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archaeology southend central area action plan heritage - part 5 july 2011 evidence base southend on sea borough council local development framework delivering regeneration and growth SCAAP Evidence Base - Heritage Archaeology Introduction Concern for our heritage is not just about our visible historic buildings and areas. Hidden features below ground, in our landscapes and in some of our historic buildings themselves hold evidence of our past and how our own society has developed. It is important that such evidence is not lost unnecessarily and is investigated where possible. The Southend Sites and Monuments Record (HBSMR) is a record of archaeological finds and information in the Borough. It is used to assess the need for archaeological surveys on new developments. Information on the finds in the Central Area are identified the tables below and their locations are shown in Plan 3. The Map also identifies Areas of Archaeological Potential, Ancient Monuments and the Prittlewell Prince Burial Site. HBSMR Points Map Ref S1 HBSMR Id 34898 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 15368 9786 9645 9644 9587 9702 S8 23014 S9 15025 S10 17982 S11 S12 S13 17621 9596 9642 Type Amusement Park Building Brickfields. No traces survive. Axe and Axe head Axe and Axe head Axe Vessel Loom weight Vessel Quern Timber framed building, 255 Victoria Avenue Building. Red brick with mock timber framing and terracotta detailing. Timber framed building. 269271 Victoria Avenue unknown (made of copper alloy) Vessel / Belgic pottery Loom weight S14 S15 23029 9785 Floor Tile Palaeolithic implement Period late C19 1878-1932 Early to late Neolithic Early to late Neolithic Palaeothic Roman Not listed Not listed Not listed Address The Kursaal Milton Hall Brickfield, original site of brickfield Colman Street, Southend Southend Sweyne Avenue, Southend Sutton Road, Southend Southend Southend Southend mid-late C15 255 Victoria Avenue Late C19 early C20 Medieval plus extensive alterations in 18th century Blue Boar PH, Prittlewell Roman Roman Early Medieval Medieval Palaeothic 269-271 Victoria Avenue Roots Hall Estate, Southend Prittlewell Prittlewell Prittlewell Churchyard, Southend Prittlewell S15 S16 23012 9760 S17 15155 S18 9542 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 9543 9630 13817 9631 9636 17976 S25 15147 S26 14690 Not listed (made of stone) Perforated object (possible weight or hammer) Vessel Axe Brooch Axe Axe and Axe (tool) Vessel Worked object Vessel Buildings. Unusual Arts and Crafts style pottery from fieldwalking survey S27 14691 Vessel Post Medieval 14531 Tile Fieldwalking Survey Post Medieval S28 S29 14695 Vessel Roman S30 S31 14694 9706 Vessel Seal (Bronze) Late Iron Age Medieval S32 S33 9788 9780 Coin Vessel Pot Roman Early Iron Age Not listed S34 9586 Vessel Roman Cremation Roman 9648 Polished Axehead Early to late Neolithic S36 9647 Axehead Vessel Not listed Late Iron Age S37 9740 Coin Hoard Roman Vessel Roman 2 Coins Vessel Evidence of Cremation Roman Middle Bronze Age Early to Middle Bronze Age S35 S38 9646 Coin Flint scrapper The Crowstone, obelisk boundary marker Medieval unknown Edith Road, Prittlewell 33 Priory Gardens 1755 late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age Iron Age Early to late Neolithic Early Medieval Early to late Neolithic Early to late Neolithic Later Prehistoric Bronze Age Roman Priory Park 1913-1915 medieval Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Southend High School Priory Crescent, Prittlewell Not listed Prittlewell Eastern Avenue, Prittlewell Eastern Avenue, Prittlewell Eastern Avenue, Prittlewell Southend Sewage Treatment Works Land NW of Wellesley Hospital Land NW of Wellesley Hospital Land NW of Wellesley Hospital Fox Hall Farm Southend Indoor Tennis and Leisure Centre Southend Indoor Tennis and Leisure Centre 17 Lewes Road, Southend 147 Royston Avenue, Southend North Avenue, Southend North Avenue, Southend Bournemouth Park Road, Southend Bournemouth Park Road, Southend 12 Lancaster Gardens, Southend 12 Lancaster Gardens, Southend Hastings Road, Southend 41 Windemere Road, Southchurch 41 Windemere