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Salt Water Bulbs at Night | Your GenSets Affects Our Power System
VOLUME XLIV 1ST QUARTER 2015
VOLUME XLIV 1ST QUARTER 2015
CONTENTS
14
ASEAN Integration: What’s in it
for Filipino Electrical Engineers?
20
EE Woman features
Luzita Mempin-Baccol
22
IIEE @ 40 Special Feature
24
A Multi-Cultural Photograph
29
Study in the Impact of Distributed
Generator (DG) Placement and
Sizing on a Ring Distribution Network
34
Sustainable Alternative Lighting
AEC 2015 Opportunities and Challenges
Chronicles of the IIEE Headquarters
Malaysia and Singapore in a traveler’s camera
Salt and water-powered lamp invented
6
Sign and
Seal Rights
Requires
Prudence
Engr. Beltran’s white
paper feedback
9
From the
Office of
the National
President
10
What’s the
News
11
What’s the
News
Brainiacs prevailed at
the National Student’s
Congress
Local Leaders
Grace North Luzon
Conference
Cagayan Valley Hosts
the NLRC
12
What’s the
News
IIEE Supports Fire
Prevention Month
Activities
You may brag about yourself,
but the only approval that counts
is the Lord’s approval.
ABOUT
THE COVER
integrity. innovation. empowerment. excellence.
2015 theme
IIEE @ 40: A JOURNEY OF SERVICE FOR EXCELLENCE
MEET THE TEAM
T H E E L E C T R I C A L E N G I N E E R E d it o rial B o ar d
Chairman
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Technical Consultant
Administrative Officer
Rolito C. Gualvez
Kristian Carlo B. Victorio
Marvin H. Caseda
Allan C. Nerves
Ramon P. Ayaton
Editorial Staff
editorial assistant/Layout
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS
CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER
Contributing graphic artist
Gelyn O. Lee
Angelina enriquez-Borican
SHEEN Irerick Seeckts
Amir Alipour, Christian Alexander C. Asis,
Jefferson Joseph P. Avanzado and
Michael C. Pacis
Maevelyn Calapardo
Justinberg C. Bantigue
PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE
Chairman
Vice Chairman
Members
Overseer
Rolito C. Gualvez
Ronald Vincent M. Santiago
Cyrus V. Canto
Marvin H. Caseda
Allan C. Nerves
MA. CRISTINA F. SANDOVAL
Erlindo C. Tacneng Jr.
Kristian Carlo B. Victorio
Joebe B. Panhilason
advertising and marketing
Marketing Support
It remains to be seen how the ASEAN integration
will really impact the economies of the member
countries and the whole landscape of the Southeast
Asian region. For the men and women of the EE
profession, the towering growth of our neighbors
opens door of prospect and challenges. Will it be
future perfect for Filipinos?
Volume XLIV
1ST Quarter 2 0 1 5
Apple June P. Ubay-Ubay
2015 IIEE BOARD OF GOVERNORS
National President
VP-Internal Affairs
VP-External Affairs
VP-Technical Affairs
National Secretary
National Treasurer
National Auditor
Governor-Northern Luzon
Governor-Central Luzon
Governor-Metro Manila
Governor-Southern Luzon
Governor-Bicol
Governor-Western Visayas
Governor-Eastern/Central Visayas
Governor-Northern Mindanao
Governor-Southern Mindanao
Governor-Western Mindanao
Executive Director
ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
MA. SHEILA C. CABARABAN
Larry C. Cruz
Florigo C. Varona
Joebe B. Panhilason
Florencio D. Berenguel
RAMON Z. GATCHALIAN JR.
NOEL T. FERNANDEZ
SALVADOR B. PERALTA
ROY Y. YUTUC
LYNDON R. BAGUE
ALBERTO R. HERRERA JR.
FERNANDO R. CRUZ
DANIEL C. CORCELLES
WILFREDO P. CANIZARES
PASTOR D. ABREGANA
JOSEPH DARREN CLAIRE S. SOLICAR
VICTOR P. FRIVALDO
Ramon P. Ayaton
Marjorie Aguinaldo-Muñoz
IIEE NATIONAL SECRETARIAT DEPARTMENT HEADS
Administrative-OIC
Technical
Marketing
Membership-OIC
Finance-OIC
Mary Ann B. Guillen
Ma. Elena U. Liongson
Allen M. Pido
ALMA C. LARCE
Emee F. Sulit
The Electrical Engineer is published quarterly by the Institute of Integrated
Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (IIEE), with editorial and business office at
#41 Monte de Piedad St., Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines.
Tel Nos. (632) 722-7383, 727- 3552, 412-5772, 414-5626, Fax Nos. (632) 721-6442 & 410-1899.
Website: www.iiee.org.ph; E-mail: [email protected].
For an e-copy, you may visit our website, www.iiee.org.ph
The present circulation of the magazine is 35,000 copies per issue to members and industry stakeholders.
MI S S ION
To deliver high-quality products and services in order
to instill excellence in the electrical practitioner, and
to enhance the technical profession to enable it to
make positive contributions to national development.
VI S ION
To be the best and most prestigious professional
technical organization in the Philippines.
PRINTING B Y :
LEXMEDIA DIGITAL
The views and opinions expressed by the contributors
of The Electrical Engineer magazine do not necessarily
reflect the views the editors and publishers of the magazine
or of Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the
Philippines, Inc. (IIEE). IIEE and the editorial board carry no
responsibility for the opinions expressed in the magazine.
Articles or visual materials may not be reproduced without
written consent from the publisher. The publisher reserves
the right to accept, edit, or refuse submitted materials for
publication. Articles, reactions, and feedback from readers
may be sent through email at [email protected].
FEEDBACK
Sign and Seal Rights Requires Prudence
Under the current RA 7920, there are three types of licensed Electrical practitioners in the Philippines, Professional
Electrical Engineer (PEE), Registered Electrical Engineer (REE) and Registered Master Electrician (RME). Statistically,
the number of PEEs have been very low compared to the number of REEs which signifies that a large portion of the
REE populace, probably, are unable to pursue such registration due to numerous factors: lack of motivation, lack of
required technical skills and experience, under-employment, overseas work, financial burden, etc.
Editor’s Note: The
Electrical Engineer
received a lengthy white
paper from the author
entitled ‘Improvement of
the Practice of Electrical
Engineering in the
Philippines.’ For the
interest of our readers,
we are publishing it
in four parts covering
topics on sign and seal
rights for REEs, furthering
IIEE membership
development, nonelectrical engineers
preparing electrical
plans, and House Bill
4325.
We welcome your
ideas, questions,
and photos.
Please send
your letters to
eemagazine@iiee.
org.ph.
The Electrical
Engineer reserves
the right to edit
articles for the
sake of clarity,
grammar, and
brevity.
There is also growing opposition
and dismay to RA 7920 provisions due to
lack of work opportunities, technical support
and accusations of corruption and monopoly.
There is also a collective demand to have
“equal footing between REEs and PEEs”
meaning, that REEs be allowed to sign and
seal electrical plans without limitation which
consequently suggests that there will only be
one electrical engineering title, not two.
A PEE is someone who complied with
RA 7920 requirements, is technically
experienced, competent and specialized on
a specific or several EE expertise. An REE
who has the same experience, competency
and with specialization may have “equally
technical footing” to that of a PEE.
However, an REE who is newly graduate and
who just passed the REE Board Examination
could NOT have an “equal technical footing”
to that of a PEE. An REE who was underemployed (meaning did not practice EE as
his work) could NOT have “equal technical
footing” to that of a PEE. If RA 7920 is
amended to allow equal technical footing
between REE and PEE, how will the public
distinguish the three types of REEs described
previously without making discriminatory
preferences? On the other hand, how will you
protect the public from being “guinea pigs” or
“lab rats” if they can’t distinguish or don’t care
at all?
After completion of BSEE, the
graduated will undergo overall technical
review and required to pass the written
examination as mandated by RA 7920. By
passing the REE board examinations, the
author assumes that the REE knows his EE
theories and principles based on the BSEE
course description completed. It does NOT
prove his ability and competence to apply
these theories and principles in REAL WORLD
applications wherein the safety and welfare
of the public is at stake. It would take the
either or a combination of the following to
develop his real world technical competence:
a. Sufficient technically relevant work
experience in the application of EE
principles and theories and PEC
compliance. This would be normally 3-4
years minimum (suggestive only)
b. Such work experience should be under
the supervision and mentorship of either
a PEE or an REE whose expertise and
experiences may be equal to that of a PEE.
c. In addition to item a, has undertaken
technical training and several technical
seminars.
The author wishes to emphasize
the importance of a good understanding on
the application of the PEC requirements. All
electrical plans of new electrical installations
should be strictly PEC compliant by default
and if necessary, code deviations should
be made. it should be supplemented by
the application of engineering theories,
calculations and technical safety. For
inexperienced REE, this would require
supervision and mentorship from an
experienced REE or PEE.
Prudence dictates that the
inexperienced REE should EARN RELEVANT
work experience to expand his knowledge
and competence in the application of
engineering theories and PEC in the realworld design and supervision/management.
In this case, if the REE is allowed to seal,
the author offers to allow REEs to sign/seal
electrical plans related to residential dwelling
utilizing 600 V and less (mostly lighting and
small power loads). It should be noted that the
author ONLY suggest the sealing of electrical
plans locally to the residential dwelling,
dominant in municipalities, rural areas and
subdivisions/large scale housing complexes
in cities.
