(Lepidoptera) from South Africa. 6

P O L I S H
J O U R N A L O F
P O L S K I E
VOL. 77: 245-254
P I S M O
E N T O M O L O G Y
E N T O M O L O G I C Z N E
Bydgoszcz
30 September 2008
Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from South Africa.
6: Choristoneura HÜBNER and Procrica DIAKONOFF
JÓZEF RAZOWSKI
Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals PAS, Sławkowska 17, 31-016 Kraków,
Poland, e-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT. Two genera are discussed; 3 species of Choristoneura are treated; Cacoecia heliaspis MEYRICK and C. occidentalis Walsingham are transferred to Choristoneura; C. freemani n.
nov. is a replacement name for Nearctic C. occidentalis FREEMAN not WALSINGHAM. Of three species of Procrica two (P. marieskopa sp.n., P. pilgrima sp. n.) are newly described.
KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, new species, Afrotropical.
INTRODUCTION
This paper is the sixth of the series on the Tortricidae of South Africa based primarily on
the collection of the Transvaal Museum, Cape Town where the holotypes are deposited.
Choristoneura and Procrica are treated as closely related (RAZOWSKI 2002a). There are
some other genera close or synonymous with first of them and some require description.
Three of them are listed by RAZOWSKI (1992) and one, Meridemis DIAKONOFF, 1976, is
also found in this region.
Abbreviations
MNHL - Natural History Museum London
Acknowledgements
The author would like to express his gratitute to the authorities of the Transvaal Museum, especially to Dr. Martin KRÜGER the former curator of the Lepidoptera Department.
Polish Journal of Entomology 77 (3)
246
Thanks are also due to Dr. º. PRZYBYºOWICZ who photographed the moths and
Mr. K. FIOºEK, Cracow for arranging the plates.
Choristoneura LEDERER, 1859
RAZOWSKI (1992) revised Choristoneura dealing with the Palaearctic and Nearctic
species. He also mentioned that its species "do not penetrate the Oriental region but only
approach the western and northern intermediate zone, if we accept Meridemis as a distinct
genus" and that Choristoneura does not occur even in the northernmost parts of the
Neotropical region. Recent studies allow us to suppose that this genus has some Oriental
representatives, e.g. in Vietnam. RAZOWSKI (2002a) found it in the Afrotropical region
describing one species from Cameroon. Now we are convinced that Choristoneura has
more African representatives.
Choristoneura occidentalis (WALSINGHAM, 1891), comb. n.
Material examined
Lectotype male: "Syntype; Gambia, Bathurst, XI - 1884 - 5, CARTER 1886, No. 88";
GS 4761 BM; paralectotype, female, similar label ("CARTER 1885, No. 278"); GS 4719
BM.
Description
Male genitalia (Figs 1, 2) as described for heliaspis but with longer terminal part of
sacculus.
Female genitalia (Fig. 11) also similar to heliaspis but with somewhat longer ductus
bursae, smaller sclerite of antrum and seemingly larger signum.
Remarks
BROWN (2007) placed Cacoecia occidentalis in Archips HÜBNER, [1825] and sunk
Cacoecia heliaspis as its synonymy. FREEMEN (1967) described from Washington, USA
another species, Choristoneura occidentalis which becomes its younger homonymy (RAZOWSKI 1992). I am proposing for the latter a replacement name Choristoneura freemani.
The ebove mentioned characters may prove insufficient for separation of heliaspis from
occidentalis hence a wider material should be examined for variation or local forms. In the
NHML there are numerous specimens from several African countries (from Sierra Leone to
Zanzibar) with similar facies.
RAZOWSKI J.: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from South Africa
247
Choristoneura heliaspis (MEYRICK, 1909), comb. n.
(Figs 16 - 18)
Description
Male genitalia (Figs 3, 4). Uncus broad, rounded terminally; socius small; arm of gnathos weakly expanding subterminally, terminal plate very large; valva subsquare with
rounded posterior corners; sacculus slender with small terminal process; transtilla narrowing medially; aedeagus slender posteriorly; coecum penis atrophied; cornuti up to three
moderate spines.
