EXAMPLE1,2,3 EXAMPLE O EXAMPLE DISCLAIMER

DISCLAIMER
This is a neutral and objective verbatim critical analysis of Feminist
Frequency’s Tropes vs. Women in Video Games video series on YouTube.
The purpose of this presentation is to show the accuracy of the facts and
the strength of the arguments presented in the given video. The wording
of the content presented in the video being critiqued has not been
altered in any way, and is as originally intended. Conflicting evidence
that has been released after the date of the given video (September 14,
2015) has not been included to debunk any arguments or facts presented, as that would be unfair. Sources and overall statistics are included at
the end of this presentation.
This is not a personal attack or libelous attempt towards Anita Sarkeesian,
her team, her supporters, or feminism in general, nor is it condoned.
Everyone has the right to voice their thoughts, opinions, and feelings on
Words, sentences, statements, video footage,
or full paragraphs with red outlines are either
EXAMPLE
WOMEN AS REWARD
Statements that precede a green check mark
are factually correct. Note that while a state-
All criticisms in this presentation about the given video are as fair, neutral,
dishonest statements, research errors, or logical
ment may be factually correct, it may also be
and objective as possible. Any criticisms or corrections towards this
fallacies. Each one will be debunked and
biased information or contain logical fallacies.
presentation are welcomed and encouraged. However, I ask that it be
explained in a separate section, following a
solid red line.
Writings that continue
elsewhere are followed by a dashed line.
constructive and respectful, without the use of any disrespectful, degrad-
EXAMPLE O
Statements that precede a green O are objective. Note that while a statement may be
objective, it may also be a research error or
EXAMPLE 1,2,3
any given subject matter, regardless of how true and popular it may be.
Any criticisms that have a numerical annotation
ing, or objectionable comments and language.
Thank you,
contain logical fallacies.
are backed up with the source(s) to the corresponding number(s). Click on the annotation
number to go to the source.
Brent Cherry
THE CRITICISMS EXPLAINED
The criticisms and recognitions in this presenta-
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT: An argument that
must inevitably follow from another without any
tion fall under 4 categories: Honesty, research,
is introduced without some sort of resolution or
rational argument or demonstrable mechanism
logic, and objectivity. The following criticisms
conclusion. Also known as an enthymeme.
for the inevitability of the event in question.
are what is found in this specific analysis. The
OPINION: A personal view, attitude, or apprais-
subcategories of each one follows afterward.
al that is presented as fact.
HONESTY
argument or statement when conflicting
OVERGENERALIZATION: A statement which is
Dishonesty occurs when a statement or evi-
evidence exists.
LOGIC
too general to support a single, solid conclu-
dence is intentionally given with only part or
FACTUAL ERROR: Presented information that is
A logical fallacy is incorrect argument in logic
sion about the subject.
none of the whole truth.
not factually correct.
and rhetoric which results in a lack of validity, or
OVERSIMPLIFICATION: A statement that
more generally, a lack of soundness. While a
makes something seem simpler than it really is
MISREPRESENTATION: Evidence that has been
OBJECTIVITY
fallacy may have multiple names and belong
or could possibly be.
altered and/or presented to intentionally give a
Objective analyses are arguments and state-
in certain subcategories, such as formal and
RED HERRING: A distraction from the topic
false or misleading idea of the original material.
ments that are fueled by solid facts and logic,
informal, with even more subcategories within
at hand by introducing a separate argument,
those, the focus is to describe the properties of
idea, or fact in an attempt to make a correla-
RESEARCH
absolute cornerstone to the overall credibility
a specific one.
tion between that and the original topic.
Research errors are mistakes made in gather-
towards being a reliable source of information.
REPETITION: Repeating an argument, state-
ing evidence to support a given argument or
ASSUMPTION: A statement taken to be the
ment, or premise over and over again in place
statement. What separates these from dishon-
CORRECT FACT: Information that is factually
case or to be true without verification or proof.
of better supporting evidence.
est statements is that the integrity is not clear,
correct with the whole truth intact.
CULTURAL BIAS: An interpretation and judg-
SELF-CONTRADICTION: A statement that direct-
and could possibly be due to unawareness
OBJECTIVE STATEMENT: Statements or argu-
ment of phenomena by standards inherent to
ly or indirectly opposes a previous statement.
or assumptions. Either way, this is a great hin-
ments that do not stem from bias or personal
one’s own culture or societal standards.
