Staklo

Staklo
Antonija Musovic
Studeni 2013
Sadržaj:
AGC
greške vezane za dimenzije
greške vezane za održavanje i
udobnost
Greške vezane za zakonodavstvo
standard
AGC Glass Europe
AGC Group – a global company
under a single brand
Global annual sales: more than €11bn
54,000 employees
More than 200 companies
Headquarters in Tokyo
Quoted on Tokyo Stock Exchange
Note: 2006 figures
AGC Glass Europe
mistakes
AGC
Greške vezane za dimezije
mistakes regarding maintenance and
confort
mistakes regarding laws and standards
mistakes regarding design
AGC Glass Europe
Greške vezane za dimenzije
maksimalne dimenzije
Težina stakla
Troslojno staklo – primjeniti (ne) primjenii
Optičke deformmacije i refleksija
AGC Glass Europe
Dimenzije
maksimalne dimenzije stakla 321x600 cm
Dostupne debljine (ovisno o vrsti stakla):
3,4,5,6,8,10,12,15,19, 25 mm , najčešće
4,6,8,10 mm
Mogućnost prerade: rezanje, posebni
oblici, brušenje rubova, kaljenje,
laminiranje
AGC Glass Europe
AGC Glass Europe
dimenzije
Maksimalnedimenzije za:
kaljenje, najčešće 240x420 cm
lokalno laminiranje najčešće 200x380 cm
Na zahtjev veća kaljenja stakla mogu biti
isporučena, no trošak može biti značajan.
AGC Glass Europe
težina
Gustoća stakla ρ =2500kg/m3
Npr.
4mm - 1 m2=> 10 kg
10 mm - 1 m2=> 25 kg
IZO 4000x2000mm, kompozicija 10-16-88.2 => 520 kg !!
akvarij 2000x1000x1000 mm, kompozicija 10.10.2
prazan (samo staklo) = 400 kg
Bez vode (without ‘metal structure!)= 2400 kg
AGC Glass Europe
Opterećenja vjetar, snijeg itd.
Kalkulacija mora
uzeti u obzir
lokalne normative
Specificne zahtjeve
AGC može dati
preporuke
primjer
AGC Glass Europe
Double glazing unit
ext
int
UV, light,
short IR
long IR >
2500 nm
AGC Glass Europe
AGC Glass Europe
What about TGU?
n
t
o
n
t
o
AGC Glass Europe
Razmak u IZO jedinici
3,50
4-x-4 air
4-x-4 argon
U (W/m² K)
4-x-4 krypton
3,00
2,50
2,00
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
Width of spacer (mm)
AGC Glass Europe
TGU- troslojna IZO jedinica
Optimalne dimenzije
2000 x 3600 mm
AGC Flat Glass Europe
AGC Glass Europe
Low-E u troslojnoj IZO jedinici
AGC Glass Europe
Troslojno staklo
Ukupna deljina = 44 mm,
moze biti veća ovisno o
dimenzijama, opterecenju, itd. (safety etc)
AGC Glass Europe
Razmak kod troslojne IZO
jedinice
2 Low-E premaza #2, #5
4 Low-E - 9 Ar- 4 - 9 Ar -4 Low-E
4 Low-E - 10 Ar- 4 -10 Ar-4 Low-E
4 Low-E -12 Ar- 4 -12 Ar-4 Low-E
4 Low-E -14 Ar- 4 -14 Ar-4 Low-E
11/26/2013
- Ug 0,9
- Ug 0,8
- Ug 0,7
- Ug 0,6
19
AGC Glass Europe
Coatings with one layer of silver
cover layer
silver
oxides
glass
main parameters for insulating glazing (DGU):
Ug = 1,0 W/m2K selekcivity LT/SF = 1,6
using: insulating glazing for residental segment
AGC Glass Europe
Coatings with two layer of silver
cover layer
silver
oxides
absorber
oxides
silver
oxides
glass
main parameters for insulating glazing (DGU):
Ug = 1,0 W/m2K selectivity LT/SF = 1,85
using: insulating glazing for comercial segment
AGC Glass Europe
Coatings with three layer of silver
cover layer
silver
oxides
absorber
oxides
silver
oxides
absorber
oxides
silver
oxides
glass
main parameters for insulating glazing (DGU):
Ug = 1,0 W/m2K selectivity LT/SF = 2,15
using : insulating glazing for comercial segment
AGC Glass Europe
deformacije
• opticke deformacije
• refleksija
AGC Glass Europe
AGC Glass Europe
AGC Glass Europe
AGC Glass Europe
if possible, outside glass should be thicker than inside glass
AGC Glass Europe
Anisotropy “leopard spots”
not really a mistake, but not so nice
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solar control
heat
AGC Glass Europe
solar radiation
intensity
energy
W/m²n.m
1.5
light
1.0
0.5
wave length
µm
0
0
0.38
0.78 1.0
1.5
2.0
2.50
AGC Glass Europe
solar control
LT = light transmission, SF = Solar Factor
Light
100
80 LT
LR 20
heat
(DET)
(SF) g
(ER)
Energie reradiata ext
(EA)
Energie
reradiata int
AGC Glass Europe
green house effect
1. Energy :
UV, light, shortIR
2. absorption of heat
1
3. radiation of heat
(long IR)
4. glass is
blocking
long IR
3
4
2
green house effect = overheating of interior space
AGC Glass Europe
Što znači solarna kontrola
Solarna kontrola = limitira prolaz topline
kroz staklo kako bi se smanjio efekat
staklenika. SF=20—45%
Različita riješenja, bojena stakla ili stakla
sa nanosom (pirolitički prmaz ili
magnetron) itd..
