Key Words: Arapaima gigas – paiche, SG-3010

Key Words: Arapaima gigas – paiche, SG-3010

Key Words: Arapaima gigas – paiche, SG-3010, NutrivanceTM-SPC, soy-based feed, flow
through tank culture
EVALUATION OF SOY-BASED FEEDS FOR THE PRODUCTION
OF PAICHE Arapaima gigas
TO
U.S. Soybean Export Council
Dr. Michael Cremer – Aquaculture Senior Program Advisor
Mr. Francisco de la Torre – Regional Director/Americas
BY
Mr. Jairo Amezquita – Aquaculture Consultant
Mr. Mark Newman – Aquaculture Feed Consultant
Mr. Max Risco – Naltech’s Sales Representative
Mr. Luis Henostroza – Production Manager
Dr. Herbert E. Quintero – Aquaculture Consultant
Location:
Farm:
City:
Trial Type:
Treatments:
Species:
Source of juveniles:
Contact information:
Car. Carretera Federico Basadre # - Costado Semperu Selva
Amazon Fish Products S. A. - Hatchery
Ucayali - Pucallpa (Ucayali Region), Peru
Feeding demonstration in Flow through system
Two experimental diets: one with variety of soybean meal SG3010, and the other with SPC-Nutrivance versus commercial diet
(45% Crude protein/13% fat content)
Arapaimas gigas (Paiche)
Organisms from Amazon Fish Products S. A. grow out farm.
Luis Henostroza
[email protected]
Phone: 51-61-975695448
https://www.facebook.com/Amazonfishproducts
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
A cooperative feeding demonstration was conducted in 2013 by the U.S. Soybean Export
Council (USSEC) and Amazon Fish Products S. A. in Ucayali, Peru. The objective of the
demonstration was to evaluate the use of two new U.S. soybean products, Schillinger Genetics
SG-3010 soybean meal and TechMix NutrivanceTM soy protein concentrate (SPC), to partially
replace fishmeal in the diet for paiche Arapaima gigas. Both of these U.S. soy products have a
high protein (>55%) and low oligosaccharide content with minimal soy anti-nutritional factors.
Results of the feeding demonstration showed that SG-3010 soybean meal at an inclusion rate up
to 41.9% and NutrivanceTM SPC at an inclusion rate up to 36.5% in the diet for paiche yielded
fish production equivalent to that obtained with fishmeal-based commercial diets. Results
indicate that both soy ingredients offer feed formulation options for the paiche industry in its
effort to reduce dependence on fishmeal.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this commercial feeding demonstration was to evaluate the use of new soy
ingredients that have high protein and low oligosaccharide (raffinose and stachyose) content as
partial replacements for fishmeal in the diet for Paiche Arapaima gigas. The feeding
demonstration evaluated paiche performance on the two soy-based diets against a commercial
fishmeal-based diet, all formulated to contain 45% crude protein and 13% fat. The feeding
demonstration was conducted at the Amazon Fish Products hatchery in Ucayali, Pucallpa, Peru
in 2013 (Figure 1).
FEEDING DEMONSTRATION PROTOCOLS
Three diets were evaluated for paiche production in this feeding demonstration. A fishmealbased commercial diet (Diet 1–COM), was used as the control diet. Two soy-based experimental
diets were compared against Diet 1-COM, one using the Schillinger Genetics high protein and
low oligosaccharide SG-3010 soybean meal (Diet 2-SG3010) and one using the TechMix
NutrivanceTM soy protein concentrate (Diet 3-SPC). The two experimental diets were
formulated to contain 45% crude protein and 13.5% fat so that they were nutritionally equivalent
to Diet 1-COM. The experimental diets were manufactured in Huacho, Peru by Nutritional
Technologies SAC (Naltech). The experimental diets had 51% of the total protein content
coming either from the high protein soybean meal or from the soy protein concentrate for diets 2
and 3, respectively. Proximal analyse of the experimental diets are shown in Table 2.
Two replicates of each of the three feed treatments were conducted in six, 0.85-m3 tanks.
