syngo MR - Quick Guide

Transcription

Magnetic Resonance
syngo MR
Version syngo MR 2004A
Quick Guide
medical
Manufacturer’s note:
This product bears a CE marking in accordance with the provisions of Directive 93/42/
EEC of June 14th, 1993 concerning medical
devices.
syngo MR – Quick Guide
The CE marking applies only to medico-technical products/medical products introduced in
connection with the above-mentioned comprehensive EC directives.
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System Information
System type:
Serial number:
Gradient configuration:
Connected cameras:
Customer service
phone numbers:
Software options:
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4
Overview
Introduction
Switching the system on/off
Preparing Examinations
Examination
Patient Browser
Viewing
Saving and Sending
Filming
Troubleshooting
Sequence Nomenclature
3D
5
Contents
Introduction.......................................... 9
Starting up the system ....................... 11
Switching on standby mode ............... 13
Switching the system off .....................13
Preparing the Examination
Registering a patient for
an examination ................................... 15
Preregistering patients for
examination at a later point in time .... 19
Preparing the patient table ................. 21
Positioning the patient ........................ 21
Determining the center of the
measurement field.............................. 21
Examination
Examination of the head .................... 23
Examination of the lumbar spine ....... 39
Printing protocols ............................... 51
Abdominal examinations .................... 55
Generating a protocol from
acquired images (Phoenix) ................ 75
Patient Browser
6
Open patient browser......................... 79
Selecting data .................................... 79
Transferring data
to other applications ........................... 87
Correcting data .................................. 89
Moving data ....................................... 91
Deleting data ...................................... 93
Viewer task card
Loading and displaying images .......... 95
Selecting images................................ 97
Scrolling ........................................... 101
Windowing images ........................... 103
Contents
Zooming and panning images ......... 107
Rotating and flipping images ........... 111
Image evaluation .............................. 113
Determining grayscale values
of pixels (pixel lens).......................... 119
Hiding an area of the image ............. 121
Position display ................................ 121
Filtering Images ............................... 125
Distortion correction ......................... 127
Saving images ................................. 129
Saving and Sending
Storing data on CD .......................... 131
Sending and receiving data
via network ....................................... 133
Automatic data transfer .................... 135
Filming
Transferring images to the
virtual film sheet ............................... 137
Selecting images and film sheets..... 137
Editing film jobs ................................ 139
Exposing on film............................... 145
3D
Evaluation with MPR ........................ 147
Evaluation with MIP ......................... 155
Saving and viewing 3D images ........ 161
Filming 3D images ........................... 163
Status bar ........................................ 165
System Manager .............................. 167
Automatic adjustment failed ............. 169
In case of emergency ...................... 173
Sequence Nomenclature.................. 175
Troubleshooting
7
8
Introduction
Welcome to the high-performance software
syngo MR used to operate MAGNETOM MR
systems manufactured by Siemens.
This syngo MR Quick Guide is intended to
help you with your examination routine providing you quickly with information about the
most important functions of syngo MR. This
Quick Guide is only valid in conjunction with
the system manual and the safety information
contained therein.
The right pages contain step-by-step instructions on how to use the basic functions of
syngo MR. The left pages contain supplemental figures and notes.
This guide describes quick and easy operations using buttons and pop-up menus. Of
course, most actions can also be selected
from the main menu.
The Quick Guide provides information about
the following:
The chapter titles of the Quick Guide refer to
the terms used in the user interface.
Please note that syngo MR includes a comprehensive Online Help.
Press the F1 key on your keyboard or click the
help button in the active dialog box to call up
the online help.
❏ Switching the system on and off
❏ Registering patients and preparing MR
examinations
❏ Performing routine examinations
❏ Managing patient data
❏ Processing images
❏ Filming images
❏ Storing and sending patient data
❏ 3D evaluation
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Function checks prior to switch-on:
❏
❏
❏
❏
10
Is the display of the alarm box functioning?
Are all warning signs posted?
Are there fluids on the floor?
Magnetizable materials?
(1) Keyswitch
(2) Switching off the system
(3) Switch on Host Standby
(4) System On LED
(5) Line LED
(6) Plexiglas cover
(7) Magnet Stop
(8) Magnet Stop LED
(9) Helium level LED
(10) Confirm alarm
(11) Switching on the system
Function checks after switch-on:
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
Is the patient table functioning?
Is the squeeze bulb functioning?
Is the monitoring equipment functioning?
Is the intercom system functioning?
Is the door of the examination room
closed?
Starting up the system
➭ Before starting up the system, please perform the daily function checks.
✧ Turn the key in the alarm box 90° clockwise.
✧ Press the System On button.
The System On LED at the alarm box lights
up. The system is switched on.
At the control computer, Windows NT and
syngo MR are booted automatically.
CAUTION
✧ Perform function checks after the system
has been started.
Do not operate the patient table while
syngo MR is starting up.
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12
HIPAA supports high-performance user management and access control in syngo MR.
This ensures the safety, integrity and consistence of patient data.
Switching on standby mode
In standby mode, the measurement unit and
patient table are switched off. The control
computer (HOST) is operational. While you
are able to evaluate and report, you are not
able to perform measurements.
✧ Press the Host Standby button at the
alarm box.
❏ If the system is switched on, all the components except for the HOST computer are
switched off.
❏ If the system is switched off, only the
HOST computer is switched on.
➭ If you press the System On button in
standby mode the system is ready again
for scanning.
Switching the system off
First end the session syngo MR, then shut
down the system.
✧ Select System > End.
✧ Click the Shutdown System button.
✧ Click the Yes button.
✧ Press the System Off button on the alarm
box.
✧ Turn the keyswitch to the left.
The system is now blocked.
The Confirm Action dialog window opens.
13
InvokeRegistration allows you to call up the
registration form and complete it.
14
If you do not enter a patient ID, the system
automatically assigns a unique identification
code derived from the date, time, abbreviation
for daylight-saving or standard time, and the
identification number of your system (unique
worldwide).
Registering a patient for an examination
Before each MR examination you have to register the patient. You may proceed in one of
two ways:
❏ Enter a new patient plus all data
❏ Select a known patient from the database
Registering a new patient
✧ Press this key on the symbol keypad.
The Patient Registration dialog box opens.
✧ Fill out at least the compulsory fields displayed in boldface font in the Patient
Registration dialog box:
Last name
Patient ID
Date of birth
Sex
Weight
Studies
Patient position
✧ Click Exam.
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
15
You can select the required patient in the Patient Browser first and then call up registration.
→ Page 79, Selecting data
You can use wildcards (*) to shorten data
entry, e.g.:
16
Registering a known patient
✧ Enter the name and/or the ID of the known
patient in the Patient Registration window.
✧ Click Search to start searching for the
patient in the databases.
✧ Select the required patient from the Patient Search list.
✧ Click OK to place the information stored
into the Patient Registration window.
✧ Add missing data in the Patient Registration window.
→ Page 15, Registering a patient for an
examination
➭ If your system is connected to a HIS/RIS
system, you can search for a known
patient in the network, import the data into
the local database, and register the patient
afterward.
→ Page 85, Searching patients
✧ Click Exam.
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18
Preregistering patients for examination at a later point in time
If you preregister a new patient, you subsequently just call up the examination data in
the Scheduler of the Patient Browser.
✧ Fill out the following fields in the Patient
Registration dialog box:
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
Last name
Patient ID
Date of birth
Sex
Studies
Patient position
✧ Click Preregister.
The patient information is now preregistered
for a later examination.
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The System Manuals provide detailed information regarding operating the patient table,
using the coils, and patient positioning.
(1) This function is not available
(2) Starting/stopping the measurement
(3) Playback volume of the wall speaker
(4) Ventilation in measurement tunnel
(5) Lighting in measurement tunnel
(6) Joystick
(7) Table Stop
(8) Home Position
(9) Playback volume of the headphones
(10) Center Position
(11) Laser light localizer
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Preparing the patient table
✧ Place the necessary positioning aids on
the patient table.
✧ Place the coil on the table.
✧ Lower the patient table.
Positioning the patient
✧ Position and secure the patient on the
table.
How the patient is positioned on the table
depends on the planned examination.
✧ Position the coil at the patient and connect
it.
The area to be examined has to be located in
the center of the coil.
Determining the center of the measurement field
✧ Raise the table using the joystick.
✧ Move the table partly into the magnet
using the joystick.
✧ Instruct the patient to close his eyes.
✧ Move the table into the magnet until the
laser crosshairs are fully aligned with the
marked coil center.
✧ Switch off the laser light localizer.
✧ Move the table into the center of the magnet isocenter using the Center position
button.
✧ Switch on the laser light localizer.
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Examination
22
You can display reference images in the threesegment, two-segment, or Maestro layout.
The Maestro layout displays the acquired
series as stamp segments below the three
image segments.
Examination
This chapter describes basic operating steps
as well as some important functions of the
Examination task card using a head examination, a spinal as well as an abdominal
examination as examples.
Examination of the head
Loading a head routine examination
✧ Select the following examination data during patient registration:
Examination: head general
Patient position:Head First Supine
✧ Click Exam.
✧ Select scan program standard 1 on the
Program parameter card.
✧ Click <<.
Acquiring reference images
The Localizer (overview scan) starts automatically. The reconstructed reference
images are displayed in the image area in the
three main orientations sagittal, transverse,
and coronal.
The 5 program steps of the scan program are
transferred to the program control.
23
Examination
You can change the size of the FoV using the
grab handles on the border line of the FoV:
❏ Enlarging/reducing in the phaseencoding direction.
❏ Enlarging/reducing in the read-out
direction.
During graphic slice positioning, the mouse
pointer changes shape according to the various drawing modes.