Female genitalia (Fig. 16). Sterigma rather short, with well developed lateral arms;
sclerite of antrum short; ductus bursae with 7 or 8 coils; cestum long; signum small.
Material examined
Over 30 males and and 14 females from: South Africa: Port St. Johns (10-22.II.1955,
A.T.J. JANSE; 20.I.1953, C.G.C. DICKSON); Durban (IV. 1954; 23-29.II.1952; II. 1955;
III.1954; XII. 1954, etc., C.G.C. DICKSON;); Umdomi Park (11-16.V.1974, L. Va'ri);
Ndumu, Natal (10-12.II.1968, POTGIETER & JONES); Bobomene (10.V.1974, POTGIETER &
SCOBLE); St. Lucia Lane, N, (X. 1934, H.W. BELL MARLEY); Nelspruit, Stonehaven
(31o11'E 25033'S, 1.II.1989, N.J. DUKE); Mtumatuba, Natal (E.R. HARRISON); Nelspruit,
Tvl (28.I. 1981, M. SMIT); Nelspruit: Stonehaven.
Mozambique: Moronga Forest, Moz.[ambique] (20o03'S 33o09'E, 6-11.IX.1972, R.H.
JONES); Chiluvo, Moc.[ambique] (26.III.1963, D.M.C. Cookson); Xiluvo, VIIa Machado
Distr. (9-10.III.1964, VARI & VAN SON).
Remarks
This species was described in the genus Cacoecia HÜBNER, [1825] and placed by
BROWN (2005) under its older synonymy Archips HÜBNER, [1825] as a synonymy of
C. occidentalis to which it is similar externally and shows analogous variation (Figs 16-20).
C. heliaspis characterizes with small terminal part of sacculus.
Choristoneura psoricodes (MEYRICK, 1911)
(Fig. 19)
Description
Male. Wing span 19.5 mm. Head and thorax ochreous cream, labial palpus (ca 3) and
tegula mixed with brownish. Forewing slightly expanding terminally; costa weakly curved
at base, without fold; apex broadly rounded; termen somewhat oblique, almost straight.
Ground colour cream slightly suffused and densely strigulated with yellow-brown; in ter-
Polish Journal of Entomology 77 (3)
248
minal part of wing some veins similarly suffuded. Marking yellowish brown in form of
incomplete fascia extending from mid-costa towards tornus where ill-defined, small subapical blotch. Cilia cream scaled with yellow ochreous, browner at apex, cream at tornus.
Hindwing brownish cream, darker on peripheries than at base, with indistinct brownish
grey strigulation; cilia whitish.
Female. Wingspan 21-23 mm; labial palpus ca 4. Strigulation of forewing darker than
in male; hindwing brownish grey.
Variation. Ground colour of forewing and strigulation more or less dark; some dots and
basal line of cilia darker, rust brown.
Male genitalia (Fig. 13, not known until now). Sterigma with large, folded lateral parts
and strong cup-shaped part fused with the sclerite of antrum; its more proximal portion
forms a broad colliculum; ductus bursae rather short, with cestum; signum with atrophied
basal plate, with moderate blade and slender capitulum.
Material examined
Eight specimens from Jonkershoek (22-23. X. 1965, L. VARI); Graskop, Tlv. (4. IX.
1954, G. VAN SON); De Hoop, Cape Prov., Bredasdorp Distr. (1-3.XI. 1967, VARI & POTGIETER).
Remarks
This species was described from South Africa (Haenertsburg and Woodbush Village,
Transvaal). CLARKE (1958) illustrated the male lectotype preserving its original position in
Tortrix auct. BROWN (2005) placed it in Epichoristodes DIAKONOFF, 1960. The examined
specimens exactly fit the description and the illustration of the moth. There are some small
differences in the sacculus and aedeagus only (compare Figs 5, 6).
I am including psoricodes in Choristoneura mainly on basis of similarity in the shapes
of uncus, transtilla and valva. The males of examined examples are without costal fold.
