The Nine Lives of Paul Wood`s Collection - Wood Library

Transcription

THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS
A CENTURY OF CHALLENGES AND PROGRESS
Douglas R. Bacon, M.D., M.A.
Professor of Anesthesiology and History of Medicine
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Rochester, Minnesota
i
;,
,
0
}
,
1
'
LLL
Kathryn E. McGoldrick, M.D.
Professor and Chair
Department of Anesthesiology
New York Medical College
Valhalla, New York
Mark J. Lema, M.D., Ph.D.
Visor and Chair of Anesthesiology
University at Buffalo, SUNY
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Buffalo, New York
Editors
Park Ridge, Illinois
The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology
2005
iii
Published By
Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology
Copyright © 2005 Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced
or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical
or electronic including recording, photocopy, or any
information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher.
Library of Congress Control Number 2005927988
ISBN 1-889595-15-2
Printed in the United States of America
Published by:
WOOD LIBRARY-MUSEUM OF ANESTHESIOLOGY
520 N. Northwest Highway
Park Ridge, Illinois 60068-2573
(847) 825-5586 / FAX (847) 825-1692
WLM @ASAhq.org
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Dedication.................................
.........
................................
Contributors......................................
...
viii
.............. ix
Foreword ...............................................................
Eugene P. Sinclair, M.D.
Pre face ...................................................................................................................................
xi
xii
Chapter One
In the Beginning: Adolph Frederick Erdmann and the
Long Island Society of Anesthetists.........
....................................
James C. Erickson, III, M.D., M.Sc.
1
Chapter Two
The New York Society of Anesthetists: Building the Foundation ............................. 9
Chapter Three
The Creation of the American Society of Anesthesiologists:
An Intriguing D ecade .................................................................
Chapter Four
The Creation of Anesthesiology ........................................
Chapter Five
The Post-World War II Era ................................................
Timothy B. Curry, M.D., Ph.D.
Ines Berger, M.D.
Charles C. Tandy, M.D.
19
35
43
Chapter Six
The Nine Lives of Paul Wood's Collection:
The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology.........................................................55
George S. Bause, M.D., M.P.H.
Chapter Seven
The 1950s: A Decade of Turmoil ....
..
...................................... 75
Chapter Eight
History of the ASA's Annual Meeting ..........................................
Sandra L. Kopp, M.D.
Mark A. Warner, M.D.
.......... 85
Chapter Nine
The 1960s: The ASA Comes of Age .......................................................... 103
Babatunde Ogunnaike, M.D.
Adolph H. Giesecke, M.D.
Chapter Ten
The Anesthesia Survey and the Medical Student Preceptorship .................................. 123
J. Gordon Morrow, M.D.
John E. Steinhaus, M.D., Ph.D.
Chapter Eleven
The American College of Anesthesiologists:
The Ghost in the Basement ............................................................. .... ................. 137
Peter L. McDermott, M.D., Ph.D.
Chapter Twelve
The 1970s: A Decade of Crisis ............
Alexander W. Gotta, M.D.
.................
............... 147
Chapter Thirteeen
Communication: The ASA Newsletter ...........................................
Erwin Lear, M.D.
Chapter Fourteen
The 1980s: A Decade of Change .....................
Bradley E. Smith, M.D.
.......
159
...................................... 173
Chapter Fifteen
Women Anesthesiologists in the American Society of Anesthesiologists .................... 193
Selma Harrison Calmes, M.D.
vi
Chapter Sixteen
The 1990s: Growing Pains
Glenn W. Johnson
...............
..........................
205
Chapter Seventeen
2000-2005, The ASA at Its Centennial: Success through Innovation...........................213
John B. Neeld, Jr., M.D.
Index .....................
.........................................................
vii
.. 217
DEDICATION
To all members of the Long Island Society of Anesthetists, the New
York Society of Anesthetists, the American Society of Anesthetists,
and the American Society of Anesthesiologists who struggled and
who continue to persevere in their quest to improve the "art and science" of anesthesiology we dedicate this book.
viii
CONTRIBUTORS
Alexander W. Gotta, M.D.
Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology,
Emeritus
University at Brooklyn, SUNY
Brooklyn Medical Center
Brooklyn, New York
Professor of Anesthesiology and
History of Medicine
Honorary Curator
Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology
Glenn W. Johnson
Executive Director, Emeritus
American Society of Anesthesiologists
Ines Berger, M.D.
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology
Medical College of Georgia
Augusta, Georgia
Sandra L. Kopp, M.D.
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Selma Harrison Calmes, M.D.
Professor of Anesthesiology
U.C.L.A. School of Medicine
Oliveview-U.C.L.A. Medical Center
Sylmar, California
Erwin Lear, M.D.
Professor of Anesthesiology, Emeritus
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
New York, New York
Professor and Chair
University at Buffalo, SUNY,
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Buffalo, New York
James C. Erickson, III, M.D., M.Sc.
Northwestern University Medical School
Chicago, Illinois
Peter L. McDermott, M.D., Ph.D.
Lecturer in History
California Lutheran University
Thousand Oaks, California
Adolph H. Giesecke, M.D.
Emeritus Professor
Former Jenkins Professor
and Chairman
Anesthesiology and
Pain Management
University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas
Professor and Chair
New York Medical College
Valhalla, New York
J. Gordon Morrow, M.D.
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia
ix
CONTRIBUTORS
John B. Neeld, Jr., M.D.
Director of Anesthesiology
Northside Hospital Medical Center
Atlanta, Georgia
Babatunde Ogunnaike, M.D.
Assistant Professor
Anesthesiology and
Pain Management
University of Texas
Dallas, Texas
Bradley E. Smith, M.D.
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Nashville, Tennessee
John E. Steinhaus, M.D., Ph.D.
Professor and Chair, Emeritus
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia
Clinical Professor
Anesthesiology and
Pain Management
University of Texas
Dallas, Texas
Mark A. Warner, M.D.
Professor and Chair
FOREWORD
History of the American Society of Anesthesiologists
A benchmark anniversary such as the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)
Centennial is an occasion to assess where we have been as individuals and as an organization.
The editors of this book have compiled a series of articles to remind us that our profession and
the ASA have not always been as we know them. It is only through the dedication and commitment of those who came before us that our specialty enjoys its current stature and respect.
During the past century each succeeding generation has built on the achievements of its predecessors to such a remarkable extent that our practices bear little resemblance to those of a
generation or two ago.
Today we routinely care for patients who in the past would have been considered unacceptable risks. We guide them safely and comfortably through surgery that would have been
unimaginably complex to anesthesiology's pioneers. I am confident that our current generation will continue to build on past achievements and that future anesthesiologists will regard