Examples:
❏ Adding a slice/slab group in 3 point mode
❏ Adding a saturation region
❏ Adding a slice and 3D slab group
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❏ Rotating graphic objects
❏ Selecting and moving graphic objects
❏ Changing the number of slices/slabs
Examination
Positioning sagittal slices
After a localizer, the following protocol
t1_se_sag opens automatically. The sagittal
slices of this protocol are displayed in the reference images for positioning. In the sagittal
reference image, the projection corresponds
to the field of view (FoV).
You can adjust the position of the FoV in the
sagittal reference image:
✧ Click the grab handle in the center of the
FoV and hold the mouse button down.
✧ Move the FoV until the head is positioned
in its center.
Move and tilt the slices in the coronal or transverse reference image, if necessary.
Starting the protocol measurement
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol t1_se_sag.
When protocol t1_se_sag is running, the following protocol pd+t2_tse_tra opens automatically. The transverse slices of this protocol are displayed in the reference images.
Positioning transverse slices
25
Examination
26
If you want to document further details of the
use of contrast agent (type and quantity) for
subsequent invoicing, click the syringe icon to
select a substance from the contrast agent
catalog.
Examination
Adjust the position of FoV in the transverse
reference image:
in its center.
Adjust the tilt of the transverse slices in the
sagittal reference image:
✧ Left-click the list entry and keep the mouse
button pressed.
✧ Tilt the slices to adjust them to the anatomy of the head.
Starting the Starting the protocol measurement protocol
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol pd+t2_tse_tra.
Documenting contrast agent
After protocol pd+t2_tse_tra, a contrast
agent pause follows. Examination is stopped
and the Examination Pause window opens.
✧ Close the Examination Pause window.
✧ Activate the Contrast agent administration check box.
27
Examination
You can also use the Copy parameter group
function to transfer other important parameter
settings to another protocol.
✧ Call up online help with the F1 key in the
Copy parameter group window or by
using the Help button for information about
the different parameter groups.
→ Page 44
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Examination
Copying parameter settings
Protocol t1_se_sag opens automatically. To
avoid positioning the FoV again, transfer its
position from the previously run protocol
t1_se_sag.
✧ Click protocol t1_se_sag in the job
list and select Copy Parameter.
✧ Select the entry Center of slice/
3D slab groups & sat. region in the Copy
Parameter window and confirm with OK.
Administering contrast agent
Before starting a contrast agent scan with
Apply, administer the contrast agent to the
patient.
✧ Open the Table Positioning window, if the
patient has to be moved out of the magnet
for contrast agent administration.
✧ Click this button on the Table Positioning
window to move the patient table almost
completely out of the magnet.
Do not move the patient table completely
out of the magnet (do not move it into
the HOME-Position!). Otherwise, the
examination is considered ended.
NOTE
29
Examination
Icons in the job list:
A protocol without an icon is complete and will
be started automatically.
A protocol with a construction worker icon
cannot be automatically started. The protocol
parameters are still incomplete.
A protocol with a flagman has to be started
manually.
A protocol identified by a flagman with several
flags can be started and measured several
times in a row.
This icon marks a protocol that includes automatic image postprocessing after completion
of a scan.
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A syringe icon marks a protocol as a contrast
agent scan.
A series icon indicates a successfully run protocol with completely reconstructed images.
A lightning icon indicates canceled or skipped
protocols.
A reference icon marks a protocol that uses
the copied parameter settings of another scan
protocol.
Examination
✧ Administer the contrast agent to the
patient in the examination room.
✧ Press the Center position button on the
control panel of the magnet.
Or
✧ Click this button in the Table Positioning
window at the console to move the patient
table back into the magnet isocenter.
NOTICE
Do not use the light localizer to determine the center of the measurement field
again.
Otherwise, you are not able to return the
patient table to the exact same position in
the center of the measurement field.
Starting a contrast agent scan
✧ Click Apply to apply the copied parameter
settings and start protocol t1_se_sag.
In the job list a syringe icon
marks the
protocol as a contrast agent scan.
You will append protocol t1_mpr_ns_sag
(3DMPRAGE) to the routine scan program.
You can calculate new slices from the
scanned slab via Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR) on the 3D task card.
→ Page 147, Evaluation with MPR
Adding, editing, and running protocols
31
Examination
32
The head coil selected is displayed in the sagittal and coronal reference image.
Examination
✧ Click this button to open the Exam Explorer.
✧ Open the SIEMENS\head\seizure directory in the navigation area and select the
standard scan program.
✧ Click protocol t1_mpr_ns_sag in the content area and drag and drop it to the end of
the job list.
✧ Double-click the appended protocol to
open it.
The 3D slab of this protocol is displayed in the
reference images.
✧ Click the Routine parameter card into
foreground.
You have to adjust the slice parameters so
that the 3D slab covers the entire anatomy:
✧ For example, by increasing the number of
Slices in the 3D slab from 72 to 128.
✧ Or by reducing Slice-Oversampling, for
example, from 100 to 25.
✧ Position the 3D slab.
→ Page 25, Positioning sagittal slices
33
Examination
You can activate the MIP-Tra option on the
Angio-Inline parameter card. If you are working with a Maestro Class System, MIP
images of transverse (sagittal or coronal) orientation are computed from the measured 3D
slabs of the current protocol.
34
Examination
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol t1_mpr_ns_sag.
While protocol t1_mpr_ns_sag is running,
append protocol tof_fi3d_tra to it. With the
volume data set acquired, you can perform a
Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) on the
3D task card for optimum display of the vessels.
→ Page 155, Evaluation with MIP
✧ Open the SIEMENS\angiography\BasicPrograms directory in the navigation area
and select the carotids scan program.
✧ Click protocol t1_mpr_ns_sag in the content area and drag and drop it to the end of
the job list.
✧ Double-click the appended protocol to
open it.
The transverse slices and saturation regions
of this protocol are displayed in the reference
images.
35
Examination
36
Examination
in its center.
✧ Position the center of the 3D slab group in
the sagittal reference image.
In protocol tof_fi3d_tra, a parallel saturation
region is defined to suppress the sinus sagitalis signal. The position and orientation of
this saturation region are defined by the 3D
slab group and may be changed only together
with the 3D slab group.
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol tof_fi3d_tra.
Saving a changed scan program
The routine scan program that you changed
by appending additional protocols may be
saved, for example, under a new name in the
customer area.
✧ Assign the changed scan program to the
corresponding region and examination in
the Save Program As window and enter a
name.
✧ Click Save.
✧ Place the mouse pointer on the
black background of the job list and
select Save As Program.
37
Examination
38
Examination
Examination of the lumbar spine
Loading a routine examination of the lumbar
spine
Examination: l-spine general
Patient position: Head First Supine
✧ Click Exam.
✧ Select the scan program Standard on the
✧ Click <<.
The 4 protocols of the scan program are
The Localizer (overview scan) starts automatically. The reconstructed reference
images are displayed in the image area in the
two main orientations sagittal and coronal.
After the localizer, the next protocol
t1_se_sag opens automatically. The sagittal
slices of this protocol are displayed for positioning in the reference images.
Positioning sagittal slices
39
Examination
Tools for graphic positioning:
Changes the graphic object
Zooming/panning the reference image
Adds a new slice/3D slab group
Adds a new saturation region
Adding a slice/3D slab group in the 3 point
algorithm mode
Deletes a graphic object
Displays slices in line mode
Displays slices/slabs in box mode
Displays slices/3D slabs in package mode
Changes the thickness of a slice/3D slab
group
Changes the number of slices/3D slabs in a
group
40
Changes the distance between slices/3D
slabs of a group
Changes the extent of slice oversampling
Changes the extent of phase oversampling
Shows/hides position lines
Shows/hides coil elements of array coils
Shows/hides the adjustment volume
Shows/hides image text
Examination
For easier positioning of slices, change to the
package mode display:
✧ Activate the tool bar for graphic slice positioning.
✧ Click this button to activate the package
mode.
Position the slices in the lumbar region of the
spinal column:
✧ Click the pivot handle in the coronal reference image and hold the mouse button
down.
✧ Drag the slice group over the lumbar
region of the spinal column.
✧ Click a line and hold the mouse button
down.
✧ Tilt the slices to adapt them to the anatomy
of the lumbar region of the spinal column.
In protocol t1_se_sag a saturation region is
defined. You position this region in front of the
lumbar region of the spinal column.
✧ Click the pivot handle in the center of the
saturation region and hold the mouse button down.
✧ Drag the saturation region in front of the
lumbar region of the spinal column.
Positioning a saturation region
41
Examination
Only coil elements with a fixed table position
(array coils) can be displayed. They are displayed on reference images with sagittal or
coronal main orientation.
42
The image comment is valid for all protocols
that still need to be scanned during the current
examination. If necessary, you can change or
delete it in the Image Comment window.
Examination
✧ Click the saturation region to define its pivotal center (use the pivot handle).
✧ Click the edge of the saturation region and
hold the mouse button down.
✧ Tilt the saturation region to adapt it to the
anatomy of the lumbar region of the spinal
column.
Selecting coil elements
✧ Click this button to display the coil elements of the connected array coils in the
reference images.
✧ Click the coil elements that you want to
activate to scan the lumbar region of the
spinal column (e.g. SP5 and SP6).
✧ Select Queue > Automatic Coil select for
automatic transfer of the coil selection into
the protocols that you are going to open
next.
Entering an image comment
✧ Place the mouse pointer on the
outside edge of the program control and select Image Comment.
✧ Enter a comment in the Image Comment
window and confirm with OK.
Before scanning a protocol, you can enter a
comment that will appear as image comment
on the reconstructed images.
