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DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR IWMP­VII/2010­11 UNDER TALIHA CD BLOCK INTEGRATED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
- 2 - Estimated Cost: Rs.2.9865 Crores OFFICE OF THE STATE LEVEL NODAL AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT, GOVT. OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH, ITANAGAR
‐ 2 ‐ - 3 - Table of Contents Chapter 1 : Executive Summary &Project Background 1.1. Executive Summary & Project Background…………………………………………………………………………… Table no: 1 Basic Project Information ……………………………………………………………………………… Figure,1 Geographic location of IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) Project……………………………………………… 1.2. Need of Watershed Development Programme. ……………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 2: Weightage of the project. ……………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed …………………………………………………… Table no.3: Watershed information …….………………………………………………………………………….. 1.3. Other developmental projects/schemes running in the Project area…………………………………………………… Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: ……………………………………………… Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area ………………………………………………… Figure.2: Geographic condition of the project……………………………………………………………………… 08 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 15 16 17 Chapter 2: Project Implementing Agency 2.1. Project Implementing Agency. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 2.4. About Project implementing Agency, Block Development Officer, Taliha CD Block.……………………………….. 2.4.1 The organization and its objectives: . ………………………………………………………………………………… 2.5. SWOT Analysis of the PIA: . . ………………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 7: PIA: . ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 7.1: Staff at PIA level: . …………………………………………………………………………………… 18 21 21 21 22 22 Chapter 3 Basic Information of the Project Area 3.1. Geography and Geo­hydrology ………………………………………………………………………………………… 3.1.1 Land use pattern: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 8: Land use pattern:………………………………………………………………………………………… ‐ 3 ‐ 28 28 28
- 4 - 3.1.2 Soil and topography: ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 9: Soil type and topography:……………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition: ………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 11: Soil Erosion …………………………………………………………………………………………. Table no. 11.2: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress)………………………………………………………….. Table no.12: Climatic conditions …………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 13: Physiography and relief ... …………………………………………………………………………… 3.1.3 Land and Agriculture: ………………………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 14: Land ownership details………………………………………………………………………………. Table no. 15: Agriculture …………………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 16: Irrigation …………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 17: Crop details: …………………………………………………………………………………………. 3.1.4 Livestock:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 18: Livestock ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 33 33 3.1.5 Drinking water ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 19 : Drinking water………………………………………………………………………………………. Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources …………………………………………………………….. 3.2. Socio­Economic Profile ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3.2.1 Demographic Status: …………………………………………………...…………………………………………….. Table no. 21: Demographic information …………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 22: Literacy rate ………………………………………………………...……………………………….. 3.2.2 Migration Pattern: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 23: Migration details …………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 24: Poverty……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3.2.3 Infrastructure facilities: ………………………………………………………………………………………………. Table no. 25: Village infrastructure ………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets ………………………………………………………………………………… 3.3. Livelihood pattern: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 27: Per capita Income ……………………………………………………………………………………. 33 33 34 34 34 35 35 35 36 36 36 37 37 37 38
‐ 4 ‐ - 5 - 3.4 Dependence on Common Property Resource…………………………………………………………………………… 38 Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR ………………………………………………………………………….. 38 Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) ……………………………………………………… 38 3.5 Comparative data of the crop productivity of the area: project area vs. District vs. State vs. Country:………………… 39 Figure, 4 Comparative Productivity of Tur & Cotton in the project area ,Upper Subansiri dist., State and India Level­ 40 Figure, 5 Comparative Productivity of Wheat Crop in the project, Taliha, Upper Subansiri dist., State and India Level…40 Chapter 4: Watershed Activities 4.1.Scientific Planning: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects ………………………………………… Figure,6 Photographs of Focussed Group Discussion ……………………………………………………………… Figure,7 Photographs of PRA………………………………………………………………………………………. 4.2. Institution building …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 31: Watershed Committee details………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 32: SHG details…………………………………………………………………………………………… 4.2.3 User Group: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 33: UG detail……………………………………………………………………………………………… 4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP­VII/2010­11, Taliha……………………………………………….. 4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA) ……………………………………………………………………………………………. Table no.34: Entry point activities (EPA) (All financial figures in lakh) …………………………………………… 4.3.2. Watershed Development Works………………………..……………………………………………………………. Table no.35: Details of activities of preparatory phase (All financial figures in lakhs.............................................. Table no.36: Activities related to Surface water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs)…. Table no. 38: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas............................. Table no. 39: Other activities of watershed works phase – Proposed target cost in lakh: …………………………. Table no.40: Details of engineering structures in watershed works*………………………………………………. Table No. 40.1: Technical structure of Gully Plug …………..…………………………………………………….. Table No. 40.2: Estimation of Stone Bunding . ……………………………………................................................. Table No 40.3 Estimation of Farm Bunding ……………………..………………………………………………… Table No 40.4: Estimation of Nala Plug ……………………..…………………………………………………….. ‐ 5 ‐ 41 42 43 44 45 45 58 58 68 68 68 68 69 70 71 71 72 72 73 74 74 75
- 6 - Table no 40.6: Estimation of New Pond …………………………………………………………………………… Table no.41: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works…………………………… Table no.42: Details of allied / other activities……………………..………………………………………………. Table no.42.1: Estimation of Vermi Compost Unit……………………..………………………………………….. Table no.42.2: Estimation of Animal Husbandry ……………………..…………………………………………… Table no.43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas…………………………………………………. 4.4. Capacity Building: ……………………..……………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 44: Capacity Building Institution……………………..………………………………………………….. Figure,12 Photographs of Capacity Building ……………………..………………………………………………… Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan……………………..…………………………………………………………. Table no.46: Information, education and Communication Activities………………………………………………. 76 77 78 79 80 81 81 82 84 85 86 Chapter 5: Budgeting Table no. 47: Village wise­ activity wise budget……………………..…………………………………………….. Table no. 48: Budget at a glance ……………………..…………………………………………………………….. Table no.49: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes………………………………………………. 87 87 95 Chapter 6: Expected Outcome 6.1 Expected Outcomes ……………………..……………………………………………………………………………… 6.1.1 Employment ……………………..…………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 51: Employment in Project area ……………………..…………………………………………………… 6.1.2.Migration ……………………..……………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 52: Details of seasonal migration from Project area …………………………………………………….. 6.1.3: Ground water Table ……………………..…………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 53: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters) ……………………….. 6.1.4 Drinking water ……………………..………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 54: Status of Drinking water ……………………..……………………………………………………… 6.1.5 Crops ……………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………… Table no. 55 : Details of crop area and yield in the project area …………………………………………………… Table no. 56: Area under horticulture……………………..………………………………………………………… ‐ 6 ‐ 96 96 96 96 97 97 97 97 97 98 98 99
- 7 - 6.1.7 Vegetative cover ……………………..……………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 57: Forest/vegetative cover ……………………..……………………………………………………….. 6.1.8 Livestock ……………………..……………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 58: Details of livestock in the project areas……………………………………………………………… 6.1.9Linckages……………………..……………………………………………………………………………………….. Table no. 59: Backward­Forward linkages……………………..…………………………………………………… 6.2 Logical Framework Analysis ……………………..……………………………………………………………………. 99 99 99 100 101 101 102 Chapter 7: Quality and Sustainability Issue 7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation……………………..…………………………………………………………….. 7.2 Plans For Project management: ……………………..…………………………………………………………………. 7.3 Watershed Development Fund: . ……………………..………………………………………………………………… 7.4 User Charges: ……………………..……………………………………………………………………………………. Some photographs of Watershed interventions of Upper Subansiri. ………………………………………………………. 7.5 Technical Competency, allied matters & Minutes of meeting etc.……………………………………………………… ‐ 7 ‐ 104 104 104 104 105 106
- 8 - Chapter­I Executive Summary 1) A massive watershed management programme involving 5, 88,726 hectares numbering to 190 in the state is currently underway in the state of Arunachal Pradesh. This includes implementation of 4,29,471 ha with 145 projects under Integrated Wasteland Development programme(IWDP) / Hariyali which has since been renamed as Integrated watershed Management Programme ( IWMP) w.e.f April’2008 & with sanction of 45 projects totalling to an area for treatment of 1,59,255 ha with specific stress of livelihood components in different Community development blocks of the state. The State Agency, namely the State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) under Department of Rural Development is expected to play a reasonable role in executing these projects. Most of these implementations /constructions will take place in hilly topographical terrain for which modern machineries with adoption of low­cost technology as per site conditions will be required. 2) The rainy season in Arunachal Pradesh lasts from April to October during which extensive damages are caused to the road network /assets created of the state in the form of washing away by landslides causing risk to life & properties Inadequate availability of such projects in the blocks hinder the poverty­ alleviation, economic development, creation of employment avenues in this strategically located state. The CD Block of Nacho has latent potential for mass production of many income generating horticulture crops such as Orange, banana, black pepper etc. The potential and latent ability of the local tribal population to take advantage of the potential of the area and pursue livelihood with preserving environment can be best promoted through IWMP programme. 3) The inventory status of watershed implementation under rural Development through District Rural Development agencies with PIA as Block Development Officers, Arunachal Pradesh is far from satisfactory and revamping needed to be geared up for the upcoming Projects and also for the challenges thrown up in the rainy season, the Department requires ample measures of dedicated units at State, district, block & even at field levels. 4) In view of the above, this Detailed Project Report has been framed to elicit funds under “Integrated watershed management programme”. This Project envisages Watershed interventions to achieve desired goals with some chunk of funds earmarked for livelihood component, Production System & Micro­enterprise to the tune of Rs.68.6895 lakhs 5) The procurement of items under Scientific Instruments have been already done under Central assistance for setting up of SLNA/WCDC & insufficient amounts from Administrative Overheads of 2009­10 projects will lead to the capacity building of not only the Department­SLNA, WCDC, PIAs but also the local Communities/ Panchayat Raj Institutions of the State, which now is now languishing in infancy as compared to the other States of the country. SLNA is in the process of upgrading its ability through procurement of Scientific Instruments etc. especially from support under Central Assistance for setting up SLNA/WCDC. Emphasis on capacity building of personnel at SLNA, WCDC, PIAs and local community including elected Panchayat representatives is high on priority as there is an acute need for capacity upgradation for successful planning and implementation in reference to the given IWMP project. The PRIs in Arunachal Pradesh have not been adequately empowered and at present funds and functionaries have not been devolved to them. 6) The methodology of making this Project self sustaining after a few years has been elaborated in the Detailed Project Report.
‐ 8 ‐ - 9 - PROJECT BACKGROUND 1.1 Project Background Upper Subansiri born on 1 st June1980 bufurcating from erstwhile Subansiri is bounded by China on North, West Siang on the East & Kurung Kumey on the West.It is a mountaineous track which covers an area of 703200 ha with Daporijo as headquarter. It is situated in the Western part of Arunchal Pradesh & inhabited by Tagin, Nyishi, Hillmiri, Galo & Nah tribes .There are 157 village panchayats and 399 villages in the district. District is drained It is the largest river system covering more than 20,000 sq km area of the central part of state except a small area of the Southern Part of Lower Subansiri district. It also includes the Dikrong river valley area at the foot­hills. This river directly joins the Brahamputra and forms separate geo­ecological unit of an areal size of 1,614.6 sq km. The whole Subansiri basin has been divided into four sub­basins of an average size of 3,000 sq km, namely, the ranga river sub­basin the khru, the Kamla and the main Subansiri river sub­basin. It is also quite large and, therefore, has been further sub­divided into three catchment and one interfluve as the Tsari catchment, Middle Subansiri and the Syee river catchment and the lower Subansiri interfluve.Till 2008­09, there were 36 projects in Upper Subansiri district namely upper Subansiri­I to XXXVI (96,000 ha) & additional area sanction in 2009­10 for 5236 ha & 2010­11 for 22,532 ha under Integrated Management Programme (As IWMP­I­2009­10 in Giba CD Block & IWMP­IIto IX/2010­11in P/Geko, Nacho,Giba,B/rijo,Daporijo,Taliha,Siyum & Dumporijo CD Blocks). Thus, total area covered for implementation as on today is 1, 23,768 ha (96,000 ha under IWDP/Hariyali & 27,768 ha under IWMP). This district tops the state & the entire country in numbers of project under watershed. IWMP­VII/2010­11 project is located in Taliha Community Development Block, Upper Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh. This project is a cluster approach of 02 micro­watersheds (753 & 764) at Rigia & Tasring­800 ha, Momara ­700 ha, Dagam­491 ha villages for total 1991 ha respectively. Total project area of the watershed is 11,293 ha, undertaken to be treated under Integrated Watershed Management Program effective 2010­2011 till 2014, i.e., within a period of 4 years. The nearest town of the project is Daporijo, Dumporijo towns which is within 30­ 45km away. Village is well connected by road & porter track/ local footpaths are used to establish connectivity which may have to be improvised under the provision of the project also. The major community of the villages are Schedule Tribe & other OBC. Only schedule Tribe covers around 89.5 % of the total community. The livelihood of the project area is based on Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and wage labour through Contract works.