prospective improvements in patient care with equal admiration.
On behalf of all ASA members it is my privilege to commend the editors and chapter
authors for this excellent collection of articles that highlights the multiple areas in which the
ASA and our profession have grown and changed.
Eugene P. Sinclair, M.D.
ASA President, 2004-2005
xi
PREFACE
of inspiration, kindness, and knowledge.
There is no task Patrick will not undertake,
no fact that he cannot check, all done with
amazing alacrity and good humor. Ms. Karen
Bieterman, the assistant librarian, follows
closely in Patrick's footsteps. Her attention to
detail, expertise, and cheerful attitude have
made the task easier for all of our authors.
Ms. Judith Robins, the WLM collections
supervisor, has helped resurrect and organize
many of the papers referred to within these
pages. She, too, possesses Patrick's "can do"
attitude with an eagerness that makes working with her a rewarding experience. This
book is all the richer for the various documents that provide first-hand knowledge of
the events of our shared history.
Finally, we would like to thank the officers, Board of Directors, and House of
Delegates of the American Society of
Anesthesiologists for their support for this
book. They have imposed no restrictions
upon us, and have encouraged the publication of this book at every turn. To our families and co-workers, who have suffered
through the birthing pains of this book, we
express our gratitude. Without their love,
support, and understanding completion of
this volume would not have been possible.
It is our hope that you will enjoy reading
this book as much as we have enjoyed creating it. Happy 100th Birthday to the American
Society of Anesthesiologists! We sincerely
hope another generation will consider our
book a resource for beginning their celebration of the 200th anniversary of the ASA!
This book chronicles the history of the
American Society of Anesthesiologists during the past century. Beginning as a small
group interested in overcoming some of the
challenges confronting the anesthesia community, the original nine members saw their
society grow into a national organization that
now boasts more than 40,000 members. Over
the 100 years there were countless fascinating stories to be told, of triumphs and
tragedies, of good ideas that were brought
forth before their time, of conflict, strife, and
eventual success. Through the years, however, the recurrent theme is the desire of the
physicians of the Long Island Society of
Anesthetists, the New York Society of
Anesthetists, the American Society of
Anesthetists, and the American Society of
Anesthesiologists to advance the "art and science" of anesthesiology.
This book has many contributors, and
reflects the voice not only of current scholarship in the field of the history of anesthesiology but also of the many members who lived
through some of the events described within
these pages. As editors, we are thankful for
the diligence and dedication of all our
authors, some of whom have labored over
their manuscripts for the past three years. For
several authors, this is their first foray into
writing history; it is our hope that they will
continue to pursue this new endeavor. Many
voices help bring the past forward, blending
their cadence to produce the intricate symphony that is anesthesia history. Without
their efforts, this book would not have been
possible.
We would also like to thank the tireless
professionals at the Wood Library-Museum
(WLM) of Anesthesiology. Mr. Patrick Sim,
the head librarian, remains a constant source
xii
The Nine Lives of Paul Wood's Collection:
The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology
Like a proverbial nine-lived cat, America's national anesthesia collection has survived
warehousing at nine different sites. Its founder, Paul Meyer Wood, M.D. (1894-1963) inherited his "collecting bug" from his Hoosier parents. A book decorator and future religious art
professor, his mother shared with Paul her love of the printed page.' At an early age, her junior librarian was lending card-indexed books to his friends. 2 Learning chemistry's magic from
his father, the younger Wood euthanized insects with carbon tetrachloride for the family collection. 3
Paul Wood's long hours in South Bend
High School's chemistry lab led to his 1913
year in Notre Dame's "laboratory for explosive chemistry." 4 ,5 ,6 Wood experimented with
ethylene-a future anesthetic-alongside
Father Julius Nieuwland, Ph.D. Botany
professor by day and avocational chemist by
night, the Catholic priest instructed Episcopalian Wood in twin catechisms: the science
of self-scheduling and the art of funding nonprofit activities. (Years later, Wood would
learn that Father Nieuwland kept his vow of
poverty while helping Dupont synthesize
neoprene. Dupont reciprocated by buying
books for Notre Dame's libraries). 7,8,9
Except during his World War I military
service in the American ambulance corps at
the Italian Front, Wood continued his packrat
ways. He gathered collectibles both while
earning his B.S. and M.D. degrees at
Columbia University and afterwards, mostly
in the Manhattan area. At 37 years of age, in
1931, Wood suffered a heart attack while
hoarding books and anesthesia antiques at his
home, on Riverside Drive. 4 Convalescing as
"permanent Librarian... of the New York
Society of Anesthetists," Wood donated his
catalogued collection to the NYSA in 1933.10
While recuperating from his cardiac event,
Wood mourned the auction sale of the Robert
Ferguson Estate, perhaps the New World's
largest privately amassed collection of med55
ical antiques. (Ferguson had rebuffed Wood's
previous efforts to acquire the fabulous collection).
On July 26, 1937, the collection soon
known as the "Wood Library-Museum"
(WLM) was moved nearer to Central Park,
from Wood's Manhattan apartment on
Riverside Drive to the Squibb Building (from
WLM's "life" or Site #1 of 9 to Site #2).11
In 1939, a visiting Examiner for the
American Board of Anesthesiology, Sir
Robert Macintosh, presented the WLM with
a desk copy once belonging to the world's
first full-time anesthetist, John Snow: the
1847 classic On the Inhalation of the Vapour
of Ether 12 This treasure thus escaped Nazi air
raids that bombed the United Kingdom's
Charles King [Anaesthesia] Collection in
1940.13 Wood's collection, in contrast, was
exploding only in size. Year 1940's bombshell donation: the original Cotton-Boothby
Apparatus. 14
The burgeoning WLM was managed by
Paul Wood imitating the vocation/avocation
split-day routine of his Notre Dame mentor,
Father Nieuwland. Indeed, from 1940-44
Wood's afternoons were filled by his simultaneous avocational duties as WLM
Librarian-Curator, Anesthesiology Business
Manager, and as Secretary of both the ASA
and the American Board of Anesthesiology. 4
Following his heart attack, Wood had largely
restricted his anesthetic practice to working
mornings with one popular surgeon, Robert
Bickley, his Avertin co-investigator.15
Anesthesiologist Wood and Surgeon Bickley
would race through 14 surgeries before 11am
on a typical weekday. 16,17 Then, to complement Wood's medical antiquing, Bickley
would scavenge the antiques world for fine
art.' 8 Theirs was a collectors' camaraderie.
BETCHER'S SERIAL EVICTIONS:
FROM SKYSCRAPER, BROWNSTONE
& BOATHOUSE (1949-63)
A tall medical director for E.R. Squibb
and Sons, Inc., Lewis Wright had joined
Wood by 1934 to form the "Mutt and Jeff" of
medical antiquing (Fig. 1). After nine years
on the ASA Library-Museum Committee,
Wright realized the pressing need in 1949 for
a savvy politician. Considering himself a