43
Examination
The Copy Parameter function can also be
assigned to a protocol as a protocol property.
You can do this either in the job list or in the
Exam Explorer.
✧ Open the Protocol step property
window under Properties.
✧ Define the source protocol and the
parameter group on the Copy References
subtask card and activate copy references.
44
Examination
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol t1_se_sag.
When scanning protocol t1_se_sag, the following protocol t2_tse_sag opens automatically. You transfer the position and orientation
of the slice group and saturation region of
protocol t1_se_sag to protocol t2_tse_sag.
→ Page 29, Copying parameter settings
✧ Click protocol t1_se_sag in the job
list and select Copy Parameter.
✧ Select the entry Center of slice/
3D slab groups & sat. region in the Copy
Parameter window and confirm with OK.
settings and start protocol t2_tse_sag.
45
Examination
You can use the Reference lines On/
Off button to display the position lines
of the reference images. You can then
observe the changes of position in the
scanned slices as you scroll.
Double-click with the left mouse button to
restore the reference image to its original size
and position.
46
To improve display of intersection lines in
bright image areas, you can additionally display shadow.
✧ Select View > Graphics > Shadow On.
Examination
Positioning transverse slices
While protocol t2_tse_sag is running, protocol t1_se_tra_msma opens automatically.
The transverse slice groups of this protocol
are displayed in the reference images.
To position the transverse slices, load one of
the two scanned sagittal series into the image
area and select a suitable reference image.
✧ Double-click the series icon to load the
series into the active image segment (input
focus!).
✧ Scroll through the images of a series to
select a reference image with the keys of
the symbol keypad, or use the dog ears.
→ Page 101, Scrolling
You can optimize display of the selected reference image:
✧ Activate the Zoom&Pan + Modify Graphics mouse mode.
✧ Change the brightness and contrast of the reference image.
→ Page 105, Windowing using the
mouse
✧ Subsequently, activate the Select mouse
mode again.
✧ Change the size and position of
the reference image in the image
segment.
→ Page 107, Zooming with the mouse
→ Page 109, Panning images
47
Examination
Use the Geometry parameter card, if you
want to set the orientation and position of
graphic objects precisely by entering values.
48
Examination
✧ Adapt the position and inclination of the
transverse slice group in the sagittal reference image to the anatomy of the lumbar
spine.
✧ Position the saturation region in front of the
lumbar spine and adapt the inclination to
the anatomy.
→ Page 41, Positioning a saturation region
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol t1_se_tra_msma.
49
Examination
To print out material, connect the printer to
your system either locally or via a network.
50
Examination
Printing protocols
Since these functions are time-consuming,
they are generally not used during clinical
examinations.
Printing data
Printing a parameter overview of protocols
and contents of scan programs, examinations, and regions
✧ Go to the parameter card Program and
select the following: region I-spine, examination general, measurement program
standard as well as the protocols
t1_se_sag, t2_tse_sag and
t1_se_tra_msma.
✧ Select Print from the pop-up menu.
The Print dialog box opens.
✧ Select the desired printer from the Name
selection list.
✧ Select the print option Protocol and Contents.
✧ Click the OK button in the print dialog box.
Or
✧ Click the Preview button in the Print dialog box.
The displayed data are printed via the default
printer of the system.
51
Examination
The first time you export data, the Path input
box is empty.
The storage dialog box allows you to create
subdirectories on drives A:\, T:\, and U:\.
52
Examination
Exporting data into a file
If no printer is installed or you would like to
evaluate the print-out or print at another location, you can print the protocols and table of
contents directly into a pdf file.
✧ Open the print dialog box.
✧ Select the Print to file item from the Name
selection list.
The Path input box is active.
✧ Click the Find button.
The storage dialog box opens.
✧ Set the required storage location on your
system here.
✧ Enter a name for the export file in the Filename field.
✧ Click the Save button.
The save dialog closes. The settings for the
archive directory and the name of the export
file are entered as a path in the Path field.
✧ Subsequently, set the print range.
The selected data are exported to the desired
pdf file. The print dialog box is closed automatically.
53
Examination
54
Examination
Abdominal examinations
Connecting the CP Body Array
✧ Place the CP Body Array on the patient's
abdomen.
✧ Secure the CP Body Array using the two
straps provided.
✧ Insert the coil plug of the CP Body Array
into the respective connector.
Loading the abdominal examination
Examination: Abdomen
Patient position: Head First Supine
✧ Click Exam.
✧ Select the scan program Standard on the
✧ Click <<.
The 7 program steps of the scan program are
55
Examination
When using surface coils, you also select a
coil element adjacent to the navigator.
56
Examination
The Localizer (overview scan) starts automatically. The program reconstructs reference images in the main orientation (sagittal,
transverse and coronal) and displayed in
the image area.
Selecting coil elements
✧ Go to Tools Positioning and click this
button to display the coil elements of the
connected array coils in the reference
images.
✧ Click the coil elements (i.e. SP3, SP4 and
SP5) you would like to activate for the
abdominal scan on the parameter card
System or the GSP segment.
✧ Select Queue > Automatic Coil select for
automatic transfer of the coil selection into
the protocols that you are going to open
next.
57
Examination
58
(1) Saturation region
(2) Navigator
Examination
Preparing a protocol
The following protocols of the Standard program run with breathhold control.
You would like to monitor the patient's breathing prior and during breathhold commands
without changing the slice position.
✧ Click the Physio parameter card into foreground.
✧ Click the PACE subtask card.
✧ Select the option Breathhold & Monitor in
the Breathhold control field.
Positioning the navigator
A navigator is defined in protocol
t1_fl2d_tra_mbh. The navigator signals
show the respiratory movement of the diaphragm.
✧ Go to the main menu and select View >
Display > Projection On.
The navigator is shown.
You position the navigator on the edge of the
diaphragm in a coronal reference image.
✧ Click the pivot handle in the center of the
navigator and hold the mouse button
down.
✧ Shift the navigator. One half of the navigator volume should be located in the lungs
and the other half in the liver.
✧ Select the navigator. The navigator
selected is shown in yellow.
59
Examination
(1) Navigator signal
(2) Detected diaphragm position
(3) Edge of diaphragm
Buttons to operate the Inline display:
Image storage
Save
Pause the display
60
Stop & Continue
Copy image position
Display filter
Measure breathhold
Examination
Checking to see if navigator position is correct
Go to the Inline Display and monitor the respiratory movement of the diaphragm. Start
the multiple breathhold control protocol.
After each breathhold command, the image
rows of the slices belonging to one concatenation are scanned.
✧ Click this button to display the Inline Display window.
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start the measurement via protocol t1_fl2d_tra_mbh.
When the navigator positioning is correct, the
full range of free breathing motion of the transition between the dark signal of the lungs
and the bright signal of the liver should be visible. The detected diaphragm position follows
the edge of the diaphragm, however, it does
not cover it.
✧ Monitor the respiratory curve in the Inline
Display.
61
Examination
62
Examination
Enter the breathhold command as soon as
the message "press scanning in Inline Display when the Pat. is ready” appears in the
Inline Display.
✧ Press the Talk button on the intercom system and hold it pressed.
✧ Give the command "breathe in, breathe
out, hold your breath."
✧ Click the Scan Breathhold button.
Scanning starts.
The navigator signal is not recorded during
scanning. After the slices of the first concatenation have been scanned, the navigator signal is scanned and displayed again.
As the message "continue breathing" is displayed in the status line, enter the appropriate
command.
✧ Apply the command to breathe again.
The patient should draw several normal
breaths.
✧ Apply the breathhold command to scan the
image lines of the next concatenation and
click the Scan Breathhold button again.
63
Examination
Patient information and instructions are given
during an examination via manual or automatic voice outputs, e.g. breathing control
instructions (however not for BOLD, multibreathhold scans).
The characteristics of the protocol determine
voice output.
64
Examination
Protocol t1_fl2d_fs_tra_mbh is opened
automatically. To avoid positioning the navigator again, transfer its position from the previously run protocol t1_fl2d_tra_mbh.
✧ Click protocol t1_fl2d_tra_mbh in
the job list and select Copy Parameter.
✧ Select the entry Center of slice/3D slab
groups & sat. region in the Copy Parameter window and confirm with OK.
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start the measurement via protocol t1_fl2d_fs_tra_mbh.
The measurement run is identical to protocol
t1_fl2d_tra_mbh.
breaths.
✧ Apply the breathhold command to scan the
image lines of the next concatenation and
click the Scan Breathhold button again.
65
Examination
66
Examination
Protocol t2_tse_tra_mbh opens automatically. To avoid positioning the navigator again,
transfer its position from the previously run
protocol t1_fl2d_tra_mbh.
✧ Click protocol t2_tse_tra_mbh in
the job list and select Copy Parameter.
✧ Select the entry Center of slice/3D slab
groups & sat. region in the Copy Parameter window and confirm with OK.
Adjusting the measurement parameters
✧ Select the option Breathhold & Follow in
the Breathhold control field.
In addition, the offset between slices acquired
at different breathhold intervals is minimized
using the navigator signal. The position of the
slices acquired in the second and following
breathhold intervals is adjusted, if necessary.
67
Examination
(1) Accept window
68
Examination
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol t2_tse_tra_mbh.
Display.
The measurement run is identical to protocol
t1_fl2d_fs_tra_mbh.
breaths.
✧ Give the breathhold command for scanning the image rows of the next concatenation.
69
Examination
70
Examination
Documenting contrast agent
After protocol t2_tse_tra_mbh, a contrast
agent pause follows. The examination is
stopped and the Examination Pause window
opens.
✧ Activate the Contrast agent administration check box.