‐ 9 ‐ - 10 - Table no.1: Basic project information: Sl.N o. Name of the project 1 IWMP­ VII/2010­ 11 Villages Rigia & Tasring, Mering lura, Cheba mara, Momara & Lomdak Mara, Dagam village census code Block Rigia­00190200 & Taliha Tasring­00189500, Momara­00186100 & Dagam­00187400 District Upper Subansiri Project Period ( 4 Years) 2010­14 ‐ 10 ‐ Area proposed to be treated (ha.) 1991 Total project cost (lakh) 298.65 PIA BDO, Taliha CD Block
- 11 - Figure1: Geographic location of Project under Taliha, Upper subansiri District
‐ 11 ‐ - 12 - 1.2 Need of watershed development program: The need for undertaking a watershed based development programme is established on the basis of twelve parameters which are enumerated in Table No. 2 below: ­ Table No. 2 WEIGHTAGE OF THE PROJECT IWMP – VII/2010­11, TALIHA CD BLOCK, UPPER SUBANSIRI DISTRICT PROPOSED PROJECT AREA (HA) Rigia & Tasring­800 ha, Momara ­700 ha, Dagam­491 ha villages for total 1991 ha Sl. No. Criteria for establishing need Allotment of Score based on prescribed ranges and scores 1. Poverty Index 7.5 2. Percentage of SC/ST 10 3. Actual Wages 0 5. Percentage of Small and Marginal Farmers Ground Water Status 0.00 6. Moisture Index 0.00 4. 7. 8. Area under agriculture Drinking rainfed Water 10 15 7.5 Type of Project (Hilly/Desert/Others) Hilly Basis of Allotment / Remarks Based on 75% of BPL households, Table No. 27.5, Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2007 Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt of Arunachal Pradesh Based on 91% of ST population as per 2001 census (Table 1.8, Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2007 Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt of AP) The other population is mostly from OBC/ Gen. Based on field assessment of project village and other habitations in Taliha CD block where it was found that actual wages were higher than the prescribed min wages. Especially after accounting for non monetary factors such as food and drink. Based on field assessment of Project village, where it was found that approximately 80% of the HH were engaged as small and marginal farmers The ground water was not found to be in use in and near project village, The region has high rainfall and no portion of project area is either desert or desert prone. The block is neither under DDP nor under DPAP. There were no man made sources of irrigation identified / found in project villages and it was assessed that around more than 90% was dependent on rainfed agriculture – Drinking water is a major problem in the Project area.
‐ 12 ‐ - 13 - situation in the area 9. % of degraded land 15 10. Productivity of land 15 11. 12. potential Continuity of another watershed Cluster approach for plain / hilly terrain 0 10 The top soil was found to be degraded in most of the areas because of high level of run­off. More than 45% of the area was found to be degraded in the survey. It is assessed that productivity potential of the project area is very high, and it can be achieved successfully through proper and scientific watershed based works such as check dams, contour farming and pursual of environment friendly livelihoods. Neither contiguous to previously treated watershed nor contiguity within the micro water shed in the project Less than 3 micro watershed areas were in cluster in hilly terrain. 95 Table no.2.1: Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed: SL. Criteria No. I Poverty index (% of poor to population) Ii % of SC/ ST population Iii Actual wages Iv V Vi Vii % of small and marginal farmers Ground water status Moisture index/ DPAP/ DDP Block Area under rain­fed agriculture Maximu m score 10 Above 80 % (10) 10 5 10 5 15 15 Ranges & scores 80 to 50 % (7.5) 50 to 20 % (5) More than 40 % (10) Actual wages are significantly lower than minimum wages (5) More than 80 % (10) 20 to 40 % (5) Actual wages are equal to or higher than minimum wages (0) 50 to 80 % (5) Less than 20 % (3) Over exploited (5) ­66.7 & below (15) DDP Block More than 90 % (15) Critical (3) ­33.3 to ­66.6 (10) DPAP Block 80 to 90 % (10) Sub critical (2) 0 to ­33.2 (0) Non DPAP/ DDP Block 70 to 80% (5) ‐ 13 ‐ Below 20 % (2.5) Less than 50 % (3) Safe (0) Above 70 % (Reject)
- 14 - Viii Drinking water Ix Degraded land X Productivity potential of the land 10 15 15 No source (10) High – above 20 % (15) Lands with low production & where productivity can be significantly enhanced with reasonable efforts (15) Xi Contiguity to another watershed that has already been developed/ treated 10 Xii Cluster approach in the plains (more than one contiguous micro­ watersheds in the project) Cluster approach in the hills (more than one contiguous micro­ watersheds in the project) 15 Partially covered (5) Fully covered (0) Low­ less than 10 % of TGA (5) Lands with high production & where productivity can be marginally enhanced with reasonable efforts (5) Contiguous to previously treated watershed & contiguity within the microwatersheds in the project (10) Above 6 micro­watersheds in cluster (15) Problematic village (7.5) Medium – 10 to 20 % (10) Lands with moderate production & where productivity can be enhanced with reasonable efforts (10) Contiguity within the microwatersheds in the project but non contiguous to previously treated watershed (5) 4 to 6 microwatersheds in cluster (10) Above 5 micro­watersheds in cluster (15) 3 to 5 microwatersheds in cluster (10) 2 to 3 microwatersheds in cluster (5)
Neither contiguous to previously treated watershed nor contiguity within the microwatersheds in the project (0) 2 to 4 microwatersheds in cluster (5) Table no.3: Watershed information Name of Project IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) Name of the village No. Of mini watersheds to be treated Rigia, Tasring 02 ,Momara & Dagam villages Watershed code as in delineation 753,764 ‐ 14 ‐ Watershed regime/type/order Micro­Watersheds. - 15 - 1.3 Other developmental projects/schemes running in the project area : i. All the Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) programmes including the developmental programmes of Department of RD, MoRD, MoH&FW, and MoW&SJ Govt of India are being implemented. The SGSY programme and the ICDS programme cover the women and SHGs. The health issues in the rural areas of the project are taken care of by the NRHM programme. The IAY programme of MoRD addresses rural housing needs. The TSC programme of Dept of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Govt of India is addressing drinking water and sanitation needs. However the outreach of these programmes is limited. Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: Sl no Name of the programme Sponsoring agency /scheme Objectives of the Year of Villages Estimated programme/scheme commencement covered number of beneficiaries 1. IAY D.R.D.A Housing 2005­06 4 130 2. TSC PHED Sanitation campaign 2005­06 4 130 3. MGNREGS DRDA Employment generation 2007­08 4 130 4. SGSY DRDA Help to SHG & B.P.L. 2006 4 130
‐ 15 ‐ - 16 - Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area: (Details of the watershed programmes in the Block & District) Sl
Project Year Name of No. Of Watershe Area Fundi Nodal no Name started villages micro d codes under ng agency watershed PIA treatment source (ha.) Total Expenditure % financial cost incurred up completion (in to start of ( as on lakhs) IWMP 06/2010) (cost) 1 Upper 2002­ Subansiri­I 03
to XXXVI Nacho, Micro ­ Daporijo, watersheds 96,000 Govt. DRDA, BDO, Daporijo Nacho, 5760 Rs.3255.35 84.17% on lakh total cost. to2006­ Puchigeko of 1:50,000 Daporijo ( As on 07. , 06/2010 & Dumporij Puchige on released o, Siyum, ko, amounts) Baririjo,G Dumpor iba,Taliha ijo, , scale. Siyum, Baririjo, Giba,Tal iha. There are watershed projects taken up under NWDPRA & WDPSCA under Agri & Horti Deptts. As indicated in the State Perspective Strategic plan also.
‐ 16 ‐ - 17 - Figure­2: Geographical condition of the project:
‐ 17 ‐ - 18 - CHAPTER­2 PROJECT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY 2.1 District Level Institutional arrangements / Watershed Cell cum Data Centre [WCDC] in DRDA:
· Arunachal Pradesh State Government has issued orders to establish the District Watershed Development Unit (DWDU) in each district with Project Director / District head of line departments as Project Manager (on specific approval of SLNA). Orders have also been issued for constituting a District Watershed Cell cum Data Centre at the level of each DRDA in Arunachal Pradesh. In the instant project WCDC of DRDA which is currently overseeing the implementation of watershed programme in its respective district having separate independent accounts for this purpose, shall continue to function in close coordination with District Planning Committee, etc.
· The Block Development Officers have been designated as Programme Officers under MG­NREGA and have been entrusted to implement the programme through the Gram Panchayats. These Block Development Officers (BDOs) also function as Project Implementation Agency under IWMP. The presence of the BDOs ensures convergence with MG­NREGA.
· WCDC have been envisaged as separate / autonomous units under DRDA with a full time office with at least 5 years experience in facilitating planning and implementation of watershed based development programmes, not below the rank of Technical Assistant as a subject specialist. The main functions of WCDC will be : a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) Identify potential Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) in consultation with SLNA as per the empanelment process as decided by the respective state governments. Take up the overall responsibility of facilitating the preparation of strategic and annual action plans for watershed development projects in respective districts. Providing professional technical support to Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) in planning and execution of watershed development projects. Develop action plans for capacity building, with close involvement of resource organizations to execute the capacity building action plans. Carry out regular monitoring, evaluation and learning. Ensure smooth flow of funds to watershed development projects. Ensure timely submission of required documents to SLNA / Nodal Agency of the Department at central level. Facilitate co­ordination with relevant programmes of agriculture, horticulture, rural development, animal husbandry, etc with watershed development projects for enhancement of productivity and livelihoods. i) Integrate watershed development projects/ plans into District Plans of the district planning committees. All expenditure of watershed projects would be reflected in district plans. j) Establish and maintain the District Level Data Cell and link it to the State Level and National Level Data Centre. '
‐ 18 ‐ - 19 - The DWDU / District Watershed Cell have been notified commonly for all District of Arunachal Pradesh with PD, DRDA / Districts Officers of Line Departments (EE of Works Department / DHO / DAO / DFO/DVO) subject to specific approval of SLNA / State Govt). For the purpose of this project the WCDC under DRDA, Daporijo with APO( Agri & Allied) designated as officer concerned under PD, DRDA,Daporijo will function as overall coordinators of the project. Table 6: Details of WCDC : 1 2 3 4 5 Date of Name of the signing Name of the Status of S. No. executing of MoU District Chairman@ Agency# with SLNA 1 Upper subansiri PD, DRDA, Not Yet Daporijo to function as DRDA, Project Daporijo Managerund (With a er the WCDC guidance of headed by designated TA (RE) officer at under PD, column­3. DRDA, Daporijo on approval of SLNA). 6 7 8 Monthly Details of the two personnel engaged in the Watershed Cell funded by DoLR emolume Total no. of nts of all Contact persons persons Name and Monthly Date of Nature of Tenure Ph. No./ Qualifi­ Experienc working for (No. of Role working Designatio Remunera Appoint­ appoint­ Fax/ e­ cation e $ IWMP n tion ment ment years) for mail IWMP 5 nos at Rs.40,00 1. T.Ruja, Contract/ Till the 09436229 Have been WCDC 0 Project Rs.15, w.e.f.01/ As per completi 836,09436 Degree in Overall under Manager. 000.00 for 11/2010. Govt. on of the 637569 involved control of DRDA, payment transfer project. in Watershe Daporijo of & Watershed d with the PD 2.
honorariu posting. manageme program as Project T.Garam, m/TA/DA A Tech nt for last me. Manager.(St TA (RE) as per degree/ 6 yrs. nominated actual experie Planning aff details to do works nced in / as per footnote) duties of done by watersh Supervisi Technical Tech. ed
on and Expert on Expert i/c manage Monitori approval hiring of ment for ng (MIS)
of SLNA. other last 6 experts. years. ‐ 19 ‐ - 20 - Staffs to work in WCDC under DRDA with rates of emoluments: Table No. 6.1 Sl. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. Post Monthly Remarks Emolument (in Rs.) Technical Expert Rs.15,000/­P.M. TA /APO , DRDA, Daporijo, who is designated as Nodal officer, WCDC under DRDA & will perform duties of technical expert . Other tech. officers of DRDA, Daporijo & Taliha CD Block will also assist him & if needed can hire experts from outside of DRDA/Block .The monthly rate earmarked will be utilized for disbursements of remuneration /honorarium/TA/DA to experts hired. Accountant Rs.10000/­ P.M It is proposed that a professional with backgrounds in maintaining accounts, preferably a retired professional be engaged for this task. Till a suitable person is identified and placed, the accounts clerk in DRDA will perform the duties as Accounts officer for WCDC. This arrangement has been forwarded to the SLNA for approval. Data Entry Operator – Rs.6000/­ 2 nos of Data Entry Operators may be taken on contract. 2 nos Office Assistant Rs.3000/­ For multipurpose usage as peon / helper 2.2 Role of Panchayati Raj Institutions at district and intermediate levels: The full responsibility of overseeing the watershed program within the district will lie with the WCDC which will work in close collaboration with the District Planning Committee (DPC). The District Planning Committee is constituted under provisions of Article 243 ZD of Indian Constitution, maintaining the centrality of PRIs. The DPC will provide full governance support to the programme, DPC will formally approve the Perspective Plan & integrate the watershed development plans approved by SLNA & agreed upon by DOLR with over all district plans and also oversee its implementation. WCDC will help the DPC in providing oversight and ensuring regular monitoring and evaluation of the programme. WCDC being headed by the Project Director of the respective DRDA, the Annual Plan/s as well as the Perspective Plan shall be placed in the DRDA Governing Body meeting also. The District Panchayat / Zilla Parishad will have an important role of governance in matters relating to the co­ordination of various sectoral schemes with watershed development projects, review of progress, settling disputes etc. Similarly, Intermediate Panchayats have an important role in planning the watershed development projects at the intermediate level. They can also provide valuable support to PIAs and Gram Panchayats/ Watershed Committees in technical guidance with the help of their subject matter specialist.