The following are the suggested
set of conditions which should be complied
before the REE registration and license to seal
electrical plans associated with residential
dwelling units:
• For new BSEE graduates who passed
the REE board examinations, a minimum
of 3-4 years relevant technical work
experience, under the supervision of
a REE or PEE, should be attained after
passing the REE examinations.
• For BSEE graduates with relevant
technical work experience, under the
supervision of a REE/PEE prior to taking
the examinations (like in the case of some
RMEs), the REE can be given the authority
VI | VOLUME XLIV 1ST QUARTER 2015 IIEE.ORG.PH
to seal after passing the REE board examinations.
• Requirements will be reviewed by PRC and if approved
and REE board examinations is completed and passed,
REE license with the authority to seal residential
dwellings will be issued.
The required number of years is the author’s
suggestion and is based on that of the old Assistant
Electrical Engineer’s experience requirement before he can
qualify to be an Associate Electrical Engineer.
If the REE wishes to pursue the absolute EE scope (no
voltage limitation), he will pursue PEE registration and all its
current requirements + 5 years after REE license is issued.
IIEE may want to take charge of compiling the submitted
documentation related to the work experience and endorse
them to PRC.
The above suggested conditions aim to assure
public safety and welfare in the practice of EE by ensuring
that only qualified and competent engineers practice
the profession. Obtaining relevant technical experience
under the supervision of an experienced professional, the
applicant can gain sufficient competence before he will
be given the REE license and be allowed to seal electrical
plans of residential dwellings.
Once the REE license is obtained, the REE would
exercise his authority to the scope allowed with technical
autonomy and with utmost occupational satisfaction. This
will instill some motivation for the REE to continuously update
his capability through Continuing Professional Development
(CPD) and pursue the ultimate goal of becoming a PEE later.
Although not mainly emphasized by the author, allowing
the REEs to seal electrical plans, designs, etc., related to
residential dwellings would also alleviate the work and
financial opportunities of REEs and RMEs, who are BSEE
graduates, this will also encourage them to pursue to be
REEs.
The other option is to have only one Electrical
Engineer License provided the requirements described
in the above is implemented. This option will eventually
require numerous changes to the system which may result to
impractical and long conversions.
Graduated BSEE (1995) from the Mariano
About the Sender
Marcos State University (MMSU), Batac, Ilocos
Primo
G. Beltran, Jr.
Norte. Obtained his REE license in 1996, he
worked in electrical design, construction and
commissioning in the Philippines, Saudi Arabia
and Kuwait from 1996 to 2007 and worked
as Senior Electrical Engineer at WorleyParsons
Canada from 2007 to 2012, a Professional
Electrical Engineer of the Association of
Professional Engineers and Geologists of
Alberta (APEGA) and regular member of IEEE.
To date, he resides in Calgary, Alberta and is
employed as Lead Electrical Engineer at AMEC Foster Wheeler,
Oil and Gas Canada. He also conducts technical seminars
on substation engineering, power systems and protection/
coordination of industrial power systems.
You may reach him through e-mail at [email protected]
for future correspondences.
IIEE.ORG.PHVOLUME XLIV 1ST QUARTER 2015 | VII
EDITOR’S NOTE
ASEAN economic integration is just around the corner. IIEE have hosted seminars,
workshops, fora and discussions to make every EE practitioners ready on this. But
still questions linger: What is it really? What is it for us? What else can be done?
So here comes another issue
of our magazine, maintaining
its refreshed look, discussing
the talk of the town by
December 2015, the
integration of ASEAN
Economic Community. The
cover feature examines the
prospects and challenges of
its advent especially to you as EE practitioner. We asked five
professionals of what they think lies ahead of us and maybe
their answers are the same as yours, or give more light to your
understanding.
Another feature we are sharing with you is the SALT –
Sustainable Alternative Lighting. SALT is designed by our
colleague in De La Salle University-Lipa and is now making
waves in providing almost free lighting technology using salt
water in different marginalized communities in the Philippines
and as far as India.
Our quarter issue would not be complete without an inspiration
from our feminine professionals. Let’s have an up-close and
personal with Lucy Bacol, as she shares her plight in making a
name in a then male-dominated engineering career.
For our power system curious, we have in the technical section
a thorough investigation of the effects of distributed generator
to the power system, a concept that has been advocated by
IIEE and Department of Energy to address summer 2015
power supply issues. The research describes the changes
the generator brought in the performance and stability of the
power grid under different loading conditions.
On the last leaves, we tour you around two countries in the
Southeast Asia – Malaysia and Singapore – to acquaint to
their rich history and culture. Who knows, you will be the
next professional working in any of these two different, but
somewhat-feels-like-home neighbor.
So what else can be done? They say EE practitioners are
not leisure readers. They prefer to read technical reports,
accomplishment reports, data sheets and operations manual.
As much as we want to keep you updated, we want to make
you involve and on-board. After all this is your magazine.
We hope to give you a better alternative.
Kaycee V
Rectify
From the 4th quarter 2014 issue, the title of one of the articles for our cover feature has the wrong impression about the Institute’s position in the
anticipated power interruptions of the summer this year. The position paper, attributed to IIEE Former National Pres. Alex Cabugao and Council
of National Presidents Chair Rodolfo Ferrer, should bear the title IIEE Speaks: Support the Grid, Say Yes to ILP. The article outlines the proposed
measures of IIEE in securing uninterruptible electric power supply using the interruptible load program, Cabugao clarifies. Our apologies.
***
The Electrical Engineer welcomes comments and suggestions, or complaints about errors that warrant correction. You can send us message via
email to [email protected] or faxed to (632) 721-6442, 410-1899.
Angelina EnriquezBorican is a course
specialist of the
communication
and educational
management
progams of the PUP
Open University and
regular faculty in the
Journalism department
of the PUP College of
Communication. She
teaches research,
organizational
development and
journalism subjects.
Justinberg C. Bantigue,
currently finishing
his EE degree at the
Polytechnic University of
the Philippines. He is the
former lay-out artist and
editor-in-chief of the
Engineering Spectrum,
the official student
publication of PUP
College of Engineering.
Sheen Irerick Seeckts
is a creative writer
and a graduate from
the University of the
Philippines Film Institute.
The storyteller in her
dreams of touring
the world through a
backpacker’s point of
view, so she can further
explore the different
ways on how she can
express a wonderful
story with the use of
words.
Maevelyn Calapardo,
a freelance
videographer and
editor, is also a
graduate from the
University of the
Philippines Film Institute.
Also a backpacker
by heart, she uses her
camera to immortalize
scenes from her
travels. She is currently
exploring the other side
of the field to further
hone her storytelling
skills.
Michael C. Pacis is a
Registered Electrical
Engineer with a
BSEE and Master of
Engineering in Electrical
Engineering (M.Eng’gEE), major in Power
Systems from Mapua
Institute of Technology.
At present, he is a
full time EE faculty
member.
VIII | VOLUME XLIV 1ST QUARTER 2015 IIEE.ORG.PH
From the office
of the national
president
by MA. SHEILA C. CABARABAN
T
The Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines,
Inc. (IIEE) has made indelible mark in the profession and in the
industry for almost forty years now.
Enthused with ““esprit de corps” principle as the Institute’s
primary core this year, IIEE aspires to enjoin all members to serve
with sustained passion and commitment.
As we celebrate 40 years of selfless service for excellence,
we give back pride and honor to the people, places and
events that made indispensable contributions to professional
advancement of members and to national development. We will
commemorate people and events that shaped and propelled the
Institute to greater heights, spanned membership reach from 500
to over 40,000, established thought leadership and enhanced
membership programs.
Apart from gratitude, IIEE also initiates renewal of commitment
to the Vision and Mission of IIEE; turning our sworn statement
into active participation to the IIEE’s programs and advocacies
leading towards the Institute’s successful milestones.
Guided by the medium term strategic plan or Vision 2020, the
Board of Governors crafted national and regional action plans
aligned to the following key themes of the Institute.
1. Financial Growth and Sustainability-means optimizing
resources and expanding revenue opportunities and
continuously develop effective financial planning and control
2. Membership Engagement and Satisfaction-means
enhancing membership programs, utilizing technology
as enablers, advocating members to become PEE and
harnessing chapter talents
3. Corporate Branding-means developing and sustaining
corporate brand, enhancing regulatory influence, developing
pool of subject matter experts of resource persons which will
bring us to the fore of thought leadership.
4. Operational Excellence and Process Innovation-means
improving operational effectiveness, establishing people
program, creating new products and services and instituting
continuous process improvement
5. Program Management and Advocacy-means expanding
local and international linkages, enhancing advocacy
initiatives and establishing opinion process.
To ensure good relationship with government and other
regulatory agencies, IIEE’s Executive Committee initiated courtesy
visits purposely to discuss concerns related to the profession.
1. Hon. Carlos Jericho L. Petilla of Department of Energy on
January 14.
2. Hon. Angeline T. Chuachiaco and Hon. Florentino Doble
of Professional Regulation Commission on February 18 and
March 5.
3. Hon. Melinda L. Ocampo of Philippine Electricity Market
Corporation on March 17.