Replicates for the three test diets were assigned to the tanks in sequential order, with Diet 1COM in tanks C1 and C2, Diet 2–SG3010 in tanks C3 and C4, and Diet 3-SPC in tanks C5 and
C6 (Figures 1 and 2a). All tanks were operated with a constant water flow of 5 liters per minute.
2 Fish for the demonstration were approximately 650-g paiche Arapaima gigas. Paiche were
stocked in the experimental tanks on 28 September 2013, and the study started on 1 October
2013. Fish were stocked at a density of 62 fish per tank, with an average fish biomass equivalent
to 47.4 kg/m3. Fish were fed ad-libitum. Six fish were sampled from each tank weekly over a
62-day period. Individual fish weights and lengths were determined during each sampling. Fish
were harvested after 62 days of feeding at an average fish weight of 2.0 kg, with information
collected to determine total yield, individual fish weight, fish survival, final biomass density,
feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio.
The following variables were calculated:
• Survival
(%) = 100 x (final amount of fish)/(initial amount of fish)
•
Biomass gain (g) = Final biomass - initial biomass
•
Condition factor as Relative weight (Wr)
Wr = Observed weight / Expected standard weight
•
Final density
(Kg/m3)) = Biomass of fish harvested (Kg)) / Experimental unit volume, m3
•
Weight gain
(WGR, %) = 100 x (final body weight - initial body weight) / initial body weight
•
Specific growth rate
(SGR) = 100 x ln (final weight/initial weight)/days of the experiment
•
Feed conversion ratio
(FCR) = feed fed (g, DW)/body weight gain (g)
Fish performance parameters were evaluated using One-way Analysis of Variance.
RESULTS
Proximate composition of diets Diet2-SG3010 and Diet 3-SPC were performed at the laboratory
International Analytical Services/SAC lab in Lima (Peru), and reported on 3 September and 29
October, respectively.
A total of 372 fish were scheduled for stocking in the six demonstration tanks, for a total of 62
fish per tank. However, at the end of the demonstration there were 375 fish, and the fish were
unevenly distributed among the tanks (Figure 2). Some fish were incorrectly stocked in tanks C3
and C6, as 52 and 74 fish were harvested from these tanks, respectively, at the end of the
demonstration. As a result, stocking density and biomass were re-calculated using the average
weight from a population of 372 fish. These recalculations yielded a stocking biomass range
3 from 34.3 kg to 48. 6 kg, which represented a stocking density difference of 41.5%, with the
lowest density as 40.5 kg/m3 (Diet 2-SG3010, tank C3), and the highest density as 57.3 kg/m3
(Diet 3-SPC, tank C6).
Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA. Although normality test was
appropriate, the equal variance tests failed in all of the tests. In addition, the power of the test
with alpha 0.05 was below the desired power of 0.800 for most the parameters evaluated. For
that reason, there is a limitation in the generalization of this analysis. The analysis also is limited
due to the fact that all the replicates had a different number of fish for stocking purposes based
on the number of fish that were harvested.
Weekly growth sampling data is shown in Table 3 for the following variables: individual average
weight (g), density (kg/m3), and condition factor measured as relative weight (Wr). Final
average weights for fish in the two replicate tanks fed the commercial diet were 2,198 g and
2,132 g (Tables 3 and 5, Figure 3). Average weights for fish fed Diet 2-SG3010 were 2,121 g
and 2,166 g (Tables 3 and 5, Figure 3). Average weights for fish fed Diet 3-SPC were 1,981 g
and 2,098 g (Tables 3 and 5, Figure 3). Growth curves for this period of culture were fitted using
an exponential model, as follows: Diet 1 – COM, tank C1 y = 710.73e0.0199x (R2=0.96997), diet 1
– COM, tank C2, y = 721.58e0.0185x (R2=0.96468); diet 2 – SG3010, tank C3, y = 733.29e0.0187x
(R2=0.96169), diet 2 – SG3010, tank C4, y = 748.69e0.0187x (R2=0.95315); diet 3 – SPC, tank C5,
y = 743.06e0.0172x (R2=0.93167); and diet 3 – SPC, tank C6, y = 757.84e0.0182x (R2=0.92799)
(Figure 3). This analysis shows a slightly better growth response for fish fed the commercial
diet, but it was not significantly different after evaluating all the production parameters to those
fish fed the soy-based diets.
