 201,
210, 214
Emperor’s Gate and, 447, 549
in English, 124, 214, 359, 528, 533,
for the Russian Church (1935),
272–273
601
Nikodem and, 516–517
Old English, 9
Pan-Orthodox, 401–402, 465
248, 248p, 373
translated into Spanish, 171
von Meck and, 491
Ware and, 413–414
Liturgy and the Book of Needs
(Trebnik), 167
Liturgy of the Western OrthodoxCatholic Mass, The, 141
Litvinov, Maxim, 194
litya for Royal Family. See
Cenotaph, litya
Livanov, Vasily, 555
Living Church, 294, 296–297, 301,
634n2
Lizakevich, Vasily Grigorievich, 39,
41, 43, 45
Lodvill, Philip, 20, 622n4
Logvinenko, John, Protodeacon/
Father, 355, 380p, 381p
Logvinov, Euphemius, Father, 598
Lomako, Gregory, Archpriest, 215
London Embassy Church. See
Embassy church
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
London Russian Orthodox Parish
Community, 214, 221, 246–
247, 438
Lord, have mercy, Nathaniel
commentary on, 385–387
Low Church, 91, 627n8
Lubyanka prison, 326, 491
Ludwell, Philip, 12, 19–20, 622n3–4
Ludwell daughters, 19, 20, 21
Luke (Golovkov), Abbot, 598, 601
L’Union Chrétienne, 627n9
Mabin, Nicolas, 526p, 532p, 538,
545p, 554
Mackellar, Alan, 545p
Mackellar, Olga, 513p
Maclagan of York, William,
Archbishop, 176–177
Magdalen College, Oxford, 92, 93
Maikoff, Apollon Nikolaevich, 511
Makaroff, Peter Ivanovich, 27, 30
Maltseff, Alexei, Father, 15, 621n3
Manchester parish, 355, 356, 394,
397, 432, 527, 557, 544, 636n5
Mansur, Melvin, 291–292
Manukhina, Tatiana, 338, 635n5
Maria (Robinson), Mother, 358, 415,
637n11
Marie of Russia, Dowager Empress,
154, 159, 164, 167, 193,
632n11
Mark (Arndt) of Berlin, Germany,
and Great Britain, Bishop/
Archbishop, 538–540, 539p,
617
and, 580– 582
at Emperor’s Gate, 540–541,
541p, 545p, 549
695
561, 568–571, 574–575, 577,
585, 586, 594, 596, 598, 601
Moscow Patriarchate and, 591, 593
marriages. See also weddings
converts through, 34
mixed, 65, 161
parish records of, 28, 31, 157
in royal circles, 62
Mar Saba monastery, 289
Martemianoff, Antipa, Archpriest/
Father, 14–15, 615
Martha (Sprott), Sister, 358
Marx, Karl, 310p, 422, 634n7
Matafonov, Vitaly, 571, 573
Matthew of Wilno, Bishop, 351,
353p, 401–402, 406
Meaning of Icons, The (Ouspensky),
500, 640n25
membership register, London
parish, 212
Memorial Church in Brussels, 248
Memory of a Friend, In (Paul), 334
mental hospitals, in Orthodox
Review, 368–369
Mestchersky, Prince, 150, 161
Meyrick, Mark, Father, 466p,
473–478, 476p, 513p, 617. See
also David, Archimandrite
Michael of Boston, Bishop, 586
Mikhailovitch, Alexander, Duke, 454
Mikhailovna, Ekaterina, Grand
Duchess, 64
Milkovo Monastery, 358, 391
Millennium Commission, 564–566
Millennium of Russian Christianity,
544, 545p, 566, 588. See also
Baptism of Russia
Miller, Boris, 535–536, 642n4
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
696
Index
Miller, George, 536–537, 537p, 545p,
554, 642n4
Miller, Kyra, 535, 545p. See also
Kurakin, Kyra
Minister and the Massacres, The
(Tolstoy), 542
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
Russian Empire, 28, 58, 59,
60, 80, 82, 84, 88, 151, 154, 165,
198, 621n2
embassy chaplains employed by,
60–61, 154, 198
missionary centres, in England 475,
533
missionary activities
in Americas, India, and Spain,
168–174
in England, 113–135
in Japan, 120–121, 166
Smirnoff and, 165–168
Moghila, Peter, 19, 622n4
Moisseyevsky, George, Father/
Priest-monk, 384p, 385, 394,
395, 616
Molchanoff, Boris, Archpriest, 616
leaving England and death of, 290
in parish at Meudon, France,
267–270
as rector of London parish, 268p,
270–272, 274p
writings of, 277–280
moleben, 64
Monastery of Stavronikita, 501
Monastery of St Job of Pochaev,
in Ladomirova, 310, 329, 335
in Munich, 336, 387, 540, 636n4,
642n8
Monastery of St John the
Theologian, 414
Monastery of the Holy Trinity and
St Sergius, 293, 631n23, 640n20
monastic services, 260, 399, 462
monastic singing, 438
monasticism, 55, 96, 104, 240, 256,
393–394, 497
Montenegro, 151, 158
Montesanto, Spyridon, Father, 36
Morcher, Winifred Mary, 476p
Morengeim, Artur Pavlovitch,
Baron, 158
Moscow Church Council, 195, 196,
198, 200, 204, 209, 217, 244,
474, 624n1
Moscow Patriarchate
Evlogy and, 338–339
Harvard Road and, 596, 597
parish of, in London, 339–341,
351, 406, 433, 436
reconciliation with, 587–594
regarded as official Russian
Church, 466
Soviet regime and, 337–338, 416,
417, 436
St Philip’s Church and, 637n10
Moscow Patriarchate’s Diocese of
Sourozh, 593
Moscow Theological Academy, 18,
252, 293, 598
Mother of God
Dormition of (See Dormition of
the Mother of God)
icons of, 16, 145, 444, 446, 461,
598, 638n17, 641n33
Iveron Icon of, 543, 544
Kursk icon of (See Kursk icon)
Polsky and, 303
Smolensk Icon of, 145, 163, 446
“Unburned Bush,” 423, 638n17
8/19/2014 3:11:03 PM
Index
veneration of, 8–9, 303
Walsingham, miraculous
appearance at, 400
Mother of God of the Life-giving
Spring, chapel, 285
Mouravieff, 55, 134
Mouravieff Fund, 167
Mt Athos, 446, 532, 543. See also
Holy Mountain
Muñoz, Jose, 543, 641n6
Myrrh-Bearing Women, icon of, 163
Mystery of Iniquity, The
(Molchanoff), 277
Nabokov, Constantine, 193, 194
Nagaieff, Nikolai Vasilievitch, 389.
