L-85 REACTOR FACILITY ROCKETDYNE DIVISION ROCKWELL

Transcription

If
l
Prepared by
Oak Ridge Associated
I
I
I
Universities
Prepared for
U.S. Nuclea r
Regulato ry
Commission' s
z
OF TH E
L-85 REACTOR FACILITY
Region V Office
Division of
Radiation Safety
and Safeguards ,
Emergency
Preparedness and
Radiological
Protection Branc h
■
CONFIRMATORY RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY
ROCKETDYNE DIVISION
ROCKWELL INTERNATIONA L
CORPORATION
SANTA SUSANA, CALIFORNI A
G . L . MURPH Y
1
Radiological Site Assessment Program
Manpower Education, Research, and Training Division
FINAL REPORT
DECEMBER 1986
4
1
HDMSP00053812
OF THE
ROCKETDYNE DIVISION
ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
SANTA SUSANA , CALIFORNIA
Prepared b y
G .L . MURPH Y
Radiological Site Assessment Program
Manpower Education, Research, and Training Divisio n
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-011 7
Project Staf f
R .D . Condra
D .A . Gibson
M .J . Laudeman
A .S . Masvidal
C .F . Weaver
Prepared for
Division of Radiation Safety and Safeguards
Emergency Preparedness and Radiological Protection Branc h
U .S . Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Region V Office
Final Repor t
December 198 6
This report is based on work performed under Interagency Agreement DOE
No . 40 - 862-86 NRC Fin . No . A-9400 between the U .S . Nuclear Regulatory
Oak Ridge Associated
Commission and the U .S . Department of Energy .
Universities performs complementary work under contract number
DE-ACO5 - 760R00033 with the U . S . Department of Energy .
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HDMSP00053813
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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List of Figures
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List of Tables
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Site Description
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Document Review .
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Survey Procedures
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Results .
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Comparison of Results with Guidelines .
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Introduction
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Summary • • •
References
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Appendices
Appendix A : Major Analytical Equipmen t
Appendix B : Measurement and Analytical Procedure s
Appendix C : Regulato ry Guide 1 . 86, Termination of Operating
Licenses for Nuclear Reactor s
L
HDMSP00053814
LIST OF FIGURES
Pag e
FIGURE 1 : General Location of Rockwell International
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FIGURE 5 : Direct Measurements of Floors and Lower Walls .
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FIGURE 6 : Transferable Contamination Surveys
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FIGURE 2 : Building T-093
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FIGURE 3 : General Floor Plan of Building T-093
FIGURE 4 : Surface Scans of Upper Walls and Ceiling
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FIGURE 7 : In-situ Gamma Spectromet ry Measurements
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FIGURE 8 : Elevated Alpha Levels in the Reactor Bay Area .
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FIGURE 9 : Location of 38 Random Grid Blocks on the Floor of the
Reactor Bay Area
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FIGURE 10 : Location of 6 Random Grid Blocks on the Floor of the
Control Room Area
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FIGURE 11 : Location of 8 Random Grid Blocks on the Lower Walls o f
the Reactor Bay Area
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FIGURE 12 : Location of 4 Random Grid Blocks on the Lower Walls of
the Control Room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1
FIGURE 13 : Location of Indoor Exposure Rate Measurements
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FIGURE 14 : Location of 6 Random Surface Soil Samples Aroun d
Building T-093
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FIGURE 15 : Location of 4 Baseline Samples in the Santa Susana Area . . 24
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HDMSP00053815
LIST OF TABLES
Page
TABLE 1 : Gross Alpha Survey Results - Reactor Bay Floor .
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TABLE 2 : Gross Beta Survey Results - Reactor Bay Floor
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TABLE 3 : Gross Alpha Survey Results - Reactor Bay Lower Walls .
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TABLE 4 : Gross Beta Survey Results - Reactor Bay Lower Walls
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TABLE 5 : Gross Alpha Survey Results - Control Room Floor
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TABLE 6 : Gross Beta Survey Results - Control Room Floor .
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TABLE 7 : Gross Alpha Survey Results - Control Room Lower Walls
TABLE 8 : Gross Beta Survey Results - Control Room Lower Walls
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TABLE 9 : Gross Alpha Survey Results - Reactor Bay Upper Walls / Ceilings . 35
TABLE 10 : Gross Beta Survey Results - Reactor Bay Upper Walls/Ceilings
. 36
TABLE 11 : Gross Alpha Survey Results - Control Room Uppe r
Walls / Ceilings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 37
TABLE 12 : Gross Beta Survey Results - Control Room Uppe r
Walls/Ceilings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8
TABLE 13 : Radionuclide Activities in Miscellaneous Media .
TABLE 14 : Indoor Exposure Rate Measurements
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TABLE 15 : Exposure Rates and Radionuclide Concentrations in Surfac e
Soil Samples
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TABLE 16 : Exposure Rates and Radionuclide Concentrations in Surfac e
Soil Baseline Locations
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iii
HDMSP00053816
OF THE
ROCKETDYNE DIVISION
ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL CORPORATIO N
SANTA SUSANA , CALIFORNI A
INTRODUCTIO N
Rockwell International Corporation operated a research reactor at the
Santa Susana Field Laboratories from late 1956 until February 29, 1980 . The
facility operated under an Atomic Energy Commission
( AEC) contract from 1956
through 1972 , followed by Nuclear Regulatory Commission ( NRC) license #R-118,
from 1972 to present .
The reactor was operated to provide a neutron source,
for subcritical experiments , neutron radiography , and training functions .
In March 1980 ,
Rockwell International applied for an NRC order
authorizing dismantling of the facility ,
disposal of the component parts, and
termination of facility license #R- 118 . The fuel solution was transferred to
the Idaho Nuclear Engineering Laboratory in September 1982 , and the NRC issued
a decommissioning order on February 22, 1983 .
submitted a radiation survey report
( RI 86 )
In March 1986 ,
of the decommissioned facility,
indicating that the facility satisfied the NRC guidelines
from licensing restrictions .
Rockwell
( RG 186 ) for release
At the request of the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission ' s Region V Office, the Radiological Site Assessment Program (RSAP)
of Oak Ridge Associated Universities ( ORAU ) conducted a confirmato ry survey of
the L-85 reactor facility
( Building T-093 ) .
This report presents the
procedures and results of that survey .
SITE DESCRIPTIO N
The L-85 reactor was operated by the Rocketdyne Division of Rockwell
International Corporation ,
Laboratories ,
and was located at the Santa Susana Field
slightly northwest of Canoga Park ,
California
( Figure 1) . The
L-85 reactor was housed in Building T-093, which was constructed from concrete
block and sheet metal on a steel
girder
frame . Building T-093
( Figure 2)
consists of the reactor bay area and a small control room, which also contains
a lavatory .
The facility dimensions are 16 .4 in x 9 .7 in,
and the reactor bay
has an open ceiling approximately 10 meters high with an overhead crane
(Figure 3) .
t
HDMSP00053817
DOCUMENT REVIEW
Prior to performing the site survey ,
ORAU performed a review of the
licensee ' s documentation supporting the decommissioning project . ORAU
reviewed the dismantling order
final survey
( RI 86 ),
( NRC 83 ),
decommissioning plan
licensee / NRC correspondence ,
( RI 85), the
and Rockwell internal
documents supporting the decommissioning activity .
Rockwell developed and implemented a thorough ,
decommissioning plan .
dismantling ,
comprehensive
Many items of conce rn addressed by the NRC, during the
were resolved by Rockwell .
ORAU ' s review indicates the
procedures , instrumentation , and data support the final survey report .
SURVEY PROCEDURE S
On September 30 through October 2, 1986 ,
ORAU conducted a confirmatory
radiological survey of the L-85 reactor facility .
The purpose of the survey
was to verify the adequacy and accuracy of the licensee ' s final survey, and to
confirm the radiological condition of the facility relative to the
decommissioning guidelines .
A . Indoor Area s
Griddin g
A 1 m x 1 m grid patte rn was
established on the floor, using the
northwest co rn er of the building as the baseline coordinate (0,0) . Grid
block numbers were assigned sequentially from west to east, and each row
was numbered starting from the west . A similar floor grid was
established in the control room ; the lavatory was not gridded due to its
small size .