✧ Close the Examination Pause window.
→ Page 27, Documenting contrast agent
Administering contrast agent
Before starting a contrast agent scan with
Apply, administer the contrast agent to the
patient.
→ Page 29, Administering contrast agent
Starting a contrast agent scan
settings and start protocol
t1_fl2d_tra_mbh.
71
Examination
With single shot sequences (e.g. HASTE), the
patient continues to breathe freely during the
measurement. During a preparation phase,
the system determines the most likely position
of the diaphragm (tolerance center). After the
preparation phase, scanning begins whenever the deviation of the current position of the
diaphragm from the tolerance center is less
than the tolerance window.
72
Examination
breaths.
✧ Give the breathhold command for scanning the image rows of the next concatenation.
A syringe icon
in the job list marks the
protocol as a contrast agent scan.
Adjusting the measurement parameters
After measuring protocol t1_fl2d_tra_mbh,
the t1_haste_tra_8mm free br. protocol is
opened automatically.
✧ Select the option Gate in the Breathhold
control field.
Starting the measurement of the protocol
✧ Click Apply to apply the parameter settings and start protocol
t1_haste_tra_8mm free br. .
The results of the slices that have been measured are saved.
The Inline Display closes as soon as the current image calculation is completed.
Display.
73
Examination
If the patient data are no longer available in
the Patient Browser, import the patient data
to the Patient Browser.
74
Examination
Generating a protocol from acquired images (Phoenix)
You may create a new protocol from previously acquired series and individual images
and add them to the scan program.
For this purpose, select images from different
sources:
❏ Stamp segments
❏ Large segments
❏ Patient Browser
Repeating the measurement
You can view and evaluate the measured
images in the image segments.
You can repeat the complete scan of a protocol if, for example, the result images for a
breathhold scan are of poor quality.
✧ Select the faulty image in the stamp or
large segment.
✧ Select Append To Queue from the context
menu.
Or
✧ Drag and drop the image into the program
control.
A copy of the protocol is generated and converted into an executable program instruction.
75
Examination
76
Examination
Reconstructed protocol through conversion
If the system type or software version used to
generate the series or image does not match
your system, you can attempt conversion.
✧ Select a series or image from the stamp
segments of the Maestro layout, from the
large image segments, or from the Patient
Browser.
✧ Press and hold the Shift key, press and
hold the left mouse button and drag the
series or image into the job list (drag &
drop).
77
Patient Browser
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
78
Data carrier
Patient
Study (examination)
Series (selected)
Images (of selected series)
Navigation area
Content area
You can hide the navigation area as follows:
✧ Deselect the View > Tree.
Patient Browser
The Patient Browser is used for administration, editing, and archiving of patient and
examination data.
Open patient browser
Or
✧ Select the Patient > Browser.
The Patient Browser is displayed.
The Patient Browser window uses a hierarchical study to show all patient and examination data in the databases and on the external
data media.
✧ Scroll through the list of patients in the navigation area until you find the required
patient. Then click the patient entry.
All studies of this patient are displayed in the
content area.
Selecting data
79
Patient Browser
In the content area, you can display series
and images not only as image stamps but also
as a list.
✧ Deselect View > Image Stamps.
With Options > Filter setting, you can open
the Filter Specification dialog box to create
your own filter criteria. These user-defined filters are listed as additional menu items in the
Filter menu.
80
If specific patient data is not located during a
search, ensure that no filter is activated.
A filter remains active until you replace it by
another filter.
Patient Browser
✧ Click a study in the navigation area to
select it and to view all associated series in
the content area.
✧ Click a series in the navigation area to
select it and to obtain an overview of all
images in the content area.
✧ To select an image, click on it in the content area.
Filtering data
✧ Select a filter using the Filter menu or the
tool bar.
❏ Not archived
Only data that have not yet been archived
are displayed.
❏ Not filmed
Only data that have not yet been filmed are
displayed.
❏ Not sent
Only data that have not yet been sent in
the network are displayed.
❏ Not marked
Only data that have not yet been marked
are displayed.
Deactivating filters
✧ Click this button to have all the data displayed again (unfiltered).
❏ Marked
Only marked data are displayed.
81
Patient Browser
Different sorting criteria are offered to you
depending on the data level selected.
Depending on the criterion selected, the data
in the content area are sorted in alphanumeric
or chronological order. They can also be
selected according to whether the sorting criterion has been met completely, partially, or
not at all.
Only data stored in the local database can be
processed.
82
Depending on the configuration of your system, the scheduler is automatically and regularly updated with information from registration.
Patient Browser
Sorting data
✧ Select a data level (patient, study, series)
in the navigation area to display its elements in the content area.
✧ Select the Sort menu and click one of the
sorting criteria stated.
✧ Select Sort > Reverse Order to arrange
the data in reverse order.
Retrieving data from the archive media
✧ Click the icon of a data medium to display
all the data stored there.
✧ Search for and select data by clicking
through the data levels in the navigation
area.
✧ Select Transfer > Import to import the
selected data into your local database.
Updating the display
✧ Double-click the icon Scheduler to update
it first and then open it.
✧ Click the Update Information button to
update the display of the navigation and
content areas.
83
Patient Browser
Patient Search is used to retrieve data not
displayed in the navigation area from other
user terminals working with other or older programs.
If you are searching for another
series or study or patient, go
and switch first to the appropriate data tree and open the lower data levels
again.
Before you start the data search on
another network node, click Reset
to terminate the current data search.
84
Patient Browser
Searching patients
✧ Select Patient > Search to display the
Patient Search window.
✧ Select the network node containing the
data you are searching for.
✧ Enter the last name and ID of the patient
searched for (wildcards * and ? are supported).
✧ Click the Start Search button to start the
search.
✧ Select a patient from the search output list.
✧ Click the Start Search button to display all
studies of that patient.
WARNING
If the ID of the patient is not unique, studies may be listed that do not belong to the
patient selected and displayed in the information area.
✧ Open the lower data levels in the same
way until the required images as well as
the output list are displayed.
✧ Click the Import button.
✧ Select the data that you want to import to
your database from the search list.
85
Patient Browser
You can also drag and drop the selected data
into the open Patient Registration window or
onto the Viewer task card.
You can use multiple selection to transfer the
images of more than one patient onto the
Viewer task card.
If you select Options > Closed after Loading, the Patient Browser will close automatically after image transfer.
86
You can also start special postprocessing
functions from the Patient Browser, such as
Argus, Mean Curve, Spectroscopy.
Patient Browser
Transferring data to other applications
Registering and examining a patient again
✧ Select the patient or the study in the Patient Browser.
✧ Click this button on the tool bar.
Check and complete the data in the Patient
Registration window, then start the examination.
Loading images onto the Viewer.
✧ Select the patient or study or series.
✧ Click this button on the tool bar.
Or
✧ Click the Viewer task card into foreground
and double-click the selected data in the
Patient Browser.
Loading images for 3D evaluation
Suitable two-dimensional slices can be processed on the 3D task card using various
techniques to create three-dimensional representations.
✧ Click the 3D MPR button on the tool bar.
→ Page 147, Evaluation with MPR
Or
✧ Select, for example, Patient > 3D MIP.
→ Page 155, Evaluation with MIP
✧ Select the images (at least 4) or the series.
87
Patient Browser
These data must not be loaded on a task card.
Otherwise, it will no longer be possible to edit
the image comment.
Depending on the data level, some fields of
the dialog box may be dimmed.
You cannot correct any data that are deleteprotected due to Edit > Protect or their work
status.
88
Patient Browser
Correcting data
➭ Never correct data of a patient who is currently registered for scanning. Otherwise,
scanning will be stopped and a new patient
registration is necessary.
✧ Select the patient, study, series or images
that you want to correct.
✧ Click the icon button on the tool bar to
open the Correct dialog box.
✧ Correct or complete the selected data.
✧ Enter your name under Modifier’s name
or select it from the selection list.
✧ Click OK to save the new data.
Or
✧ Click Cancel to cancel correction mode.
All data remain unchanged.
Displaying the change history
✧ Select the patient, study, series, or images
stored in the local database whose history
you want to view.
All corrections to the data (corrections and
rearrangements) are listed in chronological
order in the Correction List.
✧ Click this icon button on the tool bar.
89
Patient Browser
You can only group examination data together
that were acquired by the same method and
with the same patient position.
You cannot move data that are delete-protected.
You cannot move data that are being used in
another application syngo MR.
You cannot move data from a higher hierarchical level to a lower level.
90
Patient Browser
Moving data
The images of a patient are grouped together
in hierarchically arranged groups, that is, in
patient, study, and series. You can rearrange
studies, series, and images by moving data.
✧ Select the data and drag and drop it to a
new position.
Or
✧ Select Edit > Cut or click this icon button.
✧ Click the target position.
✧ Select Edit > Paste or click this button.
✧ Enter your name in the Rearrange dialog
box under Modifier’s name and confirm
the move with OK.
91
Patient Browser
Delete protection always includes both all
lower data levels as well as related higher
data levels.
Delete-protected data are marked with the
status prot.
92
Patient Browser
Deleting data
WARNING
Ensure that all data are archived before
you delete them from the database.
✧ Select the data that you want to delete.
✧ Click this button.
Or
✧ Select Delete.
Protecting data from deletion
✧ Select the data that you want to protect
against deletion.
Or
✧ Select Protect.
Removing delete protection
Or
✧ Select Remove Protection.
✧ Select the data from which you want to
remove delete protection.
93
Viewer task card
The Viewer task card is used to view the
results of the MR examination and evaluate
them.
You can use multiple selection to transfer
images of two or more patients onto the
Viewer task card.