‐ 20 ‐ - 21 - 2.3. Project Implementing Agency The Project Implementing Agencies (PIA) is selected by an appropriate mechanism by the State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA. Itanagar) for Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) duly ratified by Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh. The PIAs are responsible for implementation of watershed project. These PIAs may include relevant line departments, autonomous organizations under State/ Central Governments, Government Institutes/ Research bodies, Intermediate Panchayats; Voluntary Organizations (VOs).The PIA for IWMP­VII/2010­11 Taliha Watershed Project is Block Development Officer, Taliha CD Block. 2.4 About Project Implementing Agency, Block Development Officer, Taliha CD Block 2.4.1 The organization and its objectives: PIA of the IWMP­VII/2010­11 project is BDO, Taliha CD Block. The Deputy Commissioner­Cum­CEO is the head of DRDA, Daporijo with Project Director as member Secretary, which being nodal agency in the district. PIA has dedicated and experienced staff, There is an Asst Project Officer in Rural Engineering, Assistant Project Officer (Monitoring), DRDA (Agri ansd allied). Technical Assistance (IWDP) Village level worker, Gram Sevika and a watershed development team (WDT) of 4­5 members of civil engineering, agriculture expert and community mobilization expert, Data Entry Operator, surveyor, and accountant or other allied subjects based on activities to be taken up who could be taken as member of WDT such as RFO of Forest Deptt. The objective of the PIA is supervising, planning, implementing, documenting and promoting watershed development projects and related developmental activities at project level as per guidelines. This also submits the documents at the district level. 2.5 SWOT Analysis of the PIA: Strength: I. Dedicated and experienced staff and a watershed development team II. State level Govt department III. Strong linkages with national, state and district level institutions, agricultural universities, KVKs and NGOs for capacity building and technical guidance IV. Scientific planning in watershed projects with the help of SRSAC, Itanagar, NESAC, Umiam, Meghalaya V. Project level monitoring, coordination & Co­operation Committee Weaknesses I. The staff available at block level is not well versed with IT skills. II. The power supply is erratic and therefore adversely affects the office productivity. III. Internet facilities are not available in all places of the blocks. The internet connectivity is usually limited to the block headquarters only. IV. The logistical facilities available with the BDO are limited.
‐ 21 ‐ - 22 - Opportunities: I. II. III. A number of different other development schemes of the government are running; so, there can be horizontal integration and convergence of programmes Better financial provision under IWMP Usage of new ICT tools like GIS, GPS Threats: I. II. III. Undulating land in the project area, the activities planned to be taken up may yield limited impact Torrential rainfalls during monsoon with onset of May till Oct thereby squeezing working season & project period getting extended. Although Block has an ongoing project but the specific project area, since not covered yet may take time for sensitization & slow down implementation. Table no. 7: Details of PIA: Sl. No. 1) Names of project IWMP­VII/2010­ 11 Taliha Type of organization Name of organization Designation & Address Telephone Fax E­mail Details of PIA PIA (Project Implementation Agency) is a Govt. agency. Block Development Office Block Development Officer, Taliha CD Block Table no. 7.1: Staff at PIA level: The Block Development Office in Arunachal Pradesh is a State Government agency and these offices are properly staffed with staff engaged on regular basis comprising of ADO, Veterinary Doctor, EO(RE), EO (credit), VLW, Accountant & other supporting staffs from various disciplines. A Watershed Development Team (WDT) of 4 – 5 members is drawn from concerned officers of the corresponding DRDA and the CD Block in which the project is being implemented. In the case of IWMP – VII/2010­11 a WDT of 4 members drawn from amongst the DRDA Daporijo have been constituted. The SLNA is to approve this team that has been recommended by the WCDC Daporijo.
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- 27 - However the PIA is expected to give details of WDT in this Format Sl no Name Age Sex Designation Qualification Experience 1 2 3 4 5. 6. 7.
‐ 27 ‐ Job assigned Monthly remuneration (Rs.) - 28 - CHAPTER­3: BASIC INFORMATION OF THE PROJECT AREA 3.1. Geography and Geo­hydrology 3.1.1 Land use pattern: The net geographical area of Rigia Tasring, Momara & Dagam villages is11, 293ha & project area is 1991 ha. Out of which 100% is rain fed area. About 2.46% of land is under agriculture which is almost rain­fed; mainly Kharif crops are taken in the area. Somehow extent farmers take Rabi crops in their farms. But they don’t cultivate Zaid crops in their fields. About 2.73% of the total land is classified under wasteland out of which only 2.73 percent land is cultivable and rest is uncultivable and hilly. About 0.2% land is also comes under permanent pasture land. Table no. 8: Land use pattern: Sl.no Name of villages Geographical Area of village(Ha) Forest Area(Ha) Land Under agricultural use (Ha) Rainfed area(Ha) Permanent Pastures(Ha) Wasteland (Ha) Cultivable Non­cultivable 1. Rigia, Tasring 11293 ,Momara & Dagam villages 7327 275 11293 ‐ 28 ‐ 1393.7 597.3 1700
- 29 - 3.1.2. Soil and topography: IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) watershed project falls under North­Southern Agro Climatic Zone. The soil is mainly sandy ­Sandy loam. Depth of the soil is medium to deep about .20 to 20 cm. The predominant texture of soil is sandy to sandy loam. The soil fertility is high with High nutrient index (organic carbon­2.99(H), phosphate­2.22(L) & potassium­1.55(H). The topography of the area is High Mountains, moderately side slope & inters hill valleys. The rainfall is high. The average rainfall of this area is about 1714.65mm (from past five year data). This uneven distribution is leading to runoff of soil every year to the streams and rivulets. Table no. 9: Soil type and topography: Sl.no 1. Name of the Agro­climatic Zone covers project area Sub Tropical Area in ha 11293 Names of Villages Major Soil types Topography a).type Rigia,Tasring,Moma Sandy skeletal loamy (Blackish & ra & Dagam Reddish) Structural hills & intermountain valleys. Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition: Sl no 1 Name of Project Flood (Incidence) IWMP­VII/2010­11 Drought (Incidence) Severe once/twice during monsoon(May to Oct) every year NA Table no. 11.1: Soil Erosion and Wind Erosion Cause Type of erosion A B C Sheet Rill Gully Sub­total Wind erosion Area affected (ha) 1500 1000 500 3000 NA
Run off (mm/year) 1710 ‐ 29 ‐ Average soil loss (Tonnes/ ha/ year) 378 - 30 - Table no. 11.2: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) Name of the Village Rigia, Dagam Tasring, Survey Number Soil pH Momara Rigia­00190200 & Tasring­00189500, Momara­00186100 & Dagam­00187400 5.2 to 6.8 Type of Salinity (Inherent/Ingress) Moderately to slightly acidic in nature. Table no.12: Climatic conditions: Sl.no 1 Name of project IWMP­VII/10­ 11(Taliha) Village name Average rainfall­last 5 years Average temperature(Degree) Summer Max 35 Rigia, Tasring, Momara 1714.65 Dagam Winter Min 14. Max Min 20 11 Table no. 13: Physiography and relief Sl.No Project name IWMP­VII/10­11(Taliha) 1 Name of Villlage Rigia, Tasring, Dagam ‐ 30 ‐ Elevation (mt) Momara 512 Major streams Slope range (%) 3­8% Subansiri River.
- 31 - 3.1.3 Land and Agriculture: Due to undulating soil and lack of surface water source, ground water has sufficient base for irrigation as well as for drinking purpose in every village. The average land holding of the project is about 8.58 ha ranging .Lack of irrigation source forces the majority of the farmers to migrate to ensure their livelihood or work as a wage labour in another farmer’s field. The major crops in the project area cultivated by the farmers are Paddy, Maize, and Millet in kharif season. Some of the farmers take up pea, potato, vegetables & Mustard in Rabi if rainfall is good. The land conservation measures such as channel in the villages help them to take up a Rabi crop in the residual moisture. But other soil and water conservation structures like farm bunding, nala plug, Check dam, gully plug and new pond will also help the farmers to take up other crops like sugarcane, irrigated wheat, vegetables crops also. Table no. 14: Land ownership details: Sl no 1 Name of Village Total owned land ( ha) Gen OBC SC ST Rigia, Tasring, Momara & Dagam 0 0 0 HHs giving land on lease HHs taking land on lease There is no practice of taking up or giving land on lease on commercial terms in the rural areas of Arunachal Pradesh. There is a system of giving land to members of same clan and 1592.8 to poorer members from the extended family. The cultivators who work on the land often provide with a part of the produce in gratitude to the owners, however parting with produce is not mandatory.
Table no. 15: Agriculture Sl no Village Net sown area (Ha.) Single crop 1 Rigia, Tasring, Momara & Dagam 74.40 ‐ 31 ‐ Double crop Mixed Crop 29.22 0.96 - 32 - Table no. 16: Irrigation Sl no Village Source 1 : Canal (Channel) Availability Net area(Ha) in months 1 Rigia, Tasring, Momara & Dagam 6 Source 2 : Check dam / Pond Source 3 : Well / Bore Gross area(Ha) Availability in months Net area (Ha) Gross area(Ha) Availability in months Net area(Ha) Gross area(Ha) NA 6 NA NA 6 NA NA
NA Table no. 17: Crop details: Sl. No Village Kharif (Monsoon) Maize Paddy Area(Ha) 1 Sl. No Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam villages 14.62 Productio Productivity Area n(kg) (kg/ha) (Ha) 1578.8 107.99 2.74 Village 1 Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam villages Production Productivity Area Production Productivity (kg) (kg/ha) (Ha) (kg) (kg/ha) 42.31 15.44 3.50 55.43 15.83 Rabi (Winter) Potato Pea Area (Ha) 0.63 Millet Producti Productivit Area on(kg) y(kg/ha) (Ha) 1.72 2.73 0.52 ‐ 32 ‐ Production Productivity (kg) (kg/ha) 16.87 32.43 Vegetables Area (Ha) Production (kg) Productivity (kg/ha) 0.98 5.044 5.14 - 33 - 3.1.4 Livestock: In the IWMP­VII/2010­11 (Taliha) project, there are 281 cattle, 121 goats, 300 pigs, 195 mithuns, 105 dogs, 1087 total livestock, and 783 poultry. In the village poultry, piggery, mithun/cow rearing are the main source of livelihood and the source of income. Mainly cows and Mithun are of local breed. Owing to the area in rainfed the fodder and pasture availability for their animals are abundant. There is migration of the villagers to other parts of the state. Milk production is very low in the area. There is no dairy cooperative also. Table no. 18: Livestock Sl. no 1 Village Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam villages Mithun Cow Total No Milk lit/day No Milk lit/day No Milk lit/day 195 NA 166 NA 281 NA Goat Sheep Bullock 121 Hen 386 3.1.5 Drinking water: Source of drinking water in the project area is through gravity system by Public Health Engineering Depth, govt. of Arunachal pradesh. These provide drinking water to the villagers up to 8­9 month. But the remaining months they face a lot of problem. The quality of the water is contaminated also. Table no. 19: Drinking water Sl. no 1 Village Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam villages Ground water table (mt) 6­7 Source of drinking water Openwell /Borewell /HandPump / Subansiri River &WS managed by PHED, Govt. of A.P. Availability in months 8 to 9 months in a year Quality Contaminated ‐ 33 ‐ 22
- 34 - Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources Sl.
Name of No. Project 1. CPR Particulars IWMP­ Wasteland / degraded lands VII/10­ Pastures 11(Taliha) Orchards (Nursery / Horti) Forest Community Buildings Village Ponds / Tanks Village Woodlot Weekly Markets Temples / Places of Worship Others Total Total Area (ha) Area owned / in possession of Pvt. Govt. PRIs Any other Persons (Specify Dept) (specify) 597.3 1700.00 0.00 0.00 1393.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5492.25 1831.75 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 65.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7573.25 3531.75 0.00 0.00 Area available for treatment under IWMP­III / 2010­ 11 (Yachuli) (in ha) Pvt Govt. PRIs Any other Persons (Specify Dept) (specify) 597.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 1393.7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1991 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.2. Socio­Economic Profile 3.2.1 Demographic Status: IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) project has been initially planned to cover villages in Taliha CD Block. It has a total of 130 households with 668 populations (as per 2001 census) out of which 399 are male and 269 are female. Sex ratio of the district is 960 female to 1000 male. This ratio varies from village to village. Area covers maximum ST population about 91 %, . SC population is very negligilble in the project area. The average family size is 5 nos. There are 97 BPL families in the project area. The literacy rate of the area is 40.43 %, out of which male literacy rate is 24.48% and female literacy rate is 15.96%.
‐ 34 ‐ - 35 - Table no. 21: Demographic information Sl
No 1 Village Population Total Rigia, Tasring 668 Momara & Dagam Male 399 Female 269 SC Total Male ST Female % Total Male Female % 607 364 243 91 Table no. 22: Literacy rate The literacy rate for the district is 40.43 per cent according to census 2001, The literacy rate for the males is 24.48% while the female literacy rate for the district is 15.96 %. There are no available data sources for village wise literacy rates. Therefore literacy rates for the villages mentioned below are based on district literacy rates. However an assessment of the project area suggests that actual literacy rates to be lower than district average. Sl No 1 Villages Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam Total Population 668 Total % 270 40.43 Literacy Male % 164 24.48 Female % 106 15.96 3.2.2 Migration Pattern: Migration percentage of the Project Area is 3%. People migrate to other districts & different parts of the country in search of better medical facilities, employment­ contractual works, daily wagers, agricultural labours and construction workers. Every farmer residing in the village has either little or abundant landholding but lack of technical know how, adoption of primitive farming system donot yield more which force these people to migrate to other places.