Fish biomass at harvest was 158.3 kg/m3 and 161.1 kg/m3 for the two tanks fed the commercial
diet. Fish tanks fed the soy-based Diet 2-SG3010 had harvest biomasses of 130.2 kg/m3 and
153.4 kg/m3, and fish fed the soy-based Diet 3-SPC had harvest biomasses of 128.6 kg/m3 and
180.8 kg/m3 (Table 3). There were no significant differences in fish biomass among the
treatments. Fish in tank C6, which were fed Diet 3–SPC, had the highest harvest biomass of 180
kg/m3,which was 13% greater than the average harvest biomass for the commercial diet.
Relative weight, which is a measure to evaluate the condition of the fish, indicates if fish are thin
or fat. A fish with a relative weight value of 80% or less is considered severely thin, indicating a
lack of food for that animal. Fish for this demonstration were in very poor condition at the time
of stocking (78.59±4.09 %, Coefficient of Variance CV=5.20%). After the first sampling, fish
condition improved to an average of 94.57%, and by the end of the demonstration the average
relative weight for all the fish was 99.07%. After four weeks of feeding, biomass in the
demonstration tanks exceeded 100 kg/m3. At this biomass level, the water flow rate of 5 liters
per minute appeared to be insufficient to maintain adequate water quality, and is believed to have
been responsible for a reduction in fish performance. Analysis of the average relative fish
weight after 62-days of culture indicated a significant effect from the diets. Specifically it was
found that fish fed Diet 2-SG3010 had a significantly better condition (as relative weight, Wr)
than fish fed either Diet 1-COM or Diet 3-SPC (Table 5, 6, 7)
4 The specific growth rate (SGR %/day) was calculated for each sampling period, for three weeks,
and for the duration of the demonstration (Table 4, Figures 4a & 4b). Comparison of the specific
growth rates (SGR) for each sampling period exhibited substantial variation (Figure 4a), based
on a 10% sample size. Overall, a negative trend in specific growth rate occurred over the course
of the demonstration (Figure 4b). The average SGR after the first 22-days was 2.81%/day,
followed by 1.66%/day in the subsequent 21 days, and 1.14%/day in the final 19 days. The
cause of the declining SGR was indeterminant, as it could have been related to the biology of the
species or to declining water quality conditions. Fish in tank C6 Diet 3-SPC had the highest
biomass and the lowest SGR in the final three weeks. The correlation of biomass to SGR is
depicted in Figure 5. Figure 6 illustrates inflections in the biomass curve that may be related to
issues with water quality.
Fish survival after 62 days of culture was 100% for fish fed Diet 1-COM, 99.5% for fish fed Diet
2-SG3010, and 93.7% for fish fed Diet 3-SPC, and there was no significant difference among
those values (Table 6 and 7). Similarly, other variables such as individual final weight, biomass
gain, harvest biomass, weight gain (WGR, %), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion
ratio (FCR) were not significantly different among dietary treatments (Table 6 and 7).
Weight gain (WGR, %) for paiche fed Diet 1-COM was the highest with an average value of
234.4%, followed by Diet 2-SG3010 at 231.1%, and Diet 3-SPC at 215.0%. There were no
significant differences among those values (Table 6 and 7). Similarly, specific growth rate
(SGR/day) for fish fed the different diets had no significant differences (Table 6 and 7).
Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower for fish fed Diet 1-COM, with an average FCR of
0.895±0.035 (CV=3.91%). Fish fed Diet 2-SG3010 had an average FCR of 0.950±0.057
(CV=6.00%), and fish fed Diet 3-SPC had an average FCR equal to 1.060±0.170 (CV=16.04%).
CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS
The purpose of this feeding demonstration was to evaluate the feasibility of using new soy
products with high protein and low oligosaccharides content as partial replacement for fishmeal
in the diet of paiche. Results confirmed that paiche could be raised in very high densities, and
that diets based on SG3010 soybean meal and feed grade soy protein concentrate yielded similar
paiche performance as a fishmeal-based diet. Hence, soy-based feeds can be alternatives to
traditional fishmeal based feeds for the continued development of a commercial paiche fish
farming industry.