See also Nikodem (Nagaieff)
Napoleonic wars, 33, 44–46, 48–49
Nashdom Abbey, 252, 255, 273,
633n1
Nathaniel (Lvov), Archimandrite/
Father/Bishop, 281, 309,
387–388, 616
as Bishop of Brussels/Western
Europe, 343, 344, 352p,
353p, 355–356, 364, 376,
378, 380p, 381p
as Bishop of Preston/The Hague,
384–385, 384p, 385, 387
Fischbek camp and, 328–335,
328p, 329p
National Alliance of Russian
Solidarists (NTS), 407, 642n4
Naumenko, V., General, 408
Nazis, 322, 491, 635n4
Neale, John Mason, 96–102, 115,
143, 144, 174, 626n3
Nectarius of Jerusalem, Patriarch,
19
697
Nesselrode, Count, 59, 62, 63, 625n4
Nesselrode, Helen, 625n4
Nestor of Kamchatka, Archbishop,
280–285, 282p, 283p, 309, 310,
400
Newman, John Henry, 92
New Martyrs, 192, 204, 215, 520,
530, 550, 588, 589, 590
New Martyrs of Russia, The (Polsky),
291
Neyman, Andrew, 558, 642n8
Nicanor of Smolensk, Bishop, 178
Nicanor (Troitsky), Archimandrite,
523p, 525, 526, 542, 617. See
also Troitsky, Nicholas
Nicholas I, Emperor, 59, 62–63, 80,
625n12
Nicholas II, Emperor/Tsar-Martyr,
224, 237, 248, 323, 389, 412,
446, 514, 613, 623n9, 629n5. See
also Alexandrovitch, Nicholas
Nicholas (Karpoff), Bishop/
Archimandrite/Father,
251–252, 616
consecration as Bishop of
London, 251p, 254–257,
256p
death and testament of, 263–265
London parish and, 257–262,
258p, 260p
spiritual portrait of, 262–263
Nicholas of Japan. See Kasatkin,
Nicholas
Nicholas of Montenegro, Prince, 164
Nicholas of Myra, Holy Hierarch,
icon, 264
Nicholas (Velimirovic) of Ochrid,
Serbian Bishop, 201, 215, 217,
401, 419, 614, 631n, 4614
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
698
Index
Nicholas of the Aleutians and Alaska,
Bishop, 152, 155–156, 168
Nikodem (Nagaieff), Archbishop/
Archimandrite/Bishop
Alexis and, 526
at Cenotaph litya, 513p
Church typicon and, 636n4
consecration as Bishop of
Preston, 425–431, 425p
and, 415, 418, 462, 462p
ecumenism and, 464–470
Emperor’s Gate and, 446,
447–458, 446p, 450p, 458p,
466p
impressions of (Ware), 412–415
at Kazan Chapel, 455p, 456p
last years/repose of, 514–523,
514p, 523p, 525, 580
life before coming to England,
389–392
Maximovitch and, 419, 421, 425p,
432
missionary goals and, 470–474
Moisseyevsky and, 395
move to Podvoria, 434–437,
439–441, 440p
Palmer and, 496, 498
panagia and, 641n33
parish/diocese under, 392–403, 392p
Russian community and, 411
spiritual influences, 390–392
Walsingham and, 474, 475p, 476p
Nikolaevich, Alexander, Grand
Duke, 63
Nikolaevich, Constantine, Grand
Duke, 63
Nikolaevna, Maria, Grand Duchess,
64
Nikolai of Krutitsa, Metropolitan,
338, 339, 340, 437
Nikolayevna, Maria, 209
Nikolich, Miloje, Archpriest/Father,
367, 401, 447, 459, 460
Nikon (Rklitsky), Patriarch/
Archbishop, 238, 252, 478–483,
514, 639n18–19
Nikon, Father (of Mt Athos),
497–499, 501, 504, 640n28
Niphont, Hieromonk/Priest-monk,
52, 56, 615
Nomikos, Simon, Deacon, 2, 3, 4,
6–7, 13
Non-Jurors, 3–7, 8–10, 12, 13, 626n3
North, Frederick, Lord/Earl of
Guilford, 34–38, 39, 43, 623n7
North Russian Association,
230–231, 230p, 268p
Norwood, Douglas, 562, 563, 566,
568, 574, 577, 583
Nottingham parish, 454, 475, 527, 544
Novikoff, Olga, 140, 142, 146, 196
Obolensky, Valerian, Prince, 351
ode to Catherine the Great (North),
623n7
Œcumenical Patriarchate, 338, 351
Old Catholic Church, 137, 142, 184
Olga, Queen of Greece, 167, 221p
Omsk, Bishop of, 195
Omsk government, 194, 196, 197
Optina hermitage, 55, 294
Order of St Anne, 58, 81, 151, 156
Order of St Savva, 164
Orloff, George, 270, 290, 315
Orloff, Marie Louise, 315
Orloff, Nicolas Vasilievich, 17,
155–156, 164, 189, 629n3
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
Index
Orloff, Nikolai Alekseyevitch,
Prince, 60, 147, 151
Orloff, Peter, 315p
Orthodox Catholic Review, The
(Overbeck), 137
Orthodox Chronicle, 474, 477
Orthodox Church
as division of Catholic Church of
Christ, 91–92
Estonian, 397, 402, 447
Finnish, 240–241
Japanese, 57, 120–121