‐ 35 ‐ - 36 - Table no. 23: Migration details Sl. Village Total No population 1 Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam 668 Migration 19­20 Migration by months Main reason for migration December – January – February­March Lean Season, Crop Failure, Persual of education facilities, medical facilities and contractual works Income during migration / month 3200/­ to 4000/­ per month Table no. 24: Poverty Sl. No 1 Village Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam Total Household Total BPL HH % of BPL HH Total Land less HH % of land less HH 130 97 91 NIL NIL 3.2.3 Infrastructure facilities: The project area is not connected by road & the inhabitants have to trot long distance to reach actual project site. There is Primary school at Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam villages & Higher Secondary study centres at Daporijo town etc which is 40­75km away. Health Centres are there at Nacho but facilities are less. To avail better facilities they have to go to Daporijo or Itanagar. Electricity is available in the village except irregular supplies. No bank for these villagers except they have to go to Daporijo off around 40­75 km away. There is no post office in the village but for better facilities they have to go to the nearest post offices at Daporijo HQ. People go to this place for selling and buying of the products at Daily market to sell off their local products & other marketing at Local centres. There are no milk collection centre and milk cooperative in the villages except they depend on local dairy maintained in the area. All households have electricity facility and 50% families have latrine facilities managed.
‐ 36 ‐ - 37 - Table no. 25: Village infrastructure: Sl. No Village 1 Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam Pucca road to the village (Y/N) N. Schools Colleges (No) Primary M.E HS School Y Y N N Post Office (Dis) Banks (No) N N Distance from nearest market yard 10­15 km Milk collect centre (No) Milk coop. (No) Other cooperatives / CBIs (No) Any other inst. N N N SBI at Daporijo. Table no.26: Facilities/ HH assets: SL no Village HHs with electricity HHs with safety latrines 1 Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam 70 NA HHs with phones Landline Mobile NA NA HHs with vehicle 2­wheeler 4­wheeler NA NA HHs with TV set NA HHs HHs with Drinking water with cooking gas NA NA HHs with fridge NA 3.3. Livelihood pattern: The villagers earn their livelihood from agriculture and animal husbandry, contractual works by daily Wages, Govt. jobs in the area Daporijo, Basar, Ziro towns & adjoining other nearest towns of the District.
‐ 37 ‐ - 38 - Table no. 27: Per Capita Income ( per month) Sl. No 1 Village Agriculture (Rs) Rigia, Tasring Momara 650 & Dagam Animal husbandry (Rs) 750 Casual labour (Rs) 700 Others (Rs) Total (Rs) 900 3000 3.4. Dependence on Forest/Common Property Resource: Forest products including Non Timber Forest Produce (NTFP) are the main CPR. People use the CPR and forest resources for fodder and cooking purposes. They use all these things for self consumption, house construction & forest produce­ bamboo, teak/ banana / toko leaves / timber etc form a great amount of earning source for the villagers. Table 28: Dependence on Forest / Common Property Resource Village Cooking / heating % Income (Rs.)S Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam 30 300 Forest Produce Fodder Income (Rs.) % % ­ Nil 70 Other Income (Rs.) Total income (Rs) % Income (Rs.) 600 100 900 Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) Sl. No 1 Village Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam Total Agriculture workforce 268 153 Animal husbandry (AH) Agriculture + AH Casual labour Services Handicraft Others 71 18 10 9 7
‐ 38 ‐ - 39 - 3.5. Comparative data of the crop productivity of the area: project area vs. District vs. State vs. Country : “The term productivity in general means the total output per unit of factor input. For example land productivity means output per hectare of land. Productivity is an average and is calculated by dividing the total output of a particular crop by the total cultivated area under that crop.” Data are made available by the Baseline survey for Rigia, Tasring Momara & Dagam Villages, Handbook of Agriculture, ICAR publication informations of Dept. of Agriculture, Upper Subansiri. The results indicate that this project has low productivity compared to world, India, other district of the state. The productivity is low not only because of the land is unproductive or the farmer’s lack of the skill to manage their crops but also due to lack of irrigation facilities yet to be properly established. In IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) project people grow crops like Paddy, Maize and Millet in Kharif season. And they take Rabi crops like Potato, Oilseeds, Pulses .The main crop of the project area is Maize & Paddy. The productivity of Paddy in India is ­­­ kg/ha. In Arunachal Pradesh state the productivity of this is 176.33 kg/ ha. In Upper subansiri district this is­ 14,705 kg/ha. In the project area out of 1095 ha, Paddy is grown in only 8.03 ha area with the production of 8.67 tonne. So the productivity of the area is 107.99 kg/ha. This is low with respect to district, state as well as national level. The productivity of Maize in India is 21.92 kg/ha. In Arunachal Pradesh state the productivity of this is 15,499 kg/ ha. In Upper Subansiri district this is 11,207.43 kg/ha. In the project area Maize is grown in only 1.49 ha area with the production of 0.228 tonne and the productivity of the area is 15.44kg/ha. The productivity of Wheat in India is 2891 kg/ha. In Arunachal Pradesh state the productivity of this is 158.35 kg/ ha. In Upper Subansiri district this is 11,621 kg/ha. In the project area Wheat is grown in only 0.0372 ha area with the production of 0.00022 tonne and the productivity of the area is 0.428 kg/ha.
‐ 39 ‐ - 40 - IWMP­VII/2010­11 project has low productivity because of following reason: 1. Traditional Farming Method: Most of the farmers practice traditional shifting cultivation. However with the increase in population and increasing pressure on the land the gestation period between two cropping cycles has been drastically reduced leading to low producitivty. The traditional farming practices especially on the hill slopes are not done on step cultivation, as a result new and innovative technologies cannot be used and hence it leads to low productivity. It has been found that vermi­compost is also not used extensively in the farms. 2. Soil Erosion: ­ High rainfall and loose sandy skeletal loamy soils lead to large scale soil erosion. The shortening of the jhum cycles have also increased pressure on soil leading to erosion because of loss of protective tree cover. 3. Lack of irrigation facilities: ­ Agriculture is almost 100% rain­fed in the project area. High undulating hills present a problem of providing irrigation facilities to all the farms. Scattered population also leads to difficulties in arrangement of irrigation facilities to all the places. 4. Lack of agriculture credit: ­ There are no bank branches available in the project area. The nearest bank branch is in SBI, Daporijo. The banks have a negative attitude towards assessment of credit potential and extension of credit to the farmers in Arunachal Pradesh in general. They hold default payments of Govt sponsored programmes against the rural poor. The rural poor in the project area are also not well versed with all the banking formalities and hence they are not able to avail agriculture credit. 5. Lack of storage, marketing and transport facility: ­ Institutional mechanisms for providing backward and forward linkages to the farmers are not available in most of Arunachal Pradesh including in the project area. The excess produce (i.e. the produce over and above estimated self consumption needs) is generally sold to resellers at a very nominal cost. The resellers too have to resort to distress sale because of lack of suitable storage facilities. The poor farmers and their resellers too are not in a position to hoard their produce for obtaining good market prices at an appropriate time.
‐ 40 ‐ - 41 - CHAPTER­4 WATERSHED ACTIVITY Watershed Activities Watershed management as a strategy has been adopted by Government of India especially in the rain­fed regions of semi­arid tropics. These regions are characterized by low and undependable rain, low soil fertility, poor infrastructure development, low literacy and high incidence of migration. Several studies have identified that there is a dire need of a systematic and scientific approach to deal with watershed development. The common guidelines generate a fresh and flexible framework for the next generation watershed development. Watershed centric interventions have an important role in hilly regions with relatively high rainfall and abundant forest cover, in terms of promoting sustainable livelihoods and a decent quality of life, especially in regions which have high level of run­off and absence of water conservation efforts. 4.1. Scientific Planning: i) Cluster Approach This envisages a broader vision of Geo­hydrological unit which involves treating a cluster of micro­watershed. The IWMP­VII/2010­11 (Taliha) project consists of 02 micro­ watersheds. Further this watershed project is not in continuation with other ongoing watershed project of under Taliha CD Block.This gives an element of continuation of the programme under the Block. ii) Base line Survey A baseline survey provides first hand information related to poverty, level of development in reference to given parameters such as literacy, sanitation, health care, etc. It also facilitates in establishment of required bench­marks for the purpose of implementing development initiatives. The impact of the development initiatives can be later assessed against these bench marks for gauging the level of development. A detailed baseline survey was conducted in the project area which included household survey, bio­physical survey, by the WCDC in advance. The households were involved in the process through a questionnaire based interview to assess the demographic profile, literacy, animal husbandry and other farm based activities. Bio­physical survey was undertaken to identify various natural resources available in the village. It included the soil typology, well in the area, crop taken in the field, Cropping pattern, fertilizer used and various sources of irrigation in the field. iii) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) The process of involvement of the local community has been done in a participative manner. PRA tools were used extensively in the villages for involvement of all concerned. The involvement of villagers at the initial level itself has created a sense of ownership and placed pressure on the implementing agencies for accountable implementation of the watershed works. The past experience of watershed has given tremendous input to focus on creating accountability of the stakeholders towards the programme. Various PRA techniques like resource mapping, social mapping and season calendars were used to understand the physical and social orientation of the village in general and watershed area
‐ 41 ‐ - 42 - in specific. Various tools like Matrix ranking, Venn diagram were used to identify various local vegetations (apt for Afforestation), Fodders crops, various institutions and their significance in the life of the farmers. iv) Use of GIS and Remote Sensing for Planning – Basic training of GIS applications and remote sensing has been done for WCDC members. It is also proposed that GIS tools and kits shall be used at various stages of watershed development. GIS has been used for prioritization process. This was done through various GIS outputs. a. Planning: ­ An action plan matrix was formulated by State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) taking into account various features like the slope percent, soil Depth, Soil Texture, Soil erosion in the area for wasteland, forest land and agricultural land. Contour Map of vertical interval of 1 meter at a scale of 1:8000 was used for identifying various locations for soil and water conservation structures. Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects: Scientific criteria/ inputs used (A) Planning Cluster approach Whether technical back­stopping for the project has been arranged? If yes, mention the name of the Institute Baseline survey Hydro­geological survey Contour mapping Participatory Net Planning (PNP) Remote sensing data­especially soil/ crop/ run­off cover Ridge to Valley treatment Online IT connectivity between (1) Project and DRDA cell/ZP (2) DRDA and SLNA (3) SLNA and DoLR Availability of GIS layers 1. Cadastral map 2. Village boundaries Whether scientific criteria was used Yes, Cluster Approach was used for planning purposes Yes , Micro­watershed delineation was got done by a Delhi based agency based on GIS provided by State Remote Sensing Application Centre, Itanagar Yes. This project has two no of Micro­watersheds namely 753, 764 for an area of 1191 ha for treatment. Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes, every DRDA (WCDC) has internet connectivity established through CIC/ private service providers. Even a V­SAT connectivity to WCDC cell is approved. Yes Yes through V­SAT connectivity. Yes under the Land Record Deptt. Yes
‐ 42 ‐ - 43 - 3. Drainage 4. Soil (Soil nutrient status) 5. Land use 6. Ground water status 7. Watershed boundaries 8. Activity Crop simulation models Integrated coupled analyzer/ near infrared visible spectroscopy/ medium spectroscopy for high speed soil nutrient analysis Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)# (B) Inputs 1. Bio­pesticides 2. Organic manures 3. Vermi compost 4. Bio­fertilizer 5. Water saving devices 6. Mechanized tools/ implements 7. Bio­fencing 8. Nutrient budgeting 9. Automatic water level recorders & sediment samplers Any other (please specify) Yes by delineation. Yes from Department of Agriculture, Government of Arunachal Pradesh Yes from State Land Use Board, Dept of Rural Works, Govt of Arunachal Pradesh Yes as reported by PIAs /stakeholders/ CGWB/hydro­geo survey Yes by delineation. Yes as per suggestion of village communities/PRI/WC. No No No Yes. In collaboration of Line Departments & inputs of experts already positioned in the DRDA( WCDC) & CD Block & WDT members Yes, rain gauges. Group Discussion: The group discussion is carried & time­to­ time discussion the village communities of project area have & development of mutual trust for initiating the process of project formulation, comprehensive planning need­based assessment by all cross­section of people irrespective of PRI/village elders/communities. Some of the activities taken up as a result of planning, supervision by PIA/DRDAs in the district under IWMP involving village masses are –
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- 45 - 4.2. Institution building: i) Watershed Committee (WC) It is a committee that is constituted by Gram Sabha to implement the watershed project with technical support of WDT in the village. This committee which is supposed to be registered under society Registration Act1860 (which has been allowed to function even without being registered with adequate mechanism). The Gram Sabha/ communities of the village select the chairman of the watershed committee with the secretary who will be a paid functionary. A watershed Committee has been formed with Sub­committees accordingly in the villages of the IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) project. Capacity building training to the watershed committee is given by WDT, PIA, WCDC & any other mechanism as advised/ devised by SLNA. The watershed committee has a pivotal role to play during and after the project implementation period. The WC & Sub­ Committees as intimated by PIA which is as follows­ Watershed Committees: a). Rigia , Tasiring b).Dagam, c).Momara.
