Desalination In Saudi Arabia An Overview

Desalination In Saudi Arabia An Overview

Desalination In Saudi Arabia
An Overview
N. Nada
General Manager Desalination Nomac
Historical Background
 In 1928 King Abdul Aziz established Kendasa
(Condenser) in Jeddah (MED).
 1965 Ministry of Agriculture established desalination
department.
 1969 Duba and Alwajh desalination MSF plants
commissioned 198 m3/d (52000 gpd) each.
 1974 Saline water Conversion Corporation (SWCC)
established.
Jeddah Phase 1
SWCC Plants
Daily Production In KSA
East Coast
3.722 M m3/d
West Coast
3.892 M m3/d
Total
7.614 M m3/d
2.0
BGD
Desalinated Water Distribution According
to Process
RO
14%
Thermal
86%
MSF
MED
75%
11%
Basic Principal for Sea Water Intake
East Coast
West Coast
Shallow water -5m depth
deep Water
-17 m depth
Sea Water Pretreatment
RO
MSF
MED
BASIC DESALINATION ECONOMY
Coupling Desal Plants (Thermal or Membrane) with
Power Plant reduces energy requirement for
desalination by half.
Dual purpose plant or hybrid
Power + Thermal
Power + RO
Power + (Thermal + RO)
Dual Purpose Plant Configuration
B
G
MSF
MED
(1) Back Pressure Turbine
Dual Purpose Plant Configuration
B
G
T/C
MSF
MED
MSF
MED
(2) Extraction Condensing Turbine
FLOW DIAGRAM FOR DUAL PURPOSE PLANT
WITH THERMAL DESALINATION PLANT
Fuel Gases (NOx, SOx, P,
CO2)
FGD
ESP
Reject to sea
Fuel
B
BP Turbine
G
HFO
Anti foam
D/A
Vent
TBT = 85c –
112c
B
H
Cl2
H. Recovery
H. Rej
PW
antifoam
antiscalant
BRPP
CW
BDPP
SWP
P
Dual Purpose Plant Configuration
B
G
CW
T/C
RO
(3) Condensing Turbine
Dual Purpose Plant Configuration
B
G
DC
RS
MSF
RO
MSF
(4) Back Pressure Turbine + Hybridization (Thermal + RO)
Shuaibah Expansion IWPP
Shuaibah IWPP
Project cost
SR 9,188 million ~ $ 2,450 million
Power capacity
900MW (ACWA Net 270 MW)
Water capacity
880,000 M3/day
(ACWA Net 264,000 M3/d)
Contract type
20 year PWPA based on BOO
PCOD
14 January 2010
ACWA Ownership
30%
Shuaibah Expansion IWPP
Project cost
SAR 875 million ~ $ 233 million
Water capacity
150,000 M3/day
ACWA Net 45,000 M3/day
Contract type
20 year WPA based on BOO
PCOD
November 2009
ACWA Ownership
30%
FLOW DIAGRAM FOR DUAL PURPOSE PLANT WITH SWRO
Fuel Gases (NOx, SOx, P,
CO2)
FGD
ESP
Fuel
G
ECT
B
HFO
T/C
H2SO4
FeCl3
PE
SBS
HPP
Cl2
DMF
FWCW
MC
F
discharge
brine
ERT
1st Pass
2nd Pass
Lime
Shuqaiq IWPP
Project cost
SR 6,866 million ~ $ 1,831 million
Power capacity
850 MW
ACWA Net 289MW
Water capacity
212,000 M3/day
ACWA Net 72,080 M3/d
Contract type
20 year PWPA based on BOO
Scheduled PCOD
December 2010
ACWA Ownership
34%
flow diagram for SWRO
Ist Generation
Plant
Conf. Power
(MW)
Water P/W
(MGD)
J1
LT
50
ECT
5
10:1
Ak 1
LT
GT
J2
LT
25
ECT
5
J3
CT
62
ECT
5.8
J4
LT
120
ECT
11.6
M&Y1
LT
75
ECT
6
Job 1
CT
60
ECT
6
10:1
Job 2
CT
130
BPT
27.6
4.7 :1
Chem. TBT Com
Treat
m.
PR
Acid
120
1970
1980
10
Acid
120
1974
1982
10
5:1
Acid
120
1978
2007
10
10:1
Ad
107
1979
10.3:1 Ac/Ad
110
1982
12.5:1 Ac/Ad
120
1982
10
Ad
90
1982
8.5
Ad
112
1983
8.5
5
7
2005
7
2nd Generation
Plant
Conf.
Power
(MW)
Water
(MGD)
P/W
Chem.