Latvian, 397, 402, 497
Polish, 285, 351, 363, 396, 635n4
Russian (See Russian Orthodox
Church)
Orthodox Church, The, 414
Orthodox Confession (Moghila), 19,
622n4
Orthodox Messenger, 385
Orthodox Missionary Society, 167
Orthodox Mission in America, 156
Orthodox Review, 364–372, 374–375,
385
Orthodoxy
Anglican movement toward,
91–113
Committee of the Anglican
and Eastern Churches
Association and, 233
Eastern rite, 139, 143
Old Catholics uniting to,
142–143, 457
Western rite, 135–143
Ostarbeiter, 322, 329
Ottoman Empire, 40, 587
Overbeck, Catherine, 137
Overbeck, Joseph Julian, 19,
135–143, 146, 628n13
699
Oxford Movement, 92, 96, 103, 107
Palestine, 415–418. See also Holy
Land
Palladius, Metropolitan/Bishop of
Ladoga, 151
Palmer, Elizabeth, 498, 500, 502, 504
Palmer, Gerald Eustace Howell,
358, 443, 496–505, 497p, 510p
Palmer, William, 56, 92–96, 102,
112, 114, 116–119, 128
Palmerston, Lord, 59, 61
Pan-Diaspora Council, 530
panikhida, 63
Pan-Orthodox centre, 468
Pan-Orthodox services, 401, 402,
465, 466
Paradise, John, 20–22, 39, 41–44
Paradise, Lucy, 21–22, 39, 44
Paradise, Peter, 20
Parish Council
early parish life and, 196, 197,
198–200, 210, 214
Emperor’s Gate and, 439, 549
Evlogy and, 224, 242
Harvard Road and, 554, 555–558,
571, 595, 596
ktitor and, 595
Lelioukkhin and, 209
Pascha at St Mary-le-Bow, 208
Polsky and, 344, 345, 347
Rankin and, 214
rectors and, 248–249, 251
Russian refugees and, 203, 211, 212
242, 244, 343
St Philip’s Church and, 219, 222
Vitaly and, 345–346, 542
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
700
Index
parish registers, early, 11–12, 16–18,
20, 33–34
Parliament, 30, 37, 40, 41, 109, 155,
220
Pascha
calendar and, 279
Grand Duchess Xenia and, 399
at St Philip’s 1955, 434
at St Mark’s, 440p
at the Podvoria, 354, 361
at Welbeck Street, 208
Pasha, Ali, 131–132, 628n16
passports, 213, 213p, 249, 251, 633n8
Patriarchal Cathedral at Ennismore
Gardens, 597
Patriarchal Cathedral clergy, 466,
585, 586, 593, 594, 601
Patriarchal Throne, 99, 337, 587,
634n4
Patronal Festival of the Dormition,
421, 448, 574
Paul, Archbishop of Australia/
Hierodeacon, 334, 353p,
356–357, 358, 360, 376, 380p,
381p, 641n3
Paul I, Emperor of Russia, 24, 44–45
Pavlovich, Mikhail, Grand Duke, 63
Pavlovna, Anna, Queen, 65–66
Perott, Dr B., 319–320, 320p
Perott, Mstislav, 311, 319, 320p,
446p, 449
Perott, N. M., 346
persecution of Church in Russia,
228, 242, 252, 272–273, 285,
291, 293, 338, 590
Pesiakoff, George Dimitrievitch,
398, 441
Pesiakoff, T. D., 346
Peter I, King of Serbia, 164
Peter II, King of Yugoslavia, 401
Peter the Great, 2, 7–8, 14, 55, 244,
621n11, 624n1
Petrograd, 194, 198, 200, 215, 240,
632n5
Philaret (Drozdov) of Moscow,
93–94, 99, 128, 149, 613
Anglicans and, 104, 111, 112, 113,
628n10
Philaret (Voznesensky) of New
York, Metropolitan, 457, 466,
512, 514, 526, 538
England visit (1965) by, 457–
460, 457p, 458p, 461p, 462p
Philaretos of Demotikes, Greek
Bishop, 215
Philipova, Tatiana Kharalampievna,
452–453
Phillips, Andrew, Father, 596, 601
Philokalia, The, 498–501, 503, 504
Philothei of Germany, Bishop/
Archbishop, 425p, 540, 635n5
Photios of Alexandria, Patriarch,
235, 237
Photius of Constantinople,
Patriarch, 105
pilgrimages, 400, 421–422, 485–488,
534. See also Walsingham
Pitt, William, 40, 42
Platon, Metropolitan, 103
Platon of Kiev, Metropolitan,
175–176
Platon (Rudnieff), Bishop, 301, 614
Pleshcheyev, Aleksey, 47
Pobedonostseff, Constantine, 149,
152, 175, 178, 179
Pobjoy, Angus, Brother, 466p. See
also Alexis (Pobjoy)
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
Index
Pochaev Lavra, 329, 335
Podvoria
English-language services at, 475,
528, 533, 542
Harvard Road and, 555, 556,
557p, 560–561, 567, 597
Kursk icon and, 274p, 275, 553
Nicholas (Karpoff) and, 259p,
206–261, 257–260, 265
Nikodem and, 399, 433, 438, 439,
441, 451, 475, 519
Polsky and, 306, 317
Vitaly and, 344p, 345, 354, 358,