"thinker," Wright praised "doers" like Albert
Betcher. 19,20 (The latter would reciprocate
by hailing Wright's role in popularizing
curare). 21 A product of Army hierarchy and
Moses Krakow's political wisdom, Betcher
would soon negotiate the WLM past evictions from a skyscraper, a brownstone, and a
boathouse. 20 (Fig. 2).
Along with other medical specialties, the
ASA's Business Office had moved to
Chicago in 1947 in order to be closer to the
American Medical Association. 22 So, the
I
.
>l
Figure 1. President Emeritus Wright (left) and
Librarian-CuratorWood prepare to move apparatusfrom New York to Illinois. Just five months
before his namesake WLM's 1963 opening, Wood
died planning his fourth visit to Park Ridge.
Figure2. Evicted in 1949 from the elegant interior (left) of Squibb's skyscraper near Central
Park, most WLM apparatus was crowded first
into a Manhattan brownstone and then into
Foregger'sboathouse (right)on Long Island.
Library-Museum was left behind in
Manhattan. The parting committed the ASA
to fund an annual stipend for, but also to
demand incorporation in New York by, the
Consequently, ASA
Library-Museum.
Directors resolved in 1949 that a nonprofit
"Paul M. Wood Memorial Library and
Museum" be incorporated to receive the
ASA's collection. 23 Meanwhile, the LibraryMuseum's unpaid corporate landlord from
1935-49, Squibb, needed office space. ASA's
shift to Chicago freed Squibb to defenestrate
the WLM from the skyscraper.2
Luckily, WLM Secretary Vincent Collins
held a safety net. Just 16 years earlier, his St.
Vincent's Hospital predecessor, Paluel Flagg,
had found a brownstone for their Catholic
Medical Mission Board. In similar fashion,
Collins located a brownstone across the
street from St. Vincent's, at 137 W. 11th
Street, (Site #3) to share with the New York
State Society of Anesthesiologists. 24 (A true
WLM friend, Collins saw the formation of
three successive donor groups
titled "Friends of the Wood
Library-Museum." Doris Cope
runs today's "Friends"). 2 5
Like Collins, Wood gloried in the 1950 provisional
and 1952 absolute educational
charters granted to the WLM
by the New York Board of
Regents. However, in December
of 1952, New York City building inspectors cited the WLM
for overloading the brownstone's floors with the collective weight of WLM literature
and apparatus. 26 A disgruntled Wood carted
heavier items to storage and even 50 miles
north to his garage in Highland Falls, New
York. 27
The timing tortured Wood. His wealthy
surgical colleague, Bickley, had progressively abandoned the tony lifestyle of uptown
Manhattan for the sporting one of upstate
Thousand Islands.18 This forced Wood to
"semi-retire" with wife Harriet to her hometown of Highland Falls, near West Point.
From there Wood commuted 11 miles to practice anesthesia part-time at Peekskill
Hospital. 17 Now, because of the WLM's failed
building inspection, Wood was forced to
drive 100-mile roundtrips, trucking his prized
collection from Manhattan back to his upstate
garage. The stress was certainly heartbreaking and likely heart-damaging to Wood.
Another stress, a fundraising failure,
may have convinced Wright to cede his
WLM presidency to Betcher in 1955. By the
following May, St. Vincent's Hospital
expanded, forcing the WLM to shift from
137 to 131 W. 11th St.28 (Site #4) The new
site was even tighter on space. Fortunately,
Richard von Foregger, Sr., made his Roslyn,
Long Island boathouse (Site #5) available for
storage. Having manufactured anesthesia
machines and Wood's Avertin Kit, Foregger
underwrote many of Wood's efforts. 29 Both
men lost mutual friends when six famous
anesthesiologists died in 1956. In memory of
the fallen, the Anesthesia Memorial
Foundation was incorporated; the WLM was
designated as the repository for ASA's
archives.
One of the fallen six and the editor of the
journal Anesthesiology, Henry Ruth, M.D.,
F.I.C.S., bequeathed anesthesia antiques to
the WLM. 30 These were displayed from
1957-97 at the International College of
Surgeons' museum. 3 1 Apparatus at this
exhibit parallelled some of the WLM's earlier loaned pieces to the Museum of Science
and Industry's "Conquest of Pain" (which
was exhibited 1954-1991 and refurbished by
Illinois anesthesiologists in 1987).32 With but
a fraction of the WLM's inventory, these
were Chicago's first long-term, large-scale
anesthesia
displays.
When
Kenneth
McCarthy inspected the rest of the WLM
apparatus-all wedged into Manhattan
offices and Foregger's boathouse-he
observed, "If this material is worth collecting
it is worthwhile preserving in an orderly and
available manner." McCarthy was "shocked
by the dirt, disorder, and confusion." 33
Further shock awaited the WLM as
Foregger's health declined. 34 In May of 1960,
Mrs. Lily Foregger asked Wood to remove
the Gill Curare Collection from Foregger's
office and to "take steps to vacate" the boathouse. 26,3 5 Pleading not to "bury the LibraryMuseum in suburbia," California's William
Neff dreamed of a WLM in a coastal city - in
either New York City or San Francisco (as
the latter had been recently vacated by
Airport; 25 minutes by train from Chicago's
Loop), Daniel Moore wisely purchased a
long suburban lot there. 263, 7 (Moore anticipated somehow not only the building of a 1963
two-story annex but, also, of an entirely new
1992 "backyard" building).
By 1960 ASA President Leo Hand had
offered the one-story ASA building in Park
Ridge for storing a "WLM collection annex"
in basement air-conditioning. 38 Denied space
by three teaching hospitals, Wood endured
having parts of the WLM collection-pieces
not garaged upstate on his propertybounced around Manhattan from 145 E. 49th
Street to 30 E. 42nd Street 39 ,40 (Sites #6 and
#7). Wood visited Park Ridge briefly at three
six-month intervals during the planning and
construction of the two-story WLM annex,
an annex that Betcher called "Dan Moore's
monument." A physical as well as intellectual giant, Paul Wood changed into his customarily huge surgical scrub suit for the dusty
work of organizing the Library-Museum in
the ASA's basement.17 Anticipating his fourth
New York-to-Illinois visit to his namesake
collection, Wood suffered a massive heart
attack at home in May of 1963. 4
Unfortunately, Dr. Paul Wood died just
months before the grand opening of his
Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology.
Stanford University). 3 6 After citing the economy and access of a Chicago suburb named
Park Ridge (15 minutes by car from O'Hare
librarian-curator. 40 By September of 1963, a
herpetologist and bibliophile, predoctoral
Fulbright Scholar Walter Necker, B.S. was
3 ...
2 ... 1-STORIED BUILDING:
A LIBRARY EXPLODES;
A MUSEUM IMPLODES (1963-1985)
ASA Executive Director "Jack" Andes'
frugality had funded the ASA's Park Ridge
buildings, yet unexpected costs downsized
the planned three-storied WLM Annex to
two stories. 4 1,42 Wood's death narrowed the
librarian search into one for a part-time
58
hired as Librarian-Curator. 43
By November, the President
of the American Medical
Association and ASA officers flanked Betcher in opening the WLM in ASA's twostory annex. 42 (Site #8)
Full-time by March of
1965, Necker professionally
organized the
LibraryMuseum for three years. 44
Wood's apparatus mentor,
Elmer
McKesson,
I
I
0
was
memorialized by the WLM's formal gallery
opening in 1965.45,46 Citing incomplete docu-
mentation of objects, Necker butted heads
with WLM officers over filling exhibit cases.
The accomplished librarian and curator just
could "not suffer fools gladly" 43 (Fig. 3). In
January of 1967, Necker resigned, facing
allegations of inflating travel expenses. 47
Inaugurated later that year, the WLM's
annual historical lectures were posthumously