A 1 m x 1 m grid ,
1
two meters high ,
was established on lower wall
surfaces . Grid block # 1 was always established in the lower left hand
corner of the wall, and the grid blocks were numbered sequentially from
bottom to top .
HDMSP00053818
Measurements on the upper walls and ceilings were referenced
to building
features , or the floor grid .
Surface Measurement s
RSAP personnel scanned the floors and lower walls with an alpha and
beta-gamma floor monitor and NaI(Tl )
respectively .
gamma scintillation detectors,
Locations inaccessible to the floor monitors were scanned
with hand held alpha scintillation and beta-gamma
Upper wall and overhead surface scanning
piping, fixtures ,
equipment ,
" pancake" detectors .
( Figure 4) on ledges ,
beams,
and ductwork was conducted using hand held
alpha and beta-gamma detectors .
Elevated areas were marked for
additional measurements .
Measurements of total alpha and beta -gamma contamination levels
(Figure 5 )
on random floor and lower wall grid blocks were performed at
the center and four points ,
corners .
Smears (Figure 6 )
midway between the center and grid block
for removable alpha and beta contamination
were performed at the location in each grid block where , the highest total
measurement was obtained .
Total and removable contamination measurements
were also performed on upper walls, ceilings ,
ledges ,
and other
horizontal and vertical surfaces .
Exposure Rate Measurement s
Gamma exposure rates at 1 meter
above the floor were measured at random
locations and areas of elevated gamma
levels, identified by the surface
scans, using a pressurized ionization chamber .
Gamma Spectroscopy Measurement s
An in-situ
gamma spectrum
was collected at each location where gamma
exposure rate measurements were made
(Figure 7) . The spectra was
collectedusing a high purity germanium detector positioned one-half meter
from the surface .
The gamma spectra were used to identify the residual
radionuclide contaminants .
HDMSP00053819
Miscellaneous Sampling
Random samples
of paint were collected in the reactor bay area and the
control room . Samples of residue on horizontal surfaces , concrete dust
and chips, standing water (located in electrical chase), and drain
residues were collected and returned to ORAU for analyses .
B . Outside Area s
ORAU personnel
performed
scintillation detectors ,
all directions .
walkover
surface scans, using gamma
to a distance of 10 meters from the building in
Scans were extended
to cover the
access roads and
parking lots to a distance of 80 meters from the building .
Soil Samplin g
Surface soil samples were collected in east ,
adjacent to Building T-093 .
south ,
and west areas
The area directly north of the building was
covered by a small building and large rock out croppings .
C . Baseline Measurement s
Indoor Area s
Building T-453 located approximately 50 meters south of Building T-093
was used to establish the baseline for gamma exposure rate measurements .
Building T-453 has a similar construction history as T-093, and is
located in a non-restricted area which has no history of non-sealed
source radioactive materials use . Exposure rate measurements and gamma
spectra were collected using the pressurized ionization chamber and the
gamma spectroscopy system .
Outdoor Area s
Gamma exposure rate measurements and surface soil samples were collected
at four off -site locations surrounding the Santa Susana Field Laboratory .
4
HDMSP00053820
Sample Analysis and Interpretation of Dat a
Smears were counted to determine gross alpha and beta activity . Soil
and miscellaneous residue samples were analyzed by gamma spectroscopy for
cobalt - 60, cesium- 137, europium-152/154 ,
identifiable photopeaks .
uranium-238 / 235, and other
Major analytical equipment used in support of this
survey is listed in Appendix A, and Appendix B describes the measurement and
analytical procedures .
Results were compared with guidelines established by the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission for release of facilities for unrestricted use
(Appendix C) . An additional guideline , was established to limit the exposure
rate to 5NR/ h above ambient background at one meter from the surface, or the
licensee may present a worst-case analysis which establishes the dose-rate to
a theoretical individual occupying the area, to less than 10 mrem/year .
RESULTS
Indoor Area s
Baseline Exposure Rat e
The baseline exposure rate of 12 uR/h, was established in Building T-453 .
Surface Scan s
Alpha and
beta-gamma
scans identified
two areas
of elevated alpha
activity in grid blocks 16 and 81 on the floor of the reactor bay
(Figure 8 ) .
These areas
elected to
perform
did not exceed the release guidelines, but Rockwell
further remedial action to ensure that residual
contamination was as low as reasonably achievable .
Surface Contamination Level s
Tables 1 through
8 summarizes
the results of surface contamination
measurements performed on 56 random floor and lower wall grid blocks of
Building T-093 (Figures 9 - 12) . The total activity presented in the table s
HDMSP00053821
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is a direct
measurement which contains non-removable activity, as well as,
removable activity, if present . The total alpha activity ranged from the
minimum detectable activity of 11 dpm/100 cm2 to 460 dpm/100 cm 2, in grid
block 81 . The highest average grid block results (160 dpm/100 cm 2) occurred
in block 16 . The removable alpha activity ranged from an MBA of 3 dpm/100 cm 2
to 14 dpm/100 cm2 . The total beta activity ranged from a MBA of 400 dpm/100
cm2 to 4900 dpm/100 cm 2, in grid block 39 . The highest average grid block
results (1800 dpm/100 cm 2) occured in grid blocks 39 and 47 . The removable
beta activity ranged from an MDA of 7 dpm/100 cm 2 to 12 dpm/100 cm 2 .
Tables 9 through
12 summarize the results
contamination measurements
of 30 single point
surface
performed on upper walls and ceilings of Building
T-093 . The total alpha activity
ranged from an MBA
of 18 dpm/100 cm2 to
160 dpm/100 cm 2, and the removable activity ranged from an MBA of
3 dpm/100 cm2 to 14 dpm/100 cm 2 . The total beta activity ranged from an MDA
of 400 dpm/100 cm 2 to 1400 dpm/100 cm 2, and the removable beta activity ranged
from an MBA of 7 dpm/ 100 cm 2 to 20 dpm / 100 cm 2.
Radionuclide Activity in Miscellaneous Medi a
Table 13 summarizes the radionuclide concentrations in 12 samples of
miscellaneous media . Dust residues were collected at seven locations in the
reactor bay area . Radionuclides in trace amounts were identified in several
of these samples .
One sample collected along the east wall ledge indicated
the presence of Co - 60, Cs-137 ,
Eu-152 ,
Eu-154 ,
and U-238 .
Two paint samples
were collected from the reactor bay and one from the control room ,
bay sample contained Cs-137 and 11-238 in trace amounts .
one reactor
A smear from the sink
trap of the control room lavatory had no detectable radionuclides . The
minimum detectable activities reported are quite high due to the small sample
size and relatively small area smeared .
Concrete chips were collected from
the scabbled area of the Reactor Bay . This sample contained 11 pCi/g of
Eu-152, the highest europium content of any miscellaneous sample .
Radiostrontium analysis on this sample indicated the Sr - 89 was less than 0 .3
pCi/g and Sr-90 was less than 0 .4 pCi/g . A very small sample of standin g
water ( less than 2 ml) was collected from the electrical chase in the reacto r
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6
HDMSP00053822
bay floor .
No identifiable photopeaks were observed .
for gross alpha and beta activity .
The sample was analyzed
The results were 1 . 4 t 0 .8 pCi / 1 alpha and
5 .6 t 1 .2 pCi/1 beta .
Exposure Rate Measurement s
Table 14 summarizes the exposure rate measurements ,
taken at six random
locations and five additional locations identified by surface scans
(Figure 13 ) .
The exposure rate levels in Building T-093 ranged from 12 t o
18 iR / h, compared to a baseline level of 12 yR/h measured in Building T-453 .
The gamma spectra collected in Building T-453 identified only the presence of
natural radionuclides normally present in building materials .
A review of the
gamma spectra collected at each exposure rate measurement location indicated
the presence of Co-60 and Eu-152 in the elevated exposure rate areas .
Although Co-60 and Eu- 152 photopeaks are present in the random locations,
their relative peak areas are considerably smaller and are attributed to the
close proximity of the hot spots from the scabbled floor .
Outside Area s
No locations of elevated direct radiation levels were identified by gamma
scans of the areas within 10 meters of the buildings , parking lots and access
roads, or drainage ditches .
The exposure rates measured at one meter from the
ground at the soil sampling locations ,
ranged from 16 to 18 yR / h, compared to
10 to 13 yR/ h at offsite locations .
slightly elevated ,
Although the onsite locations are
this is probably related to variations in natural
radionuclide concentrations in different types of soil .