359, 362, 363p, 375, 376
Podvoria chapel, 261p, 262p, 380p,
398, 515
Pokrov icon, 44, 445p, 586p
Poland, 42–43, 331, 347, 351, 494,
635n4
Polejaieff, A. M., 127–128, 130
Poliakoff, Vladimir, Archpriest,
248–249, 251, 633n8
Polish Orthodox Church, 351, 396,
402, 406, 418, 635n4
Polsky, Michael, Archpriest, 291–
292, 292p, 339, 341, 435, 616
Catterick camp visit by, 323–324
departure from London, 346–347
life in Russia, 292–305
London parish and, 284, 305–310,
310p
in memory of, 315–320
World War II and, 311–315,
314p, 315p
Popoff, Basil Evgenievitch, Priest,
122, 143–147, 151, 152, 163,
615, 628n12
701
Popoff, Eugene (Evgeny),
Archpriest, 615
Church of England and, 91,
102–106, 111–113
Crimean War prisoners and,
69–81
Eastern Church Association and,
100, 132
at Embassy Church, 51, 57–69
English-language liturgy and,
122–124
Hatherly and, 114–115, 120, 121,
122, 143
last years, 143–144
Overbeck and, 135–137, 140, 143
rebuilding at Welbeck Street,
81–86, 625n13
Tolstoy (Alexander) and,
113–114, 116–117
Wolverhampton mission and,
125, 127, 131
Popoff, Nicholas, Archpriest, 355,
356, 456, 458, 459, 460, 461p,
462p, 516
“Popish Plot” of 1678, 621n10
Popovic, Justin, Father, 540
Portland, Duke of, 49, 50, 83,
624n11
Potekhin, Colonel, 198p, 210
Pozzo di Borgo, Count, 59
prisoners of war
Crimean, 68–81, 422
Russian, in England, 321–322,
323–325
Prosalendis, George, 35–38
Protasoff, Count, 56, 93, 94, 96, 102
Protestantism, 5, 91–92, 139, 303,
627n8
Protestants, 133, 146, 168, 255
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
702
Index
Protopopov, Michael, Archpriest/
Father, 359, 551, 553, 641n3
Provisional Government in Russia,
193–194, 213
psalm-readers, 17, 31
psalomshchik, 17, 31, 400, 449, 625n6
Pskov Caves Monastery, 555, 563
Pskov church architecture, 554–555,
556, 562–563, 565–566, 573
Purvis, Ludmilla, 545p
Pusey, Edward, 92, 105–106, 115,
627n4
Rabenek, Lev, 349, 405
Ralli Brothers, 34
Rankin, Eugène De L’Hoste, 214
Raphael (Hawaweeny), Bishop, 171,
613, 630n15
Ratushinskaya, Irina, 536p, 542–543,
541n5
Red Army, 191, 204–205, 326, 329,
347, 491, 633n7, 635n2
Red Cross. See International Red
Cross, Russian Red Cross
refugee camps, 201, 208, 339, 354,
405. See also Fischbek camp
refugee aid organizations, 211, 395
refugees, Russian. See also
emigrants/emigration,
immigrants
Chesham House and, 232
children as, 211–212
(1920), 203–207
farm/factory distribution in
England, 350
from Russian Revolution, 192, 194
homeless, 212, 404
in London parish, 197, 200, 202
medical aid for, 229–230
repatriation (See repatriation to
Soviet Union, Fischbek
camp)
Soviet interest in, 352–353, 409
worldwide dispersion, 346–347,
383, 387
Refugees Relief Association. See
Russian Refugees Relief
Association
relics, 16, 366, 469, 631n22
in foundation stone, Harvard
Road, 569
St Alban, 534
St Savva, 289
St Edward, 528, 530, 533,
Religious Life of London, The, 157
repatriation to Soviet Union, 321,
323, 326, 328, 330–333, 343,
351, 408–410, 641n1. See also
Lienz tragedy
Report to the 1938 Assembly of
the Russian Church Abroad
(Polsky), 292
Richardson, Athanasius, 122, 628n13
Riley, Athelstan, 176, 219, 221, 632n8
Rites and Ceremonies of the Greek
Church in Russia, The, 167
Rites for Uniting Those of Other
Faiths to the Orthodox Church,
The (Smirnoff), 167, 168
ROA (Russkaya Osvoboditel’naya
Armiya), 322
ROCOR Commission, 590, 642n5
Rodzianko, Manya, 284
Romaikos, 622n12
Roman Catholic Church
as division of Catholic Church of
Christ, 91–92
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
Index
doctrine of papal infallibility, 137
in England, 91
Overbeck and, 135, 137, 141
Palmer (William) and, 94–95
Pan-Orthodox centre and, 468
“Popish Plot” of 1678 and, 621n10
relation to Orthodoxy, 168, 178,
303, 371, 400, 466
Romania, 158, 224, 249, 633n8
Romanoff, Andrei Alexandrovich,
Prince, 345p, 514
Romanoff, Nina, Princess, 221p
Romanoff, Xenia, Princess, 314p.