Procrica DIAKONOFF, 1960
Remarks
Since description of this genus (DIAKONOFF 1960) new taxa have been successively
added (cf. RAZOWSKI 2002b, nine species included). Now further two species are placed in
this genus.
The present additions confirmed the characteristics of the genus and its similarity to
Choristoneura. The species differ chiefly in coloration; the male genitalia are similar; the
female genitalia are little known but we can characterize them as follows (examined in
P. ammina DIAKONOFF,1983, P. mariepskopa sp.n.): Papilla analis moderate, short hairy;
RAZOWSKI J.: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from South Africa
249
sterigma with short anteostial part and large postostial lateral arms; sclerite of antrum short,
colliculum weak; ductus bursae slender, without cestum; signum may occur.
A new character, a group of specialized scent scales near the apex of female hindwing,
is found in Procrica. This is a synapomorphy with Archips, not found in other tortricines.
Procrica intrepida DIAKONOFF, 1960
Material examined
Ten male specimens from Transkei (Dwesa Forest), Durban, Charter's Kreek, late X,
Natal) II. and V. 1955, Santa Lucia Bay, 30 IX, Natal; Dukuduku Forest in open grassland
28 V, Natal; Umdoni Park mid-XII; Illowo Beach I.; Port St. John's II.
Remarks
Described from Natal (Pinetown), South Africa; lectotype illustrated by CLARKE
(1958); female lectoparatype not dissected. Type series in NHML. Genitalically similar to
D. semilutea DIAKONOFF, 1960.
Procrica pilgrima sp. n.
(Fig. 20)
Diagnosis
Closely related and in male genitalia very similar to P. parva RAZOWSKI, 2002 from
Kenya and mariepskopa sp. n. but pilgrima with dark brown hindwing and markings of
forewing, and larger proximal part of uncus.
Etymology
The specific name refers to the type locality.
Description
Wingspan 16 mm. Head and collar brown, basal joint of labial palpus and frons brown
orange; thorax yellow-brown, base of tegula with brown spot. Forewing not expanding
terminally; costa strongly convex at base, termen straight to middle, not oblique. Ground
colour yellow brown suffused with brown in terminal part of wing. Markings dark brown
consisting of remnants of basal blotch at costa and dorsum; median fascia interruped subcostally, indistinct at middle; subapical blotch triangular. Cilia brownish, brown in costal
half, tinged rust terminally. Hindwing dark brown; cilia paler, greyer.
Male genitalia (Figs 7, 8). Uncus broad with proximal and posterior parts expanding
medially; sacculus gently convex near middle; aedeagus rather short.
250
Polish Journal of Entomology 77 (3)
Figs 1-10. Male genitalia of Choristneura HÜBNER and Procrica DIAKONOFF: 1, 2 – C. occidentalis
(WALSINGHAM), lectotype; 3, 4 – C. heliaspis (MEYRICK), Durban; 5, 6 – C. psoricodes (MEYRICK),
Jonkershoek; 7, 8 – P. pilgrima sp. n., holoyype; 9, 10 – P. mariepskopa sp. n., paratype, GS2 65.
RAZOWSKI J.: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from South Africa
251
Figs 11-15. Female genitalia of Choristneura HÜBNER and Procrica DIAKONOFF: 11 – C. occidentalis
(WALSINGHAM), paralectotype; 12 – C. heliaspis (MEYRICK), Durban; 13 – C. psoricodes (MEYRICK),
Graskop, Transvaal; 14, 15 – P. mariepskopa sp. n., paratype, GS 263.
252
Polish Journal of Entomology 77 (3)
Figs 16-22. Adults of Choristneura HÜBNER and Procrica DIAKONOFF: 16 – C. heliaspis (MEYRICK),
male, Nelspruit, Transvaal; 17 – same species, male, Port St Johns; 18 – same species, female, same
locality; 19 – C. psoricodes (MEYRICK), Jonkersville; 20 – C. pilgrima sp. n., holotype; 21 –
P. mariepskopa sp. n., holotype; 22 – same species, female paratype, GS 260.
RAZOWSKI J.: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from South Africa
253
Material examined
Holotype male:" Mariepskop Pilgrim's Rest Distr., 23-26. II. 1962, VARÍ & LELEUP";
GS 166 RSA. One male from Tsitsikama Goesabos Forestry, 1-13. III. 1980, SCOBLE &
KROON.