1
Soil Sample s
l
Six random soil samples were collected around Building T-093 ,
results are summarized in Table 15
( Figure 14 ) .
and the
The radionuclide
concentrations are typical of concentrations present in four baseline sample s
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HDMSP00053823
collected offsite ( Figure
15) . Only
photopeaks associated with naturally
occurring radionuclides were detected in the surface soil samples .
COMPARISON OF RESULTS WITH GUIDELINE S
The
survey
findings indicate the total residual contamination is less
than the NRC guidelines of 5000 dpm/100 cm 2
maximum, and 1000 dpm/100
cm 2 removable ,
average, 15000 dpm/ 100
cm 2
for alpha residual contamination .
The survey findings also indicate that the total beta residual contamination
is less that the NRC guidelines for Sr-90
1000 dpm/100 cm2 average ,
( most restrictive category),
3000 dpm/ 100 cm 2 maximum ,
and 200 dpm/100
cm 2
removable except for grid blocks 5, 13, 32, 39 , 41, 47, 59, and 67 . However,
strontium 89/90 results of randomly selected concrete samples, analyzed by
ORAU and the licensee ,
indicate the strontium 89/90 contamination to be less
than the minimum detectable activity of 16 dpm (ORAU data ) .
contamination of surface soils was detected .
No radionuclide
The water sample results are
less than the EPA drinking water guidelines of 15 pCi / 1 gross alpha and 50
pCi/1 gross beta .
The only guideline which was not met, was the exposure rate criteria .
The baseline exposure rate was established as 12 ,R / h, and the highest
exposure rate in the reactor bay at one meter above the intersection of grid
blocks 41 ,
due to the
scenario
42, 50 ,
51 was 18 uR/h . This result is probably slightly elevated
" bowl" geomet ry
( RAI 86 )
of the scabbled floor .
The licensee proposed a
of an individual occupying a desk for 2000 hours / per year
adjacent to the scabbled area prior to backfilling . At the highest exposure
rate location ,
this individual would receive a dose of 4 . 4 mrem/ year . Our
data supports their scenario ,
although we differ slightly in predicted dose,
4 mrem per year, which would be within the 10 mrem / year guidelines .
If this
area were backfilled with concrete to render the facility usable, the exposure
rate would likely be reduced to within the guideline level of 5 yR / h above
background .
SUMMARY
At the request of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission ,
Region V Office,
ORAU conduted a confirmatory radiological survey of the Rockwell International
L-85 Reactor facility, located in Santa Susana ,
California .
The survey wa s
8
HDMSP00053824
performed on September 30 through October 2, 1986 . The purpose was to verify
the radiological condition of the facility relative
to NRC
guidelines for
release for unrestricted use . Radiological information collected included
gamma exposure rates , surface contamination levels , gamma spectra, .and
radionuclide concentrations in soil and miscellaneous media .
Based on the final results of the ORAU survey ,
decommissioning documentation ,
facility
and a review of the
it is ORAU ' s opinion that the L - 8 5
Reactor
( Building T-093 ) has been remediated to the existing NRC guidelines,
with the exception of the exposure rate criteria . ORAU suggests that the
ALARA concept has been met, and that restoration of the remediated area will
reduce the exposure rate to the levels established by the Dismantling Order .
9
HDMSP00053825
NOT TO SCALE
FIGURE 1 : General Location of Rockwell International
Santa Susana , California
FIGURE 2 : Building T-093 . The high bay area of Building T-093 housed the L-85 reactor, and the low
wing attached to the left served as the control room .
SHIELD WAL
L
LAVATORY
SHIELD WALL
n
9.7 M
r--,-J
r
I FORMER
I REACTOR
I
LOCATION
I
CONTROL
ROOM
CABLE TROUGH I
r
N
L
-
l-_.._,„--- ~
REACTOR BAY AREA
CONTROL PANEL
l-
-
--
-
16.4 M
FIGURE 3 : General Floor Plan of Building 1-093
lull
upper walls and ceiling using
FIGURE 4 : Surface Scans of Upper Walls and Ceiling . ORAU scanned the
a hydraulic lift provided by Rockwell AI .
contamination
-gamma
Tal alpha and
beta on
the
The grid system (X' s
.
of
Measurements
to leescalers .an odetectors
FIGURE S : Direct
ade uF
u singspo
g
crete .
m
measurements were
area of the con
floor) is visible in the remediated
FIGURE 6 : Transferable Contamination Surveys . Smears were taken at the location of the highes,t
radiation measurement in each grid block .
FIGURE 7 : In-situ Gamma Spectrometry Measurements . Gamma spectra were collected at random locations
and locations of elevated radiation levels, using a high purity germanium detector and 4096
channel pulse height analyzer .
81
}
® AREA OF ELEVATED ALPHA CONTAMINATION, SUBSEQUENTLY
REMOVED BY ROCKWE LL
0 1
I
METER
N
FIGURE 8: Elevated Alpha Levels in the Reactor Bay Area
-~
I
r
-r
38
17
10 0
1
45
83
44
62
72
81
16
79
87
24
5
99
23
32
41
95
59
1
4
13
40
87
85
39
11
10
75
47
19
37 I
93
92
83
1 55 I
I
73 I
I
0 1
METER
FIGURE 9 : Location of 38 Random Grid Blocks on the Floor
of the Reactor Bay Area
I
91
I
I
I
2L
7
21
2
a
22
0
1
L
METE R
FIGURE 10 : Location of 6 Random Grid Blocks on the Floor
of the Control Room Area
EAST WALL
3
SOUTH WAL L
NOR1H WALL
}
14
.5 .
0
1
u
METER
WEST WAL
L
FIGURE 11 : Location of 8 Random Grid Blocks on the Lower Walls
of the Reactor Bay Area
EAST WALL
NORTH WALL
SOUTH WA LL
N
0 1
I
METER
•5
WEST WALL
FIGURE 12 : Location of 4 Random Grid Blocks on the
Lower Walls of the Control Room
36
•
34
•
42
51
41
50
I
•
67
•
58
93
•
56
28
•
ACTUAL MEASUREMENT
• LOCATION
0
1
u
METER
FIGURE 13 : Location of Indoor Exposure Rate Measurement s
1
T
m
~s
.6
I--- 6M -+- 4 M - I
n
v
N
5M
-~
1
FIGURE 14 : Location of 6 Random Surfac e
Soil Samples Around Building 1-093
•3
ROCKWELL CANYON
INTERNATIONA L
N
NO T TO SCAL E
FIGURE 15 : Location of 4 Baseline Samples in the Santa Susana Area
TABLE
1
GROSS ALPHA SURVEY RESULTS - REACTOR BAY FLOOR
I
Grid Blocka
Total Activity (dpm/100 cm2)
Range
Average
4
5
10
11
13
51
<20
51
<20
<20
82
190
82
100
120
16
<14
17
19
23
24
32
19
19
<14
<14
<14
36
37
Removable Acti Zit y
( dpm/100 cm )
59
120
61
61
59
<3
<3
<3
<3
<3
1400b
330b
<3
100
37
56
37
37
45
24
33
17
19
<3
<3
<3
<3
<3
<14
37
22
<3
<14
56
21
<3
39
41
210
80
<3
40
41
44
45
<14
37
28
37
46
26
<14
28
30
<3
<3
<3
<3
<14
<14
19
47
37
74
57
<3
55
<14
46
30
<3
59
<14
37
26
<3
62
63
67
72
73
<11
<11
20
41
28
51
61
41
61
39
35
35
45
<3
<3
<3
<3
93
45
<3
46
61
5300b
56
56
46
33
51
930b
28
35
22
100
48
<3
65
56
30
34
<3
<3
93
46
<3
75
19
79
81
83
85
87
91
92
93
41
<20
<14
<14
<14
28
<14
19
95
37
<3
<3
14 t io c
<3
<3
<3
25
HDMSP00053841
TABLE 1 ( Continued )
ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL
Grid Block
99
100
16b
81b
Release Criteria
Total Activity ( dpm/100 cm2 )
Range
Average
Removable Activit y
(dpm/100 cm )
<14 - 110
51 - 270
39
120
<3
<3
<14 - 390
<20 - 460
160
120
<3
<3
15000
5000
100 0
aRefer to Figure 9 .