See also Alexandrovna, Xenia
Rossianin, 351, 405
Royal Martyrs, 412, 514, 546, 573,
585, 588, 589, 600. See also
Cenotaph litya
Rudakoff, Mr and Mrs, 409
Runciman, Stephen, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8,
621n5–8, 622n14
Russia
Baptism of, 175, 309, 545p, 546p
Black Sea Clauses and, 142–143
Crimean War. See Crimean War
food and agriculture in, 47
London parish life and, 197, 202,
210
Palmer (William) visits to, 92, 93
persecution of Russian Churches
in, 228
Polsky and, 292–305, 308–309
Revolution/Civil War (See
Russian Revolution)
Russian Academic Group, 229
Russian Army and Navy
Ex-servicemen’s Mutual
Provident Association, 229
703
Russian Army of Liberation. See ROA
Russian Benevolent Society 1917, 403
Russian Centre, 404, 406–407, 408,
409, 410, 451
Russian Charity Organization of
Great Britain, 228–229
Russian church, oldest in Western
Europe, 621n1
Russian Church Abroad. See also
Church in Exile, Russian
Orthodox Church
Anastassy and, 339
Arndt and, 538, 539
beginnings in evacuation of
southern Russia, 203
clergy distribution post-World
War II, 383, 346–347
Constantine and, 530, 538
ecumenism and, 235, 465, 466
Fischbek as cradle of, 334
Harvard Road and, 600, 601, 602
Iveron Icon and, 544
Kursk icon and, 274
Maximovitch and, 419, 425, 559
Molchanoff and, 270
national identity and, 351
Nikon’s description of Church in
England, 478–483
Patriarchal election (1943) and,
337
Polsky and, 305, 339, 343–344
reconciliation with Moscow
Patriarchate, 587–593
representing Orthodoxy in
England (1950s), 402, 406,
431–432
schism in Western Europe,
242–246, 436–437
Serbian Orthodox and, 456, 457
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
704
Index
Russian Church Administration
Abroad, 216
Russian Churches and Other
Institutions Abroad (Maltseff),
15, 621n3
Russian Church in Berlin, 15, 492
Russian Church in India, 639n15
Russian church music, 269p
Russian clergy, first in London, 14–18
Russian dissident movement,
534–537
Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in
Jerusalem, 305, 512
Russian Embassy. See also Embassy
church, Imperial Embassy,
Soviet Embassy
Paradise and, 39, 41, 43, 44
Revolution in Russia and,
193–194, 221
Smirnove and, 39, 41, 43, 44
Woronzow and, 39–44
Russian Empire, 190, 193,
Russian Federation, 570, 585, 589, 602
Russian government (Imperial).
diplomatic presence in London
(1890s), 160
establishment of Orthodox
churches outside Russia, 1
Orloff and, 155
support of Church in London, 1,
7–8, 10, 16, 84
Russian Government Committee, 189
Russian House, 232, 245, 411
Russian in England, The, 274, 281,
308, 309
Russian Labour Bureau, 211
Russian language news service, 406
Russian Orthodox Church. See also
Orthodoxy
missionary activities in England,
113–135, 476–477 (See
also Brotherhood of St
Seraphim)
Peter the Great and, 7–8, 55,
revival in mid-nineteenth
century, 55, 149
Russian Orthodox Church Outside
Russia, 559, 573, 628n15
Russian Orthodox Church Outside
Russia Commission, 590
Russian Red Cross, 156, 229, 232,
403, 452, 597
Russian Refugees Relief Association,
345, 349–350, 354, 403, 404p,
407, 410
Russian Refugees’ Self-help
Association in Great Britain,
229
Russian Relief Committee, 211
Russian Relief Fund (for Great
Britain), 229
Russian Revolution, 191–194, 222,
277, 407, 497, 587. See also
Bolsheviks
Russki Ochag, 404
Russo-Japanese War, 163
Sablin, Eugene Vasilievich, 194, 196,
224, 232, 244, 411, 417
Sackville College, 96, 97
Samborsky, Andrew, Archpriest/
Reader/Father, 18, 20, 23p,
23–25, 28, 31, 615
samizdat writings, 535, 537, 641n1
Samuel of Alexandria, Patriarch,
3, 10
Savchenko, Nikolay, Father/Priest,
591, 600, 602, 617
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
Index
Savitcheva, Catherine Ivanovna,
213, 213p
Savva, Archbishop, 285, 314p, 344,
345p, 351, 352p, 353p, 396
Sawicz, John, Father/Archpriest,
396, 418, 506, 617
Sazonoff, Sergei Dimitrievitch, 159,
171, 174
schism in Western Europe, 242–248,
433, 436
Scholts, Gherman Alexandrovitch,
161
Schtipakin, Dmitri, 440p, 444,
445p
Schukin, Sergei, Father, 347, 348p,
355, 357, 380p, 395
“second emigration,” 321. See also
emigrants/emigration
secret Church, 301, 302, 468–469
Self-help Association for Refugees
from North Russia, 229
Semeonov, Mikhail Ivanovich, 555,
562–564
Senyavich, James, 621n11
Seraphima, Abbess/Mother, 423,
575, 577, 578–582
Seraphim (Lade), Metropolitan, 329,
383
Seraphim (Lukianov)
as Bishop of Finland, 210, 222,
239–242, 247–249, 251
as Bishop/Metropolitan of Paris
and Western Europe, 254,
267, 270, 272–277, 274p,
339, 616
Seraphim of Sarov, St, 419, 435, 474,
486–487, 533, 600
Seraphim (Scuratov), Abbot, 533,
541–542, 545p, 557
705
Serbia, 151, 158, 164, 347, 530
Nicholas (Karpoff) from,
251–252
Russian refugees in, 201, 203, 211,
230
Serbian Orthodox Church, 358,
432, 447, 456–457, 468, 533,
540, 569, 586, 587, 601. See also
Nicholas (Karpoff)
clergy helping in London parish,
264, 376, 401, 421