named after President Emeritus Lewis
Wright in 1975.48,49 (Susan Vassallo chairs
today's Wright Memorial Lecture Committee). 25 The WLM's outreach actually began
in Necker's wake, courtesy of a WLM trustee
who was linked to the National Library
of Medicine, Seymour Alpert. 5o The
Anesthesiology Bibliography commenced in
1968; the Self-Evaluation Program, in 1969
(sponsored by the American College of
Anesthesiologists).51
By March of 1969, the WLM was facing
the resignation of the WLM's "acting librarian" secretary and a nationwide shortage of
librarians. 52,53 So in September the WLM
hired as Curator a predoctoral anatomy-illustrator, Martin Levine, M.S. 54 If Necker had
been 90% of what the WLM needed, Levine
was but the complementary 10%: an audiovisual educator. Consequently, in recasting
Figure 3. From 1963-67, Librarian-Curator
Walter Necker (right) refused to mount exhibits
with "incomplete documentation." The WLM's
first museum gallery (left) opened formally in
1965 only to be demolished by 1977 for ASA
office space.
the WLM as a "Teaching Resources Center,"
WLM President James Eckenhoff did not
place the Curator on Eugene Conner's
Library or Louis Orkin's Museum Committee." Rather, the one-year president added
56,57
Levine to the Audio-Visual Committee.
That committee prospered under Chair John
Leahy's technical wizardry and John William
Pender's interviewing skill. 58 ,59 (Begun by
Leahy in 1965 and endowed posthumously
by Pender, [who had been trained in oral history by Seegal] their "Men of Anesthesia"
recordings expanded as the "Living History
Collection" under Elliott Miller.60. 6' More
recently, Alan Sessler and Mary Ellen
Warner have coordinated interviews of living
legends of anesthesiology 25).
After organizing the WLM's threemonth American College of Surgeon's exhibit, Dallas bibliophile and year 1970's incoming WLM president, Charles Tandy, had
already begun book conservation efforts at
the WLM. 62,63 Delighted by Levine's
February 1971 find of Patrick Sim, M.L.S.,
Dr. Tandy reveled in the young librarian's
reference skills and work ethic. 47 A product
of Hong Kong's parochial schools and
Dewey's first decimalized library system
stateside, Sim was highly professional and
service-oriented. 64 (See Fig. 4). Sim's rookie year initiated two long-running WLM
series: the Residents Reading List and the
History ofAnesthesiology reprints.
August of 1971 saw disputes over the
Curator's personnel management and personal timekeeping, so Tandy invited him to
"consider relocating in a position which
would allow freer rein to [Levine's] ... obvi-
ous creative talents." 65 Within two months
the ASA Directors accepted the WLM
Trustees' request to dissolve the New York
charter and transfer WLM assets and liabilities to the ASA. 66 Surrounded by perceptions
of previous curatorial misconduct, the new
ASA section tacitly bowed to future ASA
control of WLM staff.
Sim's pride in his Chinese heritage and
the public's clamor for all things acupuncture
led to acquisitions in Asian medicine. These
would include a reprinted 14th C. Chinese
and two 18th C. Japanese classics. The WLM
even acquired England's first "acu.text:"
J.M. Churchill's 1821 Treatise on Acupuncturation.67
Holdings grew on the ether controversy
and other anesthesia-linked topics. Tandy
contacted legions of antiquarian bookdealers.
Robert Boyle's 17th C. Sceptical Chymist
and the Nitrous Oxide Archive of Davy's colleague, William Clayfield, soon graced the
shelves. 68 Reflecting its founder's family
interest in hypnotism, the WLM acquired
works on mesmerism, including both
Mesmer's treatise on animal magnetism and
his contract with Rousseau. 69,70 Most mesmerizing: 275 letters handwritten by French
Figure 4. WLM Librarian since 1971, Patrick
Sim cradles treasuresfrom the K. Garth Huston,
Sr., Rare Book Room, a memorial for the
Honorary Librarian. Their mutual friend, Dr
Charles Tandy, has collected most of the WLM's
antiquarianbooks since 1969.
magnetists in the WLM's Chapelain-Deleuze
Archives.
Resuscitation highlighted 1975. First, the
March of Dimes donated Virginia Apgar's
resuscitation library. 71 Then Tandy shuttled
back from the WLM with physician-printer
K. Garth Huston, Sr., to the Chicago ASA
Annual Meeting. 72 These two bibliophiles
co-produced the 1976 "Bicentennial" exhibit
and Resuscitation Catalogue.73 As Tandy's
successor, WLM President Huston communicated less well with ASA officers than with
bookdealers and printers. After internationalizing the WLM's list of antiquarian booksellers, Huston coordinated publication stateside of the 3rd volume of S.W. Syke's
Essays...and abroad of both W.D.A. Smith's
the 1977 plans to demolish the WLM's
ground-floor gallery to make way for more
ASA "educational" offices. 82
The WLM was effectively reduced to a
one-story library. By 1983 faithful Vincent
Collins was asked to triage WLM apparatus
for potential display, dispersal, or disposal. 83
Pressures mounted with the arrival of new
ASA affiliates: the Anesthesia Patient Safety
Foundation in 1984, the Society for
Ambulatory Anesthesia in 1985, and the
Foundation for Anesthesia Education and
Research in 1986. As ASA personnel and
anesthesia antiques competed for limited
space, some of the apparatus began disappearing. Repeatedly risking his future
employment, Librarian Sim began retrieving
(from the ASA dumpster) "mysteriously"
discarded museum apparatus. 84
Under the Influence ... and Robinson's 1847
Treatise on Ether After acquiring Liston's
1846 letter to Boott (about England's first
etherization for major surgery), Huston
encouraged Sim to annotate a rare book catalog for the WLM. 64 ,74 Huston consulted the
UK's Bernard Middleton for bookbinding
and Illinois' Russell Maylone and William
Minter for, respectively, special collections
and de-acidification. 75
Linking the WLM in 1984 to the
American Association for the History of
Medicine, Huston co-presented papers with
Anesthesia History Association (AHA)
founders (and incoming WLM Trustees)
Selma Calmes and Roderick Calverley. 76
Huston also supported C. Ronald Stephen's
editing of the Classical Files of the late
WLM Secretary, David Little. (Editors
Stephen and Doris Cope would link the
WLM to the AHA with the Bulletin of
Anesthesia History. Other AHA members
would provide WLM liaisons, like William
Hammonds with Georgia's Crawford W.
Long Museum and California's Calmes with
both the Guedel Anesthesia Center and
Liebeskind Pain Archive). 77,78 AHA historians clamored around the WLM-sponsored
exhibit "Pain and Its Relief' which began an
8-year stint at the Smithsonian. 79
The Smithsonian success highlighted the
WLM's failure to maintain a major gallery
on-site. The failure became glaring, particularly after $75,000 was donated for WLM
gallery displays by the widow of Wood's
apparatus mentor, Elmer McKesson.8 0
Ironically, the Widow McKesson also was
funding ASA's medical student preceptorships, one of several educational programs
whose office space would begin displacing
A GALLERY REBORN: MILLER TIME
FOR A TRUE LIBRARY-MUSEUM
(1985-1997)
A Harvard anesthesiologist and accomplished educator, Elliott Miller transformed
the WLM in a dozen years. As architect of
the modern Library-Museum, President
Miller blended Midwestern candor with Ivy
League finesse.85 Expecting cordial diversity
from WLM Trustees, he sailed his motley
crew through daunting meeting agendas.
Influential guests and fatigued Trustees then
mingled at WLM dinners. Miller observed
that "breaking bread together" gave rise to
common purpose. 86
Having tapped M.T. "Pepper" Jenkins to
re-establish the post of WLM Vice-President,
Miller consulted "outsiders" like apparatus
curators George Bause (U.S.) and David
