The Kajmak GI system, by Marguerite Paus and Magali - siner-gi

The Kajmak GI system, by Marguerite Paus and Magali - siner-gi

Kraljevački Kajmak
(Kajmak of Kraljevo)
Marguerite Paus and Magali Estève
(AGRIDEA)
FAO & SINER-GI Meeting
31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Kajmak
Dairy product made by the fat
layer, created when the milk is
boiled and then cooled down.
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Geographical limits
Vojvodina
Belgrade
Traditional
area of
kajmak
production
Low and hilly lands, large volumes
of production (young kajmak)
Kragujevac
Cacak
Central
Serbia
Kraljevo
Kraljevo
Municipality
Kosovo
SERBIA
Mountainous areas, small volumes
of production (old kajmak)
Basemap : www.wikipedia.org
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
supply chain and market structures
2006
Milk production
Kajmak production
Around 600 small producers = 10 kg per week
200 t
3.5 euros /kg
100 t
5.5 euros/kg
Direct sales
or small
trade in the
region
ZlatiborK
100 t
7.6 euros/kg
Kuc
30 t
3.8 euros/kg
Trade
Stubal
Green markets, restaurants
Export
= 65 t
5.5 euros /kg
Supermarkets,
wholesalers
Green markets, specialized shops, restaurants
Paus and Réviron, 2007
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Protection schemes
• Kraljevacki kajmak is not protected, nevertheless there is
an initiative led by a local NGO working on the protection
of the Kraljevacki kajmak as a protected designation of
origin (PDO);
• The Intellectual Property Office is in charge of
Geographical Indications issues;
• The scope of application of the provisions on appellations
of origin of the Law concerns all goods;
• During the examination of requirements for the
registration, the IPO asks for the opinion of the competent
authority (Ministry of agriculture);
• There is no opposition procedure before the final
registration;
• There is no certification body for PDO / PGI in Serbia.
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Perspectives and Trends
Impact on Rural Development
Stakeholders and motivations
Universities
Intellectual
Property Office
SEEDEV
Ministry of
Agriculture
Kraljevo region
Regional NGO
IDA
Vet Institute
Vet Station
Kraljevacki Kajmak system
Producers of
milk
Producers of kajmak
(dairies)
Producers of
kajmak (household
production)
Cooperative
Stubal (packaging
and marketing)
Sanitary
inspection
AGRIDEA,
IED
(Switzerland)
traders
Facilitator
Information
meetings
communication
Municipality of
Kraljevo
Serbian markets: Belgrade,
Novi Sad, Zlatibor, ...
Foreign markets: Montenegro,
Croatia, FRY Macedonia,
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Bosnia and Herzegovina
retailers (Delta,
Green markets
Mercator)
House consumption and restaurants
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Household production
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Dairy production
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Impacts of the GI system on sustainability
Economic effects
Type of kajmak
Serbian industrial
„cheese spread“
Prices
Price of the milk
(producers)
Euros/ Kg milk
0.19 - 0.31
f(lowlands,
mountain; fat %)
Price of the kajmak
(producers)
Euros/ Kg kajmak
---
Price of the kajmak
(consumers)
Euros/ Kg kajmak
2.5
–
3.9
Main channels
Shops, retailers
Kraljevacki kajmak
Other artisan kajmaks (Lijg,
Zlatibor)
Household
kajmak
Dairy
production
Household
kajmak
Dairy
production
0.23 0.40
0.23 0.25
0.23 - 0.5
0.19-0.25
2.8 – 5.0
4 - 4.4
2.8 – 6.3
3.8 - ?
4.1 - 8
5-6
5.3 – 7.5
? - 7.3
Green
markets,
restaurants
Shops,
retailers
Green
markets,
restaurants
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Shops,
retailers,
restaurants
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Impacts of the Protection scheme on
sustainability / Economic effects
Expectations
3.0
2.0
Present situation
1.0
To u
rism
Mar
gin
dev al area
elop
s
m en '
t
Ac c
ess
to m
ark
et
d
d de
-1.0
Val
ue a
Pro
ces
sing
/
mar retailin
gin
al a g in
rea
s
Pre
miu
m to
pro
duc
ers
0.0
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Perspectives and Trends
Impact on Rural Development
Impacts of the Protection scheme on
sustainability / Environmental effects
3.0
2.0
Expectations
1.0
0.0
diffic
ult
areas
Awar
eness
ecolo
of
gical
issue
s
-3.0
ing o
f
-2.0
Farm
-1.0
Trans
port
Pest
mana
geme
n
(per h t
a)
Prese
dome rvation o
f
stic s
pecie
s
Biodi
versit
y of w
ildlife
Present situation
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Impacts of the Protection scheme on
sustainability / Social effects
3.0
2.0
Expectations
1.0
0.0
alth
y
He
So
cia
l
-2.0
Typ
icit
New
y
c
om
Far
pet
me
enc
rs'
soc
es
ial
inte
Cre
gra
atio
tion
no
f ne
wi
Co
nco
nsu
me
me
r tr
ust
in f
ood
-1.0
ide
ntit
y
foo
dp
rod
Lan
uct
dsc
ape
aes
the
tic
Present situation
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
• Gender issue
• Exclusion
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Trends and perspectives: GI system
Competition
Price volatility
Consumer habits :
seasonal demand
Changes in the
market‘ structure
Sanitary and
vet requirements
Market share of
supermarket increase,
green market
decrease
Traceability
GI system :
main trends
Build up of a
collective
organisation
Need of
investments
1- a lot of small kajmak producers will stop
production and deliver milk to bigger processors
2- Emergence of middle size dairies
3- Potential conflicts
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Perspectives and Trends
Impact on Rural Development
GI system
Expected 2009
Milk production
Kajmak production
Around 300 small producers
100 t
5.5 euros/kg
Direct sales
or small
trade in the
Stubal
region
R
E
50 t
30 t 30 t
3.5 euros/kg
M
T
20 t 20 t 20 t
100 t
7.6 euros/kg
wholesalers
Export
= 65 t
supermarkets
Green markets, specialized shops, restaurants
Paus and Réviron, 2007
30 t
3.8 euro/kg
Trade
5.5 euros/kg
Green markets,
restaurants
Kuc
ZlatiborK
M L
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Thank you for your attention !
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
GI protection schemes
(organization and political strategies )
Strategy for
accession to EU :
-legal framework
-hygyenic
requirements
International
proactive
GI Network
Establishement of
a PDO/ PGI law
Controls
GI Institutionnal
issues : main
trends
In project:
-expertise from CH
-local organizations:
testing commissions
„Branding“ trends
Empowerment
of GI network
-Lack of coordination between Intellectual proprety Office
and Ministry of agriculture
-No certification body
-Trainings and „pilot“ products (among them Kajmak)
-Confusion between brands, Trade marks and PDO/PGI
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008
Case presentation
Impact on Rural Development
Perspectives and Trends
Kraljevacki kajmak at a glance
•
•
•
•
Estimated number of farm-producers: 600
Estimated volume marketed: 300 t/ year
High variability in the quality
Definition of „kajmak“ in a Serbian by-law, uniqueness of
the KRALJEVACKI kajmak? (typicity of the process from
Kraljevo? -> Geographical limits are fuzzy)
• Good reputation, but not linked to a particular premium
in comparaison to other artisan kajmaks
• Public support
FAO & SINER-GI meeting / 31 January – 1 February 2008