SLIPPERY SLOPE: An assertion that some event
drance to the overall credibility towards being a
belief on a certain subject matter.
reliable source of information.
CHERRY-PICKING: Information that is gathered and presented to support only the given
as opposed to personal belief or bias. This is the
“Powering up!”
This is a special DLC add-on for our episode examining the Women as Reward trope. If you haven’t
seen that video yet, I suggest watching it first before
continuing to view this one.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT x2
No explanation why framing females and/or their bodies as 1. obtainable or 2.
validation for masculinity is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
OVERSIMPLIFICATION
The Women as Reward trope may not entirely be designed to titillate heterosexual males. Other genders with various sexual orientations may have been
considered as well.
We’ve coined
the Women as
Reward trope
to describe a
long-running
pattern found
in interactive
media. It occurs
when women
(or more often
women’s bodies)
are employed
as rewards for
player actions
in video games.
The trope frames
female bodies
as collectible, as
tractable, or as
consumable, and positions women as status symbols
designed to validate the masculinity of presumed
straight male players.
As we discussed in our full episode, this trope
manifests in a number of ways,including earned
Cinematics,Easter Eggs,Unlockable Costumes,
Experience Points,Collectibles,and Achievements.
However, the Women as Reward trope can take
another, slightly different form.Instead of rewarding
players for actions taken within the game environments, this one offers women’s bodies to players as
rewards for actions taken in the real world.
Namely for
forking over
real money
for DLC or
pre-orders
that then
grant
gamers the
opportunity
to play with
and ogle
female
characters
in more
sexualized
outfits or
situations.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why offering rewards of female characters’ bodies via real-world
methods is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
CHERRY-PICKING
As of the release of this video, Capcom® has offered a bearded
and shirtless version of Ryu called “Battle Costume Ryu” as a
pre-order bonus for customers who purchased the upcoming
Street Fighter V (2016) from GameStop, with some even dubbing
it as “Hot Ryu”. Therefore, sexualized outfits as pre-order bonuses
are not exclusive to female characters.1,2
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why using real-world monetary transactions to obtain the opportunity to play with and ogle sexualized outfits of female characters’ bodies is
negative or more of an issue than other variations.
DLC is short for downloadable content,and can refer
to a wide range of additional features or extensions
to a pre-existing game,which can be purchased
and downloaded digitally.While DLC can include
everything from extra mapsto new levels,from
more missionsto better gear,for the purposes of
this trope, I’m focusing on costume packs that offer
sexualized variants of female game characters for an
extra fee.
This is only one example,but sexualized DLC
outfits have become standard practice in some
gaming genres.
ASSUMPTION
No evidence provided to support the claim that sexualized DLC outfits have
become standard practice in some gaming genres.
MISREPRESENTATION
While players can download and
purchase the Beachwear costume
for Serah, they can also download and purchase additional,
fully-clothed costumes as well,
which are Summoner’s Garb, N7
Armor from the Mass Effect series,
Style and Steel, and White Mage.
Therefore, this clip is misleading and dishonest.3
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT x2
No explanation why 1. using real-world monetary transactions to purchase such
costumes for female characters or 2. the proposed price for the given outfit for a
female character is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
MISREPRESENTATION
While players can download and
purchase the Beachwear costume
for Serah, they can also download
and purchase additional, fully-clothed costumes as well, which
are Summoner’s Garb, N7 Armor
from the Mass Effect series, Style and
Steel, and White Mage. Therefore, this description is misleading and dishonest.3
“No! I don’t believe you! Noel would never give into you!”
Final
Fantasy
XIII-2 offers
a revealing
“beachwear
costume”
for the
game’s
protagonist.But
unlike the
alternative
outfits I
discussed
in the main video, this one is not unlockable via
gameplay.Instead, it could be unlocked for 2 dollars
and 99 cents.
In our full video on this trope, we highlight some of the
ways mainstream pornography has been seeping into
video games as a reward for player actions.
Promotional materials read “For the first time in your life,
when you call Penthouse Pets, they’ll actually answer.”