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- 50 - WCs of respective MWS shall intimate the details in the format as follows for record by SLNA/DOLR­ Sl. No. 1 Names of Date of Designati M/F SC ST WC for Registratio on IWMP­ n as a VII/2010­ Society 11 (Taliha) Under Chairman M √ progress 2 Secretary M √ 3 M √ 4. WDT­ Member Member 5. member M √ 6 member F √ 7. member M √ 8. member F √ 9. member M √ 10. member M √
SF MF LF Land­ less UG SHG GP Any other Age Educational qualification Remarks Will operate WC a/c with one co­ opted member from WDT to WC. Co­opted WDT. M ‐ 50 ‐ - 51 - ii) Self Help Group Self Help Groups are motivated, small homogenous groups organized together through credit and thrift activities. Self help group initiative especially for women help uplift their livelihood. Generally self help groups include marginal farmers and poor women. Before formation of the SHGs, during PRA activities, Focussed Group Discussions (FGDs) were held with the farmers/women, which came up with the following observations: a) Lack of proper credit facilities due to low intervention of formal financial credit institution. b) Excessive exploitation of weaker section by money lenders c) Lack of attitude for saving among poor people d) Lack of knowledge on credit and thrift activity and banking. With a detailed discussion with some of the local NGOs working in the area & district, it was planned to have some capacity building training regarding SHG activities. It was also proposed to have some livelihood activities which will promote women empowerment. Formation of suitable SHG Formed at each micro­watershed under the project which is intimated by the PIA/WCDC as follows­
‐ 51 ‐ - 52 - SELF HELP GROUP):
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- 58 - Table No. 32: NAME OF VILLAGES: Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Sl No. 1. Total Nos of SHGs 8 Sl No. 1. Nos of Members Men Women 40 SHGs with only men 4 40 With only women 4 Nos of ST in each category Nos of BPL in each category Total Men Women Total Men Women Total 80 With both 40 40 Total 8 80 Categories Landless Small Farmers Marginal Farmers Large Farmers 30 30 M 0 36 4 0 40 60 F Total 0 33 7 0 40 0 69 11 0 80 User Group: User Groups are normally formed to manage an activity or asset created under the programme on a long term basis. The user group collects user charges from their members, oversee the works and manage the benefits. It was decided that each group would formulate certain internal rules and have a feeling of ownership with community spirit. PIA has intimated formation of the user groups ­ Table no. 33: UG DETAILS : There are user groups in the Villages which are­ USER GROUP :
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- 68 - Table No. 33: NAME OF VILLAGES: Sl No. Total Nos of UGs Nos of Members Men 1. 8 167 Women 115 Total Nos of ST in each category Men Women Tot al 282 167 115 Nos of BPL in each category Men 282 125 Women 86 Total 211 4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha): 4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA) EPA activities are taken up under watershed projects to build a rapport with the village community at the beginning of the project; generally, certain important works which are in urgent demand of the local community are taken up. A group Discussion of communities from project area of village conducted in Gram Sabha regarding the EPA activity. The villagers discussed various activities which they felt is important, which revive the common natural resources. EPA was selected on the basis of Drinking water problem, repairing /renovation of common structures for irrigation water facilities and other allied problems. It was also taken into priority that there should be an instrument of convergence which will result in sustainability of activities. The expenditure under EPA will be restricted to 4% as admissible under guideline. Table no.34: Entry point activities (EPA) (Rs. In lakhs) : S. No. Names of Villages 1 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam villages Amount Entry Point Activities planned earmarke d for EPA ( 4% of total cost) 11.946 1).Repair upgradation of local type huts with provision of drinking water supply for use by communities / Watershed Committees. 2).Repair / renovation of land protection for productive management in WRC fields. 3).Upgradation of land protection for productivity management. ‐ 68 ‐ Estimated cost Convergence Depart. of conv. 11.946 ( to be restricted to Rs.10.7514 lakhs for central & Rs.1.1946 With MNREGA,IAY, TSC, PHED, NHRM,Social welfare/ Energy RD/PHED/Social welfare/Medical/ Works deptt( PWD/RWD/Power)/ APEDA etc.
- 69 - 4).Repair / restoration of damaged water supply / intake points, platforms / community (ghar) in villages / project areas.. 5).Upgradation of land development and land protection (RRM/Boulder crate/ Gabion structure) i/c channelization etc. 6).Recharging of natural springs. 7).Construction of water tanks, repair of village water supply and farm ponds. 8). Non­conventional saving devices. lakh state share) saving devices programmes etc. 4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: Watershed development works are to be done during second phase of watershed project. A multi­tier ridge to valley sequence approach should be adopted towards implementation of watershed development projects. A net budget of 50 percent is allotted for this component. Ridge Area Treatment Plans: It is very important to treat the ridge as this is where the major water resources originate. This involves mainly hilly and forest region in watershed. For the ridge area treatment of watershed following structure have been proposed after interaction among village communities, Gram Sabha, watershed committee, BDO, Taliha, WCDC (DRDA, Upper Subansiri) and other field staff of project. 1. Check dam 2. Contour trench 3. Gully plug 4. Stone bunding 5. Farm bunding 1. Check dams Check Dam is a structure constructed using cement and concrete across the river of comparatively wider water channel. This structure is preferred where the height of both the banks of river is considerably high and the width of river channel or stream is less. The advantages of check dams are that they store surface water for use both during and after the monsoon. They help in ground water recharge of the area. Recharge of water helps in raising the water table in the area. Availability of water ensures the increase of agricultural yield by multi­cropping. These conditions prevail on the banks of the Stream in the project area. Therefore 3 nos of check dams are proposed, one each in all the three villages of the project area.
‐ 69 ‐ - 70 - 2. Contour trench These trenches act as trap for the water and minimise soil erosion. The trenches do not need to be very large to be effective. 3. Gully plug A small gully bund Prevents a new Gully being formed in the middle of the farm, thus preventing erosion from the beginning itself. Such bunds would make two parts of one field, thus making it difficult to plough, but some farmers are ready to do it. 4. Stone bunding: After filling the Staggered Trenches, the excess water flows out in the form of little streams. To stop these streams, the obstruction walls of the length equal to the width of the streams are made with the help of stones. Such walls are created at an interval of 200 to 300 meters along the channels of the streams. These walls are known as Stone bunding. After filling the Staggered Trenches, the excess water flows out in the form of little streams. To stop these streams, the obstruction walls of the length equal to the width of the streams are made with the help of stones. Such walls are created at an interval of 200 to 300 meters along the channels of the streams. These walls are known as Stone bunding. 5. Percolation tank Percolation Tank is the arrangement in which the retaining walls of clay are made and a dam (waste weir) is constructed using cement concrete. This tank is preferred at the site where two to three rain water streams meet. The outlet is also planned so that excess water overflows out of it. The Storage Tank is a good basin for water storage. Table no.35: Details of activities of preparatory phase (All financial figures in lakh Rs.) SL. No. Name of villages 1 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Initiation of village level institution 0.5 Capacity building IEC activities 0.752 0.25 ‐ 70 ‐ Baseline survey 0.2 Hydro­ geological survey 0.3 Any other Estimated (please specify) Cost (Rs. in lakh) 0.9845 2.9865
- 71 - Table no.36: Activities related to Surface water resources in the project areas (Rs. In lakhs) – Sl. No 1. Name of Village Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Types of Structures Augmentation / repair of existing structures Nos. Area to Storage Estimated be Capacity Cost irrigated (in ha) Check Dam 0 0 0 0 Contour Trench 0 0 0 0 Gully Plug 0 0 0 0 Stone Bunding 0 0 0 0 Percolation Tank 0 0 0 0 Pond 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Proposed Target Construction of new structures Nos. Total Target Area to be Storage Estimated Area to be irrigated Capacity Cost irrigated (in ha) (in ha) Storage Capacity Estimated Cost 3 11.55 858.9 3 11.55 858.9 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3.73 0 4999.5 0 4.5 0 3.73 0 4999.5 0 4.5 4 10 13.626 28.906 9375 15233.4 4 11.5 13.626 28.906 9375 15233.4 4 11.5 Table no. 38: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas : Name of Project IWMP – VII / 2010­11 (Taliha) Name of activity Animal husbandry Poultry Unit Agriculture (Farm based) Vermi net house Weaving Fisheries Fruit tree plantation ( Banana, orange etc) Major Activities of the SHGs Nos. of SHGs involved 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ‐ 71 ‐ Average annual income from activity per SHG Rs. 90000 Rs. 45000 Rs. 35000 Rs. 25000 Rs. 25000 Rs.40000 Rs.25000
- 72 - Table no. 39: Other activities of watershed works phase – Proposed target cost in lakh­ S. No. Name of villages Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Ridge area Drainage line Nursery Land Crop Pasture Fishery Livelihood treatment treatment raising development demonstrations development development component RMT Cost Nos. Cost Ha Cost RMT Cost Ha Cost Unit Cost No Cost No Cost 21.3 3.2 6 7 30 4.5 36 5.40 8 4.85 48 7.2 8 4.85 48 29.865 PS & ME No 64 Cost 38.824 5 1. Table no.40: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: S N o. Village Name Name of Structure Gully Plug 1. Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Farm Bunding Dagam Contour Trench Stone Bunding Nala Plug New Pond Percolation Tank Type of treatment Type of Land Executing Target Ridge Drainage Land Private Communit Other Agency Nos Estimated cost (Rs. In lakhs) Area line (D) Devt (L) (Pvt) y (C) s (pls of M W O T (R) specif units y) (No/C u.m/R mt) L Pvt WC 13.3 As per method 2 of execution adopted by WC L Pvt WC/UG 36 5.40 R C WC/UG 26.67 4 L P D L L C C P ‐ 72 ‐ F Expected month and year of completion (mm/yyyy) 2013 2012 WC/UG 7 7 2013 WC/UG WC/UG WC/UG 6 4 3 7 4 4.5 2013 2014 2011
- 73 - New Well Outlet Check Dam L L P C C D F WC/UG WC WC 3 1 3 3 1.5 4 2012 2012 2014 Table no. 40.1 Technical structure of Gully plug The rates adopted were based on Arunachal Pradesh Schedule of rates’2000 & without any cost index added. The technical parameters suiting to the hilly state of Arunachal Pradesh based on feedbacks received from respective DRDA/PIAs (BDOs) as incorporated in the said software circulated to all DRDAs may be adopted with recent schedule of rates, namely, APSR’2007 of Public Works Department or through cost analysis based on market rates. Samples of structures which could either be adopted from the watershed Estimation Software or samples as indicated herewith could be adopted. Estimation of Gully Plug : Sl. No. DESCRIPTION 1 Excavation 2 Below G.L Stone 3 Above G.L (ground level) 4 5 No 1 1 1 1 L B 1.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 2.00+1.25/2 1.00 1.63 Per 1 mt cost = X+Y+Z. H 0.30 0.30 1.25 Qty 0.60 0.60 2.03 Rate APSR 2007 or analyzed rate ­do­ Amount (Rs) X Y ­do­ Z Values and Units for Gully Plug construction Sl.No 1 2 3 4 5 PARTICULARS Top width of bund Bottom width of bund Depth above G.L Depth of foundation Cross section of bund VALUE 1.25 2.00 1.25 0.30 1.63 ‐ 73 ‐ UNITS M M M M SQ.M
- 74 - Table no. 40.2 Estimation of Stone Bunding Sl.NO 1 2 3 DESCRIPTION Above G.L stone bund Sl.No 1 2 3 5 PARTICULARS Top width of bund Bottom width of bund Depth above G.L Cross section of bund No 1 1 L B 1.00 1.00+0.60/2 1.00 0.80 Per 1 mt cost H 0.75 0.75 Qty Rate (APSR’2006) Amount (Rs) 0.60 454.20 757.00 454.20 VALUE 0.60 1.00 0.75 0.60 UNITS M M M Sq.m Table No. 40.3: Estimation of Farm Bunding: Sl.NO DESCRIPTION Nos (Units) 1 Farm Bund 1 Sl.