4. Hon. Edita S. Bueno of National Electrification Administration
on April 8.
IIEE, being represented by its officers and distinguished members,
participated in the recent two-day Competency Standard
Profiling Workshop conducted by Philippine Business for Education,
in partnership with Research Triangle Institute (RTI) which aims to
have the industry define the competencies of the discipline that
are more relevant to the electrical engineering profession.
The first-ever conference this year, 17th Northern Luzon Regional
Conference, hosted by Cagayan-Kalinga-Apayao-Batanes
Chapter, gathered over 200 delegates on March 13-14, 2015
at Hotel Carmelita, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan Valley.
Recently, the Board of Governors approved the new
composition of Technical Working Group (TWG) from various
sectors of electrical engineering profession to represent IIEE in
Congress for House Bill 4325 meetings/consultations.
IIEE.ORG.PHVOLUME XLIV 1ST QUARTER 2015 | 9
What’s the news
BRAINIACS Prevail at the national
students congress
T
he Council of Student Chapter unveiled the winners in this year’s 16th
NSCon held on February 19-21, 2015 at Meralco Multi Purpose Hall,
Meralco Compound, Ortigas Center, Pasig City. The NSCon conducted
series of seminars, 14th National Math Wizard, 28th National Quiz Show
and the Skills Olympics. The convention encourages the students to hone
their competence and intelligence.
Camarines Sur Polytechnic
College students as they
compete in the Skills Olympics.
From a vast pool of participants in the regional quiz shows only 3 university
reigned at the top of the National Quiz Show, namely—University of Batangas,
Polytechnic University of the Philippines Sto. Tomas, Batangas (first runner-up) and
Palawan State University (second runner-up.)
Concurrently, the National Math Wizard winners are Technological Institute of
the Philippines Manila as the champion, Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University Mid La Union Campus as
the first runner up and the Bicol University as the second.
Camarines Sur Polytechnnic College, took the championship in Skills Olympics while Manuel S. Enverga University
Foundation and Divine Word College of Legaspi placed first runner-up and second runner-up respectively. The skills
olympics shows that the students were not only able to do theoretical knowledge but also hands-on activities.
The Meralco Multi Purpose Hall full of participants.
Engr. Mark Duane P. Soriano as he
talks about Power Line Safety.
10 | VOLUME XLIV 1ST QUARTER 2015 IIEE.ORG.PH
Local Leaders Grace North Luzon Conference
C
onducted at Events Place, Hotel Carmelita, Tuguegarao City on March 12-14, 2015, the IIEE 17th Northern
Luzon Regional Conference was a success through the guidance of Northern Luzon Governor, Engr. Salvador
Peralta. It held series of technical presentations, product presentations and various exhibitions of products. The
conference was attended by Hon. Leonides “Odi” N. Faus, Vice Governor of Cagayan as the guest speaker and
Rev. Fr. Ranhilio C. Aquino as the keynote speaker.
The official cutting of ribbon
during the opening ceremonies.
Participants attentively listen during
the opening ceremonies.
CAGAYAN DE ORO HOSTS 19TH NMRC
T
he Institute of Integrateed Electrical Engineers
Cagayan de Oro Chapter hosted the Northern
Mindanao regional conference on April 9-11, 2015 at
Limketkai Luxe Hotel, Limketkai Center, Cagayan de Oro
City, The event was spearheaded by Engr. Pastor D.
Abregana as the Northern Mindanao governor and
Engr. Julius A. Waga as the Cagayan de Oro Chapter
president.
Awarding of Plaques during the conference.
Hon. Oscar S. Moreno, Cagayan de
Oro City Mayor as he deliver his speech
during the conference.
What’s the news
IIEE supports Fire Prevention Month activities
The IIEE, through the Electrical Safety
Committee headed by Chairman Hipolito
A. Leoncio, joined several firefighters and
members of fire volunteer groups from
various sectors and regions as well as civic
groups and students that walked the streets
of Quezon City in the wee hours of the
morning in support of the Bureau of Fire
Protection’s (BFP) unity walk last March 3.
The BFP has called on different sectors for
cooperation in raising public awareness on
fire safety and its impact to everyone’s lives
and property.
The IIEE team posed for the unity walk.
The activity, which is a part of the the BFP’s
month-long celebration of the Fire Safety Month, started in front of the BFP Headquarters in Agham Road and
ended at the Quezon City Memorial Circle.
With this year’s theme “Kaligtasan sa Sunog: Alamin, Gawin at Isabuhay Natin!,” the BFP hopes to impart to the
public that being aware is not enough and that everyone should take action in preventing fire incidents to happen.
A short program followed the unity walk wherein several firetrucks and ambulances from Japan were officially
donated and turned over to the BFP.
Department of Interior and Local Government Secretary Mar A. Roxas was the keynote speaker of the program. In
his speech, Sec. Roxas emphasized that the BFP is now looking at the long term solution to the fire incidents problem
being encountered by the country on a yearly basis.
In line with its safety
advocacy, the IIEE
Bukidnon Chapter conducted
an electrical safety seminar
on March 20, 2015 in
Valencia City, Bukidnon.
The crowd gathered at Quezon City Circle
during the program.
ASEAN
INTEGRATION:
WHAT’S IN IT
FOR FILIPINO
ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERS?
Words by Angelina Enriquez-Borican
Illustrations by
he 39th Annual National Convention
of the Institute of Integrated Electrical
Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. held November
last year focused on the vibrant opportunities
awaiting our engineers when the Association
of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic
Integration is completed. However, with these
prospects, are challenges that need careful evaluation
and appropriate actions.
As we move toward a regional integration, let us explore
what the ASEAN Integration means and what are in store for
our Filipino electrical engineering practitioners when it is
finally completed by end of this year.
N:
The ASEAN Integration
The ASEAN Integration is a product of the ASEAN Vision 2020,
first conceptualized by the South East Asian Leaders at the
Kuala Lumpur Summit in December 1997, with the goal of
transforming ASEAN into a “stable, prosperous, and highly
competitive region with equitable economic development,
and reduced poverty and socio-economic disparities.”
O
In October 2003, during the Bali Summit in Indonesia, ASEAN
Leaders declared that the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)
shall be the goal of regional economic integration by 2020,
aside from two additional pillars, namely ASEAN Security
Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community.
However, during the 12th ASEAN Summit held in Cebu,
Philippines in January 2007, the Leaders agreed to accelerate
the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community
by 2015 and to transform ASEAN into a region with free
movement of goods, services, investment, skilled labor, and
freer flow of capital.
This decision by the South East Asian countries caused
mixed reactions especially on what should be done within
the next eight years to meet this “ambitious” declaration.
Fast forward to year 2015, experts are still in discussions on
what has been achieved and the impact of this integration
to the member countries.
ns by Justinberg C. Bantigue
Photos from Copper Alliance, HEMs, PRC, Freepik.com public domain, www.pond5.com, asean.aim.edu, PTC, ASEAN-Shine
Cover story
The Philippines, for its part, is an active and a staunch
supporter of the ASEAN Integration. President Benigno S.
Aquino III, in a statement he made during the Philippine
Investment Forum last March 24, 2015, mentioned that the
“ASEAN is a formidable economic force,” thus, considering
its size, he believes that if the region is just one country,
it would create a 2.4 trillion dollar economy. “This is
precisely why, as ASEAN integration takes full effect, the
Philippines is taking every possible measure to take on
a more dynamic economic role in the region,” President
Aquino emphasized.
especially our engineers, to facilitate their movement
within the region. And the Philippines has a lot to gain
from this development as the country has become a
major source of skilled labor and professionals who have
strong advantages because of high education attainment,
skills, language proficiency, and work ethics.
What are we really expecting?
As mentioned by Labor Secretary Rosalinda DimapilisBaldoz during the 5th Asian Business Summit last
September 2014, “… [the] Philippines remains a top
origin country of migrant workers going to destinations
outside the ASEAN… An estimated four million Filipino
workers have found contractual work in almost 200
countries and territories--as engineers, teachers, medical
and health professionals, workers in the services sectors,
and production workers.” Another important outcome of
the integration is the endorsement of Mutual Recognition
Arrangements or MRAs on key services such as engineering,
medical and dental practitioners, architectural services,
and accountancy services to name a few.
The AEC is the end-goal of the economic integration
espoused in the ASEAN Vision 2020. It will establish ASEAN
as a single market and production base, making ASEAN
more dynamic and competitive with new mechanisms and
measures to strengthen the implementation of its existing
economic initiatives; accelerating regional integration
in the priority sectors; facilitating
movement of business persons, skilled
This decision by the
labor and talents; and strengthening the
South East Asian
institutional mechanisms of ASEAN.
“
Considering this end goal, the AEC is
particularly envisioning the realization of
four pillars, namely: (a) a single market and
production base, (b) a highly competitive
economic region, (c) a region of equitable
economic development, and (d) a region
fully integrated into the global economy.
countries caused
mixed reactions
especially on what
should be done
within the next
eight years to meet
this “ambitious”
declaration.
Of these pillars, what will definitely have
an impact to the engineering profession
is the creation of a single market and
production base in the ASEAN community, comprised
of five core elements: (i) free flow of goods; (ii) free flow
of services; (iii) free flow of investment; (iv) freer flow of
capital; and (v) free flow of skilled labor.