You can load measured series automatically
from the Exam onto the Viewer task card.
Just select the Load images to viewer option
under protocol properties.
94
Viewer task card
Loading and displaying images
Transferring images from the Patient Browser
to the Viewer task card
✧ Select the patient, study, series, or images
in the Patient Browser.
✧ Click this button to transfer the selected
data to the Viewer task card.
Or
✧ Double-click your selection.
Or
✧ Drag and drop your selection to the
desired segment on the Viewer task card.
Gallery or image stack display
✧ Click the View subtask card to move it into
foreground.
The Gallery display shows the images of a
loaded series next to each other.
The Stack display shows all images of a
series in a stack one on top of the other. You
can see the first image of a series. This allows
you to compare the images of two or more
series.
✧ Activate the image stack display.
You can scroll through a stack using the dog
ears in the corner of each stack.
✧ Activate the Gallery display.
95
Viewer task card
Image stack display is only possible for a layout up to 3x3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(7
(4)
(6)
(5)
Patient data
Orientation labels
Hospital / system information
Acquisition-specific settings
Image comment
Window values, data for image geometry,
orientation cube (for images from 3D)
(7) Scale bar
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
96
Viewer task card
Division of the image area
You can define your own division of the image
area into segments.
✧ Select a layout from the View menu or use
the buttons on the View subtask card.
Select a small format display to obtain an
overview or a large format display for evaluation.
Showing and hiding image text and grid
✧ Select View > All Text to show the image
text.
✧ Select View > Selected Text to show
important image information.
✧ Select View > No Text to hide the image
text.
✧ Select View > Grid to show the grid.
Selecting images
Selecting a single image implicitly
The active segment is marked by a blue border shown as dashed lines (input focus). The
image is selected implicitly.
✧ Use the arrow keys of the keyboard to put
the input focus on another image and to
select it implicitly.
✧ Click the image.
97
Viewer task card
98
If none of the segments is marked by a continuous blue border, one or more images are
selected in background.
Viewer task card
Selecting individual images explicitly
✧ Press the Ctrl key and click on an image.
The segment is marked by a blue border
shown as a continuous line. The image is
selected explicitly.
✧ Hold the Ctrl key down and click additional
images to extend the explicit selection.
Selecting images up to the end of the series
✧ Click an image of the desired series.
✧ Select Select the following.
Selecting a complete series
✧ Click an image of the desired series.
✧ Select Select Series.
Deselecting images
✧ Hold the Ctrl key down and click individually selected images to deselect them
again.
✧ Select Deselect All.
Or
99
Viewer task card
ImIm-
If you want to compare the images of different
series, you can scroll image-by-image
through two or more stacks and compare
them. For this purpose, select the desired
stacks explicitly before scrolling
→ Page 77, Reconstructed protocol through
conversion
100
Viewer task card
Scrolling
The Viewer task card allows you to scroll as
follows:
❏ By using the Scroll menu
❏ By using the scroll bar on the right of the
image area
❏ By using the dog ears at the upper right
corner of the images (only in stack display)
❏ By using the keys on the symbol keypad.
Scrolling using the symbol keypad
✧ Press the Study+ or Study- key to scroll to
the next or previous study.
✧ Press the Series+ or Series- key to scroll
to the next or previous series.
✧ Press the Image+ or Image- key to scroll
forward or back by one image.
Scrolling to the next patient
✧ Switch to the patient you require by clicking his patient folder.
101
Viewer task card
Use a layout (1x1 or 2x2) large enough to be
able to recognize all details.
You can also use Scroll > AutoMovie On or this button to have
movie display run automatically.
102
If some images are selected explicitly, only
these images will be windowed, even if Windowing On Succeeding On is activated.
Viewer task card
Playing movie display back interactively
✧ Select Scroll > Interactive Movie On.
✧ Hold the left mouse button down in the
image and move the mouse up or down to
view the images in quick succession like a
movie.
✧ Select Scroll > Interactive Movie On
again.
Movie mode is stopped. The left mouse button is in selection mode again.
Windowing images
During windowing images you change image
brightness and contrast.
Setting the scope
✧ Select a complete series if you want to window all images of a series.
✧ Deactivate Windowing On Succeeding
On, if you want to window only a single
image.
✧ Select individual images explicitly to window a special selection of images.
✧ Select Image > Windowing On Succeeding On, if you want to window all images
up to the end of the series.
103
Viewer task card
The changed window values are displayed
immediately in the image that your are currently windowing. As soon as you release the
mouse button, the new window values are
applied to all images of the same selection.
You can use the keys of the symbol keypad for
fine adjustment:
Changing the contrast
Changing the brightness
104
Viewer task card
Automatic windowing
✧ Click Auto Windowing on the Image subtask card.
Or
✧ Double-click with the center mouse
button.
The selected images are assigned
automatic window values.
Windowing using the mouse
✧ Click an image and drag the
mouse up/down holding the center
mouse button pressed to change
the brightness.
✧ Move the mouse right/left to
change the contrast.
Restoring window values
✧ Select Home Window to undo
your changes.
✧ Select Save Window Values to
save the images with the changed
window values.
Saving window values
105
Viewer task card
It is not possible to zoom continuously in the
Zoom Image window. The factor entered is
always applied to the original image.
When you zoom with the mouse, the new
zoom factor will be applied to all selected
images.
106
Viewer task card
Zooming and panning images
Zooming with buttons
✧ Click this button on the Image subtask
card to reduce the zoom factor by 0.5.
✧ Click this button to enlarge the selected
images by a factor of 2.0.
✧ Click this button and enter a zoom factor in
the Zoom Image dialog box to enlarge or
reduce the selected images by an individually set zoom factor.
Zooming with the mouse
✧ Activate the Zoom & Pan mouse mode.
✧ Position the mouse pointer in the outer
area of the image.
✧ Drag the mouse pointer up holding the left
mouse button pressed to enlarge the
image.
✧ Deactivate the Zoom & Pan mouse mode.
✧ Drag the mouse pointer down holding the
left mouse button pressed to reduce the
image.
107
Viewer task card
Home Zoom/Pan restores the zoom factor
and image position to the values last stored in
the database.
Panning with the mouse is applied to all
selected images.
108
Viewer task card
Restoring the zoom factor and image position
Or
✧ Select Home Zoom/Pan.
Fitting the image size to a segment
Or
✧ Select Fit to segment.
Panning images
✧ Activate the Zoom & Pan mouse mode.
✧ Drag the mouse up, down, right, or left
holding the left mouse button down to pan
the image as required.
✧ Deactivate the Zoom & Pan mouse mode.
✧ Position the mouse pointer in the inner part
of the image.
109
Viewer task card
As soon as you rotate or mirror an image, the
comments and graphic elements entered by
you are deleted.
The orientation labels are adjusted according
to the rotation or mirroring.
Enter a negative value to rotate the selected
images counterclockwise.
110
Viewer task card
Rotating and flipping images
Rotating images
✧ Select Image > Rotate 90 to rotate the
selected images 90° clockwise.
Or
✧ Select Image > Rotate and enter an individual angle of rotation in the Rotate
Image dialog box.
Flipping images
✧ Select Image > Flip Horizontally to flip
the selected images horizontally.
✧ Select Image > Flip Vertically to flip the
selected images vertically.
Inverting images
✧ Select Image > Invert Gray Scale to invert
the grayscale assignment in the selected
images.
✧ Select Image > Invert Gray Scale again to
restore the original grayscale assignment.
111
Viewer task card
You can process a Random Line like a freehand ROI.
→ Page 115, Drawing ROIs
112
Pull both lines either toward the intersection
(1) or away from the intersection (2). If you do
not follow this procedure, the supplementary
angle (B) (180°) instead of the intended angle
(A) will be calculated (3).
A
A
A
B
(1)
(2)
(3)
Viewer task card
Image evaluation
WARNING
For optimum results, use quantative
analysis on distortion-corrected images
only.
This is especially important for evaluations at the edge of the image and for
large FoVs.
Measuring distances
✧ Click this button on the Tools subtask
card.
✧ If you want to determine the distance
between two points, drag a line between
the two points, holding the left mouse button down.
Measuring angles
✧ Drag a line holding the left mouse button
down. This line represents the first leg of
the angle.
✧ Draw another line for the second leg. The
size of the angle is displayed in the image.
✧ Click this button on the Tools subtask card
to activate the Angle mode.
113
Viewer task card
ROIs (Regions Of Interest) are used to mark
abnormalities in the images and to provide
statistical evaluations of the grayscale values
within these regions. ROIs can be drawn as
circular, rectangular, or freehand regions.
You can also draw the freehand ROI point-bypoint by clicking the mouse at each change of
direction (polygon definition).
114
Viewer task card
Drawing ROIs
✧ Click this button to draw a circular ROI.
Or
✧ Select Tools > Rectangle to draw a rectangular ROI.
✧ Click the image and draw a circle or a rectangle holding the left mouse button
pressed.
✧ Release the mouse button as soon as the
ROI has the desired size.
Or
✧ Click this button to draw a freehand ROI.
✧ Click the image, hold the left mouse button
pressed, and drag the mouse around the
region of interest.
✧ Double-click the end point.
The results of ROI evaluation are displayed in
the image.
Evaluated grayscale range
Highest and lowest grayscale value
Mean value and standard deviation
Number of pixels in the ROI
Area of the ROI in cm2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
115
Viewer task card
You can write up to 30 characters per line.
After that, line breaks are inserted automatically. You can also force a line break by pressing Shift + Return.
116
Viewer task card
Annotating images
✧ Click this button on the Tools subtask
card.
✧ Click the position in the image where you
want to insert the text.
✧ Enter the desired text in the text field displayed, then press the Enter key.
