Electric Drives Potentials on Tractors and Implements

Electric Drives Potentials on Tractors and Implements

Electric Drives
Potentials on Tractors and Implements
Dr. Joachim Sobotzik
John Deere
Global Tractor Electronic Engineering
1 March 2011
Agenda
• Electric Engine Auxiliary Drives
• Tractor / Implement Electrification
• Potentials on Implements
• Summary & Vision
2
E-Premium 7430 and 7530
Intro at Agritechnica in 2007
First Electrification in series production within Ag
Catalyst for Electrification within Ag
Awards:
Agritechnika Gold Medal
FIMA Gold Medal
Royal Show Award
3
…
3
6030 E-Premium: vehicle features
•Flywheel mount 20kW generator
•High power 14 V system, 300amps cont.
•Full reversible radiator fan drive (screen cleaning)
•Mobile power generation
•
utility tools
•
emergency power supply
•
230V 1-phase / 400V 3-phase
•Auxiliary power management to reduce parasitic power losses
•Engine rpm independant cab cooling
4
Electrification of Auxiliaries: What‘s next?
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A Trend?
6
Agritechnika 2009
Vision: Next level of Electrification
Electric power for Implements
Targets:
– Enhanced plug-n-play
– Increased power density
– Controlled power distribution
– Reduced input costs
– Optimized implements, better output quality
Electrification: Control and Distribution of Power
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A New Idea?
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Farmall 400, 1954
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9 InGenics | Apr2010
… should we really continue this way?
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… or is there a vision?
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Electric Power Interfaces: A complement
Electric Power
480VAC/700VDC
150kW per receptacle
integr. safety features
integr. communication
14V supply
Hydraulic Power
(e.g. 40kW)
Modes:
• Implement sends demands
ISOBUS
• Tractor sets voltage / frequency
• Tractor provides constant U/f
Mech. Power
(e.g. 150kW) • Implement integrated power electronics
•…
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5. Contacts
1x EPBC
Field Bus Connector
5x 12/24V
Contacts
3x Power Contacts
-touch proof-
flexible crimp area to connect
different cable diameters to
handle different power
requirements
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Tractor/Implement Electrification Architectures
„traditional“ tractors:
Implement integrated generator
Control and Distribution on Implement
Inverter
Inverter
Compatibility!
Standardization!
PTO
Inverters
most common case:
Tractor integrated power generation
Control and Distribution on Implement
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DC Architecture
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AC Interface
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TIE Interface – Two Power Generation Architectures
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Implement Example – Sprayer
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Source: K. Hahn: High Voltage Tractor-Implement Interface, SAE Commercial Vehicle Engineering Congress , 2008
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Prospects for AGT Pneumatic Fertiliser
Spreader
Target: Constant RPM
speed
> Hydraulic fan drive
Oil container with
cooling
Target: Regulated fertiliser
mass flow
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> Hydraulic cam wheel drive
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Pneumatic Planter
Hydr. Fan Drive
12V metering drive
Hydraulic Pump
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Source: N. Rauch: Mit elektrischen Antrieben Traktor-Geräte Kombinationen optimieren, VDI Profi Tagung, Feb. 2010
Rauch EDR fertilizer spreader
„clearly arranged“ coupling
80
70
60
efficiency [%]
50
Best efficiency
with optimum control
40
30
20
electrical spreader
hydraulic spreader at Power Beyond
hydraulic spreader at SCV
mechanical spreader
10
0
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
disk torque [Nm]
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Source: N. Rauch: Mit elektrischen Antrieben Traktor-Geräte Kombinationen optimieren, VDI Profi Tagung, Feb. 2010
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Step response: hydraulic vs. electrical drive of a
spreader disc
Step response - Spreader disc speed
hydraulic vs. electrical main drive
Step response - Spreader disc speed
hydraulic vs. electrical main drive
target speed
response hydraulic driven
900
target speed
900
response electric driven
response hydraulic driven
600
300
0
Step response - Spreader disc speed
hydraulic vs. electrical main drive
600
target speed
900
response hydraulic driven
response electric driven
300
0
2
4
6
time [sec.]
disc speed [rpm]
disc speed [rpm]
disc speed [rpm]
response electric driven
600
8
10
300
0
0
5
10
15
0
25
20
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time [sec.]
25
29
30
31
35
33
35
time [sec.]
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Kverneland GEO SEED
• Agritechnica 2009
• Electrically driven and synchronized seed drill units
• GPS-based seed positioning
• Improved productivity and reduced costs
“Control capability and distribution of electrical power"
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Amazone Ux eSprayer prototype
• Agritechnica 2009
• 400 VAC drives
• Main pump
• Flushing pump
• Mixer unit
• Submersible pump
• Plug socket for high-pressure
cleaner
• Improved regulation & efficiency
• Power required 17 kW
• Supply via the tractor
„Control capability and distribution of
electrical power"
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Summary & Vision
Electric drives have entered the arena of Ag machinery
• Tractor
• Engine Auxiliaries
• Traction Drives
• Implement
•
•
•
•
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Control and Distribution
New Implement Topologies (compare to industrial automation)
Optimized attachment, plug&play
Enhancement to ISOBUS and Automation
Summary & Vision
• Tractor/implement system electrification
- Technology transfer from automation industry
- Agricultural System Engineering will apply technology to optimize
processes and reduce input costs
- Obvious system level benefits of electric drives will allow new types of
machinery
- For Ag a standardized interface is one key element for success
-Proposal exists and will be introduced to AEF in March 2011
- Mitigation scenarios have to be provided for existing equipment
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