5 TABLE 1 – FEED FORMULATIONS FOR PAICHE DIET 2-SG3010 AND DIET 3-SPC,
FORMULATED TO HAVE 45% CRUDE PROTEIN CONTENT AND 13% FAT CONTENT.
THE DIETS WERE COMPARED IN A FEEDING DEMONSTRATION AT THE AMAZON
FISH PRODUCTS S.A. HATCHERY FACILITY IN UCAYALI , PERU IN 2013.
Ingredient
SG-3010 –
45 % CP
13.5% Fat content
SPC Nutrivance –
45% CP
13.0 % Fat content
Soybean meal Schillinger SG-3010 54.9%
Soy Protein Concentrate, Nutrivance, 55.37%
Soybean meal, SBM, 47.3%
Fish meal, anchovy, 67%
Poultry by-product meal
41.90%
27.00%
31.10%
36.50%
28.60%
34.90%
TOTAL
99.99%
100.00%
6 TABLE 2 – PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF DIET 2-SG3010 AND DIET 3-SPC
EVALUATED IN A FEEDING DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas, AT
THE AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS S.A. HATCHERY IN UCAYALI, PERU IN 2013.
Parameter
Moisture (% dry matter)
SG 3010 45/13.5
5.9
SPC NUTRIVANCE 45/13
9.4
Carbohydrates (% dry matter)
25.19
22.03
Crude protein (% dry matter)
44.96
44.94
Crude fat (% dry matter)
13.76
14.04
Ash (% dry matter)
8.30
7.0
Crude fiber (% dry matter)
1.89
2.59
Energy (Kcal/100 g)
404
394
Pepsin digestibility
95.50
91.91
7 TABLE 3 – GROWTH SAMPLING DATA, ESTIMATED DENSITY (Kg/m3) AND
CONDITION FACTOR AS RELATIVE WEIGHT (Wr) DATA COLLECTED AFTER 62DAY OF CULTURE USING THREE DIETS: DIET1-COM, DIET 2- SG-3010 AND DIET 3SPC, IN A FEEDING DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas AT THE
AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS S.A. HATCHERY IN UCAYALI, PERU IN 2013.
Date
10/01/13
10/08/13
10/22/13
10/29/13
11/05/13
11/12/13
11/19/13
11/26/13
12/01/13
10/01/13
10/08/13
10/22/13
10/29/13
11/05/13
11/12/13
11/19/13
11/26/13
12/01/13
10/01/13
10/08/13
10/22/13
10/29/13
11/05/13
11/12/13
11/19/13
11/26/13
12/01/13
Treatment
Replicate
No Days
1
8
22
29
36
43
50
57
62
1
8
22
29
36
43
50
57
62
1
8
22
29
36
43
50
57
62
1-COM
C1
C2
647.4
860.8
1103.7
1438.8
1497.1
1697.5
1892.7
2299.9
2197.7
46.99
61.99
79.49
103.62
107.82
122.25
136.31
165.64
158.28
78.6
92.7
88.9
96.9
91.7
94.4
110.8
95.7
97.1
C5
C6
647.4
874.2
1147.8
1370.3
1341.2
1709.7
1742.3
2078.7
2132.0
2-SG3010
C3
C4
Individual average weight (g)
647.4
647.4
892.2
925.0
1204.2
1169.0
1358.3
1473.8
1394.5
1486.2
1693.2
1747.3
1965.7
1880.2
2083.3
2163.3
2120.8
2166.0
3-SPC
647.4
851.8
1291.3
1349.3
1311.2
1596.8
1839.7
1906.3
1980.8
647.4
865.8
1302.2
1472.0
1463.0
1774.8
1937.5
1988.0
2097.8
48.57
66.06
86.73
103.54
101.34
129.18
131.65
157.07
161.10
Density (kg/m3)
40.37
45.61
55.83
65.53
75.35
82.81
85.00
104.40
87.26
105.28
105.95
123.78
120.68
133.19
127.90
153.24
130.20
153.44
47.77
62.35
94.52
98.77
95.98
116.89
132.49
132.79
128.62
56.59
75.65
113.77
128.60
127.82
155.06
169.27
173.69
180.80
78.6
89.5
88.0
92.5
87.6
87.9
88.1
91.6
95.5
Relative weight (Wr)
78.6
78.6
100.2
99.1
100.2
96.2
103.6
102.0
97.0
95.6
101.8
100.2
105.0
102.9
101.5
100.0
102.9
105.1
78.6
94.6
95.9
96.7
90.8
94.1
97.1
95.2
96.4
78.6
91.3
98.9
101.9
93.0
94.1
96.7
96.3
97.4
8 TABLE 4 – SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE (SGR - %/DAY) CALCULATED FOR EACH
SAMPLING PERIOD, AND FOR THE 62-DAY FEEDING DEMONSTRATION WITH
PAICHE Arapaima gigas AT THE AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS S.A. HATCHERY IN
UCAYALI, PERU IN 2013.