Wilkinson (U.K.). 87,88 Founder of anesthesia
McKesson memorial exhibits by 1970.81
Multiplying preceptorships and Mrs.
McKesson's own death in 1973 facilitated
museums at Johns Hopkins and Yale, Bause
was soon named WLM's Medical and then
Honorary Curator. 89 He inventoried a crush
61
of large anesthesia machines
in the "dungeon" beneath the
WLM's lone surviving display
cabinet. Next, seven new cabinets were designed and filled
as curatorial demonstrations. 90
The "demos" convinced the
ASA to include a professional
gallery in its planned threestory building. 91 The architect's wide-open gallery layout was redrafted by the
Curator to feature 50 modular
platforms and display cabinets. 92 (Fig. 5).
After naming the Rare Book Room after
the late Honorary Librarian Garth Huston,
Miller consulted two professional librarians,
Alabama's A.J. Wright and Illinois' Karen
Ambrose. 93 The two helped design a new
building whose top floor would house the climate-controlled Huston Rare Book Room;
the WLM Fellows' Beecher Reading Room;
the Dripps Audiovisual Room; and reinforced flooring for library stacks and the
Rovenstine Reading Area. Staff offices
would include the Librarian's Adriani, Asst.
Librarian's Vandam-Covino, and Collection
Supervisor's Waters Rooms. Past ASA
President Harry Bird and staffer Glenn
41,93
Johnson shepherded the project along.
To reach ASA members, Miller hired a
professional to design the WLM 's "Blood
Transfusion" exhibit for the 1987 ASA
Annual Meeting. 75 In German, French, and
English, rare books explored blood transfusion and shock. After 1988 the Curator coordinated the WLM's international and annual
ASA exhibits, often collaborating with Leslie
Rendell-Baker. 94 By 1991 three ASA foundations had combined annual exhibits, anticipating today's Anesthesia Resource Center.
Before incorporating the WLM in Illinois,
Figure 5. Discarding the architect's modern
open-floor design, Honorary Curator George
Bause (left) redesigned the WLM's secondformal
museum gallery to include 50 modular cabinets
and platforms (right).
Miller expanded internal committee structure.8 59 5 He also studied Edward Ernst's 1988
Long-Range Planning Report, a precedent for
similar reports from future WLM presidents. 96
As Ernst had recommended, an Assistant
Librarian, Sally Graham, M.L.S., was hired in
1988. (She would later index the 1982-95 AHA
Newsletters for Editors Doris Cope, Selma
Calmes, and Ronald Stephen). 97 An
Anesthesia History Association cofounder and
Army Reservist, Roderick Calverley had
linked the WLM to scores of anesthesia
departments, societies, libraries, and museums
worldwide. An uncanny observer, Calverley
even rediscovered the WLM's long-lost John
Snow Apparatus at another Chicago museum.98 As Graham ushered the WLM into the
information age, "WorldWide Rod" graciously yielded to the WorldWideWeb. He founded
the Paul M. Wood Fellowship program in
anesthesia history in 1988. 99 (After Rod's
untimely death in 1995, a Calverley Fellow
was named as one of four annual history
research fellowships).
Next, the WLM received Samuel Tirer's
donated paper on France's Charribre Ether
Inhalers and acquired Alexander Richardson's
1849 oil of James Robinson, England's first
dental etherizer.',00 0' The Curator was prompted by Miller to phone-bid on an 1819 Laennec
stethoscope and, by Calverley, to visit
Vancouver Island for the Webb Chloroform
Collection.8 4 ,10 2 Lawrence's oil portrait of
nitrous pioneer Sir Humphry Davy was
donated to the WLM by Davy-Richards
descendant Bause.103
After installing four "scholarly" exhibits
in the gallery of ASA's new Northwest
Highway building, the Curator faced one
ASA staffer who noted that previous curators
had been fired for not filling all displays
areas.10 2, 104 Lacking full documentation on
apparatus but also lacking Necker's spine,
Bause buckled. Because the air conditioning
failed, floor temperatures on that July weekend approached 85 ° F. So, over 48 hours, a
lone curator sweated through the empty
gallery installing 50 exhibits in rapidfire succession. 84 On August 15, 1992, the new threestory ASA Building formally opened at 520
N. Northwest Highway. (Site #9) The WLM
Library occupied two-thirds of the top floor
and the Museum, one-third of the ground
floor.
The WLM team of Sim and Bause would
soon forsake summer's heat for winter's
chill. First, though, the WLM acquired
Joseph Clover's diaries and Lister's letter on
chloroform to Lawrie. 0 5,10 6 Then, on short
notice, "a full day, and well into the night"
was spent dismantling 37 years' worth of
WLM displays at the Museum of Science
and Industry.106,107 As Sim navigated, Bause
edged an apparatus-filled moving van
through a Chicago blizzard up 1-94 to Park
involved in dismantling another long-term
WLM exhibit: a 40-year-old one at the
International College of Surgeons. After
Assistant Librarian Graham resigned, two
WLM staffers were hired. Brilliant at reference, Assistant Librarian Karen Bieterman,
M.L.I.S., became an ASA favorite.'0 8 Then,
Library Assistant Carole Siragusa graced the
WLM. A quick study, Siragusa mastered digital imaging along with diverse clerical activities.
Except for Raymond Fink, all Publications Committee Chairs (Nicholas Greene,
Kathryn McGoldrick, and Donald Caton)
tapped by Harvard's Miller had been Yale
professors or fellows. Pairs of books by John
Snow and by Thomas Keys were reprinted.
Next, the WLM published English translations of Overton by Lipnick and of Bernard
and Pirogoff by Fink. 109 The WLM even published proceedings of the Third International
Symposium on the History of Anesthesia."l 0
After transforming the WLM into a scholarly press, Nicholas Greene inaugurated a
Nobel-Prize-like quadrennial award: the
WLM Laureate in the History of
Anesthesia.'" Not surprisingly, certain
Laureates, like Gwen Wilson and Norman
Bergman, had seen earlier books of theirs
112,113
sponsored by the WLM. "
Ridge. 84
In 1997 there was much less excitement
had been to increase income by improving
visibility. Led by Frank McKechnie, Cope,
ANTICIPATING THE ASA'S
CENTENNIAL: HISTORIC WLM
IMPORT-EXPORT (1997-2005)
Golden they were, but most of the Miller
years were heavily funded by the ASA.
Miller handed the torch in 1997 to a brilliant
historian of general and obstetric anesthesia.
President Donald Caton faced an ASA
demanding a financially "self-sufficient"
WLM by Year 2000. Caton's long-range plan
63
Caton himself, and then Jonathan Berman,
the WLM Marketing Committee soon fielded
a speaker's bureau, pamphlets, and Anesthesiology advertisements. 114 With Fink and
McGoldrick, Caton edited Careers in Anesthesiology. Encouraging museum contacts with
the U.K., Australia, and Germany, the editing
trio hailed Eddie Bowie's donation of apparatus in cross-section. 15
Organizing became Priority One. Bringing the library online, Bieterman captured
titles with cataloguing software. WLM
Trustee George Sheplock reached out digitally with the WLM Virtual Tour both on CDROM and online. 116 ,117 After consulting Patsy
Gerstner of the Dittrick Medical History
Center, her fellow Clevelander, Bause, prescribed mobile carriage shelving to relieve
basement clutter (and postpone off-site storage for 6 years). 118 Moreover, a superb
Collections Supervisor, Judith Robins, M.A.,
was hired. Rescuing the WLM from its
physician-curator, Robins' industry transformed the jumbled dungeon of archives and
apparatus into useful collections. Along with
Archives Committee Chair Douglas Bacon,
Robins encouraged donation of valuable personal and organizational archives.
Joking about his Scottish-American frugality, the WLM's Donald Caton slashed
budgets and encouraged less expensive
annual exhibits. Thus, a budget-beleaguered