No 1 2 3 4 PARTICULARS Top width of bund Bottom width of bund Height of bund Cross section of bund L 1.00 1.00 B 2.1+0.75/2 1.425 H 0.75 0.75 Qty Rate (APSR’2006) Amount (Rs) 1.06875 60.70 64.82 VALUE UNITS 0.75 2.10 1.25 1.425 Mtr Mtr Mtr Sq.m
‐ 74 ‐ - 75 - Table no. 40.4: Estimation of Nala Plug 6.00m No Description Nos 1. Excavation for Foundation Body Wall 1 Apron 1 End Wall 1 Wing Wall 2 Key Wall – L & R side 2 2. Cement and Concrete in 1:4:8 Body Wall 1 Apron 1 End Wall 1 Wing Wall 2 Key Wall – L & R side 2 3. Coarse Rubble Masonry in centimeters (1:6) Body Wall upto Ground 1 level Body wall upto GL to top 1 ( B= 0.9+0.6/2=.75) Apron 1 End Wall up to top 1 Wing Wall up to G level 2 Wing Wall up to G level to 2 Top (h=1.30+0.30/2) Key Wall – L & R side upto 2 ground level Key Wall – left (G. Level to 2 top) L B D/ H Qty 2.00 1.70 1.70 1.80 2.15 1.20 1.20 0.60 0.90 1.20 1.20 0.60 0.60 0.90 0.90 2.88 1.22 0.61 2.92 4.64 2.00 2.00 1.70 1.95 2.15 1.20 2.85 0.60 0.90 1.20 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.24 0.57 0.10 0.35 0.52 2.00 0.90 1.10 1.98 2.00 0.75 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.00 1.80 1.80 1.50 0.30 0.60 0.60 0.30 0.50 0.80 1.80 0.90 0.30 1.73 1.73 2.00 0.60 1.10 2.64 2.00 0.60 1.20 2.88
‐ 75 ‐ Total Qty 12.28 Rate 80 Per Cu.m Amount (Rs.) 982.4 1.779 1926.90 Cu.m 3427.9551 13.66 1757.30 Cu.m 23951.99 - 76 - 4. 5. 6. Concrete (1:2:4) with black stone Body Wall 1 Apron 1 End Wall 1 Wing Wall 2 Key Wall L and R side 2 Cement Plastering in cms. (1:3) (20 mm tk) Body Wall 2 Apron 1 End Wall 2 End wall top 1 Wing wall top 2 Fair side of wing wall 2 Key Wall L & R side top 2 Key Wall L & R both side 4 Name Plate 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.80 2.00 2.00 0.60 1.50 0.30 0.60 0.60 0.10 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.60 0.06 0.24 0.24 1.10 4.40 3.00 1.80 0.60 2.40 2.88 2.40 4.80 1.50 0.45 0.30 0.60 0.80 0.60 0.60 1.26 3301.50 Cu.m 4159.89 22.28 113.3 Sq.mtr 2524.324 1 1200 nos TOTAL:­ SAY:­ 1200 36,246.5591 36,250.00 Per Amt Table no. 40.06:­ Estimation of New Pond: No 1. Description Excavation work of pond Nos 1 L B D/H 65+45/2 58+40/2 1.50 55.00 49.00 1.50 ‐ 76 ‐ Qty Total Qty 4042.50 4042.50 Rate 60.70 2,45,380.00
- 77 - Table no. 41: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works (cost in lakh) S Village No. Name 1. Name of Structure / Work Type of treatment Ridge Drainage Land Area line (D) Devt (R) (L) Rigia, Distribution L Tasring of ,Momara & Horticulture Dagam Plant villages Fruit tree L plantation Type of Land Executin Private Communit Others g Area Agency (Pvt) y (C) (pls specify) P WC To be adequat ely distribu ted for 48 ha C SHG Farm forestry L P Fuel wood and timber plantation Fodder develoopme nt Nursery Total L C SHG L C SHG L C SHG Target Nos of plants Estt Cost Around To be 0.2448 lakh worked nos out as per actual WC 48 ‐ 77 ‐ 0.2448 lakh 7.2
nos Expected month and year of completion (mm/yyyy) 2010­2014 - 78 - Table no. 42: Details of allied / other activities: S.
No Name of Village 1. Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam villages Name of activity Vermi compost net house Kitchen/Backyard Garden Animal husbandry Poultry unit Tailoring Machine Cattle Rearing( Mithun/Cow) Cycle Repairing kit with cabin Floriculture Demo. Plot High yielding varieties seed Distribution Crop Demonstration Micro­irrigation channel/Land Development Piggery/Goatery/Duckery Revolving fund for livelihood Eco­Tourism Apiculture(Bee­Keeping)/Mushrooming/Sericulture IT Solutions( Mobile Repair/ computer Training Centre) Fisheries Estt. Of Local Type Transit Hut for use of WC Type of land Private Community Others C P C C P C P P P P P C C C C C P P Executing Agency SHG UG SHG SHG UG UG WC UG UG UG UG SHG/UG SHG SHG SHG SHG UG UG
‐ 78 ‐ Target Estimated Expected month Cost (in and year of lakhs) completion (mm/yyyy) As per provision in Work plan Execution to be completed w.e.f. 2011 to 2014 - 79 - Table no42.1: Estimation of Vermi Compost Unit: Description 1. Excavation for pole foundation Excavation Long Wall Nos 6 2 2 L 0.6 6 3 B 0.6 0.3 0.3 H 0.6 0.45 0.45 Qty 1.296 1.62 0.81 2. Excavation PCC 1:4:8 6 2 2 0.6 6 3 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 1.296 0.36 0.18 3. Outside brick masonry 2 2 6 3 0.23 0.23 0.75 0.75 2.07 1.035 4. MS Pole 1.25” Vertical Pole Top Horizontal long side Top horizontal Short Side 90% Green Net Long Side Short Side Top of Green House 6 4 3 3 3 3 18 12 Esiana forty daverm Cement Plaster Long side wall short side wall long wall top short wall top 25 5. 6. 7. 8. Total Qty 1.296 1.62 0.81 3.726 1.296 0.36 0.18 1.836 2.07 1.035 3.105 39 2 2 1 4 2 2 2 7 4 6 3 3 3 0.3 0.3 0.23 0.23 Per Cu.m Amount 349.4988 2235 Cu.m 4103.46 2918.70 Cu.m 9062.56 129 Kg 5031 60 Sq.mtr 3060 39 51 30 6 3 6 3 Rate (APSR ‘2006) 93.80 51 30 200 Kg 600 71.8 Sq.mtr 943.452 2400 25,549.962 25,000
7.2 1.8 2.76 1.38 13.14 L/S Nut Bolts , plastic, labour charges Total Amount Say ‐ 79 ‐ - 80 - Table no. 42.2: Cost estimation of animal husbandry (Mithun/Cow): Sl.
Particulars Total expenditure (Rs) No 1 Invest of 10 nos. of Mithuns= 10 x 30000 300000 TOTAL :­ 300000 Monthly Expenditure 1 10kg cattle food per Mithun per day 10kg x 10 Mithun x 30 per day= 3000 kg requirement of cattle food per month ( 43 x 525 ) 22575 2 Per day per Mithun, green grass = 20 kg Total expenditure = 20kg x 10 buf. X 30 days = 6000 kg ( 6000 x 0.40 ) 2400 Veterinary charges ( 200 x 10 ) 2000 TOTAL :­ 26975 Monthly Income 1 Per day average Meat production = 6nosx142/365 kg=2.33kg 2.33 kg x 10 Mithun X 30 day = 700.279 kg Per Kg= 45 Rs /­ ( 700.279 x 45 ) 31,512.32 2 Production of dung per Animal = 1 ton Per 10 Animal = 1 x 10 = 10 ton ( 10 X 4000 ) 4000 TOTAL :­ 39,512.32 Total income from meat production (12*39,512.00) 4,74,147.90 Total expenditure ( 12 * 26975 ):­ 323700 Net Profit 1,50,448.00 Annual income per Animal 15,045 1254.00
Monthly Income Per Animal:­ ‐ 80 ‐ - 81 - Table no. 43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas : Sl No. 1. Name (s) of villages CPR particulars Activity Proposed Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Within villages and Fodder Development Dagam in the vicinity of Fuel wood and Timber plantation villages Fruit tree plantation Outlet New Pond Target Target area under Estimated the activity (ha) Expenditure (Rs.) Project Area As per Action Plan Expected nos of beneficiaries 130 4.4: Capacity Building: The process of building local capacities in reference to the proposed project shall aim at a holistic approach whereby optimum utilisation of available natural endowments including human potential is facilitated. The capacity building efforts are planned in a systematic manner with a thrust on greater participation of the local people, elected PR leaders and official functionaries in the process of planning and implementation of IWMP­VII/2010­11 (Taliha) project. Despite the constraints on account of lack of logistical facilities etc. in the project area the capacity building programmes shall be conducted in a manner best suitable to the local conditions. Since IWMP in itself heralds a new approach from the erstwhile IWDP / Hariyali projects (which are well known to the rural people by now in Arunachal Pradesh), due to their thrust in phases, continuity and emphasis on livelihoods and production systems, special emphasis shall be given on Information Education and Communication (IEC) activities. MoRD has also increased emphasis on use of scientific tools and techniques for greater transparency and accuracy in implementing watershed works especially use of GIS tools. This necessitates proper training of official functionaries as well as WC members. Most of this training cannot conducted at the district level also. Therefore SLNA is expected to play a pivotal role in facilitating WCDC / PIA in undertaking these training programmes. Arunachal Pradesh has a good repository of trained and competent professionals in the field of animal husbandry, crop science and allied fields in the Krishi Vigyan Kendras, ICAR as well as in University. The official functionaries in Department of Agriculture, Government of Arunachal Pradesh have also initiated several initiatives for promotion of agriculture marketing in the State. SLNA is expected to tie up with similar initiatives for need based capacity building. SIRD Arunachal Pradesh shall also be involved in the process of capacity building under the project. Most of the watershed works proposed in this project are civil works in nature. Therefore it is proposed that corresponding staff (EO (RE)) at block level (within PIA) and at WCDC (APO (RE)) shall also be involved in the process of building local capacities in planning and implementation of civil works.
‐ 81 ‐ - 82 - Scope of capacity building in IWMP­VII/2010­11(Nacho) project Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Scientific technique for soil and water conservation Scientific techniques for mapping project area with emphasis on work areas (for before and after comparisons) Training on collection, compilation and analysis of data for enabling baseline surveys, bio­physical surveys, PRA, etc. Orientation cum Record Management Training of SHGs in the project area Sensitization cum Awareness programmes at Gram Sabha level Improved technology (Integrated Farming and organic farming) of crop production Vermi­compost Micro propagation technology of horticulture plant Post Harvest Management Training on Animal Husbandry and Poultry Training on Marketing including aspects related with pricing, distribution, etc. Table no.44: Capacity Building Institution: S.
No . 1. 2. Name of Training Institution Full Address with contact nos and website and email Soil and Land Use Board [Department of Rural Works, Govt of Arunachal Pradesh] RWD Building Itanagar, www.ruralworks.org Department of Geography, RGU Type of Institute GoI­MoA and State Govt supported autonomous society Rono Hills, Central University Doimukh, PO and PS –Doimukh [www.rguhs.ac.in] Area of Specialisation Soil Testing, Land Use classification GIS, PRA, Mapping Accreditation Details GoI and State Govt support Premier level R&D instt for Soil and Land Use works Central University Nature of involvement Reference Number of Coverage of Year training (aprox) nos of assigned trainees 2010­11 2 30 2010­11 3 40
‐ 82 ‐ - 83 - 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. NERIST Nirjuli SIRD Arunachal Pradesh KVK SLNA State Council for S&T Nirjuli, PO and PS – Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh. www.nerist.ac.in ESS Sector, PO­ RK Mission, Itanagar [www.sirdarunachal. org] KVK Daporijo Department of Rural Development, ESS Sector, Itanagar Dept of Science and Tech, Govt of Arunachal Pradesh [www.arunachalprad esh.nic.in] Deemed University Livelihoods, Forestry, Agriculture Engineering GoI­MoRD and State SHG, Mid Govt supported Term autonomous society Evaluation, Orientation Trg, PR Trg GoI­MoA supported Farm based premier R&D institution livelihoods in Agri and allied fields State Level Nodal Civil Works Agency State level apex council for S&T applications GIS and ICT based applications GoI support 2010­11 3 50 State level apex institution in Trg and Research in RD & PR areas with GoI and State Govt support District level apex institution in agriculture State Level nodal agency for coordinating IWMP State level council for district / block GIS maps etc 2011­12 3 60 2011­14 2 50 2011­14 2 30 2010­11 and 2012­14 2 40
‐ 83 ‐ - 84 - Photographs of Capacity Building
‐ 84 ‐ - 85 - Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan: Sl. No Name of Level Project 1 IWMP­ District VII/ 2010­ 11 (Taliha) Block Village Sl. No. 1 Level and Category of Trainees Representatives from DRDA, Block Development Officers, Block level officials engaged with watershed planning and implementations, nominated subject experts of Watershed Committees, District level official functionaries from Agriculture, Horticulture, AH and Vety, Zilla Parishad Members including Zilla Parishad Chairperson, Member Secretary of Zilla Parishad PIA Staff including BDO, EO (RE), VO etc. Block Level Officials, Zilla Parishad Chairperson and Zilla Parishad Members, Anchal Samiti Chairpersons, Anchal Samiti Members, Members Secretaries of Anchal Samities, Block level officials from concerned line departments of agriculture, horticulture, senior representatives of NGOs engaged in SHG promotion, agri­horti activities, etc. Representatives of User Groups and Village Elders, respective Gram Panchayat Chairpersons, Gram Panchayat Members, Member Secretaries of Gram Panchayat, Self Help Group Members. Name of Project Level of Capacity Project Stakeholders Building Programme IWMP­ VII/ District PIA 2010­11 (Taliha) Block WDTs Gram Panchayat UGs Gram Panchayat Gram Panchayat SHGs WC/ sub committees Others (Exposure Visits) Total no. of persons 20 20 211 No. of persons to be trained 20 20 211 No. of training programmes 2 4 4 Estimated cost (Lakh) 1.26 2.5 4 80 20 60 80 20 60 4 2 2 2.5 2.00 2.6725 Total ‐ 85 ‐ 14.9325
- 86 - Table no. 46: Information, education and Communication Activities: S. No. Activity Executing agency Estimated expenditure (Rs.) 15000 Outcome (may quantify, wherever possible) Awareness for the important of watershed project 1 Street plays Local Drama Groups on arrangement by WC/PIA 2 Video shows Through IPR Deptt. on arrangement by WCDC, Daporijo/BDO, Nacho 9000 Awareness for the important of watershed project 3 Pamphlets and posters ( local dialects) WCDC, Daporijo/ PIA­ BDO, Nacho 6000 Awareness for the important of watershed project 4 Banners & Hoardings WCDC,Daporijo /BDO,Nacho 9000 Awareness for the important of watershed project
‐ 86 ‐ - 87 - CHAPTER­5 BUDGETING The first step in budgeting is dividing the cost of the project into various component s as detailed in the common guidelines and done accordingly in table no. 47. It helps us in further identifying activities under different components and allocate appropriate funds. Table no.47: Village wise activity wise budget: Sl no Village Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam 1 EPA Institution and CB DPR 11.946 14.9325 2.9865 Watershed development Work 149.325 Activity ( in lakhs) Livelihood for asset less 29.865 Production system and Microenterprises 38.8245 Consolidation TOTAL 14.9325 262.812 Table no. 48: Budget at a glance : Sl no Budget Component 1 Administrative costs 2 Monitoring 3 Evaluation 4 Entry Point Activity 5 Institution and Capacity Building 6 Detailed Project Report 7 Watershed Development Works 8 Livelihood activities for asset less 9 Production systems and micro­enterprises 10 Consolidation phase TOTAL Percentages 10 1 1 4 5 1 50 10 13 5 100 ‐ 87 ‐ Amt In Rs. Lakhs 29.865 2.9865 2.9865 11.946 14.9325 2.9865 149.325 29.865 38.8245 14.9325 298.65
- 88 - Treatment / Action plan of each component: The Treatment plan is made for completion of project within 4 years & details of activity to be considered for execution component wise. The WC under guidance of WDT/PIA will have to plan details of schemes of each component to be taken up at micro­watershed level­ WORK PLAN FORMULATED UNDER THE INTEGRATED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME Name of the Project: IWMP­VII/2010­11under Taliha CD Block at Rigia, Tasiring, Momara & Dagam. District: Upper Subansiri Project Outlay: 298.65 Lakhs SHG: 8 State: Arunachal Pradesh Total Area: 1991 Ha. UG: 8 Date of Sanction: 15/09/2010 Date of Apprvl. Of the Work Plan in DPR: Sl.no. Activities Cost/Unit 1 2 Financial Assistance given for Administrative I Costs(10%) Monitoring (1%) II Evaluation (1%) III Sub Total Preparatory Phase (Nos.) I Entry Point Activities (4%) which includes a ). Repair/Upgradation of local type hut for use by communities/WC in watershed activities.