Road, Southchurch 41 Windemere Road, Southchurch Riviera Drive, Southend Riviera Drive, Southend HBSMR Polygons Map Ref H1 H1 H1 HBSMR Id 9591 9592 9593 H1 9594 H2 9789 Flake Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Handaxe H3 H4 H5 9598 9643 9697 site of windmill Axe Ditches with Medeival silting Period Early Iron Age Roman Lower Palaeolithic Not listed Not listed Lower Palaeolithic to Early Mesolithic Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Palaeolithic on Chapman and Andres Map 1777 Early to late Neolithic Medieval H6 9680 Tranchet Axehead Mesolithic H7 H8 9768 9699 Axehead Pier (Iron and Wood) Vessel Not listed Post Medieval Late Iron Age H9 9791 Brick H10 H11 H12 9698 9749 9725 site of windmill Worked Object (Stone) Coin Modern (Post-1901) on Chapman and Andres Map 1777 Not listed Late Iron Age to Roman H13 9679 Tranchet Axehead Mesolithic Not listed 9752 9557 Axehead Waste flakes from Southchurch Hall Site. Mesolithic - Neolithic flints from mound L Plan Timber Framed Hamlet Road Not listed Westcliff-on-Sea Arnold Avenue/ Manilla Road, Southend Arnold Avenue/ Manilla Road, Southend Mesolithic / Neolithic C14 Southchurch Hall Southchurch Hall H14 H15 Type Vessels Vessel Handaxe Handaxe Lithic Implement Address Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Roots Hall Gravel Pit Prittlewell Prittlewell Southend Milton Hall School Sainsbury's, Whitegate Road, Southend Sainsbury's, Whitegate Road, Southend Southend Pier Marine Parade, Southend Church of St Erkenward, Southend H16 H17 H18 9675 9757 9776 H19 H20 H20 9777 9759 9538 9537 Building, Southchurch Hall 200 items including: Pots, Horseshoes, Buckles, Stirrups, Sickles Chains, Weights, Knives, Shears, Spades, Rakes Spurs, Bridle bits, etc. possible moat Coin Vessel Cremation ditch Coin Prittlewell Priory Building brick millstone probably from monastic kitchen floor tile encaustic floor tile roof peg tile Mouled stone, pottery and glass Pottery pieces Flint scrapper Traces of a semi circular earthworks system Not listed Southchurch Hall on OS map 25" first edition Roman Roman Roman prehistoric Roman Post Medieval Medieval Central Avenue Sycamore Grove, Southend Sutton Road, Prittlewell Sutton Road, Prittlewell Sutton Road, Prittlewell Prittlewell Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory unknown Medieval Medieval Medieval monastic and post monastic Medieval unknown Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory unknown Early Neolithic to Late Neolithic Not listed Neolithic Post Medieval Medieval Medieval Late Neolithic Prittle Brook Priory Park H20 9539 H20 9540 H20 9541 H20 9545 H20 9546 H20 9632 H20 9633 H20 9634 Axe Palstave Axe (tool) H20 9635 Axe and Axehead Early Medieval Late Neolithic to Late Bronze Age Not listed Not listed Early Neolithic to Late Neolithic H21 H22 9695 9764 builders trenches Discoid flint core late c17 unknown Axe Axehead Scraper (tool) Stone Wall Vessel Not listed (made of Flint) 30 items including: Vessels, Pins, Bottles, Flagons, Coins, Bottles Girdle Hanger, Vase, Spoon, Jewellery, Lock, Key, Cremation, Whetstone Spear Roman Prittlewell Priory Prittle Brook east of Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Priory Park, Prittlewell Priory Park, Prittlewell Priory Park, Prittlewell Priory Park, Prittlewell Site of Anglo Saxon Cemetary Prittlewell Not listed Not listed Not listed Prittlewell Bridge House, Prittlewell (demolished) prittlewell H23 H24 9765 9637 Late Medieval cloth mark Brick Tile Tile Millstone Pottery pieces Floor Tile Roof Tile Late Medieval Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Medieval Medieval Medieval H24 9638 Roman H24 9639 Brick pre-conquest round headed doorway, north wall H24 9640 Window Medieval Window Medieval Window Medieval Window Medieval Door Medieval Font Medieval Coffin Medieval Stone Medieval St Mary's Church Worked Object Banked enclosure between Cemetary and Brook Post Medieval Medieval H24 H25 9641 9770 H26 9550 H27 9547 H27 H28 9548 9549 Body Sherd Column Beaker Dish Jug Bowl Vessel Vessel Vessel Tile Nail Padlock Vessel Vessel Nail Tile Animal Remains Saxon unknown Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Roman Medieval