bArea recleaned and surveyed . Additional data provided at bottom of
table .
cError is 2a based only on counting statistics .
i
26
HDMSP00053842
TABLE 2
GROSS BETA SURVEY RESULTS - REACTOR BAY FLOOR
Grid Blocka
Range
Removable Activit y
Average
(dpm/100 cm 2 )
950
1450c
820
770
1000c
790
840
960
640
670
1600c
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
790
<7
590
1800c
840
1500c
760
730
1800c
730
1600c
990
780
1000c
800
710
650
980
770
<490
<7
<7
<7
4
5
10
11
13
16
17
19
23
24
32
680
650
440
580
850
750
<440
540
<490
<490
820
-
1200
2500
1000
920
1200
1800
1400
1100
1200
1200
2700
36
<490 -
880
37
39
40
<490 - 780
510 - 4900c
<490 - 1600
41
1200 - 1700
44
45
47
55
59
62
63
67
72
73
75
79
81
83
540
<490
990
540
850
680
<440
750
<440
<490
<490
680
<440
<490
85
<490 - 990
550
8 ± 6
87
91
92
<490 - 1100
<490 - 1500
<490 - 950
670
730
650
10 ± 7
<7
<7
-
990
1200
3600c
1000
3300c
1800
1100
1300
1300
1300
1100
1300
1300
680
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
12 ± 8b
<7
<7
<7
27
HDMSP00053843
TABLE 2 ( Continued )
Grid Block
93
95
99
100
Total Activity ( dpm/100 cm 2 )
Range Average
<490
<490
510
<440
Release Criteria
-
1100
510
1100
1200
3000
Removable Activit y
( dpm/100 cm 2)
<490
<490
710
890
<7
<7
<7
<7
1000
20 0
bError is 2a based only on counting statistics .
CExceeds criteria for Sr-90 .
Sr-90 analysis of concrete samples indicates
.
minimal presence of Sr-90
~( G
t
28
HDMSP00053844
TABLE 3
GROSS ALPHA SURVEY RESULTS - REACTOR BAY LOWER WALLS
SANTA SUSANA, CALIFORNIA
Grid Blocka
Wall
Locations
Range Average
Removable Activit y
( dpm/100 cm2 )
5
North
31 - 100
57
<3
17
North
<20 - 100
65
<3
3
East
51 - 200
98
<3
19
East
51 - 170
110
<3
14
South
82 - 170
130
<3
16
South
61 - 210
130
<3
6
West
<20 - 200
94
<3
13
West
<20 - 37
22
<3
Release Criteria
15000
5000
100 0
q7
29
HDMSP00053845
TABLE 4
GROSS BETA SURVEY RESULTS - REACTOR BAY LOWER WALLS
Grid Blocka Wall Total Activity (dpm/100 cm 2) Removable Activity
Location
Range
Average (dpm/100 cm 2 )
5
North
<440 - 540
<440
<7
17
North
<440 - 540
<440
<7
3
East
<440 - 480
<440
<7
19
East
<440
< 440
14
South
<440 - 610
<440
10 ± 7
16
South
<440 - 610
<440
<7
9 ± 7b
6
West
<440
< 440
10 ± 7
13
West
<440
<440
<7
3000
1000
20 0
Release Criteria
bError is 2Q based only on counting statistics .
d$
30
HDMSP00053846
TABLE 5
GROSS ALPHA SURVEY RESULTS - CONTROL ROOM FLOOR
Grid Blocka
Range Average
Removable Activit y
(dpm/100 cm )
2
<18- 73
25
<3
7
<18-
82
58
<3
8
<18 - 46
<18
<3
21
<18 64
35
<3
22
<18- 82
36
<3
<18 - 270
70
<3
5000
100 0
2Lb
Release Criteria
15000
bL refers to area in lavatory .
yq
31
HDMSP00053847
TABLE 6
GROSS BETA SURVEY RESULTS - CONTROL ROOM FLOOR
Grid Blocka
Total Activity ( dpm/100 cm 2)
Range Average
Removable Activit y
(dpm/100 cm 2 )
2
<400 - 530
<400
<7
7
<400
<400
<7
8
<400
<400
<7
21
<400 - 560
<400
<7
22
<400 - 680
<400
<7
<400 - 650
<400
<7
3000
1000
20 0
2Lb
Release Criteria
32
HDMSP00053848
TABLE 7
GROSS ALPHA SURVEY RESULTS - CONTROL ROOM LOWER WALLS
Grid Blocka Wall
Location
Range Average
Removable Activit y
( dpm/100 cm2 )
4
North
<18 - 42
25
<3
6
East
<18 - 55
37
<3
3
South
<18
<3
5
West
<18
<3
5000
100 0
Release Criteria
<18
<18 - 27
15000
33
HDMSP00053849
TABLE 8
GROSS BETA SURVEY RESULTS - CONTROL ROOM LOWER WALLS
Grid Blocka
Wal l
Location
Range Average
Removable Activit y
(dpm/100 cm 2 )
4
North
<400
<400
<7
6
East
<400
<400
<7
3
South
<400 - 650
<400
<7
5
West
<400 - 470
<400
<7
3000
1000
20 0
Release Criteria
34
HDMSP00053850
1
TABLE 9
GROSS ALPHA SURVEY RESULTS - REACTOR BAY UPPER WALLS / CEILINGS
Locatio n
Total Activi~ya
( dpm/100 cm )
Removable Activity
( dpm/100 cm )
West Wall-4m high @ 9m
N
37
<3
West
Wall-6m
high
@
6m
N
37
<3
Ceiling ( Grid
Block
38
Floor)
27
<3
West Wall-7m high @ llm
N
<18
<3
Traveling Crane Support NW Corner <18 <3
North Wall - 5m
high
@
2m
E
37
<3
North
Wall-6m
high
@
6m
E
55
<3
North
Wall-7m
high
@
Sm
E
27
<3
East Wall-8m high @ 9 .5m
N
64
<3
East Wall-4m high @ 10m
N
46
<3
East Wall -4m
high
@
8m
N
37
<3
Ceiling Beam-7m high @ 6 .5m N x 4 .5m
E
160
10
t
8b
Ceiling ( Grid
Block
34
Floor)
<18
<3
East
Wall-5m
high
@
5m
N
64
<3
Ceiling Beam-8m high @ 6m
N
x
4m
E
27
<3
Ceiling ( Grid
Block
81
Floor)
110
<3
East Wall-4m high @ 3m
N
37
<3
South Wall-3m high @ 9m
E
<18
<3
South Wall - 5m
high
@
8m
E
110
<3
Ceil !-g (Grid Block 95 Floor) 120 <3
South Wall-5m high @ 3m
E
120
<3
Ceiling ( Grid
Block
91
Floor)
<18
<3
West Wall - 6m
high
@
3m
N
82
<3
West Wall - 7m
high
@
6m
N
130
<3
West Wall-5m high @ Sm
N
120
14
±
10
15000
Release Criteria
100 0
aSingle point measurements performed at random locations .