AGC Glass Europe
Transmision %
100
clear glass
LT
Selectivity=
50
SF
Stopray (selective)
0
280 380
780
2000
wave lenght [nm]
2500
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Važnost solarne kontrole
people are using different types of foils (sometimes from packages!)
in order to stop the heat coming in the house
AGC Glass Europe
money, money, money..
Energy from Sun: 1000 W/ m2 (with normal clouds etc)
Energy which is “touching” vertical window: 750 W.
hypothesis: 100 m2 of windows or façade. Cost 1 kWh= 0.42 RON. HVAC working 30 days* 6 hours a day=
total 180 hours
•SF= 0.64 ( clear glass + lowE) => Heat = 750*0.64= 480 Wh/ m2 of window.
For 100 m2 facade, monthly => heat: 480x100x180= 8640 KWh.
•SF= 0.29 (Sunergy Green 6mm+ lowE) => Heat 750*0.29= 217,5 Wh/ m2 of window.
For 100 m2 facade, monthly => heat: 217,5x100x180= 3915KW.
Electricity COST if SF=0,64=>8640x0,42= 3628 RON= 863 EURO
Electricity COST if SF=0,29=>3915x0,42= 1644 RON = 391 EURO
For only 100 m2 of façade, monthly, there is a difference in cost of 472 Euro!!
In only 3 months of summer, the slightly higher cost of Sunergy Green will be paid back!
The smaller SF, the better , because cost of electricity will be smaller but also cost of HVAC (cooler or chiller)
will be smaller. BUT DO NOT FORGET PLEASE about Light Transmission LT (or selectivity) , otherwise better
to replace windows with bricks and you will have SF= 0 (zero).
CONCLUSION? Look for low Solar Factor SF, especially for South oriented facades, and search for highest
selectivity (S=LT/SF). Stopray Lime= the best solution. Sunergy Green= very smart solution
Planibel Green= very good solution for E, W and N facades
AGC Glass Europe
Održavanje i udobnost- zvučna izolacija
Različita rješenja, ovisno o izvoru buke:
Asimetrična rješena .....
Najbolje rješenje laminirana stakla Stratophone
AGC Glass Europe
Glaverbel Czech 2005
Zvučna izolacija
pressure of air= sound intensity
Pa
dB
20
120
2
100
0,2
80
0,02
60
0,002
40
0,0002
20
0,00002
0
AGC Glass Europe
Zvučna izolacija
sound insulation > 40 dB
<30 dB
>70 dB
AGC Glass Europe
type of walls and sound insulation
Rw
[dB]
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
brick wall
DGU
DGU
Stratophone
Double Skin
façade
AGC Glass Europe
Različiti parametri buke
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safety vs security
safety is for persons EN 12600
security is for buildings EN 356
AGC Glass Europe
safety- of persons
EN 12600 – pendulum test
2 wheels,
each
50 Kg
Dim glass :
876 x 1938mm
pression :
0,35 Mpa
AGC Glass Europe
Security- for buildings
EN 356 – resistance on manual
attack- falling ball
Inaltimea de
cadere
STRATOBEL
STRATOPHONE
h
EN 356
sticla
1,5 m
P1A
44-1
3m
P2A
6m
P3A
4,1 kg
h
13 cm
110 cm
90 cm
9m
P4A
3x9m
P5A
44-2
55-2
44-3
33-4
33-4
44-4
55-4
44-6
66-6
AGC Glass Europe
Zaključak- sigurnost
Sigurnost osoba EN 12600
Ukoliko je staklo od poda do stropa važno je
Onemogućiti rizik od pada
laminated minimum 44.2
Ograde
laminated +
tempered
AGC Glass Europe
ISOZAKI TOWER - Milano
11/26/2013
46
AGC Glass Europe
ESTETSKI ZAHTJEV
Da se vide planine kroz zgradu.
Sjeverna
fasada
SF 32%
Karakteristike
Južna fasada
SF 26%
AGC Glass Europe
66.4 Stratobel Stopray Vision 60T / 16mm ar /
8mm Planibel Clearvision silkscreen 35%
white dots 2mm diameter / 16mm ar / 8mm
Energy NT on Clearvision
Na Sjevernoj fasadi, ista
kompozicija ali bez
sitotiska
WAVES
OBTAINED BY
BENDED GLASS
AGC Glass Europe
good example in USA, NY, Apple
AGC Glass Europe
good example in DE, Frankfurt, MyZeil, architect Fuksas
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UNLIMIT YOUR CREATIVITY
Hvala na pažnji
Antonija Mušović
[email protected]
AGC Glass Europe