Curator bargained for A.M. Long's 1884
"Improved Anaesthetic Apparatus" before
flying to Montpelier, France.119 There, after
inspecting the spoils of internet auction,
Bause hand-carried Charribre's 1847 Ether
Inhaler back to the WLM. Although "positively apoplectic at the thought of excessive
spending," Caton relaxed after the inhaler
and editor, she learned that the ASA was
reconsidering total termination of its WLM
stipend. Just as Caton's Trustees had assisted
Boston's Rafael Ortega with 2000's
Evolution of the Anesthesia Machine CDROM, now McGoldrick helped Ortega with
2004's
Vandam
memorial
DVD.120,12 1
(WLM's long-term workhorse, Leroy
Vandam labored on many WLM projects,
including the Smithsonian exhibit, the
Historical Reprints series, the Yankee Dodge
videotape, and historic watercolors).
The Mayo Clinic Curator's Room, and
the "George and Ramona Bause Gallery" of
the WLM, were named, respectively, in 2001
and 2002.122,123 While Mayo donors
rearranged his office, the Curator collected
c. 1821 needles of premiere English acupuncturist J.M. Churchill. 124 In 2003 McGoldrick
authorized two curatorial efforts: an exhibit
at the nation's
capital
(at
"ASA
Washington") and the recording of the WLM
67,125,126
Gallery Audiotour.
Publicity Committee Chair Lydia Conlay
repeated A.H. "Buddy" Giesecke's highlighting of the WLM in each September's ASA
Newsletter. The publicity worked. Maurice
Albin donated his seminal neurosciences collection; the Tandys generously contributed
their unique Robert Macintosh Archive. 127
Two acquisitions actually generated publicity. The first, Nobelist Linus Pauling's 1975
holograph, whispered from the "Huston
Room" that general anesthesia resulted from
"the formation of hydrate microcrystals in
the brain ...."128 For the next major acquisition, a nervous curator flew to Edinburgh for
James Robinson's third prototype, the 1846
Hooper Ether Inhaler.' 29
Throughout the years, the WLM success-
was funded privately. 84 ," 5
In 2001 WLM President Kathryn
McGoldrick succeeded Caton. A prolific author
fully avoided touching its endowment for
expensive acquisitions or programs. This is
all the more impressive when one considers
64
the mixed success of past WLM fundraisers. 10 2 ,130 Fortunately, fund managers and
then Dr. Stephen Slogoff septupled the
endowment from
1985-2004.25,96
Douglas Bacon trained a spyglass on 2005
for his ASA Centennial Committee. 25
Today, two stalwart bookends, Dr.
Charles Tandy and Librarian Patrick Sim, are
nearing 70 years of combined WLM service.
They brace a library of scores of Trustees and
thousands of ASA members, all sharing Paul
Wood's vision of a national repository and
educational resource-the ASA's Wood
Library-Museum of Anesthesiology.
So, after
introducing Caton as the incoming WLM
Laureate, a delighted McGoldrick handed the
helm to President William Hammonds and
Vice-President Lydia Conlay. Meanwhile,
editorializing "from the crow's nest" of the
ASA Newsletter, WLM Secretary-Treasurer
Acknowledgments
The author thanks the following reviewers from the Wood Library-Museum of
Anesthesiology: Librarian Patrick Sim and Drs. Charles Tandy, Elliott Miller, Donald Caton,
Kathryn McGoldrick, and William Hammonds.
References
1.
Spielman FJ. Our society's seal: its history and significance. ASA Newsletter 2000;
64(9): 8-10.
2.
Betcher AM. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology: historical development
of the library-museum. Anesthesiology 1961; 22(4): 618-32.
3.
Remarks of B. Raymond Fink, M.D. transcribed by George S. Bause, M.D., Feb 27,
1997 [holograph]. Collected Papers of B. Raymond Fink, M.D. The Wood LibraryMuseum Collection, Park Ridge, Illinois.
4.
Betcher AM. Paul Meyer Wood, M.D., 1894-1963 [obituary]. Anesthesiology 1963;
24(5): 612-614.
5.
Sim P. From Indiana to New York: Dr. Paul Meyer Wood's Hoosier roots. ASA
Newsletter 1994; 58(9): 8-13.
6.
Wood P. Newer advances in anesthesiology. Westchester Medical Bulletin 1946;
14(12): 11-14,36.
65
7.
Nieuwland JA, inventor. El du Pont de Nemours & Co., assignee. Vinyl derivatives of
acetylene and method of preparing the same. United States patent US 1,811,959. June
30, 1931.
8.
Hope AJ. Notre Dame: One Hundred Years. South Bend, Indiana: University Press;
1943: 296-297.
9.
"...One can go back to the late 1920s, when the Dupont Corporation was first getting
involved in polymer research and the contract was with a professor of chemistry at
Notre Dame University, Dr. Nieuwland, to conduct this research. Dr. Nieuwland was a
Holy Cross father who had taken a vow of poverty, so the company was in a quandary
to want to have the appropriate compensation mechanism to implement should the
opportunity arise to commercialize the research findings. So it was agreed with Dr.
Nieuwland and the university that the company would fund the library acquisitions for
him at Notre Dame." Remarks by Alan Goldhammer of Biotechnology Industry
Organization on "Industry and University Relations", March 29, 1999 [lecture transcription]. Cambridge (MA), Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
10.
Letter from Max L. Solkow, M.D. to Whom It May Concern, June 28, 1935. Collected
Papers of Paul M. Wood, M.D. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
11.
Minutes of Meeting of the American Society of Anesthetists, October 9, 1937.
Collected Papers and Minutes of the Long Island, New York and American Society of
Anesthetists (1905-1945). The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
12.
Snow J. On the Inhalation of the Vapour of Ether in Surgical Operations: Containing a
Description of the Various Stages of Etherization, and a Statement of the Result of
Nearly Eight Operations in Which Ether Has Been Employed in St. George's and
University College Hospitals. London, John Churchill, 1847. [John Snow's desk copy,
inscribed by Sir Robert R. Macintosh to Paul M. Wood, M.D. on October 17, 1939. K.
Garth Huston, Sr., Rare Book Room Collection, The Wood Library-Museum
Collection, Park Ridge, IL].
13.
Minutes of Meeting of the American Society of Anesthetists, November 27, 1940.
Collected Papers and Minutes of the Long Island, New York, and American Society of
14.
Minutes of Meeting of the American Society of Anesthetists, May 16, 1940. Collected
Papers and Minutes of the Long Island, New York, and American Society of
15.
Wood PM, Bickley RS. Observations on use of tribromethanol (Avertin). Am J Surg
1936; 34: 598-605.
16.
Letter from Richard H. Barrett, M.D. to Charles C. Tandy, M.D., February 1, 1977.
Collected Papers of Paul M. Wood, M.D. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
17.
Notes from Albert M. Betcher, M.D. [on Paul Meyer Wood, M.D.], May 31, 1963.
Ridge, IL.
66
18.
Thompson L. American estate goes out of site in Canada. Maine Antique Digest 2001;
29(8): lB.
19.
Interview of Lewis Wright, M.D. by John W. Pender, M.D., 1967 [videocassette]. John
W. Pender Living History Collection, The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
20.
Interview of Albert M. Betcher, M.D. by Elliott V. Miller, M.D., November 15, 1982
[videocassette]. John W. Pender Living History Collection, The Wood LibraryMuseum Collection, Park Ridge, IL
21.
Betcher AM. The civilizing of curare: a history of its development and introduction
into anesthesiology. Anesth Analg 1977; 56: 305-319.
22.
Minutes of Meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, April 10, 1947. The
Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
23.
Summary of Proceedings of the House of Delegates of the American Society of
Anesthesiologists, Dec 7, 1949. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge,
IL.
24.
Davis DA. The Bricks That Built the Wood Library-Museum, Historical Vignettes of