Date
10/01/13
10/08/13
10/22/13
10/29/13
11/05/13
11/12/13
11/19/13
11/26/13
12/01/13
Treatment
Replicate
1-COM
C1
C2
No Days
Stocking
8
14
7
7
7
7
7
5
Specific Growth Rate (SGR)(%/day) for each interval of sampling
3.56
1.78
3.79
0.57
1.79
1.55
2.78
-0.91
3.75
1.94
2.53
-0.31
3.47
0.27
2.52
0.51
2-SG3010
C3
C4
4.01
2.14
1.72
0.38
2.77
2.13
0.83
0.36
4.46
1.67
3.31
0.12
2.31
1.05
2.00
0.02
3-SPC
C5
3.43
2.97
0.63
-0.41
2.82
2.02
0.51
0.77
C6
3.63
2.91
1.75
-0.09
2.76
1.25
0.37
1.08
Specific Growth Rate (SGR) (%/day) for intervals
of approximately 21 days (3 weeks)
10/01/13
10/22/13
11/12/13
12/01/13
Stocking
22
21
19
2.42
2.05
1.36
2.60
1.90
1.16
2.82
1.62
1.19
2.69
1.91
1.13
3.14
1.01
1.13
3.18
1.47
0.88
Specific Growth Rate (SGR)(%/day) for the total period
10/01/13
12/01/13
Stocking
62
1.97
1.92
1.91
1.95
1.80
1.90
9 TABLE 5 – AVERAGE INDIVIDUAL WEIGHT AND AVERAGE CONDITION FACTOR
AS RELATIVE WEIGHT (Wr) FOR DATA COLLECTED AFTER 62-DAY FEEDING
DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas AT THE AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS
S.A. HATCHERY IN UCAYALI, PERU IN 2013.
Date
10/01/13
10/08/13
10/22/13
10/29/13
11/05/13
11/12/13
11/19/13
11/26/13
12/01/13
Treatment
No. days
1
8
22
29
36
43
50
57
62
Average Individual Weight (g)
COM
SG3010
SPC
Relative weight (Wr)
COM
SG3010
SPC
647.4
867.5
1125.7
1404.6
1419.2
1703.6
1817.5
2189.3
2164.8
78.6
91.1
88.5
94.7
89.7
91.2
99.5
93.7
96.3
647.4
908.6
1186.6
1416.1
1440.4
1720.3
1922.9
2123.3
2143.4
647.4
858.8
1296.8
1410.7
1387.1
1685.8
1888.6
1947.2
2039.3
78.6
99.7
98.2
102.8
96.3
101.0
104.0
100.8
104.0
78.6
93.0
97.4
99.3
91.9
94.1
96.9
95.8
96.9
10 TABLE 6 – PRODUCTION DATA COLLECTED AFTER 62-DAY FEEDING
DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas AT THE AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS
S.A. HATCHERY IN UCAYALI, PERU IN 2013.