35
HDMSP00053851
TABLE 1 0
GROSS BETA SURVEY RESULTS - REACTOR BAY UPPER WALLS / CEILINGS
Location
Total Activit2ya Removable Acti 2ity
( dpm/100 cm )
( dpm/100 cm )
14 ± 7 b
West Wall -4m high @ 9m N
450
West Wall -6m high @ 6m N
<440
<7
Ceiling ( Grid Block 38 Floor )
West Wall - 7m high @ 11m N
Traveling Crane Support NW Corner
North Wall-5m high @ 2m E
North Wall-6m high @ 6m E
North Wall -7m high @ 5m E
East Wall - 8m high @ 9 .5m N
East Wall -4m high @ 10m N
East Wall-4m high @ 8m N
Ceiling Beam-7m high @ 6 .5m N x 4 .5m E
East Wall-5m high @ Sm N
Ceiling Beam- 8m high @ 6m N x 4m E
Ceiling ( Grid Block 81 Floor)
East Wall-4m high @ 3m N
South Wall-3m high @ 9m E
Ceiling (Grid Block 91 Floor)
West Wall-6m high @ 3m N
West Wall - 7m high @ 6m N
< 440
<440
<440
<440
1400
<440
<440
820
1100
1400
< 440
<440
<440
450
990
<440
1300
< 440
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
20 ±
<7
13 ±
<7
<7
<7
<7
<7
9 ±
12 ±
<7
1200
<7
650
650
710
<7
13 ± 7
<7
West Wall-5m high @ 5m N
<440
12 ± 7
Release Criteria
3000
9
7
6
7
20 0
36
5#
HDMSP00053852
TABLE 1 1
GROSS ALPHA SURVEY RESULTS - CONTROL ROOM UPPER WALLS / CEILING
Location
Total
Activiya
( dpm/100 cm )
Ceiling ( Grid Block 20 Floor) 27
E
<18
South Wall - 3m high @ 1 . 5m
Removable Activit y
(dpm/100 cm )
<3
<3
Top of Ventilation Duct @ 5m E of Wes t
Wall
27
Ceiling ( Grid Block 2 Floor) <18
Ceiling (Grid Block 3Lb Floor <18
Release
Criteria
15000
<3
<3
<3
100 0
}
37
HDMSP00053853
TABLE 1 2
GROSS BETA SURVEY RESULTS - CONTROL ROOM UPPER WALLS / CEILING
Location
Total
Activit2ya
(dpm/100 cm )
Ceiling (Grid Block 20 Floor) <400
South Wall-3m high @ 1 .5m E <400
Removable Activity
(dpm/100 cm 2 )
<7
<7
Top of Ventilation Duct @ 5m E of Wes t
Wall
<400
Ceiling (Grid Block 2 Floor) <400
Ceiling (Grid Block 3Lb Floor) <400
Release
Criteria
3000
<7
<7
<7
20 0
b L refers to area in lavatory .
38
HDMSP00053854
TABLE 1 3
RADIONUCLIDE ACTIVITIES IN MISCELLANEOUS MEDIA
Sample No .
Location
Co-60
Cs-137
Radionuclide Activity (dpm/100 cm 2) a
Eu-152 Eu-154 U-23 8
1- Residue Reactor Bay North Wal l
Beam
<1 .5 17 ± 6b
2- Residue Reactor Bay East Wal l
<1 .0
Beam
<0 .7
2 .1 ± 1 .5
Beam
<0 .7
Ledge
1 .0 ± 0 .7 6 .3 ± 1 .6
5- Residue Reactor Bay South Wal l
2 .6 ± 0 . 9
Ledge
<2 . 9
6- Residue
7- Residue
8- Paint
9- Paint
10-Paint
11-Smear
12-Conrete
Reactor Bay West Wal l
Ledge
<0 .8
Reactor Bay Floor <0 .2
Reactor Bay North Wall <12
Reactor Bay South Wall <10
Control Room North Wall <6 .6
Lavatory Sink Trap <11
Chipsc Reactor Bay-Floor
0 .9 ± 0 .7
<3 .6
<1 .8
<1 .7
<0 .8
15 ±7 <2 . 0
<1 .5
<O . 7
<3 .1
1 .8 ± 1 .6 0 .9 ± 0 .8
<O.9
<0 . 5
<2 .1
<1 .6 <0 .9
0 .7 ± 0 .2 0 .3 ± 0 .2 0 .2 ± 0 . 1
<13
<7 .0
<7 .9
35 ± 18 <15 <7 .3
<6 .6
<11
<6 . 6
<11
<17
<8 . 2
<0 .4
U-23 5
11 ±2 <0 .9
<0 .9
<7 .1
22 ± 8 <1 .7
1 .7 ± 0 .7 <1 . 9
23 ± 10 <5 .0
1 .6 ± 0 .7 <O . 3
<160 <33
303 ± 173 <44
<56 <35
<70 <4 1
<4 .1
<1 . 4
aSample was collected from an area exceeding 100 cm 2, but the data has been normalized to 100 cm 2 .
bError is 2o based only on counting statistics .
cConcrete chips and dust were collected from scabbled area of the Reactor Bay Floor .
in pCi/g .
Results are reported
TABLE 1 4
INDOOR EXPOSURE RATE MEASUREMENTS
Grid Blocks
Location
Exposure Rate (pR/h )
at 1 m Above Surfac e
Reactor Bay
Reactor Bay
11
28
Reactor Bay
36
Reactor Bay
Reactor Bay
56
67
13
13
14
13
14
Reactor Bay
93
12
Reactor
Reactor
Reactor
Reactor
Reactor
Bay
Bay
Bay
Bay
Bay
34
61
58
31
Corner 41/42 and 50/51
Bldg . T-453 Center of Bldg .
14
17
15
14
18
12
(Background Location )
40
HDMSP00053856
TABLE 1 5
EXPOSURE RATES AND RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE SOIL SAMPLES
Locations
Exposure Rate Radionuclide Concentrations (pCi/g )
At 1 m From Surface
Co-60 Cs-137 Eu-152 Eu-154 U-238 U-235
(pR/h )
47 .5m West of Reactor Bldg .
42 .5m West of Reactor Bldg .
5m East of Reactor Bldg .
10m East of Reactor Bldg .
6m South of Reactor Bldg .
10m South of Reactor Bldg .
18
16
16
16
16
16
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 . 1-
a Refer to Figure 14 .
0 . 4 ± 0.1b
< 0 .1 <0 .1
<0 . 1
<0 .1 <0 . 1
<0 . 1
<0 .1 <0 .1
0 .4 ± 0 .1 <0.1
< 0 .1
0 . 1 ± 0 .1 <0. 1 <0 .1
<0 .1
<0.1 <0 .1
1 .4
2 .5
1 .0
1 .3
2 .1
2 .1
±
±
±
±
±
±
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .8
0 .6
0 .6
<0 .2
<0 .2
<0.2
<0 .2
<0 .2
<0 . 2
TABLE 1 6
EXPOSURE RATES AND RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE SOIL BASELINE LOCATIONS
Locationa
Exposure Rate
At 1 m From Surface
Woolsey Canyon Rd .
1 .6 km from gate
Radionuclide Concentrations (pCi/g )
Eu-152
Eu-154
U-238
Co-60
Cs-137
13
<0 .1
<0.1
<0 .1
<0 .1
Woolsey Canyon Rd. @
Valley Circle
13
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
Valley Circle @
Schumann Drive
13
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<1 .5
<0 . 3
Valley Circle @
Roscoe Dr .
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<0 .1
<1 .5
<0 . 3
10
Bldg . T-45 3
(indoor)
12
_c
cExposure rate data only .
<0 .7
0 .7 ± 0 .4b
U-23 5
<0 . 2
<0 . 2
REFERENCE S
NRC 83 Rockwell Inte rn ational ,
Docket No . 50- 375, Order Authorizing
Dismantling of Facility and Disposition of Component Parts ,
USNRC,
Division of Licensing , February 22, 1983 .
RAI 86 Letter from M . E . Remley ,
03/06 / 86 . Attachment :
Rockwell A .I . to H .
Denton, USNRC, dated
Revised Radiation Survey Report for L-85
Nuclear Examination Reactor (7) .
RG 186 Regulatory Guide 1 .86, "Termination of Operating Licenses for Nuclear
Reactors ", USNRC .
RI 85 Procedure for Dismantling and Decontaminating the L-85 Reactor
Facility,
Rocketdyne Division ,
Rockwell International Corporation,
July 9, 1985 .
RI 86 Radiation Survey Report of the L- 85 Reactor Facility Following
Dismantlement and Decontaminaton of the Facility , Docket No . 50-375,
Rocketdyne Division, Rockwell International Corporation,
March 6, 1986 .
i
43
HDMSP00053859
APPENDIX A
MAJOR ANALYTICAL EQUIPMEN T
t
HDMSP00053860
APPENDIX A
i
Major Analytical Equipmen t
The display or description of a specific product
is not to be construed
as an endorsement of that product or its manufacturer by the authors or their
employer .