First, it is expected that the integration will substantially
remove restrictions to ASEAN services suppliers in
providing services and in establishing companies across
national borders within the region, subject to domestic
regulations. As Finance Secretary Cesar Purisima once
said, “In an integrated ASEAN, mobility of labor will be
important.”
To manage the mobility or movement of persons engaged
in trade in goods, services, and investments, ASEAN will
“facilitate the issuance of visas and employment passes for
ASEAN professionals and skilled labor who are engaged in
cross-border trade and investment related activities.”
Thus, it will become easier for local workers, most
”
“MRAs are instruments that recognize the
education, experience, and qualifications
of a person regardless of where such
credentials were obtained,” DimapilisBaldoz explained.
Fortunately, the MRA for Engineering
Services was the first to be finalized
on December 2005 in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia, even before the decision to
move the economic integration to an
earlier timeline. The said arrangement
has facilitated the mobility of engineering
services professionals, and the exchange
of information to promote adoption of
best practices on standards and qualifications.
This MRA allowed engineers to be emplaced on the
ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineers Register (ACPER)
and accorded the title of ASEAN Chartered Professional
Engineer (ACPE). This is aside from the professional license
obtained by Filipino engineers from the Professional
Regulations Commission (PRC).
Opportunities and Challenges
The ASEAN Economic Community opens more doors for
Filipino professionals and fellow engineers in seeking
better opportunities to neighboring countries in the
region. As the Philippines produces significant number of
graduates in the field of business, medicine, education,
engineering and information technology every year
(403,120 in 2011 according to the Commission on Higher
Education or CHED), the AEC could contribute 3.1 million
jobs in the Philippines.
Ask the Professionals
We asked five EE professionals from various fields on their take regarding the
ASEAN integration and this is how they see the Philippines beyond 2015.
Fortunato
Leynes,PEE,
Vice President,
Manila Electric
Company
Rowena Cristina
Guevarra, Phd, REE,
Undersecretary,
Department
of Science and
Technology
Victor Jabile, RME,
Electrical Officer,
MV Costas L.
(Carribean)
Aprilyn
Panganiban,RME,
Project Engineer,
RAI Contractor Ltd.
(Papua New Guinea)
Rodolfo N.
Ferrer,PEE,AE,
President,
RN Ferrer and
Associates
What is your
understanding of
ASEAN integration?
The ASEAN economic
integration is the free
flow of goods, services,
investment capital and
skilled labor in the region.
While tariffs and non-tariff
barriers will be reduced,
this will have implications
for intra-regional trade
and investment.
On December 31, 2015,
the ASEAN economic
integration will formally
commence, whereby
goods, professionals and
capital will flow freely
among ASEAN memberstates.
ASEAN integration is
a socio-economic plan
to narrow the gap of
economic development
amongst members via
synchronize general
populace development
and promotion of
competitiveness amongst
local products and
services.
My understanding on
ASEAN Integration is
synchronizing the level
of profession in ASEAN
countries.
ASEAN integration
means the establishment
of a common market for
products and services.
What do you think
are the effects
of the ASEAN
integration to the
electrical engineering
profession,
specifically in your
current field of
practice?
The effects of the ASEAN
integration will be quite
minimal as we are even in
demand in the neighboring
ASEAN countries. The
electric distribution systems
of the neighboring ASEAN
countries are not quite
advanced when compared
with the Philippines.
There will be more
opportunities for electrical
engineers in ASEAN,
and collaboration will be
encouraged within the
profession and with other
professionals.
There will be more
competitions amongst
electrical practitioner
because all ASEAN
member states will open
its door to all professionals.
It is on our competitive
advantage. Whenever
we go to other countries
under ASEAN, our job title
will be the same as our
job title in the Philippines.
Racial discrimination will
be avoided. There will be
fair and just compensation
of work whatever your
nationality is.
Subject to compliance with
local laws and regulations,
engineers from all ASEAN
countries can now practice
their profession in any
member country.
How do you see
yourself, the
company you
belong, or the field
of practice you are
engaged into in the
arena of integrated
market of Southeast
Asia? Do you see
stiffer competition,
misplace talents?
Manila Electric Company,
as an electric distribution
company, is not in any
way threatened by
the ASEAN economic
integration and neither do
we see a displacement/
misplacement of talents.
The Philippines’
professionals will be
competitive in the ASEAN
since we have been
practicing globally for
quite some time now as
evidenced by the number
of EEs among OFWs.
The objective the
proponent of House bill
4325 is “in order for the
Philippines to cope for
the ASEAN Integration”.
Once RA 7920 will be
repealed RMEs like me
will be stripped of our
professional title and
opportunities abroad.
I think it would be a stiffer
competition because
based on experience,
Filipinos are known to have
greater knowledge and
expertise among other
countries. The quality of
our work has already a
reputation on skills and
workmanship that other
countries are looking for.
Disadvantaged due to lack
of supportive government
programs, particularly of
funding and promotions,
burdensome regulations,
and uncompetitive tax
rates. The bigger arena
although presents more
opportunities than threats.
Define the Filipino
EE practitioner in the
advent of ASEAN
integration. What
values do they have
to possess? What
skills they need to
enhance or to have?
The Filipino electrical
engineers will continue to
be competent, diligent and
even better compared with
the electrical engineers
in the neighboring
ASEAN countries. In fact,
because of shortage of
talents in some of the
more progressive ASEAN
neighbors, we are even in
demand to fill up the gap
in their labor market.
The Filipino electrical
engineer will be the same,
but to be competitive in
ASEAN, s/he will need
the qualifications/values/
skills of ASEAN Engineers,
as defined in the ASEAN
Engineering Register.
We need to seriously
review our self-imposed
delineation among
engineering professions as
defined by our EE Law, ME
Law, ChE Law, etc.
Maintain their dedication
to their profession and
field of work, they must
possess abundant
knowledge and skill,
continuous studies and
to learn more as the
technology evolve and
improve.
It is natural for us to be
competitive, madiskarte,
and God-fearing. Filipino
EEs must enhance their
design skills (building
establishments, power
plant, automation, etc.),
economically but not
sacrificing the best quality
they can offer for a
particular project.
We must have integrity
and a drive towards
excellence which has
always been the goal of
the IIEE.
What is the future
of EE profession in
ASEAN integration?
Because of the level of
The value chain for
For now, I don’t have any I see that the ASEAN
The EE profession should
the electrical engineering industries where EEs work idea what can happen in integration would be
be dominant influence
education and the
will be completed with the the profession. But we can a great advantage for
in the ASEAN region.
competence and skills
ASEAN integration. The
benchmark and re-trace
us. The quality of our
Promoting the EE profession
of licensed electrical
opportunities to practice
ourselves in the lessons of works would be known.
alone will not bring
practitioners in the
the profession in higher
the European Union.
There would be a fair
the economic benefits
Philippines, I believe the
value added activities will
compensation of our
derive from the ASEAN
EE profession has a great abound. Thus, the future of
service and there would
integration. We must have
future in the ASEAN
EE profession is quite bright
be no discrimination with
on board all the other
IIEE.ORG.PHVOLUME
XLIV 1ST QUARTER
2015 to| complete
17
economic integration.
in the ASEAN integration.
other nationalities.
professionals
the picture.
Cover story
An International Labor Organization (ILO) joint study with
the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has even recognized
in 2014 that demand for high-skilled employment could
also increase by 60 percent.
However, the engineering industry is facing two important
challenges here, according to Rafael Nestor Mantaring,
head of Design and Development for Asia of Integrated
Microelectronics, Inc.
First, talent mobility within the ASEAN may result to an
exodus of workers from Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei,
Thailand and maybe even Indonesia. For him, “This
could strain local industries, especially SMEs that cannot
afford to pay engineers as much as large corporations
and multinationals.” Therefore, the industry must learn to
cope with this.
Prof. Federico Macaranas, during the IIEE 39th Annual
National Convention last year shared that the Philippines
has a steady supply of engineering graduates, at around
49,000 a year, while the number of licensed engineers are
slightly increasing. But he emphasized that the share of
engineering graduates to the total graduates has been
decreasing, according to the CHED. Therefore, brain drain
might potentially ensue.
“In 2010, there are 12,685 newly licensed Filipino engineers.
In the same year, more than 16,000 Filipino engineers left
the country for overseas employment,” Macaranas said.
But still, Macaranas is optimistic that these realities will
eventually turn positively for the country. “The global
war for talent is diffusing local engineers and could stifle
innovation in the domestic front. There is a need to keep
them abreast with these issues and invest energies turning
these challenges to economic opportunities,” he said.
To do this, the country should employ PEEs, REEs,
and RMEs for national development agenda. Keeping
engineering talents at home relies on making engineering
relevant to development and the capacity of the local
industry to provide competitive compensations.
Another challenge for Filipino engineers is to remain
competitive for they are expected to be benchmarked or
even compared against other engineers in the region. “It
is therefore incumbent upon the educators and trainers
among us to keep the engineers we produce current with
the times,” Mantaring explained.
A World Economic Forum (WEF) Global Competitiveness
Report in 2013-2014 showed that the Philippines ranks
23rd out of 26 countries assessed on the quality of Math
and Science education in schools. Therefore, the need
to improve the engineering education program in the
country.