Pre-order bonuses are extras
awarded to gamers that
pay for a game before it
has been released.As an
incentive, publishers will
offer small pieces of largely
cosmetic DLC,usually in the
form of alternative character
skins or unique digital items.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why pornifying the trend of offering DLC costumes of female
characters is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
The third installment in the Saints Row series pushed
this pornification trend even further by partnering with
Penthouse magazine.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why offering DLC of female characters that are modelled after
real pornographic actresses is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
MISREPRESENTATION x2
While players can download and purchase the Penthouse Pack for Saints Row:
The Third (2011), additional DLC offers players to download and purchase other
alternative, fully-clothed costumes of both male and female avatars. Therefore,
both this clip and 2. description are misleading and dishonest.4
“Pre-order now for a free upgrade to the limited edition. Includes three extra story missions and a bonus
impaler harpoon gun.”
When purchased, the resulting DLC offered gamers
the chance to add digital versions of real-life
“Penthouse Pets” to the player’s gang.
Sometimes different items may
be offered by specific retailers.
For example, you got the “Double
Barrel Elephant Rifle” for preorders
of Far Cry 4 at Amazon,but you
got the “Butcher’s Machete” for
pre-ordering from Best Buy.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why the given slogan is negative or more of an issue than
other variations.
MISREPRESENTATION
The “Big Bikini Bundle” that came as a pre-order bonus for Tekken Tag
Tournament 2 (2012) includes revealing beachwear for not just female characters, but male characters as well. This clip has be edited to show only the swimwear on female characters. Therefore, this clip is misleading and dishonest.7
OPINION
What is considered to be “questionable” is subjective and debatable.
OVERGENERALIZATION
When these same, already questionable marketing
tactics are combined with sexual objectification,
things start to get really insidious.
Using sexual objectification of women as a marketing tactic
does not always have negative or harmful outcomes. One study
demonstrated that portraying women as sexual objects in advertising resulted in perceptions being very mixed with younger
college undergraduates in modern western society, which was a
highly significant change from attitudes of women in 1991.5
And as an added
bonus, those who
pre-ordered at
GameStop stores
even received a sultry
phone call from one of
the female characters
in the game.Let’s
take a listen…
MISREPRESENTATION
This advertising was only one of the two promotional videos made for Tekken
Tag Tournament 2 (2012) and does not include all the pre-order bonuses from
GameStop. The full list included early access to characters Kunimitsu and
Ancient Ogre, collectable “Girl Power” poster, Yoshimitsu and Raven Avatars
for Xbox Live/Tempest Theme for PSN, a behind-scenes documentary, and 20
pieces of original artwork. The “Big Bikini Bundle” includes revealing beachwear
for not just female characters, but male characters as well. Therefore, this clip is
misleading and dishonest.6
“Pre-order offers include two new characters Angel and
Michelle, the big bikini bundle, four exclusive Snoop
Dog mash tracks, and the special Snoop Dog Stage.”
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why the given pre-order bonus pack is negative or more of an
issue than other variations.
MISREPRESENTATION
The “Big Bikini Bundle” that came as a pre-order bonus for Tekken Tag Tournament
2 (2012) includes revealing beachwear for not just female characters, but male
characters as well. Therefore, this description is misleading and dishonest.7
All pre-order bonus packs of Tekken Tag Tournament 2
included the heavily advertised “Big Bikini Bundle”.
“This is Anna Williams, calling in on behalf of
GameStop with some juicy news. Turns out your copy
of Tekken Tag Tournament 2 is ready for pickup. Better run along to your nearest GameStop tomorrow
morning to pick it up or I might just swipe your copy
for myself. And if you happen to have any old games
lying around, put some of that business savvy to work
and trade them in for 30% extra in-store credit when
you purchase Tekken Tag Tournament 2. But if you
really want to impress me, let’s see how you handle
a one-on-one fight. Or to make it interesting, let’s
try two-on-one. You game? Either way, I’ll be waiting.
Just remember: Power to the Player.”
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT x2
No explanation why 1. the given promotional strategy or 2. designing a franchise to
appeal to heterosexual males is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
OPINION
What is considered to be “embarrassing” is subjective and debatable.
OVERSIMPLIFICATION x3
1. Having one installment be targeted to a specific demographic does not
necessarily mean that an entire franchise based on it is entirely targeted towards
the same audience.
2. Having a particular publicity stunt or promotional move be targeted to a
specific demographic does not necessarily mean that an entire franchise based
on it is entirely targeted towards the same audience.