Procrica mariepskopa sp.n.
(Figs 21, 22)
Diagnosis
Comparable with C. parva RAZOWSKI, 2002 from Kenya and P. ophiograpta (MEYRICK, 1932) from Abyssinia but mariepskopa with hindwing pale cream, uncus slenderer,
and aedeagus shorter.
Description
Male. Wing span 13 mm. Head brownish, thorax pale yellowish brown. Forewing costa
curved to middle, termen straight, not oblique to vein M3. Ground colour pale ochreous
cream slightly mixed and sparsely strigulated with brownish; some dots brown. Markings
yellowish crown, darkest at costa; median fascia atrophying medially. Cilia brownish orange, cream at tornus. Hindwing pale yellowish cream; cilia cream.
Variation. Paler and darker speciens; a few with some parts of markings (maily at
costa) brown; median portions of markings atrophying.
Female. Wing span 17 mm. Basal third of forewing costa convex, remaining part
straight. Colouration as in male or more cream with dense brownish strigulation; terminal
part of wing cream. Markings weakly developed, preserved mainly at costa. Cilia paler than
in male. Costal scent organ of hindwing brownish with rust outer scales.
Variation as in males or forewing ground colour almost cream and markings pale
brownish yellow; in some specimens dark brown or black-brown suffusion along dorsum or
at tornus.
Male genitalia (Figs 9, 10). Uncus broadest medially, with basal third of rather slender,
terminal part tapering apically, pointed; sacculus weakly convex postbasally, with small
free termination; aedeagus moderate, tapering terminally; cornuti numerous slender spines.
Female genitalia (Fig. 14, 15). Proximal edge of anteostial sterigma weakly convex,
with small angles; lateral parts broad basally; sclerite of antrum short; ductus bursae fairly
long, without cestum; corpus bursae ovate, without signum.
Material examined
Holotype male (not dissected): "Mariepskop 15-24 III 1965, POTGIETER & E. V. SON"; 5
male and 6 females identically labelled; 5 males from same locality, Pilgrim's Rest, 23-26 II
Polish Journal of Entomology 77 (3)
254
1962, VARI & LELEUP; one pair from Mariepskop, 4 - 7 and 8 - 11 III 1974, L. & G. VARÍ, and
1 female from Mariti Forest, 4-7 III 1974, L. & G. VARÍ.
REFERENCES
BRADLEY J. D. 1965. Ruwanzori Expedition 1952 Volume II, Number 12 Microlepidoptera.Trustees
of the British Museum, London 3: 81 - 148.
CLARKE J. F. G. 1958. Catalogue of the type specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum
(Natural History) described by Edward MEYRICK. Trustees of the British Museum, London 3, 600
pp.
DIAKONOFF A. 1960. Tortricidae from Madagascar. Part. I Tortricinae and Chlidanotinae. Verh. K.
Ned. Akad. Wet., Natuurk. 1 - 209, pls 1 - 40.
FREEMAN T. N. 1967. On coniferophagous species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can.
Ent. 90: 449 - 455.
RAZOWSKI J. 1992. Comments of Choristoneura Lederer, 1859 and its species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). SHILAP Revta lepid. 20(77): 7 - 28.
RAZOWSKI J. 2002a. The genera of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) common for the Palaearctic and Afrotropical regions. Acta zool. cracov., 45(3): 197- 205.
RAZOWSKI J. 2002b. Notes on the Afrotropical archipine genus Procrica DIAKONOFF, 1960 with
description of three new species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). SHILAP Revta. lepid., 30(119):
235 - 238.
Received: July 18, 2008
Accepted: August 08, 2008