Modern Anesthesia. Davis DA (ed). Philadelphia: F.A .Davis;1968: 98-107.
25.
Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, October
23, 2004. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
26.
Betcher AM. Albert M. Betcher, M.D., Vice-Chairman 1950, Chairman, 1955-1969,
Historical Notes on the WLM. Park Ridge, Illinois, Wood Library-Museum, 1992, pp
10-14.
27.
Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, November
28.
Letter from Paul M. Wood, M.D., to John H. Hunt, May 8, 1956. The Collected Papers
of Paul M. Wood, M.D. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology Collection,
Park Ridge, IL.
29.
Foregger R. Richard von Foregger, Ph.D., 1872-1960: manufacturer of anesthesia
equipment. Anesthesiology 1996; 84(1):190-200.
30.
Rosenberg H, Axelrod JK. Henry Ruth: pioneer of modern anesthesiology.
Anesthesiology 1993; 78(1): 178-183.
31.
International College of Surgeons. International College of Surgeons: 1954-1956
Directory. Chicago, IL: International College of Surgeons; 1956.
32.
Minutes of Interim Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum,
June 15, 1968. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
33.
Letter from Kenneth C. McCarthy, M.D., to Albert M. Betcher, M.D., August 26, 1957.
Exhibit "C" of the Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-
34.
Museum, December 23, 1957. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology
Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
Foregger R. Death of a Company. Milwaukee: Harmar Press; 1997.
67
35.
Foregger LM. Letter from Lily M. Foregger to Paul M. Wood, M.D., May 19, 1960.
Ridge, IL.
36.
Neff W: Don't bury the Library-Museum in suburbia. Anesthesiology 1961; 22(4): 632633.
37.
Moore DC: The need is immediate. Anesthesiology 1961; 22(4): 633-635.
38.
Graham, Anderson, Probst & White of Chicago, IL. View from Busse Highway/Office
Building for the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc./Comm.# 8162. April 28,
1959 [Architectural Draft]. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology Collection,
Park Ridge, IL.
39.
Minutes of Annual Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum,
December 29, 1960. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
40.
September 9, 1963. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
41.
Interview of William S. Marinko by Elliott V. Miller, M.D., August 14, 2002 [videocassette]. Park Ridge (IL): John W. Pender Living History Collection. The Wood LibraryMuseum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
42.
Perkins & Will of of Chicago, IL: The WLM Addition for the American Society of
Anesthesiologists /Entrance Elevations:Two Story Fagade/Sheet# 6. February 16, 1962
[Architectural Draft]. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
43.
Beatty VL, Beatty WK. Walter L. Necker [obituary]. Bull Med Libr Assoc 1980; 68(3):
318-320.
44.
October 23, 1965. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
45.
Doctor McKesson memorialized in WLM. ASA Newsletter 1965; 29(6): 4.
46.
Morris LE. A perspective- E.I. McKesson (1881-1935). In: The History of Anesthesia.
Atkinson RS, Boulton TB (eds). London: Parthenon Publishing; 1989: 575-578.
47.
Tandy CC. Relevant random thoughts from a past chairman of the Wood LibraryMuseum of Anesthesiology, Historical Notes on the WLM. Park Ridge, Illinois, Wood
Library-Museum, 1992:19-22.
48.
Stephen CR. Lewis H. Wright: the man behind the lectureship. ASA Newsletter 1989;
53(8): 19-21.
49.
Stephen C. The Lewis H. Wright memorial lectureship. Bull Anesth Hist 1996; 14(3):
3,6.
50.
Letter of Clifford A. Bachrach, M.D. to Seymour Alpert, M.D., September 26, 1967.
Appendix to the Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-
51.
Museum, October 1, 1967. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
68
52.
Letter from Kaethe Lichard to Albert M. Betcher, M.D., March 7, 1969. Exhibit #3 of
the Minutes of Interim Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood LibraryMuseum, July 13, 1969. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
53.
Summarization of Thomas R. Schedler of Section Report of the Wood LibraryMuseum. Appended to Minutes of Meeting of the Scientific Council of the American
Society of Anesthesiologists, June 2, 1967. The Wood Library-Museum Collection,
Park Ridge, IL.
54.
Wood Library-Museum has new curator: Martin G. Levine. ASA Newsletter 1969;
33(9): 5,7.
55.
WLM establishes a "teaching resources center." ASA Newsletter 1970; 34(7): 1.
56.
Ellison N. James E. Eckenhoff, M.D., 1915-1996. ASA Newsletter 1997; 61(1): 31.
57.
Eckenhoff JE. Wood Library-Museum 1967-1970, Historical Notes on the WLM. Park
Ridge, Illinois, Wood Library-Museum, 1992: 15-18.
58.
Leahy JJ. Twenty-five years of living History. In: The History of Anesthesia: The Third
InternationalSymposium Proceedings. Fink BR, Morris LE, Stephen CR (eds). Park
Ridge, Illinois: Wood Library-Museum;1992: 277-278.
59.
Pender JW. Living History videotapes preserve specialty's heritage. ASA Newsletter
1989; 53(8): 13.
60.
Seegal D. Videotaped autobiographical interviews. An adjunct to medical education.
JAMA 1966; 195(8): 650-652.
61.
Oct 1, 1967. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
62.
Anesthesia exhibit at American College of Surgeons. ASA Newsletter 1969; 33(6): 4.
63.
January 10, 1970. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
64.
Interview of Patrick Sim, M.L.S. by Charles C. Tandy, M.D., March 5, 2004 [videocassette]. John W. Pender Living History Collection. The Wood Library-Museum
65.
August 20, 1971. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
66
[ASA Board of Directors] Approves Wood Library-Museum merger. ASA Newsletter
1971; 35(10): 5.
67.
Churchill JM. A Treatise on Acupuncturation; Being a Descriptionof a Surgical
Operation Originally Peculiarto the Japonese and Chinese, and by Them
DenominatedZin-King, Now Introduced into European Practice, with Directionsfor
Its Performance, and Cases Illustrating Its Success. London: Simpkin and Marshall;
1821: 76-78.
68.
Annual Report of the Librarian [Patrick Sim, M.L.S.] to the Board of Trustees of the
Wood Library-Museum, September 1973. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
69
69.
"John Hodge, our president has written Mr. Wood and asked him to come and give us
a lecture on hypnotism." Diary of Edith Blanche McCaughey, entry for September 15,
1897. Clinton County Historical Society, Frankfort, Indiana.
70.
Wood PM. Hypnotism from the viewpoint of anesthesia. N Y State J Med 1959;
59(8):1566-1568.
71.
Annual Report of the Librarian[ Patrick Sim, M.L.S.] to the Board of Trustees of the
Wood Library-Museum, October 1975. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
72.
Tribute to Dr. K. Garth Huston, Sr. by Charles C. Tandy, M.D., August 19, 1987.
Appendix I to Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood LibraryMuseum, August 19-20, 1987. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
73.
Annual Report of the Librarian [Patrick Sim, M.L.S.] to the Board of Trustees of the
Wood Library-Museum, September 1976. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
74.
Report of the Librarian [Patrick Sim, M.L.S.] to the Board of Trustees of the Wood
Library-Museum, October 1982. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge,
IL.
75.
76.
Calverley RK. K. Garth Huston, Sr., M.D.: November 15, 1926 - June 29, 1987.
Anesthesia History Association Newsletter 1994; 12(3): 9.
77.
Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, August
19-20, 1993. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
78.
Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, August 1617, 2001. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