For Macaranas, “education and leadership training remain
vital for shaping a ready workforce for an ever-competitive
landscape.” There is a need to reengineer education that
is relevant and globally benchmarked by complementing
this with leadership training programs that will keep our
engineers abreast of the development issues.
Silver Lining
It remains to be seen how the ASEAN Economic community
will really impact the economies of the member countries
and the whole landscape of the ASEAN Community.
For PEEs, REEs, RMEs, there are surely more opportunities
when the integration has been finally completed by end of
this year. As the ASEAN Integration widens opportunities
for workers in the whole region, electrical professionals
also need to take the pressure of improving the engineering
profession.
The potential is huge and the benefits are tremendous.
However, the Philippines has to innovate and become
more flexible in terms of providing our local talents the
domestic opportunities so that the country will not suffer
from the widening opportunities outside. The global war
of talent is becoming worrisome. A vibrant Philippine
economy should generate suitable jobs for Filipino talents
to remain in the country.
Lastly, Filipino engineers have to stay competitive and
find better ways to do our jobs. Surely, the competition in
the region will become tougher and tighter going to the
final stage of the ASEAN integration.
ee woman
Luzita P. Mempin-Baccol
CALL HER
Baby or Lucy
My Life Mantra is:
People should always strive to do better than what he has accomplished so
far. That means continuously studying on how to improve his or her trade.
PEople assume I’m:
Bossy, arrogant and hard to please.
But I’m really:
Down to earth, soft-hearted and easy to please.
I’m secretly good at:
Convincing people and negotiating with delinquent employees.
I’M INTO:
Reading, cooking, playing computer games.
My interests are:
Exploring the wonders of the world and travelling to scenic places.
My goals are:
To be a respectable electrical engineer and be able to impart to my fellow
engineers the value of professionalism and good service to humanity.
The reason why I becAme an engineer:
I became an engineer by accident only. I wanted to become a doctor when
I was young, but my parents cannot afford to send me to medical school. My
father, an ME/EE graduate and a professor at that time convinced me to take
EE. At first, I hated the idea, but insistently enrolled me at FEU Technology. I
was not serious in my studies then, because I planned to shift. My professors
then convinced me and even assisted me in my subjects and they became my
friends. I was ashamed to let them know that I do not like my course.
What have you done for IIEE?
During my stay at IIEE, I was very idealistic. I tried to give proper directions to
the employees while I was the electrical secretary to arouse the productivity
instinct. I was also the one who spearheaded the expansion of the
organization of the exhibit bureau into the electrical, energy and electronics
or 3EXPO, which until now they are applying. When I was chairman of
the exhibit bureau, I really went out of my way convincing top electrical
manufacturers and suppliers to join the exhibits. Thus, the 3EXPO became an
income producing set up for IIEE.
How has IIEE helped you?
This is I learned that we professional should not be enemies in our trade
but rather we should complement each other’s shortcomings. As electrical
engineers, we have our own mission in the development and growth of
our country, so we should not fight, everybody has his own place, and
responsibility to accomplish.
Invading a
male-Dominated
Profession
Up-close and Personal with Lucy Baccol
The greatest asset a woman can have is:
Being an electrical engineer, I have invaded what used to be a male
dominated world. I believe that the greatest asset I had as a woman that
made me where I am now is my CHARM. The work I have to do combined
with charm becomes easy and acceptable. At first, the male engineers will
not give an edge, but when they realized that we can our work easy through
charm, then it becomes acceptable to them that we are not enemies but allies.
The Solar Entertainment Network’s consultant
explains how she thrives in a male-dominated
profession.
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Fluke. Keeping Your World
Up and Running.
Special feature: IIEE@40
A
s the IIEE celebrates its Ruby years, The Electrical Engineer brings you the things you
probably don’t know about our institute. In this issue, we’ll tackle about our home.
The story of the IIEE building started way back at its
first headquarters at 1438 San Marcelino St., Ermita,
Manila. It was a small room shared with PAMEE,
PSME and PSEE. Subsequently, a 10 sq. m. room for
lease at Centroid, Inc. along Quezon Blvd. Extension,
Quezon City served as IIEE’s administrative center for
six years since 1976.
In 1983, as the rental contract was about to expire,
the board decided to move at the Florenter Building
in front of the National Irrigation Authority (NIA)
along E. delos Santos Avenue, Quezon City. One unit,
measuring about 60 sq. m, was not enough for frequent
meetings and activities.
The first Professional Electrical Engineering
License holder, Engr. Gabriel Daza, with Quezon
City Mayor Adelina S. Rodriguez sponsored
the IIEE Building Cornerstone laid during the
ceremonies on Nov. 12,1985.
The groundbreaking rites for the
proposed three-storey IIEE building
took place on August 15, 1987 with then
Public Works and Highways Secretary
Juanito N. Ferrer as one of the guests.
Thus, fund-raising activities,
solicitations and contributions came
pouring in. The Board even asked for
a permission to borrow some money
from the Life Membership trust fund.
This results to proceed with the initial
phase of the construction.
Who’s who in the design of the IIEE office?
Architectural Plan- Arch. Susan M. Rebaño
Electrical Plan- Engr. Meleusipo E. Fonollera
Sanitary/Plumbing Plan- Engr. Antonio A. Mansueto
Structural Plan- Engr. Guadalupe O. Mansueto
Construction Company- Inphase Construction Company, Inc.
(Left to Right)
Willington K.K.C Tan,
Rafael Florentino,
Guadalupe Mansueto,
Antonio Mansueto
Chronicles of the IIEE Headquarters
Construction started officially on
September 1, 1987. After all the
efforts, the ground floor was finally
inaugurated on March 12, 1988.
On the following year, the second
floor was finished before the end of
Engr. Rafael F. Florentino’s term.
The work was followed through up
to the completion of the third floor
in 1990 under the leadership of then
President Willington K.K.C Tan.
The three-storey IIEE building was
inaugurated on May 12, 1990 with
Rep. Nikki M.L. Coseteng as the
Guest of Honor.
In succeeding years, there’s an urgency
to expand the development of IIEE
infrastructure. And so it happened on
September 15, 1999 during IIEE’s 24th
Founding Anniversary, the fourth floor
and annex building were constructed.
The 5 storey annex building was
formally inagurated on the 14th day
of Dec. 2012 by Engr. Francisco L.
Viray, PhD. The renovation started
on April 14, 2012 to Dec. 14, 2012.
The establishment of IIEE Foundation on
Oct. 26, 1998 steered to the procurement
of 640 square meters lot adjacent to the
IIEE Building along the Monte de Piedad
Street (formerly Arizona), Cubao, Quezon
City. Incidentally, the owner, Mrs. Rosario
C. Flores was put it on sale. She happened
to be the sister of Engr. Mario Cruel, an
IIEE member and former SPECS president.
After a year of negotiations, IIEE was finally
acquired the said property on May 5, 1999.
There are claims of eerie experience
inside our headquarters. Don’t worry;
they just don’t want to be out of place.
Consisting of five floors, the new office would be bigger
with more rooms for members.
The ground floor will serve as a parking lot, IIEE shop
and an area for membership. The second floor would
have a canteen/dining area, a library and rooms that
would accommodate members who would want to stay
for a night or two.
The third floor would include the administration office,
national president office, ExeCom room, National Board
room and two lecture rooms that would be used for
trainings and seminars. On the fourth and fifth floors,
there would an auditorium and testing facility for
IIEE Foundation on each floor. Indeed, our legendary
building is intended as a form of solid investment that
stands with time through leaps and bounds.
Travel
A Multi-Cultural Photograph
Malaysia and Singapore in a traveler’s camera
The tracks mingling
with the greens.
Words by Sheen Irerick Seeckts Photos by Sheen Irerick Seeckts and Maevelyn Calapardo
O
n the far corners of a photograph are limestone caves beautifully lit by the rising sun. A towering
minaret and the statue of Hindu god, Murugan compete with Petronas over the horizon. An
enormous Buddhist temple oversees Chinatown, where the Merlion statue stands proudly. A jampacked train passes by, filled with Malays, Indians, Chinese and Muslims braving the Kuala Lumpur and
Singapore rush hours.
With its wide range of destinations both for the city-dwellers and the nature-trippers, Malaysia and
Singapore are a few of those countries, which can extract the most multi-cultural photographs out of a
traveler’s camera.
A group of horse statues lead
guests to the statue of Lord Rama at the Ramayana Cave.
CAVING WITH THE HINDU GODS
The famous Batu Caves, located north of
Kuala Lumpur, offers shrines dedicated to
Hindu gods, with a touch of limestone cave
adventure. Near the entrance, statues of Lord
Hanuman, the Hindu monkey god, and Lord
Rama, the seventh incarnation of Lord Vishnu,
lead guests to the Ramayana Cave. Inside the
well-lit limestone walls are creative depictions
of the events narrated in the Indian epic story,
Ramayana. At the far end of the limestone
complex is a 140-feet steel colossus, considered
to be the world's largest statue of Lord
Murugan, the Hindu god of Tamil Nadu, India.
After the sacred visits, one can
make a detour to the Dark Caves.
Educational tours are offered to
introduce guests to the 100-year old
fauna living inside the cave, including
the remaining species of the Trapdoor
Spider, known to be confined only at
Batu Caves. For adrenalin enthusiasts,
an adventure tour is offered, wherein
visitors experience the wetter and
wilder side of the cave.