Deleting graphic and text elements
✧ Select the graphic or text element.
Or
✧ Select Edit > Select all Graphics.
✧ Select Edit > Delete Graphics or
press the Del key.
117
Viewer task card
You can use the pixel lens to display the average value of grayscales of a small area of 5 x
5 pixels as well as the patient coordinates.
118
When images are saved, the pixel lens markers in the images are saved as superimposed
graphics.
Viewer task card
Determining grayscale values of
pixels (pixel lens)
Inserting the pixel lens marker at a fixed position
✧ Click this button of the Tools subtask card
✧ Place the mouse pointer on a pixel in the
image whose grayscale value you want to
find out.
The gray scale value is displayed in the first
line. The second line shows patient coordinates.
✧ Press the left mouse button if you
want to have the pixel and gray
scale value permanently displayed
in the image.
Selecting or moving the pixel lens marker
✧ Position the cursor at the marker until the
crossing arrows are enlarged.
Deleting the pixel lens marker
✧ Click on the marking and press the Del key
if you want to delete the marking.
✧ Move the marker in the second
image until the patient coordinates
are the same as shown in the first
image.
119
Viewer task card
The program is based on reference images
that you used for graphic slice positioning
before acquiring the series.
You can also use any image or series of the
patient for a position overview.
120
Viewer task card
Hiding an area of the image
✧ Select Tools > Shutter.
✧ Hold the left mouse button pressed and
draw a rectangle.
The area outside the rectangle is blanked out.
Position display
The position display allows you to have the
measured images calculated and displayed
as cut lines in the reference images.
Displaying the Position of a Whole Series
✧ Click an image of a series that you want to
have displayed in the position display.
✧ Click the Position Display Series button
on the Patient subtask card.
Reference images with cut lines are displayed
as an independent series in the image area.
121
Viewer task card
The data images and the reference images
have to meet the following conditions for calculating the position lines:
❏ Same series block
❏ Same table position
❏ The images are part of the current examination of the current patient
122
Viewer task card
Displaying the position of selected images
✧ Explicitly select the images that you want
to display in the position display.
✧ Click the Position Display Selection button on the Patient subtask card.
Displaying the position of two or more series
✧ Transfer the series that you want to display
as well as the reference series to the
Viewer task card.
✧ First select the image of the series that you
want displayed in the position display.
✧ Then click on the image or images that you
want to use as a reference.
✧ Click the Position Display Series button
on the Patient subtask card.
Changing the display of the current position
display series
✧ Select Evaluation > Position Display >
Settings.
✧ Put the input focus on an image of the PosDisp series again.
✧ Calculate the position display again.
The Position Display dialog box allows you
to set the number and annotation of the cut
lines displayed.
123
Viewer task card
Use filter strengths of group 1-10 for images of
matrix size 256, filter strenghts of group 11-20
for matrix size 512.
High filter settings amplify the signal and
enhance structures. Low filter settings suppress noise and smoothen structures.
124
Viewer task card
Filtering Images
You can postprocess fuzzy images or images
showing much noise using the ContextVision filter.
✧ Select theimages/series in the Patient
Browser or Viewer task card.
✧ Select Evaluation > Dynamic Analysis >
ContextVision Filter.
Or
✧ Click the button on the Evaluation subtask
card.
✧ Select an option (Smooth, Medium,
Sharp) and start postprocessing with OK.
Or
✧ Select an option (Smooth, Medium,
Sharp) and assign a new filter strength to
it.
✧ Click the Adopt button and start postprocessing with OK.
You can follow the progress of filtering in the
Calculation Status dialog box.
After calculation, the filtered images are displayed on the Viewer task card.
✧ For this purpose, click this icon on the status bar.
125
Viewer task card
(1) Image with distortion artifacts
(2) Image after distortion correction
The images have to meet the following prerequisites for distortion correction:
126
❏ The images have been acquired with
syngo MR
❏ The images have not been distortion-corrected before
Viewer task card
Distortion correction
Geometric distortions (barrel-shapes/pin
cushion) may occur at the edge of images
with a large FoV. These image errors can be
eliminated using the distortion correction
postprocessing function.
Correcting distortion artifacts prior to the
measurement
Before scanning switch on the FoV compensation filter.
✧ Click the Resolution parameter card into
foreground.
✧ Click the iPAT subtask card.
✧ Click the field to the right of the Large FoV
entry.
A selection list is displayed.
✧ Select On in the list.
The images resulting from this measurement
are distortion-corrected.
Correcting distortion artifacts after the measurement
✧ Select the images or series in the Patient
Browser.
✧ Select Evaluation > Distortion Correction from the Patient List.
A subsequent distortion correction generates
a new series. The uncorrected original
images are retained and can be used for slice
positioning additional scans.
✧ Select Patient > Browser.
127
Viewer task card
You can save your processed images in one of
two ways:
❏ You can save the images in a new series.
❏ You can append the images to an existing
series.
128
Viewer task card
Saving images
Saving all changes
✧ Select the images or series that you want
to save.
✧ Select Patient > Save As.
✧ Click the Save images in new series
option in the Save As dialog box.
✧ Enter the new series description in the text
input field and confirm with OK.
Or
✧ Click the Append images to series
option.
✧ Select the series in the selection list using
the serial number and serial description
and confirm with OK.
Saving window values only
✧ Select Saving window values of
the subtask card Report
The selected images are saved with the new
window values.
129
Saving and Sending
MODs may be used for data import only.
Single or multi-session mode:
CDs can be written in one operation (single
session) or in two or more operations (multisession).
The name may consist only of letters, numbers or underscores. It cannot be shorter than
three characters or longer than eleven characters.
You can reimport the data into your local database at any time using the CD-ROM drive.
130
The Local Job Status window shows you the
save jobs in the queue. You can stop, restart,
or delete them there.
Saving and Sending
Storing data on CD
Your system is equipped with a CD recorder.
Preselecting data for saving
To make the best possible use of the storage
capacity of a CD, first accumulate a sufficiently large volume of data and then save it
in to the CD.
✧ Select the data either in the Patient Browser or on the Viewer or 3D task card.
✧ Select Transfer > Export to CD-R or click
this button in the Patient Browser.
The first time you preselect data for a new CD,
the Enter label dialog box will open.
✧ Assign a unique name to the CD.
Writing data to CD
You can save all the data preselected so far
on CD at any time. Or you can wait until the
system informs you that you have accumulated enough data to fill a CD.
✧ Insert a CD into the CD recorder.
✧ Select Transfer > Record to CD-R.
✧ Select Transfer > Local Job Status or
click the icon on the status bar.
Managing archiving jobs
131
Saving and Sending
During installation, Siemens Service sets up
various network connections (e.g. Node 1 and
Node 2) as standard addresses in the network.
Multiple selection enables you to send data to
more than one user simultaneously.
You can reimport the data from the network
address into your local database at any time.
The Network Job Status window informs you
about the network jobs. You can stop, restart,
or delete them there.
132
Saving and Sending
Sending and receiving data via
network
✧ Select the data either in the Patient Browser or on the Viewer or 3D task card.
✧ Press the Send To Node1 key on the symbol keypad or one of the two buttons in the
Patient Browser to send the data to the
preconfigured standard address Node 1
or Node 2.
Or
✧ Select Transfer > Send To or click this button.
✧ Select the network address in the Send To
window.
Managing network jobs
✧ Select Transfer > Network Job Status or
click the icon on the status bar.
133
Saving and Sending
134
Saving and Sending
Automatic data transfer
✧ Select Options > Configuration on the
Viewer or 3D card.
✧ Double-click this icon on the configuration
panel.
✧ Select the Transfer Configuration window and go to the Auto Transfer card and
click it into foreground.
✧ You can define the rules at series level and
activate automatic archiving here.
➭ Postprocessed images must be assigned
the "completed" status manually. Only then
are the existing rules for automatic data
transfer activated.
135
Filming
The segment of a selected image is marked by
a blue dashed-line border (single selection) or
by a blue continuous-line border (multiple
selection with the Ctrl key).
→ Page 97, Selecting images
Prior to exposing the film, you can view the
images/film sheets, edit them to some extent,
change the selection, or define the film sheet
layout.
136
Filming
Filming or printing is handled in two steps:
→ Page 136, Filming
❏ Transfer the selected images to the virtual
film sheet.
❏ Start exposing or printing.
Transferring images to the virtual
film sheet
✧ Select the images in the Patient Browser
or on a task card (Viewer, 3D ...).
✧ Select Patient > Copy to Film Sheet or
press this key on the symbol keypad.
✧ Go to the Filming task card.
The selected images are arranged on the virtual film sheets.
Selecting images and film sheets
Selecting images
✧ Click the image.
✧ Select Select On Succeeding to
extend the selection up to the end
of the series.
✧ Select Select Series to select the
entire series.
✧ Hold the Shift key pressed, click
the first and last image of a sequence of
images to select all images located in
between the first and last image.
✧ Hold the Ctrl key down and click all images
you want to select.
137
Filming
The folder icon of a selected film job
is highlighted in color. All images of
this job will be displayed with a blue
continuous-line border.
The layout of the film sheet also allows you to
define the number and size of the segments
on a film sheet.
138
Filming
Selecting film sheets
✧ Click the border of the film sheet to select
all images on the sheet.
Or
✧ Hold the Ctrl key down and click the border
of the first film sheet of your choice.
✧ Page to another film sheet using the dog
ears.
✧ Extend your selection by a single film
sheet (with the Ctrl key pressed), or by all
film sheets located between the two film
sheets (with the Shift key pressed).
Selecting an entire film job
✧ Click the opened film job to select all film
sheets with all images of this job.