3. The given example of advertising for Tekken Tag Tournament 2 (2012) may not
have been designed with only a male heterosexual demographic in mind. Other
genders and sexual orientations may have been considered as well.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why the given outfit for Trip is negative or more of an issue than
other variations.
In this case, it’s
not just the
publisher who is
responsible for
that embarrassing
stunt.Bandai
Namco partnered
with GameStop to
make absolutely
sure everyone
knew the Tekken
franchise was designed with a very
specific subset
of straight male
gamers in mind.
An exclusive outfit called “Sexy Robot Trip” for the
female sidekick in the 2010 action-adventure platformer Enslaved was given to players who purchased
the game from Best Buy.
“Ho! This is the PLACE! Yes indeed!”
Pre-ordering Dead or Alive 5 from GameStop
granted players access to a series of white swimsuits
and bunny ears with which to dress up the game’s
female characters.
According to the head of Team Ninja Yosuke Hayashi, the female characters
portrayed in Dead or Alive 5 (2012) were designed from the perspective of the
Japanese culture of women, which is not considered to be sexist or degrading
by Japanese standards.8
MISREPRESENTATION x2
1. The DOA Angles pack only includes
costumes for the characters Kasumi, Hitomi,
and Leifang. Therefore, this description is
misleading and dishonest.9
2. The DOA Devils pack only includes costumes for the characters Ayane, Christie,
and Tina. Therefore, this description is
misleading and dishonest.9
“Powering up!”
Meanwhile, pre-ordering
from Amazon unlocked
black versions of these
same getups.
“Ahh! Aaaahhhh!”
CULTURAL BIAS
Occasionally bonuses are
included to encourage
gamers to buy a full-priced
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT x2
No explanation why offering additional content involving 1. female burlesque
shows or 2. female nudity is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
retail version of a game instead of a
less-expensive used copy.Gamers
who bought a new copy of EA’s The
Saboteur were given a ticket with a
code for the “midnight show”.This
special code did two things. First, it
allowed access to a burlesque show
in a cordoned-off area of the game
space.Second, it removed clothing
from all the female dancers in the
game, making all of them topless.
“Ah, there you are Sean. I have been waiting for you.
Come, take a seat. I can’t wait to get started.”
ASSUMPTION
No evidence provided to support the claim that “sex sells” has been heard the
most often.
CHERRY-PICKING
While it is very possible that using sexual content in marketing can be an ineffective or detrimental strategy, it is also possible for it to be effective and powerful
if there is solid congruence between the context of the advertising and the
product in question.10
MISREPRESENTATION
While the study referenced did not find any correlation
between the degree or intensity of sexual content in
advertising and intent to purchase or memory of the
advertising, it did not rule it out completely. In the conclusion of the study (page 17/1038), it is said that while
featuring violence and sex on their own do not provide
ideal context, “…strategies for advertising in such contexts need to consider program/advertisement congruity,
ad content intensity, and the demographics of target
audiences” in order to be effective advertising.11
(Audience applauding and cheering)
OPINION x2
What is considered to be 1. “less sexualized” or 2. “more appropriate” is subjective and debatable.
Now of course it’s
entirely possible for
DLC costumes to
avoid the Women as
Reward trope.O For
example, Mass Effect 2
offered two “Alternative
Appearance Packs” that
added new clothing
and armor for your
squadmates,which ended up actually providing less
sexualized outfits for both Miranda and Jack that are
more appropriate for the mission at hand.
OPINION
What is considered to be “boring” is subjective and debatable.
When discussing representations of sexualized women
the argument I hear most often is the old, adage, “sex
sells.” This boring excuse isn’t even accurate.
OVERSIMPLIFICATION
While using sexual content in advertising may not be a universally beneficial
strategy, it may help or even be necessary for products that use sexuality as the
foundation of business, such as pornography and prostitution.
ASSUMPTION x2
and heavily criticized when referring to the Women as Reward trope. Now it is
said that it is only the sexualization and objectification of female bodies that is
the point of the phrase “sex sells”.
No evidence provided to support the claim that 1. turning women and their
bodies into achievements to win or unlock has nothing to do with acts of consensual human intimacy or 2. people are really talking about sexualization and
objectification of women’s bodies when using the adage “sex sells”.
ASSUMPTION x3
No evidence provided to support the claim that selling sexism is successful due
to 1. not challenging dominant paradigms, 2. reinforcing pre-existing ideas in
western culture about male privilege, or 3. entitlement to women sexuality.