APPRECIATING ISLAM
The National Mosque of Malaysia
enjoys a strategic location near the
railway station and botanical garden.
The mosque is a representation
of Malaysia’s thirteen states and
Islam’s five pillars, as depicted in
the eighteen-point star roofing.
Beside the mosque is the sleeklydesigned 240-feet high minaret.
Also known as the Masjid Negara,
the holy place employs strict rules
in terms of clothing, especially for
Non-Muslim guests. Because of
this, mosque personnel lend robes
and headscarves at the entrance.
Footwears are not allowed inside.
Next to it is the Main Prayer Room
and its pleated ceiling, which directly
reflects the eighteen-point star of
the roof. There is also a mausoleum
housing the remains of important
people.
A scene from Ramayana.
Limestone formations
inside the cave.
Lord Murugan, beside the stairs
leading to the Cathedral Cave.
The Minaret.
The Mausoleum.
A sweet blend of warm and cold hues inside
the Main Prayer Room.
SECRET RENDEZVOUS
One’s trip to Malaysia will not be
complete without seeing the world’s
tallest twin towers: the Petronas.
The 88-storey skyscraper offers
intricate patterns of glass and
stainless steel, which is viewed
best when the night lights start to
play around the famous giants. A
special viewing area is located at
34th to 36th Floors of the Menara
KH building in the shopping district
of Bukit Bintang. The Heli Lounge
Bar opens at the 34th floor, offering
a variety of food and drinks with an
aeronautically-inspired surroundings.
Two flights of stairs from there is the
helicopter landing pad which offers
an astonishing 360-degree view of the
Kuala Lumpur nightscape, with the
Petronas standing out from the rest.
The Petronas Twin Towers at Night.
And just a friendly note, there are no
railings, walls or any safety barricade
around the helipad for it is fully
operational during the day. It will be
best to stay at the inner circles for
safety purposes.
Travel
INTERCITY EXPRESS
After enjoying a picturesque Kuala
Lumpur, a trip to the southern tip of
the Peninsular Malaysia can bring one
into another cultural city.
Singapore is just a one-hour flight
from Kuala Lumpur but if one is the
type who enjoys sceneries at eyelevel, then a train ride is a better
alternative. KTM Intercity offers direct
railway trips from Kuala Lumpur to
Penang, Thailand and Singapore.
At around 34 Malaysian ringgits (or
around 420 Philippine pesos), one
can already enjoy his or her eighthour ride with a comfortable reclining
seat in a second-class air-conditioned
wagon. This diesel-powered local
train also boasts of giving guests a
smooth transition of sceneries from
urban tracks to rural stations and then
back to the metro landscape.
The train starts from the
transportation hub of Kuala Lumpur
Sentral Station to the pre-war
building in Seremban station.
Greens start to appear at Rembau,
in the state of Negeri Sembilan, and
gradually increase, overpowering
the establishments, up to Chamek
Railway Station. Around halfway
through the state of Johor, concrete
begins to mingle again with the trees
at Kluang, and eventually fill up all
the space, eating all the greens, as
the train finally enters the modern
cultural city of Singapore, through the
Woodlands Station.
and rooftop, the temple is home
to more than a hundred statues of
Buddha. The sacred compound
of almost 3,000 square meters also
accommodates a bell tower, a drum
tower, several kinds of guardians
and Buddhist sutras, a sacred light
hall, a pagoda and a prayer wheel.
Unfortunately, taking of photographs
is prohibited inside the holy place.
A guardian situated at the entrance of
BTRTM.
A CHILD ONCE AGAIN
Diversity among Singapore’s citizens
is not only evidenced in religion but
in pop culture as well. Along Seah
Street, above Mr. Punch Restaurant
& Winebar, comes a secret garden of
nostalgia where everyone can feel like
a child again.
The MINT or the Moment of
Imagination and Nostalgia with Toys
Museum showcases the rarest vintage
toys from over 40 countries around
the world.
Toys, toys and more toys.
Inside KTM Intercity.
THE BUDDHA’S TOOTH
Buddhism, as one of Singapore’s
major religions, is being practiced by
almost three-fifths of the population.
Because of this, 27 sacred temples
are present in the entire island state.
And one of them boasts, not only of
being designed after the Chinese
Tang Dynasty arts and culture, but
also of keeping a tooth relic of the
Buddha.
Located at South Bridge Road in
Chinatown District, the Buddha Tooth
Relic Temple and Museum (BTRTM)
is specifically built to provide shelter
to a holy tooth relic recovered from a
fallen stupa in Myanmar.
Having a total of seven floors,
including the basement, mezzanine,
The dolls and the doll-maker, Michael Lee.
This magnificent assemblage of toys, amounting to
almost five million Singaporean dollars, belongs to Mr.
Chang Ya Fa. His collection spans from the only known
exisiting pieces in the world to the very first creations of
famous toy-makers.
Some of the rarities that are displayed here are: a
Batman Magic Slate Printing Plate; a transparent plastic
Dan Dare water-pistol; a Steiff Musical Bonzo from the
1930’s; and a battery-operated Popeye Rollover tank. All
are the only ones of their kind in the world.
Bumblebee.
The museum also keeps the first two handmade dolls,
created in 1946 and 1948, by Hong Kong doll-maker,
Michael Lee.
Mr. Chang Ya Fa also owns a rare Please Please Me
record which contained autographs of the four Beatles
legends.
The museum also has a shop which sells vintage toys
including a box set of 1997 Japan edition Sailormoon
collectible cards and a 1990 Japan edition Ultraman
figure.
UNIVERSALLY YOURS
Western pop culture, in the form of the Universal Studios
theme park, has also found a spot in the multi-cultural
picture of Singapore. Known to be the first in Southeast
Asia, the park contains rides and attractions featuring
some of the best movies from Hollywood like Jurassic
Park, Revenge of the Mummy, Transformers, and even
some animated box-office hits like Shrek and Despicable
Me.
But it seems like another group of citizens are working
its way to be included in the said cultural photograph.
Filipinos are starting to create a name in Singapore, with
the dance group called Rockafellas 3.
The group members displays their talents outside Palace
Worldwide Premier, one of the establishments along
the New York area of the theme park. Their splendid
backflips and dance moves, when coupled with their
signature Pinoy wits and humor, never fail to make the
multi-national crowd laugh.
On the upper portion of another multi-cultural
photograph comes a night sky colored with fireworks
shooting from Universal Studios Singapore. Malays are
now safe inside their homes after braving the afternoon
rush hour. Indians are now preparing curry for dinner
while the Chinese roast the Peking ducks to perfection.
The Muslims, on the other hand, are cooking a Halal
meal.
Indeed, Malaysia and Singapore are melting pots of
the richest cultures in the world. Though once been
under a Western rule, these two nations are proud
representations of the East, ready to bring guests to
destinations that are genuinely Asia.
The Pinoy group Rockafellas 3 and their audience.
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TECHNICAL
Study in the Impact of Distributed
Generator (DG) Placement and Sizing
on a Ring Distribution Network
h by g
Amir Alipour, Christian Alexander C. Asis,
Jefferson Joseph P. Avanzado and Michael C. Pacis
Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, Mapua Institute of Technology
Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila, Philippines
Abstract— The increasing demand of electrical energy in our
country requires an increase in the generation part of the
power system and this leads to an increase in the amount
of distributed generation on the power system. Distributed
generator (DG) provides electric power to a specific location
near to the customers and it eliminates the unnecessary
transmission and distribution costs. Due to the penetration
of distributed generators to the power system, the power
system will experience a drastic change on its performance
and stability. A thorough investigation is needed so that the
researcher can analyze the effect of distributed generators
in a meshed distribution network particularly to determine the
best distributed generators’ placement and rating. System
performance during normal and abnormal conditions can
be further analyzed using computer software. Simulating a
46-Bus meshed network, load flow analysis is done to check
the voltage limit values. Different cases were considered,
having no distribution generators in the power system as the
reference case. To further investigate the effect of distributed
generators’ penetration on the system performance of a 46Bus meshed network, the researchers looked into the fault
current contribution of distributed generators at different fault
points in the system using short circuit analysis and transient
stability analysis. Also, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test
is used as a statistical treatment to examine if the effect of
distributed generators’ penetration of the system is large
enough compared to the base case.
Keywords—Distributed Generation, Renewable Energy, 46-Bus
Meshed Network, ETAP
I. Introduction
In all distribution generations, if any fault occurs in the system of
generation, it might have different influences to the distribution
generations and substations depending on the distance of the
fault to the DGs (Distributed Generators). The penetration of DGs
to a distribution network results in losing radial configuration and
consequently losing the existing protection coordination among
protective devices along with the decreasing reliability of the
system. By knowing how DG influences the short circuit protection of
mesh and radial feeder, and by looking into possibilities of utilizing
distance protection for automated fault location in a distribution
network with DG, the researchers can provide the system with
greater protection. In the performance of meshed, simulation of
the effects of DG rating and placement of the distribution network
should be done.
There are many papers which studied how to determine the
DGs location of the radial generation system by using computation
or simulation. Papers on DGs placement focuses on determination
of DGs placement without considering abnormal conditions. Most
of the previous methods deal with conventional radial distribution
systems with lesser buses. However, recently, very little attention has
been paid to the mesh distribution systems to investigate the effects
of DG rating and placement of the distribution network, during
normal and abnormal conditions. It is needed before designing or
constructing any distribution generation system to simulate what is
the influence of the DGs during normal and abnormal conditions.