Medieval Medieval Medieval Medieval Shatcrofts, grounds of Priory House Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory Prittlewell Priory St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell St Mary's Church, Prittlewell Prittlewell Sutton Road, Prittlewell Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp 23001 H29 17989 Architectural Fragment Coin Seal Pottery pieces Medieval Early Medieval Medieval Medieval and Roman Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Prittlewell Camp Smithers Farm Some HBSMR points and polygons have multiple HBSMR IDs attached to them. To simplify the associated map, only one Map Reference is given in these instances. Scheduled Ancient Monuments The most important archaeological sites are designated Scheduled Ancient Monuments by the government’s Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS), on the advice of English Heritage. These sites have statutory protection under the Ancient Monuments & Archaeological Areas Act, 1979. Ancient Monument Consent is needed from the DCMS for any works or activities, such as metal detecting, digging and ploughing, that will affect the site. (Other forms of consent such as planning permission or listed building consent may also be necessary.) Three of the 6 Scheduled Ancient Monuments in the Borough. Of these Southchurch Hall and Prittlewell Priory are close to the boundary of the Central Area and a third, Prittlewell Camp is a little further out. All these are identified on Plan 3. A1 Southchurch Hall Southchurch Hall was built as a manor house in the late 13th century, on a raised island surrounded by a moat. Although the building has been modified many times, it was restored to something like its original appearance in the 1920’s and is now used as a museum within a small park. The area of the original moats is likely to contain much archaeological evidence of its history. A gatehouse is believed to have existed close to the present bridge. The scheduled area covers the whole of park but excludes the buildings above ground. These are protected as Listed Buildings. A2 Prittlewell Priory The Priory was established by the Cistercian monks of Lewis Abbey in the early 12th century. It was suppressed by Henry VIII in 1536, and now only part of the refectory and the Prior’s chamber remain of the original buildings. But the ruins of some of its buildings can still be seen and the Priory’s fish ponds still survive. The scheduled area covers the grounds of the Priory, including the fish ponds. It also includes an area east of Prittle Brook believed to contain part of a 6th-7th century Anglo-Saxon cemetery. The surviving buildings are not part of the scheduled area but are protected as Listed Buildings A3 Prittlewell Camp, Fossetts Farm At the rear of the Waitrose supermarket in Eastern Avenue, this is a late Bronze Age or early Iron Age (8th to 5th century BC) circular univallate hill fort with extensive views across the Roach valley. This type of hill fort is rare and surviving examples are of national importance. The purpose of this particular example is not yet known. But there is likely to be good evidence surviving below ground. The Prince of Prittlewell Immediately to the east of the Priory is a Roman and rich early Saxon cemetery, which included the chambered tomb of the ‘Prince of Prittlewell’, a discovery of international significance. The tomb was probably that of a member of the East Saxon royal family and further highlights the importance of Prittlewell at this time. Further information on the Prince of Prittlewell please see Southend Museums Website www.southendmuseums.co.uk A3 H26 H28 H25 S28 H29 S25 H27 S30 S22 S29 S21 S23 S26 S27 S24 S18 S19 S17 H20 S20 A2 H18 S31 S16 H19 S32 H22 H23 H21 S15 S14 H3 H1 S11 S12 S15 S13 H24 S10 H2 S8 S9 S7 S33 H17 S6 H16 S4 S5 H4 S3 S2 S34 H5 S37 S35 S38 S36 H6 A1 H11 H15 H10 H9 H13 H12 S1 H7 H14 H8 Heritage Assessment Plan 3 - Archaeology Ñ ž Southend Central Area Boundary Prittlewell Prince Burial Site HBSMR Point HBSMR Polygon Ù N Ancient Monument Areas of Archaeological Potential © Crown copyright and database rights 2011 Ordnance Survey 100019680 1:10,000 at A3 0 250 500 Meters