Editing film jobs
Changing the layout of film sheets
✧ Explicitly select images, a film sheet or an
entire film job.
✧ Click the button that sets the appropriate
division for the film sheet.
Or
✧ Select Properties
✧ Go to the dialog box and select a
film division from Range in the selection
list for Film Properties.
✧ Go to the Layout subtask card and click it
into foreground.
139
Filming
You can also change the size of the selected
images using the buttons on the Image subtask card:
✧ Click the Fit to Segment button to
display the images as large as
possible in the segment.
✧ Click the Original Image button to
display the images in their original
size in the segment.
✧ Click the Clip document button to
fully display the shorter side of the
images in the segment.
You can also drag and drop images within a
film sheet. In this case Zoom/Pan cannot be
activated.
140
Use drag and drop to add images to a film job
from the Patient Browser. The images are
inserted into the film job in front of the
selected segment. The film job is called a multiple job if it contains images of two or more
patients.
Filming
Windowing images
✧ Select the images.
✧ Click this icon button to assign predefined
window values to the images.
✧ Use the mouse or the symbol keypad for
fine adjustment.
→ Page 103, Windowing images
Zooming and panning images
✧ Click the Zoom/Pan button.
✧ Change the image size of the selected
images (zoom) and the image position in
the segment (pan).
→ Page 107, Zooming and panning
images
Copying and moving images or film sheets
✧ Select the images or film sheets.
Or
✧ Select Cut.
✧ Now select the image in front of
which you want to insert your selection.
✧ Select Paste.
✧ Select Copy.
141
Filming
You can set the text information for the Customized text option in the Film Properties dialog box.
✧ Select Properties.
142
You can delete images by selecting Clear
Document(s). In that case, the segments of
the deleted images will remain empty. Use
Film > Repack afterward to reorganize the
film sheet or the entire film job (gaps will be
filled again).
Filming
Showing and hiding graphic elements and
text
✧ Go to the Image subtask card.
✧ Click the All Text button to have the entire
image text filmed together with the images.
✧ Click the Customized Text button to have
a part of the image text filmed together
with the images.
✧ Click the No Text button to hide all text
information.
✧ Click the Show Graphics button to display
graphics.
✧ Click the Hide Graphics button to hide
graphics.
Displaying reference images
✧ Open the Film Properties dialog box
(Filming > Properties).
✧ Activate the Reference Image option.
✧ Select the position (Top right or Bottom
right) of the reference image.
✧ Select the images or film sheets.
✧ Select Delete.
Or
✧ Click this button. Empty segments on the
film sheet are automatically filled.
Deleting images or film sheets
143
Filming
The newly selected camera is used as the
default camera. It is used until you select
another one.
The Film Job Status dialog box informs you
about the status of film jobs that are waiting to
run in the camera and printer queue.
✧ Click this button if you want to
open the Film Job Status dialog
box.
144
Filming
Selecting another camera
✧ Go to the Camera subtask card.
✧ Select a camera from the list.
This selection list contains all the cameras
connected to your system.
Exposing on film
Exposing a film sheet
✧ Select the film sheets.
✧ Select Film > Expose Film Sheet.
Exposing a film job
✧ Click the Expose Film Job button.
The currently opened film job is exposed.
Or
✧ Select a job in the Select Film Job dialog
box and click Expose.
✧ Select Patient > Expose Film Job if you
want to expose one of the film jobs in the
queue.
145
3D
You are also able to first move the 3D card into
foreground and subsequently load the series
from the patient browser into the 3D card.
A list will be displayed, if you load two or more
series or unsuitable images into the 3D task
card. This list also allows you to select the
series that you want to evaluate first.
You can "move" through the volume as follows:
❏ Moving and rotating reference
lines (crosshair)
146
❏ Scrolling with dog ears
❏ Rotating the cut plane with the
mouse
❏ Set standard views on the subtask card Align
3D
Evaluation with MPR
Multiplanar
reconstruction
generates
images/series with any orientation from a 3D
data set (or a series of suitable 2D images).
This section describes a typical MPR evaluation using the data of the t1_mpr_ns_sag
series.
→ Page 23, Examination of the head
Loading images for MPR evaluation
✧ Select the t1_mpr_ns_sag series in the
Patient Browser or Viewer task card.
✧ Click the 3D MPR button.
The task card 3D is moved into foreground.
You can now see a sagittal, a coronal, as well
as a transverse cut line in the 3 image segments through the 3D data set loaded.
Setting the reconstruction plane
The colored lines of the crosshair (reference
lines) indicate the position of the respective
cut planes that are shown in the reference
segments. The arrows indicate the viewing
direction.
You will now "move" through the volume data
set to find an appropriate plane for MPR
reconstruction.
147
3D
Orientation aids in the image:
❏ Description of orientation (transverse cut
tilted through 43° in the coronal plane)
❏ Orientation cube indicates the position of
the slice displayed with reference to the
patient coordinate system.
❏ Orientation labels displayed on the top and
left edges of the image
Dashed reference lines symbolize cut planes
that are not perpendicular to the displayed
view.
You can return to the standard view
with this button or by selecting
Orientation > Reset.
You can align the cut planes perpendicularly in the reference segments
with Orientation > Ortho Sync or
this button.
148
3D
You can set a reconstruction plane using the
crosshair as follows:
✧ Activate the Orientation control.
✧ Click a reference line and drag it to
its new position while holding the
left mouse button down.
Or
✧ Click the center of the crosshair
and move both reference lines at
the same time.
The new slice plane or the new position of the
crosshair is displayed in the other two segments.
You can set an oblique tra-cor plane by rotating the crosshair:
✧ Select Free Mode.
✧ Click the transverse reference line
(blue) in the sagittal image (red)
and, while holding the left mouse
button down, tilt it toward the Head.
The new tra-cor plane is displayed in the blue
segment. In the green segment it is indicated
by a blue dashed line.
✧ Deselect Free Mode again.
149
3D
You can recognize the reference segment by
its thick colored border.
You can recognize the selected reference line
by the "grab handles".
Move the Parallel Ranges window so that it is
not above the reference or output segment.
Use this button to create series
whose cut planes run horizontal/vertical in the center of the reference
image.
Use this button to reverse the image
numbering of the series.
This button allows you to change the
distance of the slices to one another.
The angle between the slices
remains the same.
150
You can edit a new MPR Series and,
if necessary, expand it with Ranges
Expand.
The MPR method also allows you to
generate radial and curved slices.
3D
Generating a series of parallel images
✧ Select an image segment as the
reference segment.
✧ Select a line in the reference segment to define the position of the
slices.
✧ Click Parallel Series on the Settings subtask card.
The Parallel Series dialog box opens. The
intended slices are displayed in yellow in the
reference segment. The center slice (thick
yellow border) is dispIayed in the output segment.
You set the range of parallel series in the reference segment.
✧ Move the yellow start and end line to the
required position.
✧ Enter the number of parallel images in the
Parallel Series dialog box and change the
image thickness, if necessary.
✧ Click the Start button.
Calculation of the new series starts. Each
image is displayed in the output segment as
soon as it has been calculated.
151
3D
The program is in the drawing mode, the cursor changes shape.
152
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Start line (identified as number 1)
Reference line
End line
Arrows in the direction of view
Distance and thickness
3D
Generating curved cuts
✧ Select the segment that contains your reference image
✧ Click Curved cuts on the Modi subtask
card.
✧ Draw the cut line by clicking the
individual points with the left
mouse button.
✧ End the line with a double-click.
Select the curved series
✧ Click the Curved Series on the Prepare
subtask card.
✧ Draw a reference line by doubleclicking the left mouse button and
keeping it pressed.
The positioning of the parallel slices to be
computed is graphically displayed in the reference segment. The output segment shows
the slice of the selected reference line.
153
3D
(1) Voxel in the MIP image
(2) Most intensive voxel in the volume data set
154
3D
Evaluation with MIP
When you use the Maximum Intensity
Projection, the voxels are projected onto an
area with maximum intensity in a selected
viewing direction.
In the following you will find a description of a
typical MIP evaluation using the data of the
tof_fi3d_tra series.
→ Page 35
Loading images for MIP evaluation
✧ Select the tof_fi3d_tra series in the Patient Browser or on the Viewer task card.
✧ Select Patient > 3D MIP.
The task card 3D is moved into foreground.
You can now see a sagittal, a coronal, as well
as a transverse cut line in the 3 image segments through the 3D data set loaded.
Positioning and defining a VOI
You can limit a 3D data set to a partial volume
by drawing a Volume Of Interest.
✧ Select VOI Control Volume on the Settings subtask card.
✧ Activate the Orientation control.
155
3D
You will find all the buttons you require for VOI
processing in the VOI Punch Mode dialog
box.
156
3D
You can now see MIP cuts in the image segments. The predefined cuboid VOI is displayed as a violet border in the bottom right
segment (output segment).
✧ Click the top right image segment and
select the standard orientation Feet to
Head on the Orientation subtask card
If necessary adapt size and position of the
cuboid VOI:
✧ Click the edge of the VOI in the output segment and drag it to its new position.
✧ Click the grab handle of the VOI in the output segment and change the size keeping
the mouse button pressed.
Drawing a freehand line
Draw a freehand VOI around the vessels that
you want to display.
✧ Select VOI Punch Mode on the Settings
subtask card.
The VOI Punch Mode dialog box is displayed.
✧ Click the starting point of the freehand VOI
in the top right segment and, holding the
left mouse button down, draw a contour
around the vessels.
✧ Complete the freehand VOI with a doubleclick.
✧ Click Draw Contour in the VOI Punch
Mode window.