A . Direct Radiation Measurement s
Eberline "RASCAL"
Portable Ratemeter - Scaler
Model PRS- 1
(Eberline, Sante Fe, NM )
Eberline PRM-6
Portable Ratemeter
(Eberline , Sante Fe, NM )
Ludlum Alpha Beta Floor Monitor
Model 239-1
(Ludlum, Sweetwater, TX )
Ludlum Model 2220
Portable Scaler-Ratemeter
(Ludlum, Sweetwater, TX )
Eberline Alpha Scintillation Probe
Models AC-3-7
(Eberline,
Sante Fe, NM )
Eberline Beta-Gamma " Pancake" Probe
Model HP-26 0
(Eberline, Sante Fe, NM )
Victoreen Beta-Gamma "Pancake" Probe
Model 489-11 0
(Victoreen, Inc ., Cleveland, OH )
Reuter-Stokes Pressurized Ionization Chamber
Model RSS-11 1
(Reuter -Stokes, Cleveland, OH )
Victoreen NaI Gamma Scintilltion Probe
Model 489-55
(Victoreen, Inc ., Cleveland, OH )
High Purity Germanium Detector
Model GEM- 13180-S , 13% efficiency
(EG&G ORTEC , Oak Ridge, TN)
A-1
HDMSP00053861
Multichannel Analyzer
Canberra Series 3 0
(Canberra Instruments , Meridian, CT )
B . Laboratory Analyse s
Low Background Alpha- Beta Counter
Model LB5110-208 0
(Tennelec, Inc ., Oak Ridge, TN )
Source
Am-241
Cs-137
Serial #
Calibration Efficienc y
1777-3-84
2069-2-15
.276
.41 1
Ge(Li) Detector s
Model LGCC2220SD, 23% efficienc y
(Princeton Gamma-Tech , Princeton, NJ )
Used in conjunction with :
Lead Shield, SPG-1 6
(Applied Physical Technology, Smyrna, GA )
High-Purity Germanium Detecto r
Model GMX-23195-S, 23% efficienc y
(EG&G ORTEC, Oak Ridge, TN )
Used in conjunction with :
Lead Shield, G-1 6
(Gamma Products Inc ., Palos Hills, IL )
Multichannel Analyze r
ND-66/ND 680 System
(Nuclear Data , Inc ., Schaumburg, IL )
High Purity Germanium Coaxial Well Detecte r
Model GWL 110210- PWS-S , 23 % efficienc y
(EG&G ORTEC, Oak Ridge, TN)
C.
Site Specific Equipment Lis t
Scaler / Ratemeter
Detector
Calibration Dat e
PRM-6
#5
Nal
#11
PRM-6
#6
NaI
# 8
Daily Onsit e
Daily Onsit e
PRM-6
PRM-6
RASCAL
#8
#9
#11
NaI
NaI
AC-3
#14
#13
# 3
Daily Onsit e
Daily Onsit e
09/24/8 6
RASCAL
#13
AC-3
#12
09/23/8 6
RASCAL
RASCAL
RASCAL
RASCAL
#14
#13
#14
#14
AC-3
HP-260
HP-260
HP-260
#14
#13
# 7
#11
09/23/8 6
09/24/8 6
09/24/8 6
09/24/86
GY
A-2
HDMSP00053862
APPENDIX B
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE S
t
HDMSP00053863
APPENDIX B
Analytical Procedure s
Alpha and Beta-gamma Measurement s
Measurements of total alpha radiation levels were performed using
Eberline Model PRS-1 portable scaler / ratemeters with Model AC-3 - 7 alpha
scintillation probes .
Measurements of total beta -gamma radiation levels were
performed using Eberline Model PRS-1 portable scaler / ratemeters with Model
HP-260 thin-window " pancake " G-M probes .
disintegration rates
( dpm/100 cm 2)
Count rates
( cpm) were converted to
by dividing the net rate by the
efficiency and correcting for the active area of the detector .
factors
( i .e . backscatter )
can affect the calibration ,
insignificant for the measurements performed .
4w
Although other
they are considered
Effective window areas were 59
cm2 for the ZnS detectors and 15 cm 2 for the G-M detectors .
Background count
rates for ZnS alpha probes averaged approximately 1 cpm ;
the average
background count rate was approximately 40 cpm for the G -M detectors .
Surface Sca n
Surface scans of grid blocks in the facility were performed by passing
the probes slowly over the surface .
The distance between the probe and the
surface was maintained at a minimum - nominally about 1 cm . Identification of
elevated levels was based on increases in the audible signal from the
recording or indicating instrument .
Alpha and beta-gamma scans of large
surface areas on the floor of the facility were accomplished by use of a gas
proportional floor monitor , with a 600 cm 2 sensitive area . The instrument is
slowly moved in a systematic patte rn
}
to cover 100% of the accessible area .
Combinations of detectors and instrument for the scans were :
Beta-Gamma - G-M probe with PRM-6 ratemeter .
Beta-Gamma - G -M probe with "RASCAL" scaler/ratemeter . .
- NaI scintillation detector (3 .2 cm x 3 .8 cm crystal) with
PRM-6 ratemeter .
Alpha - ZnS probe with "RASCAL" scaler/ ratemeter .
Alpha /Beta - Gas proportional floor monitor with PRM-6 ratemeter or
Ludlum Model 2220 scaler / ratemeter .
Gamma
I
B-1
HDMSP00053864
Gamma Exposure Rate Measurement s
Measurements of gamma exposure rates were performed using a Reuter -Stokes
pressurized ionization chamber . The average of a minimum of five readings was
determined at a distance of 1 meter from the surface to the center of the
chamber .
Gamma spectra was collected at each location where exposure rate
measurements were made ,
using a portable high purity germanium detector and
MCA system .
Removable Contamination Measurement s
Smears for determination of removable contamination levels were collected
on numbered filter paper disks 47 mm in diameter , then placed in individually
labeled envelopes with the location and other pertinent information recorded .
The smears were counted on a low background alpha-beta counter .
Soil Sample Analysi s
Soil samples were dried ,
Marinelli beaker .
mixed ,
and a portion sealed in 0 .5-liter
The quantity placed in each beaker was chosen to reproduce
the calibrated counting geometry and ranged from 400 to 900 g of soil . Net
soils weights were determined and the samples counted using Ge(Li) and
intrinsic germanium detectors coupled to a Nuclear Data Model ND-680 pulse
height analyzer system .
identification ,
Background and Compton stripping ,
peak search, peak
and concentration calculations were performed using the
computer capabilities inherent in the analyzer system .
The individual spectra
were reviewed for identifiable photopeaks related to nuclear fuels,
activation ,
or fission products .
Miscellaneous Medi a
Miscellaneous media of ve ry
small sample size
( dust, residue ,
standing
water, concrete chips, etc .) were analyzed in a high-purity Germanium Coaxial
well detector coupled to a Nuclear Data Model ND-680 pulse height analyzer .
The individual spectra were reviewed for identifiable photopeaks related to
fuel , activation ,
or fission products .
B-2
HDMSP00053865
Errors and Detection Limit s
The errors associated with the analytical data presented in the tables of
this report, represent the 95% (2a)
errors were calculated ,
confidence levels for that data . These
based on both the gross sample count levels and the
associated background count levels .
When the net sample count was less than
the 2a statistical deviation of the background count , the sample concentration
was reported as less than the minimum detectable activity
(<MDA) or
concentration (<MDC) . Because of variation in Compton contribution from other
radionuclides in the samples ,
the MDA ' s/MDC's for specific radionuclides
differ from sample to sample .
Calibration and Quality Assurance
Laboratory and field survey procedures are documented in manuals
developed specifically for the Oak Ridge Associated Universities '
Radiological
Site Assessment Program .
With the exception of the measurements conducted with portable gamma
scintillation survey meters ,
standards .
instruments were calibrated with NBS-traceable
The calibration procedures for the portable gamma instruments are
performed by comparison with an NBS calibrated pressurized ionization
chamber .
Gamma spectrometry systems are calibrated as needed using NBS
traceable standards ;
efficiency factors ,
quarterly NBS traceable standards are counted to verify
and daily backgrounds and standards are counted to check
calibration drift or loss of resolution .
Quality assurance results are
maintained on file .
Quality control procedures on all instruments included daily background
and check-source measurements to confirm equipment operation within acceptable
statistical fluctuations .
The ORAU laboratory participates in the EPA and EML
Quality Assurance Programs .