Treatment
1 – COM
Replicate
C1
C2
Number of fish
Initial
Final
61
61
64
64
Survival
(%)
100.0
100.0
Individual weight
Initial
Final
647.44
2197.7
647.44
2132.0
2 - SG
C3
C4
53
60
52
60
98.1
100.0
647.44
647.44
2120.8
2166.0
3 – SPC
C5
C6
62
75
55
74
88.7
98.7
647.44
647.44
1980.8
2097.8
Treatment
1 – COM
Replicate
C1
C2
Weight
gain
(%)
239.43
229.30
Specific
growth rate
SGR
1.97
1.92
Initial
Biomass
(Kg)
39.49
41.44
Final
Biomass
(Kg)
134.05
136.45
Biomass
gained
(Kg)
94.56
95.01
2 - SG
C3
C4
227.57
234.55
1.91
1.95
34.31
38.85
110.28
129.96
75.97
91.11
3 – SPC
C5
C6
205.94
224.01
1.80
1.90
40.14
48.56
108.94
155.24
68.80
106.68
Replicate
C1
C2
Final
Density
(Kg/m3)
158.27
161.10
Relative
weight
Treatment
1 – COM
Initial
Density
(Kg/m3)
46.63
48.92
97.1
95.5
Accumulated
feed
(Kg)
86.9
83.1
FCR
0.92
0.87
2 - SG
C3
C4
40.51
45.86
130.20
153.44
102.9
105.1
75.4
83.5
0.99
0.92
3 – SPC
C5
C6
47.39
57.33
128.62
183.28
96.4
97.4
80.9
100.6
1.18
0.94
11 TABLE 7 – PRODUCTION DATA AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DATA FOR THE
62-DAY FEEDING DEMONSTRATION CONDUCTED WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas AT
THE AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS S.A. HATCHERY IN UCAYALI, PERU IN 2013.
Treatment
Survival (%)
Treatment
1-COM
2-SG
3-SPC
Individual final 1-COM
weight (g)
2-SG
3-SPC
Biomass gain
1-COM
(g)
2-SG
3-SPC
Final density
1-COM
(kg/m3)
2-SG
3-SPC
Weight gain
1-COM
(WGR, %)a
2-SG
3-SPC
Relative
1-COM
b
Weight (Wr)
2-SG
3-SPC
Specific growth 1-COM
rate (SGR)c
2-SG
3-SPC
Feed conversion 1-COM
ratio (FCR)d
2-SG
3-SPC
Survival
(%)
100 ± 0.0
99.50 ± 1.34
93.70 ± 7.07
2164.9 ± 46.46
2143.4 ± 31.96
2039.3 ± 82.73
94.8 ± 0.707
83.7 ± 10.748
87.6 ± 27.011
159.69 ± 2.001
141.82 ± 16.43
155.95 ± 38.65
234.37 ± 7.16
231.06 ± 4.94
214.98 ± 12.78
96.3 ± 1.13
104.0 ± 1.56
96.9 ± 0.71
1.946 ± 0.018
1.938 ± 0.027
1.843 ± 0.074
0.895 ± 0.035
0.950 ± 0.057
1.060 ± 0.170
CV
(%)
0
1.35
7.55
2.15
1.49
4.06
0.75
12.84
30.83
1.25
11.59
24.8
3.05
2.14
5.94
1.17
1.50
0.73
0.92
1.39
4.02
3.91
6.00
16.04
Std. Error
F
P
2.9384
2.9384
2.9384
40.874
40.874
40.874
11.77
11.77
11.77
17.165
17.165
17.165
6.311
6.311
6.311
0.8
1.1
0.5
0.0343
0.0343
0.0343
0.0736
0.0736
0.0736
1.3361
0.3846
2.6994
0.2135
0.2328
0.8054
0.3014
0.7599
2.7021
0.2133
26.205
0.013
2.2199
0.2561
1.2877
0.3947
Survival (%) = 100 x (final number of fish)/(initial number of fish)
a
WGR - Weight gain (%) = 100 x (final body weight - initial body weight) / initial body weight
b
Wr – (Relative weight) = Observed weight / Expected standard weight
c
SGR - Specific growth ratio = 100 x ln (final weight/initial weight)/days of the experiment
d
FCR – (Feed conversion ratio) = feed fed (g, DW)/body weight gain (g)
12 FIGURE 1 – EXPERIMENTAL SET UP FOR THE PAICHE Arapaima gigas FEEDING
DEMONSTRATION WITH THREE FEEDS CONDUCTED BY AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS
S.A. AT UCAYALI, PERU IN, 2013.