The results of this study are vital to the determination of the best
location of the DG as well as to the effects that the DG can
contribute to the system performance and fault characterization.
Thus, it can help the relay engineer or the management to evaluate
in advance their decision in adding a DG in the power system.
The main objectives of this thesis are to model a power system test
case for simulation using ETAP (Electrical Transient and Analysis
Program) software and to characterize the fault currents and study
the load flow in mesh configuration. Furthermore, to simulate cases
based from the placement of the DG from the substation with the
corresponding size and to decide the best DG placement and
rating. A knowledge on the effect of fault currents and load flow to
the DGs placement and rating can be useful to simulate different
cases in the test model and determine the best location of DGs to
be added or removed from the system. With these, the researchers
can analyze the performance of DGs in meshed distribution
network from different locations in the system by considering normal
and abnormal conditions.
The limitations of this study are for shunt faults only not
taking into account series faults. DG's are limited to 46-Bus Network
having 4 DGs penetrating the power system. Thus, the variables of
the simulation are the rating and the distance of placement of DGs
from the substation or bus. Analysis of the results would be based
on the load flow and fault currents results. Determining the distance
of the faults are assumptions of the researchers.
II.Methodology
This chapter focuses on how the problem to be solved in this thesis
is conducted. It will discuss the step by step procedure in determining
the effects of different cases for the power system being penetrated
with or without distributed generation or DG. This chapter will
also show results in tables and graphs for easier comparisons and
assessments. In this study, the researchers will use the 46-bus as
their test system.
TEST CASES:
Case 1: No DGs in the power system. In this case, the system is
analyzed without the penetration of DG in any bus of the power
system. Therefore, the system is being fed only by the grid or main
generating power station.
Cases 2 - 8: All DGs are being penetrated simultaneously in the
power system rated 1 MVA each and placement is at 0 km, 5km,
10 km, 15 km, 20 km, 25 km, and 30km, respectively, from the bus
(bus 7, bus 13, bus 24 and bus 37).
Figure 1 Process Flow Chart
TEST SYSTEM:
Below is the specification of the test system (46-Bus Network) [16]:
Grid: 115 kV system, 2500 MVA short circuit.
Substation transformer: 16.8/22.4/28 MVA, x1 = 8.5%, x/r = 10 on
16.8 MVA
Line: as shown in Table 1, with x1 = 0.28 ohm/km; r1=0.20 and 0.28
ohm/km, for conductor 1 and 2 respectively.
Load: as shown in Table 2, with pf = 0.85 (lagging). Capacitor at
node 6, 9, 17, 22, 32, 36 with 0.3 MVAR size each.
DG: 1 MVA up to 6 MVA, xs = 2 pu, xd” = 0.15 pu. Y connected,
ungrounded.
TABLE I- LINE DATA
power system rated 5MVA each and placement is at 0 km, 5km,
In these cases, the system is now being penetrated by 4
DGs (maximum number of DG in the test system). The test system
will be simulated and then analyze the effect of each DG with its
corresponding distance of placement from the substation or bus (i.e.
0 km up to 30 km) and rating (i.e. MVA up to 10 MVA) under normal
and abnormal conditions. When under abnormal conditions, the
fault at each bus can be characterized as a three-phase fault, lineto-line fault, single line-to-ground fault or double line-to-ground fault.
Also, three scenarios are considered for the investigation
of the three-phase fault current contribution of the DG buses.
CASE SCENARIOS:
TABLE II- LOAD DATA
Scenario 1: In Fig. 5, a feeder is connected to Bus 7 and it is divided
into six sections. DG1 is placed 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 km away
from Bus 7 and its MVA rating is being varied from 1-6 MVA. Fault
point is located at the end section of the feeder.
Also, the remaining DGs are set at their maximum MVA
rating and they are placed 30 km away from their respective buses.
In this scenario, the three-phase fault current contribution of Bus 7
will be investigated with or without DG1 in the feeder.
TECHNICAL
significant difference among the means of LFA results of the cases,
ANOVA test will be used. “No significant difference” indicates that
the sample means are nearly equal and the variation between the
sample means is relatively small. On the other hand, “significant
difference” indicates that the sample means are not nearly equal
and the variation between the sample means is large.
LFA: Case 1 and Case 2
Fig. 5 Single-Line Diagram of Scenario 1
Scenario 2: In Fig. 6, a feeder is connected to Bus 24 and it is
divided into six sections. DG3 is placed 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30
km away from Bus 24 and its MVA rating is being varied from 1-6
MVA. Fault point is located at the end section of the feeder. Also, the
remaining DGs are set at their maximum MVA rating and they are
placed 30 km away from their respective buses. In this scenario, the
three-phase fault current contribution of Bus 24 will be investigated
with or without DG3 in the feeder.
Scenario 3: In Fig. 7, a feeder is connected to Bus 37 and it is
divided into six sections. DG2 is placed 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30
km away from Bus 37 and its MVA rating is being varied from 1-6
MVA. Fault point is located at the end section of the feeder. Also, the
remaining DGs are set at their maximum MVA rating and they are
placed 30 km away from their respective buses. In this scenario, the
three-phase fault current contribution of Bus 37 will be investigated
with or without DG2 in the feeder.
Fig. 8 LFA: Case 1 and Case 2
Fig. 8 shows the statistical treatment of Short Circuit
Analysis results using ANOVA. In this figure, Case 1 (No DG) and
Case 2 (DGs: 1 MVA, 0 km) are considered. From the figure above,
since F is less than F-critical, the null hypothesis is accepted which
means that there is no significant difference between the means
of the LFA results of Case 1 and Case 2. Since the two means are
almost equal, tere is “No significant difference” between the two.
Case 2 has the same LFA results with cases 9, 16, 23,
30, and 37. From the ANOVA test, it can then be said that the LFA
results of these cases have no significant to the LFA result of the
reference case (Case 1) since just like in Fig. 8, F will also be less than
F-critical. Thus, the null hypothesis is accepted for these cases.
B. DG Contribution Graphs (Constant DG Rating, Varying DG
Distance from their respective buses, Three-Phase Fault Current)
In this section, the three-phase fault current contribution of the 4
DGs to buses 3, 7, 13, 24, 27, 32, 37, and 43 will be investigated.
The DGs, namely, DG1, DG2, DG3, and DG4 are connected to
buses 7, 37, 24, and 13 respectively while the other buses are only
remote buses. Buses 3, 7, 13, 24, 27, 32, 37, and 43 will be faulted
one by one to obtain the three-phase fault contribution of the 4
DGs to those buses.
For this section, the MVA rating of the DGs are kept
constant while the distance of the DGs from their respective buses
are being varied.
III.Results and Discussion
A. Statistical Treatment of Load Flow Analysis using ANOVA
In this section, the means of Load Flow Analysis results of Cases
1-43 of Appendix A are compared to the means of Load Flow
Analysis results of the reference case (No DG). To test if there is a
Fig. 57 DG Contribution: 1 MVA, 0 km
The graphs in Fig. 81 are obtained using the values in
Appendix G. This figure shows that when there is no DG at the
feeder, the three-phase short circuit current is constant and its value
is approximately 0.564 kA. Furthermore, the graph shows that,
with respect to the reference (NO DG), the reduction in the short
circuit current is largest when DG1 is connected at the middle of the
feeder about 5-15km away from Bus 7 and is smallest when DG1
is connected at both ends of the feeder. The smallest three-phase
fault current occurs when the MVA rating of DG1 is 6 MVA and it is
approximately 0.353 kA.
D. Current vs, Time Simulation Using ETAP Transient Stability Analysis
1. Current vs. Time Simulation at Bus 7:
In this section, a feeder will be connected to Bus 7. The feeder will
be divided into six sections considering a distance of 5km between
sections. Each section will have a load of about one-sixth of the total
load of the Bus 7. The fault point will be at the end of the feeder,
30 km away from the Bus 7. DG1 will only be placed at the middle
of the feeder, 15km away from Bus 7. Thus, the distance of DG1
from Bus 7 will be kept constant. The MVA rating of the DG1 will be
varied from 1 to 6 MVA. After faulting the bus at the end section
of the feeder, the three-phase fault current contribution of Bus 7
will be simulated with respect to time using ETAP Transient Stability
Analysis.
C. Bus Contribution
Three-Phase Fault Current Contribution at Bus 7: In this section, a
feeder will be connected to Bus 7. The feeder will be divided into
six sections considering a distance of 5km between sections. Each
section will have a load of about one-sixth of the total load of the
Bus 7. The fault point will be at the end of the feeder, 30 km away
from the Bus 7. DG1 will be placed in any section of the feeder. The
MVA rating of the DG1 will also be varied from 1 to 6 MVA. After
faulting the bus at the end section of the feeder, the three-phase
fault current contribution of Bus 7 will be determined using SCA.
Fig. 84 Current vs. Time Simulation at Bus 7
The graphs in Fig. 84 are obtained using the values in
Appendix F. The figure shows that the fault current greatly depends
on the rating of the DG wherein as the MVA rating of the DG
increases from 1 MVA to 6 MVA, the required relay pick-up current
decreases.
