ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
EVERGLADES AGRICULTURAL AREA PHOSPHORUS
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TRAINING
APRIL 11, 2013
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT
TECHNOLOGIES
Kim O’Dell
Supervisor- Environmental Scientist
Water Quality Treatment Technologies Section, Applied Sciences Bureau
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
SCOPE
The District has been evaluating alternative water
quality treatment technologies in both the STAs and
the Northern Everglades for almost 2 decades
• Products must remove nutrients
• Test sites could be District-owned
from water, and may focus on any
or cooperating landowner
source subject to agency
properties
interest/regulation; estuaries, canals,
• Evolved into product screening: not
Lake Okeechobee discharges and
a Research & Development
soil inactivation
process for the vendors
• Products/processes are vetted with
a pre-determined set of evaluation
criteria by a team of internal
scientific staff
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
TYPES
Mineral-based product applications:
• Phoslock™
•
•
•
•
•
WP1™
STI
ViroPhos™
Phosphorus Flux Study
Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs)
Flow- through processes:
• Ferrate
• AquaFiber
• Electrocoagulation
• Hybrid Wetland Treatment Technologies (HWTT)
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES-
LAB JAR TESTING OF 4 PRODUCTS
Phoslock®
STI
ViroPhos™
WP-1™
Mineral-based Products
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
MINERAL BASED PRODUCT APPLICATION
Martin County – Macarthur Lake
Stormwater Treatment Area (STA)
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
FLOW THROUGH PROCESSES TESTING
Electrocoagulation - EC
Ferrate
[TP] in = 1.320 mg/l
[TP] out = 0.100 mg/l
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES-
AQUALUTIONS™ (AQUAFIBER)
Two sites along the Caloosahatchee River:
S-77 at Lake Okeechobee and S-78 at Boma
AquaKnight™ Mobile Unit
WQ results in mg/l:
TP Site 1 in:
TP Site 1 out:
TP Site 2 in:
TP Site 2 out:
0.047
0.005
0.115
0.005
TN Site 1 in:
TN Site 1 out:
TN Site 2 in:
TN Site 2 out:
1.204
0.765
1.791
0.799
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIESSJRWMD Lake Jesup Demonstration Site
• AquaFiber was
paid $227/ lb P
removed
• Annual budget =
$500,000/yr for 5
years
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER TECHNOLOGY (PRB)
High [TP] Water
Remediated
Water
Aquifers
Reactive
Barrier
PO4 + Al
AlPO4
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
SITE 2: BUTLER OAKS
Monitoring
Wells
WTR
Before construction-Day 1
PRB Trench
Day 2
Project Completion
Day 3
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
HYBRID WETLAND TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY (HWTT)
Inflow
Outflow
Limerock Bed for
Buffering
Mixing Zone
Filtration Zone
Contact Zone with
Floc Reuse
Polishing Zone
Cumulative Flow Weighted TP Concentrations & % Reductions
(PORs as Noted)
Lemkin Cr
900
800
(7 cfs)
700
600
ppb
(30 cfs)
HWTT Wetland
500
(6 cfs)
400
(1 cfs)
300
(5 cfs)
77%
(20 cfs)
200
79%
80%
100
0
65%
91%
67%
Nubbin
Slough
Ideal Grove
Mosquito
Creek
Lemkin
Creek
Wolff Ditch
Grassy
Island
Inflow
837
236
406
84
91
469
Outflow
194
22
82
29
30
100
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS
• Screening level studies - not Research & Development
• Site specific product and processes – direct
comparisons are difficult to make among technologies
due to different water sources, etc.
• All technologies were able to reduce total phosphorus
and total nitrogen to varying degrees
• Electrocoagulation and Ferrate reduced sulfate levels,
while sulfate levels increased with other technologies
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES –
ASSESSMENT
• Challenges
o Feasibility of scale-up
o Funding
• Future options
o Prioritize with BMAP process in Northern Everglades work with FL Dept of Ag and Consumer Services on
former dairies
o Pay for performance RFP (ex: Lake Jesup) vs. in-house
contract
o Science Plan association – soil amendment study plan
S O U T H F L O R I D A W A T E R M A N A G E M E N T D I S T R I C T
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT
TECHNOLOGIES
Kim O’Dell
Supervisor- Environmental Scientist
Water Quality Treatment Technologies Section, Applied Sciences Bureau