13 FIGURE 2 – CONFIGURATION OF THE SIX EXPERIMENTAL UNITS AT THE AMAZON
FISH PRODUCTS S.A. HATCHERY FOR THE PAICHE Arapaima gigas FEEDING
DEMONSTRATION WITH THREE FEEDS AT UCAYALI, PERU IN 2013.
a. Original set up:
b. Final set up:
5 6 62 62 4 3 62 62 1 2 62 62 5 – SPC 6 – SPC 55/7 74/1 4 – SG 3 -­‐SG 60/0 52/1 1 – COM 2 – COM 61/0 64/0 Number of Fish harvested/Dead fish,
NOTE: Total amount of fish by
adding both numbers
14 FIGURE 3 –GROWTH CURVES FOR THE THREE TEST FEEDS EVALUATED IN THE
2013 AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS S.A. FEEDING DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE
Arapaima gigas
3000 C1-­‐ COM C2 -­‐ COM y = 721.58e0.0185x R² = 0.96468 y = 710.73e0.0199x R² = 0.96997 2500 C3 -­‐ SG3010 C4 -­‐ SG3010 y = 748.69e0.0187x R² = 0.95315 y = 733.29e0.0187x R² = 0.96169 2000 C5 -­‐ SPC C6 -­‐ SPC y = 743.06e0.0172x R² = 0.93167 y = 757.84e0.0182x R² = 0.92799 1500 1000 500 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 C1-­‐COM C2-­‐COM C3-­‐SG3010 C4-­‐SG3010 C5-­‐SPC C6-­‐SPC Expon. (C1-­‐COM) Expon. (C2-­‐COM) Expon. (C3-­‐SG3010) Expon. (C4-­‐SG3010) Expon. (C5-­‐SPC) Expon. (C6-­‐SPC) 70 15 FIGURE 4 – SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE (SGR - %/DAY) FOR THE THREE TEST FEEDS
EVALUATED FOR DIFFERENT PERIODS OF CULTURE IN THE 2013 AMAZON FISH
PRODUCTS S.A. FEEDING DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas
FIGURE 4 A – SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE EVERY SAMPLING PERIOD
5 SGR (%/daY) 4 C1-­‐COM 3 C3-­‐SG3010 C6-­‐SPC 2 C2-­‐COM 1 C4-­‐SG3010 C5-­‐SPC 0 0 10 -­‐1 20 30 40 50 60 70 Period of culture (No. of days) FIGURE 4 B – SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE EVERY THREE WEEKS PERIOD
3.5 3 SGR (%/day) 2.5 C1-­‐COM 2 C3-­‐SG3010 C6-­‐SPC 1.5 C2-­‐COM 1 C4-­‐SG3010 C5-­‐SPC 0.5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Period of culture (No. of days) 16 FIGURE 5 – SPECIFIC GROWTH RATE (SGR - %/DAY) VS. DENSITY (kg/m3) FOR THE
THREE TEST FEEDS EVALUATED IN THE 2013 AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS S.A.
FEEDING DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas
5 y = -­‐2.181ln(x) + 12.051 R² = 0.23549 4 SGR (%/day) 3 2 y = -­‐0.0185x + 3.9267 R² = 0.19953 1 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 -­‐1 -­‐2 Density (Kg/m3) Log. (Y-­‐Value 1) Linear (Y-­‐Value 1) 17 FIGURE 6 – DENSITY OF CULTURE (Kg/m3) FOR THE THREE TEST FEEDS
EVALUATED IN THE 2013 AMAZON FISH PRODUCTS S.A. FEEDING
DEMONSTRATION WITH PAICHE Arapaima gigas
200 180 160 Density (Kg/m3) 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Period of culture (No. of days) Dens. C-­‐1 COM Dens. C-­‐2 COM Dens. C-­‐3 SG3010 Dens. C-­‐4 SG 3010 Dens. C-­‐5 SPC Dens. C-­‐6 SPC 2 per. Mov. Avg. (Dens. C-­‐5 SPC) 18