Sergius (Stragorodsky),
587, 590, 634n4
Shepherd, 528, 531, 533
Shepperson, Archibald Bolling, Dr,
20, 21, 44, 622n4
Sherrard, Philip, 501, 640n28
Shevtel, Moishe, 162
Shipounov, F., 543
Shkuro, General, 326
Short Account of the Historical
Development and Present
Position of Russian Orthodox
Missions, A (Smirnoff), 166,
630n10
Siberia
concentration camps in, 322, 328,
409, 489
Imperial government in, 194, 202
Nestor and, 281, 282
refugees from 207, 230
Russian Church in, 215
Simon of Kremenetz, Bishop, 254
Sisterhood of St Xenia, 223–224,
228, 259, 421, 451, 452
Situation of the Church in Soviet
Russia, The (Polsky), 347
Slavophile policy, political, 59
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
706
Index
Slavophile school, theology, 55, 149
SMERSH interrogation centre, 328,
635n2
Smirnoff, Eugene, Father/
Archpriest, 615
contact with Anglicans, 174–184
death of, 225, 228
Embassy church and, 2, 149–165
London parish and, 195–202
London parish and church
hierarchy and, 215–217
Orthodox missions in Americas/
India/Spain and, 168–174
Orthodox in other countries and,
165–168
St Mary-le-Bow Church and,
202, 208, 215
St Philip’s Church and, 222, 223
at Welbeck Street, 131, 147,
632n11
World War I and, 184–190
Smirnoff, Peter, Archbishop, 156
Smirnove, Ivan, 29, 32
Smirnove, James, Father/
Archpriest, 27–31, 615, 623n1
as agricultural expert, 46–47
blindness and death of, 51–53
Crisis of 1791 and, 39–44
as diplomat, 29, 44–46
financial concerns, 29, 48
Kvitnitsky and, 66
North and, 34–38, 623n7
Paradise and, 39–44
pectoral cross and, 624n9
recognitions for, 48
Russian Church community in
London and, 31–34
at Welbeck Street, 48–51
Woronzow and, 28, 33, 39–44
Smolensk, 145, 178, 212. See also
Mother of God
Sobor, 194, 242, 244–245, 280, 339,
466, 530, 588, 590, 596, 639n8
sobornaya, 244, 245
sobornost, 556
sobornoye, 464
Sofronov, Pimen, 530
soleas, 444, 445, 638n4
Solodovnikoff, Simeon, Archpriest,
267, 616
Soloukhin, Vladimir, 562
Soloviev, Vladimir, 278
Solovki, prison camp, 299–301
Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 322,
534–535, 535p
“Sorrowful Epistles” (Voznesensky),
466
Sourozhsky, Antony, 592. See also
Anthony (Bloom)
Soviet concentration camps, 299,
322, 328, 543
Soviet interference in Russian
Church. See also schism in
Western Europe
inside Russia, 228, 294, 357, 436
(See also Living Church)
outside Russia, 336–341, 587
(See also Moscow
Patriarchate)
Soviet Embassy, 352–353, 409, 422,
536p
Soviet Russia
Anthony (Bloom) and, 592
Cossacks and (See Cossacks)
dissident movement, 534–537
Gorbachev and, 588–589
Israel and, 417
Koryagin and, 543
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
Index
Ministry of Internal Affairs
(MVD), 410
old émigrés nostalgia for, 339, 351
Polsky and, 292–305
Provisional Government and,
193–194
repatriation to (See repatriation to
Soviet Union)
Rudakoffs and, 409–410
Russian refugees and, 352–353,
409–410
Soviet Nationals, 322
Soviet Union dissolved, 589
St John of Kronstadt and, 588
Sowells, Natalie, 561, 574
Spain, Orthodox mission plans for,
170–174
Spaulding Foundation, 258
Speransky, John, Deacon/Father,
146, 152
Stafford Assizes, 132, 628n17
Stalin, Joseph, 321, 322–323, 337,
338, 406, 485, 490
stanitsa, 292
Stanley, Arthur, 104, 627n8
State of the Church in the Soviet
Union, The (Polsky), 292
State Political Directorate (GPU),
634n3
St Alban’s Cathedral, 534
St Alexander Nevsky Lavra, 52
St Edward Brotherhood, 532, 533,
541, 544, 592, 596
St Elizabeth’s Church, 601
St Giles Cripplegate, 597
St Giles-in-the-Fields, 597
St Gregory parish, 531, 533
St Mark of Ephesus and the Florentine
Union (Ambrose), 454
707
St Mary-le-Bow Church, 202, 208,
214, 215, 219, 220
St Pancras Cemetery, 12–13, 14
St Petersburg Seminary, 151, 234
St Petersburg Spiritual Consistory, 67
St Petersburg Theological Academy,
58, 144, 150, 153, 208, 233, 595
St Philip’s Church
Cheremetieff at, 395p
demolition of, 434–435
Emperor’s Gate receiving sacred
objects from, 445
London parish at, 219–225, 220p,
221p
Maximovitch and, 421
Nicholas (Karpoff) and, 254,
256p, 257, 260p
Nikodem and, 402, 465, 471–472
parish life at, 228, 231, 237, 241,
275, 309, 433, 439
Polsky and, 309, 311–312, 314p
Refugees Relief Association and,
354
246–247, 637n10
Vitaly and, 376, 381p, 433
Ware and, 412–415
St Seraphim’s Church, 473p
St Sergius Theological Institute,
228, 243, 267, 530
St Zossima hermitage, 294
Straits Convention of 1840, 59
Stratoulias, Constantine,
Archimandrite, 100
Strokovsky, John, Deacon, 153–154
Struve, Gleb, 38, 44
Stukacz, John, Father, 512
Sukhonik, Captain, 224
summer camps, 233, 259–260
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
708
Index
Supreme Administration of the
Russian Church Abroad, 207,
242–243
Supreme Church Administration
of South Russia, 205, 206, 215,
216
Survey of the Russian Empire
According to its Newly
Regulated State (Pleshcheyev),
47–48
Susanna, Sister, 461. See also