I
B-3
HDMSP00053866
APPENDIX C
REGULATORY GUIDE 1 .86
TERMINATION OF OPERATING LICENSE S
FOR NUCLEAR REACTORS
Mesta 1117 4
U .$ . ATOMIC ENERGY COMMIT=ION
R EG ULATORY GUID E
DIRECTORATE OF REGULATORY $TANOARO =
REGULATORY GUIDE l U
TERMINATION OF OPERATING LICENSES
FOR NUCLEAR REACTOR S
A . INTRODUCTIO N
Section 5031 , "Dura ti on of license , renewal," of 10
CFR Part 50, "Li cenm g of Production and Utilization
Facilities ," requires that each license to operate a
production and utilizati on facility be issued for a
specified duration . Upon expiration of the specified
period , the license may be either renewed or terminated
by the Commission. Section 50 .82 , "Appli cations for
termination of licenses," specifies the requirements that
must be satisfied to terminate an operating license,
including the requirement that the dismantlement of the
facility and disposal of the component pa rts not be
inimical to the common defense and security or to the
health and safety of the public . This guide describes
methods and procedures considered acceptable by the
Regulato ry staff for the termination of operating
licenses for nuclear reactors . The Advisory Committee
on Reactor Safeguards has been consulted concerning
this guide and has concurred in the regulatory position .
B . DISCUSSIO N
When a licensee decides to terminate his nuclear
reactor operating license, he may , as a first step in the
process , request that his operating li cense be amended to
restrict him to possess but not operate the facili ty . The
advantage to the licensee of conve rting to such a
possession-only license is reduced surveillance require .
menu in that peri odic surveillance of equipment im
portant to the safety of reactor operation is no longer
required . On ce this possession-o nly license is issued,
reactor operation is not permitted . Other activities
related to cessati on of operations such as unloading fuel
from the reactor and placi ng it in storage (either onsne
of offsite) may be continued .
I
USAEC REGULATORY GUIDE S
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torio .m. Rq.rr«r Gi qw am rot ,, tnutw is elubne .v a..s ~ow.w..n
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a . p..d. wit . to -.ta01. S t. ..r .ices-u a rw to it. Iwd .... weutw to
a.. ou..w or orw wr..o M . . .rant or YO. .ra .r 11W Cawnr.*n .
FttDli/ ..e i soN to ,owt4 trioAo6Y . - ..Oro.n .ts . to a.oow..r..e.s
tbrnn-ns tn0 to r.t .cl .ia
wdorw- tdn or .it0 .r•.••1a .
A licensee having a possession-only license must
retain, with the Part 50 license , authorization for special
nuclear material ( 10 CFR Part 70, "Special Nuclear
Material"), byproduct material ( 10 CFR Part 30 , "Rules
of General Applicability to licensing of Byproduct
Material"), and source material ( 10 CFR Part 40,
"licensing of Source Material "), until the fuel, radioactive components, and sources are removed from the
facility . Appropriate administrative controls and fatuity
requirements are imposed by the Part 50 license and the
technical specifi cati ons to assure that proper surveillance
is performed and that the reactor facility is maintained
in a safe condition and not operated .
A possession-only license permits various options and
pro cedures for decommissioning, such as mothballing,
entombment, or dismantling . The requirements imposed
depend on the option selected .
Section 50 .82 provides that the li censee may dismantle and dispose of the component parts of a nucle ar
reactor in accordance with existing regulations . For
research reactors and critical facilities , this has usually
meant the disassembly of a reactor and its shipment
offeite , sometimes to another appropriately licensed
orpni zati on for further use . The ste from which a
reactor has been removed must be decontaminated, as
necessary , and inspected by the Commission to determine whether unrestricted access can be approved . In
the case of nuclear power reactors , dismantling has
usually been accomplished by shipping fuel offsite,
making the rea ctor inoperable , and disposing of some of
the radioactive components .
Radioactive components may be either shipped oft
site for burial at an authorized burial ground or secured
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ubuc
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C-1
HDMSP00053868
fluids and waste should be removed from the inc .
Adequate radiation monitoring, environmental surveillance, and appropriate security procedures should be
established under a possession-only license to ensure that
the health and safety of the public is not endangered .
on the site . Those radioactive materials remaining on the
site must be isolated from the public by physical barriers
or other means to prevsstt public access to hazardous
levels of radiation . Surveillance is necessary to assure the
long term integrity of the barren . The amount of
surveillance required depends upon ( l) the potential
hazard to the health and safety of the public from
radioactive material remaining on the site and (2) the
integrity of the physical barriers . Before areas may be
released for unrestriaed use, they must have bean
decontaminated or the radioactivity must have de cayed
to less than prescribed limits (Table I) .
b . In-Place Eatombmmt In-place entombment conasta of sealing all the remaining highly radioactive or
contaminated components (e .g ., the pressure vessel and
reactor in te rnals) within a structure integral with the
biological shield after having all fuel assemblies, radioactive fluids and wastes , and certain selected components shipped offsite . The structure should provide
integrity over the period of time in which signifi cant
quantities (greater than Table I levels ) of radioactivity
remain with the material in the entombment . An
appropriate and continuing surveill an ce program should
be established under a possession-only license .
The hazard associated with the retired facility is
evaluated by considering the amount and type of
remaining contamination , the degree of confinement of
the remaining radioactive materials , the physi cal security
provided by the confinement , the susceptibility to
release of radiati on as a result of natural phenomena,
and the duration of required surveillan ce .
C. REGULATORY POSITION
1. APPLICATION FOR A LICENSE TO POSSESS BUT
NOT OPERATE (POSSESSION -0NLY LICENSE)
A request to amend an operating li cense to a
possession-only li cense should be made to the Director
of Licensing, U.S . Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D .C. 20545 . The request should incl ude the
following informati on :
a . A description of the current status of the facility .
b . A description of measures that will be taken to
prevent cri ti cality or reactivity changes and to minimize
releases of radioactivity fro m the facility .
c . Any proposed changes to the technica l specifi cations that reflect the possession -only facility status and
the necessary disassembly / retirement activities to be
performed
d. A safety analysis of both the a ctivities to be
accomplished and the proposed changes to the technical
specifi cations .
i
e. An inventory of activated materials and their
location in the facility .
2. ALTERNATIVES FOR REACTOR RETIREMEN T
Four alte rn atives for retirement of nu cl ear reactor
facilities are considered acceptable by the Regulatory
staff. These are :
a . Mothballing. Mothballing of a nuclear reactor
facility consists of putting the facility in a state of
protective storage. In general, the facility may be left
intact except that all fuel assemb lies and the radioactive
c. Removal of . Radioactive Components and Di
mantling. All fuel assemblies , radioactive fluids and
waste , and other materials having activities above accepted unrestricted activity levels (Table I) should be
removed from the site . The facility owner may then have
unrestriaed use of the site with no requirement for a
license . If the facility owner so desires, the remainder of
the reactor facility may be dismantled and all vesti ges
removed and disposed of.
d . Conversion to a New Nuclear System or a Fossil
Fuel System. This alternative , which applies only to
nuclear power plants, utilizes the existing turbine system
with a new steam supply system. The original nucl ear
steam supply sy stem should be separated from the
electric generating sy stem and disposed of in accordance
with one of the previous three retirement alternatives .
3 . SURVEILLANCE AND SECURITY FOR THE RETIREMENT ALTERNATIVES WHOSE FINAL
STATUS REQUIRES A POSSESSION-ONLY
LICENSE
A facility which has been licensed under a possession-only license may contain a significant amount of
radioac tivity in the form of activated and contaminated
h ar dw are and structural materials . Surveillance and
commensurate security should be provided to assu re that
the public health and safety are not endangered .
a. Physical security to prevent inadve rtent exposure
of personnel should be provided by multiple locked
barriers. The presence of these barrie rs should make it
extremely difficult for an unauthorized person to gain
access to ar eas where radiation or contamination levels
exceed those specified to Regulatory Position C .4 . To
prevent inadvertent exposure , radiation areas above 5
mRjhr, such as near the activated prima ry system of a
power plant, should be appropriately marked and should
not be accessible except by curling of welded cl osures or
the disassembly and removal of substantial structures//
C-2
HDMSP00053869
(1) Environmental surveys,
and for shielding material . Mans such as a remote readout intruaon alarm system should be p rovided to
indicate to desiptated personnel when a physical barrier
is penet ra ted . Secunty personnel that p ro vide access
control to the facility may be used instead of the
physical barriers and the intrusion alarm systems .
(2) Facility radiation surveys .
(3) inspections of the physical barriers, and
(4) Abnormal occurrences.
b . The phyr;cal barriers to unauthorized entrance
into the facility, e.g ., fences, buildings, welded doors,
and access openings, should be inspected at least
quarterly to astute that these barriers have not deteriorated and that locks and locking apparatus an : intact .