3 1 2 Target(Activities to be taken up) Year ­1 Year 2 &3 Year 4 2010­11 2011­13 2013­14 Physical Financial Physical Financial Physical Financial 4 5 6 7 8 9 5.973 0.5973 0.5973 7.1676 8 11.95 ‐ 88 ‐ 14.9325 1.49325 1.49325 17.919 Total Remarks Year 2010­14 Physical Financial 10 11 12 8.9595 0.89595 0.89595 10.7514 29.865 2.9865 2.9865 35.838 8 11.95 - 89 - II b ). Repair/Renovation of farm pond. c ). Upgradation of land protection for producti­ vity management d ). Repair/restoration of damaged water supply Nos. intake points, platforms at project villages. e ). Renovation of Com­ Nos. munity assets/Dere. f ). Recharging of natur­al spring & renovation i/c Channelization. g ). Establishment of Transit local hut with drinking water supply tank(5m x 5m, ht­3m) i/c water supply arrangeme­nt i/c approaches to project area. h ). Others(WC, SHG, UG formation, Awareness generation, IEC, Baseline surveys, Tech­networks, DPR, Resour­ce­ use agreements, participatory monitoring etc.) Sub – Total Institution & Capacity Building (5%) – (In nos.)
8 11.95 ‐ 89 ‐ 8 11.95 - 90 - which includes i). Community Sensitization & PRA exercise etc. ii). Training of all PIA staff, WDT, WC, SHGs, UGs,etc. iii). Exposure visits & others. Sub – Total DPR (1%) 3 III Sub­Total Watershed work phase A)Watershed Development works (50%) I Soil & Moisture Conservation Works(Ha) A Vegetative barriers b Gully Plugs c Contour & Graded bounds d Bench terracing e Others which includes following:­ i). Land development ii). Field bunds etc. Sub­Total II Water Harvesting Structure (Nos.) A Farm Ponds Ha. Ha. 1 1.00 2 2.00 2 1.02 5 4.02 1 1.00 2 2.00 2 1.50 5 4.50 1 3 1 12 0.99 2.99 2.9865 17.9225 2 6 3.47 7.47 2 6 1.96 4.48 6 7.47 6 4.48 5 15 1 24 6.42 14.94 2.9865 29.8725 6.666667 0 6.666667 6.666667 1.00 1.00 1.00 6.666667 6.666667 13.33333 13.33333 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 8 6.666667 6.666667 6.666667 1.20 1.00 1.00 1.00 21.33333 13.33333 26.66667 26.66667 3.20 2.00 4.00 4.00 12 1.80 40 6.00 20 3.00 72 10.80 Ha. Nos. Ha. Ha. Ha. 32 4.8 80 12 48 7.2 160 24 1 1.00 2 2.00 1 1.00 4 4.00
‐ 90 ‐ - 91 - B C D E Sub Total III A B C Nallah bandh Check Dam Percolation Tank/Storage Nos. Tank Others :­ i). Minor irrigation Nos. channel. ii). Gabion structure iii). Land protection (RRM) for channel. iv). Ground water Nos. Recharge v).
Earthen/Brushwood/Loose Boulders Checks Nos. Afforestation (Ha) Private Agriculture Land Community Land Forest Land Others including :­ i). Regeneration of vegetative cover ii). Rubber, Aromatic, Medical tree plantation. iii). Bio­fuel plantation 1 1.00 2 1 2.00 2.00 1 1 1.00 1.00 3 3 3.00 4.00 1 1.00 1 2.00 1 1.50 3 0 4.50 0.00 1 1 1.00 1.00 3 3 4.00 3.00 2 3 2.00 3.00 6 7 7.00 7.00 4 4.00 2 4.00 3 3.00 9 11.00 2 2.00 1 1.00 3 3.00 9 85.5 9 12.83 2 18 213.75 1.50 22.5 32.06 13 128.25 13.5 19.24 2 40 427.5 1.50 45 64.13 85.5 9.6 12.83 1.44 213.75 24 32.06 3.60 128.25 14.4 19.24 2.16 427.5 48 64.13 7.20 Ha. Sub­Total Ha. IV Pasture Development (Ha) Private Agriculture Land
A ‐ 91 ‐ - 92 - B C V A B C Community Land Others which includes following also :­ i). Sericulture ii). Bee keeping (apiculture ) iii). Cattle Rearing & Livestock iv). Micro – enterprise. v). Backyard Poultry Sub Total Horticulture Developm­ ent (Ha) Private Agriculture Land Community Land Others including :­ i). Nursery Raising for Podder & Crops. ii). Floriculture Sub Total B)Livelihood Activities for Assetless/downtrodden/marginal farmers(10%)(in nos)which includes: i). IT training & related jobs, Mobile repairs ii). Handicraft­Wood/Bamboo Carvings & Cane Works iii). Bamboo Veneers for Plywood iv). Cycle Repairs v). Plumbing
Ha. Unit Unit 9.6 1.44 24 3.60 14.4 2.16 48 7.20 12 1.80 30 4.50 18 2.70 60 9.00 12 1.80 30 4.50 18 2.70 60 9.00 8 5.97 25 14.93 15 8.96 48 29.87 Ha. Nos. ‐ 92 ‐ - 93 - 4 vi). Procurement, processing, marketing of foodgrains. vii). Value addition to Agri­Products Sub – Total C). Production System & Micro – enterprise (13%) (in nos.) which will include :­ i). Dairy Milk production & collective marketing. ii). Pisciculture iii). Weaving iv). Piggery v). Crop demonstration, seed multiplication & banks. vi). Vermi­Compost vii). Promotion & Propagation of non­ conventional energy saving devices. Sub – Total Consolidation Phase (5%) which includes i). Completion of various works. ii). Capacity building for new agenda items for post project period. iii). Sustainable management of development resources. iv). Up­Scaling successes on farm production / off­farm livelihoods. v). Preparation of project completion report vi). Documentation of success­ful experience / lessons learnt etc.
8 5.97 25 14.93 15 8.96 48 29.87 13 7.76 32 19.41 19 11.65 64 38.82 13 7.76 32 19.41 19 11.65 64 38.82 10 14.93 10 14.93 Ha. ‐ 93 ‐ - 94 - Sub – Total Grand Total 5 Area to be treated* i). Forest Land ii). Community Land iii). Others Total area to be treated Total People’s Contribution to WDF account to be deducted as per para­73 of guideline & @ :­ i). 5% of the cost of NRM works executed on private lands for SC/ST. ii). 20% for other cost intensive farming system for SC/ST. * : Treatment map enclosed. The geographical locations of project areas as identified indicated with Latitude – Longitude. : Increase of plantation Activities No. of plants per Ha. May be indicated in remark col. 181.1 68.693 428.75 134.3963 10 271.65 199.1 199.1 398.2 398.2 29.865 29.865 59.73 59.73 497.75 497.75 995.5 995.5 74.6625 74.6625 149.325 149.325 298.65 298.65 597.3 597.3 14.93 95.56825 10 881.5 14.93 298.6575 44.7975 44.7975 89.595 89.595 995.5 995.5 1991 1991 149.325 149.325 298.65 298.65 These activities shall be carried out in respective project area duly indicated as per MWS­2 nos polygon & at locations of respective farmers. There will be no deviation & allocations should be utilized judiciously for implementation as per indication till completion of the project
‐ 94 ‐ - 95 - Table no.49: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes (cost in lakh): S. No. 1 Village Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Total cost require ment 10 Total funds available under IWMP 6 Gap in funds require ment 4 Remarks The shortfall to be managed by PIA/WC under guidance of WCDC, Daporijo. Table no. 50. Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes Sl.no Name of Village Names of Departments with Schemes converging with IWMP 1 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam RD,MGNREGS RD,MGNREGS RD,MGNREGS RD,MGNREGS RD,MGNREGS RD,MGNREGS RD,S.G.S.Y PHED, TSC RWD, PMGSY( Bharat Nirman) Total Fund made available Was this fund Name of Level at which to IWMP due to included in Rs.15,000 activity/task/structure decision for convergence (Rs. in per ha. undertaken with convergence lakh) converged funds was taken Yes No (a ) Structures (b)Livelihoods (c)Any other (Pl. Specify) 1.50 Yes Farm Bunding District level 1.50 Contour trenches Do 1.00 Stone Bunding Do 1.0 Percolation Tank Do 1.0 New well Do 1.0 Distri.of Horti plant Do 1.00 Revolving fund Do 1.00 Sanitation Do 1.00 Connectivity to project Do site 10.00 District Level
‐ 95 ‐ - 96 - CHAPTER­6 EXPECTED OUTCOME 6.1 Expected Outcomes: 6.1.1 Employment Employment is a big problem in the IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) project. Main occupation of the villagers is agriculture, animal husbandry and wage labour. However, due to undulating soil, farmers take only kharif crops. Only few farmers take Rabi crops. Lack of fodder, animal husbandry is very difficult in the villages. So farmers mainly depend on wage labour whole over the year. Project will provide wage employment as well as self employment to the villagers. Wage employment would be created by engaging the people in watershed development work like construction of check dam, farm bunding, nala plug, staggered contour trenches, and Afforastation work. Self employment would be created by providing different agriculture activities like nursery, vermi­compost, and fruit tree plantation and in animal husbandry by providing animals and fodder directly to the farmers. Project would provide indirectly self employment to the women through training activities of tailoring, poultry, fisheries, agriculture, leaf plate and pottery making. Table no.51: Employment in Project Area: Sl.no. Names of Villages 1 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Wage Employment No. of man days SC ST Others Women Total 7748 1292 3874 12914 0 No. of beneficiaries SC ST Others Women Total 0 150 20 80 250 Self Employment No. of beneficiaries SC ST Others Women Total 0 150 20 80 250 6.1.2. Migration Project area witnessing around 10 persons/ 85 days/ annum migration would decrease by 55 % by providing employment to the villagers.
‐ 96 ‐ - 97 - Table no. 52: Details of seasonal migration from Project area: Sl. No. 1 Names of villages Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam No. of persons migrating Pre­project Expected post project 20 15 No. of days per year of migration Pre­project Expected post project 70 to80 45 to50 6.1.3 Ground water table: Due to the undulating soil, ground water table is low 5­6 m. Proper soil and water conservation activities would improve ground water table condition by 5­7 m. Table no. 53: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters) Sl. No. 1 Name of Project IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) Sources Open wells Bore wells Others(specify) Pre­Project level 4 to5 7 to 8 ­ Expected Increase/decrease (Post Project) 3 to 4 9­10 ­ 6.1.4 Drinking water People use Natural Spring, handpump, bore well and river for drinking purpose. Gravity supply system is adopted by Govt. agencies like RWD( earlier) and now PHED for regulation supply to the village. These structures provide only 8 month water to the villagers. But in the summer season, villagers face a lot of problem owing to severe landslide snapping supply lines. Water quality is also not good. After the project, villagers can get all over the year drinking water near by house with good quality. Table no. 54: Status of Drinking water: Sl. No. Names of Villages 1 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Availability of drinking water (No. of months in a year) Pre­project Expected Post project 8 9 ­ 10 ‐ 97 ‐ Quality of drinking water Pre­project Expected Post­project contaminated & unhygenic Pure & treated.