157
3D
You can cut out the freehand VOI, if
you want to evaluate the regions outside it.
You can use these icon buttons to
undo your last step or to return to the
predefined VOI.
You can delete a freehand VOI by
selecting it and then pressing the Del
key.
The Image subtask card shows you the icon
buttons for windowing, zooming/reducing,
and panning image contents.
The Full Screen button on the
Image subtask card is used to
enlarge any one of the reference
segments. Instead of four segments,
you will then see the selected segment only.
158
Move the Radial Series window so that it is
not in front of the reference or output segment.
You can change the distance and the orientation of the radial series that you want to reconstruct using the mouse.
3D
Punching a freehand VOI
✧ Click the Include button in the VOI Punch
Mode window.
The areas outside the freehand VOI are
removed.
You can now rotate the VOI to get the best
view of the object of your diagnosis.
→ Page 123, Displaying the position of selected images
Creating series of radial MIP images
✧ Select the transverse view as the reference segment.
✧ Click on Radial Series on the Settings
subtask card.
The Radial Series dialog box opens. The
intended slices are displayed in yellow in the
reference segment. The center slice (thick
yellow border) is dispIayed in the output segment.
Calculation of the new series starts. Each
image is displayed in the output segment as
soon as it has been calculated.
159
3D
The system offers default file names for many
functions. In this manner, you can save frequently used data sets under certain names
and use them with ease at a later time.
You can automatically store newly generated
series after reconstruction.
✧ Select Options > Configure 3D.
✧ Go to the Series card and click it into foreground.
160
✧ Activate the Store Images On option
3D
Save data sets using the default names.
✧ Click on the Connect defaults to have a
suitable proposal entered for the series.
The generated name is listed in the input
field.
✧ Shorten the patient-specific parts of the
name proposed, i.e. appended numbers.
✧ Click the button to save the parameter set.
The generated name is saved automatically.
From now on, similar series, e.g. that show
the same series description, are automatically linked to the predefined name.
Saving and viewing 3D images
You can save the images under the patient’s
name in the loaded series.
✧ Click the output segment and select an
image, several images, or an entire series.
✧ Select Patient > Save.
Or
161
3D
162
You are also able to select images of the
reference segment and send them to the
film sheet.
3D
You can save reconstructed images in a new
series as follows:
The Save As dialog box is displayed.
✧ Click the Save images in new series
option, enter a new series name and confirm your entry with OK.
The 3D images are saved together with the
reference image.
You can transfer the images to the Viewer
and save them as a new series as follows:
The 3D images are shown in the Viewer.
However, the reference image is not saved
with the images.
Filming 3D images
Images or series you would like to document
can be sent to a camera for filming or to a
printer for printing.
✧ Select Patient > Copy to Film Sheet.
✧ Click the Copy to Film Sheet button in the
control area.
Or
✧ Press the Copy to film sheet-key on your
keyboard.
Or
163
Troubleshooting
Examples of icons on the status bar:
MR scanner ready/not ready
Image reconstruction system ready/not ready
ContextVision filtering in progress
CD burning ok/not ok
Archiving ok/not ok
Filming ok/not ok
Normal operating mode
Operation mode First Level
Operating mode Stimulation possible
The actions executed by the program are
automatically logged. You can query a list of
the last entries in the action protocol at any
time.
164
✧ Click the task bar with the left mouse button
to list the last commands and program
actions.
Troubleshooting
Status bar
The status bar at the bottom edge of the window contains information about current
scans, reconstructions, and transfers. Messages and icons on the status bar point out
errors.
It is divided into three columns:
❏ The first column displays examinationspecific information.
❏ The second column displays warnings and
messages.
❏ If functions are running in background you
will see the application as an icon in the
third column.
If an error occurs during scanning, calculation, or transfer, the relevant icon is displayed
with a red line.
✧ Double-click this icon.
A dialog box containing information about the
incorrect operation and advice on troubleshooting is displayed.
165
Troubleshooting
Detailed information about the System Manager is provided in Chapter C.1 of the syngo
MR Operator Manual.
166
Troubleshooting
System Manager
The System Manager dialog box is used to
monitor, start, and stop the components of
the measurement system.
If syngo MR no longer responds, terminate
syngo MR and start it again.
✧ Select System > Control and go to the
Host tab.
✧ Click the Restart syngo MR button.
An error in the operating system or in syngo
MR could mean that you have to shut down
the console and restart it. Both the image processor and the MR scanner are not affected.
✧ Select System > Control and go to the
Host tab.
✧ Click the Reboot button.
syngo MR and Windows NT are shut down
and rebooted.
167
Troubleshooting
Detailed information about adjustments is
provided in Chapter L.2 of the syngo MR
Operator Manual.
168
Troubleshooting
Automatic adjustment failed
Automatic protocol adjustments are performed just before running a protocol.
If these adjustments fail, the protocol is canceled and marked with a lightning icon in the
job list.
To run this protocol, you have to perform manual adjustment.
✧ Open the "canceled" protocol.
✧ Select Options > Adjustments.
✧ Go to the Transmitter card of the adjustment dialog box and click it in foreground.
Successful transmitter adjustment is reported
by the entry Y in the last column of the table
and by the message Adjustment finished on
the status bar.
➭ If the entry N is displayed in the last column of the table, you have to repeat the
last step until adjustment succeeds.
169
Troubleshooting
170
Troubleshooting
✧ Now go to the Frequency card and click it
into foreground.
Successful frequency adjustment is reported
by the entry Y in the last column of the table
and by the message Adjustment finished on
the status bar.
➭ If the entry N is displayed in the last column of the table, you have to repeat the
last step until adjustment succeeds.
✧ Close the adjustment dialog box.
✧ Start the protocol by clicking on Apply in
the program control.
171
Troubleshooting
172
Only service personnel are authorized to put
the magnet back into operation.
Troubleshooting
In case of emergency
Emergency shut-down switch
CAUTION
Use the Emergency shut-down switch
only in case of hazardous conditions for
persons or systems in the event of fire or
electrical accidents.
✧ Press the EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN
button next to the entrance/exit door.
The electrical system is shut down immediately. The magnet remains switched on.
Magnet Stop button
The magnet stop function is used to reduce
the field strength of the magnet as quickly as
possible to a low value. During this process,
magnetic field energy is converted to thermal
energy. As a result, helium evaporates rapidly
and escapes through an exhaust vent.
✧ Press the Magnet Stop button on the alarm
box.
The magnetic field is deenergized to 20 mT in
less than 20 seconds.
CAUTION
Only operate the Magnet Stop button if
personnel or the equipment is in danger,
in case of fire, and in case of accidents
with electrical power.
173
174
Sequence
Description
ciss
Constructive Interference Steady State
dess
Dual Echo Steady State
ep
Echo Planar Imaging
fid
Free Induction Decay
fl
FLASH (fast flow angle shot)
gre
Gradient echo sequence
haste
Half Fourier Single Shot Turbo Spin Echo
medic
Multi Echo Data Image Combination
pd
Proton Density Weighting
psif
Time inverted FISP sequence (FISP = fast
imaging with steady state precession)
se
Spin Echo Sequence
svs
Single Voxel Spectroscopy
tfl
TurboFLASH
tgse
Turbo Gradient Spin Echo
trufi
TrueFISP (FISP = fast imaging with steady
state precession)
tse
Turbo Spin Echo
t1
T1-weighting
t2
T2-weighting
Sequence
Description
_bold
Sequence for BOLD imaging (BOLD =
Blood Oxygen Level Dependency)
_cb
For determining the contrast bolus
_ce
For contrast-enhanced angiography
_cine
Cine sequence with constant RF for cardiac
imaging
_diff
Sequence for Diffusion Contrast
_fid
Free Inducation Decay, e.g., ep_fid:
Gradient echo variant of the EPI sequence
_fq
Flow quantification
_mc
Multi-contrast sequence
Sequence
Description
_mpr
Magnetization prepared rapid gradient
echo: Special tfl-technique for 3D-imaging
_msma
Multi Slice Multi Angle
_ns
Non-selective excitation
_pc
Phase contrast angiography
_peri_tof
Time-of-flight sequence, optimized for
peripheral angiography
_r
With flow compensation
_rd
Rephased-dephased angiography
sequence
_rt
Sequence for interactive realtime imaging
_se
Spin echo sequence, i.e. ep_se:
Gradient echo variant of EPI sequence
_sheco
Shared echo sequence (double contrast
TSE)
_shphs
Shared phases sequence (Cardiac Cine)
_st
Steam (Stimulated echo sequence)
_tirm
Turbo inversion recovery sequence (turbo
inversion recovery magnitude)
_tof
Time-of-flight (single current angiography)
_vibe
Volume-interpolated breathhold examination
_vfl
Variable flip angle
Sequence
Description
..b..
Bandwidth per pixel; followed by the value in
Hertz; e.g., se_15b130
..r..
With flow compensation, see also _r
..2d
2D imaging
..3d
3D imaging
.._15..
Echo time, e.g., 15 ms
175
Notes
176
Notes
177
Siemens reserves the right to modify the
design and specifications contained herein
without prior notice.
Please contact your local Siemens Sales Representative for the most up-to-date information.
NOTICE
Original images always lose a certain amount
of detail when reproduced.
 2004 Siemens AG
All rights reserved
Siemens AG
Wittelsbacherplatz 2
80333 München
Germany
Contact Information:
Siemens AG, Medical Solutions
Magnetic Resonance
Henkestraße 127
91052 Erlangen
Germany
Telephone: +49 9131 84-0
www.SiemensMedical.com
[email protected]
Print No.: M1-015.622.06.01.02
Printed in Germany
AG 03.04

syngo MR - Quick Guide

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