TBT
Com
m
PR
Sho 1
CT
60
BPT
12
5:1
Ad
102
1988
8.5
Shuq 1
CT
80
BPT
15.2
5.3:1
Ad
102
1988
8.5
Sho 2
CT
100
BPT
24
4.2:1
Ad
110
1999
9.0
M&Y2
CT
80
BPT
18
4.4:1
Ad
110
2000
9.0
rd
3
Plant
Shoaiba 3
Conf.
Power
(MW)
CT +
RO
Marafiq
Ras Al-
CC + CT
Khair
+ RO
P/W
Chem.
TBT
Comm PR
.
232.5
5.2:1
Add.
110
2009
9.5
57
17.9:1
Acid
-
2010
-
211
13:1
Add.
63
2010
9.5
264
9.5:1
Add.
112
2013
9.5
1020
CC+CT
MED
Water
(MGD)
1200
Shuqaiq 2
RO
Generation
2743
2500
Rabigh IWSPP
Project cost
SR 4,279 million ~ $ 1,141 million
Power capacity
360 MW
ACWA Net 86MW
Water capacity
134,000 M3/day
ACWA Net 32,026 M3/day
Steam capacity
1,230 t/hr
ACWA Net 294 tons/hr
Contract type
25 year WECA based on BOOT
PCOD
June 2008
ACWA Ownership
23.9%
International Barges Company for Water
Desalination Ltd. BOWAREGE
Project cost
SR 370 million ~ USD 100 million
Water capacity
52,000 M3/day
ACWA Net 33,720 M3/d)
PCOD
First quarter 2008
ACWA Ownership
64.85%
Marafiq / Jubail IWPP
Project cost
SR 12,588 million ~ $ 3,360 mil
Power capacity
2,743 MW
ACWA Net 549 MW
Water capacity
800,000 M3/day
ACWA Net 160,000 M3/d
Contract type
20 year PWPA based on BOOT
Scheduled PCOD
March 2010
ACWA Ownership
20%
Marafiq / Jubail IWPP
Cogeneration Power & Water Block
HRSG
GT
151 MW
HRSG
BPT
256 MW
151 MW
HRSG
GT
G
151 MW
9 MED Evaporators
Cogeneration Power Block
HRSG
GT
151 MW
HRSG
GT
1G
ST
151 MW
GT
HRSG
151 MW
T/C
Rabigh IPP
Project cost
SR 9,397 million ~ $ 2,506 million
Power capacity
1,204 MW
ACWA Net 482MW
Contract type
20 year PPA based on BOO
Scheduled PCOD
April 2013
ACWA Ownership
40.0%
Present Desalination Practice in KSA
1. High Power Demand
2. High Water Demand
3. No Preferable Desalination Process
MSF,
MED,
RO
24MGD,
7.5MGD,
Unlimited
MSF
MED
RO
PR
9.5
9.5
4.6 KWhr/m3
TBT
112
63
Conf.
CT
TVC
Single & Double Pass
Size
24MGD
7.5 MGD
Unlimited
What is next?
Thermal Desalination Process
1- Implementation of solar energy.
2- Improve the performance ratio PR.
3- Develop high temperature antiscalant.
4- Reduce design fouling factor.
5- Improve the heat transfer coefficient.
Proposed improvement for
Membrane Desalination
1- Improve the existing commercially viable
membrane flux.
2- Improve salt rejection.
3- Resist organic fouling.
• In 1977 an agreement between US
Department of energy and KSA (KACST) was
signed for the corporation in the field of solar
energy to build freezing desalination plant
using solar energy to produce 180 m3/d.
• The plant was built in 1985 and run for two
years.
Solar Energy Water Desalination
Engineering Test Facility
Solar Panels
Freezing plant consist of:
1-Energy collection system, 18 solar panel with
total surface area 1285 m2.The design was
based on local solar radiation 8.3 kwhr/m2.
With Solar collector efficiency 65-68% steam
temperature reached 389 C.
Peak solar energy during operation 5400
kwhr/day.
2- Energy storage system.
3- Energy delivery system.
4- Supplementary diesel firing system.
5- Desalination Plant design parameters:
Daily production 180 m3/ d.
Sea water TDS 45000 ppm
Sea water temperature 35 C.
Product water TDS < 500 ppm.
Freezing Plant Flow Diagram
Freezing Plant View
Forgotten Desalination Process
• Freezing
• Advantages:
• 1- Low latent heat, energy consumption is (1/7)of the
MSF or MED.
• 2- No corrosion.
• 3- No antiscalant i.e. no pretreatment.
• 4- Near atmospheric pressure.
• 5- Direct heat transfer.
• 6- High thermodynamic efficiency of refrigerant cycle.
• 7- Consistent product water quality.
Thank you