Seraphima, Abbess
Suscenko, Alexander, 532p
Suscenko, John, Father, 515–516,
521, 526, 533, 536p, 541, 545p,
549, 554, 557, 617
Symeon, St, 35
Synod
appointment of Constantine, 530
Nikodem and, 387, 425, 432, 512,
525, 528
Synod in Yugoslavia, 240, 242,
246, 339
Synod of Bishops, 243, 355, 383,
387, 419, 455, 478, 512, 514
Synod of Bishops of the Russian
Church Abroad, 237
Synodal Cathedral, New York, 526,
540
Synodal Commission on the
Western Rite, 140, 143
synodal system, 55, 184, 628n11
Syrigos, Meletios, 35
Syro-Chaldean Church in India, 170
Sytnik, Afanasy, 525
Temporary Church Administration,
216
Theodore, Hierodeacon, 356, 376
Theodore (Golitsin), Archbishop,
334–336
Theodosius of Novgorod,
Archbishop, 9
Theodossy of Sao Paolo and Brazil,
Archbishop, 375, 381
Theokritoff, Vladimir, Bishop/
Deacon/Father, 154, 155, 189,
196, 222, 223, 224, 233, 248, 339
Theophan of Kursk, Bishop/
Archbishop, 252, 254, 264
Theophan the Recluse, St, 500
Theotokis, Nicephorus, 20, 623n5
Third Reich, 321, 492
Thomson, James, 83–86, 626n15
Tikhon of Berlin, Bishop, 254
Tikhon, Patriarch, 156, 614, 630n14
Church in Exile and, 194, 205,
216, 240, 244, 245, 587
Patriarchal Throne after, 337
Polsky and, 293, 294, 299
Timofeevna, Parasceva, 461p
Timofeyeff, Vasily Tikhonovitch,
154–155, 189, 190, 196, 233,
239–240, 247, 248, 616
To London (Nathaniel), 388
Tolstoy, Alexander Petrovitch,
Count, 64, 102–103, 113–121
Tolstoy-Miloslavsky, Andrei, Count,
552, 554, 555, 562
Tolstoy, Dimitry, Count, 65, 112,
122–123, 137–138, 143
Tolstoy, Nikolai, Count, 321, 323,
324, 327, 408, 513p, 542, 641n1
Tolstoy, Yuri, Count, 125, 128
Towle, Eleanor, 97
Toyne, Daniel, 528
Tractarian movement, 92, 115. See
also Oxford movement
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
Index
Treaty of San Stefano, 158, 176
Treaty of Tilsit, 46, 48
Troitsky, Nicholas, Father, 454–455,
457, 459, 462p, 466p, 472,
475p, 476p. See also Niconor
(Troitsky)
“Troitsky’s Workshop,” 300
Trotsky, Leon, 191
Troyanoff, Igor, Father, 344–345
Tserkovna Byulleten (Church
Bulletin), 516
Tserkovnaya Zhizn, 272
tserkovnik, 31, 625n6
Turgenev, Alexander Ivanovich, 30
Turkevitch, Leonid, Reverend, 169,
630n14
Turkey, 32, 39–40, 63, 81, 158, 207
Turkish Empire, 59, 69, 81, 99
Tver Theological Seminary, 58
“Two Orthodox Englishment of the
18th Century” (Struve), 38
typicon, 189, 199, 349, 394, 423,
636n4
Ukraine, 25, 58, 203, 322, 351, 557
Ukrainian Autocephalous Church,
351
“Unburned Bush” icon, 423,
638n17
underground Church, 302. See also
secret Church
Understanding our Church Calendar,
278
United Kingdom. See England/
United Kingdom
United Kingdom Deanery, 355, 375
United States
Church life in, 431
Molchanoff in, 290
709
Orthodox Mission in, 156, 166,
168–169
Paradise and, 21, 22, 43
University of London, 233
Urals Cossack Choir, 271p
Uspensky, Nicholas, Father/Priest,
359–360, 376, 616
Uspensky, Paul, 360
Vadkovsky, Anthony, Archbishop
of Finland/Metropolitan of St
Petersburg, 151, 153, 167, 170,
179, 183, 184
Valaam Monastery, 240, 500
Vasilievsky, Ivan, 15, 18
Vassilisin, Anatoly, 241, 259, 261,
267, 632n3, 638n24
Vatford, Mikhail, 585
veneration
of icons, 9
of Mother of God, 8–9, 303
Veselovsky, Constantine, Father/
Archpriest, 164, 196, 215, 216,
217, 233–234, 248, 615
Victims of Yalta, The (Tolstoy), 321
Victoria, Queen, 63, 145, 151, 152,
156, 157, 176, 179, 183, 631n18
Victor (Jankovich), Father, 456–457,
466p, 513p, 639n9, 617
Vidov Dan, 421, 432
Vikentia, Mother, 582
Vilde, Vladimir, 543
Vilgerts, Vladimir, Archpriest, 617
Vinogradoff, Basil (Vassily),
Protopresbyter/Father,
248–249, 249p
Vitaly (Maximenko),
Archimandrite/Archbishop,
329, 343, 347, 635n1
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
710
Index
Vitaly (Oustinow), Archimandrite/
Bishop/Archbishop/
Metropolitan, 328–336, 329p,
538, 542, 616
Anastassy/Kursk icon and,
372–374
as Bishop of Montevideo, 375,
376–378, 380p, 381p, 381,
383
at Fischbek camp, 328–336
344p, 353–363, 353p, 363p,
433–434, 451
as Metropolitan, 538, 542, 543p,
544
Orthodox Review and, 364–372
Palmer and, 498
Vladimir, St, 309, 411, 544
Vladimir (Bogoyavlensky),
Metropolitan/St, 151, 153, 184,
204, 215, 614
Vladimir of Kronstadt, Bishop, 152,
153
Vladimirovna, Elena, Grand
Duchess, 274
Vlasov, Andrey, General, 322, 407
Voi-Peres, Vincent, Spanish
General, 171
Volkoff-Muromtsev, Barbara, 349
Volkovsky, Foka Feodorovitch,
154–155, 189, 292p, 346, 376,
400, 449, 634n1
Volokevitch, T. A., 451
Volossevich, George, 554, 558
Volossevich, Liubov, 395p
Voluntary Workers, 349, 354
Volunteer Army, 206, 293, 407
von Meck, Galina Nikolaeyevna,
350, 483–496, 483p
von Pannwitz, Helmuth, General,
322, 326, 327
Vovniuk, Joseph, Father, 557
Vozrozhdeniye (Rebirth), 422
Walsingham. See also Brotherhood
of St Seraphim
clergy at, 384p
pilgrimages to, 283p, 400–401,
474, 476p
Wanley, Humphrey, 3–4
War and Peace (Tolstoy), 338
War Charities Act 1916, 229
Ware, Timothy, 412–415, 637n10.