4 . DECONTAMINATION FOR RELEASE FOR UNRESTRICTED USfe
c . A facility radiation survey should be performed at
least quarterly to ve rify that no radioactive material is
escaping or being t ransported through the containment
barriers in the facility . Sampling should be done along
the most probable path by which radioactive mate rial
such as that stored in the inner containment re gions
could be transported to the outer regions of the facility
and ulti mately to the environs.
d. An environmental radiation survey should be
performed at least semiannuall y to verify that no
signfiant amounts of ra diation have been released to the
environment from the facility. Samples such as soil,
vegetation, and water should be taken at locations for
which statisti cal data has been established during reactor
operations .
e . A site representative should be designated to be
responsible for controlling authorized access into and
movement within the facility.
f. Administra tive procedures should be established
for the notifi cation and reporting of abnormal -occurrences such as (1) the entrance of an unauthorized
person or persons into the facility and (2) a significant
change in the radia tion or contamina ti on levels in the
facility or the offsite envir onment .
g. The following reports should be made :
(1) An annual report to the Director of Li censing,
U.S . Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D .C .
20545 , desc ri bing the resul ts of the envuonmenul and
facility ra diation surveys, the s ta tus of the facility, and
an evaluation of the performance of security and
surveillance measures .
I
i
I
If it is desired to terminate a license and to eliminate
any further surveil lance requirements , the facility should
be sufficiently decontaminated to prevent risk to the
public health and safety . After the decontamination is
satisfactorily accomplished and the site inspected by
the Commission , the Commission may authorize the
license to be terminated and the facili ty abandoned or
released for unrestricted use . The licensee should perform the decontamination using the following guidelines :
a. The licensee should nuke a reasonable effort to
eliminate residual contamination.
b . No covering should be applied to ra dioac tive
surfaces of equipment or structures by paint, plating, or
other covering material until it is known that contamination levels (determined by a survey and documented) are
below the limits specified in Table 1 . In addition, a
reasonable effort should be made (and documented) to
further minimize contamination pri or to any such
covenng.
c . The radioactivity of the interior surfaces of pipes,
drain lines, or ductwork should be determined by
making measurements at all traps and other appropriate
access points , provided contamination at these lo cations
is likely to be represen ta tive of contamination on the
interior of the pipes, drain lines, or ductwork . Surfaces
of premises, equipment. or scrap which are likely to be
contaminated bu: are of such size , construction, or
loca tion as to make the surface inaccessible for purposes
of measurement should be assumed to be contaminated
in ex ce ss of the permissable radiation limits .
(2) An abnormal occurrence repo rt to the Regulatory Operations Regional Office by telephone within 24
hours of discovery of an abnormal occurrence . The
abnormal occurrence will also be reported in the annual
report described in the preceding i tem.
d . Upon request , the Commission may authorize a
li ce nsee to relinquish possession or control of premises,
equipment , or scrap having surfaces contaminated in
excess of the hunts specified . This may incl ude, but is
not limited to, special circumstances such as the transfer
of p remises to another li censed organization that w ill
continue -to work with radioactive materials . Requests
for such authorization should provide :
h . Records or logs rela tive to the following items
should be kept and retained until the license is terminated, after which they may be stored with other plant
records:
(1) Detailed, specific information describing the
premises, equipment, scrap , and radioactive contaminants and the nature , extent, and degree of residual
surface contamination .
C-3
HDMSP00053870
(2) A detailed health and safety analysis mdiaung that the residual amoun ts of materials on surface
areas , together with other considerations such as the
prospective use of the premises, equipment, or scrap . are
unlikely to result in an unreasonable risk to the health
and safety of the public.
e . Prior to release of the premises for unrestricted
use, the li censee should make a comp re hensive radiation
survey establishing that contamination is within the
limits specified in Table 1 . A survey report should be
filed with the Director of Licensing, U .S . Atomic Energy
Commission, Washington, D .C . 20545, with a copy to
the Director of the Regulatory Operations Regional
Office having jurisdiction. The report should be filed at
least 30 days prior to the planned date of abandonment .
The survey report should :
or a change in the techni cal specifications should be
reviewed and approved in accordance with the requiremenu of 10 CFR § 50,59 .
If major structural changes to radioactive components
of the facility are planned, such as removal of the
press ure vessel or major components of the primary
system , a dismantlement plan including the information
required by §50.82 should be submitted to the Commission . A dismantlement plan should be submitted for as
the alternatives of Regulatory Position C .2 except
mothballing. However , minor disassembly activities may
still be performed in the absence of such a plan .
provided they are permitted by ex isting operating and
maintenance procedures . A dismantlement plan should
include the following :
a. A description of the ultimate status of the facility
(1) Identify the premises ;
(2) Show that reasonable effort has been made to
re duce residual contamination to as low as practicable
levels ;
(3) Describe the scope of the survey and the
general procedures followed ; an d
(4) State the finding of the survey in units
specified in Table I .
After review of the report, the Commission may
inspect the facilities to confirm the survey prior to
granting approval for abandonment.
5 . REACTOR RETIREME cr PROCEDURES
As indi ca ted in Regulatory Position C .2, several
alternatives are accepta ble for reactor facility retirement .
If minor disassembly or "mothballing" is planned, this
could be done by the existing operating and maintenance procedures under the license in effect. Any
planned actions involving an unreviewed safety question
b. A description of the dismantli ng activities and the
precautions to be taken .
c . A safety analysis of the dismantling activities
including any effluents which may be released.
d. A safety anaiysu of the facility in its ultima te
status.
Upon satisfactory review and app roval of the dismantling plan, a dismantling order is issued by the
Commission in accordance with § 50 .82 . When dismantling is completed and the Commission has been
notified by letter, the appropriate Regulato ry Operations Regional Office inspects the facility and verifies
completion in accordance with the dismantlement plan .
If residual radiati'n levels do not exceed the values in
Table I, the Commission may terminate the license . If
these levels are exceeded, the licensee retains the
possession-only li cense under which the dismantling
activities have been conducted or, as an alternative, may
make app lication to the State (if an Agreement State)
for a byproduct materials license .
7,
C-4
HDMSP00053871
TABLE I
ACCEPTABLE SURFACE CONTAMINATION LEVEL S
AVERAGED C
MAXIMUMb d
REMOVABI.Eb e
5,000 dpm a/ 100 cm2
15.000 dpm a/ 100 cm2
1,000 dpm a / 100 cm 2
Transuranics, Ra-226 , R. a•228 .
Th 230, Th•228 , Pa-231 .
Ac :27,1- 125,1-12 9
100 dpm/ 100 cm2
300 dpm / 100 cm2
20 dpm/ 100 cm2
Th-nat , Th-232, Sr-90 ,
1000 dpm / 100 cnt2
3000 dpm/100 cm'
200 dpm/ 100 cm=
15,000 dpm 8-, / 100 cm2
1000 dpm 87 / 100 cm2
NUCLIDEa
Unat , U-235 , 13-238 , and
associated decay products
Ra-223 , Ra•224 , U-232 ,
]-126,I-131,3-]33
Beta -gamma emitters ( nuclides
with decay modes other than alph a
emission or spontaneous fusion)
_
5000 dpm B~ / 100 cm2
except Sr-90 and others noted above .
'Where surface contamination by both alpha- and bet:-pmmremimng nuclides exists , the bmits established for alpha- and
beta-gamuts- emitting nuclides should apply independently.
bAs used in this table , dpm (dssintepations per minute ) means the rate of emission by radioactive material as determined by correcting
the counts per minute observed by an app ropriate detect or for background , efficiency , and geometric factors a ss ociated with the
instrumentation
CMeasuremenu of average contaminanr should not be averaged over more than 1 square meter. For objects of less surface area, the
average should be derived for each such objec t
6The rnaxunum contamination level applies to an area of not more than 100 cm2 .
The amount of removable radioactive material per 100 cm2 of surfa ce eras should be determined by wiping that area with dry fitter or
soft absorbent paps , applying moderate pressure, and assessing the amount of radioactive material on rife wipe with an approp ri ate
instrument of known efficiency. When removable contamination an objects of less su rfatx area is determined , the perunent Ievd1
should be reduced propor tionally and the entire surface should be wiped .
I
C-c
79'
HDMSP00053872

L-85 REACTOR FACILITY ROCKETDYNE DIVISION ROCKWELL

Transcription

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