- 98 - 6.1.5 Crops All agriculture activities are specially based on monsoon. In the IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) project, due to the undulating land agriculture productivity of the crops is very less. Farmers don't use proper farming pattern in their field also. There is no irrigation facility for the cultivation of the crops which is directly affects the crop yield. Due to the erosion (gully and rill), fertility of the land is low. Project would increase the productivity of the crops by proving proper irrigation facility( Minor irrigation channel) to the farmers as well as the different training programmes for new farming technology by crop demonstration and distributing High yielding varieties seeds to the farmers. Fertility of the land would increase by using vermi­compost and proper cropping pattern in the land. Erosion would be decreased by constructing different soil and water conservation measures. Table no. 55: Details of Kharif and Rabi crop area and yield in the project areas: Name of village Name of crops Area(ha) Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Paddy Millet Maize 14.62 2.74 3.5 Oilseed Potato Village total 0.63 0.52 22.01 Pre­project Average Yield per ha (qtl) Kharif 15.78 0.42 0.5543 Rabi 1.12 0.168 18.0423 ‐ 98 ‐ Area(ha) Expected Post ­Project Average Yield per ha (qtl) 16.082 3.014 3.85 17.358 0.462 0.60973 0.693 0.572 24.211 1.232 0.1848 19.8846
- 99 - Table no. 56: Area under horticulture: SL. No. 1 Name of Village Existing area under horticulture (ha) Area under horticulture proposed to be covered through IWMP 398 39.82 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Remarks 6.1.6 Vegetative cover Project covers about 40­50% area under vegetative cover. In the project area variety of species including bamboo can be seen anywhere. Project would cover 121 ha area through farm forestry, fuel and timber plantation and fruit tree plantation Table no. 57: Forest/vegetative cover: SL. No. Name of Village Existing area under tree cover (ha) Area under tree cover proposed (ha.) 1 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam 1060 106 6.1.7 Livestock Project area covers milch animal like Cow, Mithun, Pig, Goat, small ruminents and hens. Different activities like providing good quality cows and Mithuns, poultry farming, provide fodder by establishment of fodder bank, veterinary services etc. It is expected that the post project period would see a substantial increase in livestock population and yield from them
‐ 99 ‐ - 100 - Table no. 58: Details of livestock in the project areas (data as on 2003) (source Statistical Abstract of AP­2007) The villagers take up cattle rearing, Mithun & Pig rearing as their domestic livelihood & most of the farmers earn a lot from Piggery & Mithun rearing in addition to small poultry & main agricultural practices. Sl. No. Name of Village Type of Animal No. 1 Rigia, Tasring ,Momara & Dagam Pre­ Project Yield (milk in ltrs) Income Expected Post Project No. Yield Income (Milk in ltrs) Remarks Milch Animals­ Cow (per animal/day) 166 0.40 15 139 Animals for other purpose­ Goat Sheep Hen Pig Mithun Horses/Ponies 121 386 300 195 150 70 105 425 360 240 145
Dogs ‐ 100 ‐ 0.4 18 The Statistics is of Taliha Block based on which details worked out . They do take up rearing of these animals as means of livelihoods - 101 - 6.1.8­ Linkages­ Table no. 59: Backward­Forward linkages : Sl. No. 1 Project IWMP­VII/2010­11(Taliha) Type of Marketing Facility Backward linkages Seed certification Seed supply system Fertilizer supply system Pesticide supply system Credit institutions Water supply Extension services Nurseries Tools/machinery suppliers Price Support system Labour Any other (please specify) Forward linkages Harvesting/threshing machinery Storage (including cold storage) Road network Transport facilities Markets / Mandis Agro and other Industries Milk and other collection centres Labour Any other (please specify) Pre­project (no.) ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ‐ 101 ‐ During the project (no.) ­ yes yes yes ­ yes yes yes yes yes yes yes ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ Post­project (no.) ­ yes yes yes ­ yes yes yes yes yes yes yes ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­
- 102 - 6.2: Logical Framework Analysis: Components Village Institution Formation Strengthening Village Institutions Fund Management Ecological Restoration Activities Outputs Formation of Watershed Committee, User Group One Watershed Committee in each village and SHGs . Number of User groups depending on the coverage of particular intervention Organize training and awareness programme for Awareness camps to be organized. Trainings Village institutions and exposure visits UGs and WCs to be held Capacity building workshops and exposure visits Capacity building workshops to be organized User Group, SHGs and Watershed Committee Facilitating and monitoring the functioning of UGs and WCs Strengthen linkages between UGs and WCs and Panchayat Institutions. Gender sensitization in WC, UGs, SHGs. Effect Project can be implemented and managed in a democratic and participatory way ensuring equity. Quality management of common resources will improve. Quality product among people will be improved. Increased awareness amongst women about village resources. Women participation enhanced in decision­making of VCs. Sensitise village communities to involve children Involvement of youth and children in village development work. and youth in development. Improve management and utilisation of UGs, UGs, SHGs and WCs operating bank account Purpose, frequency and volume of use of the SHGs and WCs. and managing resources on their own fund enhanced. Prepare communities to explore Volume of funds generated for UGs, SHGs other sources of income for UGs, SHGs and do and WCs from other sources of income others. increased. Protection, treatment and regeneration of Common and private lands to be brought under Fodder availability from common and common and private resources. new plantations and agro­horti­forestry like private lands increased. Neem, Babool, Drum stick, Mahua, Mango and Sapota etc. Plantation of fruits and forest species Trainings, exposure visits and meetings to be Money saving from purchasing of Domestic organized for communities, village volunteers products. Other micro­enterprise activities and staff can be used at domestic level.
‐ 102 ‐ - 103 - Rainfed Area Development Women’s Socio­ political and economic empowerment Treatment of land through improved soil and moisture conservation practices on watershed basis Construct water harvesting structures for conserving water on rainy season. Promotion of good agricultural practices­ horticulture, improved crop and vegetable Promotion of organic farming practices Land to be brought under improved soil moisture conservation practices Improved productivity of treated land Water can be conserve for a long time. Increased availability of water in wells, pond and checkdam. Increase in annual agriculture production Formation of Fodder banks to increase fodder security and promote dairy development among communities Identification and promotion of agri­produce based income generation activities like grading, processing and packaging. Promotion of better Irrigation practices like MIC. Fodder banks to be established Impart trainings, conduct meetings and organise exposure visits of communities, village volunteers and staff to effectively plan, execute and monitor activities Formation & Strengthening of women’s SHG groups Trainings, exposure visits and meetings to be organized for communities, village volunteers and staff Good agricultural practices to be promoted. Organic farming to be promoted Agriculture based livelihood income generation activities to be promoted Water harvesting structures to be constructed for irrigation facilities to be distributed among farmers Women’s SHG groups to be formed Capacity building of womenfolk Federation of Women’s SHGs to be formed Linking SHGs with external financial institutions Increased household income.
‐ 103 ‐ Farmers adopt organic farming practices. Use of domestic product properly Fodder security of farmers enhanced. Increase availability of water for 12 months Increased availability of water for livestock .Availability of irrigation water established Farmers take two or three crops in a year Increase in agricultural productivity of land Availability of drinking water enhanced Enhanced capacities of leaders of women's group in taking initiatives to solve problems at different levels. - 104 - CHAPTER ­7 QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUE 7 Quality and Sustainability Issues 7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation A Web­based GIS System is proposed to be developed for monitoring and evaluating the project in its planning & implementation phases. The system would be available on a public domain and can be accessed by all the stakeholders of the project. The system shows the entire state of Arunachal Pradesh and all of those areas selected over the next 18 years. Filtering allows the user to zoom onto one particular project. Details related to soil type, Land­use classification, inhabitation etc., can be obtained village­wise. Furthermore, survey­number wise details related to ownership, irrigation source, yield etc., can also be accessed by the users of the system. This system is being used for pooling up the details obtained from the DPR. In other words, the DPR is being made available online in the form of a database which will help the stakeholders know areas of importance viz., already treated areas/historical works in the area, proposed areas for treatment etc., for further treatment and planning. The system would also show the satellite imageries of various years from the project inception stage to the project closing stages. This allows the user to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and thereby plan corrective measures for the project area. The system would serve as an aiding tool to the planners and evaluators for judging the efficacy of the project. Yet another component of the Web­based GIS system is the Mobile based Monitoring & Evaluation System, which will help the ground staff alias WDTs (Watershed Development Team) to transmit information from the ground level to the central server. Also, any higher­up official in charge of the project can obtain information regarding the project area on their mobile phone by means of an SMS. The system works in the following manner. The WDT equipped with a GPS instrument marks the latitude­longitude information of various treatment areas during the DPR. The probable sites are then transferred onto the central server. During the works phase, any progress in the treatment areas is reported to the server by means of an SMS by the WDT. Similarly, any nodal officer or higher­up official can view the progress in a project by means of summarized reports generated over frequent periods of time. 7.2 Plans for Project management: The Project management of any watershed programme is very important. It mainly depends upon the community organisation and the village level institutes. In Rotte project, watershed committee, various user groups and SHGs have been formulated for post project operation and maintenance of assets created during project period. Major emphasis will be on equity and sustainable benefit of the project even after implementation stage. A proper link­up will be built during project period with various institutes and capacity building organisation. They will act as a major kingpin during post implementation for scaling up the successful experience during project. 7.3 Watershed Development Fund: The major source of financial assistance after post implementation period is watershed Development Fund. The contribution of it will comes mainly fund the following: 7.4 User Charges: Various user groups will be formed in village. These user groups will collect user charges according to the designated rules formed during the formation of user group. These funds will be transferred to the WDF funds as per these formulated rules. The secretary of watershed committee (WC) shall maintain the records.
‐ 104 ‐ - 105 - Some photographs of watershed activities in Upper Subansiri:
‐ 105 ‐ Technical Sanction Competency & other allied guidelines: a). The technical delegation of financial powers of Rural Engineering as approved & circulated shall be followed in exercise of technical sanction/ estimation etc. An exception of the Designated officer of WCDC (DRDA) with Rs.1.5 lakh is allowed. This may even be enhanced on specific exigencies on specific recommendation of WCDC & on approval of SLNA/ Govt. FORMAT FOR TECHNICAL SANCTION FOR EACH ACTIVITY NAME OF PROJECT AREA & UNDER WHICH GRAM PANCHAYAT_________ Technical Sanction Activity Name:____________________________ Sanction No._______________________ Units / Physical Measurement______________ Total Cost as per estimate:_________ Place of Work:______________________________ Beneficiary Share:_________________ Date of Start:_______________________________ Project Share:______________________ Date of Completion:__________________________
- 107 - Summary of Estimated Expenditure, Sub­activity wise Sl. No Sub Activity Name Unit of Measurement Units Rate per Unit Total Cost Total Less: Beneficiary contribution:______________________ Project Share:______________________________________ Sanctioning Authority Name : Signature: Date:
‐ 107 ‐ - 108 - b). Other related procedure/ clarifications if felt by WCDC/PIA/WC/village communities at time of execution may be referred to time­to­time instructions/ orders issued by RD Dirctorate/CEO, SLNA earlier or may be got clarified by SLNA. Conflict resolution: Every attempt should be made to resolve all conflicts within the Gram Sabha and Watershed Committees. The WDT will facilitate the villagers in this regard. In case of conflict among GP, WC, WDT and PIAs, the WCDC, DRDA Daporijo, Upper Subansiri will act as the conflict resolution Authority. If Gram Sabha so feels that it requires formal arbitration, a three­member committee will be set up for the purpose of arbitration. It shall comprise the Officer identified in WCDC under DRDA, a nominee of the Gram Sabha and a nominee of the WDT. In the above case if either party is unsatisfied with decision of the WCDC then they can appeal to CEO. The decision of the committee at CEO advised by Chairman,level shall be final and binding on all parties. ( Caution: Any correspondence to the Ministry giving wrong informations about project implementation that hinders the watershed activities without due authentication of SLNA will be rejected without any action) Powers & Functions of Secretary, Watershed Committee: The Secretary of the Watershed Committee, (WC) will be selected in a meeting of the Gram Sabha/village Communities. This person would be an independent paid functionary distinct and separate from the Panchayat Secretary. He would be a dedicated functionary with no responsibilities other than the assistance to the Watershed Committee (WC) and would work under the direct supervision of the Chairman/President of Watershed Committee (WC) and would be selected on the basis of merit and experience. The expenses towards the honorarium to be paid to Secretary of Watershed Committee (WC) will be charged from the administrative support to the PIA. The Secretary will be responsible for the following tasks:
· · · · · Convening meetings of the Gram Sabha, Gram Panchayat, Watershed Committee for facilitating the decision making processes in the context of Watershed Development Project.
Taking follow­up action on all decisions.
Maintaining all the records of project activities and proceedings of the meetings of Gram Panchayat, Watershed Committee (WC) and other institutions for Watershed Development Project.
Ensuring payments and other financial transactions.
Signing the cheques jointly with the WDT nominee on behalf of the Watershed Committee (N.B: The activities shall be carried out in respective project area duly indicated as per MWS­ 2nos polygon & at locations of respective farmers shown in this DPR. There will be no deviation & allocations should be utilized judiciously for implementation as per indication till completion of the project).
‐ 108 ‐ - 109 - ‐ 109 ‐
110 110