FACTUAL ERROR x2
As discussed in the full episode “Women as Reward”, 1. there are countless
games that award players for acts of consensual human intimacy with female
characters and 2. awarding players for acts of consensual human intimacy with
female characters was criticized as well as the sexualization and objectification
of female bodies.12
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
No explanation why using 1. sexualization and objectification of women’s bodies
or 2. sexism as an advertising strategy is negative or more of an issue than other
variations.
OPINION x3
What is considered to be 1. “more important”, 2. “more succinct”, or 3. “more
accurate” is subjective and debatable.
OVERGENERALIZATION
Not all sexualization and objectification of human bodies in marketing is
made using women. The marketing of
Chippendales® is entirely dependent on
using the sexualization and objectification of men, as it serves as the cornerstone
of their business model.13
OVERSIMPLIFICATION x2
1. Depending on the context of which the scenario is presented, awarding
players for interactions with characters in a sexual manner may have everything
to do with consent to intimacy.
2. While using sexual objectification of women may be a more common description of the adage “sex sells”, it can also be used to sell services that involve real
sexual activity with human beings, such as pornography and prostitution.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT x2
No explanation why reinforcing pre-existing ideas of 1. male privilege or 2. entitlement to women’s sexuality is negative or more of an issue than other variations.
Second, and more
importantly, when it
comes to the Women as
Reward trope in gaming,
we are not talking about
“actual sex”. The ways
women and women’s
bodies are turned into
trophies for gamers
to win or unlock has
nothing whatsoever to
do with acts of consensual human intimacy.
So when people say “sex sells”, what
they really mean is sexualization and
objectification of women’s bodies sell,
or more succinctly, and more accurately, “sexism sells.”
Depending on the delivery, using a specific subject matter that has proven to
be successful may not necessarily reinforce existing ideas within a culture, but
challenge them, especially if it is presented as commentary or satire.
When games offer hyper-sexualized DLC outfits for
players to buy, publishers and developers are telling
presumed straight male players, in not-so-subtle terms,
“Yes, these women do indeed exist primarily as toys to
fulfill your personal sexual fantasy”.
ASSUMPTION x2
No evidence provided to support the claim that 1. offering hyper-sexualized DLC
outfits gives heterosexual male players the given message or 2. such message is
intentionally given.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT x2
No explanation why 1. encouraging the given message or 2. having female
characters exist as toys to fulfill personal sexual fantasies of heterosexual males is
negative or more of an issue than other variations.
OVERSIMPLIFICATION
The message may not have been designed to appeal exclusively to heterosexual
males, but other genders and sexual orientations as well.
SLIPPERY SLOPE
While players may get this specific message from such marketing strategies, it is
not an absolute guarantee.
INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT x2
RED HERRING
This is just one of the ways the Women as Reward
trope works to perpetuate regressive ideas about
gender. See our full episode for a detailed analysis on
this topic.
Rewarding players to participate in sexual interactions with fictional characters
in video games and consensual human intimacy in real life are two completely
separate acts of human behaviour.
No explanation why 1. encouraging the given message or 2. having female
characters exist as toys to fulfill personal sexual fantasies of heterosexual males is
negative or more of an issue than other variations.
OVERSIMPLIFICATION
Encouraging a particular message may not necessarily perpetuate regressive
ideas, but positive ones as well or instead.
SELF-CONTRADICTION x3
1. In the full episode of “Women as Reward”, being rewarded with experience
points and achievements for having sex with female characters was discussed and
heavily criticized when referring to the Women as Reward trope. Now it is said that
“actual sex” is not the point when it comes to the Women as Reward trope.
2. If the female characters in a sexual encounter are willing participants, such as
the multiple scenarios shown as examples in the full episode “Women as Reward”,
then any reward that is given to gamers for successfully completing the event has
everything to do with acts of consensual intimacy, albeit not always human.
3. In the full episode of “Women as Reward”, being rewarded with experience
points and achievements for having sex with female characters was discussed
OVERSIMPLIFICATION
First, just because people will buy something doesn’t
automatically mean that thing has value,O or isn’t harmful.O It’s also not a guaranteed avenue to success.O
REPETITION
Instead of elaborating on how the given example perpetuates regressive ideas
about gender, the previous video is referred to.