See also Kallistos (Ware)
Wassilieff, Joseph, Archpriest/
Father, 105–111, 122, 627n9,
628n13
Watford, Michael, 585
Webb, Benjamin, 96, 97, 98, 100, 101
weddings. See also marriages
of Chavchavadze/Romanoff,
221p
of Duke of Edinburgh/
Alexandrovna, 145
of Galitzine/Wingfield, 447p
of Ludwell/Paradise, 20
parish records of 12, 32, 51, 157
of Scholts/Nelly Cameron,
161–162
of Volosseviches, 395p
of Williams/Ackerman, 260p
Weitensfeld camp, 328
Welbeck Street. See Embassy church
Western Christians, 2, 135, 143
Western Rite Orthodoxy, 135–143
West London Polish Orthodox
Church, 352p
Westminster Abbey, 235, 403, 421
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
Index
White Army, 194, 202, 203, 206, 221,
267, 293, 407
White Generals, The (Luckett),
203–204
White Russian emigrants, 323, 324
“White” Russian Church Abroad,
422, 436
Williams, George, 100, 626n3
Williams, Kenneth, 260p
Williams, Rowan, Archbishop of
Canterbury, 601
Wilson-Claridge, Geoffrey, 533
Wilson-Claridge, John, 528, 533
Wingfield, Patricia, 447p
Wiseman, Cardinal, 135
Wolcough, Gregory, 554, 560p
Wolcough, Sophia, 453p
Wolcough, Victoria, 573
Wolverhampton mission, 124–125,
127–131, 133–134, 141, 142,
628n17
Wooldridge Singers, 472
World Council of Churches (WCC),
465
World War I
Cenotaph in Whitehall, 514
Genoa Conference and, 632n6
London parish and, 184–190
World War II
311–315
Maximoff and, 633n7
Palmer and, 496
von Meck and, 491–494
Woronzow, Mikhail, Field
Marshall/Prince, 32, 43, 62
Woronzow, Simeon, Count, 32–33,
630n7
Crisis of 1791 and, 38–44
711
Ludwell and, 19
new church at Welbeck Street
and, 48–49
Paradise and, 20, 22, 39–44
Smirnove and, 28, 33, 39–44
Woronzow Papers, The, 44
Wrangel, Peter Nikolayevich,
Baron, 205–206
Writings from the Philokalia on
Prayer of the Heart, 499, 500,
640n23
Xenia the Roman, St, 632n11
Xenia of St Petersburg, Blessed,
632n11
Yakunin, Gleb, Father, 543
Yalta agreement, 326, 336
Yalta Conference, 322, 323
Yamshchikov, Savely, 555, 562
Yankovitch, Fyodor, 532p, 545p
Yartseff, Vasily, 153
Yellachich, Nicholas, 561–562, 566,
568, 571, 573, 574, 583, 584
Yellachich, Tanya, 561–562
Yeltsin, Boris, 589
York Buildings, church at, 11–14,
16. See also Graeco-Russian
Church
Young, Arthur, 23, 25, 46–47
Yudenitch, Nicholas, General, 267
Yugoslavia
Arndt in, 540
“Belgrade Nightingales,”
283–284
Church in Exile and, 207
control of Serbian Orthodox
Church, 456
Evlogy in, 216, 244
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM
712
Index
John (Maximovitch) in, 419
Molchanoff in, 290
Nicholas (Karpoff) in, 252,
263–264
Nikodem and, 390, 401, 516
Russian émigrés in, 283–284
Sablin and, 224
Sobor in, 280
Zadworny, Philemon, Deacon/
Father, 333, 376, 385, 456, 482,
516
Zakharov, Vassily, 231–232
Zakrevsky, Igor, 557p
Zakrevsky, Natalya, 557, 557p, 573
Zakrevsky, Roman, 557p
Zakrevsky, Vadim, Father, 557,
557p, 560p, 569, 571, 573, 575,
585, 593–596, 617
Zashchitin, Sergei, 573
Zernov, Nicholas, 340
Zhdanoff, Prokhor, 18, 24
Zheverzheff, Ivan Alexeievitch, 165
Zhukov, Alexander, 574
Zinovieff, Colonel, 229
Zossima, Priest-monk, 267
8/19/2014 3:11:04 PM

Embassy, Emigrants, and Englishmen

Transcription

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