79.
Knight N. Pain and Its Relief: An Exhibition at the National Museum of American
History. Washington, D.C.:Smithsonian Institution Press; 1983.
80.
Mrs. McKesson donates $5,000 for preceptorships. ASA Newsletter 1967; 31(6): 7.
81.
82.
ISD Inc of Chicago, IL: American Society of Anesthesiologists/515 Busse
Highway/Park Ridge, Illinois/Demolition, Construction, Telephone, & Electric
Plan/Project #1918, Drawing #A-1. May 2, 1977 [Architectural Draft]. The Wood
Library-Museum of Anesthesiology Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
83.
Library-Museum, October 1983. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge,
IL.
84.
Conlay LA. Professionalism and the acquisition of anesthesia's antiquities. ASA
Newsletter 2003; 67(9): 5-6.
70
85.
Miller EV. Presidential musings 1985-1992, Historical Notes on the WLM. Park Ridge,
Illinois, Wood Library-Museum, 1992: 23-24.
86.
Interview of Elliott V. Miller, M.D.. by Charles C. Tandy, M.D., May 24, 1999 [videocassette]. John W. Pender Living History Collection. The Wood Library-Museum
87.
88.
Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, March 23, 1988. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
89.
90.
91.
Chipman/Adams Ltd of Park Ridge, IL: First Floor Plan [of American Society of
Anesthesiologists/520 N Northwest Highway/Park Ridge, Illinois]. Undated, c.1990.
[Architectural Draft]. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
92.
Chipman/Adams Ltd of Park Ridge, IL: Museum Plan/Fixture Schedule/Key Plans of
American Society of Anesthesiologists /520 N Northwest Highway/Park Ridge, Illinois
(Job# 500-91/Sheet# F-1). December 4, 1991 [Architectural Draft]. The Wood LibraryMuseum of Anesthesiology Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
93.
Library-Museum, October 19, 1990. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
94.
Rendell-Baker L, Mayer JA, Bause G. Pioneers and innovators in anesthesia. In: The
Fourth InternationalSymposium on the History of Anaesthesia Proceedings. Schulte
am Esch J, Goerig M. Lubeck, Drager (eds). Park Ridge, Illinois: Wood LibraryMuseum Of Anesthesiology; 1998: 697-723.
95.
Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, August 1920, 1987. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
96.
Miller EV. A vision forged for the future of anesthesia. ASA Newsletter 1989; 53(8): 4-5.
97.
Cope DK, Calmes SH, Stephen CR, editors. Anesthesia History Association
Newsletters (1982-1995). Park Ridge, Illinois: Wood Library-Museum; 1992.
98.
Calverley RK. An early ether vaporizer designed by John Snow: a treasure of the
Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology. In: The History of Anesthesia: Third
InternationalSymposium Proceedings. Fink BR, Morris LE, Stephen CR (eds). Park
Ridge, Illinois: Wood Library-Museum; 1992: 91-99.
99.
Calmes SH: Dr. Rod Calverley- 1938-1995 [obituary]. BullAnesth Hist 1996; 14(2):
3,17.
71
100. Manuscript of "The evolution of the Charribre Ether Inhaler" by Samuel Tirer, M.D.
[unpublished manuscript]. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology Collection,
Park Ridge, IL.
101. Report of the Librarian [Patrick Sim, M.L.S.] to the Board of Trustees of the Wood
Library-Museum, August 19, 1987. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
102. Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, February
28 - March 1, 1991. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
103. Bause GS. A nitrous anesthetic declined: Sir Humphry Davy, PRS (1778-1829) portrayed by Sir Thomas Lawrence, PRA (1769-1830). In: The History of Anesthesia.
Atkinson RS, Boulton TB (eds). London: Parthenon Publishing; 1989: 488-494.
104. Interview of Charles C. Tandy, M.D. by Elliott V. Miller, M.D., Mar 2, 1995 [videocassette]. John W. Pender Living History Collection. The Wood Library-Museum
105. Tandy CC. Joseph Lister on chloroform: unique holograph now resides in WLM. ASA
Newsletter 1994; 58(9): 19.
106. Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, March 3-4,
1994 [amended August 18, 1994]. Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
Library-Museum, March 3-4, 1994. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
108. Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, August 1415, 1997. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
109.
Library-Museum, March 5-6, 1992. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
110. Fink BR, Morris LE, Stephen CR, editors. The History of Anesthesia: The Third
InternationalSymposium Proceedings. Park Ridge, Illinois: Wood Library-Museum of
Anesthesiology; 1992.
111.
19, 1996 [amended February 27, 1997]. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
112.
Wilson G. One Grand Chain. Melbourne, Australia: Australian and New Zealand
College of Anaesthetists; 1995.
113.
Bergman NA. The Genesis of Surgical Anesthesia. Park Ridge, Illinois: Wood LibraryMuseum of Anesthesiology; 1998.
114.
Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, August 17-
115. Minutes of Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, March 23, 2000. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
72
116.
Sheplock GJ, Bause GS. Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology Virtual Tour:
Explorations of Anesthesiology Through Time [CD-ROM]. Park Ridge, Illinois, Wood
Library-Museum of Anesthesiology, 1998.
117.
American Society of Anesthesiologists [homepage on the Internet]. Park Ridge (IL),
American Society of Anesthesiologists. Cusick J, Sheplock G, Bause GSL. Wood
Library-Museum virtual tour, 1998-2005. Available from: http://www.asahq/wlm.
118.
Report of Patsy Gerstner [of the Dittrick Medical History Center of Cleveland, OH] to
the Board of Trustees of the Wood Library-Museum, Feb 10, 1998. The Wood LibraryMuseum Collection, Park Ridge, IL.
119
120. Arkoff H, Ortega R. The Evolution of the Anesthesia Machine [CD-ROM]. Boston:
Anesthesia Associates of Massachusetts; 2000.
121. Ortega R. Leroy D. Vandam, M.D. An Anesthesia Journey [DVD]. Boston: Anesthesia
Associates of Massachusetts; 2004.
122. Bacon DR. The Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology: WLM dedicates curator's
room in John Lundy's honor. ASA Newsletter 2001; 65(4): 23.
124. Report of the Honorary Curator [George Bause, M.D.] to the Board of Trustees of the
Wood Library-Museum, October 11, 2003. The Wood Library-Museum Collection,
Park Ridge, IL.
125. Bause GS. Wood Library-Museum Gallery Tour [audio tour]. Toronto, Tour-Mate
Systems Canada Ltd, 2003.
Library-Museum, February 27-28, 2003. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
128. Holograph of "American scientists and the spirit of the frontier" [32 pages] of Linus
Pauling, Ph.D., September 10, 1975. The Wood Library-Museum Collection, Park
Ridge, IL.
129. Robinson J. A Treatise on the Inhalation of the Vapour of Ether,for the Prevention of
Pain in Surgical Operations; Containinga Numerous Collection of Cases in Which It
Has Been Applied, ....History of the Discovery - Descriptionof the Apparatus - Method
of Preparingthe Ether - Remarks as to the Time When the Operation Should
Commence, Etc....London: Webster & Company; 1847:7-19.
130. Letter from Paul M. Wood, M.D., to Albert M. Betcher, M.D., December 18, 1953.
Ridge, IL.
73
74

The Nine Lives of Paul Wood`s Collection - Wood Library

Transcription

Similar documents

Warranty Info

Hertco Express 20-DoorStyles_062013-A.indd

Riddles taken from I Am a Rock

1923 Ford Model T Huckster for Sale

Materials Matter - Fort Street Studio

PDF

www.FirstColorado.com 18205 Highway 285 Nathrop, CO 81236

Terra Plus Technical Data Sheet

Premium Wood Stain Brochure - Rust

BANGKI-OIL