Solidarity - Ethiomedia

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Copyright © 2012 by The Solidarity Movement for a New Ethiopia (SMNE)
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The Solidarity Movement for a New Ethiopia
(SMNE)
910 17th St. NW, Suite 419
Washington, DC 20006 USA
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.solidaritymovement.org
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,ˆ
http://www.insa.gov.et
http://english.eximbank.gov.cn/
http://wwwen.zte.com.cn/en/
http://www.thereporterethiopia.com/News/chinese-israli-companies-face-offbillions-of-dollars-telecom-project.html
http://www.thereporterethiopia.com/Business-Feature/the-telecom-challengeahead.html
http://www.ethiopianreporter.com/news/293-news/3585-2011-10-01-12-3246.html
http://www.ethiotelecom.et/amharic/index.php
http://www.fdredefenceforce.gov.et/
http://www.waltainfo.com/
http://www.ifrc.org/
http://www.actionaid.org/ethiopia
http://www.crdaethiopia.org/index.php
http://infomedtec.com/ercs/index.php
http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/ensuring-your-information-issafe.html
http://support.google.com/accounts/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=32040
http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2011/06/02/top-10-things-you-can-do-to-protectyour-gmail-account/
www.iss.co.za/
http://www.mcit.gov.et/?q=home.aspx
&ER ,ˆ
i
http://www.eprdf.org.et/web/guest/gallery
ii
http://yle.fi/uutiset/ulkomaat/2012/03/etiopia_hyokkaa_muttei_halua_sotaa_334759
4.html
iii http://www.eprdf.org.et/web/guest/gallery
iv http://www.ertagov.com/am/contact-erta-addis-ababa-ethiopia/1767-2011-12-20-1802-37.html
v http://www.ertagov.com/amerta/component/content/article/49-erta-tv-hot-newsaddis-ababa-ethiopia/558-16-.html
vi http://www.ethiopianreporter.com/politics/295-politics/5598-2012-03-17-08-5856.html
vii http://www.ethpress.gov.et/ethpress/main/economy.php?economyId=466
viii http://www.eipo.gov.et/
ix http://www.federalpolice.gov.et/flashgallery/flashgallery.html
46
http://www.newsdire.com/news/568-addis-ababa-to-get-street-surrviellancecameras.html
xi http://www.addistribune.com/Archives/2001/05/18-05-01/Kinfe.htm
xii http://www.addisallaround.com/Home/tabid/83/default.aspx?viewId=62
xiii http://www.ethiotelecom.et/news/news.php?id=61
xiv http://www.witfor2007.org/sponsor
xv http://www.ethiotelecom.et/company/managemenchart.php
xvi http://www.orange.cm/UserFiles/Latute%281%29.jpg
xvii http://www.insa.gov.et/INSA/faces/news/morenews.jsp?newsid=30
x
xviii
http://www.waltainfo.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2671:ope
ning-remark-by-dr-debretsion-gebremichael-communication-and-informationtechnology-minister-at-innovation-africa-digital-summit-2012-addis-ababa-march-272012&catid=68:speech&Itemid=296
xix http://www.iss.co.za/show_personnel.php?office=4
47

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