And why does sexism sell? Well, because it’s not
challenging dominant paradigms. It’s simply reinforcing ideas about male privilege and entitlement to
women’s sexuality that are already entrenched in the
cultural zeitgeist.
59 LOGICAL FALLACIES
10 CASES OF DISHONESTY
4 RESEARCH ERRORS
10 CASES OF MISREPRESENTING EVIDENCE
119 TOTAL
SOURCES
10 CASES OF MISREPRESENTING EVIDENCE
10 DISHONEST STATEMENTS
3.4%
8.4%
2 CASES OF CHERRY PICKING
2 CASES OF FACTUAL ERRORS
25.2%
49.6%
13.4%
2 CASES OF CHERRY-PICKING
2 CASE OF FACTUAL ERRORS
4 RESEARCH ERRORS
42 CASES OF CORRECT FACTS (16 FLAWED)
4 OBJECTIVE STATEMENTS (0 FLAWED)
42 CORRECT FACTS (16 FLAWED)
4 OBJECTIVE STATEMENT (0 FLAWED)
9 CASES OF ASSUMPTION
1 CASE OF CULTURAL BIAS
23 CASES OF INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
8 CASES OF OPINION STATED AS FACT
2 CASES OF OVERGENERALIZATION
10 CASES OF OVERSIMPLIFICATION
1 CASE OF RED HERRING
1 CASE OF REPETITION
3 CASES OF SELF-CONTRADICTION
1 CASE OF SLIPPERY SLOPE
46 TRUTHFUL FACTS
AND FAIR ANALYSES
(16 FLAWED)
9 CASES OF ASSUMPTION
1 CASE OF CULTURAL BIAS
23 CASES OF INCOMPLETE ARGUMENT
8 CASES OF OPINION STATED AS FACT
2 CASES OF OVERGENERALIZATION
10 CASES OF OVERSIMPLIFICATION
1 CASE OF RED HERRING
1 CASE OF REPETITION
3 CASES OF SELF-CONTRADICTION
1 CASE OF SLIPPERY SLOPE
59 LOGICAL FALLACIES
1. SFV Pre-order Costumes and Collector’s Edition for North America:
http://www.capcom-unity.com/gregaman/blog/2015/08/31/
sfv-pre-order-costumes-and-collectors-edition-for-north-america
2. The Mary Sue - Street Fighter V‘s Pre-Order Costume Designs Look Amazing,
Especially “Hot Ryu”: http://www.themarysue.com/hot-ryu/
3. Final Fantasy Wiki - List of Final Fantasy XIII-2
Downloadable Content: http://finalfantasy.wikia.com/wiki/
List _ of _ Final _ Fantasy _ XIII-2 _ Downloadable _ Content
4. Saints Row Wiki - Saints Row: The Third: http://saintsrow.wikia.com/wiki/
Saints _ Row: _ The _ Third#DLC
5. The Sexual Objectification of Women in Advertising: A Contemporary Cuitural
Perspective: http://pure.au.dk/portal-asb-student/files/10594/8 _ - _ sexual _
objectification _ of _ women.pdf
6. Tekken Tag Tournament 2 - GameStop Pre-Order Recap: https://youtu.be/
SrRZuJ2OJB0
7. Tekken Tag Tournament 2 - Big Bikini Bundle Trailer: https://youtu.be/Dy5O476QuVE
8. DOA5 lead: Japanese view of women in games ‘not
going to change’: http://www.engadget.com/2012/08/22/
doa5-lead-japanese-view-of-women-in-games-not-going-to-change/
9. Dead or Alive Wiki - Dead or Alive 5/Downloadable Content: http://deadoralive.
wikia.com/wiki/Dead _ or _ Alive _ 5/Downloadable _ Content#DOA _ Angels
10. About.com Money - Sex Sells…Or Does It?: http://marketing.about.com/od/
eventandseminarmarketing/a/tradeshowtech.htm
11. “Do Sex and Violence Sell? A Meta-Analytic Review of the Effects of Sexual and
Violent Media and Ad Content on Memory, Attitudes, and Buying Intentions” by
Robert B. Lull and Brad J. Bushman: http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/
bul-bul0000018.pdf
12. Women as Reward - Tropes vs. Women in Video Games: youtu.be/QC6oxBLXtkU
13. Chippendales - http://www.chippendales.com