Fig. 81 Fault Point near Bus 7
The maximum required relay pick-up current can be
observed from the graph with no DG and it is approximately
590 A. On the other hand, the minimum required relay pick-up
current can be observed from the graph with 6 MVA DG and it is
approximately 360 A. If relay pick-up current is set to 590 A, the
relay will not trip in the case with 1 MVA DG, 2 MVA DG, 3 MVA
DG, 4 MVA DG, 5 MVA DG, and 6 MVA DG. The relay pick-up
current can then be adjusted to 360 A so that the relay will be able
to trip in all cases.
TECHNICAL
IV.Conclusions
Penetration of distributed generation causes the power system’s
performance as well as its protection system to drastically change,
which in turn make the system become unreliable.
In the simulation of the modelled system, load flow results
and voltage limit values were critical because this is the only way
that the researchers can verify if the modified power system is
reliable of gathering data. With a 5% tolerance in the bus voltages
or 95% - 105% of nominal bus voltage, load flow results shows that
the 46-bus voltages ranges from 95.04% up to 102.265% of their
nominal voltage which makes the modelled system to be valid and
reliable of gathering data.
Given that the data gathered were true and reliable,
different cases were developed in the system. Analysis of variance
(ANOVA) was used to speed up the data gathering and statistical
treatment of the study. This is to know whether the test cases (Cases
2 to 43 – 4 DG penetration) have significant differences with the
reference case (Case 1 – No DG penetration).
Test cases were indicated by varying the DGs’ distance and
rating. The simulation results indicate that penetration of DGs in a
system affects the fault currents regardless where the fault occurs
However, the fault current contribution of the DGs
depends greatly on where the fault is located. When the DG is
penetrated to the feeder, it contributes most to the reduction of short
circuit current when connected near the feeder mid-point (about
10 to 15 km distance of DG from its respective bus). However, it
contributes least when it is connected at both ends of the feeder
(0-km and 30-km distance of DG from its respective bus). Transient
stability analysis is done to know the required relay pick-up current
for all the cases.
Acknowledgment
Apart from our efforts, the success of this study cannot be fulfilled
without the encouragement and guidance of many people. We
want to take this opportunity to express our deepest gratitude to
those people who help and support us in the completion of this
study. First and foremost, we would like to express our deepest
appreciation to our thesis adviser, Engr. Michael Pacis, for his
continuous support of our thesis work, for his patience, motivation,
enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. Without his constant guidance,
endless advices and persistent help, this study would not have been
possible. To the EECE faculty member, Mr. Carlos Hortinela IV, who
gave us some references for the statistical treatment of our study,
for his knowledge and advices he imparted to us. To our friend, Mr.
Joshua Bryle Rabena who provided us another laptop in simulating
our test cases.
To our beloved families who are always there to help
and support us not only financially but most importantly through
their motivation, constant guidance, encouragement, and love.
Their presences are the reason behind our persistence to finish
this dissertation. Last but not the least, to our God Almighty, for
answering our prayers for giving us the strength to plod on despite
our constitution wanting us to give up and throw in the towel, thank
you so much Dear Lord.
References
[1.] Angel Fernandez Sarabia, “Impact of distributed generation
on distributed system”, Aalborg University - Department of
Energy Technology Pontoppidanstraede 101 9220 Aalborg
East, Denmark Printed in Denmark by Aalborg University
[2.] K Kauhaniemi, L. K. (2004),“Impact of Distributed Generation
on the Protection of Distribution Networks”, University of Vaasa,
Finland, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
[3.] Mario Vignolo, R. Z. (2002),“Transmission Networks or
Distributed Generation?”, Montevideo, Uruguay
[4.] R.C Dugan and T.E. McDermott, “Distributed generation”, IEEE
Industry Application Magazine, Vol.8, pp19-25, October 2001
[5.] S. Jamali and V. Talavat, “Accurate Fault Location Method in
Distribution Networks Containing Distributed Generations”,
Iranian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol.10
No.1, Winter-Spring 2011
[6.] Edward Coster, Johanna Myrzik and Wil Kling, entitled “Effect
of DG on Distribution Grid Protection”
[7.] J. I. Marvik, A. Petterteig and H. K. Hoidalen (2007), entitled
“Analysis of Fault Detection and Location in Medium Voltage
Radial Networks with Distributed Generation”
[8.] Hadi Zayandehroodi, Azah Mohamed, Hussain Shareef, and
Marjan Mohammadjafari entitled “Determining Exact Fault
Location in a Distribution Network in Presence of DGs Using
RBF Neural Networks”
[9.] Javadian, Tamizkar, and Haghifam (2009) entitled “A Protection
and Reconfiguration Scheme for Distribution Networks with
DG”
[10.] José Ubirajara Núñez de Nunes and Arturo Suman Bretas
entitled “Impact of Distributed Generation on Automatic Fault
Location in Unbalanced Distribution Networks. An Extended
Impedance Based Fault Location Formulation.”
[11.] S.K. Salman and S.F. Tan entitled “Comparative Study of
Protection Requirements of Active Distribution Networks Using
Radial and Ring Operations”
[12.] James A. Momoh, Yan Xia and Garfield D. Boswell entitled
“An Approach to Determine Distributed Generation (DG)
Benefits in Power Networks”
[13.] Barker and de Mello in their study entitled “Determining the
Impact of Distributed Generation on Power Systems: Part 1 –
Radial Distribution Systems”
[14.] Sukumar M. Brahma and Adly A. Girgis entitled “Development
of Adaptive Protection Scheme for Distribution Systems with
High Penetration of Distributed Generation”
[15.] Ferry A. Viawan, Daniel Karlsson, Ambra Sannino, and Jaap
Daalder, “Protection Scheme for Meshed Distribution Systems
with High Penetration of Distributed Generation”
[16.] http://etap.com/index.htm
[17.] http://www.scribd.com/doc/43403406/ETAP-Training-Manual
[18.] “Power Systems Stability and Control” by P. Kundur.
[19.] http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/published/
econanova3.pdf
[20.]http://www.statgraphics.com/analysiso_ fv_ ariance.htm
[21.] “Research Statistics” by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
Feature
This isn’t just a product.
IT’S A SOCIAL MOVEMENT.
1. What are your thoughts while conceptualizing the project?
What or who are your inspirations?
Few of the common things we noticed from marginalized island
communities are their inability to access electricity, the use of fuelbased lamps and the abundance of seawater. These encouraged us
to develop a lighting system that runs on the very basic items seen on
every household -- water and salt, or for the
islanders -- seawater. There are over 7,000 island in the
Philippines, most of these islands
do not have access to electricity,
and kerosene had become
a commodity to households
in unelectrified marginalized
communities. Over the past
few years of studying such
living conditions after being
with Greenpeace Philippines,
developing the correlation between
geographical location, status quo and
the use of fuel-based lamps, we have come
up with a conclusion that the practice of using such light source had
been passed on from generations thus, these people never deviated
from using fuel-based lamps. The method of refilling kerosene in
lamps (according to a native, southwest of the Philippines) brings
about emotional security despite its many cases of fire accidents
caused by tipped over lamps and candles. This had been proven
upon doing an immersion trip up in the mountains of Kalinga and
learning how people endure long hours of walking to get kerosene
for their lamps. And the Kalinga story is just one of the many stories
of people who are still living in the dark. About 16 million Filipinos do
not have access to electricty and could suffer the danger brought by
combustion based light sources such as kerosene lamps and candles
therefore making local governments and even private sectors more
concerned, extending their efforts to replace such customs. And to
contribute to these efforts, we have developed a more cost-effective,
safe and environmentally friendly lamp that runs on saltwater. Our
mission is to decrease the light inequality in the Philippines and the
world which has about 1.4 Billion people without access to electricity.
2. We see that your project has reached and benefited so
many communities. Where do you plan to bring the benefits of
the project?
For the next 3 years, we will partner with NGOs, Foundations and
Local Government Units to purchase and distribute the lamps
to Philippine communities who need help. We also plan to get
it out in retail without losing the heart of the company and
product by adapting TOMS one for one, so for every lamp you
buy, we give one lamp to a family we are currently supporting.
We also would like to get this technology out in the Philippines
and we will start in India as we are receiving attention from
several NGOs and Foundations there. We plan to branch out
from Philippines to India to neighboring countries and focus on
the social side of the product until we gather enough resources to
scale while continuously extending our efforts to give a more costeffective, sustainable and environmentally-friendly lighting system
to marginalized communities. 3. Where do we go from here? What are your future plans and
projects?
There is no other way than to scale up both on business and
technology side so we will focus on the core of the company which
is R&D. To achieve a greater scale, we will prioritize the R&D
of our enterprise and develop more innovations based on the
principle, and we are very grateful to receive support from people
and organizations like the Ideaspace Philipines, a local startup
incubator funded by Manny V. Pangilinan and the well-known
Silicon Valley based Filipino Engineer, Diosdado Banatao who is our
mentor for improving the technology, IPs and scaling the business.
an electrochemical LED lamp that
runs on saltwater and can charge lowpower mobile devices.
Add 2 tablespoons of salt in 1 glass of water,
use the lamp for 8 hours.
Engr. Aisa Mijeno
is currently
a faculty
member of
Engineering
at De La Salle
University —
Lipa.

downloadable - Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the

Transcription

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